Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Temporary resident'

Este estudo pretendeu estudar a variabilidade espacial e temporal da capacidade natatória de uma espécie ciprinícola residente, o ruivaco (Achondrostoma oligolepis). Foram testadas duas hipóteses: a existência de diferenças de velocidade crítica de natação (Ucrit) entre quatro populações de ruivacos e, a respetiva ecomorfologia; a existência de diferenças de Ucrit entre as quatro estações do ano, dentro da mesma população, com posterior análise do seu comportamento natatório. Os resultados demonstraram a inexistência de diferenças espaciais significativas de Ucrit entre as populações. Porém, em termos de forma do corpo identificou-se algumas diferenças que evidenciam ser insuficientes para promover capacidades natatórias distintas. Relativamente ao segundo objetivo, os ruivacos demonstraram uma maior capacidade natatória e um comportamento mais propício ao movimento durante os períodos de outono/inverno. Este trabalho permite inferir sobre a capacidade natatória e a dinâmica de movimentos deste tipo de espécies e, potenciar medidas para a sua conservação e reabilitação in-situ; Spatial and temporal variability of the swimming capacity of an Iberian cyprinid, the ruivaco, Achondrostoma oligolepis (Robalo, Doadrio, Almada & Kottelat, 2005) Abstract: This study aimed to study the spatial and temporal variability of the swimming capacity of a resident cyprinid species, the ruivaco (Achondrostoma oligolepis). Two hypotheses were tested: the existence of differences in critical velocity swimming (Ucrit) between four populations of ruivacos and, its ecomorpholgy; and, the existence of differences in Ucrit between the four seasons, within the same population, with subsequent analysis of their swimming behaviour. Results showed the absence of special significant differences in Ucrit between the populations. However, in terms of body shape was identified some differences, but that evidence is insufficient to promote distinct swimming capacities. Relatively to the second purpose, ruivacos showed the higher swimming capacity and the best behaviour to locomotion during the seasons of autumn/winter. This work allows to infer about swimming capacity and dynamics of movement this type of species and, enhancing measures for their conservation and in-situ rehabilitation.

Motel life has existed in the United States for over 100 years. However, it was not until the HEARTH Act in 2009 changed the federal definition of homelessness that those who live in motels more or less permanently were considered homeless persons. This project utilizes qualitative, semi-structured interviews with 18 families with children who are living in motels to explore their experiences with motel life and social service providers, their housing identity, and identity management strategies. Interviews with social service providers were also conducted for context and to gain their perspective on families living in motels. Findings show that most of the motel residents did not identify with the conventional definition or image of homelessness and instead negotiated the term to fit their situation. Although they did not initially self-identify as homeless, when discussing policy recommendations all participants adopted a homeless social-identity (i.e., they identified as members of the homeless social category). As members of the homeless community, the participants agreed that homeless families in the area needed more attention and assistance. The identity management strategies employed by the participants were meant to show how they were good people who were just stuck in a motel because of circumstances outside of their control and how they were deserving of assistance to help their families move out of the motel and obtain adequate, permanent housing. Interviews with the social service providers showed that they often do exercise their power over clients by classifying them into a "deserving" group or a "not willing to work for it" group based on their own experiences and prejudices.
Ph.D.
Doctorate
Sociology
Sciences
Sociology

En 2024, la métropole parisienne se trouve à un moment clé de son développement, marqué par les Jeux Olympiques et Paralympiques, mais aussi par l’arrivée progressive de nouvelles infrastructures de transport et par des débats sur sa gouvernance. La thèse se penche sur l'interaction entre ces dynamiques métropolitaines, le tourisme urbain et l'hébergement touristique. Elle part de l’hypothèse que les pratiques touristiques se sont transformées, rendant les frontières entre touristes et résidents de plus en plus floues, et que les lieux d’hébergement des touristes peuvent avoir une influence non négligeable sur la vie des quartiers et sur la construction métropolitaine. Les plateformes de location de courte durée comme Airbnb ont joué un rôle central dans la transformation des pratiques touristiques. Et ces locations sont souvent concentrées dans des quartiers déjà touristiques, exacerbant les problèmes de ségrégation et de gentrification. Des disparités significatives existent donc entre les différents territoires de la métropole parisienne : certaines zones, déjà fortement impactées par le tourisme, nécessitent des mesures de protection plus strictes pour éviter une pression excessive sur les logements notamment, alors que des zones plus périphériques présentent un potentiel de développement du tourisme. En prenant appui sur des entretiens avec des acteurs publics locaux, sur des données chiffrées et sur des documents stratégiques, l’enquête montre que la régulation spatiale des hébergements touristiques apparaît comme un levier utile pour les autorités locales. En dispersant les flux touristiques vers les périphéries, la mise en place d’une telle régulation de l’hébergement touristique pourrait atténuer les effets négatifs du « surtourisme » et promouvoir une meilleure répartition des activités dans le Grand Paris. Cependant, la mise en place de telles régulations se heurte à des perceptions négatives et à des obstacles institutionnels liés tout particulièrement à la complexité des échelles d’action publique. Ces difficultés pourraient être atténuées en : - dépassant une vision binaire de soutien ou d’opposition aux locations de courte durée, - en prenant en compte la fonction d’« habiter » du tourisme urbain, - et en adoptant une démarche qui intègre les résidents temporaires dans une perspective globale, permettant notamment d’agir sur la diversification des territoires. Une telle approche pourrait permettre au tourisme, à travers l’hébergement, de devenir un véritable constituant de stratégies de territoires dans un contexte métropolitain. Cela impliquerait l’utilisation de divers outils de planification urbaine et de régulation dont certains existent déjà, mais qui devraient s’appliquer de manière territorialisée afin de mieux répondre au problème de concurrence entre l’hébergement touristique et le logement permanent tout en saisissant les opportunités offertes par l’hébergement touristique
In 2024, the Paris metropolitan area finds itself at a turning point in its development, marked not only by the Olympic and Paralympic Games but also by the gradual introduction of new transport infrastructures and ongoing debates concerning its governance. This dissertation explores the interaction between these metropolitan dynamics, urban tourism, and tourist accommodations. It is based on the hypothesis that tourism practices have evolved, increasingly blurring the boundaries between tourists and residents, and that tourist accommodation venues can significantly influence neighborhood life and metropolitan development. Short-term rental platforms like Airbnb have played a central role in transforming tourism practices. These rentals are often concentrated in already tourist-heavy neighborhoods, exacerbating issues of segregation and gentrification. Significant disparities thus exist across different areas of the Paris metropolitan region: some of them, already heavily impacted by tourism, require stricter protective measures to prevent excessive pressure on housing, while more peripheral areas present potential for tourism development. Drawing on interviews with actors from local authorities, on quantitative data, and on strategic documents, the study shows that spatial regulation of tourist accommodations emerges as a useful tool for local authorities. By dispersing tourist flows towards peripheral areas, the implementation of such regulation could mitigate the negative effects of “overtourism” and promote a more balanced distribution of activities within Greater Paris. However, the implementation of such regulations faces negative perceptions and institutional challenges, particularly due to the complexity of public action across various scales. These challenges could be alleviated by: - Moving beyond a binary perspective of support or opposition to short-term rentals, - Considering the function of “dwelling” within urban tourism, - And adopting an approach that integrates temporary residents within a holistic framework, which could notably help diversify territories. Such an approach could enable tourism, through accommodation, to become a true component of territorial strategies in a metropolitan context. This would entail the use of various urban planning and regulatory tools, some of which already exist, but would need to be applied in a territorially nuanced manner to better address the issue of competition between tourist accommodations and permanent housing while also capitalizing on the opportunities offered by tourist accommodations

The aim of this study was to explore the situation of immigrant women with temporary residence permit who face intimate partner violence and are living in Mid-Sweden. The study had a qualitative approach and four professionals with experience in meeting this group were interviewed using semi-structured questions. The sample consisted of respondents from social services, a women’s shelter, a NGO and a law firm. Findings show that due to controlling behavior by their partners the women are often isolated from society. Economical violence is explained as frequently occurring. Furthermore, the findings show that having a temporary residence permit makes it difficult to leave the abusive relationship, since it is connected to the risk of deportation. According to the respondents the women experience fear and worries related to their legal status. Moreover, the help available for them include supporting conversations, protected living and legal guidance. The findings indicate that for the women’s situation to be improved they need to gain information on their rights.

The Swedish government has an equality goal that men´s violence against women must stop, the government has also signed several international obligations to eliminate discrimination and violence against women. The number of people that moves to Sweden due to family ties is steadily increasing and research has shown that foreign born women have an increased risk of being exposed to male partner violence. How the question about violence against women with temporary residence permit is handled in the alien law has been criticised by women’s organisations and in a government inquiry for being oppressive towards women. The aim in this thesis is to examine how the alien law is applied in the practical work and since the Migration Court generally is the final instance that decides in cases regarding continued residence permit, 16 judgments from the Migration Court are analysed. The aim is to examine how violence against women with temporary residence permit is handled by the Migration Court, which discourses about violence and immigrant women that can be identified in the judgements and how this relate to the gender equality goal to eliminate violence against women. To analyse the judgements discourse analysis is used, to analyse how the law is applied a dogmatic approach and a critical perspective is also partly used. The analysis of the judgments suggest that the interpretation of the alien law is more generous than the legislator might has intended, however the assessments in the judgements varies, especially the question of the duration of the cohabitation. The consequence is that the interpretation of the alien law is unpredictable. Findings also suggest that a woman´s credibility is dependent on that she has made the violence probable. Two discourses are identified “the seeking help discourse” that shows that a lot of responsibility is placed on the individual woman to seek help and protection. And “the discourse of the invisibility of the violence” which points to that if the woman has any other reasons to be granted a residence permit, the Migration Court in many cases fail to discuss or even mention the claimed violence or violation, which creates a notion about what the Court values. It can be stated from this study that how the Migration Court handles the question about men´s violence against women is not compatible to national obligations and to that Swedish government gender equality goal about ending men´s violence against women.

This study examines the relationship between temporary residence status with workplace victimization that affects the overall lived experience of the Bangladeshi Immigrants in Sweden. It presents how temporary residence status connected to the threat of deportation of the immigrant and make them in a vulnerable condition that influences the perpetrator (employer) to exploit or victimize them economically, physically, and psychologically. In doing so routine activity theory and Marxist view applied to establish the relation and formulate preventive strategies. And depicting the overall scenario the researcher applied a qualitative research method with a semi-structured interview where participant selected through purposive and snowball sampling methods.The study findings indicate that temporary residence status has almost fifty percent connected to the workplace victimization that stalled individual life extensively and later citizenship and integration process into a new society. However, most of the participants agreed that they accepted this life willingly and around half of the participant have no major issues regarding violations but most of the victimized people didn’t imagine that they have to endure this cruel process.

Este proyecto ha sido elaborado para satisfacer la necesidad de adultos mayores autovalentes, de gozar de un centro de esparcimiento especialmente pensado en desarrollar hobbies y/o actividades inherentes al rango de edad de 60 a 80 años; tales como talleres de memoria, baile, natación, tai chi, entre otros. Esta idea surgió porque según el estudio de mercado realizado, hay muchos adultos mayores con necesidad de obtener un servicio diferenciado y especializado, y los familiares con los que viven - por el día a día -, no pueden satisfacer esa necesidad. La principal fuente de ingresos será la venta de membresías, para pasar el día y participar de las distintas actividades sujetas a cupo, y para además acceder a una residencia temporal que permite llevar una mejor calidad de vida de lunes a viernes en “Club Senior VIP”. Se estima que la inversión será distribuida principalmente en el alquiler e implementación del Centro, la contratación del personal especializado y una agresiva campaña publicitaria. Los impulsadores de este proyecto serán los alumnos de la UPC: Claudia Castro Hinojosa, quien será la responsable de la Jefatura de administración y ventas, 2. Cinthya Gonzalez Gentille, quien será la responsable de la Jefatura de operaciones y gestión de la calidad, 3. Martín Ruiz Pastor Castillo, quien será el responsable de marketing y ventas, y, 4. Evelyn Soto Polo, quien será la responsable de los recursos humanos.
This project has been developed to meet the need for self-sufficient older adults, to enjoy a recreation center specially designed to develop hobbies and / or activities inherent in the age range of 60 to 80 years; such as memory workshops, dancing, swimming, tai chi, among others. This idea arose because according to our research, there are many older adults in need of obtaining a differentiated and specialized service, and the relatives who are in charge of them, for the day to day they cannot meet that need. The main source of income will be the sale of memberships, to spend the day and participate in the different activities subject to quota, and also to access a temporary residence that allows to lead a better quality of life from Monday to Friday in “Club Senior VIP”, Valuing the family union. An investment that will be distributed mainly in the rental and implementation of the Center, the hiring of specialized personnel and an advertising campaign. The promoters of this project will be the UPC students: Claudia Castro Hinojosa, who will be responsible for the administrative area. 2. Cinthya Gonzalez Gentille, who will be responsible for the operations and quality area. 3. Martín Ruiz Pastor Castillo, who will be responsible for the marketing and commercial area. 4. Evelyn Soto Polo, who will be responsible for the personnel area.
Trabajo de investigación

Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
The thesis investigates the motivations behind, the methods used in, and the results of the overseas students’ collective action contesting the measures, which the Australian government introduced from 1983 to 1996. As a group of temporary residents located outside the boundaries of domestic political systems, yet within the core of Australia’s revenue earnings, overseas students independently mobilised in an attempt to influence the Australian Government policy on education from a position of limited political, social and legal rights. As temporary residents on short-term permits fully regulated under prescribed immigration rules, overseas students employed conventional repertoires of contention— they established formal structures, adopted action tools, framed their claims, internationalised their protest, formed alliances — in an attempt to mobilise resources and access existing avenues to influence government’s export of education services policy. Their mobilisation response and campaign strategy achieved modest success in securing some policy concessions, particularly during the early stages of education aid reform. Their strategy, however had to evolve as the fledgling export of education services expanded and eventually they shifted their position to fully embrace and reinterpret the government’s own ‘language of liberalisation’, which they used to greater effectiveness in making subsequent claims. Overseas students ability to procure concessions is derived not from their political or universal rights to education, but from their ability to influence policy changes based on their importance and strategic location in the Australian economy. In other words, government, universities and industry stakeholders have increasingly become dependent on substantial revenue earnings derived from overseas students and have become susceptible to potential chaos that may be precipitated if current students withdrew from the economy, or potential students choosing alternative education service destinations.

El siguiente trabajo de investigación parte como respuesta a la falta de residencias universitarias en Lima, ciudad más importante del país, que a pesar de la gran oferta de estudiantes universitarios que se ha venido dando durante los últimos años, solo cuenta con una residencia universitaria propiamente dicha. Según cifras, del total de becas que se otorga todos los años en el Programa Nacional de Becas (PRONABEC), el 85% lo obtienen estudiantes del interior del país, que en su gran mayoría vienen a la capital a estudiar en universidades tanto públicas como privadas. Ante esta situación, los estudiantes optan por el alquiler de casas que no cuentan con espacios comunes donde puedan desarrollarse académica y socialmente. Es por ello que se plantea una residencia destinada exclusivamente para alumnos universitarios que se encuentran estudiando en alguna institución cercana. Por otro lado, el proyecto al estar ubicado estratégicamente en el distrito de Los Olivos, donde existen varios polos educativos y oportunidades de negocio, estará compuesto por tres tipologías: residencia, oficinas coworking y comercio local, ya que no solo se busca resolver el tema de estadía, sino que ayude a que los jóvenes tengan un mejor desarrollo profesional durante y después de su etapa universitaria, que tengan mayor conexión con su entorno directo y su comunidad, creando patios abiertos acompañados con áreas verdes de esparcimiento donde puedan intercambiar diferentes costumbres que cada uno tiene del lugar donde nacieron, logrando una interculturalidad entre los usuarios.
The research work below begins in response to the lack of student housing in Lima, the most important city in the country, which despite the great offer of university students that has been given in recent years, only has one university residence proper. According to statistics, of the total scholarships awarded every year in the National Scholarship Program (PRONABEC), 85% are obtained by students from country, who mostly come to the capital to study at both, public or private universities. Faced with this situation, students choose to rent houses that do not have common spaces where they can develop academically and socially. That is why a residence is proposed exclusively for young university students who are studying at a nearby institution. On the other hand, the project being strategically located in the district of Los Olivos, where there are several educational areas and business opportunities, because of that the project consists in three typologies: residence, coworking offices and local commerce, because not only do you seek to resolve the issue of stay, it also helps to young people have better professional development during and after their university stage , that have greater connection with their direct environment and their community, creating open plazas with green areas of recreation where they can exchange different customs that each has of the place where they were born, achieving an interculturality among users.
Tesis

O presente estudo avaliou a relação entre aspectos demográficos, socioeconômicos e de mobilidade com o espaço de atividades de residentes de Paraisópolis, uma das maiores favelas de São Paulo, Brasil, com mais de 70.000 habitantes. Foram utilizados, para tanto, dados de GPS, coletados por smartphones, e entrevistas domiciliares. Dois indicadores espaço-temporais de acessibilidade, facilmente mensuráveis, foram extraídos da literatura para determinar, para cada indivíduo da amostra, (i) a dispersão espacial de atividades não residenciais e (ii) o afastamento de seu centroide de atividades ao local de residência. Os dados brutos coletados através de um aplicativo instalado nos smartphones, com intervalos programados de 5 minutos, durante um período de 14 dias, foram então processados para a identificação de pontos de interesse (POIs) - locais de atividades e residências - e de sua frequência de visitas (stays), constatando-se que, ao longo dos sete dias consecutivos de coleta de dados adotados neste trabalho, a amostra de 109 indivíduos visitou 673 pontos de interesse. A acessibilidade individual foi então analisada para três períodos: de forma agregada, para os dias úteis e final de semana, e de forma isolada, para cada dia pesquisado. As análises investigaram a relação dos indicadores de acessibilidade com características demográficas e socioeconômicas dos indivíduos, bem como com seus hábitos de transporte. Os resultados mostraram maior número de indivíduos que não saem de casa no final de semana (125% maior que nos dias úteis); o uso de transporte público e a presença de doenças crônicas são características comuns entre eles. Quem trabalha apresenta maior espaço de atividades nos dias úteis e no final de semana; enquanto o número de dias produtivos contribui para a dispersão e o afastamento à residência, o aumento da jornada de trabalho age em sentido contrário, provavelmente pela redução do tempo livre. O gênero também afeta a dispersão de atividades, e as mulheres apresentam menor espaço de atividades. O grau de escolaridade, o estado civil e a idade parecem influenciar ambos os indicadores, em todos os períodos analisados. Estudantes, homens e aqueles com ensino superior completo/incompleto apresentaram grandes variações dos indicadores ao longo dos dias. Finalmente, o uso de transporte público sobre pneus está associado a um espaço de atividades maior nos dias úteis; por outro lado, o acesso ao automóvel e à rede metroferroviária parece facilitar a participação em atividades não-residenciais localizadas mais longe da residência, no final de semana.
The purpose of this thesis is to analyze the activity space of residents of Paraisópolis, one of the largest slums in São Paulo, Brazil, with a population over 70,000. Two easily measured space-temporal accessibility indicators were selected from literature to assess, for each person, (i) the spatial dispersion of non-residential activities and (ii) the distance of the activities centroid to the residential location. Data of 109 individuals was collected from interviews and from respondents\' smartphones, using an app configured to record GPS locations at 5-minute intervals for a period of up to 14 days. The raw data was processed to identify activity locations (POIs - points of interest), time and frequency of visits (stays), leading to 673 POIs visited within 7 consecutive days selected for analysis. Accessibility is analyzed for daily measurements, and for data aggregated into weekdays and weekends. The analysis investigated the relation of accessibility indicators to socioeconomic and demographic characteristics of individuals as well as information on habitual transport mode. Results show a large number of individuals who do not leave home during weekends (125% higher than during weekdays); these persons have in common the presence of chronic diseases and the habitual use of public transport; lack of access to cars probably restrict the travel of these individuals. Workers have a larger activity space during both, weekdays and weekends; those who work more days in a week present higher dispersion and distance from the activities centroid to home. However, longer daily working hours decrease dispersion, probably due to reduced time availability. Gender also impacts dispersion, with women having a reduced activity space. Age, marital status and years of study seem to influence the two accessibility indicators, for both weekdays and weekend. Males, students and those with higher education present large variation in the accessibility indicators. Finally, habitual use of public transport is associated with a larger activity space during weekdays; on the other hand, access to cars and to the metro and rail network seems to facilitate nonresidential activities to be performed further from home on weekends.

The purpose of this study is to investigate how people with a temporary residence permit are motivated to integrate into a society, though, among other things, language learning, work and studies. On July 20, 2016, a new temporary law was introduced, where instead of a permanent residence permit, a temporary residence permit is granted with requirements to fulfill for extension. The empirical evidence for the study has been collected through semistructured interviews with eight people who, at the time of the interview, had a temporary residence permit. Previous research describes topics related to integration in general ,temporary residence and lastly motivation, and contributes with knowledge to the research topic, where a knowledge gap is their own descriptions of motivation to integrate, as well as motivation to learn the language, work and study with a temporary residence permit. The theoretical framework for the study includes theories about the concepts of integration and motivation, but also Georg Simmel's contribution about the ‘Stranger’ in combination with temporality and mobility. The results show motivation for integration in the form of language learning, studies and work, despite high demands and an uncertain future. A permanent residence permit is for many a purpose for establishing themselves and realizing long-termgoals.
Syftet med denna studie är att undersöka hur personer med ett tillfälligt uppehållstillstånd motiveras till att integrera sig i ett samhälle, genom bland annat språklärande, arbete ochstudier. Den 20 juli 2016 infördes en ny tillfällig lag, där istället för ett permanent uppehållstillstånd ges ett tillfälligt uppehållstillstånd med krav att uppfylla för förlängning. Empirin för studien har samlats in genom semistrukturerade intervjuer med åtta personer som vid tiden intervjun ägde rum, hade tillfälligt uppehållstillstånd. Tidigare forskning redogör ämnen som berör integration i allmänhet, tillfälliga uppehållstillståndet och sist motivation, och bidrar med kunskap till eget forskningsämne, där en kunskapslucka är egna beskrivningar av motivation till att integrera sig, samt motivation till att lära sig språket, arbeta och studera med ett tillfälligt uppehållstillstånd. Den teoretiska ramen för studien innefattar teorier om begreppen integration och motivation, men även Georg Simmels bidrag om ‘Främlingen’ i kombination med temporalitet och mobilitet. Resultatet visar på motivation till integration i form av språklärande, studier och arbete, trots höga krav och en osäker framtid. Ett permanent uppehållstillstånd är för flera ett ändamål till att etablera sig och förverkliga långsiktiga mål.

La résidence alternée, légalisée en France en 2002, est une pratique minoritaire qui touche toutes les catégories de la population des parents séparés. Elle est entendue de manière stricte comme une organisation qui sépare de façon égale les temps de résidence des enfants entre leurs deux parents. Sous ce principe de symétrie coparentale, le temps vécu par les parents est bichronique, marqué par la succession réitérée de temps de même dimension, les uns avec enfants et les autres sans. Nous explorons l’expérience temporelle de cette parentalité alternée à partir d’une méthode mixte qui croise l’analyse de 55 entretiens avec le traitement de 5 103 questionnaires passés auprès des allocataires de la Caisse d’allocations familiales qui ont des enfants en résidence alternée. Dans une première partie, nous contextualisons la question de la résidence alternée dans la France contemporaine. Nous présentons une cartographie des polémiques qu’elle soulève, précisons les évolutions juridiques et les modalités judiciaires de sa mise en place, avant de remarquer que les études existantes sur cet objet sont peu nombreuses et souvent partielles. Si les déterminants socio-économiques du choix de la résidence alternée sont assez bien connus, le fonctionnement concret des alternances est peu étudié. Notre contribution consiste à ouvrir cette boîte noire. Nous inscrivons notre recherche dans une perspective temporaliste qui consiste à interroger les temps différenciés de l’expérience humaine. Dans la deuxième partie, nous caractérisons l’économie générale du cadre temporel de la résidence alternée, en montrant que le partage égal des temps de résidence ne peut se soustraire au temps calendaire dominant. Les deux espaces créés dans ces conditions se constituent en territoires temporels sur lesquels chacun des parents exerce une souveraineté relative selon des règles qui se construisent à l’usage. Nous proposons une topologie des territoires de l’alternance, attentive à leur structure et à leur plasticité. Dans la troisième partie, nous envisageons l’expérience parentale de la succession des temps avec et sans enfant en commençant par préciser les différences de texture temporelle, avant de décrire les modalités de la concordance de ces temps. Nous terminons en changeant d’échelle temporelle pour interroger l’évolution de l’expérience parentale de l’alternance dans la durée, quand elle est confrontée à la survenance de divers événements comme la recomposition familiale ou la mobilité professionnelle. Dans l’ensemble de la thèse, nous sommes attentifs aux variations dans l’organisation et l’expérience temporelle de la résidence alternée selon les variables lourdes de la sociologie, le sexe, l’âge, le milieu social ou le lieu de résidence des parents
Shared residence, legalized in France in 2002, is a minority practice that affects all categories of the population of separated parents. It is strictly understood as an arrangement in which the residence times of children is equally shared between their two parents. According to the principle of coparental symmetry, the parents’ experience of time is bichronic, marked by the repeated succession of periods of time of equal length, some with children and others without. We explore the temporal experience of this alternate parenthood using a mixed method that combines the analysis of 55 interviews and 5,103 questionnaires sent to French Family Allowance Fund who have children in shared residence. The first part contextualizes the question of shared residence in contemporary France. The thesis maps the controversies it raises, specifies the legal developments and judicial modalities of its implementation, before noting that existing studies on this subject are few and often partial. While the social and economic determinants of the choice of shared residence are fairly well known, the concrete functioning of alternating residence is not well studied. Our research adopts a temporalistic perspective that consists in questioning the differentiated times of human experience. In the second part we characterize the general economy of the temporal framework of alternate residence, showing that the equal sharing of residence times cannot escape the dominant calendar time. The two spaces created in these conditions are constituted into temporal territories over which each parent exercises relative sovereignty according to rules that are built incrementally. We propose a topology of the territories of alternation, attentive to their structure and plasticity. In the third part, we consider the parental experience of time sequences with and without children by first specifying the differences in temporal texture, before describing the modalities of time harmonization. We conclude by looking at the issue from a long term perspective to question the evolution of the parental experience of alternation over time, when it is confronted with events such as family reconstitution or professional mobility. Throughout the thesis, we are attentive to variations in the organization and temporal experience of shared residence according to major sociological variables, gender, age, social background or parents' place of residence

This dissertation analyzes adaptation of the Arabic population to temporary residence in the USA, based on conceptual themes from cultural anthropology and interactional sociolinguistics. I begin my analysis by summarizing the cultural background of my target population. I focus on issues of Islamic culture and religion, gender segregation, diversity, and the Arabic language. I next discuss the method by which I arrived at my research problem and population. My population is comprised of Arabic individuals studying in the USA, and their accompanying persons. I narrowed this population into a core group of key consultants, whose perspectives became representative voices. I interviewed my consultants on aspects of academic and social experiences in this country and the adaptative strategies they used to counteract its challenges. I divide my core analysis into two phases of residence--initial and subsequent. The initial documents the incipient adaptative processes used by my consultants in both social and academic settings. It discusses implications of the co-presence of gender in and out of the classroom and the strategy of avoidance. It documents the dynamics of teacher-student interactions and the discourse of authority. Arabic discourse includes communicative strategies of repetition and indirectness. The subsequent phase discussion focuses on outcomes of adaptation. In this phase, I discuss the redefinition of identity and issues of stigma. I address the outcomes of redefinitions of self and social interaction. I focus on discourse and communicative styles, and address nonassimilative adaptive strategies achieved by boundary maintaining mechanisms. I address the role of the home countries in the adaptative strategies of the population. Finally, this dissertation concludes with a recapitulation of macro and micro interaction and the cultural experience. I conclude that issues of culture clash/culture shock are linked to social interaction of the Arabic population. The binding threads of this dissertation are the processes and outcomes of the two phases of residence. The theme is adaptation. Adaptive processes include intercultural discourse, subsuming issues of identity. These issues are embedded and embodied in the main findings I consider important, at the core of this dissertation.

para obtenção do grau de Mestre em Arquitectura, apresentada na Universidade de Lisboa - Faculdade de Arquitectura.
A forma primordial de habitar o espaço é traduzida através do arquétipo Casa, sendo o resultado da concretização e vontade do Homem em habitar. A Casa é o primeiro mundo do Homem, é ela que o protege, que o forma e transforma, traduzindo a sua identidade, as suas memórias e os seus sonhos. O espaço habitacional de cada indivíduo reflecte a existência da influência deste paradigma que se altera e evolui sob a influência de inúmeros factores, entre os quais a história, a cultura, o tempo e outros. É este último elemento, o tempo, que liga e relaciona os homens entre si e com o espaço, sobre o qual se desenvolverá a reflexão presente na Dissertação, abordando essencialmente a temática da permanência. O tempo de permanência como caracterizador do espaço habitacional, considerando estes componentes estruturantes da cultura e da história do Homem inevitavelmente interligados, influenciando-se mutuamente e proporcionando novas formas de vivência e percepção de ambos. O principal objectivo será relacionar o espaço habitacional com o tempo de permanência, numa tentativa de compreensão de como o tempo é percepcionado nos diferentes espaços habitacionais, bem como a sua influência na vivência destes. Para além disso, pretende-se perceber como o factor temporal poderá alterar e gerar diferentes tipologias habitacionais e novas formas de habitar. O projecto desenvolverá esta temática da habitação, englobando diferentes tipologias habitacionais de estadia temporária, no emblemático Hospital de Santa Marta, que ocupa a antiga Cerca do Convento de Santa Marta inserida na malha urbana de uma das sete colinas de Lisboa, a Colina de Sant’Ana. Considerando o convento como um dos sistemas primordiais do habitar, pretende-se numa tentativa de ligação com a memória do lugar, desenvolver alguns dos diversos espaços habitacionais estudados, incorporando novamente a ideia do habitar, do jardim e da água nos antigos limites do Convento.
ABSTRACT: The primordial way of inhabiting space is translated through the Home archetype, which is the result of realization and will of man to dwell. The Home is the first world of man, it is what protects him, and transforms him, translating building his identity, his memories and his dreams. The dwelling of each individual reflects the existence of the influence of this paradigm that changes and evolves under the influence of numerous factors, including the history, the culture, the time and others. It is this last element, the time, that connects and relates men with each other and the space, on which it will develop this Dissertation, essentially addressing the issue of permanence. The permanency time as characterizing the living space, considering these structural components of the culture and history of man inevitably interconnected, influencing each other and providing new ways to experience and perception of both. Therefore, the main objective will be to relate the dwelling with the permanency time in an attempt to understand how time is perceived in different living spaces, as well as its influence in the experience of these. Furthermore, it is intended to realize how time can change and generate different housing typologies and new ways of living. The project will develop this theme of the dwelling, covering different housing typologies of temporary stay, the emblematic hospital of Santa Marta, which occupies the former Convento de Santa Marta and its surroundings inserted into the urban fabric of one of the seven hills of Lisbon, the Colina de Sant'Ana Whereas the convent as primary systems of dwelling, it is intended, in an attempt to link the memory of the place, to develop some of the various housing areas studied, once again incorporating the idea of dwelling, garden and water in ancient limits of the Convent

Denna uppsats studerar hur de tillfälliga uppehållstillstånden påverkar nyanländas incitament att ta sig in på den svenska arbetsmarknaden. En av motiveringarna bakom den tillfälliga lagen var – förutom att ge svenskt flyktingmottagande ett andrum – att ge nyanlända personer starkare drivkrafter att komma in på arbetsmarknaden. För att undersöka detta görs en brytpunktsanalys (Regression Discontinuity design) där individer som registrerat sin asylansökan hos Migrationsverket före och efter den 24 november 2015 jämförs. Detta datum avgör om barn och barnfamiljer behandlas enligt den gamla eller den tillfälliga lagen, och därmed om de har möjlighet att få permanenta eller tillfälliga uppehållstillstånd. Resultaten visar att individer på olika sidor om datumgränsen inte verkar skilja sig åt i förutbestämda variabler, vilket tyder på att de inte har haft möjlighet att bestämma vilken sida av datumgränsen de hamnat på. Individer som passerat gränsen har signifikant lägre sannolikhet att få permanenta uppehållstillstånd, minskningen är dock marginell. Det beror troligen på att uppföljningsperioden är kort. Som indikation på hur incitamenten att komma in på arbetsmarknaden påverkas av reformen studeras invandrartäthet samt arbetslöshetsnivå i de län som sökande bor i ett år efter ankomsten. Resultaten tyder på att individer som fick sin ansökan registrerad efter brytpunkten inte bor i län där invandrartätheten eller arbetslösheten är annorlunda. Även detta kan bero på att det än så länge gått för kort tid för att kunna se några effekter.
This paper studies how the temporary residence permits affects immigrants’ incentives to enter the Swedish labor market. One of the reasons behind the adoption of the temporary permits was – in addition to provide Swedish refugee reception a relief – to give immigrants stronger incentives to enter the labor market. To study this, a Regression Discontinuity design study is done, where individuals who had their asylum application registered at the Swedish Migration Agency before and after November 24, 2015 are compared. This date will determine if children and families are treated by the old or the temporary law, and thus if they can get permanent or temporary residence permit.   The results show that individuals on different sides of the dateline do not seem to differ in predetermined variables, suggesting that they have not been able to decide which side of the dateline they are on. Individuals who crossed the threshold are significantly less likely to have permanent residence permits, the decrease is however marginal. This is probably because the follow-up period is short. As an indication of how the incentives to enter the labor market are affected by the reform, immigrant density and unemployment rate in the county that the applicant lives in a year after the arrival is used. The results suggest that individuals who registered their applications after the threshold does not live in counties with a different immigrant density or unemployment rate. This as well can be due to that the follow-up period is short.

Apesar da cidade do Rio de Janeiro ser uma das mais importantes metrópoles brasileiras são muito pouco conhecidos os efeitos da exposição aos poluentes atmosféricos na saúde da população carioca. Este trabalho foi idealizado para suprir uma parte desta carência. Os poluentes investigados foram PM10, SO2, NO2, CO e O3 e os desfechos envolveram os atendimentos pediátricos de emergência por sintomas respiratórios em três unidades públicas de saúde de Jacarepaguá, entre abril de 2002 e março de 2003. As variáveis de confusão foram a tendência temporal, sazonalidade, temperatura, umidade relativa do ar, precipitação de chuva e infecções respiratórias. Também foram ajustados os efeitos do calendário, isto é, determinados dias do ano que apresentaram comportamentos anormais como feriados e finais de semana. Houve inúmeras falhas no monitoramento de todos os poluentes e devido ao reduzido volume de dados, optou-se por não incluir o SO2 nas análises. Uma vez que os determinantes e as conseqüências clínicas das exposições aos poluentes atmosféricos são bastante distintos nas vias aérias superiores e nas vias aéreas inferiores, um dos estudos verificou a associação dos poluentes do ar com transtornos nestes dois segmentos. Embora de pequena magnitude, somente o O3 apresentou resultado positivo e estatisticamente significativo, tanto com todos os atendimentos de emergência por queixas respiratórias como com os atendimentos motivados por sintomas nas vias aéreas inferiores. O efeito foi no mesmo dia da exposição (lag 0). No outro estudo, investigou-se a associação dos poluentes do ar com os atendimentos de emergência por sintomas de obstrução brônquica. Neste caso, as crianças foram categorizadads em três faixas etárias. Somente as crianças com idades menores que 2 anos tiveram um resultado positivo e estatisticamente significativo, de expressiva magnitude com PM10. Semelhante efeito foi visto com o O3, embora com significado estatístico limítrofe (p<0,06). Também neste estudo o efeito ocorreu no mesmo dia da exposição. Apesar das falhas no monitoramento, nos dois estudos, os parâmetros da poluição ambiental estiveram associados ao aumento do número de atendimentos pediátricos de emergência por motivos respiratórios em Jacarepaguá. Durante o período de estudos, os níveis de todos os poluentes monitorados permaneceram abaixo dos limites recomendados.
Rio de Janeiro is one of the most important Brazilian cities. Nevertheless, health effects of air pollutants on its population are scarcely known. This study was conduct to cover part of what is lacking on the subject. Air pollutants investigated were PM10, SO2, NO2, CO e O3 and the outcomes were emergency pediatric consultations due to respiratory complaints on 3 public health units, in Jacarepaguá, between April, 2002 and March 2003. Confounding variables were time trends, seasonality, temperature, humidity, rain volume and respiratory infections. Calendar effects (holidays and weekends) were also adjusted, There were several failures on pollutants monitoring, mainly SO2, which was not taken into consideration to this study, due to low amount of data. As determinants and clinical consequences of air pollutants are very different on upper or lower respiratory system, one of the articles estimated the association of air pollutants to ailments on both systems. Only O3 showed a positive and statistically significant result (although small), both related to emergency consultations due to respiratory complaints as to emergency consultations due to lower respiratory symptoms. Effect and exposure occurred on the same day. (lag0). On the second article, association between air pollutants and emergency consultations related to bronchic obstruction was studied. On this case, children were categorized in three groups, according to age. Only children under 2 years showed a strong, positive and statistically significant result with PM10. A similar effect was observed with O3, although with a boundary statistically significant (p<0,06). On this study, effect and exposure occurred on the same day, as well. Despite failures on monitoring, on both studies, environmental pollution parameters were related to an increased number of emergency pediatric consultations due to respiratory complaints in Jacarepaguá. During all period observed, monitored pollutants levels were under recommended limits.

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O município de Monte Alegre, PA apresenta níveis aumentados de radiação natural devido à presença de ocorrências uraníferas na região. Os objetivos dessa dissertação foram: realizar uma análise da evolução da mortalidade na população residente de Monte Alegre e compará-la com aquela observada nos municípios controles (Alenquer e Prainha); e determinar a ocorrência de neoplasia maligna no município de Monte Alegre a partir da avaliação do excesso de risco de mortalidade e das estimativas da incidência. A dissertação foi dividida em dois artigos, cada um atendendo a um dos objetivos. No primeiro foi avaliada a tendência temporal da mortalidade por todas as causas, causas mal definidas e neoplasias entre 1981 e 2005. Os dados utilizados foram os disponíveis no Sistema de Informação sobre Mortalidade (SIM). No segundo foram estimadas as Razões Padronizadas de Mortalidade (SMR), as razões de risco através da razão das SMRs de Monte Alegre e municípios controles e razões de chances de mortalidade por câncer (CMOR) para o município de Monte Alegre e controles no período de 1981 a 2005, utilizando a população do estado do Pará como referência. Para estimar a incidência de câncer foram realizadas três diferentes abordagens: a partir dos dados obtidos nos centros de diagnósticos para câncer que atendem a população da área de estudo; através dos dados de Autorização de Internação Hospitalar; e dados primários obtidos no inquérito populacional realizado na região em 2007/2008. Ao longo do período, observou-se um decréscimo da taxa padronizada de mortalidade geral em Monte Alegre por todas as causas assim como por causas mal definidas para ambos os sexos. Embora a tendência da mortalidade por neoplasias em Monte Alegre se apresente estável, a qualidade da base de dados de mortalidade não permite análises conclusivas da real situação deste grupo de causa de morte nos municípios analisados. Os valores de SMR para mortalidade por todas as causas, encontrados para Monte Alegre, foram similares aos dos municípios controles, apresentando redução estatisticamente significativa: SMRMA= 72,9, IC 95 por cento 70,5-75,3 e SMRMC=75,2, IC 95 por cento 76,2-77,3, respectivamente. Não se observou excesso de mortes por câncer em Monte Alegre e nos municípios controles, e a análise da mortalidade segundo sexo não revelou um excesso de risco estatisticamente significativo nas diferentes localizações tumorais. As diferentes abordagens para estimar a incidência de câncer em Monte Alegre apesar da precária qualidade dos dados não mostraram padrão distinto dos municípios controles. A inexistência de um registro de câncer de base populacional, no município de Monte Alegre, constitui-se em uma limitação importante para se conhecer a real incidência de câncer. No momento, pode-se afirmar que não há evidência científica que assegure um aumento das ocorrências de óbitos por neoplasias no município, sendo precipitado e especulativo concluir que a utilização das rochas de urânio estaria ocasionando um aumento na mortalidade por câncer na população de Monte Alegre.
The municipality of Monte Alegre, located in the Amazonian State of Pará, Brazil, presents scattered areas with increased levels of natural radiation due to uranium rocks. The objectives of this dissertation were: to evaluate the mortality trend among Monte Alegre residents, and to compare it with that observed in neighbor municipalities (Alenquer and Prainha) without natural radiation sources; and to determine the impact of cancer distribution either in Monte Alegre or control counties population, taking into account their estimates of cancer incidence and mortality. The dissertation was organized in two papers. The first one aimed to evaluate the mortality trend for all causes of death, cancer, and unknown causes of death occurred between 1981-2005. Analyzed data was provided by the Brazilian National Mortality Information System (SIM), being the general population of the State of Para used as reference. In the second paper, cancer mortality risks at selected sites were ascertained using standardized mortality ratios (SMR) and mortality odds ratios (MOR). Additionally, cancer mortality risk ratios of Monte Alegre and control counties were obtained towards the ratio between SMRs of selected cancer sites in both areas. Three different sources of data were used to retrieve all cancer cases in the studied area, and therefore, to estimate cancer incidence in the studied populations: the diagnosed cancer cases at the regional reference centers for oncological care settled in Santarem, Belém and Manaus; the cancer-related hospitalization authorization records obtained at the Brazilian National Health System (SUS) registries; and primary data of cancer reported by local residents at a population-based health survey conducted by our research team in 2007-2008. A declining trend for all causes of death mortality in Monte Alegre general population, as well as for the unknown causes of death, was observed along the studied time series for both gender. Cancer mortality trend in Monte Alegre and at the control counties remained stable, but the high proportion of unascertained causes of death at the mortality database does not allow a conclusive ascertainment. SMR for all causes of death in Monte Alegre was similar to that observed at the control counties, respectively, SMR=72.9, 95% CI 70,5-75,3 and SMR=75.2 , 95% CI 76,2-77,3. No excess of cancer deaths was observed in Monte Alegre or at the control populations, and cancer mortality by gender also did not reveal statistically significant differences at the different tumor sites. Despite the use of three different approaches to estimate cancer incidence in Monte Alegre and the control counties, similar patterns were observed in the studied areas. To conclude, no evidence supporting an increase of cancer deaths in Monte Alegre was observed.

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Historicamente a esporotricose esteve associada a profissionais que lidam com a terra, local onde o fungo causador habita. No entanto, recentemente em determinada área urbana tem sido registrada a ocorrência de casos relacionados à arranhadura ou mordedura de animais como o gato, levando a surtos familiares, acometendo indivíduos de todas as faixas etárias e sexo. Objetivo: Analisar a distribuição sócio-espacial da esporotricose na Região Metropolitana do Estado do Rio de Janeiro no período de 1997 a 2007, caracterizando padrões e espaços críticos e condições particulares da transmissão. Metodologia Estudo descritivo sócio-espacial dos dados do Serviço de Vigilância em Saúde/IPEC,que foram complementados pela revisão dos prontuários. Para espacialização foi utilizada a técnica de Georreferenciamento dos casos, pelo endereço de residência. Resultados: Foram diagnosticados 1.848 casos, com média de 168 casos/ano. O último quadriênio totalizou 1.289 casos - 2,3 vezes mais que nos sete anos anteriores. Foram atendidas predominantemente mulheres (66,9 por cento), com idade entre 20 e 69 anos (53,3 por cento), que permaneciam no domicílio por um período prolongado, à serviço ou não (33,1 por cento) em relação a 8,4 por cento de homens.Do total de atendidos, 16,61 por cento relatou história de trauma com plantas e 66,88 por cento trauma com animal: 78,1 por cento correlacionado a gatos e 8,8 por cento sem correlação com felinos. Relacionou-se a existência de felino(s) no domicílio à contaminação pelo Sporotrichum schenckii através do gato. 95 por cento dos pacientes residiam na Região Metropolitana. . O georreferenciamento de 1.681 casos (91 por cento), mostrou que 1.610 residiam em cinco Municípios limítrofes ao Rio de Janeiro. A análise de Kernel evidenciou sete áreas onde a transmissão apresentou-se mais intensa. Duas localidades foram selecionadas para estudo dos padrões de transmissão: a primeira identificada como AQ-RJ e a segunda identificada como AQ-DC. A primeira foi escolhida pela intensidade variada durante o período e a segunda pela intensidade no final do período. Utilizando como limite para análise a primeira faixa de intensidade do Kernel foram identificados os casos que compunham cada localidade - em ambas a distribuição por sexo permaneceu 2:1 mulheres / homem, com atividades relacionadas à casa 37,5 por cento e 62,5 por cento respectivamente. Neste aspecto foi observada ligeira diferença com relação ao perfil do Estado, onde a média foi de 41 por cento. Na AQ_RJ 58,3 por cento e na AQ_DC 75 por cento dos pacientes adoeceram por trauma com gato, em média 66 por cento dos pacientes possuem gato no ambiente domiciliar. Conclusões: Gatos em ambiente domiciliar, como opção para controle de roedores e em contato com a natureza, é fator de risco para contaminação por esporotricose. Os ratos podem estar sendo a população-ponte entre o fungo e os gatos e, principalmente nos lugares onde a intensidade de transmissão da doença tem sido mais elevada, existe um ambiente propício para sua difusão. Ações de educação em saúde, o tratamento dos animais, o controle dos vetores e a melhoria das condições de saneamento são caminhos importantes para o controle da doença. O desconhecimento sobre a doença e os cuidados necessários para evitar a contaminação, contribuem para manutenção dos casos ao longo destes anos. Para o real conhecimento da situação epidemiológica da esporotricose humana no Estado do Rio de Janeiro é necessária a instituição desta como Doença de Notificação Compulsória a Nível Estadual.
Historically sporotrichosis has been related to professionals dealing with soil, which is the place where causal fungus live. Recently however, case occurrence registers, related to animal scratches or animal bites, as cats living in an urban area, leading to family outbreaks and individuals exposure from all ages and genre. Objective: to analyze the sporotrichosis socio-spacial distribution in the Metropolitan Region of Rio de Janeiro state through the period of 1997 to 2007, characterizing patterns and critical spaces and particular transmission conditions. Methodology: descriptive socio-spatial data study from the Health Surveillance Service / IPEC, which has been complemented by medical forms review. Case georeferencing technique was used for spatialization through home addresses. Results: 1848 cases were diagnosed with mean of 168 cases per year, and the last quadrennium totalizing 1289 cases- 2,3 more times than the last past 7 years. Women were predominantly treated (66,9%), adults (between 20 and 69 years old =53,3%), staying at home for long periods, either workers or non-workers; 33,1% in relation to 8,4% males. 16,61% told a story about trauma with plants to 66,88% trauma with animal, from these 78,1% related it to their cat and 8,8% did not mention the feline source. The Sporotrichum schenckii relation to contamination was identified by cats, by the fact of having a cat at home. 95% of patients lived in the Metropolitan Region. Georeferencing of 1681 cases (91%), showed that 1610 lived in 5 Municipality areas neighboring the Rio de Janeiro municipality. Kernel analysis brought 7 areas into evidence where the most intense transmission was shown. For the transmission patterns study two localities were identified: the first one was identified as AQ-RJ and the second one was identified as AQ-DC, the first one was chosen because of its varied intensity during the period and the second one for the intensity at the end of that period. Using the first Kernel intensity for the analysis limit, the cases which comprehended each locality were identified, in both, genre distribution remained 2:1 female/male, with home related activities 37,5% and 62,5% respectively, this fact is differentiated from the State profile, where the mean was 41%. In these localities 58,3% and 75% patients became ill by trauma with cats, with an average of 66% having a cat in the home environment. Conclusions: cats into home environment as an option to rodent control and nature contact, are the risk factor for sporotrichosis contamination. Rats may be the bridging population between fungus and cats, mainly in places with highest transmission intensity with an appropriate environment for their spreading. Health education actions, animal treatment, vector control and sanitation improvement conditions are important ways to control the disease. Lack of disease knowledge and necessary care, in order to avoid contamination, contribute for the maintenance of cases along the years. For the actual epidemiological situation acknowledgment of human sporotrichosis in the Rio de Janeiro state, it is necessary to establish it as a Mandatory Disease Reporting at State level.

This study examines how the new temporary law (SFS 2016:752) guarantees the child’s right to mental health; focusing on the asylum-seeking unaccompanied minor. This subject is examined since the Swedish law that regulates migration got reduced to the minimum standards that can be found in the EU and in international conventions when Sweden received 163 000 asylum seekers during 2015. 35 400 of them were unaccompanied minors. This leads to the question if the new regulations jeopardize the child’s right to mental health. To answer that, this study’s theoretical ground that will be used is legal positivism. By practicing a legal-judicial method and law-based sociological method the study follows three questions; 1. What is Sweden bound to guarantee according to the Convention on the Right’s of the child, associated with the mental health of children and the provisions of the temporary law? 2. Does the temporary law constitute grounds for existential uncertainty, and is it thereby violating the child’s right to mental health? 3. What does the situation look like, related to the mental health of asylum-seeking unaccompanied minors? In relation to the Convention on the Right’s of the Child this temporary law, and the impact of it, is examined. In the discussion it is clear that not only article 24 (the child’s right to health) is fundamental to the question of mental health, but several other articles. The result of this study has shown that the temporary law clearly violates the asylum-seeking unaccompanied child’s right to mental health.

The Live-in Caregiver Program is a temporary foreign worker program that allows workers to come to Canada in order to labour as private caregivers for children, the elderly, and disabled individuals. This program allows caregivers to apply for permanent residency after the successful completion of 24 months of full time work. There are a number of scholars, advocacy groups, former caregivers, and other parties that have raised concerns about certain regulations of this program. For example, caregivers under this program have an employer-specific work permit, must live in the homes of the employers, and have no external monitoring of their work environments. Subsequently, the Live-in Caregiver Program has been seen as problematic because of the high number of abusive labour situations. This thesis is dedicated to an analysis of how the Canadian news print media represents the Live-in Caregiver Program. Although there has been much research done on migrant care work within Canada, and around the world, there are few studies on how the news media construct arguments that describe these transnational labour flows. The main topics that guided the research questions for this thesis were: temporary foreign worker programs; citizenship status; globalized, gendered, and racial stereotypes; the live-in regulation; employer specific work permits, and power relations in the labour relationship. This research was not geared to proving or disproving the main findings of key migrant domestic worker literature, rather it was focused on how these conclusions are interpreted, transferred and argued within a publically accessible format, Canadian news print media. This analysis revealed how journalists within Canadian news media construct important cultural narratives to persuade audiences to either reject the LCP as exploitative and problematic, or embrace it as economically beneficial.
Graduate

Human migration and the search for something better has been part of humankind’s existence for centuries. In today's world, migration is triggered by a variety of factors. One such factor is the influence of tax on the income of skilled employees. Although prior research has been performed to determine the influence of tax on employee migration, this research made use of complex formulae and did not focus on a South African point of view. This study aims to determine whether tax plays a role when a South African skilled worker decides to migrate to the United Kingdom (UK) or Australia with the intention of working there. The study compares the different income tax consequences of a South African resident working in South Africa versus the same South African resident working abroad. The comparison is done by analysing the income tax acts of the three different countries. The study attempts to establish the difference in tax consequences for a South African skilled employee migrating to the United Kingdom or Australia on a temporary versus a permanent basis. Examples are used to illustrate the different effects. Together with known statistics and the results of the illustrative examples, the study concluded that individuals in the United Kingdom and Australia, in most cases, pay less tax compared to individuals in South Africa. AFRIKAANS : Die migrasie van mense en die soeke na iets beters is reeds eeue lank deel van menswees. In die hedendaagse wêreld word menslike migrasie deur ʼn aantal faktore aangespoor. Een van hierdie faktore kan moontlik die impak van belasting op geskoolde werknemers wees. Alhoewel daar voorheen studies gedoen is oor die impak van belasting op werknemermigrasie, is sodanige studies deur middel van komplekse formules uitgevoer en het die fokuspunt nooit Suid-Afrikaanse werknemers ingesluit nie. Hierdie studie beoog om te bepaal of inkomstebelasting ʼn rol speel in die besluitnemingsproses van ʼn Suid-Afrikaanse werknemer wat verhuis na die Verenigde Koningryk of Australië. Om die doelwit te behaal sal die studie die verskillende belastinggevolge vergelyk van ʼn Suid-Afrikaanse inwoner wat in Suid-Afrika werksaam is versus dieselfde Suid-Afrikaanse inwoner werksaam in die buiteland. Die vergelyking word gedoen deur die verskillende inkomstebelastingwette van die drie lande te ontleed. Die studie gaan verder deur die verskillende belastingberekeninge vir ʼn Suid-Afrikaanse inwoner wat na die Verenigde Koningryk of Australië verhuis het op ʼn tydelike basis versus ʼn permanente basis uit te voer. Voorbeelde word gebruik om die verskillende gevolge te illustreer. Copyright 2011, University of Pretoria. All rights reserved. The copyright in this work vests in the University of Pretoria. No part of this work may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, without the prior written permission of the University of Pretoria. Please cite as follows: Reyneke, D 2011, An international taxation comparison of South African employees working abroad, MCom dissertation, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, viewed yymmdd < http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-03072012-165447 / > F12/4/155/gm
Dissertation (MCom)--University of Pretoria, 2012.
Taxation
unrestricted

碩士
國立臺灣師範大學
地理學系在職進修碩士班
93
The Temporal-Spatial Evolution of Weekend Recreation Activities of Hsinchu Residents ABSTRACT Applying the leisure and tourism theories, behavioral geography and time geography, this thesis explores the evolution of weekend recreation activities of the residents in Hsinchu area during the last 50 years. It examines, in three stages of allowed vacation length, the changed preference of the people as reflected in different time use patterns and different characteristics of the places visited. Before 1966 when there was only one day off per week, most Hsinchu residents, while still in the midst of agricultural society, limited their outdoor recreation to a few popular scenic spots such as the Municipal Zoo, Grassy Lake, Mountain of Eighteen Peeks, and various local temples where people blended leisure with religious activities. During 1966 – 2000 when one and half day off per week was the standard practice and income augmented, recreation impetus increased. The space of leisure activities expanded to outside of Hsinchu and overnight stay was expected for distant scenery and natural exploration. Tasting fine food, golfing, and bathing in hot-spring became popular. Since 2001 when 40 working hours a week was legislated, especially after the government mandated the two days off for civil servants, the sphere of weekend recreation of Hsinchu residents has further extended to the whole island of Taiwan, with concentration to North and Central regions of course. Some people now even go abroad such as Hong Kong and Macau for a weekend. The principle factors that can be attributed to causing the continuous change of leisure practice of Hsinchu residents include: the increase of time and monetary budget, the developments of scenic spots within reach of the people, and social, economic, and transportation advances in Taiwan. Key words: Hsinchu residents, weekend recreation activities, scenic spots, behavioral geography, time geography

Thesis (M.P.H.), Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, 2009
Background: The rural South African population is characterised by high and stable levels of male temporary migration and rapidly rising levels of female temporary migration, with approximately 60% of men and 20% of women between the ages of 20 and 60 years absent from the home for more than 6 months of the year. Despite the magnitude of this social phenomenon, limited research exists analysing its effect on child care and children’s residence patterns. Objectives: The purpose of this study is to examine temporary labour migration patterns as a household coping strategy in rural northeast South Africa in 2002 and 2007, describe characteristics of the children left behind, and to assess the effect of temporary migration on child care patterns, specifically analysing household variation in child care and residence by sex and refugee status of the migrant. Methods: An analytic cross-sectional study was conducted on approximately 83,000 individuals in 14,000 households in 25 villages of the Agincourt sub-district of the Bushbuckridge region of Limpopo Province. Data was collected in a special module on temporary migration incorporated into the annual Agincourt Health and Demographic Surveillance System census update in 2002 and 2007. Secondary analysis of the data utilised descriptive statistics and Pearson Chi2 tests of association. Results: The proportion of temporary migrants in the population rose between 2002 and 2007 and now constitutes nearly one-fifth of the population. Nearly three-quarters – 13% of the total population – are labour migrants. A slight increase in the proportion of female and Mozambican descent migrants is observed. Today, three-quarters of temporary labour migrants are male and one-quarter female, three-quarters are South African descent and more than one-quarter are Mozambican descent. Temporary labour migrants with children constitute nearly 6% of the total population. Temporary labour migrants overwhelmingly rely on a single care strategy. Complex care arrangements are far less common, constituting the response of only 5% of migrants. Highly complex care arrangements are rare, but do exist. Child care strategies are becoming increasingly complex over time for all migrants. Female migrants and migrants of South African descent are more likely than male and Mozambican descent migrants to rely on complex care arrangements. The overwhelming majority of migrants keep all children in the same household, maintaining relative stability in care and residence, 10% move children with them, 2% move children elsewhere for care and less than 1% move a childcarer into the household while they are away for work. Less stable child care arrangements are increasingly utilised over time. If the migrant is male, children are more likely to remain in the same household; if the migrant is female, children are more likely to move with the migrant. Approximately one-fifth of children in the population are effectively left behind by temporary labour migrants today, a decline from nearly one-third in 2002. There is significant variation in child care, residence and decision-making authority among relatives: mothers and stepmothers provide the majority of care in the absence of a migrant, with grandmothers a secondary and female siblings and aunts a tertiary source of child care.

The common bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops truncatus) is a cosmopolitan cetacean species distributed all over the world, except in the poles. This species is also one of the most sighted in the island of São Miguel, Azores, however it is still poorly studied. This thesis describes the spatial and temporal distribution of bottlenose dolphins sighted off São Miguel and presents a catalogue with the individuals identified between 2014 and 2019. Furthermore, their degree of residency around the island of São Miguel is also assessed. Data was collected using as opportunistic platforms of observation the whale watching boats of Futurismo Azores Adventures, a company with main base port in Ponta Delgada, on the south of the island. Two datasets were used: the first includes the information from the bottlenose dolphin sightings registered between 2010 and 2019, and it was used to analyse spatial and temporal distribution of bottlenose dolphins around the island; the second dataset includes pictures taken during the whale watching trips from 2014 until 2019, and it was used to build a catalogue with the individuals identified during that period, look for residency patterns and associations among the residents. The results revealed a preference for shallower waters indicating a higher number of sightings in depths lower than 500m. The presence of bottlenose dolphins varied between seasons and inter-annually, with higher occurrences during the warmer months. This pattern has been seen in other studies and it could be related to higher concentration of prey after a peak in phytoplankton in the previous months. From the 505 individuals identified only 52 dolphins were considered residents. Within these dolphins there were four possible associations between several individuals based on the dates they were encountered on. This study is the first to present a catalogue with individuals from São Miguel and one of the first to analyse the spatial and temporal distribution of bottlenose dolphins in the island. Further research would be needed to contribute to the overall knowledge of this species in São Miguel and support proper management and conservation plans for the species in this area.
O golfinho roaz (Tursiops truncatus) é uma espécie cosmopolita, com uma ampla distribuição por todos os oceanos, exceto nas altas latitudes, podendo habitar em águas ao longo dos continentes, em lagos e mares fechados, águas oceânicas e em redor de ilhas. Por preferirem diferentes habitats, os golfinhos roazes foram divididos em dois ecótipos- costeiro e oceânico- que divergem em características como a genética, morfologia, fisiologia e tipo de alimentação. Os indivíduos que habitam em áreas mais abertas, como em redor de ilhas oceânicas, tendem a formar grandes populações, com vastas deslocações e baixa fidelidade à área, enquanto populações que habitam em zonas costeiras ou fechadas como estuários são normalmente mais pequenas e com maior fidelidade. A Ilha de São Miguel, uma das nove ilhas do arquipélago dos Açores, encontra-se no meio do oceano Atlântico numa localização privilegiada para vários mamíferos marinhos, tanto os que residem ao seu redor como aqueles que simplesmente passam durante a sua rota migratória. A ocorrência de correntes juntamente com a complexa batimetria favorece a produção primária, permitindo que o alimento de vários predadores de topo cresça. Atualmente por razões logísticas e monetárias, muitos estudos de mamíferos marinhos são feitos com recurso a dados oportunistas, recorrendo muitas vezes a empresas de observação de cetáceos. Estas empresas estão presentes em várias ilhas do arquipélago dos Açores, algo que antes da década de 90 era impensável devido à caça da baleia, que, entretanto, foi abolida na década de 80. Embora esta forma de recolher dados apresente algumas limitações é sem dúvida uma mais-valia em estudos de curto e longo prazo, para o conhecimento destes animais e também por serem indispensáveis para o desenvolvimento de medidas de proteção das espécies. Em São Miguel, o golfinho roaz é uma das espécies mais avistadas, sendo observada durante todo o ano em viagens de observação de cetáceos. No entanto, a informação disponível sobre estes golfinhos é limitada. No arquipélago dos Açores, vários estudos foram feitos em tópicos como estrutura da população, padrões de residência e movimentos, ocorrência e distribuição e também abundância. No entanto, embora tenham sido recolhidos bastantes dados ao longo dos anos, a maior parte do esforço utilizado para estes estudos foi feito no grupo central, dividido entre as ilhas do Pico e do Faial. Em São Miguel muito pouco se sabe sobre a distribuição, variação sazonal e padrões de residência desta espécie. Este estudo é o primeiro a avaliar a distribuição temporal e espacial de golfinhos roazes e possíveis graus de residência na costa Sul de São Miguel. Entender a dinâmica e a distribuição espacial e temporal desta população local é necessário para o reconhecimento de áreas importantes para estes indivíduos, entender o estado da população e para a implementação de medidas de conservação efetivas. Neste estudo foram utilizadas duas bases de dados, sendo uma delas com informação sobre a ocorrência dos avistamentos de golfinhos roazes durante 10 anos (2010-2019) e outra com fotos desta espécie tiradas num período de seis anos (2014-2019). Estes dados foram recolhidos de forma oportunista em viagens de observação de cetáceos da empresa Futurismo Azores Adventuures com base em Ponta Delgada. As bases de dados foram usadas para analisar a distribuição espacial e temporal e criar um catálogo de foto-identificação, respetivamente. Este estudo pretende entender o espaço utilizado pelos golfinhos e a existência de diferenças anuais e sazonais no número de encontros e identificar possíveis residentes através da utilização do catálogo. Como objetivo secundário será necessário comparar as variações de temperatura superficial da água e concentração de clorofila-a com os dados de avistamentos e taxa de encontros, de modo a verificar se estes se relacionam. Para além disso será necessário verificar a ocorrência e identificar associações (grupos) utilizando o catálogo. Para o catálogo foram usadas apenas fotos de golfinhos que pudessem ser identificáveis, com marcas proeminentes na barbatana dorsal como cortes e/ou pigmentação. Os resultados relacionados com a distribuição espacial revelaram dois locais de concentração de avistamentos, um localizado a sul de Ponta Delgada e outro entre Lagoa e Caloura. A distância dos encontros à costa deu-se, maioritariamente, abaixo dos 4 km, embora seja visível um aumento da mesma durante o verão e o outono. As profundidades a que foram encontrados revelam preferência por águas pouco profundas, abaixo dos 400 m. A preferência por estas áreas costeiras parece estar relacionada com vários fatores, como a possível maior produção primária verificada nestas zonas e a proteção à predação e competição. Em relação à distribuição temporal verificou-se que existem variações notáveis no número de avistamentos nos distintos anos. Similarmente, embora os roazes possam ser avistados durante todo o ano, houve uma grande variação no número de ocorrências entre meses frios e quentes. Como esperado, tendo em conta os resultados de outros estudos, a época em que mais vezes foram avistados golfinhos roazes foi nos meses mais quentes entre junho e agosto. Esta maior concentração nos meses quentes parece estar relacionada com o aumento de presas na área, resultado de um máximo de clorofila que ocorreu nos meses anteriores, desencadeando uma cadeia trófica que aumenta a abundância de pequenos peixes de cardume, um tipo de presa que faz parte da dieta habitual destes golfinhos. Por outro lado, a temperatura da superfície do mar atinge no verão os seus valores máximos o que também parece agradar aos golfinhos, especialmente às fêmeas, originando boas condições para que estas tenham as suas crias. Estes resultados sugerem que a disponibilidade de presas é um fator importante para a distribuição espacial e temporal da espécie. Em relação aos resultados obtidos através da foto-identificação, estes mostram que apenas 52 golfinhos dos 505 identificados foram avistados frequentemente em diferentes estações e em diferentes anos mostrando assim grande fidelidade à área, podendo ser considerados residentes. A maioria dos golfinhos foi avistada apenas uma ou duas vezes durante o período estudado e provavelmente estavam apenas de passagem pela ilha. Através da análise das datas dentro do grupo dos residentes verificou-se a existência de quatro possíveis associações diferentes de golfinhos, o que leva a crer que dentro da mesma população existem golfinhos com mais afinidade e por isso encontram-se juntos durante vários anos. Como a informação sobre os golfinhos roazes em São Miguel é limitada e sendo esta uma espécie bastante móvel num ambiente dinâmico, é extremamente necessário a contribuição de mais estudos, de forma a aumentar o conhecimento geral, mas também para fornecer informação realista ajudando a implementar planos de gestão e conservação eficazes, ao redor da ilha.

Tese de mestrado, Biologia (Biologia da Conservação), Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Ciências, 2015
A falta de informação que ainda existe sobre as populações de roazes-corvineiros (Tursiops truncatus) que habitam estuários influencia a compreensão do estatuto vulnerável das mesmas. Este é resultado das ameaças antropogénicas a que estão sujeitas pela localização próxima de zonas urbanas e industrializadas. Existiu assim um esforço de estudo e inovação tecnológica na análise das mudanças ambientais antropogénicas que influenciam as interacções dos organismos com os elementos do seu ambiente. No caso particular dos animais marinhos, a utilização de informação espacial sobre a forma de mapas torna-se essencial pela falta de informação, que muitas vezes existe sobre os seus movimentos e utilização do habitat. O trabalho aqui apresentado tem assim como objectivo a elaboração do mapa de aplicabilidade do método goniométrico no interior do estuário do Sado e linha costeira imediatamente adjacente, usado no estudo da utilização espacial do estuário pela população residente de roazes. Foi assim usado o método goniométrico para observação e posicionamento dos roazes e para definição dos valores limite de leitura no interior do estuário, de ângulos mortos de observação a partir dos pontos de observação e da definição de áreas de incerteza na medição devido à existência de colinearidade inerente ao método e à distância entre os alvos e os pontos de observação, tanto no interior do estuário como na linha costeira imediatamente adjacente. A aplicabilidade do método goniométrico varia a sua eficiêncie para diferentes zonas do estuário, apresentando valores óptimos para 18% da área de estudo e permitindo confirmar com rigor a utilização diferencial do estuário do Sado pela população residente de roazes, com clara preferência pelo canal Sul e pela zona da Barra (98,6% dos posicionamentos verificados). A aplicabilidade do método será restrita ao limite de leitura do método de dez quilómetros no interior do estuário e limitada pela existência de sete ângulos mortos de observação a partir do Forte de S. Filipe e do terraço do Tróia Design Hotel, de duas áreas de incerteza na recolha de dados devido à existência de colinearidade e de três zonas de incerteza devido à distância aos pontos de observação. O método goniométrico demostra ainda assim desvantagens, pois apesar de permitir a recolha de dados sobre os alvos à distância, fora da zona de aplicabilidade óptima não permite um posicionamento rigoroso de alvos no estuário, apresentando erros consideráveis segundo a escala da área de estudo amostrada.
The lack of information that still exists about populations of bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus) inhabiting estuaries influences the understanding of their vulnerable condition due to the anthropogenic threats they are subjected to by their location near urban and industrialized areas. Thereby there was an effort with studies and technological innovation in the analysis of anthropogenic environmental changes that influence the interactions between organisms and the elements of their environment. In the particular case of marine animals the use of spatial information in the form of maps becomes essential due to the lack of information that often exists about their movements and habitat use. The work here presented aims to elaborate a map of the applicability of the goniometric method in the Sado estuary and adjacent shoreline, used in the study of the spatial use of the estuary by the resident population of bottlenose dolphins. Therefore the goniometric method was used in the observation and precise positioning of bottlenose dolphins and on the definition of the limit for observation in the estuary, dead angles of observation from the observation sites and of areas of uncertainty due to the existence of collinearity inherent to the method and to the distance between the targets and the observation sites, both inside the estuary and in the immediately adjacent shoreline. The applicability of the goniometric method varies its efficiency for different areas in the estuary, being optimized for 18% of the study area and enabling the confirmation of the differential use of the Sado estuary by the resident population of bottlenose dolphins, with preference for the south canal and the estuary inlet (98,6% of the positions verified). The applicability of the method is restricted by the limit for observation at ten kilometers inside the estuary and limited by the existence of seven dead angles of observation from the St. Filipe fortress and from the terrace of the Tróia Design Hotel, by two areas of uncertainty in data sampling due to collinearity and three areas of uncertainty due to the distance to the observation sites. The goniometric method still demonstrates disadvantages since despite allowing the collection of data on study subjects at a distance, outside of the optimized applicability zone it don’t allows accurate positioning of targets in the estuary, being associated with considerate error when taking into consideration the scale of the study area sampled.

Temporary residence permit for partners of EU citizens Abstract This thesis is focused on the administrative proceedings on the application for the granting of the temporary residence permit for the partners of EU citizens being considered as their family members. This paper analyses two statutory substantive conditions (permanent partner relationship (common-law marriage) that is not a marriage and cohabitation in a common household) and one procedural condition (the burden of proof lays primarily upon the applicant), which need to be fulfilled c umulatively i n o rder t o b e a ble to consider a partner of an EU citizen as a family member of an EU citizen and so more favourable treatment stated in the Directive 2004/38/ES can be applied. I have found that a common-law marriage shall be an analogy of the marriage in terms of its nature and intensity; its permanency is especially a question of quantity, i.e. length of its duration, however it shall not be the only aspect, it is also needed to take into consideration the quality of the relationship, which can rest for example in a common obligation. Not only common past is therefore decisive, but also the planned common future. Cohabitation in a common household can be defined a s a n i n a dvance n ot t ime l imited c ohabitation of a common-law wife and...

La problématique des réfugiés fait partie du cadre plus large des politiques migratoires et de la migration internationale en général. Étant un pays d’immigration, le Canada a dû composer avec plusieurs vagues migratoires et s’y adapter en changeant sa politique d’immigration (au niveau fédéral et provincial) en définissant, en termes numériques, les objectifs annuels d’admission des immigrants (le nombre souhaité d’immigrants), ainsi que les objectifs politiques, humanitaires, économiques et démographiques à long terme. Le groupe visé par le présent rapport (les demandeurs d’asile et les réfugiés) se distingue de toute autre catégorie d’immigration par la spécificité de sa condition - une fuite involontaire et une absence de protection des autorités nationales de leur pays. Au plan international et dans le cadre de la politique canadienne, un réfugié: « l’individu qui fuit la persécution » devient un «demandeur d’asile » au moment de faire face à un processus de reconnaissance du statut de réfugié, conforme aux définitions, aux lois et à la politique d’immigration canadiennes. Les étapes de ce processus sont importantes, parce qu’elles établissent une continuité de la demande d’asile, mais aussi parce qu’elles influencent la comptabilisation et les statistiques sur les demandeurs d’asile et les réfugiés. Les données de Citoyenneté et Immigration Canada figurent parmi les rares sources disponibles donnant à la fois des informations sur les demandeurs d’asile et les réfugiés. Cette population au Canada est mal connue et assez difficile à décrire à cause de la faiblesse des statistiques. Du point de vue démographique, une meilleure connaissance du nombre et de l’évolution des immigrants de la catégorie « demandeur d’asile » ou « réfugié », ainsi que de leurs caractéristiques sociodémographiques (sexe, âge, scolarité, connaissances linguistiques, pays d’origine, etc.) aide à cerner leurs besoins en services et à leur fournir des politiques adéquates d’intégration à la culture et à la vie canadiennes.
The problem of refugees is part of the broader framework of migration policies and international migration in general. As a country of immigration, Canada has had to deal with several waves of migration and to adapt its immigration policy (at the federal and provincial level) by defining, in numerical terms, the annual targets for the admission of immigrants (the desired number of immigrants), as well as its political, humanitarian, economic and demographic objectives. The target group for this report (the asylum seekers and refugees) differs from any other category of immigration by a specific condition – an inadvertent leak and a lack of protection from the national authorities of their country. At the international level and in the context of Canadian politics, a refugee: “the individual who is fleeing persecution” becomes an “asylum seeker” when engaging a process of recognition of refugee status, consistent with the Canadian immigration policy. The steps involved in this process are important because they establish continuity in the application process for asylum, but also because they influence the accounting and statistics on asylum seekers and refugees. The data from Citizenship and Immigration Canada are among the few sources available that provides indication on both asylum seekers and refugees. From a demographic point of view, a better knowledge of the number and the evolution of the immigrants of the category “asylum seeker” or “refugee”, as well as of their sociodemographic characteristics (sex, age, education, language skills, country of origin, etc.) help to identify their needs in services and to provide them with adequate policies of integration to Canada.

Tese de mestrado, Psicologia (Secção de Psicologia Clínica e da Saúde, Núcleo de Psicologia Clínica Sistémica), Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Psicologia, 2016
O crescente fenómeno migratório no cenário contemporâneo origina diversas repercussões de âmbito social, económico e familiar dos sistemas envolvidos. O contexto familiar tem sido pouco investigado no âmbito dos estudos sobre migração, especificamente o contexto português de crescentes taxas de saída do País. Assim, a presente investigação tem como finalidade analisar dimensões psicológicas individuais e relacionais de emigrantes portugueses, comparativamente a portugueses residentes. Trata-se de um estudo exploratório quantitativo com o objectivo de verificar as diferenças nos dois grupos, comparando a amostra residente e emigrante relativamente às variáveis satisfação com a vida, perspectiva temporal, satisfação conjugal e significado dos rituais familiares. A amostra compõe-se por indivíduos (N=287) divididos em duas amostras - residentes e emigrantes - em situação de conjugalidade e coabitação, com idade média de 39 anos para as mulheres e 40 anos para homens. Os resultados revelaram diferenças significativas para todas as variáveis psicológicas investigadas, sendo que os indivíduos emigrantes apresentaram níveis significativamente mais elevados de satisfação com a vida e perspectiva temporal nas dimensões presente positivo e futuro positivo, comparativamente à amostra nacional. Concluiu-se que as médias das variáveis satisfação conjugal e rituais familiares eram significativamente mais baixas para indivíduos em situação de emigração, sendo mais elevadas nos indivíduos residentes em Portugal. Os resultados são discutidos levantando-se hipóteses para os dados obtidos. Tendo em conta os resultados e as limitações do presente estudo, consideramos fundamental que mais investigações explorem progressivamente as questões associadas às transformações familiares decorrentes dos movimentos migratórios.
The current growing migration phenomenon has many repercussions on the involved systems, on a social, economic and familial level. There is a lack of investigations into the family context regarding migration, and specifically into the Portuguese reality with its increase in emigration rates. This investigation aims to analyze individual and relational psychological dimensions of Portuguese emigrants in comparison to Portuguese residents. This exploratory quantitative study compares these two groups, looking for differences on satisfaction with life, time perspective, marital satisfaction and meaning of family rituals. The sample is composed of participants (N=287) in a marital and cohabitation status, divided into two subsamples – residents and emigrants – with a mean age of 39 years for women and 40 years for men. Results indicated significant differences for all psychological variables considered, with emigrants revealing higher levels of satisfaction with life and in two dimensions of time perspective - positive present and positive future. It was concluded that marital satisfaction and family ritual means were significantly lower for emigrants than residents. The results are discussed, proposing hypotheses for the obtained data. Considering the results and limitations of the present study, we consider it fundamental that more investigations progressively explore the issues related to family transformations resulting from migration.

Журба В. В. Забезпечення та захист прав на освіту іноземних громадян в Україні : кваліфікаційна робота магістра спеціальності 081 "Право" / наук. керівник А. А. Шарая. Запоріжжя : ЗНУ. 2020. 103 с.
UA : Кваліфікаційна робота складається зі 103 сторінок, містить 75 джерел використаної інформації. Право на освіту це одне з найбільш важливих конституційних прав. В Україні добре розвинута сфера освіти, зокрема це якісна підготовка фахівців у різних галузях, і вона є у відкритому доступі для всіх бажаючих і це приваблює іноземних громадян. Для українських закладів вищої освіти важливим фактором в освіті є не тільки число іноземних громадян, а якість, бо висококваліфіковані здобувачі вищої освіти – це ті здобувачі, які представляють українську освіту за кордоном. Однією з важливих форм міжнародного співробітництва для закладів вищої освіти є підготовка здобувачів вищої освіти з числа іноземних громадян. Вона не тільки сприяє зміцненню авторитету України на міжнародній арені, а й є суттєвим джерелом додаткового фінансування освіти. Протягом останніх років спостерігається поступове зростання чисельності здобувачів вищої освіти з числа іноземних громадян, які прибувають на навчання до закладів вищої освіти: 2016 рік – 64066 осіб, 2017 рік – 66310 осіб, 2018 рік – 75605 осіб, 2019 рік – 80470 осіб. Мета роботи є докладний аналіз забезпечення та захист прав на освіту іноземних громадян в Україні. Об’єктом кваліфікаційної роботи є суспільні відносини в сфері забезпечення та захисті прав на освіту іноземних громадян в Україні. Предметом дослідження є забезпечення та захист прав на освіту іноземних громадян в Україні.
EN : Research Paper: 103 pages, 75 references. The right to education is one of the most important constitutional rights. Ukraine has a highly developed system of education, in particular, it is a high-quality training of specialists in various areas, which is in the public domain for everyone and this attracts foreign citizens. For Ukrainian higher education institutions, an important factor in education is not only the number of foreign citizens, but also the quality, because highly qualified applicants for higher education are those who represent Ukrainian education abroad. One of the most important forms of international cooperation for higher education institutions is the preparation of higher education applicants from among foreign citizens. It not only contributes to strengthening the authority of Ukraine in the international arena, but is also a significant source of additional funding for education. In recent years, there has been a gradual increase in the number of applicants for higher education from among foreign citizens who come to study in higher education institutions: 2016 – 64066 people, 2017 – 66310 people, 2018 – 75605 people, 2019 – 80470 people. The objective of the research paper is a detailed analysis of Promotion and Protection the Right to Education of Foreign Citizens in Ukraine. The object of the research paper is public relations in the field of Promotion and Protection the Right to Education of Foreign Citizens in Ukraine. The subject of the research paper is to Promotion and Protection the Right to Education of Foreign Citizens in Ukraine. The methodological basis of the research is a set of philosophical and general scientific principles, approaches and special scientific methods of cognition of constitutional and legal phenomena, the use of which allowed to obtain scientifically sound results. Such general scientific methods as: analysis and synthesis, deduction and induction, structural-functional method, etc. are used in the research.

A tese A criança em perigo e os adultos que decidem por ela. Fatores de influência na morosidade processual de crianças e jovens em ambiente extra familiar temporário pretende compreender porque se mantêm algumas crianças e jovens institucionalizados/as durante períodos prolongados em situações que deveriam ser temporárias. Para cumprir este objetivo procurou-se encontrar respostas em duas frentes principais: compreendendo quais os contextos da decisão e quais os impactos dos novos paradigmas da infância, tanto aquele proposto pela sociologia, desde os anos 80, quanto ao nível jurídico, desde 1999. Foi efetuado trabalho de terreno num Centro de Acolhimento Temporário (CAT), que se estendeu durante boa parte do tempo da investigação e análise documental a 371 processos de crianças e jovens, abarcando o período entre 1996 e 2012. Foram ainda trabalhadas as perceções de dois grupos de protagonistas que têm como função decidir acerca de crianças e jovens, técnicos/as que desempenham funções em CAT e juízes/as, através de métodos intensivos. Propõe-se nesta investigação uma tipologia de situações que conduzem à institucionalização temporária, baseada nos problemas dos pais, pressupondo situações não intencionais e pensada em dois níveis de categorização, de modo a compreender os contextos sociais em que estas famílias se movimentam. É proposta também uma tipologia de atitudes dos/as técnicos/as judiciais e não judiciais, que oscilam entre o cooperante o antagonista, em estreita relação com a experiência de trabalho. Por fim propõe-se ainda uma categorização dos tipos de morosidade que foram identificados nesta investigação: morosidade intencional, cumulativa e familiar.
The thesis A criança em perigo e os adultos que decidem por ela. Fatores de influência na morosidade processual de crianças e jovens em ambiente extra familiar temporário aims to understand why are some children and young people kept under institutional care for extended periods of time when their situation should be temporary. To meet this goal we attempted to find answers in two main fronts: understanding the context where the decision is made and what are the impacts of the new paradigm about childhood, both in sociology, since the 1980’s and legally, since 1999. Fieldwork was conducted in a Centro de Acolhimento Temporário (temporary residence facility, CAT), which extended over much of the research time. We analyzed processes of 371 children and young people, covering a period between 1996 and 2012. Later we aimed to understand the perceptions of two groups of protagonists whose function is to decide about children and young people at risk, both judicial and non-judicial experts, through intensive methods. We submit, in this thesis, a typology of situations that lead to temporary institutionalizations, based on the problems of the parents, assuming the existence of unintended situations and through the categorization in at least two levels, in order to understand the social context in which these families move. It also proposes a typology of attitudes of judicial and non-judicial experts, ranging from cooperative to antagonist, in close relationship with work experience. Finally, it is also proposed a categorization of types of delays that have been identified in this research: intentional, cumulative and familiar.