Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Temps de service'
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Binart, Sixtine. "Optimisation de tournées de service en temps réel." Thesis, Lille 1, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LIL10013/document.
Full textThe field service routing problem consists in assigning the visits of technicians to clients in order to satisfy their requests for service activities such as maintenance. When planning service routes, companies have to face hazardous travel and service times. Therefore, in this thesis, we deal with a variant of the single-period field service routing problem in which travel and service times are stochastic. It is the field service routing problem with multiple depots, time windows, stochastic travel and service times and priority within customers (distinguishing mandatory and optional customers). To solve this problem, we propose three different methods. In the first one, we first build routes containing only mandatory customers and then, we insert optional customers in these routes. The second one is a heuristic method based on column generation consisting in generating a set of valuable routes for each vehicle and then in selecting one route per vehicle. The last method is a branch and price algorithm, based on the second method, in which the subproblem consists in finding feasible routes for a given vehicle, whereas the master problem consists in selecting routes while ensuring that customer’s priority is respected. After each of these methods, in order to evaluate the quality of these solutions regarding stochasticity, we use a dynamic programming algorithm and we proceed to a set of simulations of the real-time execution of the service activities over the period. All our experimentations have been made on problems coming from realistic data
Bouazizi, Emna. "Gestion de la qualité de service dans les SGBD temps réels." Le Havre, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009LEHA0003.
Full textReal-Time Database Systems (RTDBSs) are systems designed to deal with great quantities of data while respecting the applications real-time constraints. Among these applications, some of them must face transcient workloads due tu unpredictable accesses to data in the database. The aim of our work is to provide technics and mechanisms to allow to maintain a robust RTDBS behavior and to decrease the number of transactions which miss their deadline. We have proposed particularly approaches based on Feedback Control Scheduling (FCS) that allow to control the RTDBS behavior, notably during the instability phases, in order to improve the quality of service (QoS) of applications. Our first contribution is about a technique which allows to minimize the number of conflicts by creating and exploiting multi-versions data. We have studied the adaptation of the epsilon-serialisability concept in the real-time context because it allows to relax the serialisability severity for processing real-time transactions, by relaxing sometimes the strict consistency of the results and data. We have adapted the (m,k)-firm constraints, proposed firstly in real-time systems, then adapted to real-time user transactions, for update transactions in RTDBSs, while still using the Feedback Control Scheduling Architecture (FCSA). Finally, we have proposed a new policy in order to update derived data in the (FCSA)
Rodriguez, Garcia José Guadalupe. "Architecture pour le support d'applications temps réel distribuées avec CORBA." Toulouse 3, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005TOU30066.
Full textThe aim of this thesis is the analysis of technologies of Quality of service (QoS) management and CORBA. Nowadays, CORBA is the most complete specification of middleware for the implementation of object-oriented distributed applications. Technologies for QoS management include services, protocols, and architectures. CORBA specification includes services and architectures for the implementation of applications with real-time constraints (it is the RTCORBA specification) and QoS requirements. However, even if they are complementary, CORBA and IP technologies have been developed separately. In this thesis, we present our proposal for architectures for the interaction between IP-QoS technologies (particularly RSVP, IntServ, DiffServ, and MPLS) and CORBA. An architecture is proposed for CORBA profiles. Such profiles are useful for the development of distributed real-time applications, taking advantages from the capabilities of CORBA, while saving the system resources
Abdallah, Nadine. "Partitionnement temps réel multiprocesseur sous contraintes de qualité de service et d'énergie." Nantes, 2014. http://archive.bu.univ-nantes.fr/pollux/show.action?id=ba2853ac-5bcd-4057-84ae-d3bba49e871c.
Full textThesis work fits in the area of multiprocessor realtime computing under energy constraints. It aims to propose partitioning strategies for tasks on a homogeneous multiprocessor platform and to measure their performance through simulations. These strategies stand out because of their flexibility and ease of implementation for different task models: (i) hard/firm real-time constraints, (ii) implicit/constrained deadlines, (iii) synchronous/asynchronous. First, we extend and propose new partitioning strategies for systems without energy considerations. The second part of the work focuses on energy harvesting real-time embedded systems saving energy from the environment. We assume that in the studied system model each processor of the platform has its own energy reservoir with given size and that the energy source module power does not vary over time. Simulation results show that the proposed partitioning heuristics exhibit similar performances as those that can be observed with semi-partitioning approaches without their drawbacks, in particular the migration costs. These strategies have been derived with a guide for the system helping the designer in the difficult task of choosing the best dimensioning of the system characterized by its energy storage units (battery or supercapacitor) and energy harvesting modules
Li, Jian. "Garantir la qualité de service temps réel selon l'approche (m,k)-firm." Phd thesis, Institut National Polytechnique de Lorraine - INPL, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00140318.
Full textLes contributions sont (1) l'établissement d'une condition suffisante d'ordonnançabilité d'un ensemble de tâches sous l'algorithme « distance based priority »; (2) la définition de R-(m, k)-firm, un nouveau modèle qui relâche la contrainte (m, k)-firm et qui permet de modéliser de façon plus juste des exigences du temps réel souple; (3) le développement d'un algorithme efficace de dimensionnement de ressources sous contrainte (m, k)-firm relâchée; (4) la proposition de « Double Leaks Bucket » pour la gestion active de files d'attente permettant de maintenir une QdS en cas de surcharge des réseaux.
Li, Jian Song Ye-Qiong. "Garantir la qualité de service temps réel selon l'approche (m,k)-firm." S. l. : S. n, 2007. http://www.scd.inpl-nancy.fr/theses/2007_LI_J.pdf.
Full textElias-Bejjani, Jeannette. "Supervision de la qualité de service sur des systèmes distribués temps-réel /." Paris : École nationale supérieure des télécommunications, 1997. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb36168757f.
Full textLéon, Chávez Miguel Angel. "Qualité de service et ordonnancement dans les systèmes de communication temps réel." Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 2000. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/INPL_T_2000_LEON_CHAVEZ_M.pdf.
Full textIn this thesis, we are interested in special real time communication systems called Fieldbus networks, i. E. Without network nor transport layers. Most of these systems are designed to satisfy certain user time-related requirements, basically the periodic exchanges and sometimes the sporadic exchanges. Generally, the requirements are met and guaranteed by a static or off-line configuration of the message scheduling. We propose a dynamic solution in place of the static solutions. This solution takes as starting points the Quality of Service architecture defined in the wide-area networks and the Integrated service model of the Internet community which are generally used at the network layer. We propose then a dynamic resource reservation protocol which can be used by any MAC protocol of type centralized and for any topology. In addition, this protocol can accept various scheduling algorithms. It was specified in terms of state-transition systems and was validated using the ObjectGEODE tool
Jumel, Fabrice. "Définition et gestion d'une qualité de service pour les applications temps réel." Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003INPL094N.
Full textThe aim of this thesis is to provide some helps for the design of real time control system. The main contribution is to link the quality of the controlled system with the different parts of the control application's implementation. Both analytical analysis and simulation have been studied, using different models for the architecture of the control application. Those models allow a direct study of the nominal mode and have been adapted in order to propose some evaluation techniques for the safety of the control system in presence of transient faults. Finally, different scheduling techniques, especially based on "real time" resource reservation algorithms, have been presented in order to increase the quality of those applications
Lecuivre, Jérôme. "Évaluation d'architectures temps réel réparties : application à CCE." Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996INPL093N.
Full textDurrande-Moreau, Agnès. "Qualité de service et perception du temps : l'attente, propositions théoriques et études empiriques." Grenoble 2, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994GRE21006.
Full textService firms often impose some waiting time on their customers, thus encountering a problem of service quality. The issue addressed is : how to improve customers' perception of waiting time. The thesis reviews the literature relating time perception in psycholgy and business. The empirical part is based on indepth interviews and a survey of waiting customers. A model is proposed, applicable to every day life services. An empirical test is designed in the sector of public urban transports (760 respondents, manova, lisrel). The results show the influence of the duration and of the psycholgical variables identified (time style, personal characteristics, affects when waiting espacially impatience) on time perception. On the contrary, the influence of the context variables is not clear. This thesis contributes to a better understanding of the differences in time perception across customers, it proposes some recommandations. It shows that the link between real duration and customers'estimation of duration can be interpreted through assimilation-contrast theory, highlighting the role of internal references
Buder, Christian. "Les dimensions du temps : le concept de temps dans l'oeuvre de Hegel /." Berlin : Logos, 2009. http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&doc_number=017657359&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA.
Full textLeboucher, Laurent. "Algorithmique et modélisation pour la qualité de service des systèmes répartis temps réel /." Paris : École nationale supérieure des télécommunications, 1998. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37047174p.
Full textOuld, Sass Mohamed. "Le modèle BGW pour les systèmes temps réel surchargés : Ordonnancement monoprocesseur." Nantes, 2015. https://archive.bu.univ-nantes.fr/pollux/show/show?id=f97b4a19-e66c-4a8b-a74f-b09cf86d6e8c.
Full textReal-time embedded systems are found in various application domains. They have to offer an increasing number of functionalities and to provide the highest Quality of Service despite possible failures due to faults or processing overloads. In such systems, programs are characterized by upper bounds on finishing times and the QoS is assessed by the ratio of successful deadlines. In this thesis, we deal with this issue. We focus on a uniprocessor architecture in the framework of a firm real-time application that accepts deadline missing under some specified limits. Tasks are assumed to be periodic. Our first contribution lies in the proposition of a novel model for tasks which is called BGW model. It is drawn from two approaches respectively known as the skip-over model and the Deadline Mechanism. The first one provides timing fault-tolerance through passive dynamic software redundancy with two versions. The second one copes with transient processing overloads by discarding instances of the periodic tasks in a controlled and pre-specified way. We give a feasibility test for this model. In a second part, we describe the behavior of dynamic priority schedulers based on EDF (Earliest Deadline First) for BGW task sets. A performance analysis is reported which is mainly related to QoS evaluation and measurement of overheads (complexity of the scheduler). The following contribution concerns more sophisticated schedulers that permit to enhance the QoS as to improve service balancing
Marchand, Audrey. "Ordonnancement temps réel avec contraintes de qualité de service : de la théorie à l'intégration." Nantes, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006NANT2082.
Full textThe thesis work reported in this document aims at providing solutions for scheduling systems defined under firm real-time constraints. The system considered here is assumed to schedule real-time periodic tasks defined under Quality of Service (QoS) constraints. Also, it must be able to manage the occurrence of aperiodic tasks which may lead to a temporary overload of the system. First, we give an introduction to real-time systems and we provide a bibliographical synthesis about scheduling in the presence of overload. Then, we propose two novel scheduling strategies of real-time periodic tasks defined under QoS constraints using the Skip-Over model. After, we stufy the problem of scheduling hybrid task sets consisting of aperiodic tasks and periodic tasks defined under QoS constraints. The thesis contribution is focused on the use of the optimal EDL (Earliest Deadline as Late as possible) server with periodic tasks with QoS constraints. A performance study of the different models considered is reported. Then, we are interested in two evaluation criteria of those scheduling strategies in the presence of overload, namely stability and robustness. We present two novel scheduling algorithms for the Skip-Over model, based on previous works relating to fault-tolerance. Finally, in the last chapter, we present the integration of the scheduling strategies studied and proposed within the framework of the thesis, under a version of Linux for real-time. An evaluation of the integrated components is stated
Semghouni, Samy Rostom. "Modélisation stochastique des transactions temps réel." Le Havre, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007LEHA0012.
Full textReal-time database systems (RTDBSs) are systems designed to address the applications which need real-time processing of large quantities of data. An RTDBS must guarantee the transactions ACID (Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability) properties on one hand, and must schedule the transactions in order to meet their individual deadlines, on the other hand. In this thesis, we focus on stochastic and probabilistic study of the behavior of real-time transactions. The study is conducted under some assumptions such as the arrival mean of transactions, transactions type, concurrency control protocol (an optimistic and a pessimistic), and scheduling policy. We have then designed and developed a flexible and extensible RTDBS simulator, on which the study is done. The obtained results have shown that the transactions behavior can be approximated by a probabilistic model. The model is used to predict the transactions success ratio according to the system workload. We also propose a new scheduling policy for real-time transactions which uses criteria based on both transaction deadlines and transaction importance. This policy contributes to enhance the system performances (maximization of committing transactions), improving then the RTDBSs quality of service
Boutabia, Mohammed. "Continuité de service dans les réseaux sans fils hétérogènes pour les applications à contrainte de temps." Phd thesis, Institut National des Télécommunications, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00594726.
Full textFerdean, Corina. "Enforcing service-specific replica consistency models and response time requirements for heterogeneous replicated services." Paris 6, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA066361.
Full textMartin, Steven Minet Pascale George Laurent. "Maîtrise de la dimension temporelle de la qualité de service dans les réseaux." Créteil : Université de Paris-Val-de-Marne, 2004. http://doxa.scd.univ-paris12.fr:80/theses/th0215028.pdf.
Full textMartin, Steven. "Maîtrise de la dimension temporelle de la qualité de service dans les réseaux." Paris 12, 2004. https://athena.u-pec.fr/primo-explore/search?query=any,exact,990002150280204611&vid=upec.
Full textNew applications in the Internet need, from the network, quality of service (QoS) guarantees. We focus on two QoS parameters : the end-to-end response time and jitter. We propose a scheduling algorithm, denoted FP/DP, based on fixed priorities (FP), where packets sharing the same fixed priority are processed according to their dynamic priorities. The fixed priority of a flow matches its importance degree and its dynamic priority is a time parameter. FP/FIFO and FP/EDF are two examples of FP/DP scheduling. We determine deterministic bounds on the Q0S parameters considered, using the trajectory approach. For the uniprocessor case, we improve the existing results and prove that FP/EDF dominates FP/FIFO under some conditions. For the distributed case, we establish new results and show that the trajectory approach s less pessimistic than the holistic one. Our results are applied in a DiffServ/MPLS architecture
Hénocq, Xavier. "Contrôle d'erreur pour transmission de flux vidéo temps réel sur réseaux de paquets hétérogènes et variant dans le temps." Rennes 1, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002REN10020.
Full textZhao, Yanlu. "Exploring and optimizing data-driven service operations." Thesis, Cergy-Pontoise, Ecole supérieure des sciences économiques et commerciales, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020ESEC0004.
Full textThis work aims at investigating the optimization opportunities among several typical service industries where the digital revolution occurs. We made a few contributions in the intersection of business analytics and operations management. There are a few operational issues faced by digital service providers, which are often complicated with massive amount of data, real-time response of decisions, and intractable scale of computations. Hence, it becomes extremely important and necessary to tailor the already established optimization models or design new data-driven approaches that account for the emerging challenges occurring in the context of digital service operations. Chapter 2 studies the travel product design problem in an online travel agency by incorporating the diversity of tour packages in order to balance the customer satisfaction and supplier procurement economy-of-scale. Chapter 3 investigates the appointment scheduling problem by considering the geographical visiting distances between sale-visits appointments and the uncertainty in customer preferences. Chapter 4 is motivated by the order assignment operations in online food delivery platforms and the resulting dynamic matching problem, in searching for the appropriate market thickness and the right order driver pairs to establish matches. In the dissertation, we develop analytical models to characterize the strategic decision behavior of stakeholders, design optimal policies to support real-time decision making procedures, and infer managerial insights to help operations managers make better decisions in practice
Aouad, Hazar. "Transport de Flux Temps Réels dans un Réseau IP Mobile." Paris, ENST, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005ENST0002.
Full textIn this thesis, we study several implementation methods of the QoS (Quality of Service) in an IP network. As a first step, we model outgoing/entering flows of a mobile wireless network. We model the inter arrival law of the aggregation of the flows entering the UTRAN (UMTS Terrestrial Radio Access Network) network, the UMTS (Mobile Universal Telecommunication Service) access network. We determine also the characterizing law of the inter arrival aggregated traffic leaving a WiFi (Wireless Fidelity) network, using the 802. 11 protocol. For these two networks, we propose various models of aggregation of voice, Web, file transfer flow and a multiplexing of these various classes. In a second step, we develop the equations determining the stationary probabilities of a queue implementing a GPS (Generalised Processor Sharing) scheduler with three classes of services. By using the DiffServ mechanism to differentiate flows, we measure the QoS at the output of a single queue or a network using WRR (Weighted Round Robin), one of the algorithms approximating GPS. We then plot the various curves of delays and loss probabilities observed at the output of this queue according to weight and the load created by each class. In a third step, we develop a method of dynamic adaptation of the routing. We propose it in order to solve the problem with the variations of the delay distribution on the links forming the end to end path. This mechanism is based on network tomography techniques in order to estimate the delay distribution on the various sections of the paths observed
Clouet, Hadrien. "Aux guichets du temps partiel : transactions temporelles dans le service public d'emploi allemand et français." Thesis, Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018IEPP0022/document.
Full textSince the 1970s, part-time employment has grown in the German and French labour markets. The relation between public intermediation and part-time employment is the subject of this thesis. Our comparative analysis is based on ethnographic immersion in four agencies, a quantitative analysis of 2000 job offers stored in the agencies files and a socio-historical inquiry concerning the unemployment benefit systems. With these data, we expose the temporal transactions experienced by the unemployed during their institutional treatment. Within the agencies, the working hours sought by the unemployed represent a tool with three functions: managing the registered users, matching employers and jobseekers, and arbitrating the relation between capital and labour. These hours are mobilized, manipulated and negotiated during the compulsory interviews between caseworkers and unemployed. Thus, many research profiles are modified, in the sens of lowering the desired amount of employment hours. This rationing of hours is organized around three modes of regulation, always perceptible but inequally significant in the various agencies: benefits-oriented regulation, professional regulation and computerized regulation. The working hours the unemployed look for appear as an object of public action. Based on our empirical results, we show how the configuration of bureaucratic encounters establish a close relation between the social resources mobilized during the interaction and the position on the labour market. In addition, this thesis present the employment agencies as an autonomous level of employment regulation
Vernois, Solange. "Les Nabis au service de la littérature et des spectacles de leur temps (1888-1905)." Paris 1, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996PA010561.
Full textThis thesis relies on two main ideas : first, the notion of decompartmentalizing such domains as different as literature , music, the fine arts and the press, in order to abolish the frontiers between the real world and the world of dreams, as mallarme put it in "le livre". The structural analysis of poetical works is in the line of the concept developed by Baudelaire in the "correspondances" and which was highly fashionable at the time. The nabis actually contributed to creating the settings designed for symbolist plays and illustrated such great collections of poems as parallelement or sagesse by verlaine. The second point relates to the impact of the anarchistic thought on the nabis and on the cercles they moved in, and more especially on the members of "la revue blanche". Those anarchistic ideas spread through satirical newspapers, let the nabis (and Bonnard more particularly in the almanachs du père Ubu) devise a systematic analysis of language through their search for the autonomy of plastic in means of expression
Diouri, Idriss. "Propositions de méthodes pour adapter le réseau aux contraintes d'applicatons temps-réel." Thesis, Nancy 1, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010NAN10091/document.
Full textThe study of the Networked Control Systems (NCS) is based both on the identification of the application functioning requirements called Quality of Control (QoC) and on the evaluation of the Quality of Service (QoS) offered by the network. The studies on the NCS are classified according to two approaches: the control over network and the control of network. This thesis addresses the second approach and models the scheduling mechanisms implemented in the Ethernet switches that are more and more used in the industrial applications. The specific QoS parameter studied in this thesis is the delay disturbing the controlled system. This thesis proposes two models of classification of service based on WRR (Weighted Round Robin) schedulers. The first modeling follows a constructive approach by using the network calculus theory. The second is based on an identification step from numerical simulations and from the fuzzy logic. In the two cases, the purpose is both to offer enough bandwidth for the time constrained traffic and to maximize the bandwidth dedicated to the others traffics to avoid famine effects. The network calculus approach is used to configure off-line the network in respecting the NCS strict time constraints. The solution based on the fuzzy logic enables a dynamic control of the scheduler in order to tune on-line the network according to the traffic variations. This latter can be applied only to NCS with soft time constraints
Bouzid, Djamila. "Gestion du trafic temps réel dans le réseau ATM." Toulouse 3, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002TOU30037.
Full textHe, Zhihai. "Évaluation des temps de protection de produits antigivrants dans différentes conditions climatiques /." Thèse, Chicoutimi : Université du Québec à Chicoutimi, 1995. http://theses.uqac.ca.
Full textHaehl, Madeleine. "Les affaires étrangères au temps de Richelieu : le secrétariat d'État, les agents diplomatiques, 1624-1642 /." Paris : Bruxelles ; Bern ; Berlin [etc.] : Direction des Archives, Ministère des affaires étrangères ; PIE-Peter Lang, 2006. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb401725406.
Full textMifdaoui, Ahlem Fraboul Christian Francès Fabrice. "Spécification et validation d'un réseau de communication de type Ethernet Commuté pour systèmes avioniques militaires de nouvelles générations." Toulouse : INP Toulouse, 2008. http://ethesis.inp-toulouse.fr/archive/00000603.
Full textAouad, Hazar. "Transport de Flux Temps Réels dans un Réseau IPMobile." Phd thesis, Télécom ParisTech, 2005. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00103576.
Full text(Quality of Service) dans un réseau IP. Avant d'entamer nos travaux de recherche, nous
dévoilons tout d'abord les différents mécanismes de QoS que nous étudierons dans la thèse.
MPLS (Multi Protocol Label Switching), DiffServ (Differentiated Services) et les algorithmes
d'ordonnancement formeront la base du réseau coeur que nous utiliserons. En accord avec
plusieurs travaux, nous définissons trois classes de service à différencier dans le réseau. La
première classe comporte les flux voix. Elle nécessite un délai faible et une gigue réduite. Les
flux de "données critiques", qui requièrent un taux de perte faible et un délai borné, forme la
deuxième classe. La troisième classe, qui regroupe les applications telles que le transfert de
fichiers ou l'échange de courriers électroniques, n'exige aucune condition particulière du
réseau.
Dans un premier temps, nous modélisons les flux sortant/entrant d'un réseau mobile
sans fil. D'abord, nous modélisons les lois d'inter arrivée des paquets d'un flux agrégé au
niveau de la couche MAC (Medium Access Control) entrant au réseau UTRAN (UMTS
Terrestrial Radio Access Network), le réseau d'accès à l'UMTS (Universal Mobile
Telecommunication Service). Le protocole CDMA (Code Division Multiple Access) utilisé
dans ce réseau propose un accès différent en fonction de la QoS demandée. Ensuite, nous
déterminons la loi caractérisant l'inter arrivée des paquets sortant d'un réseau WiFi (Wireless
Fidelity) utilisant la couche MAC 802.11 de base. Pour ces deux réseaux, nous proposons
différents modèles d'agrégation de flux voix, Web, transfert de fichiers ou un multiplexage de
ces différentes classes. Nous mesurons l'adéquation de deux modèles de loi de distributions
aux traces créées. La première distribution est le processus MMPP (Markov Modulated
Poisson Process) qui représente un modèle Markovien. Nous expérimentons deux valeurs du
nombre d'états: 2 et 4. La seconde loi que nous considérons est la loi Gaussienne. Nos
résultats montrent que d'une part, le type des flux agrégés et d'autre part, le réseau utilisé,
influent tous les deux sur le modèle produit.
Dans un second temps, nous développons les équations qui déterminent les
probabilités stationnaires d'une file d'attente implémentant l'ordonnanceur GPS (Generalised
Processor Sharing) avec trois classes de service. En utilisant le mécanisme DiffServ pour
différencier les flux, nous mesurons la QoS à la sortie d'une file unique utilisant WRR
(Weighted Round Robin), un des algorithmes qui approximent GPS. Nous traçons alors les
différentes courbes de délai et de taux de perte observés à la sortie de cette file en fonction de
la pondération et de la charge créée par chacune des classes. Nous appliquons les différentes
conclusions du choix des paramètres que nous tirons d'un seul serveur à un réseau entier. De
plus, nous ajoutons l'ingénierie de trafic de MPLS pour quantifier le gain mesuré par chaque
politique. A partir de ce travail, nous avons pu généraliser nos constatations qui deviennent
valable aussi bien sur une file que dans un réseau.
Dans un troisième temps, nous développons une méthode d'adaptation dynamique du
routage. Nous la proposons afin de palier aux variations de la distribution du délai sur les
liens qui forment le chemin de bout en bout. Ce mécanisme se base sur les techniques de
tomographie des réseaux afin d'estimer la distribution du délai sur les différents tronçons des
chemins observés. Si le délai moyen sur la route utilisée reste supérieur d'un seuil ε pendant
un temps τ au délai moyen d'un autre chemin, le mécanisme déclenche alors la procédure de
modification du chemin emprunté. C'est l'utilisation du protocole MPLS associé à ce
mécanisme qui permet une modification souple et rapide des itinéraires.
Vallée, Sven. "Algorithmes d’optimisation pour un service de transport partagé à la demande." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LORR0063.
Full textThe purpose of this thesis is to propose efficient optimization algorithms for an on-demand common transportation system operated by Padam Mobility, a Parisian company. Formalised as a dynamic DARP, we propose three optimisation modules to tackle the underlying problem : an online module to answer real-time requests, a reinsertion module to re-insert rejected requests and a metaheuristic-based offline module to continuously optimize the rides. The proposed methods are directly implemented in the company system and extensively tested on real instances
Abdallah, Maïssa. "Ordonnancement temps réel pour l'optimisation de la qualité de service dans les systèmes autonomes en énergie." Nantes, 2014. http://archive.bu.univ-nantes.fr/pollux/show.action?id=cf544609-5d3c-45cb-9a2e-5ef19186f58d.
Full textIn this thesis, we focus on firm real-time applications allowing some timing constraints not to be meet (the ratio of satisfied constraints represents the level of Quality of Service provided by the system). These are expressed by deadlines i. E. The dates by which the jobs of the application must have completed their execution. Targeted real-time applications are very diverse such as multimedia ones or sensor networks which can occasionally tolerate some data loss. The aim of this thesis is to propose and validate through simulation, new scheduling strategies to optimize the Quality of Service. This work is based on previous works undertaken in the laboratory that focused on both real-time systems without energy consideration but subject to processing overload and autonomous energy systems without overload situations. Our contribution concerns fully autonomous systems powered by ambient energy and subject to both timing and energy constraints. Firstly, we consider a single-frequency uniprocessor system that only schedules periodic tasks (e. G. Monitoring / control), powered by an energy reservoir which is charged through an ambient energy source. The proposed Skip-Over model-based methods provide a solution to the management of both processing overload situations and energy starvation cases. Secondly, we extend our model to handle aperiodic non-critical tasks in our system. We provide a solution to the problem of minimizing the response time
El, Gholami Khalid. "La gestion de la qualité de service temps-réel dans les réseaux de capteurs sans fil." Thesis, Clermont-Ferrand 2, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014CLF22537/document.
Full textIn the last years, Wireless Sensor Networks ‘WSN’ knew a tremendous evolution which attracted many applications. WSN has several characteristics that make it a unique research field, such as, WSN nodes’ constraints and the unreliable (lossy) wireless communication. The IEEE 802.15.4 standard is the first standard designed for this type of networks known as LR-WPANs ‘Low-Rate Wireless Personal Area Network’. The energy conservation mechanism proposed by the current standard is quite efficient and very flexible. This flexibility comes from the ability to configure different duty cycles to meet specific applications’ requirements. However, this mechanism has a considerable impact on the end-to-end delay. Our approach resolves the energy/delay trade-off by avoiding the storage of the real-time data in the coordinator during sleep time, more particularly in Multi-source Multi-sink networks. A new superframe structure is adopted and a deterministic reception scheduling is used. In this thesis, we also proposed a new WPAN model for the Network Simulator 3 ‘NS-3’
Rodrigues, Americo Joao Claudio. "Un meta-modèle de composants pour la réalisation d'applications temps-réel flexibles et modulaires." Thesis, Grenoble, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013GRENM055/document.
Full textThe increase of software complexity along the years has led researchers in the software engineering field to look for approaches for conceiving and designing new systems. For instance, the service-oriented architectures approach is considered nowadays as the most advanced way to develop and integrate fastly modular and flexible applications. One of the software engineering solutions principles is re-usability, and consequently generality, which complicates its appilication in systems where optimizations are often used, like real-time systems. Thus, create real-time systems is expensive, because they must be conceived from scratch. In addition, most real-time systems do not beneficiate of the advantages which comes with software engineering approches, such as modularity and flexibility. This thesis aim to take real time aspects into account on popular and standard SOA solutions, in order to ease the design and development of modular and flexible applications. This will be done by means of a component-based real-time application model, which allows the dynamic reconfiguration of the application architecture. The component model will be an extension to the SCA standard, which integrates quality of service attributs onto the service consumer and provider in order to stablish a real-time specific service level agreement. This model will be executed on the top of a OSGi service platform, the standard de facto for development of modular applications in Java
Boquet, Pierre. "La TéléMédecine : un outil d'aménagement au service de l'homme ? : La médecine face au temps et à l'espace." Paris 4, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA040247.
Full textThe prefix tele means distance, medicine suggests intimacy, so nearby and confidential, and so Telemedicine looks contradictory. Medicine expands through time and space and must use the new technologies which have improved time savings and reduced the space distances. Referring to territories of various size and level, the paradoxical aspect of the present crisis shows a medicine, as efficient and contested at once, but with an incresing number of " medical cases " at court for conjuncture or structure reasons. It is only by adding to the medical practising rules, the new technologies so as to elaborate new rules for " a renewed medical act " so including the concept of security and equity, bound to the man humanity, which means liability and solidarity
Pastrana, Vidal Ricardo Rafael. "Vers une métrique perceptuelle de qualité audiovisuelle dans un contexte à service non garanti." Dijon, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005DIJOS060.
Full textEl, Osta Rola. "Contributions to Real Time Scheduling for Energy Autonomous Systems." Thesis, Nantes, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017NANT4044/document.
Full textReal-time energy harvesting is a technology that significantly extends the lifetime of embedded systems. This technology is limited at present by the amount of energy that can be stored in traditional batteries. Renewable energy harvesting such as that envisaged for many wireless things, allows the quasi-perpetual systems operation without human intervention because it works without periodic recharging of battery. From an energy point of view, the design of this type of autonomous system becomes more complex since this process has in addition a behavior constrained by time, and particularly has to meet latest timing deadlines. As with any real-time system, an unavoidable problem is to find a dynamic scheduling mechanism able of considering jointly two key constraints: time and energy. Thus, the main objective of this thesis is to propose and evaluate new scheduling techniques that enable the system to adopt an energy-neutral behavior while respecting the real-time constraints. More precisely, we consider here a set of mixed tasks consisting of periodic tasks and soft aperiodic tasks without deadline. The hardware architecture chosen is monoprocessor. Aperiodic tasks are only known at the time of their arrival while periodic tasks are assumed to be schedulable by the optimal ED-H scheduler. In this thesis, we will provide appropriate solutions for the following question: how to serve aperiodic tasks in order to minimize their response time without challenging the feasibility of periodic tasks. Initially, we extend the conventional server (called Background) to the context of energy harvesting by the proposal of two new servers. These techniques can be easily implemented and offer limited performance. Secondly, we propose a new server based on Slack Stealing which uses the slack time and slack energy concepts. A theoretical evaluation of this one allows us to establish its optimality. Finally, due to the relatively complex implementation of this server, we propose a new server, called Total Bandwidth. This server is based on fictive deadlines assignment with a simpler implementation. All propositions are illustrated by experimental studies that allow us to investigate the performance of new aperiodic task servers specifically designed for autonomous real-time systems
Contreras, José-Lino Sourrouille Jean-Louis. "ARTO un modèle d'objet adaptable pour la qualité de service /." Villeurbanne : Doc'INSA, 2004. http://docinsa.insa-lyon.fr/these/pont.php?id=contreras.
Full textContreras, José-Lino. "Arto : un modèle d'objet adaptable pour la qualité de service." Lyon, INSA, 2002. http://theses.insa-lyon.fr/publication/2002ISAL0069/these.pdf.
Full textApplication execution contexts have became more versatile and less predictable due to the increasing complexity of modern computer systems (multi process, distributed systems, etc. ). This situation makes more difficult the development and execution of applications affected by dynamic properties of systems, such as real time and multimedia. A partial knowledge of the execution context is not enough to build such applications and the required knowledge is more and more difficult to obtain by analytical approaches. On the other side, heuristics approaches give non optimal solutions and make uncertain non functional aspects such as timing and precision of replies. ARTO objects decrease the effect of unexpected execution context variations by dynamically adapting their behavior. They base their decisions on their own criteria and on execution context in order to satisfy the requested services. Time constraints are treated as part of the Quality of Service properties and are the main criteria for the object’s adaptation. As temporal faults may happen the solution is oriented to real time systems accepting sporadic faults
Dehaudt, Christophe. "Le duc de Guines (1735-1806) : un courtisan entre service du roi et affaires au temps des Lumières." Paris 4, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA040267.
Full textAdrian Louis de Bonnières, duke de Guines (1735-1806) was the descendant of an honorable family from the province of Artois, who - because he married into the Montmorency family and obtained the protection of Choiseul and Marie-Antoinette experienced social ascent in the latter half of the 18th century. That resulted in rapid promotion in the army (lieutenant general, member of the Comité de la guerre and the Conseil de la guerre} and in an entry into diplomatic circles (as a plenipotentiary minister in Berlin in 1769 and ambassador in London from 1770 to 1776). But that success was somehow limited (he never became a minister or a marshal of France). His successful life was also tarnished by several scandals (legal proceedings against his secretary Tort de la Sonde). Nonetheless he was a real gentleman, being refined, elegant and popular with women. He even became one of the most prominent figures at the court of France under Louis XVI. He was also famous for his musical sensibility: Mozart wrote a concerto for him. He also took an interest in the research for coal in the Artois area. But towards the end of his life he had to emigrate because he was faced with the hostility of Robespierre. He came back to France under the consulate and died in dire circumstances
Romey, Béatrice. "Chrono-ergonomie du temps de travail atypique : les nuits de travail d'un service hospitalier de réanimation chirurgie-cardiaque." Amiens, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004AMIE0017.
Full textLu, Liping Simonot-Lion Françoise. "Performances and quality of service of PLC networks for MV and LV distribution systems." Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy : INPL, 2006. http://www.scd.inpl-nancy.fr/theses/2006_LU_L.pdf.
Full textThèse soutenue en co-tutelle. Titre provenant de l'écran-titre. Bibliogr.
Chauvière, Bernard. "Des priorités fixes aux priorités dynamiques en ordonnancement temps-réel : étude comparative et calcul des priorités." Poitiers, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007POIT2347.
Full textMuhammad, F. "Ordonnancement de tâches efficace et à complexité maîtrisée pour des systèmes temps-réel." Phd thesis, Université de Nice Sophia-Antipolis, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00454616.
Full textJacquier-Duret, Claudie. "Emploi du temps en milieu hospitalier : heuristiques stochastiques d'aide à l'élaboration." Phd thesis, Grenoble 1, 1987. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00325680.
Full textMallor, Elodie. "L'évolution dans le temps du poids des dimensions de l'expérience sur la satisfaction cumulée : le cas des services hédoniques." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017AIXM0492.
Full textCustomer satisfaction and the creation of positive service experiences form part of the main stakes of companies nowadays. It is now necessary to consider these concepts in a time dynamic perspective observing their changes during the different stage of the customer relationship. It is the approach followed quantitatively and quantitatively in this thesis. We propose in the case of hedonic service experiences, to study the evolution of the structure of customer satisfaction as experiences accumulate. We focus on the specific sector of video games – an agreement has been signed with a private company. Thanks to semi-structured interviews, experts’ interviews and secondary data, the first qualitative part aims to define the customer experience around four dimensions (cognitive, affective, sensorial, social). These dimensions are confirmed in a first quantitative study with a panel of 2198 American gamers of a quest and adventure video game. A second quantitative analysis based on 2208 American gamers has been done to observe the evolution of the weight of experience dimensions on satisfaction over time. Measuring their satisfaction at three different stages of the customer relationship, the results demonstrate that, over time, there is an evolution of experience dimensions weight on satisfaction. We underline a growing role of the affective dimension as experiences accumulate. We also conclude about the importance of the cognitive dimension even if it becomes constant as the customer goes into a long-term relationship. In a managerial perspective, this thesis offers some cues to better manage the customer hedonic service experience over time
Samhat, Abed Ellatif. "La qualité de service dans le réseau d'accès radio terrestre umts basé sur IP." Paris 6, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA066398.
Full textAissani, Mohamed. "Optimisation du routage dans les réseaux de capteurs pour les applications temps-réel." Phd thesis, Université Paris-Est, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00664272.
Full textBoulianne, Hélène. "Les prédicteurs de l'état de stress et du temps de travail chez les proches-aidants d'une personne atteinte d'un trouble de l'humeur : étude exploratoire." Thesis, Université Laval, 2005. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2005/22820/22820.pdf.
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