Academic literature on the topic 'Ten pipes'
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Journal articles on the topic "Ten pipes"
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FLORESTA, F. M., C. S. VIEIRA, L. A. MENDES, and D. L. N. F. AMORIM. "Statistical analysis of the design procedure used in reinforced concrete pipes." Revista IBRACON de Estruturas e Materiais 13, no. 1 (February 2020): 69–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1983-41952020000100006.
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Abstract Structural design procedures are based on simplified hypotheses that attempt to approximate the actual behaviour. Depending on the adopted hypothesis, the design procedure may not satisfactorily describe the structural actual behaviour. Such condition occurs in the design of reinforced concrete pipes, where there are uncertainties related especially on the internal forces and the installation type of the pipe. Moreover, the main design hypothesis is that the cross section is plane and perpendicular to the deformed axis. Based on materials resistance principles it is known that this hypothesis is unsatisfactory to pipes with aspect ratio lower than ten. Note that the commercial reinforced concrete pipes usually present aspect ratio well below ten. In the light of the foregoing, the main objective of this paper is to analyse the accuracy of the design procedure for reinforced concrete pipes. Therefore, statistical processes were used to compare design values with experimental results. The comparisons in this paper showed that the design procedure results in oversized pipes.
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Jones, N., and R. S. Birch. "Influence of Internal Pressure on the Impact Behavior of Steel Pipelines." Journal of Pressure Vessel Technology 118, no. 4 (November 1, 1996): 464–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2842215.
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This article presents some experimental data recorded from 54 impact tests on pressurized mild steel pipes. The pipes were fully clamped across a span which was ten times the outside pipe diameter of 60 mm. The pipes had a wall thickness of 1.70 mm and were impacted laterally by a rigid wedge indenter at the mid-span and one-quarter-span positions. The impact velocities ranged up to 13.6 m/s and caused large inelastic indentations for the lower values and at higher values a loss of integrity which could occur underneath the indenter and/or at an end support. The critical values for the two failure energies were obtained for a range of internal gas pressures.
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Qin, Ming, Hai Tao Dai, and Ming Wei Ge. "Evaluation of Water Cooling System of 1.5MW Rotor Based on CFD." Advanced Materials Research 472-475 (February 2012): 386–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.472-475.386.
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The water cooling system of 1.5MW rotor is evaluated using Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD). 48 cooling holes are opened on the rotor stator to arrange the water cooling pipes, the temperature of inlet of the cooling water is 50 C with the velocity 1.2m/s. It is found that the air gap between the cooling pipes and holes on the stator hinders the heat exchange extensively. For this reason, the cooling system can't meet the design requirement. In order to solve this problem, the pourable silicone is filled in the gap between the cooling pipes and holes to enhance thermal conductivity. Based on this idea, ten kinds of piping arrangements are proposed, among which, nine kinds can achieve the cooling requirement.
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Jones, N., S. E. Birch, R. S. Birch, L. Zhu, and M. Brown. "An Experimental Study on the Lateral Impact of Fully Clamped Mild Steel Pipes." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part E: Journal of Process Mechanical Engineering 206, no. 2 (August 1992): 111–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1243/pime_proc_1992_206_207_02.
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This report presents some experimental data that were recorded from 130 impact tests on mild steel pipes in two drop hammer rigs. The pipes were fully clamped across a span which was ten times the corresponding outside pipe diameters which lie between 22 and 324 mm. All of the pipes except five had wall thicknesses of 2 mm approximately and were impacted laterally by a rigid wedge indenter at the mid span, one-quarter span or near to a support. The impact velocities ranged up to 14 m/s and caused various failure modes. Some comparisons between two sets of experimental results indicate that the laws of geometrically similar scaling are almost satisfied over a scale range of approximately five.
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Dohi, Masahiro, Hirotaka Kamiyama, Shin-Ichi Nishida, Yuji Kotani, and Hisaki Watari. "Manufacturing Method of Increasing Hollow Steel Shaft Thickness Using Uniaxial Pressing." Applied Mechanics and Materials 705 (December 2014): 44–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.705.44.
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In manufacturing car components, the hollow parts manufacturing method is useful for reducing the product weight, especially in drivetrain parts such as long shafts. Long, hollow shafts should have middle portions with large diameters and thin walls and end portions with small diameters and thick walls in order to reduce weight while maintaining pipe strength.Generally, such long shaft parts are manufactured by reducing the end portion of the pipes with the equivalent diameter and desired hollow part thickness for the middle portion of the parts. It is difficult for manufacturers to successfully thicken the pipe wall locally by press forming because pipes buckle easily during the process. Using thick pipe is one way to prevent buckling, but when using thick pipes, we could not reduce weight much. Automotive industries have desired a manufacturing process that can reduce pipes (relatively thin pipes) without buckling.This paper clarifies the relationships among the forming conditions and the thickening ratio (thickness after forming / thickness before forming) in uniaxial press forming by experiments and finite-element simulation. Steel pipes with 39.0mm outer diameter and 7.6mm thickness were used in the experiment. The relationship between the thickening ratio and the forming load that depends on the die shape, lubrication, and slide motion of the press machine was investigated. An appropriate manufacturing condition that could reduce pipes without buckling was obtained. We clarified that the pipe wall thickness could be increased ten percent. The details of material flows in reducing pipes without buckling were discussed using finite-element simulation.
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Mahdi Saad, Elsadig, Samer Gowid, and John John Cabibihan. "Rupture of an Industrial GFRP Composite Mitered Elbow Pipe." Polymers 13, no. 9 (May 3, 2021): 1478. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym13091478.
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This paper examines the immature rupture of glass fiber reinforced plastic composite (GFRP) mitered elbow pipes. The GFRP composite mitered elbow pipe’s lifespan was twenty-five years; however, the pipes in question experienced immature failures, resulting in the reduction of their lifetimes to seven, nine, and ten years, respectively. The GFRP cooling water mitered elbow pipe’s service conditions operate at a pressure of up to 7 bar and temperatures between 15–36 °C. The root cause of failure was determined using visual inspection, analytical, microstructural, mechanical characterizations, and chemical analysis. The initial visualization inspection revealed an improper joint between the composite overwrapped and the straight pipe sections. Mechanical properties along the axial, hoop and 45° from the axial direction were obtained. The results from the analytical analysis indicated that the elbow might withstand the operating pressure depending on the quality factor, which was confirmed to be low due to the elbow joint’s improper fabrication process. As evidence of this, the numerical analyses’ results indicated that the safety factor in withstanding the operating pressure of 5 bar is dropped down in the radial region where the thickness is reduced to simulate the failure zone. This study’s findings recommend that thickness of less than 15 mm be reinforced using overwrapped composites. It is recommended for future installations that the fabrication process be appropriately monitored and controlled and avoids using 45°/−45° fiber orientation and multiple layers of chopped strand mat glass fiber.
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Latvala, A. "Advanced Chemical Treatment with Flocculation in Pipes." Water Science and Technology 22, no. 3-4 (March 1, 1990): 195–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1990.0201.
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At the beginning of 1988 there were in Finland about ten small chemical wastewater treatment plants that were using flocculation in pipes instead of flocculation basins. This method consists of Me+++-chemical feeding, mixing, flocculation and sedimentation. Chemicals were fed into the suction openings of the wastewater pump, which is used for rapid mixing and also for pumping wastewater flow to the sedimentation basin. In the sedimentation sludge blanket sedimentation in deep vertical sedimentation basins was used. The sedimentation basin can also be used as sludge storage, if it is made sufficiently large. This method has been found especially suitable for small wastewater treatment plants, because it needs little labour and is cheap to build and to use and it is not affected negatively by fluctuations in the flow. The construction costs of this system in Finland have been about 50 % of those involved in traditional chemical package plants. The limitations of this method are its weakness in removing soluble organic load and its inability to oxygenate or remove nitrogen. However, a biological unit designed to cope with these limitations is under development.
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Horká, Lucie, and Jiri Hirs. "Simulation Study of Dry Floor Heating Systems." Applied Mechanics and Materials 887 (January 2019): 196–203. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.887.196.
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This case study is aimed at simulation of dry floor heating system. Heating pipes are inserted in system boards made of thermal insulation. These boards should be supplemented with spreader plates which are installed under the heating pipes. Impact of different thermal conductivity of spreader plates on useful heat flux and uniformity of temperature field is examined. Heat losses are also investigated. These simulations are performed using software CalA with time steady-state boundary conditions. The results show that the dry floor heating system without spreader plates has very low useful heat flux caused by positioning of heating pipes in the insulation material. On the other hand, use of spreader plates causes significant increase of useful heat flux of this system. The higher heat conductivity of spreader plates is, the higher useful heat flux is. The floor surface temperature is also more uniform and the thermal comfort is better. The minimal thickness of additional heat insulation is determined in order that heat losses are lower than ten percent of total heat flux.
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Hull, J. R. "Analysis of Heat Transfer Factors for a Heat Pipe Absorber Array Connected to a Common Manifold." Journal of Solar Energy Engineering 108, no. 1 (February 1, 1986): 11–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.3268037.
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Heat transfer factors and thermal efficiency are calculated for a heat pipe absorber array connected to a common manifold. Arrays with less than ten heat pipes are shown to have significantly less efficiency than a conventional flow-through collector. Efficiency is also sensitive to the heat transfer rate per unit temperature difference from the heat pipe fluid to the manifold fluid divided by that from the heat pipe surface to the ambient, with maximum efficiency occurring for ratios greater than 100.
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Mangs, Sara, Olle Ramnäs, and Ulf Jarfelt. "Mass Transport of Cell Gases in Carbon Dioxide Blown PET (Polyethylene Terephthalate) Foam Insulation." Cellular Polymers 24, no. 3 (May 2005): 115–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/026248930502400301.
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Polyethylene terephthalate (PET) foam is a possible replacement option for polyurethane (PUR) foam as insulation material in district heating pipes. In this study, the diffusion coefficients and activation energies of cell gases in carbon dioxide blown PET foam (densities 148–157 kg·m−3) were determined at temperatures between 23 °C and 90 °C. The foam thermal ageing due to the mass transport of air into and carbon dioxide out of the foam was about ten times slower in PET foam than in PUR foam. The thermal conductivities of the PET foam boards were determined in a heat flow meter apparatus. The contribution to the foam thermal conductivity due to conduction in the solid polymer and radiation within the cell voids was determined to 17 mW·m−1·K−1 at 20 °C. This is higher than the value estimated for PUR foam in district heating pipes, 12 mW·m−1·K−1. This contribution can probably be reduced by developing low density PET foam and reducing the cell size.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Ten pipes"
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Arirachakaran, Srihasak. "Two-phase slug flow splitting phenomenon at a regular horizontal side-arm tee /." Access abstract and link to full text, 1990. http://0-wwwlib.umi.com.library.utulsa.edu/dissertations/fullcit/9111868.
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Makki, Adham. "Innovative heat pipe-based photovoltaic/thermoelectric (PV/TEG) generation system." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2017. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/43330/.
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PV systems in practice experience excessive thermal energy dissipation that is inseparable from the photo-electric conversion process. The temperature of PV cells under continuous illumination can approach 40°C above ambient, causing a drop in the electrical performance of about 30%. The significance of elevated temperature on PV cells inspired various thermal management techniques to improve the operating temperature of the cells and hence their conversion efficiency. Hybrid PV/Thermal (PV/T) collectors that can supply both electrical and thermal energy are attractive twofold solution, being able to cool the PV cells and thus improving the electrical power output as well as collecting the thermal energy by-product for practical utilization. The challenges present on the performance of PV systems due to elevated operating temperature is considered the research problem within this work. In this research, an integrated hybrid heat pipe-based PV/Thermoelectric (PV/TEG) collector is proposed and investigated theoretically and experimentally. The hybrid collector considers modular integration of a PV absorber rated at 170W with surface area of 1.3 m2 serving as power generator as well as thermal absorber. Five heat pipes serving as the heat transport mediums were attached to the rear of the module to extract excessive heat accumulating on the PV cells. The extracted heat is transferred via boiling-condensation cycle within the heat pipe to a bank of TEG modules consisting of five 40 mm x 40 mm modules, each attached to the condenser section of each heat pipe. In principle, the incorporation of heat pipe-TEG thermal waste recovery assembly allow further power generation adopting the Seebeck phenomena of Thermoelectric modules. A theoretical numerical analysis of the collector proposed is conducted through derivation of differential equations for the energy exchange within the system components based on energy balance concepts while applying explicit finite difference numerical approach for solutions. The models developed are integrated into MATLAB/SIMULINK environment to assess the cooling capability of the integrated collector as well as the addition power generation through thermal waste heat recovery. The practical performance of the collector proposed is determined experimentally allowing for validation of the simulation model, hence, a testing rig is constructed based on the system requirements and operating principles. Reduction in the PV cell temperature of about 8°C, which account for about 16% reduction in the PV cell temperature response compared to a conventional PV module under identical conditions is attained. In terms of the power output available from the PV cells, enhanced power performance of additional 5.8W is observed, contributing to an increase of 4% when compared with a PV module. The overall energy conversion efficiency of the integrated collector was observed to be steady at about 11% compared to that of the conventional PV module (9.5%) even at high ambient temperature and low wind speeds. Parametric analysis to assess the performance enhancements associated to the number of heat pipes attached to the PV module is conducted. Increasing the number of heat pipes attached to 15 pipes permits improved thermal management of the PV cells realised by further 7.5% reduction in the PV module temperature in addition to electrical output power improvement of 5%.
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Perrot, Kévin. "Les piles de sable Kadanoff." Phd thesis, Ecole normale supérieure de lyon - ENS LYON, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00856838.
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Les modèles de pile de sable sont une sous-classe d'automates cellulaires. Bak et al. les ont introduit en 1987 comme une illustration de la notion intuitive d'auto-organisation critique.Le modèle de pile de sable Kadanoff est un système dynamique discret non-linéaire imagé par des grains cubiques se déplaçant de colonne parfaitement empilée en colonne parfaitement empilée. Pour un paramètre p fixé, une règle d'éboulement est appliquée jusqu'à atteindre une configuration stable, appelée point fixe : si la différence de hauteur entre deux colonnes consécutives est strictement supérieure à p, alors p grains chutent de la colonne de gauche, un retombant sur chacune des p colonnes adjacentes sur la droite.A partir d'une règle locale simple, décrire et comprendre le comportement macroscopique des piles de sable s'avère très rapidement compliqué. La difficulté consiste en la prise en compte simultanée des modalités discrète et continue du système : vue de loin, une pile de sable s'écoule comme un liquide ; mais de près, lorsque l'on s'attache à décrire exactement une configuration, les effets de la dynamique discrète doivent être pris en compte. Si par exemple nous ajoutons un unique grain à une configuration stable, celui-ci déclenche une avalanche qui ne modifie que la couche supérieure de la pile, mais dont la taille est très difficile à prédire car sensible au moindre changement sur la configuration.En analogie avec un sablier, nous nous intéressons en particulier à la séquence des points fixes atteints par l'ajout répété d'un nombre fini de grains à une même position, et à l'émergence de structures étonnamment régulières.Après avoir établi une conjecture sur l'émergence de motifs de vague sur les points fixes, nous nous pencherons dans un premier temps sur une procédure inductive de calcul des points fixes. Chaque étape de l'induction correspond au calcul d'une avalanche provoquée par l'ajout d'un nouveau grain, et nous en proposerons une description simple. Cette étude sera prolongée par la définition de trace des avalanches sur une colonne i, qui capture dans un mot d'un alphabet fini l'information nécessaire à la reconstitution du point fixe pour les colonnes à la droite de l'indice i. Des liens entre les traces à des indices successifs seront alors exploités, liens qui permettent de conclure l'émergence de traces régulières, pour lesquelles la reconstitution du point fixe implique la formation des motifs de vague observés. Cette première approche est concluante pour le plus petit paramètre conjecturé jusqu'ici, p=2.L'étude du cas général que nous proposons passe par la construction d'un nouveau système mêlant différentes représentations des points fixes, qui sera analysé par l'association d'arguments d'algèbre linéaire et combinatoires (liés respectivement aux modalités continue et discrète des piles de sable). Ce résultat d'émergence de régularités dans un système dynamique discret fait appel à des techniques nouvelles, dont la compréhension d'un élément de preuve reste en particulier à raffiner, ce qui permet d'envisager un cadre plus général d'appréhension de la notion d'émergence.
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Degrenne, Nicolas. "Gestion de l'Energie des Piles à Combustible Microbiennes." Phd thesis, Ecole Centrale de Lyon, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00757996.
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Les Piles à Combustible Microbiennes (PCMs) mettent en oeuvre le métabolisme de micro-organismes et utilisent de la matière organique pour générer de l'énergie électrique. Les applications potentielles incluent le traitement d'eau usée autonome en énergie, les bio-batteries, et le grappillage d'énergie ambiante. Les PCMs sont des équipements basse-tension et basse-puissance dont le comportement est influencé par la vitesse à laquelle l'énergie électrique est récupérée. Dans cette thèse, on étudie des méthodes pour récupérer l'énergie électrique de façon efficace. La tension à laquelle l'énergie est récupérée des PCMs influence leur fonctionnement et leurs performances électriques. La puissance délivrée est maximum pour une tension spécifique (environ 1/3 de la tension en circuit-ouvert). Les PCMs ont été testées à ce point en utilisant une charge contrôlée automatiquement qui inclut un algorithme de recherche de puissance maximale. Un tel outil a été utilisé pour évaluer la puissance maximum, la vitesse de consommation du combustible, le rendement Coulombic et le rendement de conversion de 10 PCMs à chambre unique de 1.3 L, construites de façon similaire. Bien que d'autres choix structurels et opératoires peuvent permettre d'améliorer ces performances, ces résultats ont étudié pour la première fois les performances des PCMs en condition de production d'énergie de point de puissance maximal et les PCMs ont été testées avec des conditions de récupération d'énergie réalistes. Récupérer un maximum d'énergie des PCMs est la ligne directrice de ce rapport. Cela est rendu possible par des circuits dédiés de gestion de l'énergie qui embarquent un contrôle contre-réactif pour réguler la tension des PCMs à une valeur de référence qui est égale à une fraction de leur tension en circuit ouvert. Deux scénarios typiques sont développés dans la suite. Une application critique des PCMs concerne le grappillage autonome de petites énergies, pour alimenter des équipements électroniques basse-puissance (e.g. capteurs sans fil). Dans ce cas, les contraintes basse-puissance et basse-tension imposées par les PCMs nécessitent des fonctionnalités de démarrage autonomes. L'oscillateur d'Armstrong, composé d'inductances couplées à fort rapport d'enroulement et d'un interrupteur normalement-fermé permet d'élever des tensions de façon autonome à partir de sources basse-tension continues comme les PCMs. Ce circuit a été associé à des convertisseurs d'électronique de puissance AC/DC et DC/DC pour réaliser respectivement un élévateur-de-tension et une unité de gestion de l'énergie (UGE) auto-démarrante basée sur une architecture flyback. La première est adaptée pour les puissances inférieures à 1 mW, alors que la seconde peut être dimensionnée pour des niveaux de puissance de quelques mW et permet de mettre en oeuvre une commande qui recherche le point de puissance maximal du générateur. Une seconde application d'intérêt concerne le cas où de l'énergie est récupérée depuis plusieurs PCMs. L'association série peut être utilisée pour élever la tension de sortie mais elle peut avoir des conséquences négatives en terme de performances à cause des non-uniformités entre cellules. Cet aspect peut être résolu avec des circuits d'équilibrage de tension. Trois de ces circuits ont été analysés et évalués. Le circuit " complete disconnection " déconnecte une cellule défectueuse de l'association pour s'assurer qu'elle ne diminue pas le rendement global. Le circuit " switched-capacitor " transfère de l'énergie depuis les MFCs fortes vers les faibles pour équilibrer les tensions de toutes les cellules de l'association. Le circuit " switched-MFCs " connecte les PCMs en parallèle et en série de façon alternée. Chacune des trois méthodes peut être mise en oeuvre à bas prix et à haut rendement, la plus efficace étant la " switched-capacitor " qui permet de récupérer plus de 85 % de la puissance maximum idéale d'une association très largement non uniforme.
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Masson, Benoît. "Des piles de sable aux automates de sable." Phd thesis, Université de Nice Sophia-Antipolis, 2006. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00144448.
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Dans cette thèse nous étudions différents systèmes dynamiques discrets permettant de simuler la formation des piles de sable. Le comportement des modèles de base SPM ou IPM(k) est bien connu dans des conditions initiales spécifiques. Nous étendons ces résultats à des conditions initiales plus générales, et nous introduisons le modèle SSPM qui ajoute de la symétrie à ces modèles et améliore leur réalisme. Dans un second temps, nous étudions un autre système dynamique, les automates de sable. Ils sont définis de manière analogue aux automates cellulaires, avec la contrainte supplémentaire qu'uneconfiguration n'admet pas de « trous ». Ces automates peuvent simuler tous les modèles de piles de sable définis localement, et à l'aide d'un cadre mathématique solide, ils permettent d'obtenir des résultats plus généraux. Nous nous intéressons à la dynamique des automates de sable, plus précisément aux propriétés de réversibilité d'un automate, et nous étudions la décidabilité de propriétés caractérisant les piles de sable classiques : conservation des grains et périodicité ultime.
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Caillard, Amaël. "ELABORATION D'ELECTRODES DE PILES A COMBUSTIBLE PAR PLASMA." Phd thesis, Université d'Orléans, 2006. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00150605.
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Cette thèse en cotutelle résulte de la collaboration entre le laboratoire français GREMI (Orléans) et le groupe australien SP3 (Université National Australienne) sur l'optimisation des piles à combustible par procédé plasma. Mon projet d'étude concerne le développement d'une électrode de pile à combustible constituée d'une nanostructure carbonée imprégnée d'agrégats de catalyseur platine, l'enjeu étant de réduire la quantité de platine tout en conservant de bonnes performances électrochimiques. Durant la première partie passée en France, des électrodes traditionnelles non catalysées ont été imprégnées d'agrégats de platine sur quelques centaines de nanomètres par pulvérisation plasma. Cette méthode a permis de réduire considérablement la charge de platine par rapport à une électrode traditionnelle catalysée chimiquement tout en réduisant légèrement ses performances. La seconde moitié de ma thèse en Australie concerna la croissance d'un support catalytique carboné de grande surface spécifique optimisé pour l'application pile à combustible. Des nanofibres de carbone (CNF) ont donc été déposées sur du papier de carbone recouvert d'une fine couche de nickel en utilisant un procédé CVD (Chemical Vapor Deposition) dans un réacteur plasma Helicon que j'ai conçu et développé. La morphologie des CNF a été caractérisée et optimisée en fonction des paramètres plasmas. Ce tapis de CNF a été imprégné d'agrégats de platine par pulvérisation plasma Helicon. Dans cette nouvelle électrode entièrement réalisée par plasma, le catalyseur dispersé est cette fois réparti sur quelques micromètres ce qui permettra d'augmenter les performances électriques de la pile.
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Bois, Chloe. "Fabrication de piles à combustible par procédés d'impression." Phd thesis, Université de Grenoble, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00844403.
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Les piles à combustibles sont une alternative à l'utilisation de ressources fossiles. Cependant, l'énergie qu'elles produisent reste chère et les procédés de fabrication actuels ne sont pas adaptés à des productions à grande échelle. Une piles de type PEMFC (Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell) essont un système constitué de cinq couches dans lequel la membrane et les deux couches de diffusion peuvent être considértestées comme support d'impression et les deux couches actives peuvent être imprimées par des procédés continus.Ce travail démontrea la pertinence du procédé d'impression appelé flexographiquee dans la fabrication de composants de PEMFC. La flexographieCe procédé offre permet de produire de grandes surfaces de production avec peu de perte de matière fonctionnelle. Malgré la faible imprimabilité des supports choisis, elle permit la fabrication des couches actives aux performances similaires à celles fabriquéesites par procédés conventionnels ont pu être réalisées grâce à la flexogaphie.
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Masson, Benoît Formenti Enrico. "Des piles de sable aux automates de sable." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2006. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00144448.
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Sibiude, Galdric. "Nanostructuration de couches actives pour piles à combustible PEM." Phd thesis, Université de Grenoble, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00684241.
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La technologie de piles à combustible PEM (Proton Exchange Membrane) voit encore sa commercialisation limitée du fait de son coût élevé. L'un des éléments les plus coûteux est le catalyseur, constitué de platine, métal noble, représentant 25 % du coût global. L'étude mise en place dans le cadre de cette thèse s'oriente vers l'amélioration de l'utilisation de cet élément. La voie de nanostructuration s'avère d'un intérêt majeur afin de maintenir des tailles de structure proposant des propriétés électrocatalytiques intéressantes. De plus, l'élaboration électrochimique de catalyseurs présente l'avantage majeur de remplir l'une des conditions nécessaires en pile à combustible : le contact électronique. La réunion des deux précédents points nous a permis de mettre en place un procédé d'élaboration électrochimique de nanostructures, ensuite charactérisées par méthodes électrochimiques et physiques afin d'évaluer et de comprendre leurs propriétés catalytiques.
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Nield, Maren Noel. "Charming Child-Snatchers: Forming the Bogeyman in The Pied Piper, Peter Pan, and The Ted Bundy Tapes." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2020. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/8433.
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In January 2019, Netflix released the unexpectedly popular Conversations with a Killer: The Ted Bundy Tapes. Joe Berlinger, true crime director, compiled interviews with Bundy, law enforcement authorities involved with Bundy’s arrest and trial, and members of Bundy’s community to create a four-part docu-series focusing “on a man whose personality, good looks, and social graces defied the serial-killer stereotype, [which allowed] him to hide in plain sight” (Berlinger). The somewhat romanticized Ted Bundy Tapes serve as an example of modern folklore, in which the archetypal bogeyman has been narrativized for contemporary society as a charming, rather than hideous, monster. This bogeyman trope—a child-snatching, fear-inducing, paranoia-provoking monster—can be traced back through a number of famous folkloric tales, like The Pied Piper, through the fairytale realm, as illustrated with Peter Pan, and into popular contemporary media with productions like the Ted Bundy Tapes and Extremely Wicked, Shockingly Evil and Vile. These folkloresque narratives help to explain how certain trials or traumas were overcome. The Ted Bundy Tapes opened a discourse community surrounding Ted Bundy as more than a historically recorded villain, but as an almost fictive evil hiding behind a “hot” façade. Forming Bundy as a charming child-snatcher and then presenting this character in a widely available docu-series promulgated the surrounding lore, making Bundy into a bogeyman. Instead of romanticizing Bundy now, we have to recognize his form as a bogeyman character in order for this archetype to serve in a truly useful cautionary capacity and to help us work through inevitable trauma.
Books on the topic "Ten pipes"
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Conan, Doyle Arthur. Fu'ermosi tan an quan ji. Beijing: Chang zheng chu ban she, 2009.
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Canada. Parliament. House of Commons. Bill: An act to amend the Canada tem[per] ance act. Ottawa: S.E. Dawson, 2003.
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Conan, Doyle Arthur. The Adventures of Sherlock Holmes. Ware: Wordsworth Classics, 1995.
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Conan, Doyle Arthur. The Adventures of Sherlock Holmes. Ware: Wordsworth Classics, 1996.
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Conan, Doyle Arthur. The annotated Sherlock Holmes: The four novels and fifty-six short stories complete. New York: Wings Books, 1992.
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Conan, Doyle Arthur. The annotated Sherlock Holmes: The four novels and the fifty-six short stories complete. New York: C.N. Potter, 1986.
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Conan, Doyle Arthur. The Complete Sherlock Holmes. New York, USA: Gramercy Books, 2002.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Ten pipes"
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Chambel, Maria Regina, Jose Climent, Christian Pichot, and Fulvio Ducci. "Mediterranean Pines (Pinus halepensis Mill. and brutia Ten.)." In Forest Tree Breeding in Europe, 229–65. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-6146-9_5.
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Zhang, Zhaoqiao, Shucai Liu, Yong Zhang, Longjin Zheng, and Lian Liu. "The Fast Imaging of Metal Pipe Exploration Using TEM Method." In Technology and Application of Environmental and Engineering Geophysics, 17–23. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-3244-8_3.
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Liu, Chuan, Jiaqi Shen, Yue Ren, and Hao Zheng. "Pipes of AI – Machine Learning Assisted 3D Modeling Design." In Proceedings of the 2020 DigitalFUTURES, 17–26. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-33-4400-6_2.
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AbstractStyle transfer is a design technique that is based on Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning, which is an innovative way to generate new images with the intervention of style images. The output image will carry the characteristic of style image and maintain the content of the input image. However, the design technique is employed in generating 2D images, which has a limited range in practical use. Thus, the goal of the project is to utilize style transfer as a toolset for architectural design and find out the possibility for a 3D modeling design. To implement style transfer into the research, floor plans of different heights are selected from a given design boundary and set as the content images, while a framework of a truss structure is set as the style image. Transferred images are obtained after processing the style transfer neural network, then the geometric images are translated into floor plans for new structure design. After the selection of the tilt angle and the degree of density, vertical components that connecting two adjacent layers are generated to be the pillars of the structure. At this stage, 2D style transferred images are successfully transformed into 3D geometries, which can be applied to the architectural design processes. Generally speaking, style transfer is an intelligent design tool that provides architects with a variety of choices of idea-generating. It has the potential to inspire architects at an early stage of design with not only 2D but also 3D format.
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Jamwal, Ajay Singh. "Comparative Study of Particulate Erosion Phenomena Between Elbow and Target Tee in Pipe Flow." In Lecture Notes on Multidisciplinary Industrial Engineering, 153–59. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-32-9099-0_16.
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Martinelli, Enzo, Ciro Faella, Emidio Nigro, and Carmine Lima. "Retrofitting of School Building Located in Southern Italy." In Case Studies on Conservation and Seismic Strengthening/Retrofitting of Existing Structures, 71–94. Zurich, Switzerland: International Association for Bridge and Structural Engineering (IABSE), 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.2749/cs002.071.
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<p>This paper summarizes the main features of the seismic retrofitting project of a school building located in Montella (AV), Italy. Specifically, it describes the as-built status in terms of structural organization, member detailing, and existing materials properties. Then, it outlines the main assumptions and results obtained from seismic analysis, of both as-built and retrofitted structure. Comments about the construction stage are also reported by describing the main operations put in place with the aim to realize the shear wall system, which is the main retrofitting intervention, and some local strengthening measures consisting in steel plating and jacketing of some underdesigned RC members. Some emphasis is placed on the realization of micro-piles and extra foundations of the aforementioned shear walls. Besides its specific interest, the reported project may be intended as representative of a wide class of seismic assessment and retrofitting projects that have been realized in Italy in the last decade.</p>
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Nakanishi, Tomoko M. "Real-Time Water Movement in a Plant." In Novel Plant Imaging and Analysis, 39–72. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-33-4992-6_2.
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AbstractThe next approach to research on water was to measure the small amount of water actually moving within a plant. The best method is to utilize radioisotope (RI)-labeled water and measure the radiation from outside of the plant. However, it is rather difficult to label water, since there are only limited kinds of RI for tracing water.When utilizing 18F to trace water movement, another fundamental question to consider was the features that characterize drought-tolerant and drought-sensitive plants. It is natural to suppose that drought-tolerant plants have strong water absorption; therefore, by analyzing the water absorption mechanism of tolerant plants and by introducing this function to sensitive plants, it might be possible to make the sensitive plants more tolerant.However, when water uptake was studied in naturally developed drought-tolerant and drought-sensitive cowpea, selected from 2000 cowpea plants grown in the field of Africa, the result was unexpected. Under normal conditions, the amount of water absorbed by the drought-tolerant strain was much lower than that absorbed by the sensitive strain, as if showing the low capability of water absorption. When a drought condition was introduced, the tolerant strain began to absorb much more water than usual, whereas the sensitive strain could not absorb as much water as before. This result provided us with an important lesson. Analyzing the mechanism of drought tolerance only by comparing the water absorption of tolerant and sensitive plants might not readily reveal the reason for drought tolerance. The features of the naturally produced plants showed us different mechanisms that might not match our expectations developed in the laboratory.Next, we performed water measurements using 15O-labeled water, which has an extremely short half-life of 2 minutes. Here, we found another astonishing result, which was “water circulation” in the plant internode. A tremendous amount of water was always leaking from xylem cells, which had been regarded as a mere pipe to transfer water from the root to the aboveground parts. In another subsequent study, it was shown that the water flowing out from the xylem was pushing out the water already present in the stem and then returning to the xylem again to move upward. The water velocity in the internode was kept constant, and through simulation, it took less than 20 minutes to exchange the water already present in the stem with newly absorbed water.
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"Ten Pips per Day." In Turning Losing Forex Trades into Winners, 217. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781119201229.app1.
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"pipe tee [n] [US]." In Encyclopedic Dictionary of Landscape and Urban Planning, 698. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-76435-9_9638.
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"slot(ted) screen pipe." In Dictionary Geotechnical Engineering/Wörterbuch GeoTechnik, 1252. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-41714-6_194571.
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"slot(ted) ground-water pipe." In Dictionary Geotechnical Engineering/Wörterbuch GeoTechnik, 1252. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-41714-6_194567.
Full textConference papers on the topic "Ten pipes"
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Copeland, Rebecca, and Noel Crespi. "Resolving ten MVNO issues with EPS architecture, VoLTE and advanced policy server." In 2011 15th International Conference on Intelligence in Next Generation Networks (ICIN): "From Bits to Data, from Pipes to Clouds". IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icin.2011.6081093.
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Torselletti, Enrico, Luigino Vitali, and Roberto Bruschi. "Bending Capacity of Girth-Welded Pipes." In ASME 2005 24th International Conference on Offshore Mechanics and Arctic Engineering. ASMEDC, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2005-67487.
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In the last ten years, several studies were completed with the aim to define a design format for the local buckling of pipes subjected to differential pressure, axial load and bending moment. Experimental tests were carried out and simplified analytical solutions were developed in order to predict the pipe bending moment capacity and the associated level of deformation. Standard finite element (FE) structural codes, such as ABAQUS, ADINA, ANSYS, etc., were and are used as a “numerical testing laboratory”, where the model is suitably calibrated to few experimental tests. The outcomes of these research efforts were implemented in the design equations enclosed in international design rules, as DNV OS-F101. The local buckling design formats, included in these rules, give the limit bending moment and associated longitudinal strain as a function of the relevant parameters. The effect of the girth weld is introduced with a reduction factor only for what regards the strain at limit bending moment. This paper addresses the effects of the presence of the girth weld on both limit bending moment and corresponding compressive longitudinal strain. A 3-dimensional (3D) FE model developed in ABAQUS has been developed to perform a parametric analysis. The FE model results are shown to compare reasonably well with full scale experiments performed for on-shore pipelines. The limit bending moment is reduced by the weld misalignment and this reduction is also dependent on both internal pressure load and linepipe material mechanical strength. The FE results are compared with the limit bending moment calculated with DNV OS-F101.
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de Sousa, José Renato M., Fernando Jorge M. de Sousa, Marcos Q. de Siqueira, Luís Volnei S. Sagrilo, George Campello, and Carlos Alberto D. de Lemos. "A Methodology to Predict the Remaining Fatigue Life of a Flexible Pipe With Broken Tensile Armor Wires." In ASME 2014 33rd International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2014-23969.
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In this work, an approach to predict the remaining fatigue life of flexible pipes with damages in their tensile armor wires is proposed. This approach relies on a previous proposed approach to calculate the fatigue life of intact flexible pipes. By relying on results from theoretical and experimental investigations, the previous proposed expressions were modified in order to account for damages in the tensile armor wires of these structures. Furthermore, the computation of the fatigue life was also modified in order to account for results from inspections in these pipes thus allowing the estimative of the remaining fatigue life of the pipe. The use of this methodology is illustrated in the analysis of a 9.13″ flexible pipe considering different conditions in its outer tensile armor wires: intact and with one up to ten wires broken along time. The results obtained indicate that the rupture of the tensile armor wires may significantly reduce the fatigue life of flexible pipes and, consequently, may lead to the premature failure of the pipe.
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Lin, Frank K. T. "The Effect of the Exhaust Pipe Arrangement on Motorcycle Engine Acoustics." In ASME 8th Biennial Conference on Engineering Systems Design and Analysis. ASMEDC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/esda2006-95443.
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This paper uses a commercial CAE software GT-POWER to simulate the V-twin cylinder motorcycle engine exhaust acoustics. Ten different engine exhaust pipes with equal and unequal length and with or without arc connecting tube are designed. The engine performance and tailpipe exhaust noise on nineteen different engine speeds from 1000rpm to 10000rpm in wide-open throttle are studied. It is found that the effect of exhaust pipe configuration on the engine performance appears to be negligible. The tailpipe exhaust flow rate will be reduced and the overall sound level will bring down as the arc tube is connected to the exhaust front pipes. Also, the equal pipe length adapted with arc tube design gives a major function on pressure attenuation which may reduce the noise level significantly. The results may be useful for exhaust pipe design.
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Chakraborty, Arindam, Haiyang Qian, and Angah Miessi. "Reliability of LBB Evaluation Considering Randomness in Design Parameters." In ASME 2011 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2011-57740.
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In US, definition of the Leak-Before-Break (LBB) approach and criteria for its use are provided in NUREG-1061. Volume 3 of NUREG-1061 defines LBB as “…the application of fracture mechanics technology to demonstrate that high energy fluid piping is very unlikely to experience double-ended ruptures or their equivalent as longitudinal or diagonal splits.” Current LBB evaluation uses a factor of safety of two (2) on critical flaw size and a factor of safety of ten (10) on detectable leakage to deterministically analyze, that for a given set of input those factors are achieved. Typical input for LBB evaluation consists of pipe geometry, material properties (both elastic and plastic), crack morphology, loads, and operating pressure and temperature. Since LBB has recently been applied for pipes with weld overlays (WOL), thickness, material properties, and crack morphology of WOL also becomes important. However, in real structure all the design parameters (input) for LBB evaluation are inherently random in nature. The current work includes randomness in the critical design input parameters for LBB evaluation. Based on the result of this study reliability (or its compliment, probability of failure) curves are obtained based on the randomness in the critical input parameters. A piping system is considered to fail the LBB evaluation if the actual leakage through the pipe is less than the required leak rate which is calculated as ten times the plant minimum leak detection capability. Separate reliability curves are obtained for various minimum plant leak detection capability piping (e.g.,…, 1, 0.5,…, 0.1 GPMs) and for various piping systems (large diameter pipes such as reactor coolant loop hot leg and cold leg; and small diameter pipes such as pressurizer surge line, etc.). The reliability curves give an insight into the likelihood for a deterministic design input based LBB evaluation to remain valid in view of the in-situ variations.
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Corleto, Carlos R., and Brian B. Cole. "Scratch Tip Radius Effects on K-Controlled Slow Crack Growth in PE Pipe." In 16th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone16-48577.
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A study to evaluate the effect of scratch tip radius on stress intensity factor (K) controlled slow crack growth (SCG) was performed to establish whether a plastics pipe industry practice to allow scratches 10% the thickness of the pipe, could still be allowed on large diameter pipes with blunt scratches. A series of finite element analyses were done using a 1/4 two-dimensional (2-D) notched pipe model assuming a 12-in diameter pipe with a standard dimentional ratio (SDR) of 11, a notch ten times smaller than its thickness, notch tip ratios ranging from 16 to 0.0459, and linear elastic material behavior. Results indicate K-controlled SCG would occur if the ratio of notch tip radius to notch depth is less than 0.1667, although this ratio is probably very conservative due to scratch tip blunting from the formation of a craze zone ahead of crack tips in polyethylene (PE) pipes. However, for ratios greater than 0.5, ductile failures could be induced for internal pressures yielding high hoop stresses and at high temperatures. This is due to the fact that stress concentration factors for relatively blunt notches can still induce maximum scratch tip stresses several times higher than the hoop stress of an unscratched pipe. The results of this finite element analysis could be validated experimentally using ASTM D2837-01 following notching procedures given in ISO 13479 with modified cutters to obtain several notch tip radii.
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Palm, Nathan A., Warren H. Bamford, and Craig Harrington. "Changing the Frequency of Inspections for PWSCC Susceptible Welds at Cold Leg Temperatures." In ASME 2011 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2011-57829.
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A project has been completed under the sponsorship of the EPRI Materials Reliability Program to evaluate the acceptability of returning to an inservice inspection (ISI) frequency of ten years for the large diameter cold leg pipes (525 to 580F), with Alloy 82/182 dissimilar metal (DM) welds. This effort addresses alternative inspection requirements with a frequency of 7 years that have recently been imposed in order to address the potential for service induced Primary Water Stress Corrosion Cracking (PWSCC) of these welds. Careful review of the service experience shows that cracking has only been observed in the hot leg piping locations with DM welds, and the cold leg locations continue to exhibit very reliable service. There are a number of technical and practical arguments in favor of making this change, even beyond the excellent service experience, and these arguments are summarized in this paper. • Pulling the reactor vessel (RV) core barrel is a serious activity which can entail many risks, so additional pulls should be avoided. Inspection at a frequency of less than 10 years involves additional core barrel pulls. • The flaw tolerance of these large diameter cold leg pipes is very good, and example calculations show that reasonably large flaws are acceptable for ten years. • The probability of cracks initiating in cold leg piping is significantly lower than that for piping at hotter temperatures, and a detailed model has been developed to demonstrate this. Actions are underway to revise the relevant inspection requirements, back to a more typical Section XI ten-year interval, using this technical work as a basis.
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Bishop, M., H. G. Hillenbrand, A. Liessem, O. Reepmeyer, and J. Schroeder. "First-Time Use of LDSAW X-80 Pipes for High-Pressure and High-Temperature Transmission of Steam." In 2002 4th International Pipeline Conference. ASMEDC, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipc2002-27323.
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In north-eastern Alberta/Canada, Canadian Natural Resources and others operate systems of steam transmission pipelines to deliver steam to hundreds of oil wells in Alberta. The delivered steam is injected into the well to stimulate the reservoir, enhancing the recovery of heavy oil. Due to changing stimulation techniques it was required to inject up to 3,000m3 per day per well of cold water equivalent steam at a wellhead pressure of 13 MPa. Up to ten wells can receive steam simultaneously. To facilitate the economic movement of this large volume of steam, the installation of a 24NPS steam pipeline was essential and required the innovative application of existing technology. Another requirement was that the pipes must be field-weldable without post-weld heat treatment — a requirement aimed at keeping installation costs low. Several linepipe steel grades including grade X-80 and GRS 550 steels, which are comparable to CSA Gr. 550 steel, were examined for their mechanical properties up to 400°C. Based on this knowledge Europipe delivered the pipes for a steam pipeline of 4,500 m. The line of 24NPS CSA Gr. 550 material operates at a temperature of 354°C and a pressure of 17.2 MPa. The elevated temperature tensile and CVN tests performed during the production of the 24NPS pipes confirmed the results of the preproduction tests of similar steels. Additionally, aging and creep tests with the original material were performed to determine a satisfactory lifetime at the given operating conditions. All tests established that the delivered material is suitable for the application. Also a field welding procedure was developed that did not require post weld heat treatment for the 24NPS CSA Gr. 550 pipes. The 4,500 m of 24NPS Gr. 550 linepipe were successfully installed and placed into service during the summer of 2001.
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Xu, S., A. Laver, J. Liang, W. R. Tyson, and S. Matsuno. "Toughness of EW Pipe Seam Welds of Contemporary Steels." In 2018 12th International Pipeline Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipc2018-78283.
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An extensive experimental program to characterize the Charpy-V-notch (CVN) impact toughness of ten contemporary Electric Welded (EW) pipes was recently completed to establish a database to support the revision of the EW seam weld Charpy toughness testing requirements in Canadian Standards Association (CSA) Z245.1-14. The toughness in these welds is lowest at or near the weld bond line (BL) within a narrow zone ±≈0.5 mm wide. It is feasible and desirable to position the BL notch to a precision to match this width, i.e. ±0.5 mm from the BL. In this paper, typical results of microstructure, micro-hardness, CVN toughness (i.e. absorbed energy) as a function of temperature and notch location, and fractography will be presented. CVN absorbed energy requirements for EW welds in CSA Z245.1 have been determined using a failure assessment diagram (FAD) procedure. The values of required CVN estimated from the FAD are close to those specified in CSA Z245.1-14 but are higher than the specification in CSA Z245.1-18.
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Medvedev, A. P. "Pipe Systems With Enhanced Operational Reliability Manufactured by ChTPZ Group CJSC for Field Pipelines." In 2006 International Pipeline Conference. ASMEDC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipc2006-10618.
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About 200,000 km of internal field pipelines are being operated in the Russian Federation in ten oil companies. The reasons and factors for pipeline breakdown are as follows: • Lack of pipeline cleaning; • Low pipeline workload; • Ineffective program for inhibitor protection and corrosion monitoring; • Utilisation of washing and other process water into field pipelines; • Use of non-treated water in the RPM (reservoir pressure maintenance); • Low corrosion resistance and crack resistance of steels. The regulatory documentation (GOSTs) for oil and gas pipelines has become obsolete and does not take into account the enhancement of corrosion activity of oil field media fixed in recent years. Both internal field and pressure oil pipelines at oil fields are amenable to internal corrosion—pipes fail, as a rule, due to pit corrosion, less frequently due to groove (“rill”) corrosion. ChTPZ Group CJSC ranks the second in the Russian Federation by the volume of manufacture of pipes and welded connecting elements of oil tubular goods. Jointly with research centre specialists, in the course of a number of years it has been carrying out the development of oil and gas pipelines having an enhanced corrosion resistance and cold endurance. Pipes and connecting elements manufactured according new technologies have been operating without accidents since 1996 at a number of West Siberian and other deposits.