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1
Kim, Hyeong-Yeol, Young-Jun You, and Gum-Sung Ryu. "Reinforced Concrete Slabs Strengthened with Lap-Spliced Carbon TRC System." Materials 14, no. 12 (June 17, 2021): 3340. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14123340.
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Construction with precast or prefabricated elements requires the connecting of structural joints. This study presents an accelerated construction method to strengthen reinforced concrete (RC) slab-type elements in flexure using precast lap-spliced textile-reinforced concrete (TRC) panels. The objectives of this study are to identify the tensile behavior of a TRC system with lap-spliced textile, and to experimentally validate the performance of the proposed connecting method by flexural failure test for the concrete slabs strengthened by TRC panels with lap-spliced textile. Twenty-one coupon specimens were tested in tension with two different matrix systems and three different lap splice lengths. The influence of the lap splice length and matrix properties on the tensile performance of the TRC system was significant. Five full-scale RC slabs were strengthened by the precast TRC panels with and without the lap splice, and was tested in flexure. The results of the failure test for the strengthened specimens showed that the ultimate load of the strengthened specimen with the TRC panel increased by a maximum of 24%, compared to that of the unstrengthened specimen. Moreover, the failure-tested specimens were re-strengthened by a new TRC panel system and tested again in flexure. The objective of the re-strengthening of the damaged RC slabs by the TRC panel is to investigate whether the yielded steel reinforcement can be replaced by the TRC panel. The initial cracking load and the stiffness of the re-strengthened specimens were significantly increased by re-strengthening.
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Vlach, Tomáš, Lenka Laiblová, Jakub Řepka, Zuzana Jirkalová, and Petr Hájek. "EXPERIMENTAL VERIFICATION OF IMPREGNATED TEXTILE REINFORCEMENT SPLICING BY OVERLAPPING." Acta Polytechnica CTU Proceedings 22 (July 25, 2019): 128–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.14311/app.2019.22.0128.
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This paper presents an experimental verification of impregnated textile reinforcement splicing by overlapping using tensile test of small textile reinforced concrete slabs before its using in the product. The specimen dimensions were designed 80×360mm and thickness approximately 18 mm. This specimen was reinforced using two pieces of impregnated flat technical fabric from carbon roving and epoxy resin. Two overlap lengths were designed using data from previous cohesion tensile tests and necessary anchoring length. The purpose of this experiment was experimental verification before flat reinforcement splicing by overlapping on the final product – furniture with textile reinforcement. This paper shows possible problems and complications in the anchoring of the textile reinforcements and in splicing by overlapping, the importance of the accuracy reinforcement position in the thin concrete cross-sectional area.
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Mészöly, Tamás, Sandra Ofner, Norbert Randl, and Zhiping Luo. "Effect of Combining Fiber and Textile Reinforcement on the Flexural Behavior of UHPC Plates." Advances in Materials Science and Engineering 2020 (September 29, 2020): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/9891619.
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A series of flexural tests were performed in order to investigate the effect of steel fiber reinforcement (SFR) in textile-reinforced concrete (TRC) plates. Some of the specimens were reinforced only with textile, some of them only with fibers, and some of them were provided with both textile and fiber reinforcement. The concrete matrix was a self-developed ultrahigh performance concrete (UHPC) mixture with a compression strength over 160 MPa. The tensile strength of the used textiles was around 1500 MPa for glass fiber textile and over 3000 MPa for carbon fiber textile. In case of fiber reinforcement, the concrete was reinforced with 2 vol% of 15 mm long and 0.2 mm diameter plain high strength steel fibers. The dimensions of the rectangular plate test specimens were 700 × 150 × 30 mm. The plate specimens were tested in a symmetric four-point bending setup with a universal testing machine. The tests were monitored using a photogrammetric measurement system with digital image correlation (DIC). The paper presents and evaluates the test results, analyses the crack patterns and crack development, and compares the failure modes. The results showed a general advantageous mechanical behavior of specimens reinforced with the combination of fibers and textiles in comparison to the specimens reinforced with only fiber or textile reinforcement.
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Kim, Hyeong-Yeol, Young-Jun You, Gum-Sung Ryu, Kyung-Taek Koh, Gi-Hong Ahn, and Se-Hoon Kang. "Flexural Strengthening of Concrete Slab-Type Elements with Textile Reinforced Concrete." Materials 13, no. 10 (May 13, 2020): 2246. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma13102246.
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This paper deals with flexural strengthening of reinforced concrete (RC) slabs with a carbon textile reinforced concrete (TRC) system. The surface coating treatment was applied to a carbon grid-type textile to increase the bond strength. Short fibers were incorporated into the matrix to mitigate the formation of shrinkage-induced cracks. The tensile properties of the TRC system were evaluated by a direct tensile test with a dumbbell-type grip method. The tensile test results indicated that the effect of the surface coating treatment of the textile on the bonding behavior of the textile within the TRC system was significant. Furthermore, the incorporation of short fibers in the matrix was effective to mitigate shrinkage-induced crack formation and to improve the tensile properties of the TRC system. Six full-scale slab specimens were strengthened with the TRC system and, subsequently, failure tested. The ultimate load-carrying capacity of the strengthened slabs was compared with that of an unstrengthened slab as well as the theoretical solutions. The failure test results indicated that the stiffness and the ultimate flexural capacity of the strengthened slab were at least 112% and 165% greater, respectively, than that of the unstrengthened slab. The test results further indicated that the strengthening effect was not linearly proportional to the amount of textile reinforcement.
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Machovec, Jan, Filip Vogel, and Petr Konvalinka. "The Experimental Testing of the Tensile Strength of the Steel Fibre Reinforced Cement Matrix." Materials Science Forum 824 (July 2015): 197–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.824.197.
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This article is focused on state of knowledge about experimental testing of uniaxial tension strength of specimens from cement-based composites. We searched for various types of experimental testing of tensile strength, shapes of specimens or type of reinforcement. There is our own experimental program at the end of this article. Our aim is to find the best way to test steel fibre reinforced cement matrix for textile reinforced concrete in oneaxial tension. Textile reinforced concrete has many advantages (e.g.: no covering layer, higher ductility) and may be used instead of common steel reinforced concrete or as a method to repair old structures (e.g.: to bind columns).
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You, Young-Jun, Hyeong-Yeol Kim, Gum-Sung Ryu, Kyung-Taek Koh, Gi-Hong Ahn, and Se-Hoon Kang. "Strengthening of Concrete Element with Precast Textile Reinforced Concrete Panel and Grouting Material." Materials 13, no. 17 (September 1, 2020): 3856. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma13173856.
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Textile reinforced concrete (TRC) has widely been used for strengthening work for deteriorated reinforced concrete (RC) structures. The structural strengthening often requires accelerated construction with the aid of precast or prefabricated elements. This study presents an innovative method to strengthen an RC slab-type element in flexure using a precast panel made of carbon TRC. A total of five RC slabs were fabricated to examine the flexural strengthening effect. Two of them were strengthened with the precast panel and grouting material and another set of two slabs was additionally strengthened by tensile steel reinforcement. The full-scale slab specimens were tested by a three-point bending test and the test results were compared with the theoretical solutions. The results revealed that the ultimate load of the specimens strengthened with the TRC panel increased by at least 1.5 times compared to that of the unstrengthened specimen. The application of the precast TRC panel and grouting material for the strengthening of a prototype RC structure verified its outstanding constructability.
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Yin, Shiping, Bo Wang, Fei Wang, and Shilang Xu. "Bond investigation of hybrid textile with self-compacting fine-grain concrete." Journal of Industrial Textiles 46, no. 8 (January 28, 2016): 1616–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1528083716629137.
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This paper presents an experimental investigation into the influence of bond characteristics between textile and matrix on the mechanical behavior of textile-reinforced concrete (TRC). Two types of tests were performed, i.e. pullout test and uniaxial tensile test. Self-compacting fine-grain concrete was adopted. Two kinds of hybrid textile, consisting of both carbon and E-glass yarns, were specially prepared for this study. The experimental results show that sticking sands on the textile after epoxy resin impregnation can improve the interfacial property between textile and matrix. The specimens with textile of 10 mm × 10 mm mesh have stronger bond strength than those with textile of 25 mm × 25 mm mesh, and can reach the maximum tensile strength of yarns when the initial bond length is between 30 mm and 35 mm. Moreover, sticking sands on the textile can improve the multiple cracks form and the ultimate bearing capacity of TRC under uniaxial tensile load. Specimens with textile of 10 mm × 10 mm mesh have higher first-crack loads than those with textile of 25 mm × 25 mm mesh whether or not the textile surface treatment was conducted, and also have better crack distribution. Finally, based on the experimental results from TRC under uniaxial tensile load, a double linear constitutive equation of stress–strain relationship of carbon fiber yarn is provided in this paper.
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Řepka, Jakub, Tomáš Vlach, Diana Mariaková, Zuzana Jirkalová, and Petr Hájek. "Integrated Anchorage of Thin Façade Panels Made of Textile Reinforced Concrete." Solid State Phenomena 309 (August 2020): 57–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.309.57.
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This paper discusses the feasibility of an innovative anchoring element which is designed to be integrated into the volume of an ultra-thin coffered façade panel made of textile reinforced concrete and to not increase its external dimensions. The first part of the article describes the composition and shape of the façade panel and focuses on the manufacturing of the composite anchoring element made of carbon technical textile penetrated with polymer matrix which is intentionally identical composition as in the case of the façade panel reinforcement. The second part of the article focuses on the behavior of the composite anchoring element and its effect on its surroundings during the mechanical loading of the façade panel. Specimens of the coffered façade panel with integrated anchoring elements were subjected to four-point bending test to determine the impact of the anchoring elements on the façade panel flexural tensile strength and type of failure. Additional specimens were tested to determine the load-bearing capacity of the anchoring elements.
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Bittner, Tomáš, Petr Bouška, Michaela Kostelecká, Šárka Nenadálová, Milan Rydval, and Miroslav Vokáč. "Determination of Mechanical Properties of Non-Conventional Reinforcement." Key Engineering Materials 662 (September 2015): 249–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.662.249.
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Mechanical tests of samples of basalt and textile glass reinforcement were performed within the solution of the research project GAČR 13-12676S and SGS14/171/OHK1/2T/31. These tests were carried out because of the need to establish elementary mechanical quantities that are tensile strength and modulus of elasticity of non-conventional reinforcement. Both of these quantities are required for further modeling of structures and for designing of the elements made from textile reinforced concrete (TRC) as not being provided by reinforcement manufacturers. The tests were carried out on a total of 12 samples of reinforcement where the first 6 samples were made from textile glass reinforcement (AR-G = Alkali-Resistant Glass) and the remaining 6 samples were prepared from basalt reinforcement. The filament sheaf fibers called roving was used for the production of test specimens.
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Kim, Hyeong-Yeol, Young-Jun You, Gum-Sung Ryu, Gi-Hong Ahn, and Kyung-Taek Koh. "Concrete Slab-Type Elements Strengthened with Cast-in-Place Carbon Textile Reinforced Concrete System." Materials 14, no. 6 (March 16, 2021): 1437. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14061437.
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Although carbon textile reinforcement widely used to replace the steel reinforcing bars but the bonding strength of carbon textile is generally much smaller than that of common steel bars. This study examines the strengthening effect of concrete slab-type elements strengthened in flexure by carbon textile reinforcement according to the surface coating of textile and the amount of reinforcement. The effect of the surface coating of textile on the bond strength was evaluated through a direct pullout test with four different sizes of coating material. The surface coated specimens developed bond strength approximately twice that of the uncoated specimen. The flexural strengthening effect with respect to the amount of reinforcement was investigated by a series of flexural failure tests on full-scale reinforced concrete (RC) slab specimens strengthened by textile reinforced concrete (TRC) system. The flexural failure test results revealed that the TRC system-strengthened specimens develop load-carrying capacity that is improved to at least 150% compared to the non-strengthened specimen. The strengthening performance was not significantly influenced by the textile coating and was not proportional to the amount of reinforcement when this amount was increased, owing to the change in the failure mode. The outstanding constructability afforded by TRC strengthening was verified through field applications executing TRC strengthening by shotcreting on a concrete box culvert.
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Petzoldt, Carolin, Sandra Gelbrich, Meike Röhrkohl, Christian Müller, Johannes Freund, and Lothar Kroll. "Textile Reinforced Lightweight Shells." Materials Science Forum 825-826 (July 2015): 319–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.825-826.319.
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Modern architecture is dominated by the tendency to design organically shaped filigree buildings. The resource and energy efficient construction of multifunctional buildings is as important as a broad variety of possible shapes. Multi-material support structures and shell constructions in lightweight design that also take over e. g. lighting and monitoring are needed for these purposes. Textile reinforced lightweight shell structures have been developed at Technische Universität Chemnitz within the scope of research projects. They consist of a hybrid material from carbon-fiber-reinforced concrete and glass-fiber-reinforced plastic. Thanks to the coupling of the positive material characteristics, the combination of two different composite materials results in a hybrid material with a total thickness of 15 mm, which has a high fatigue strength (XF4) and surface quality (exposed concrete). Furthermore, the hybrid is characterized by excellent compressive strength (120 MPa) and bending tensile strength (150 MPa), low susceptibility to corrosion and free formability. Therefore, it is highly suitable for thin-walled filigree lightweight shell structures. A research pavilion with a size of 4 x 4 x 3 m3 (l x w x h), made from textile reinforced lightweight shells, was built on the campus of TU Chemnitz, to test the theoretical investigations. Specially developed tensile sensors for the active lighting and determination of the elongations were integrated into the different layers. This aimed at an online-monitoring of the shell support structure.
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Fidelis, Maria Ernestina Alves, Flávio de Andrade Silva, and Romildo Dias Toledo Filho. "The Influence of Fiber Treatment on the Mechanical Behavior of Jute Textile Reinforced Concrete." Key Engineering Materials 600 (March 2014): 469–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.600.469.
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In the present work a natural textile reinforced concrete (TRC) was developed and mechanically characterized. A fabric made of jute, a natural occurring fiber, was used as reinforcement in a fine grained cementitious matrix with a low content of calcium hydroxide. Tensile tests were performed on TRC reinforced with 3 and 5 layers of jute fabric. The mechanical tensile tests were coupled with image analysis in order to measure the crack spacing and the results were correlated with the applied tensile strain. Various stages of loading corresponding to initiation, propagation, distribution, opening, and localization of a crack system in the specimen are discussed. In order to improve the fiber-matrix interface the jute fabric was treated with a polymer based coating.
13
Chudoba, Rostislav, Ehsan Sharei, Tilo Senckpiel-Peters, and Frank Schladitz. "Numerical Modeling of Non-Uniformly Reinforced Carbon Concrete Lightweight Ceiling Elements." Applied Sciences 9, no. 11 (June 7, 2019): 2348. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app9112348.
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The paper focuses on the specifics of macro-scale modeling of thin-walled textile-reinforced concrete shells. Application of layered shell finite elements requires systematic procedures for identification of material characteristics associated with the individual layers within the cross section. The identification of the material parameters describing the tensile behavior of a composite cross section is done using data obtained from the tensile test. Such test is usually performed only for a reference configurations with a simple layup of fabrics and a chosen thickness. The question is how to derive the strain-hardening response from the tensile test that is relevant for a changed cross-sectional configuration. We describe and discuss scaling and mixture rules that can be used to modify the material parameters for modified cross-sectional layups. The rules are examined in the context of the test results obtained on a shell that was reinforced non-uniformly, with varying types of textile fabrics and varying thickness within the shell surface.
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Ngo, Dang Quang, Huy Cuong Nguyen, Dinh Loc Mai, and Van Hiep Vu. "Experimental and Numerical Evaluation of Concentrically Loaded RC Columns Strengthening by Textile Reinforced Concrete Jacketing." Civil Engineering Journal 6, no. 8 (August 1, 2020): 1428–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.28991/cej-2020-03091558.
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Nowadays, Textile Reinforced Concrete (TRC) has become a very popular strengthening technique for concrete structures. This paper presents an investigation on the applicability of TRC for strengthening reinforced concrete column. Both experimental and numerical studies are conducted to evaluate the confinement effects of various TRC strengthening schemes. The experimental study is performed on a series of six reinforced concrete square columns tested to failure. Two of them were un-strengthened as references, the other four were strengthened by one or two layers of Carbon Textile Reinforced Concrete (CTRC). The results indicated that the application of carbon TRC enhanced the ductility and ultimate strength of the specimens. Failure of all strengthened columns was together with tensile rupture of textile reinforcements at the corners of column. Finite element models of the CTRC strengthened columns based on ATENA software package were developed and verified with the experimental results. The analytical results show that in the specimen corner areas, textile reinforcements are subjected to a 3D complicated stress state and this may be the cause of their premature failure.
15
Kim, Hyeong-Yeol, Young-Jun You, and Gum-Sung Ryu. "Reinforced Concrete Slabs Strengthened with Carbon Textile Grid and Cementitious Grout." Materials 14, no. 17 (September 3, 2021): 5046. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14175046.
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A textile reinforced concrete (TRC) system has been widely used for repair and strengthening of deteriorated reinforced concrete (RC) structures. This paper proposes an accelerated on-site installation method of a TRC system by grouting to strengthen deteriorated RC structures. Four RC slabs were strengthened with one ply of carbon textile grid and 20 mm-thick cementitious grout. The TRC strengthened slab specimens were tested under flexure and the test results were compared with those of an unstrengthened specimen and theoretical solutions. Furthermore, the TRC strengthened specimens experienced longer plastic deformation after steel yield than the unstrengthened specimen. The TRC strengthened specimens exhibited many fine cracks and finally failed by rupture of the textile. Therefore, TRC system with the proposed installation method can effectively be used for strengthening of deteriorated RC structural elements. The theoretically computed steel yield and ultimate loads overestimate the test data by 11% and 5%, respectively.
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Yu, Xiao Qing, Mao Lin, Guang Long Geng, Na Wei, and Li Jia. "Study on Mechanical Properties of Steel Fiber Reinforced Concrete." Applied Mechanics and Materials 252 (December 2012): 280–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.252.280.
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This study through a large number of experiments on the mechanical properties of steel fiber reinforced concrete, with reference to the relevant test data test with specimen, concrete static compression, splitting tensile, flexural comparative tests, comparative analysis of steel fiber on the mechanical properties of concrete.
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Ding, Xinxin, Changyong Li, Minglei Zhao, Jie Li, Haibin Geng, and Lei Lian. "Tensile Behavior of Self-Compacting Steel Fiber Reinforced Concrete Evaluated by Different Test Methods." Crystals 11, no. 3 (February 28, 2021): 251. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cryst11030251.
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Due to the mechanical properties related closely to the distribution of steel fibers in concrete matrix, the assessment of tensile strength of self-compacting steel fiber reinforced concrete (SFRC) is significant for the engineering application. In this paper, seven groups of self-compacting SFRC were produced with the mix proportion designed by using the steel fiber-aggregates skeleton packing test method. The hooked-end steel fibers with length of 25.1 mm, 29.8 mm and 34.8 mm were used, and the volume fraction varied from 0.4% to 1.4%. The axial tensile test of notched sectional prism specimen and the splitting tensile test of cube specimen were carried out. Results show that the axial tensile strength was higher than the splitting tensile strength for the same self-compacting SFRC, the axial tensile work and toughness was not related to the length of steel fiber. Finally, the equations for the prediction of tensile strength of self-compacting SFRC are proposed considering the fiber distribution and fiber factor, and the adaptability of splitting tensile test for self-compacting SFRC is discussed.
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Ming, Liu, Yin Shi-Ping, and Cong Xi. "Seismic behavior of textile-reinforced concrete–strengthened RC columns under different axial compression ratios." Journal of Engineered Fibers and Fabrics 14 (January 2019): 155892501986570. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1558925019865705.
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To study the effect of various axial compression ratios on the seismic behavior of reinforced concrete (RC) columns strengthened with textile-reinforced concrete, in this study, an RC column model is established using the finite element analysis software, ABAQUS. This model’s seismic performance under earthquakes is investigated, and the numerical analysis results of the two test pieces are compared with the test results to verify the correctness of the model. The results show that the initial stage of RC loading is under the three-way restraint of the axial force and textile-reinforced concrete material. The yield load and peak load of the textile-reinforced concrete–strengthened RC column increase with the increase in the axial compression ratio. However, the increase in the axial pressure during the loading process accelerates the crack development. The displacement ductility coefficient and the energy dissipation capacity of the specimen are reduced as the axial compression ratio increases. The numerical calculation results of the textile-reinforced concrete–strengthened RC column are in good agreement with the experimental results, indicating that the numerical model based on ABAQUS is reasonable.
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Ding, Yi Ning, and Ying Chao Yan. "Experimental Investigation on Uniaxial Tensile Properties of Steel Fiber Reinforced Concrete." Applied Mechanics and Materials 94-96 (September 2011): 731–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.94-96.731.
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Abstract. This paper deals with the tensile behaviour of steel fiber reinforced concrete with respect to fibers content. A series of experimental tests were conducted to investigate uniaxial tensile ductility by using epoxy adhesive method. The specimen dimension was 100×100×200mm3 and the content of steel fiber was 20kg/m3, 40 kg/m3, 60 kg/m3 and 80 kg/m3, respectively. The test results showed that steel fiber can improve the tensile property effectively.
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Zhang, Juan Xia, Xian Zhang Guo, Sheng Guang Zhuo, and Chun An Tang. "Stress Distribution Rule of Reinforced Concrete Specimen under Uniaxial Tension." Applied Mechanics and Materials 117-119 (October 2011): 53–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.117-119.53.
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A numerical test code named RFPA (Realistic Failure Process Analysis) was used to investigate the stress filed transformation process of the reinforced concrete specimen under uniaxial tensile loading. The periodically distributed fracture spacing phenomenon exists in the reinforced concrete structure and the concrete cover thickness was an important factor influence the average crack spacing and crack number. The numerical simulation results show that the stress fields on the concrete between the two adjacent cracks go through a variation process from tensile stress to compressive stress with the increasing of the concrete cover thickness value. It is clear that the stress distribution and fracture spacing were related to the concrete cover thickness under the condition that the materials characteristics were certain (such as concrete and reinforcement materials).In addition, if there was a new crack produced, the location was sure in the middle of the two adjacent cracks since the maximum stress occurred in the middle of the two adjacent cracks. So, it indicates that the concrete cover thickness can influence the average fracture spacing and the crack number in the reinforced concrete prism specimen.
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D’Anna, Jennifer, Giuseppina Amato, Jianfei Chen, Giovanni Minafò, and Lidia La Mendola. "Effects of Different Test Setups on the Experimental Tensile Behaviour of Basalt Fibre Bidirectional Grids for FRCM Composites." Fibers 8, no. 11 (November 8, 2020): 68. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/fib8110068.
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Fibre-reinforced cementitious matrix (FRCM) composites have been effectively used during the last ten years for the strengthening of existing concrete and masonry structures. These composite materials are made of medium- and high-strength fibre meshes embedded in inorganic matrices. Synthetic fibres are the ones that are currently the most used; however, natural fibres, such as basalt fibres, have recently been receiving growing attention. This work presents an extensive experimental study on the mechanical characterisation of a primed basalt fibre bidirectional grid. Fifty monotonic tensile tests on basalt grid strips were performed by varying different parameters, such as the dimension of the specimens, the clamping system, the measurement system and the test rate. Some of the tests were carried out using a video-extensometer to measure each specimen’s strain. The aim of the study was to find the most suitable setup for the tensile characterisation of basalt textiles, in particular, to prevent slippage of the samples at the gripping area and fully exploit the tensile capacity of the grid.
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Gelbrich, Sandra, Henrik L. Funke, Andreas Ehrlich, and Lothar Kroll. "Flexible fiber-reinforced plastic formworks for the production of curved textile-reinforced concrete." Advances in Structural Engineering 21, no. 4 (October 5, 2017): 580–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1369433217732681.
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A new constructive and technological approach was developed for the efficient production of large-dimensioned, curved freeform formworks, which allows the manufacturing of single- and double-curved textile-reinforced concrete elements. The approach is based on a flexible, multi-layered formwork system, which consists of glass fiber–reinforced plastic. Using the unusual structural behavior caused by anisotropy, these glass fiber–reinforced plastic formwork elements permit a specific adjustment of defined curvature. The system design of the developed glass fiber–reinforced plastic formwork and the concrete-lightweight-elements with stabilized spacer fabric was examined exhaustively. Prototypical curved freeform surfaces with different curvature radii were designed, numerically computed, and produced. Furthermore, the fabric’s contour accuracy of the fabric was verified, and its integration was adjusted to loads. The developed textile-reinforced concrete had a high three-point bending tensile strength. Beyond that it was ensured that the textile-reinforced concrete had a high durability, which has been shown by the capillary suction of deicing solution and freeze–thaw test with a low amount of scaled material and a relative dynamic E-modulus of 100% after 28 freeze–thaw cycles.
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Li, Fan, Ling Wang, Ming Jie Zhou, and Xue Yong Wang. "An Experimental Study on Effect Factors of Post-Installed Bar in Concrete Anchorage and Bonding Performance." Advanced Materials Research 150-151 (October 2010): 460–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.150-151.460.
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The bonding properties of post-installed bar in concrete are fundamental to evaluate the results of reinforced concrete. Including 102 specimen of post-installed bar and 18 specimen of embedded bar, 120 specimens were tested by pull-out test altogether. Comparative analysis considering diameter of steel bar, tensile strength of concrete, anchoring depth of steel bar, anchorage aperture are conducted. Based on the experimental results, it is shown that the bonding properties of post-installed bar are significantly influenced by steel bar, concrete tensile strength, installed depth bar and anchorage aperture. The ultimate average pullout forces of steels in specimen of post-installed bar and specimen of embedded bar are nearly equal. Three kinds of failure models are obtained. The experimental results can be useful for analyzing and evaluating bonding behaviors of post-installed bar in concrete.
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Chowdhury, Md Arman, Md Mashfiqul Islam, and Zubayer Ibna Zahid. "Finite Element Modeling of Compressive and Splitting Tensile Behavior of Plain Concrete and Steel Fiber Reinforced Concrete Cylinder Specimens." Advances in Civil Engineering 2016 (2016): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/6579434.
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Plain concrete and steel fiber reinforced concrete (SFRC) cylinder specimens are modeled in the finite element (FE) platform of ANSYS 10.0 and validated with the experimental results and failure patterns. Experimental investigations are conducted to study the increase in compressive and tensile capacity of cylindrical specimens made of stone and brick concrete and SFRC. Satisfactory compressive and tensile capacity improvement is observed by adding steel fibers of 1.5% volumetric ratio. A total of 8 numbers of cylinder specimens are cast and tested in 1000 kN capacity digital universal testing machine (UTM) and also modeled in ANSYS. The enhancement of compressive strength and splitting tensile strength of SFRC specimen is achieved up to 17% and 146%, respectively, compared to respective plain concrete specimen. Results gathered from finite element analyses are validated with the experimental test results by identifying as well as optimizing the controlling parameters to make FE models. Modulus of elasticity, Poisson’s ratio, stress-strain behavior, tensile strength, density, and shear transfer coefficients for open and closed cracks are found to be the main governing parameters for successful model of plain concrete and SFRC in FE platform. After proper evaluation and logical optimization of these parameters by extensive analyses, finite element (FE) models showed a good correlation with the experimental results.
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Xia, Wei, Jinyu Xu, Zhihang Wang, Zhe Huang, and Gaojie Liu. "Experimental Study on Dynamic Splitting Tensile Failure Mode of Carbon Nanofibers Reinforced Concrete." E3S Web of Conferences 198 (2020): 01042. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202019801042.
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Carbon nanofibers (CNFs) were used as admixtures to modify traditional concrete, and carbon nanofibers reinforced concrete (CNFC) with fiber volume fraction of 0%, 0.1%, 0.2%, 0.3% and 0.5% were prepared. The dynamic splitting tensile tests of concrete with different fiber volume contents under five loading rates were carried out by using the Φ100 mm split Hopkinson pressure bar (SHPB) test device. Based on the observation and analysis of the failure modes of the specimens, combined with the energy change rate of incident wave, the failure characteristics of CNFC under dynamic splitting tensile load are expounded. The results show that: the addition of CNFs has a certain inhibition effect on the dynamic splitting tensile failure of concrete; the failure modes of the specimens are the central failure along the loading direction; with the increase of the energy change rate of incident wave, the damage degree of the specimen is gradually aggravated.
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Tien, Tran Manh, Xuan Hong Vu, Dao Phuc Lam, and Pham Duc Tho. "A 3-D finite element modeling for the textile-reinforced concrete plates under tensile load using a non-linear behaviour for cementitious matrix." Journal of Science and Technology in Civil Engineering (STCE) - NUCE 15, no. 1 (January 22, 2021): 67–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.31814/stce.nuce2021-15(1)-06.
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A big question in the numerical approaches for the mechanical behavior of the textile-reinforced concrete (TRC) composite under tensile loading is how to model the cracking of the cementitious matrix. This paper presents numerical results of 3-D modeling of TRC composite in which the non-linear behavior model was used by considering the cracking for the cementitious matrix. The input data based on the experimental results in the literature. As numerical results, the TRC composite provides a strain-hardening behavior with three phases in which the second one is characterized by the drops in stress on the stress-strain curve. Furthermore, this model could show the failure mode of the TRC specimen with the multi-cracking on its surface after the numerical tests. From this model, the development of a crack from micro-crack to macro at a cross-section was highlighted. The stress jumps in reinforcement textile after each crack was also observed and analyzed. In comparison with the experiment, a good agreement between both results was found for all cases of this study. A parametric study could show the effect of the length and position of the measurement zone on the stress-strain curve of TRC’s mechanical behavior.
Keywords:
textile reinforced concrete (TRC); cementitious matrix; textile reinforcement; mechanical behaviour; numerical modeling.
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Adam, Viviane, Jan Bielak, Christian Dommes, Norbert Will, and Josef Hegger. "Flexural and Shear Tests on Reinforced Concrete Bridge Deck Slab Segments with a Textile-Reinforced Concrete Strengthening Layer." Materials 13, no. 18 (September 22, 2020): 4210. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma13184210.
Full textAbstract:
Many older bridges feature capacity deficiencies. This is mainly due to changes in code provisions which came along with stricter design rules and increasing traffic, leading to higher loads on the structure. To address capacity deficiencies of bridges, refined structural analyses with more detailed design approaches can be applied. If bridge assessment does not provide sufficient capacity, strengthening can be a pertinent solution to extend the bridge’s service lifetime. For numerous cases, applying an extra layer of textile-reinforced concrete (TRC) can be a convenient method to achieve the required resistance. Here, carbon fibre-reinforced polymer reinforcement together with a high-performance mortar was used within the scope of developing a strengthening layer for bridge deck slabs, called SMART-DECK. Due to the high tensile strength of the carbon and its resistance to corrosion, a thin layer with high strength and low additional dead load can be realised. While the strengthening effect of TRC for slabs under flexural loading has already been investigated several times, the presented test programme also covered increase in shear capacity, which is the other crucial failure mode to be considered in design. A total of 14 large-scale tests on TRC-strengthened slab segments were tested under static and cyclic loading. The experimental study revealed high increases in capacity for both bending and shear failure.
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Tien, Tran Manh, Xuan Hong Vu, Emmanuel Ferrier, Pham Duc Tho, and Bui Thi Loan. "Experimental investigation and analytical modeling of the crack width effect on the fire performance of carbon textile-reinforced concrete composite." Journal of Science and Technology in Civil Engineering (STCE) - NUCE 15, no. 3 (August 16, 2021): 81–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.31814/stce.nuce2021-15(3)-07.
Full textAbstract:
In comparison with fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) composite, the textile-reinforced concrete (TRC) presents stability in mechanical performance at elevated temperatures thanks to a thermal protection layer by the cementitious matrix. This paper presents the experimental characterization and analytical modeling for fire performance of carbon TRC under the thermomechanical regime at constant tensile force. The carbon TRC is manufactured from the cementitious matrix with good thermal properties (refractory matrix) and the reinforcement of carbon textiles. In the experiment, the ultimate strength of the carbon TRC specimen was firstly identified from the direct tensile tests at ambient temperature. Afterwards, in the thermomechanical regime, the fire performance of carbon TRC specimens according to 5 loading levels ranging from 10% to 75% related to its ultimate strength was determined. As a result, the effect of crack appearance on this thermomechanical performance was highlighted and analyzed. For the analytical modeling, a model was calibrated with the experimental results to predict the fire performance of carbon TRC by taking into account the effect of crack width.
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Kessentini, Rawdha, Olga Klinkova, Imad Tawfiq, and Mohamed Haddar. "Theoretical and Experimental Investigation of Bonded Patch Repairs of a Rubber Reinforced Composite Conveyor Belt." Polymers 13, no. 11 (May 24, 2021): 1710. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym13111710.
Full textAbstract:
The present study proposes a reparation method for designing and optimizing a rubber to rubber and rubber to textile reinforcement. The present application is the conveyor belt used in the transport industry. The tensile behavior of the repaired specimens was studied using experimental results. A bidirectional linear analysis allows us to predict the effect of geometric parameters on the stress concentration zone of the repaired belt under hygro-thermo mechanical loading and its consequence on the integrity of the structure. A tensile test was carried out in order to investigate the behavior of a repaired specimen made with a rubber cover patch and an inner composite patch. Two stacking sequences of an inner composite patch and the material properties are considered in the parametric study in order to reduce the stress concentration in the parent belt. The correlation between the theoretical and experimental results allows us to define a strength tool to understand the load transfer from rubber to a textile rubber patch.
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Tang, Xian Xi, Jin Bao Liang, Yan Peng Zhu, Xian Zhou Tang, and Yue Xu. "Experimental Study on Strain Performance of Tensile Reinforcement under Fatigue Loads." Applied Mechanics and Materials 351-352 (August 2013): 1625–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.351-352.1625.
Full textAbstract:
As for the study on the strain performance of tensile reinforcement under the fatigue loads with amplitude of certain values, two groups of reinforced concrete slab bridge specimen were made. The fatigue test was carried out on one group of specimen, and the corresponding static load test was carried out on another group of specimen, the experimental study on the strain performance of tensile reinforcement was carried on bottom of the mid span of slabs. The results of the study shown that, under the fatigue loads at a certain amplitude, the strain performance of the tensile reinforcement tend to be stable with the increase of number of fatigue cycle, the strain value showed certain linear relationship with static load applied. When the fatigue amplitude increased, the change rule of strain with static load value applied was approximately linear, but the strain value increased more than the fatigue amplitude less under the same static load. It could be seen through the comparison of load - strain curve of the static load specimen, after effect of compressive fatigue with certain amplitude, the strain change with load applied was close to linear change, which has great relationship with the effect on concrete and reinforcement plastic deformation by fatigue load. The test results had the vital significance of further research on reinforcement performance under the action of fatigue loads.
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Karthiyaini, S., K. Senthamaraikannan, J. Priyadarshini, Kamal Gupta, and M. Shanmugasundaram. "Prediction of Mechanical Strength of Fiber Admixed Concrete Using Multiple Regression Analysis and Artificial Neural Network." Advances in Materials Science and Engineering 2019 (May 7, 2019): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/4654070.
Full textAbstract:
The present study is to compare the multiple regression analysis (MRA) model and artificial neural network (ANN) model designed to predict the mechanical strength of fiber-reinforced concrete on 28 days. The model uses the data from early literatures; the data consist of tensile strength of fiber, percentage of fiber, water/cement ratio, cross-sectional area of test specimen, Young’s modulus of fiber, and mechanical strength of control specimen, and these were used as the input parameters; the respective strength attained was used as the target parameter. The models are created and are used to predict compressive, split tensile, and flexural strength of fiber admixed concrete. These models are evaluated through the statistical test such as coefficient of determination (R2) and root mean squared error (RMSE). The results show that these parameters produce a valid model through both MRA and ANN, and this model gives more precise prediction for the fiber admixed concrete.
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Muhtar, Sri Murni Dewi, Wisnumurti, and As’ad Munawir. "The flexural behavior model of bamboo reinforced concrete beams using a hose clamp." MATEC Web of Conferences 276 (2019): 01033. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201927601033.
Full textAbstract:
Bamboo can use at the simple concrete construction because of the tensile strength of its mechanical property. Meanwhile, a slippery surface of the bamboo caused cracks in the bamboo reinforced concrete beam (BRC) not to spread and yield slip failure between a bamboo bar and concrete. Load test at the BRC beam yield humble load capacity. This study aims to improve the capacity and behavior of BRC beam bending by giving waterproof coating, sand, and hose clamp installation. The beam test specimen with the size of 75x150x1100mm made as many as 26 pieces with the variety of reinforcement. The hose clamp used on the bamboo reinforcement varies with a distance of 0 cm, 15 cm, 20 cm, and 25 cm. The testing using a simple beam with two-point loading. The test results show that BRC beams have different bending behavior compared to the steel reinforced concrete beam (SRC).
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Shrestha, Kshitij C., Takayoshi Aoki, Mitsuhiro Miyamoto, Phuntsho Wangmo, and Pema. "In-Plane Shear Resistance between the Rammed Earth Blocks with Simple Interventions: Experimentation and Finite Element Study." Buildings 10, no. 3 (March 13, 2020): 57. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/buildings10030057.
Full textAbstract:
The paper presents experimental and numerical works to assess the in-plane shear characteristics of rammed earth (RE) structures in Bhutan. The material characterization works involve compressive and tensile splitting strength tests on extracted cylindrical core samples. The effects of the RE layer thickness and drying period in the strength characteristics of the rammed earth is presented. The main experimental part reports in-plane shear tests on 3 test specimens, 1200 mm long, 1200 mm high, and 600 mm wide. The test matrix has unreinforced and reinforced specimens with variable RE layer thicknesses. For the reinforced RE specimen, the effectiveness of a simple intervention with insertion of reinforced concrete dowel at the RE block interface as a strengthening measure is discussed. Furthermore, corresponding finite element models were developed to verify the test observations. Both the experimental observations and numerical computations showed the effectiveness of proposed intervention technique in enhancing the shear strength and delaying the slip along the RE joint interface. The results showed that the shear strength of the reinforced specimen increased by 12.3% over the benchmark specimen.
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Cortés, Gonzalo, Elisabet Suarez, Antolino Gallego, and Amadeo Benavent-Climent. "Health monitoring of reinforced concrete structures with hysteretic dampers subjected to dynamical loads by means of the acoustic emission energy." Structural Health Monitoring 18, no. 5-6 (November 27, 2018): 1836–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1475921718813489.
Full textAbstract:
A test specimen representing a scaled reinforced concrete frame structure with hysteretic dampers was subjected to sequential seismic simulations of incremental peak acceleration on a 3 × 3 m2 shaking table. From this specimen, two beam–column connections—one exterior and one interior—were continuously monitored with wideband low-frequency acoustic emission sensors properly attached on the structure. Complementing other Non-Destructive Testing (NDT) methods, acoustic emission has proven to be a reliable technology for structural health monitoring within a predictive maintenance program. In particular, it was found that the accumulated energy of acoustic emission signals—properly filtered by means of the root mean squared and the spectral partial power of the waveforms in order to avoid the influence of secondary sources—correlated well with the plastic strain energy released by the specimen. Moreover, the use of the rise angle and average frequency of the filtered acoustic emission signals allowed for successful discernment between tensile and shear cracks in the concrete. The acoustic emission energy associated with shear cracks was found to be substantially lesser than that corresponding to tensile crack. This observation is consistent with the fact that the beams and column of the tested reinforced concrete frame were designed under modern codes aimed at preventing the brittle shear failure of members.
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Dai, Jun, and Dong Cao. "Experimental Research on Tensile Strength Reduction of Concrete Caused by Microwave Irradiation." Applied Mechanics and Materials 405-408 (September 2013): 2789–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.405-408.2789.
Full textAbstract:
In order to understand the law on concrete degradation induced by microwave irradiation, the experimental research is conducted in which the following works are completed. At first, the different concrete specimens are exposed to microwave of various power levels for various time periods, and then some specimen irradiated by microwave are cooled in air, the other cooled by spraying water. After that, the tensile strengths of the heated and unheated specimens are measured with Brazilian test method. According to the test results, the reduction of tensile strength of plain concrete and steel-fiber reinforced concrete induced by microwave irradiation is analyzed, and the relations between the tensile strength reduction and the microwave exposure time and the effect of microwave power level on the residual tensile strength of concrete are obtained. The experimental research shows that the tensile strength reduction of concrete induced by microwave irradiation is dependent on the concrete component, microwave exposure time, microwave power level, and cooling method after irradiation. It is expected that the findings in the paper will become the basis of the future research of concrete and rock degradation induced by microwave irradiation, and will aim in searching the new method of breaking concrete and rock more efficiently.
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Chun, Booki, Wonsik Shin, Yun Sik Jang, and Doo-Yeol Yoo. "Tensile Performance Analysis of Ultra-Rapid-Hardening Fiber-Reinforced Concrete Based on Cement Kiln Dust Content." Journal of the Korean Society of Hazard Mitigation 20, no. 5 (October 31, 2020): 217–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.9798/kosham.2020.20.5.217.
Full textAbstract:
In this study, the effects of cement kiln dust and silica fume on the tensile performance of fiber-reinforced concrete mixtures comprising special materials and polyethylene fiber for the reinforcement of facilities were analyzed. For the purpose of repair, ultra-rapid-hardening cement with high C3A content was employed, and the cement was replaced with supplementary cementitious materials such as granulated ground blast furnace slag, limestone powder, cement kiln dust, and silica fume. Cement kiln dust was incorporated at 10%, 15%, 20%, 30%, 40%, and 50% weight of cement, and silica fume was incorporated at 20% and 40% weight of cement. Four hours after specimen fabrication, a direct tensile test was conducted. The obtained experimental results indicate that the tensile performance (including tensile strength, strain capacity, and energy dissipation capacity) is found to be significantly high when the content of silica fume is 20% and that of cement kiln dust is 15%.
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Fürst, Richard, Eliška Fürst, Tomáš Vlach, Jakub Řepka, Marek Pokorný, and Vladimír Mózer. "Use of Cement Suspension as an Alternative Matrix Material for Textile-Reinforced Concrete." Materials 14, no. 9 (April 22, 2021): 2127. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14092127.
Full textAbstract:
Textile-reinforced concrete (TRC) is a material consisting of high-performance concrete (HPC) and tensile reinforcement comprised of carbon roving with epoxy resin matrix. However, the problem of low epoxy resin resistance at higher temperatures persists. In this work, an alternative to the epoxy resin matrix, a non-combustible cement suspension (cement milk) which has proven stability at elevated temperatures, was evaluated. In the first part of the work, microscopic research was carried out to determine the distribution of particle sizes in the cement suspension. Subsequently, five series of plate samples differing in the type of cement and the method of textile reinforcement saturation were designed and prepared. Mechanical experiments (four-point bending tests) were carried out to verify the properties of each sample type. It was found that the highest efficiency of carbon roving saturation was achieved by using finer ground cement (CEM 52.5) and the pressure saturation method. Moreover, this solution also exhibited the best results in the four-point bending test. Finally, the use of CEM 52.5 in the cement matrix appears to be a feasible variant for TRC constructions that could overcome problems with its low temperature resistance.
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Bezerra, Augusto C. S., Priscila S. Maciel, Elaine C. S. Corrêa, Paulo R. R. Soares Junior, Maria T. P. Aguilar, and Paulo R. Cetlin. "Effect of High Temperature on the Mechanical Properties of Steel Fiber-Reinforced Concrete." Fibers 7, no. 12 (November 21, 2019): 100. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/fib7120100.
Full textAbstract:
The effect of high temperature on the mechanical properties of concrete reinforced by steel fibers with various aspect ratios has been investigated in this study. Concrete specimens were fabricated from four different concrete mixtures and cured for 28 days. After curing and natural drying, the specimens were annealed at a temperature of 500 °C for 3 h in an electric furnace. The compressive and tensile strengths as well as the elastic moduli of the produced specimens were determined. It was found that the mechanical properties (especially flexural toughness) of steel fiber-reinforced concrete were less affected by high temperature as compared to those of control concrete specimens. The flexural tensile strength of fiber-reinforced concrete measured after high-temperature treatment was almost equal to the value obtained for the reference concrete specimen at room temperature. It should be noted that the addition of steel fibers to concrete preserves its mechanical properties after exposure to a temperature of 500 °C due to fire for a period of up to 3 h, and thus is able to improve its high-temperature structural stability. The test results of this study indicate that the use of steel fibers in concrete-based materials significantly enhances their fire and hear-resistant characteristics.
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Beschi, Consuelo, Alberto Meda, and Paolo Riva. "Beam-Column Joint Retrofitting with High Performance Fiber Reinforced Concrete Jacketing." Applied Mechanics and Materials 82 (July 2011): 577–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.82.577.
Full textAbstract:
The possibility of strengthening existing R/C structures with a new technique based on the application of a High Performance Fiber Reinforced Concrete jacket is investigated herein, with the aim of studying the effectiveness of this technique for seismic retrofitting. The results of a beam-column joint full scale test simulating the behavior of existing beam-column joints are presented. The specimen have been subjected first to static loads and after to cyclic actions with increasing amplitude, up to failure. The tests demonstrated that, with the application of a HPFRC jacket, it was possible to remarkably increase the bearing capacity of the columns reaching also an adequate level of ductility, and the resistance of the beam column joints, with very little visible damage, thanks to the tensile strength contribution of HPFRC.
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Aryanto, Aris, and Berto Juergen Winata. "Tension Stiffening Behavior of Polypropylene Fiber- Reinforced Concrete Tension Members." Journal of Engineering and Technological Sciences 53, no. 2 (April 30, 2021): 210209. http://dx.doi.org/10.5614/j.eng.technol.sci.2021.53.2.9.
Full textAbstract:
This paper focuses on comparing the behavior of RC tension members with and without the addition of polypropylene fibers at various corrosion levels. Eight cylindrical tensile specimens were tested to evaluate their tension-stiffening and cracking behavior. The content of polypropylene fiber added into the concrete mix was the main variable (0.25%, 0.50%, 0.75%, and 1.0% of total volume). The corrosion level was varied from slight (5%), medium (10%) to severe (30%) and, like the other variables, applied only to 1.0% polypropylene fiber-reinforced concrete (PFRC) specimens. The test results showed that the fiber addition significantly increased the tension-stiffening effect but was largely unable to reduce the effect of bond degradation caused by corrosion. Moreover, the addition of polypropylene fibers was able to improve the cracking behavior in terms of crack propagation, as shown by smaller crack spacing compared to the specimen without fiber addition at the same corrosion level.
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Hokes, Filip, Jiri Kala, and Ivan Nemec. "Video analysis of response of reinforced concrete beam to impact loading during drop test." MATEC Web of Conferences 310 (2020): 00049. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/202031000049.
Full textAbstract:
A response of concrete and reinforced concrete structures to very rapid dynamic loading shows an increase of both tensile and compressive strength. This behaviour is also accompanied by an increase of stiffness of the structure. Described response can be numerically simulated only with adequate viscous nonlinear material model of concrete. The problem of these simulations is based not only on a necessity of a derivation of the right material model but also on viscous parameters whose values are not known in advance. The proposed article deals with experimental research of the response of the reinforced concrete beam exposed to impact loading during drop test. The beam response was measured with conventional strain gauges and accelerometers and whole experiment was recorded with 1000 frames per second by slow motion camera. Measured values of vertical acceleration were then compared with results of software analysis of slow-motion video footage. The paper contains the description of the experimental research, the comparison of conventional measurements with video analysis and the simulated response of the specimen in the software based on the finite element method using the viscous material model of concrete.
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Jang, Il Young, Seong Kyum Kim, Ji Sik Kim, Ki Yong Ann, and Chang Geun Cho. "Detection of Reinforced Concrete Crack Using Mechano-Luminescence Paint." Applied Mechanics and Materials 316-317 (April 2013): 1049–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.316-317.1049.
Full textAbstract:
As a nonuniform and unisotropic material with a relatively low tensile strength in spite of high compression strength, a concrete material is vulnerable to bending and tension. Due to the mechanical properties of the current reinforced concrete structures, it is hard for concrete materials to avoid the damages caused by cracks. Although cracks are the easiest things to detect and the most effectively repairable things due to their characteristics, it is very hard to measure them efficiently. In this research, the author measured cracks by visualizing them through mechano- luminescence(ML) paint. By applying ML paint on the surface of the specimen and using the 3-point bending test, the author conducted a quantitative evaluation on the mechanical properties of cracks such as the cracking aspect and length of reinforced concrete. Through the results of this research, the author confirmed the crack propagation speed by section and the mechanical correlation such as between loads and cracks and between deflection and cracks, which means this research was quite successful in analyzing the characteristics of cracks.
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Chalioris, Kosmidou, and Karayannis. "Cyclic Response of Steel Fiber Reinforced Concrete Slender Beams; an Experimental Study." Materials 12, no. 9 (April 29, 2019): 1398. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma12091398.
Full textAbstract:
Reinforced concrete (RC) beams under cyclic loading usually suffer from reduced aggregate interlock and eventually weakened concrete compression zone due to severe cracking and the brittle nature of compressive failure. On the other hand, the addition of steel fibers can reduce and delay cracking and increase the flexural/shear capacity and the ductility of RC beams. The influence of steel fibers on the response of RC beams with conventional steel reinforcements subjected to reversal loading by a four-point bending scheme was experimentally investigated. Three slender beams, each 2.5 m long with a rectangular cross-section, were constructed and tested for the purposes of this investigation; two beams using steel fibrous reinforced concrete and one with plain reinforced concrete as the reference specimen. Hook-ended steel fibers, each with a length-to-diameter ratio equal to 44 and two different volumetric proportions (1% and 3%), were added to the steel fiber reinforced concrete (SFRC) beams. Accompanying, compression, and splitting tests were also carried out to evaluate the compressive and tensile splitting strength of the used fibrous concrete mixtures. Test results concerning the hysteretic response based on the energy dissipation capabilities (also in terms of equivalent viscous damping), the damage indices, the cracking performance, and the failure of the examined beams were presented and discussed. Test results indicated that the SFRC beam demonstrated improved overall hysteretic response, increased absorbed energy capacities, enhanced cracking patterns, and altered failure character from concrete crushing to a ductile flexural one compared to the RC beam. The non-fibrous reference specimen demonstrated shear diagonal cracking failing in a brittle manner, whereas the SFRC beam with 1% steel fibers failed after concrete spalling with satisfactory ductility. The SFRC beam with 3% steel fibers exhibited an improved cyclic response, achieving a pronounced flexural behavior with significant ductility due to the ability of the fibers to transfer the developed tensile stresses across crack surfaces, preventing inclined shear cracks or concrete spalling. A report of an experimental database consisting of 39 beam specimens tested under cyclic loading was also presented in order to establish the effectiveness of steel fibers, examine the fiber content efficiency and clarify their role on the hysteretic response and the failure mode of RC structural members.
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Liu, Jie, Deng Jun Yi, Jian Cai, Shi Wei Luo, and Lei Xiao. "Under Uniaxial Compression of Rock Specimens of Two Cracking of Shear Failure Mode Analysis." Advanced Materials Research 415-417 (December 2011): 1553–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.415-417.1553.
Full textAbstract:
The dissertation introduced first simple uniaxial compression test of concrete, and in the specimen under uniaxial compression of the breakage mode reinforced and improved. For tensile destruction and shear failure damage model, bring forward the corresponding calculation model and some model set up compressive strength and tensile strength of the interrelations with each other, analysis of compressive strength and much higher than the tensile strength.In addition, from different model, drew diagrams with Matlab software，analysis of the compressive strength and tensile strength of the intrinsic value of relations.Finally, model for the primary split breakage and that shear failure can be ignored, used the buckling theory and the theory of mutation analysis, and calculated the corresponding critical stress.
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Ginting, Rahelina. "KUAT TEKAN BETON DENGAN BESI TULANGAN D13." Jurnal Darma Agung 27, no. 2 (July 31, 2019): 1012. http://dx.doi.org/10.46930/ojsuda.v27i2.275.
Full textAbstract:
The reinforced concrete structures are structures that are very reliable in their current strength and are widely used in the construction of tall buildings and other constructions. The building structure requires medium quality concrete and high quality to compensate for the greater tensile stress used to support the structural components.As there is a need to an increase the quality of concrete by adding screw iron to fresh concrete, added material of screw concrete D13 was chosen which is well-used both in plate planning and practical columns to be used as added material aimed at increasing the tensile stress of the concrete. This research aims at finding the high effect of strong and sticky between concrete and threaded reinforced. Research method used is experiment by using sample in the form cylinder in which the diameter is 15 cm and 30 cm. Each specimen is 6 with variations of each 3 samples examined at 7 days and 3 other samples at 28 days where the quality of the concrete used was f’c 25 MPa which was medium quality concrete. The tool used is Universal Test Machine (UTM) with a pull out test. The sticky strength obtained from the 1986 Nawy Method is 8.044 MPa, the Oragun Et Al Method is 8.861 MPa, the Kim Method and the 2015 Park are 17.417 MPa
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Al-Lami, Karrar, Tommaso D’Antino, and Pierluigi Colombi. "Durability of Fabric-Reinforced Cementitious Matrix (FRCM) Composites: A Review." Applied Sciences 10, no. 5 (March 2, 2020): 1714. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10051714.
Full textAbstract:
Strengthening and rehabilitation of masonry and concrete structures by means of externally bonded fabric-reinforced cementitious matrix (FRCM) (also referred to as textile reinforced mortar (TRM)) composites was proposed as an alternative to the use of fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) composites due to their good mechanical properties and compatibility with the substrate. However, quite limited studies are available in the literature regarding the long-term behavior of FRCM composites with respect to different environmental conditions. This paper presents a thorough review of the available researches on the long-term behavior of FRCM composites. Namely, (i) test set-ups employed to study the FRCM durability, (ii) conditioning environments adopted, and (iii) long-term performance of FRCM and its component materials (mortar and fiber textile) subjected to direct tensile and bond tests, are presented and discussed. Based on the available results, some open issues that need to be covered in future studies are pointed out.
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Zhu, Zhende, Cong Zhang, Songsong Meng, Zhenyue Shi, Shanzhi Tao, and Duan Zhu. "A Statistical Damage Constitutive Model Based on the Weibull Distribution for Alkali-Resistant Glass Fiber Reinforced Concrete." Materials 12, no. 12 (June 13, 2019): 1908. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma12121908.
Full textAbstract:
The addition of alkali-resistant glass fiber to concrete effectively suppresses the damage evolution such as microcrack initiation, expansion, and nucleation and inhibits the development and penetration of microcracks, which is very important for the long-term stability and safety of concrete structures. We conducted indoor flat tensile tests to determine the occurrence and development of cracks in alkali-resistant glass fiber reinforced concrete (AR-GFRC). The composite material theory and Krajcinovic vector damage theory were used to correct the quantitative expressions of the fiber discontinuity and the elastic modulus of the concrete. The Weibull distribution function was used and an equation describing the damage evolution of the AR-GFRC was derived. The constitutive equation was validated using numerical parameter calculations based on the elastic modulus, the fiber content, and a performance test of polypropylene fiber. The results showed that the tensile strength and peak strength of the specimen were highest at a concrete fiber content of 1%. The changes in the macroscopic stress–strain curve of the AR-GFRC were determined and characterized by the model. The results of this study provide theoretical support and reference data to ensure safety and reliability for practical concrete engineering.
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Thuong, Ngo Tri. "Effect of confining pressure on shear resistance of ultra-high-performance fiber reinforced concrete." Journal of Science and Technology in Civil Engineering (STCE) - NUCE 14, no. 2 (April 17, 2020): 108–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.31814/stce.nuce2020-14(2)-10.
Full textAbstract:
Effect of confining pressure on the shear resistance of ultra-high-performance fiber-reinforced concrete (UHPFRCs), containing 1.5% volume content (1.5 vol.-%) of short smooth steel fiber (SS, l = 13, d = 0.2 mm) and long smooth steel fiber (LS, l = 30, d = 0.3 mm), was investigated using a new shear test method. Three levels of confining pressure were generated and maintained to the longitudinal axis of the specimen prior shear loading was applied. The test results exhibited that the shear strength of UHPFRCs was obviously sensitive to the confining pressure: the higher confining pressure produced higher shear strength. UHPFRC reinforced with 1.5 vol.-% long smooth steel fiber exhibited higher shear resistance than those reinforced with short smooth steel fiber, regardless of confining pressure levels. The confined shear strength could be expressed as an empirical function of unconfined shear strength, confining pressure, and tensile strength of UHPFRCs.
Keywords:
UHPFRCs, shear resistance; confining pressure effect; smooth fiber.
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Zhang, Qian, Wenqing Zhang, Yu Fang, Yongjie Xu, and Xianwen Huang. "Experimental Study on Mechanical Properties of High Performance Hybrid Fiber Concrete for Shaft Lining." Applied Sciences 11, no. 17 (August 27, 2021): 7926. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11177926.
Full textAbstract:
In order to solve the problem of highly brittle shaft lining under dynamic loading, a combination of hybrid fiber concrete mixed with steel and polypropylene fiber is proposed to make shaft lining. C60, the concrete commonly used in shaft lining, was selected as the reference group. The static mechanical properties, dynamic mechanical properties, and crack failure characteristics of the hybrid fiber concrete were experimentally studied. The test results showed that compared to the reference group concrete, the compressive strength of the hybrid fiber-reinforced concrete did not significantly increase, but the splitting tensile strength increased by 60.4%. The split Hopkinson compression bar results showed that the optimal group peak stress and peak strain of the hybrid fiber concrete increased by 58.2% and 79.2%, respectively, and the dynamic toughness increased by 68.1%. The strain distribution before visible cracks was analyzed by the DIC technology. The results showed that the strain dispersion phenomenon of the fiber-reinforced concrete specimen was stronger than that of the reference group concrete. By comparing the crack failure forms of the specimens, it was found that compared to the reference group concrete, the fiber-reinforced concrete specimens showed the characteristics of continuous and slow ductile failure. The above results suggest that HFRC has significantly high dynamic splitting tensile strength and compressive deformation capacity, as well as a certain anti-disturbance effect. It is an excellent construction material for deep mines under complex working conditions.
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Jomaa’h, Muyasser M., Shamsad Ahmed, and Hussein M. Algburi. "Flexural Behavior of Reinforced Concrete One-Way Slabs with Different Ratios of Lightweight Coarse Aggregate." Tikrit Journal of Engineering Sciences 25, no. 4 (December 15, 2018): 36–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.25130/tjes.25.4.07.
Full textAbstract:
The aim of the present research includes an experimental investigation of flexural behavior of lightweight reinforced concrete one-way slabs with different ratios of course aggregate. Nine lightweight reinforced concrete one- way slabs incorporated by two types of lightweight course aggregate were tested in these investigation. Also the mechanical properties and workability test for concrete used in the study. There was chosen eight concrete mixes were casted by replacing the normal coarse aggregate by lightweight course aggregate; claystone (bonza) and thermostone. Different percentage of aggregate replaced were done (25, 50, 75 and 100) %, in addition to the reference mix of (0%) replacement ratio was casted. For each concrete mix: Three cylinders for compressive strength and density of saturated and dry surface concrete tests, three cylinders for splitting tensile strength test and three prisms for modulus of rupture test were prepared. Also for each mix was casted, prepare a one slab specimen for bending moment test for all mixes contain a light coarse aggregate and reference mix. The main results of mechanical properties are ((38.44-12.38), (3.969-2.172) and (10.467-3.194)) MPa, for compressive, splitting and flexural strength respectively with differences of (67.79, 45.12 and 69.48) % respectively compared with the reference mix. Also the flexural capacities of the lightweight concrete slabs that contained a different ratios of light coarse aggregate (0.028 and 0.026) MPa were recorded with (22.5 and 28.62) % compared with reference sample of 0.035 MPa.