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Journal articles on the topic 'Tension Structures'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 31 July 2024

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1

Mollaert, Marijke. "Teaching Tension Structures." International Journal of Space Structures 17, no. 2-3 (June 2002): 171–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1260/026635102320321815.

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The main purpose of the course “Form Active Structures” [6] is to waken the students' interest in the design of space and structural systems and to clarify the principles to obtain lightweight constructions. Concepts, calculation techniques, detailing and erection are first illustrated. The practical part linked to this course consists of four topics: building physical models, numerical form-finding and analysis, a study trip and the design for a real case. Especially in this last part the need to design both geometry and pretension together, and the consequences if this is not properly done, comes to the students' consciousness.

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2

Wagner, Rosemarie. "Basics in Tension Structures." International Journal of Space Structures 24, no. 4 (December 2009): 223–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1260/026635109789968218.

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3

Hernández-Montes, E., R. Jurado-Piña, and E. Bayo. "Topological Mapping for Tension Structures." Journal of Structural Engineering 132, no. 6 (June 2006): 970–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)0733-9445(2006)132:6(970).

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4

Tabarrok, B., and Z. Qin. "Dynamic analysis of tension structures." Computers & Structures 62, no. 3 (February 1997): 467–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0045-7949(96)00203-9.

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5

Tabarrok, B., and Z. Qin. "Nonlinear analysis of tension structures." Computers & Structures 45, no. 5-6 (December 1992): 973–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0045-7949(92)90056-6.

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6

Masahisa, Fujikake, Kojima Osamu, and Fukushima Seiichiro. "Analysis of fabric tension structures." Computers & Structures 32, no. 3-4 (January 1989): 537–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0045-7949(89)90345-3.

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7

Onat, Onur, and Burak Yön. "Effects of Tension Reinforcement Ratio on Ductility of Mid-Rise Reinforced Concrete Structures." Academic Perspective Procedia 1, no. 1 (November 9, 2018): 702–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.33793/acperpro.01.01.127.

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Failure mode of reinforced concrete (RC) structures are classified according to tension reinforcement ratio of beam elements. To determine effect of tension reinforcement ratio on performance of RC structure, two planar RC structure were selected. One of them is 5 stories other of them is 7 stories. Two different concrete class, C20 and C25, were considered for analysis. Three tension reinforcement combinations were considered, three different tension reinforcement ratios were used. First case is the ratio of the tension reinforcement is lower than that of the compression reinforcement, second case is the ratio of the tension reinforcement is equal to the ratio of the compression reinforcement and third case is the ratio of the tensile reinforcement is higher than the compression reinforcement.

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8

Zhang, Ming Bo, Bin Zeng, and Qing Xu. "Stress Performance Analysis on a New Type of Flexible Suspension Tension Structure." Advanced Materials Research 224 (April 2011): 210–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.224.210.

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A new type of flexible suspension tension structure (FSTS) is presented in this paper, which has the advantages of high-efficiency, convenient construction and wide application sphere, and it is also a kind of green and low carbon structure. In order to investigate the mechanical behavior of FSTS under the vertical load, series of structures under 10 groups of upward loads and 8 groups of downward loads are calculated with the matrix analysis method. The results show that the passive tensions of cables and displacement in the middle of span present approximate linear features under the downward loads. However, there are double broken linear features in FSTS under the upward loads. So this regularity can be utilized for the simple analysis and two-stage design calculation. Finally, the reliability of FSTS with the initial tension is investigated with the interval method. 81 kinds of structures with different initial tension are calculated, and the influence regularity of the initial tension in the back cable and the bottom cable are given. It is found that the deformation of FSTS is more sensitive to the initial tension of cables. Consequently, the initial tensions of cables are dominated by deformation of structures under design and construction.

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9

Zhang, Zhi Qian, Shi Cai Chen, Wei Ming Yan, and Xiang Xin Ren. "Experimental Investigation on Vertical Tension Property of Laminated Rubber Bearings." Applied Mechanics and Materials 166-169 (May 2012): 583–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.166-169.583.

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In order to study the vertical tension properties of laminated rubber bearings under different shear strain, pure tension test and shear-tension test on two groups of natural rubber bearings and lead core rubber bearings with 800mm diameter are present in this paper, and the initial stiffness, yield stiffness and yield stress and ultimate tensile properties (limit stress, limit strain) of the rubber isolation bearing in different shear strain are analyzed. The results of the tests provide the reference for the application of rubber bearings on large-scale complex structures or high building structures.

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10

Jurado-Piña, R., and M. A. Salazar-Troya. "A simple method for the design of tension structures combining topological mapping and nonlinear structural analysis." Informes de la Construcción 66, Extra-1 (December 30, 2014): m012. http://dx.doi.org/10.3989/ic.13.090.

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11

Dey, Alinda, Akshay Vijay Vastrad, Mattia Francesco Bado, Aleksandr Sokolov, and Gintaris Kaklauskas. "Long-Term Concrete Shrinkage Influence on the Performance of Reinforced Concrete Structures." Materials 14, no. 2 (January 6, 2021): 254. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14020254.

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The contribution of concrete to the tensile stiffness (tension stiffening) of a reinforced concrete (RC) member is a key governing factor for structural serviceability analyses. However, among the current tension stiffening models, few consider the effect brought forth by concrete shrinkage, and none studies take account of the effect for very long-term shrinkage. The present work intends to tackle this exact issue by testing multiple RC tensile elements (with different bar diameters and reinforcement ratios) after a five-year shrinking time period. The experimental deformative and tension stiffening responses were subjected to a mathematical process of shrinkage removal aimed at assessing its effect on the former. The results showed shrinkage distinctly lowered the cracking load of the RC members and caused an apparent tension stiffening reduction. Furthermore, both of these effects were exacerbated in the members with higher reinforcement ratios. The experimental and shrinkage-free behaviors of the RC elements were finally compared to the values predicted by the CEB-fib Model Code 2010 and the Euro Code 2. Interestingly, as a consequence of the long-term shrinkage, the codes expressed a smaller relative error when compared to the shrinkage-free curves versus the experimental ones.

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12

Venkatakrishnan, P., and Sanjiv Kumar Tiwari. "Magnetic tension of sunspot fine structures." Astronomy and Astrophysics 516 (June 2010): L5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201014786.

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13

Ong, C. F., D. S. Wakefield, and M. R. Barnes. "Interactive graphic cad for tension structures." Computers & Structures 41, no. 6 (January 1991): 1305–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0045-7949(91)90267-p.

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14

Schlaich, Jörg. "Tension structures for solar electricity generation." Engineering Structures 21, no. 8 (August 1999): 658–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0141-0296(98)00021-2.

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15

CHEN, Pei Shan, and Mamoru KAWAGUCHI. "MINIMUM-DEFORMATION-SHAPE OF TENSION STRUCTURES." Journal of Structural and Construction Engineering (Transactions of AIJ) 60, no. 468 (1995): 101–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.3130/aijs.60.101_1.

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16

Nouri-Baranger, Thouraya. "Computational methods for tension-loaded structures." Archives of Computational Methods in Engineering 11, no. 2 (June 2004): 143–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02905937.

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17

Akhunova, A. Kh, L. Kh Galiakhmetova, and J. A. Baimova. "New 2D Structures: Graphynes Under Tension." Mechanics of Solids 59, no. 1 (February 2024): 401–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s0025654424602726.

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18

Ruojun, Qian, Yang Lianping, and Xia Shaohua. "Analysis of prestress in tension structures." Prestress Technology 5, no. 04X (2001): 12–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.59238/j.pt.2001.04x.003.

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19

Qian, Ji, Xin Chen, Limin Sun, Guowen Yao, and Xu Wang. "Numerical and Experimental Identification of Seven-Wire Strand Tensions Using Scale Energy Entropy Spectra of Ultrasonic Guided Waves." Shock and Vibration 2018 (2018): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/6905073.

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Accurate identification of tension in multiwire strands is a key issue to ensure structural safety and durability of prestressed concrete structures, cable-stayed bridges, and hoist elevators. This paper proposes a method to identify strand tensions based on scale energy entropy spectra of ultrasonic guided waves (UGWs). A numerical method was first developed to simulate UGW propagation in a seven-wire strand, employing the wavelet transform to extract UGW time-frequency energy distributions for different loadings. Mode separation and frequency band loss of L(0,1) were then found for increasing tension, and UGW scale energy entropy spectra were extracted to establish a tension identification index. A good linear relationship was found between the proposed identification index and tensile force, and effects of propagation distance and propagation path were analyzed. Finally, UGWs propagation was examined experimentally for a long seven-wire strand to investigate attenuation and long distance propagation. Numerical and experimental results verified that the proposed method not only can effectively identify strand tensions but can also adapt to long distance tests for practical engineering.

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20

Zaccaria, D., D. Bigoni, G. Noselli, and D. Misseroni. "Structures buckling under tensile dead load." Proceedings of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences 467, no. 2130 (January 12, 2011): 1686–700. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspa.2010.0505.

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Some 250 years after the systematic experiments by Musschenbroek and their rationalization by Euler, for the first time we show that it is possible to design structures (i.e. mechanical systems whose elements are governed by the equation of the elastica) exhibiting bifurcation and instability (‘buckling’) under tensile load of constant direction and point of application (‘dead’). We show both theoretically and experimentally that the behaviour is possible in elementary structures with a single degree of freedom and in more complex mechanical systems, as related to the presence of a structural junction, called ‘slider’, allowing only relative transversal displacement between the connected elements. In continuous systems where the slider connects two elastic thin rods, bifurcation occurs both in tension and in compression, and is governed by the equation of the elastica, employed here for tensile loading, so that the deformed rods take the form of the capillary curve in a liquid, which is in fact governed by the equation of the elastica under tension. Since axial load in structural elements deeply influences dynamics, our results may provide application to innovative actuators for mechanical wave control; moreover, they open a new perspective in the understanding of failure within structural elements.

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21

Zhu, Yin, and Jiong Xin Zhao. "Effect of Heat Setting Methods on Structures and Properties of High Strength Polyvinyl Alcohol Fibre." Materials Science Forum 815 (March 2015): 643–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.815.643.

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The effect of heat setting methods on the structures and mechanical properties of high strength polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) fibre is studied in this article. The microstructure and mechanical properties of heat treated PVA fibre is investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and single fibre electronic tensile strength tester. Results show that the heat setting method with constant tension is a good heat setting method which can largely enhance the tensile strength of PVA fibre. During the heat setting process, the mechanical properties of PVA fibre are greatly affected by the temperature, tension and setting time. When the temperature is 220°C, tension is 5cN/dtex and setting time is 90sec, the tensile strength of PVA fibre increases from 12.0cN/dtex to 16.4cN/dtex in compare with the PVA fibre without heat setting

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22

Zhuo, Xin, Guo-fa Zhang, Koichiro Ishikawa, and Dao-an Lou. "Tensile force correction calculation method for prestressed construction of tension structures." Journal of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE A 9, no. 9 (September 2008): 1201–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1631/jzus.a0720090.

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23

Jeong, Kwanghun, Narae Kim, Nahyun Jeon, Haksung Kim, and Junhong Park. "Investigation of Frequency-Dependent Characteristics of Wire Rope under Tension Based on Transfer Function Method." Applied Sciences 14, no. 11 (May 28, 2024): 4621. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app14114621.

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Wire rope is a complex structure made by twisting wires of various sizes in the longitudinal direction. It is used to support or move engineering structures and is subject to various tensions. Dynamic properties are important parameters to evaluate the resistance to bending deformation and vibration reduction of various structures. They are affected by the magnitude of tension. In this study, an experimental method for measuring the frequency-dependent characteristics of wire rope under tension is proposed. The study analyzed flexural wave propagation employing a vibration transfer function. Experimental results showed that the transfer function of wire rope under tension is affected by tension and bending stiffness. The Newton–Raphson method was employed to numerically measure wavenumbers of the wire rope. The bending stiffness and loss factor were determined from the wavenumbers. Changes in the bending stiffness and loss factor as the tension increased were explained by the dynamic behavior of the structure under tension. As the tension increased, the bending stiffness increased, and the loss factor decreased. Hysteresis analysis indicated that the energy dissipation of wire rope is greater than that of a steel beam due to the friction between the wires. Statistical analysis confirmed a significant correlation between dynamic characteristics and tension in wire rope.

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24

Whitman, Zachary, and Valeria La Saponara. "Bistable structures for energy absorption, II: Composite structures under tension." Journal of Mechanics of Materials and Structures 2, no. 2 (April 1, 2007): 359–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.2140/jomms.2007.2.359.

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25

ILIUSHCHENKO, T. A., and N. V. FEDOROVA. "DYNAMIC STRENGTH CRITERIA OF PRESTRESSED REINFORCED CONCRETE STRUCTURES WITH COMBINED STRENGTH." Building and reconstruction 97, no. 5 (2021): 51–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.33979/2073-7416-2021-97-5-51-61.

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Dynamic strength criteria and crack resistance criteria are given for a typical plane-stressed reinforced concrete element with prestressed reinforcement in one direction. The criteria are constructed by generalizing the theory of plasticity of concrete and reinforced concrete G.A. Geniev on the area of existence of tensile stresses: "tension- tension" and "compression- tension". In general terms, the crack resistance condition and strength condition of a prestressed reinforced concrete plane-stressed element are presented in the form of an ellipse in the coordinates of the main stresses. In this case, in contrast to the criteria of crack resistance of a flat unstressed element, the principal axes of the ellipse don’t pass through the origin. The results of a comparative analysis of the calculated and experimental data on crack resistance and strength for prestressed reinforced concrete in the support zone of the beam of a monolithic reinforced concrete frame tested for a given design load and a special dynamic effect are given.

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26

Lee, Ho-Jun, Sae-Byeok Kyung, and Ju-Won Kim. "Yoke-Type Elasto-Magnetic Sensor-Based Tension Force Monitoring Method for Enhancement of Field Applicability." Sensors 24, no. 11 (May 24, 2024): 3369. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s24113369.

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Tension members are key members that maintain stability and improve the strength of structures such as cable-stayed bridges, PSC structures, and slopes. Their application has recently been expanded to new fields such as mooring lines in subsea structures and aerospace fields. However, the tensile strength of the tension members can be abnormal owing to various risk factors that may lead to the collapse of the entire structure. Therefore, continuous tension monitoring is necessary to ensure structural safety. In this study, an improved elasto-magnetic (E/M) sensor was used to monitor tension force using a nondestructive method. General E/M sensors have limitations that make it difficult to apply them to operating tension members owing to their solenoid structure, which requires field winding. To overcome this problem, the magnetization part of the E/M sensor was improved to a yoke-type sensor, which was used in this study. For the development of the sensors, the numerical design and magnetization performance verification of the sensor were performed through eddy current solution-type simulations using ANSYS Maxwell. Using the manufactured yoke-type E/M sensor, the induced voltage signals according to the tension force of the specimen increasing from 0 to 10 tons at 1-ton intervals were repeatedly measured using DAQ with wireless communication. The measured signals were indexed using peak-to-peak value of induced voltages and used to analyze the signal change patterns as the tension increased. Finally, the analyzed results were compared with those of a solenoid-type E/M sensor to confirm the same pattern. Therefore, it was confirmed that the tension force of a tension member can be estimated using the proposed yoke-type E/M sensor. This is expected to become an effective tension monitoring technology through performance optimization and usability verification studies for each target tension member in the future.

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27

Nguyen, Van Tinh. "Effect of pre-tensioned rope tensions on a ladder structure of turntable ladders." Journal of Science and Technology in Civil Engineering (STCE) - HUCE 16, no. 1 (January 26, 2022): 138–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.31814/stce.huce(nuce)2022-16(1)-12.

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To expand the operating zone and control more precisely, it is vital to enhance the flexural stiffness of the ladder structures of turntable ladders. Based on one set of optimized 3-segment ladders, the author proposed a solution to increase the bending stiffness on each ladder while their mass hardly increases. Steel wire ropes are suggested to be added inside the handrails. They are pre-stretched and controlled to reduce the vertical displacement and rapidly quench oscillation at the ladder top. These benefits have been demonstrated in the dynamic aspect in other works. In this study, the effect of pre-tensioned rope tensions on ladder structure is investigated and evaluated according to current standards. The work includes modeling the ladder structure, defining loads, combining loads, investigating stresses and displacements according to the tension values. Afterward, the positive effects and negative influences, as well as the recommendations on tension load and tensile process, are presented. According to the obtained results, the structure still ensures the working conditions while the tension value reaches the maximum one. Most of the stress values in the structural elements decrease with increasing tension. The vertical displacement at the top decreases significantly.

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28

Zong, Ya Li, and Hong Jun Cao. "Optimization Design of Cable-Frame Antennas Based on Tension Compensation Method." Applied Mechanics and Materials 496-500 (January 2014): 797–803. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.496-500.797.

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Tension truss reflectors are flexible structures characterized by strong geometric nonlinearities, thus the surface error and the real cable tensions of a reflector cannot be controlled efficiently to anticipant levels by their initial cable tensions. To ensure both appropriate node positions and anticipant cable tensions, an optimization method based on Tension Compensation Method is presented. First, a parameterized description of the zero-stress states of the front net and the rear net is proposed and the strategy of Tension Compensation Method is used to control the cable tensions to anticipant levels. Second, a mathematical optimization model for the cable tensions and the zero-stress state design of the cable network is established based on Tension Compensation Method with the optimization target of minimizing surface error of the reflector. Finally, the feasibility and effectiveness of the presented method are validated by some numerical examples. The results show that the cable tensions can be effectively controlled by the proposed method, and this method can generate regular zero-stress states of the cable-nets which may bring great convenience to the lofting work of the cable network.

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29

Little, Brenda, and Roger W. Staehle. "Fungal Influenced Corrosion in Post-Tension Structures." Electrochemical Society Interface 10, no. 4 (December 1, 2001): 44–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/2.f08014if.

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30

Basili, Michela, and Anna Sinopoli. "Masonry Walls as Orthotropic No Tension Structures." Advanced Materials Research 133-134 (October 2010): 313–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.133-134.313.

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In this paper, following the research line proposed by Milankovicth (1910) and Signorini (1925), a semi-analytical approach for the analysis of masonry walls - treated as horizontally multi-layered strata of no-tension material - is proposed in order to evaluate the stress distribution generated by applied loads. The main applications concern walls subjected only to vertical loads. The goal is to identify in the masonry wall the actual bearing sub-structures by defining at each vertical and horizontal level the transversal sections generated by the unilateral behaviour. The method proposed will allow identifying the partition of the wall into macro-elements, which depend on the centre of applied loads, and wall and bricks geometrical features. The technique adopted to approach the problem can be referred to as the search for the best shape. Two cases are discussed: corbelled masonry walls surrounding windows and arch behaviour of masonry over the window.

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31

Liew, J. Y. Richard, K. K. Vu, and A. Krishnapillai. "Recent Development of Deployable Tension-Strut Structures." Advances in Structural Engineering 11, no. 6 (December 2008): 599–614. http://dx.doi.org/10.1260/136943308787543630.

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32

Zhang, Tracy H., and Steven L. McCabe. "Computer Aided Design for Tension Membrane Structures." IABSE Symposium Report 88, no. 5 (January 1, 2004): 281–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.2749/222137804796302086.

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33

CHEN, Pei Shan, and Mamoru KAWAGUCHI. "SHAPES OF MAXIMUM RIGIDITY FOR TENSION STRUCTURES." Journal of Structural and Construction Engineering (Transactions of AIJ) 60, no. 476 (1995): 113–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.3130/aijs.60.113.

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34

Lewis, W. J. "Design of tension structures: challenges and misconceptions." Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers - Municipal Engineer 158, no. 3 (September 2005): 231–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1680/muen.2005.158.3.231.

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35

Baratta, A., and I. Corbi. "Spatial foundation structures over no tension soil." International Journal for Numerical and Analytical Methods in Geomechanics 29, no. 14 (2005): 1363–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nag.464.

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36

Woo, DaJung. "Reconceptualizing interorganizational collaborations as tensile structures: Implications of conveners’ proactive tension management." Communication Monographs 86, no. 2 (October 2, 2018): 158–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03637751.2018.1526389.

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37

OZAWA, Yuki, and Ken'ichi KAWAGUCHI. "A SIMPLE METHOD FOR INTRODUCING TENSILE FORCE IN UNIT-BASED TENSION STRUCTURES." Journal of Structural and Construction Engineering (Transactions of AIJ) 74, no. 637 (2009): 511–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.3130/aijs.74.511.

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38

SHEN, HAIJUN. "TENSILE PROPERTIES AND ELECTRONIC STRUCTURES OF C240 NANOTUBE AND 4C60 FULLERENE POLYMERS." International Journal of Nanoscience 05, no. 01 (February 2006): 99–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219581x06004073.

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The classical MD (Molecular Dynamics) method was used to simulate the tension of three kinds of C 240 isomers, i.e., C 240 nanotube, chain-like 4C 60 fullerene polymer and peanut-like 4C 60 fullerene polymer. Then, the semi-empirical PM3 method was used to calculate their electronic structures under tension. Lastly, according to the calculated results, their differences in tensile mechanical properties, as well as the change of their FMO (Frontier Molecular Orbital) energy during tension, were discussed. It is shown that: (1) the load-support capability of the C 240 molecules has the order of C 240 nanotube > peanut-like 4C 60 polymer > linear 4C 60 polymer, but their deformation-support capability has the contrary order, (2) of the C 240 isomers, the C 240 nanotube has the best chemical stability, and the chain-like 4C 240 molecule has the worst one, and (3) the deformed C 240 isomers have narrower energy-gap between their LUMO and HOMO, and higher chemical activity.

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39

Briccola, Deborah, Matteo Bruggi, and Alberto Taliercio. "Assessment of 3D Linear Elastic Masonry-Like Vaulted Structures." Key Engineering Materials 817 (August 2019): 50–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.817.50.

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A novel approach is adopted to assess the static behavior of vaulted structures, such as cantilevered masonry stairs, assuming a linear elastic no-tension material model. Masonry is substituted by an equivalent orthotropic material whose elastic properties vary locally and with a negligible stiffness where tensile strain occurs. In order to recover a tension-free state of stress, an energy-based minimization procedure is carried out to establish the distribution and the orientation of the equivalent material for a given compatible load. The capability of the approach in defining purely compressive stress solutions in masonry walls under dead load and both in-plane and out-of-plane live loads has already been assessed. A meaningful application to a cantilevered masonry stair is here presented; the results are in good agreement with those available in the technical literature on historical masonry constructions.

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40

Lang, Rostislav, Ivan Nemec, and Josef Martinasek. "Specific Aspects of Tensile Structures." Applied Mechanics and Materials 769 (June 2015): 19–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.769.19.

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The aim of this paper is an introduction to a very specific area of civil engineering, which is known as tensile structures (structures acting only in tension). These structures are associated with unique aspects of their design. As a result of practically zero bending stiffness, it is not possible to separate the shape and the static analysis of these structures. Shape generation is the aim of the process well known as form-finding. As a consequence of these and many other facts, it is necessary in this case to use a special way of design process, which abounds in many differences in comparison with usual design process.

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41

Gopinath, Smitha, J. Rajasankar, and N. R. Iyer. "Nonlinear Analysis of RC Structures Using Isotropic Damage Model." International Journal of Damage Mechanics 21, no. 5 (August 17, 2011): 647–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1056789511410457.

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This article proposes a simple isotropic damage model within damage mechanics framework to represent the behavior of concrete in tension. Macroscopic evolution of tensile crack is considered as damage and is mathematically defined using an exponential function of tensile strain. A damage evolution law is formulated by applying strain equivalence principle to hyperbolic tension-softening curve. Value of damage variable is assumed theoretically to vary between ‘0’ and ‘1’ to denote uncracked and ruptured states, respectively. A smeared rotating crack model is coupled with damage formulation to simulate crack propagation effects in nonlinear finite element analysis of reinforced concrete (RC) structures. Many deficiencies of smeared crack model such as stress locking, mesh-induced directional bias, and instability in response computation for near-ultimate load are overcome using the coupled model. To verify the proposed model, nonlinear static response behavior of a RC beam is computed and compared with experimental and analytical results reported in literature. Effectiveness and applicability of the model to analyze practical structures are proved by analyzing a RC chimney. Nonlinear response of RC chimney is reviewed at global level while damage states of finite elements are studied at local level.

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42

Korkmaz, H. H., S. Z. Korkmaz, and M. S. Donduren. "Earthquake hazard and damage on traditional rural structures in Turkey." Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences 10, no. 3 (March 31, 2010): 605–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/nhess-10-605-2010.

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Abstract. During the last earthquakes in Turkey, reinforced concrete structures in the cities and masonry structures in the rural part were exposed to damage and failure. Masonry houses such as earthen, brick and stone structures are composed of building blocks with weak inter-binding action which have low tension capacity. Bending and shear forces generate tensile stresses which cannot be well tolerated. In this paper, the performance of masonry structures during recent earthquakes in Turkey is discussed with illustrative photographs taken after earthquakes. The followings are the main weakness in the materials and unreinforced masonry constructions and other reasons for the extensive damage of masonry buildings. Very low tensile and shear strength particularly with poor mortar, brittle behaviour in tension as well as compression, stress concentration at corners of windows and doors, overall unsymmetry in plan and elevation of building, unsymmetry due to imbalance in the sizes and positions of walls and openings in the walls, defects in construction such as use of substandard materials, unfilled joints between bricks, not-plump walls, improper bonding between walls at right angles etc.

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Rengasamy, R. S., and D. Samuel Wesley. "EFFECT OF THREAD STRUCTURE ON TENSION PEAKS DURING LOCK STITCH SEWING." AUTEX Research Journal 11, no. 1 (March 1, 2011): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/aut-2011-110101.

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Abstract A dynamic sewing tension study was carried out with a tension probe on sewing threads with different structures, physical and tensile characteristics in a single needle lock stitch sewing machine. The needle thread recorded four major tension peaks corresponding to events occurring during sewing; bobbin thread withdrawal, stitch tightening, needle piercing the fabric and tightening of the needle thread around the shuttle, among which stitch tightening caused the maximum tension for all threads. Polyester filament and spun polyester threads exhibited the highest and lowest tightening tension, respectively. Multiple regression analysis showed that pre-tension and elastic modulus show positive influences while tex, bending, rigidity and compressibility of threads show negative effects on tension peaks during tightening and needle piercing. Sewing speed shows a positive impact only on the tension peak due to needle piercing. Pre-tension showed a prominent influence on tension peaks on all threads while the number of fabric layers failed to show any effect.

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Wei, Naying, Zhen Zhang, Xu Xu, and Wenjuan Yao. "Stability Analysis of a TLP with Inclined Tension Legs under Different Marine Survival Conditions." Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 10, no. 8 (July 31, 2022): 1058. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jmse10081058.

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To verify that inclined tension legs can improve the stability of the tension leg platform, this paper established the dynamic equation of a tension leg platform (TLP) under marine environmental loads by using the modified Morrison equation considering the influence of ocean currents on wave forces. Additionally, the velocity and acceleration of random wave water particles were simulated via the JONSWAP spectrum. In addition, a three-dimensional model of a tension leg platform with inclined tension legs was established by AQWA, and its dynamic responses under variable survival conditions were compared and analyzed. The results showed that the surge and heave were more sensitive to the sea current, while the pitch was more sensitive to the wind. There is a significant difference in tendon tensions between the atypical TLP with inclined tension legs established in this study and the typical International Ship and Offshore Structures Committee (ISSC) TLP.

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Jin, Sang-Wook, Su-Deok Shon, and Seung-Jae Lee. "Review of Membrane Tension Maintenance System for Membrane Structures through Membrane Tension Measurement." Journal of the Korean Association for Spatial Structures 16, no. 2 (June 15, 2016): 39–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.9712/kass.2016.16.2.039.

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Adewole, Kazeem Kayode, and Jean de Dieu Mutabaruka. "Structural Steel Tensile Fracture-Inception Prevention Limit State and Ductility Criteria." Civil and Environmental Engineering 16, no. 1 (June 1, 2020): 148–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/cee-2020-0015.

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AbstractThis paper proposes using the tensile-fracture-inception-prevention (TFIP) limit state and ductility parameter/criterion for a safer fracture-resistant design of the tension members of steel structures. Finite element (FE) analysis revealed that the tensile band localization strain (TBLS) is significantly lower than the fracture strain currently employed as the structural steel elongation-based ductility parameter/criterion. The TBLS is thus, a safer fracture-resistant parameter/criterion than the fracture strain. FE analysis reveals that the TBLS at the center of tension specimens (mid-thickness and mid-width) is lower, and is thus a safer TFIP elongation-based ductility criteria/parameter than the TBLS at the surface of tension specimens.

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Kwon, Yong-Taek, Sanghyun Jeon, Jun Lee, Juheon Kim, Sangmin Lee, and Hyungmo Kim. "Performance Improvement of an STS304-Based Dispensing Needle via Electrochemical Etching." Micromachines 14, no. 12 (November 30, 2023): 2183. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi14122183.

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In this study, we explored the formation of micro-/nanosized porous structures on the surface of a needle composed of STS304 and examined the effect of conventional needles and needles capable of liquid ejection. Aqua regia, composed of HCl and HNO3, was electrochemically etched to form appropriately sized micro-/nanoporous structures. We observed that when dispensing liquids with low surface tension, they do not immediately fall downward but instead spread over the exterior surface of the needle before falling. We found that the extent of spreading on the surface is influenced by an etched porous structure. Furthermore, to analyze the effect of surface tension differences, we dispensed liquids with varying surface tensions using etched needles. Through the analysis, it was confirmed that, despite the low surface tension, the ejected droplet volume and speed could be stably maintained on the etched needle. This indicates that the spreading phenomenon of the liquid on the needle surface just before ejection can be controlled by the micro/nanoporous structure. We anticipate that these characteristics of etched needles could be utilized in industries where precision dispensing of low-surface-tension liquids is essential.

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Reimche, W., Friedrich Wilhelm Bach, Rainer Duhm, G. Mroz, and M. Bernard. "Setting of Gradient Material Properties and Quality Control of High Tension 3D-Weld Joints." Advanced Materials Research 22 (August 2007): 113–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.22.113.

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Modern metallic materials used in high loading structures are increasingly being placed under stringent standards with regard to the mechanical strength and deformation properties of their individual parts as well as with regard to the loading capacity of their junctions. In order to determine the strain profile of the individual structural components, the mentioned topics will be taken from the SFB 675 “High tensile, locally manipulated structural components and structures” from the subproject C4 “Setting of gradient material properties and qualification of high-tension 3D-NVEB weld joints”. To this end, the strengthened individual structural components will be heated with an electron beam at defined locations. This is done in order to observe the load related local micro-structure changes and consequently the targeted, structured local changes in the strength and deformation properties of the material. A delay in the crack growth will also be sought after. Additionally, components with specifically designed tensile strength will be welded to high quality structures. At this the young but efficient non vacuum electron beam welding method will be preferably developed, qualified and used because of its good welding properties regarding to an improved beam positioning, process control and weld joint defect detection.

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Niu, Yihan, Dan Zhao, Bo Zhu, Shunbo Wang, Zhaoxin Wang, and Hongwei Zhao. "Molecular dynamics investigations of the size effects on mechanical properties and deformation mechanism of amorphous and monocrystalline composite AlFeNiCrCu high-entropy alloy nanowires." Nanotechnology 33, no. 10 (December 15, 2021): 105705. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1361-6528/ac2e79.

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Abstract The atomic models of amorphous and monocrystalline composite AlFeNiCrCu high-entropy alloy nanowires were established via the molecular dynamics method. The effects of amorphous structure thickness on mechanical properties and deformation mechanism were investigated by applying tensile and compressive loads to the nanowires. As the thickness of amorphous structures increases, the tensile yield strength decreases, and the asymmetry between tension and compression decreases. The tensile deformation mechanism transforms from the coupling interactions between stacking faults in crystal structures and uniform deformation of amorphous structures to the individual actions of uniform deformation of amorphous structures. During the tensile process, the nanowires necking appears at amorphous structures, and the thinner amorphous structures, the more prone to necking. The compressive deformation mechanism is the synergistic effects of twins and SFs in crystal structures and uniform deformation of amorphous structures, which is irrelevant to amorphous structure thickness. Remarkably, amorphous structures transform into crystal structures in the amorphous and monocrystalline composite nanowires during the compressive process.

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Luo, Daobin, Shengbo Wu, Peidong Yan, Jiaojiao Xie, and Qiao Zhu. "Laser scattering from the Ag nanofluids droplet on a plate and the surface tension measurement by scattering technique." Journal of Applied Physics 132, no. 1 (July 7, 2022): 013101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0087626.

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We developed a new optical method to detect the variation of the surface tension in this work. The distribution of laser scattering from Ag nanofluids droplet on the inclined plate was collected experimentally, and the Airy structures were found in the scattering distribution. The relationship between the scattering field distribution and the liquid surface tension was derived theoretically, and the dependence of the Airy peak of the laser scattering on the surface tension was provided. Based on the relationship between the scattering field distribution and the surface tension, an optical method for the relative measurement of surface tension is established. The surface tensions of Ag nanofluids at different concentrations were measured by this optical means, and it is easy to detect the variation of Airy peak gap vs the Ag particle concentration. The results show that the surface tension of Ag nanofluids decreases with the particle concentration increase when the concentration is less than 3.16 wt. %. This work provides a new idea for surface tension measurement of nanofluids, and it has applications in the field of nanofluids wetting.

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