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Journal articles on the topic 'Tendon healing'

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1

Hope, Matthew, and Terry S. Saxby. "Tendon Healing." Foot and Ankle Clinics 12, no. 4 (December 2007): 553–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fcl.2007.07.003.

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2

Al-Qattan, Mohammad M., Jeffrey C. Posnick, Kant Y. Lin, and Paul Thorner. "Fetal Tendon Healing." Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery 92, no. 6 (November 1993): 1155–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00006534-199311000-00024.

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3

Al-Qattan, Mohammad M., Jeffrey C. Posnick, Kant Y. Lin, Paul Thorner, and John A. I. Grossman. "Fetal Tendon Healing." Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery 92, no. 6 (November 1993): 1161. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00006534-199311000-00025.

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4

MANSKE, P. "Flexor tendon healing." Journal of Hand Surgery: Journal of the British Society for Surgery of the Hand 13, no. 3 (August 1988): 237–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0266-7681(88)90077-0.

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5

Manske, Paul R., Richard H. Gelberman, and Peggy A. Lesker. "Flexor Tendon Healing." Hand Clinics 1, no. 1 (February 1985): 25–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0749-0712(21)01329-9.

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6

Chartier, Christian, Hassan ElHawary, Aslan Baradaran, Joshua Vorstenbosch, Liqin Xu, and Johnny Ionut Efanov. "Tendon: Principles of Healing and Repair." Seminars in Plastic Surgery 35, no. 03 (July 15, 2021): 211–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0041-1731632.

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AbstractTendon stores, releases, and dissipates energy to efficiently transmit contractile forces from muscle to bone. Tendon injury is exceedingly common, with the spectrum ranging from chronic tendinopathy to acute tendon rupture. Tendon generally develops according to three main steps: collagen fibrillogenesis, linear growth, and lateral growth. In the setting of injury, it also repairs and regenerates in three overlapping steps (inflammation, proliferation, and remodeling) with tendon-specific durations. Acute injury to the flexor and extensor tendons of the hand are of particular clinical
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7

Hayashi, M., C. Zhao, K. N. An, and P. C. Amadio. "The effects of growth and differentiation factor 5 on bone marrow stromal cell transplants in an in vitro tendon healing model." Journal of Hand Surgery (European Volume) 36, no. 4 (May 2011): 271–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1753193410394521.

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The effects of growth differentiation factor-5 (GDF-5) and bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) on tendon healing were investigated under in vitro tissue culture conditions. BMSCs and GDF-5 placed in a collagen gel were interpositioned between the cut ends of dog flexor digitorum profundus tendons. The tendons were randomly assigned into four groups: 1) repaired tendon without gel; 2) repaired tendon with BMSC-seeded gel; 3) repaired tendon with GDF-5 gel without cells; and 4) repaired tendon with GDF-5 treated BMSC-seeded gel. At 2 and 4 weeks, the maximal strength of repaired tendons with GDF-5
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8

Müller, Sebastian A., Nicholas P. Quirk, Julia A. Müller-Lebschi, Patricia E. Heisterbach, Lutz Dürselen, Martin Majewski, and Christopher H. Evans. "Response of the Injured Tendon to Growth Factors in the Presence or Absence of the Paratenon." American Journal of Sports Medicine 47, no. 2 (December 14, 2018): 462–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0363546518814534.

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Background: The paratenon is important for Achilles tendon healing. There is much interest in the use of exogenous growth factors (GFs) as potential agents for accelerating the healing of damaged Achilles tendons. Purpose/Hypothesis: The present study used a rat model to study the responses of the injured Achilles tendon to GFs in the presence or absence of the paratenon. The hypothesis was that responses of the injured tendon to GFs would be lower in the absence of a paratenon. Study Design: Controlled laboratory study. Methods: A 4-mm defect was created in the right Achilles tendon of 60 ske
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9

Freedman, Benjamin R., Ashley B. Rodriguez, Cody D. Hillin, Stephanie N. Weiss, Biao Han, Lin Han, and Louis J. Soslowsky. "Tendon healing affects the multiscale mechanical, structural and compositional response of tendon to quasi-static tensile loading." Journal of The Royal Society Interface 15, no. 139 (February 2018): 20170880. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsif.2017.0880.

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Tendon experiences a variety of multiscale changes to its extracellular matrix during mechanical loading at the fascicle, fibre and fibril levels. For example, tensile loading of tendon increases its stiffness, with organization of collagen fibres, and increases cell strain in the direction of loading. Although applied macroscale strains correlate to cell and nuclear strains in uninjured tendon, the multiscale response during tendon healing remains unknown and may affect cell mechanosensing and response. Therefore, this study evaluated multiscale structure–function mechanisms in response to qu
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10

Yu, Tung-Yang, Jong-Hwei S. Pang, Li-Ping Lin, Ju-Wen Cheng, Shih-Jung Liu, and Wen-Chung Tsai. "Platelet-Rich Plasma Releasate Promotes Early Healing in Tendon After Acute Injury." Orthopaedic Journal of Sports Medicine 9, no. 4 (April 1, 2021): 232596712199037. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2325967121990377.

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Background: Acute tendon injury can limit motion and thereby inhibit tendon healing. Positive results have been found after the use of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) to treat tendon injury; however, the early effects of PRP on tendon regeneration are not known. Purpose/Hypothesis: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of PRP releasate (PRPr) on the early stages of tendon healing in a rat partial tenotomy model. It was hypothesized that PRPr can promote early healing of an Achilles tendon in rats. Study Design: Controlled laboratory study. Methods: PRP was prepared by a 2-step metho
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11

He, Min, Aaron Wei Tat Gan, Aymeric Yu Tang Lim, James Cho Hong Goh, James Hoi Po Hui, and Alphonsus Khin Sze Chong. "Bone Marrow Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cell Augmentation of Rabbit Flexor Tendon Healing." Hand Surgery 20, no. 03 (September 21, 2015): 421–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218810415500343.

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Background: This study investigated the effect of mesenchymal stem cell implantation on flexor tendon healing using a rabbit model of flexor tendon repair. Specifically, we compared the difference between autologous and allogeneic stem cells. The influence of cell number on the outcome of flexor tendon healing was also investigated. Methods: Repaired tendons on the rear paws of rabbits were randomly assigned into four groups: control group, 1 million autologous cells, 1 million allogeneic cells, and 4 million allogeneic cells. Rabbits were sacrificed at 3 or 8 weeks after surgery. Results: Imp
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12

Eliasson, Pernilla, Therese Andersson, and Per Aspenberg. "Rat Achilles tendon healing: mechanical loading and gene expression." Journal of Applied Physiology 107, no. 2 (August 2009): 399–407. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.91563.2008.

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Injured tendons require mechanical tension for optimal healing, but it is unclear which genes are upregulated and responsible for this effect. We unloaded one Achilles tendon in rats by Botox injections in the calf muscles. The tendon was then transected and left to heal. We studied mechanical properties of the tendon calluses, as well as mRNA expression, and compared them with loaded controls. Tendon calluses were studied 3, 8, 14, and 21 days after transection. Intact tendons were studied similarly for comparison. Altogether 110 rats were used. The genes were chosen for proteins marking infl
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13

Gaughan, E. M., R. M. DeBowes, J. P. Douglass, R. K. Frank, R. D. Klemm, and L. J. Gift. "The Influence of Intratendinous Sodium Hyaluronate on Tendon Healing in Horses." Veterinary and Comparative Orthopaedics and Traumatology 05, no. 04 (1992): 151–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1633108.

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SummaryAcute tendinitis was created bilaterally in the mid-metacarpal region of the deep digital flexor tendons of six horses with intratendinous collagenase administration. The collagenase-induced lesion in one deep digital flexor tendon of each horse was injected 48 h later with 10.0 mg of sodium hyaluronate (1.0 ml) while employing ultrasound guidance. To serve as a control, the lesion in the contralateral deep digital flexor tendon was injected with 1.0 ml of 0.9% sodium chloride. Sequential ultra-sonographic examinations revealed that the sodium hyaluronate treated deep digital flexor ten
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14

Gargano, Giuseppe, Antonio Oliviero, Francesco Oliva, and Nicola Maffulli. "Small interfering RNAs in tendon homeostasis." British Medical Bulletin 138, no. 1 (January 18, 2021): 58–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/bmb/ldaa040.

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Abstract Background Tenogenesis and tendon homeostasis are guided by genes encoding for the structural molecules of tendon fibres. Small interfering RNAs (siRNAs), acting on gene regulation, can therefore participate in the process of tendon healing. Sources of data A systematic search of different databases to October 2020 identified 17 suitable studies. Areas of agreement SiRNAs can be useful to study reparative processes of tendons and identify possible therapeutic targets in tendon healing. Areas of controversy Many genes and growth factors involved in the processes of tendinopathy and ten
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15

Rodeo, Scott A., and Kazutaka Izawa. "Tendon-to-Bone Healing." Techniques in Orthopaedics 14, no. 1 (March 1999): 22–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00013611-199903000-00004.

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16

Holey, Liz. "Tendon and Ligament Healing." Physiotherapy 86, no. 6 (June 2000): 326. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0031-9406(05)61010-3.

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17

Kiss, ZS, DP Kellaway, JI Cook, and et al. "Postoperative patellar tendon healing." Clinical Imaging 22, no. 5 (September 1998): 378–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0899-7071(98)00046-1.

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18

Platt, Marc A. "Tendon Repair and Healing." Clinics in Podiatric Medicine and Surgery 22, no. 4 (October 2005): 553–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cpm.2005.08.001.

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19

Galvez, M. G., C. Crowe, S. Farnebo, and J. Chang. "Tissue engineering in flexor tendon surgery: current state and future advances." Journal of Hand Surgery (European Volume) 39, no. 1 (November 21, 2013): 71–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1753193413512432.

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Tissue engineering of flexor tendons addresses a challenge often faced by hand surgeons: the restoration of function and improvement of healing with a limited supply of donor tendons. Creating an engineered tendon construct is dependent upon understanding the normal healing mechanisms of the tendon and tendon sheath. The production of a tendon construct includes: creating a three-dimensional scaffold; seeding cells within the scaffold; encouraging cellular growth within the scaffold while maintaining a gliding surface; and finally ensuring mechanical strength. An effective construct incorporat
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20

Zhang, Kairui, Michael W. Hast, Soutarou Izumi, Yu Usami, Snehal Shetye, Ngozi Akabudike, Nancy J. Philp, et al. "Modulating Glucose Metabolism and Lactate Synthesis in Injured Mouse Tendons: Treatment With Dichloroacetate, a Lactate Synthesis Inhibitor, Improves Tendon Healing." American Journal of Sports Medicine 46, no. 9 (June 21, 2018): 2222–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0363546518778789.

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Background: Tendon injuries are common problems among athletes. Complete recovery of the mechanical structure and function of ruptured tendons is challenging. It has been demonstrated that upregulation of glycolysis and lactate production occurs in wounds, inflammation sites, and cancerous tumors, and these metabolic changes also control growth and differentiation of stem and progenitor cells. Similar metabolic changes have been reported in human healing tendons. In addition, lactate production has increased in progenitors isolated from injured tendons after treatment with IL-1β. It is thought
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21

NESSLER, J. P., P. C. AMADIO, L. J. BERGLUND, and K. N. AN. "Healing of Canine Tendon in Zones Subjected to Different Mechanical Forces." Journal of Hand Surgery 17, no. 5 (October 1992): 561–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0266-7681(05)80242-6.

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The effect of external force environment on the healing of a partial thickness injury to canine flexor tendon was studied. A 50% laceration was made in either the fibrocartilaginous (compressive) zone or in the tendinous (tensile) zone of canine flexor digitorum profundus tendons. After three or six weeks, the tendons were harvested. An optical method for determining zone-specific material properties showed that, in response to injury, the structural stiffness decreased in the tensile zone of the tendon but increased in the compressive zone. The mechanical properties and failure mechanism of c
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22

Costa-Almeida, Raquel, Isabel Calejo, and Manuela E. Gomes. "Mesenchymal Stem Cells Empowering Tendon Regenerative Therapies." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 20, no. 12 (June 19, 2019): 3002. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms20123002.

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Tendon tissues have limited healing capacity. The incidence of tendon injuries and the unsatisfactory functional outcomes of tendon repair are driving the search for alternative therapeutic approaches envisioning tendon regeneration. Cellular therapies aim at delivering adequate, regeneration-competent cell types to the injured tendon and toward ultimately promoting its reconstruction and recovery of functionality. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) either obtained from tendons or from non-tendon sources, like bone marrow (BM-MSCs) or adipose tissue (ASCs), have been receiving increasing attention
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23

Noah, Andrew C., Thomas M. Li, Leandro M. Martinez, Susumu Wada, Jacob B. Swanson, Nathaniel P. Disser, Kristoffer B. Sugg, Scott A. Rodeo, Theresa T. Lu, and Christopher L. Mendias. "Adaptive and innate immune cell responses in tendons and lymph nodes after tendon injury and repair." Journal of Applied Physiology 128, no. 3 (March 1, 2020): 473–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.00682.2019.

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Tendon injuries are a common clinical condition with limited treatment options. The cellular components of the innate immune system, such as neutrophils and macrophages, have been studied in tendon injuries. However, the adaptive immune system, comprising specialized lymphocytes, plays an important role in orchestrating the healing of numerous tissues, but less is known about these cells in tendon healing. To gain a greater understanding of the biological processes that regulate tendon healing, we determined how the cellular components of the adaptive and innate immune system respond to a tend
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24

Müller, Sebastian A., Christopher H. Evans, Patricia E. Heisterbach, and Martin Majewski. "The Role of the Paratenon in Achilles Tendon Healing: A Study in Rats." American Journal of Sports Medicine 46, no. 5 (March 5, 2018): 1214–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0363546518756093.

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Background: The role of the paratenon in tendon healing is unknown. The present study compares healing in the presence or absence of the paratenon in an Achilles tendon defect model in rats. Hypothesis: Resection of the paratenon impairs tendon healing. Study Design: Controlled laboratory study. Methods: Sixty skeletally mature Sprague Dawley rats were randomly assigned to either a resected paratenon (RP) group or an intact paratenon (IP) group. In all animals, a 4-mm portion of the Achilles tendon was resected in the midsubstance. In the RP group, the paratenon was resected completely. In the
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25

AL-QATTAN, M. M., J. C. POSNICK, and K. Y. LIN. "The In Vivo Response of Foetal Tendons to Sutures." Journal of Hand Surgery 20, no. 3 (June 1995): 314–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0266-7681(05)80085-3.

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The in vivo response of foetal flexor digitorum profundus tendons to tendon sutures was studied macroscopically and microscopically in foetal lambs. No tendon adhesions were noted at any of the examination intervals. 4 days after injury, a mild inflammatory reaction was noted around the suture. The tendon examined at the 4-week interval showed evidence of migration of epitenon cells from the outer surface of the tendon into the suture track. The tendon examined at the 6-week interval showed normal tendon fibres surrounding the suture site. Differences between foetal skin and foetal tendon heal
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26

Gift, L. J., R. M. De Bowes, R. Basaraba, J. Roush, and E. M. Gaughan. "The Influence of Sequential Intratendinous Sodium Hyaluronate on Tendon Healing in Horses." Veterinary and Comparative Orthopaedics and Traumatology 08, no. 01 (1995): 40–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1632425.

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SummaryAcute tendinitis was bilaterally created in the mid-metacarpal region of the superficial digital flexor tendons of six horses with intratendinous collagenase administration. The collagenase-induced lesion, in one superficial flexor tendon of each horse, was injected 48 h later with 10.0 mg of sodium hyaluronate (1.0 ml) under ultrasound guidance. In order to serve as a control, the lesion in the contralateral superficial digital flexor tendon was injected with 1.0 ml of phosphate buffered 0.9% sodium chloride. Similar injections were made at weekly intervals for six weeks. Differences c
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27

Andersson, Therese, Pernilla Eliasson, Malin Hammerman, Olof Sandberg, and Per Aspenberg. "Low-level mechanical stimulation is sufficient to improve tendon healing in rats." Journal of Applied Physiology 113, no. 9 (November 1, 2012): 1398–402. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.00491.2012.

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Treatment of tendon injuries often involves immobilization. However, immobilization might not prevent mild involuntary isometric muscle contraction. The effect of weak forces on tendon healing is therefore of clinical interest. Studies of tendon healing with various methods for load reduction in rat Achilles tendon models show a consistent reduction in tendon strength by at least half, compared with voluntary cage activity. Unloading was not complete in any of these models, and the healing tendon was therefore still exposed to mild mechanical stimulation. By reducing the forces acting on the t
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28

Singh, Rohit, Jihad Alzyoud, Ryan Trickett, Peter Thomas, Peter Theobald, and Ilyas Khan. "Growth Factor and Intense Pulse Light in Flexor Tendon Repair: A Biomechanical Study at Strength and Gap Resistance." Journal of Hand Surgery (Asian-Pacific Volume) 23, no. 04 (November 15, 2018): 463–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s2424835518500431.

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Background: Flexor tendon injuries are extremely common and they are usually the result of incised traumatic glass or knife injury. The process of tendon healing is a complicated and exceptionally-regimented mechanism that is originated and monitored by a vast number of diverse molecules. One of the most pivotal groups of mediators that are crucial to the healing process are growth factors (GF). Intense pulse light (IPL) can lead to evidence of new collagen formation with associated clinical improvement in tissue healing. The biological benefit of Intense pulse light (IPL) relies on judicious
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29

Tzoanos, Georgios Nikolaos, Nikolaos Tsavalas, Nikolaos Manidakis, and Alkiviadis Kalliakmanis. "Patellar tendon healing after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction in football players." Orthopaedic Journal of Sports Medicine 5, no. 2_suppl2 (February 1, 2017): 2325967117S0004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2325967117s00043.

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Introduction: To investigate the healing process of the harvested patellar tendon at 12±2 and 24±2 months following Bone-Patellar-Bone (BTB) Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL) reconstruction. Methods: 30 football players were enrolled in our study and examined at 12±2 and 24±2 months postoperatively. Donor and contralateral tendons evaluated with a high frequency ultrasound transducer. The maximum anteroposterior (MAP) and maximum transverse (MT) diameters of the patellar tendon and associated defect at the site of the tendon incision measured at its proximal, middle and distal thirds. The prese
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30

Liu, Hsin-Yi, Troy Blackburn, Darin Padua, R. Alexander Creighton, and Paul Weinhold. "In vivoUltrasonographic Evaluation of Patellar Tendon Stiffness after Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction with Patellar Tendon Autograft." Applied Bionics and Biomechanics 8, no. 3-4 (2011): 367–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2011/438747.

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Background:Tendon mechanical properties have been used to evaluate the effects of therapies on the healing of animal tendons, but these measures have not been convenient to record in vivo in humans due to their invasive nature. The aims of this study were to assess the capability of an ultrasonography technique to track the change in stiffness of the healing human patellar tendon and to assess the correlation between stiffness parameters and clinical recovery measurements.Method:Ten subjects undergoing anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction with a patellar tendon autograft were recruited fo
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31

Andersson, Therese, Pernilla Eliasson, and Per Aspenberg. "Tissue memory in healing tendons: short loading episodes stimulate healing." Journal of Applied Physiology 107, no. 2 (August 2009): 417–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.00414.2009.

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Intact tendons adapt slowly to changes in mechanical loading, whereas in healing tendons the effect of mechanical loading or its absence is dramatic. The longevity of the response to a single loading episode is, however, unknown. We hypothesized that the tissue has a “memory” of loading episodes and that therefore short loadings are sufficient to elicit improved healing. The Achilles tendon of 70 female rats was transected and unloaded by tail suspension for 12 days (suspension started on day 2 after surgery). Each day, the rats were let down from suspension for short daily training episodes a
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32

Ackermann, Paul, W. "Neuronal pathways in tendon healing." Frontiers in Bioscience 14, no. 1 (2009): 5165. http://dx.doi.org/10.2741/3593.

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33

Fox, Alice J. S., and George A. C. Murrell. "Nitric Oxide and Tendon Healing." Techniques in Orthopaedics 22, no. 1 (March 2007): 14–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.bto.0000261739.62283.1e.

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34

Oliva, Francesco, Stefano Gatti, Giuseppe Porcellini, Nicholas R. Forsyth, and Nicola Maffulli. "Growth factors and tendon healing." Scottish Medical Journal 55, no. 2 (May 2010): 35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1258/rsmsmj.55.2.35d.

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35

Voleti, Pramod B., Mark R. Buckley, and Louis J. Soslowsky. "Tendon Healing: Repair and Regeneration." Annual Review of Biomedical Engineering 14, no. 1 (August 15, 2012): 47–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev-bioeng-071811-150122.

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36

Möller, H. D., C. H. Evans, and N. Maffulli. "New strategies for tendon healing." Der Orthopäde 29, no. 3 (March 24, 2000): 0182–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001320050436.

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37

Hiramatsu, Kunihiko, Akira Tsujii, Norimasa Nakamura, and Tomoki Mitsuoka. "Ultrasonographic Evaluation of the Early Healing Process After Achilles Tendon Repair." Orthopaedic Journal of Sports Medicine 6, no. 8 (August 1, 2018): 232596711878988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2325967118789883.

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Background: Little is known about early healing of repaired Achilles tendons on imaging, particularly up to 6 months postoperatively, when patients generally return to participation in sports. Purpose: To examine changes in repaired Achilles tendon healing with ultrasonography for up to 12 months after surgery. Study Design: Case series; Level of evidence, 4. Methods: Ultrasonographic images of 26 ruptured Achilles tendons were analyzed at 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, and 12 months after primary repair. The cross-sectional areas (CSAs) and intratendinous morphology of the repaired tendons were evaluated usi
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Zenchenko, A. V., and Yu M. Cherniakova. "COMPARISON OF 3-WEEK CALCANEAL TENDON REGENERATES AFTER TENOTOMY AND SUTURING IN EXPERIMENT IN VIVO." Journal of the Grodno State Medical University 19, no. 1 (February 25, 2021): 77–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.25298/2221-8785-2021-19-1-77-84.

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Background. Modern knowledge about tendon healing as well as possibilities of hand surgery does not solve the problem of tenogenic contractures. For the prevention of cicatricial process, the separation of the sliding surfaces of the tendon and its sheath with polymeric materials is used. However, regeneration of tendons in condition of isolation has not been proven. Aim of the research. In a laboratory animal model to perform a tenotomy and a calcaneal tendon suture, study 3-week regenerates formed in the mobilization regime and evaluate the regenerative capacity of the tendon isolated with a
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39

Eliasson, Pernilla, Therese Andersson, and Per Aspenberg. "Influence of a single loading episode on gene expression in healing rat Achilles tendons." Journal of Applied Physiology 112, no. 2 (January 2012): 279–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.00858.2011.

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Mechanical loading stimulates tendon healing via mechanisms that are largely unknown. Genes will be differently regulated in loaded healing tendons, compared with unloaded, just because of the fact that healing processes have been changed. To avoid such secondary effects and study the effect of loading per se, we therefore studied the gene expression response shortly after a single loading episode in otherwise unloaded healing tendons. The Achilles tendon was transected in 30 tail-suspended rats. The animals were let down from the suspension to load their tendons on a treadmill for 30 min once
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40

Inoue, Hiroshi, Kotaro Imamura, Yoshifumi Nagatani, Toru Hirano, and Katsurou Iwasaki. "Experimental study of Tendon Healing. Histological Study of Tendon Healing in Rabbit Knee Joints." Orthopedics & Traumatology 40, no. 1 (1991): 410–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.5035/nishiseisai.40.410.

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41

McCarron, Jesse A., Kathleen A. Derwin, Michael J. Bey, Joshua M. Polster, Jean P. Schils, Eric T. Ricchetti, and Joseph P. Iannotti. "Failure With Continuity in Rotator Cuff Repair “Healing”." American Journal of Sports Medicine 41, no. 1 (September 27, 2012): 134–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0363546512459477.

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Background: Ten to seventy percent of rotator cuff repairs form a recurrent defect after surgery. The relationship between retraction of the repaired tendon and formation of a recurrent defect is not well defined. Purpose/Hypotheses: To measure the prevalence, timing, and magnitude of tendon retraction after rotator cuff repair and correlate these outcomes with formation of a full-thickness recurrent tendon defect on magnetic resonance imaging, as well as clinical outcomes. We hypothesized that (1) tendon retraction is a common phenomenon, although not always associated with a recurrent defect
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Ingraham, John M., Randy M. Hauck, and H. Paul Ehrlich. "Is the Tendon Embryogenesis Process Resurrected during Tendon Healing?" Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery 112, no. 3 (September 2003): 844–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.prs.0000070180.62037.fc.

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Wu, Ya Fang, and Jin Bo Tang. "Tendon Healing, Edema, and Resistance to Flexor Tendon Gliding." Hand Clinics 29, no. 2 (May 2013): 167–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.hcl.2013.02.002.

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Fryhofer, George W., Benjamin R. Freedman, Cody D. Hillin, Nabeel S. Salka, Adam M. Pardes, Stephanie N. Weiss, Daniel C. Farber, and Louis J. Soslowsky. "Postinjury biomechanics of Achilles tendon vary by sex and hormone status." Journal of Applied Physiology 121, no. 5 (November 1, 2016): 1106–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.00620.2016.

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Achilles tendon ruptures are common injuries. Sex differences are present in mechanical properties of uninjured Achilles tendon, but it remains unknown if these differences extend to tendon healing. We hypothesized that ovariectomized females (OVX) and males would exhibit inferior postinjury tendon properties compared with females. Male, female, and OVX Sprague-Dawley rats ( n = 32/group) underwent acclimation and treadmill training before blunt transection of the Achilles tendon midsubstance. Injured hindlimbs were immobilized for 1 wk, followed by gradual return to activity and assessment of
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Sсherbak, Sergey G., Stanislav V. Makarenko, Olga V. Shneider, Tatyana A. Kamilova, and Alexander S. Golota. "Regenerative Rehabilitation in Injuries of Tendons." Physical and rehabilitation medicine, medical rehabilitation 3, no. 2 (July 5, 2021): 192–206. http://dx.doi.org/10.36425/rehab70760.

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The mechanical properties of tendons are thought to be affected by different loading levels. Changes in the mechanical properties of tendons, such as stiffness, have been reported to influence the risk of tendon injuries chiefly in athletes and the elderly, thereby affecting motor function execution. Unloading resulted in reduced tendons stiffness, and resistance exercise exercise counteracts this. Transforming growth factor-1 is a potent inducer of type I collagen and mechanosensitive genes encoding tenogenic differentiation markers expression which play critical roles in tendon tissue format
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HANFF, G., and S.-O. ABRAHAMSSON. "Matrix Synthesis and Cell Proliferation in Repaired Flexor Tendons within E-PTFE Reconstructed Flexor Tendon Sheaths." Journal of Hand Surgery 21, no. 5 (October 1996): 642–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0266-7681(96)80149-5.

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Expanded polytetrafluoroethylene (e-PTFE) may be used as a barrier to reduce formation of restrictive adhesions following tendon surgery within the flexor tendon sheath region. In order to assess its effects on the cellular activity of healing tendons, synthesis and contents of matrix components and synthesis of DNA were compared in divided and sutured flexor tendons that either had been covered with e-PTFE membranes or with sham-operated tendon sheaths in 30 rabbits. At intervals of up to 12 weeks segments of the tendon repair sites were harvested, placed in wells and labelled with 35S-sulpha
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Zhang, Jianying, Feng Li, Tyler Augi, Kelly M. Williamson, Kentaro Onishi, MaCalus V. Hogan, Matthew D. Neal, and James H. C. Wang. "Platelet HMGB1 in Platelet-Rich Plasma (PRP) promotes tendon wound healing." PLOS ONE 16, no. 9 (September 16, 2021): e0251166. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0251166.

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Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) is a widely used autologous treatment for tendon injuries in clinics. Platelets (PLTs) are a major source of high mobility group box1 (HMGB1) that is gaining attention as a chemoattractant that can recruit stem cells to the wound area to enhance healing of injured tissues; however, the contribution of PLT HMGB1 in wounded tendon healing remains unexplored. This study investigated the effect of PLT HMGB1 within PRP on tendon healing using PLT HMGB1 knockout (KO) and GFP mice. A window defect was created in the patellar tendons of both groups of mice, and wounds were t
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Chisari, Emanuele, Laura Rehak, Wasim S. Khan, and Nicola Maffulli. "Tendon healing in presence of chronic low-level inflammation: a systematic review." British Medical Bulletin 132, no. 1 (December 2019): 97–116. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/bmb/ldz035.

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Abstract Background Tendinopathy is a common musculoskeletal condition affecting subjects regardless of their activity level. Multiple inflammatory molecules found in ex vivo samples of human tendons are related to the initiation or progression of tendinopathy. Their role in tendon healing is the subject of this review. Sources of data An extensive review of current literature was conducted using PubMed, Embase and Cochrane Library using the term ‘tendon’, as well as some common terms of tendon conditions such as ‘tendon injury OR (tendon damage) OR tendonitis OR tendinopathy OR (chronic tendo
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Forslund, Carina, and Per Aspenberg. "Improved Healing of Transected Rabbit Achilles Tendon after a Single Injection of Cartilage-Derived Morphogenetic Protein-2." American Journal of Sports Medicine 31, no. 4 (July 2003): 555–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/03635465030310041301.

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Background Achilles tendon ruptures in humans might be treated more efficiently with the help of a growth factor. Cartilage-derived morphogenetic protein-2 has been shown to induce formation of tendon-like tissue. Hypothesis Cartilage-derived morphogenetic protein-2 has a positive effect on mechanical parameters for tendon healing in a rabbit model with Achilles tendon transection. Study Design Controlled laboratory study. Methods The right Achilles tendon of 40 rabbits was transected without tendon suture. Cartilage-derived morphogenetic protein-2 (10 μg) or vehicle control (acetate buffer) w
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Waldrop, Norman, Bonnie Mowry, Mitchell Sanders, and John McQuilling. "Application of Amniotic Membrane Improves Repair in a Diabetic Animal Model for Delayed Tendon Healing." Foot & Ankle Orthopaedics 2, no. 3 (September 1, 2017): 2473011417S0000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2473011417s000082.

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Category: Basic Sciences/Biologics, Diabetes Introduction/Purpose: Tendon injuries often heal with significant scar formation and compromised biomechanical function. For diabetics, these injuries are further complicated by changes in the extracellular matrix of the tendon, leading to higher incidences of injury and slower healing. Defective or delayed healing is a result of several factors including an impaired ability to form a collagen matrix, compromised angiogenesis, and inadequate production of growth factors. Consequently, complications and re- rupture rates are higher in diabetic patien
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