Academic literature on the topic 'Teorema de Menelaus'

AbstractMenelaus's theorem is basically for triangles. Some authors have developed in quadrilateral. In this paper the authors develop Menelaus’s theorem for the pentagon. The proofing process is done in a very simple way that is using Menelaus's theorem on the triangle by partitioning the pentagon into several triangles, wide comparison of the triangle, and similarity. The results obtained are the five points on the sides or the extension of the sides in line (colinear). Keywords: pentagon, Menelaus’s theorem, Menelaus transversal. AbstrakTeorema Menelaus pada dasarnya adalah untuk segitiga. Beberapa penulis sudah mengembangkan dalam segiempat. Dalam tulisan ini penulis mengembangkan teorema Menelaus untuk segilima. Proses pembuktiannya dilakukan dengan cara yang sangat sederhana yaitu menggunakan teorema Menelaus pada segitiga dengan mempartisi segilima tersebut menjadi beberapa segitiga, perbandingan luas pada segitiga, dan kesebangunan. Hasil yang diperoleh adalah kelima titik yang berada pada sisi-sisi atau perpanjangan sisi-sisinya segaris (colinear).Kata kunci: segilima, teorema Menelaus, transversal Menelaus.

Struktur Aljabar mempelajari gabungan satu atau lebih himpunan dengan satu atau lebih operasi biner yang memenuhi kumpulan aksioma. Calon guru semester lima yang menjadi subjek dalam penelitian ini harus memiliki definisi dan aksioma untuk melakukan proses analisis pendahuluan terhadap teorema-teorema untuk dibuktikan. Kesulitan mahasiswa dalam menyusun bukti pada materi Struktur Aljabar adalah menelaah pembuktian, dan melihat hubungan antara definisi dan teorema yang ada. Solusi yang diberikan berdasarkan karakteristik masalah dalam struktur aljabar adalah dengan menggunakan strategi flow proof dalam penyusunan analisis pendahuluan. Dengan menggunakan desain Quasy Experiment type One group pretest-postest design, hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat pengaruh strategi flow proof terhadap kemampuan analisis pendahuluan mahasiswa calon guru.

U ovoj tezi razvijen je formalni sistem za dokazivanje teoremaincidencije u projektivnoj geometiji. Osnova sistema je Čeva/Menelajmetod za dokazivanje teorema incidencije. Formalizacija o kojoj jeovdje riječ izvedena je korišćenjem Δ-kompleksa, pa su tako udisertaciji spojene oblasti logike, geometrije i algebarsketopologije. Aksiomatski sekventi proizilaze iz 2-ciklova Δ-kompleksa.Definisana je Euklidska i projektivna interpretacija sekvenata idokazana je saglasnost i odlučivost sistema. Dati su primjeriiščitavanja teorema incidencije iz dokazivih sekvenata sistema. Utezi je data i procedura za provjeru da li je skup od n šestorki tačakaaksiomatski sekvent.
In this thesis, a formal sequent system for proving incidence theorems inprojective geometry is introduced. This system is based on theCeva/Menelaus method for proving theorems. This formalization is performedusing Δ-complexes, so the areas of logic, geometry and algebraic topologyare combined in the dissertation. The axiomatic sequents of the system stemfrom 2-cycles of Δ-complexes. The Euclidean and projective interpretations ofthe sequents are defined and the decidability and soundness of the systemare proved. Patterns for extracting formulation and proof of the incidenceresult from derivable sequents of system are exemplified. The procedure fordeciding if set of n sextuples represent an axiomatic sequent is presentedwithin the thesis.

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CAPES - Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior
The objective of this study was to address some theorems of geometry and consequently use them to solve exercises. Here are theorems as the Ceva theorem, Menelaus Theorem and Stewart’s theorem, which are very efficient theorems, specially regarding solving exercises that seem complex. That is, knowing these theorems make us very powerful cognitive point of view, of course. We expose here also another magnificent theorem, also known as theorem of Pappus-Guldin. This theorem has as main objective to calculate areas and volumes of surfaces and solids of revolution. Pappos-Guldin theorem is a brilliant theorem. With it can establish several formulas that involve areas and volumes of revolution solids and surfaces, such as the area of ??a circle and the volume of a very trivially cylinder. This theorem enables solving exercises that seem too difficult of a high school student to solve. In this work in very not only care about the dialect, but also with the above content. For example, we leave to those who have the curiosity to see the demonstration of Pappus-Guldin theorem in Appendices A and B, as for the demonstration of it is necessary to use the Differential and Integral Calculus, which until then the high school student remotely have contact.
O objetivo deste trabalho foi abordar alguns teoremas da Geometria e consequentemente usá-los para resolver exercícios. Apresentamos aqui teoremas clássicos como o Teorema de Ceva, o Teorema de Menelaus e o Teorema de Stewart, que são teoremas muito eficientes, principalmente no quesito resolver exercícios que parecem complexos. Isto é, conhecer estes teoremas nos deixam muito poderosos do ponto de vista cognitivo, é claro. Expomos aqui também outro teorema magnífico, conhecido também como Teorema de Pappus- Guldin. Este teorema têm como objetivo principal calcular áreas e volumes de superfícies e sólidos de revolução. O Teorema de Pappus-Guldin é um teorema brilhante. Com ele podemos demonstrar várias fórmulas que envolvem áreas e volumes de superfícies e sólidos de revolução, tais como da área de um círculo e do volume de um cilindro de modo muito trivial. Este teorema possibilita solucionar exercícios que parecem muito difíceis de um aluno do ensino médio resolver. Neste trabalho nos preocupamos muito não só com o dialeto, mas também com o conteúdo exposto. Por exemplo, deixamos, para quem tem a curiosidade ver, a demonstração do Teorema de Pappus-Guldin nos Apêndices A e B, pois para a demonstração do mesmo é necessário o uso do Cálculo Diferencial e Integral, que até então o aluno do ensino médio remotamente tem contato.

MACEDO, Darilene Maria Ribeiro. Resgatando alguns teoremas clássicos da geometria plana. 2014. 57 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Matemática em Rede Nacional) - Centro de Ciências, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Juazeiro do Norte, 2014.
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The study of geometry provides a rich and attractive field of manipulatives, because geometry is present in the daily life of all people, sometimes explicitly and sometimes in a subtle way. We present, however, in this work, many situations that show that geometry goes much beyond mathematical equations. We intent to make a simple approach of some triangles-related theorems, focusing on Stewart’s, Ceva’s, Menelaus’ and Napoleon’s, as well as on their detailed demonstrations in a comprehensive way. Having as one of the goals to make those more spread, in such a way that they can be used as complementary tools to help the learning of plane geometry. For even being such a great key to many questions’ solutions, they are not usually applied. Finally, we conclude this work with some applications, which will hopefully excite and whet the curiosity of the reader to search for more.
O estudo da Geometria possibilita um campo rico e atraente de manipulações, pois a Geometria está presente na vida cotidiana de todos os cidadãos, por vezes de forma explícita e por vezes de forma sutil. Apresentamos, porém, neste trabalho, diversas situações que mostram que a Geometria vai muito além de fórmulas. Fizemos uma abordagem simples de alguns teoremas da Geometria plana relacionados aos triângulos focando nos teoremas de Stewart, Ceva, Menelaus e Napoleão, bem como suas demonstrações detalhadas e didaticamente compreensíveis. Tendo como um dos objetivos torná-los mais divulgados, de modo que possam ser utilizados como ferramentas para complementarem e auxiliarem na aprendizagem da Geometria plana. Pois mesmo tendo grande papel na resolução de muitas questões, são pouco usados. E concluímos o nosso trabalho com algumas aplicações, inclusive de exames vestibulares, esperando que sirvam para despertar o interesse e aguçar a curiosidade do leitor para buscar aprofundar mais os conhecimentos nesta área.

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Este texto é parte de uma pesquisa acerca da Geometria Projetiva como instrumento de intervenção pedagógica no Ensino Médio. Ela se remete a estudos dentro do Mestrado Profissional em Educação Matemática da Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora. Damos tratamento teórico e operacional aos temas mais básicos da Geometria Projetiva a partir dos teoremas de Menelau e Ceva, cujos pressupostos estão enraizados nos conceitos de colinearidade e concorrência. Sugere-se uma reflexão a partir do que se percebe no ensino de Geometria no Brasil, principalmente em torno do estudo de triângulos e do que a eles se agregam. Faz-se um resgate histórico dos teoremas mencionados e propõem-se algumas atividades norteadoras, de modo a levar o aluno (sujeito) a se defrontar com novas possibilidades de resolução de problemas. Apresenta-se um início de proposta de tratamento metodológico sobre dados de pesquisa de campo projetada.
This work is part of a research about Projective Geometry as pedagogic tool in High School. The research itself is part of studies developed during the Professional Master Degree in Mathematics and Education at Federal University of Juiz de Fora. We try to give a theoretical and operational approach to basic themes of Projective Geometry from the theorems of Menelau and Ceva, which assumptions are rooted in the concepts of collinearity and concurrency. It is suggested, then, a mature reflection of what we perceive in the teaching of Geometry in Brazil, mainly about the study of triangles and its relations. A historical survey of the theorems mentioned above is made and we propose some activities to take the student (subject) to face new possibilities to solve problems. It is presented the start of a proposal of methodological approach to data of a projective field research.