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Journal articles on the topic 'Terahertz technologies'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 18 June 2025

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Pacheco-Peña, Victor. "Terahertz Technologies and Its Applications." Electronics 10, no. 3 (2021): 268. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics10030268.

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Yao, Shutong, and Junyi Teng. "Terahertz communication for 6G networks: Opportunities and challenges." Applied and Computational Engineering 46, no. 1 (2024): 232–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.54254/2755-2721/46/20241431.

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This paper introduces terahertz communication technology, the core component of future 6 g wireless communication. Terahertz band communication can expand the spectrum range of communication, increase its capacity limit, and can be effectively utilized and realized in many fields. This paper systematically describes the background, development, difficulties and challenges of terahertz communication, as well as the possible application fields and development prospects in the future, and introduces in detail the key technologies of terahertz communication, including the simulation processing of terahertz signal processing and modulation technology and the research data of the system. In this paper, I use the ten-ray model modeling to help me understand the propagation characteristics of terahertz waves in different environments, and provide reference and guidance for the application of terahertz waves and system design. Finally, the future application field of terahertz are expanded and prospected. It describes new and predictable technologies that combine the power of terahertz technology with other technologies, such as exploring hybrid terahertz/optical wireless links, terahertz automotive applications, terahertz communications to enhance data center performance and terahertz 3D beamforming technology.

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Bi, Xiaolei, Xuemin Li, Bin Li, and Xueli Cheng. "Research Progress on Micromachining Technologies Used to Fabricate Terahertz Micro-Metallic Rectangular Cavity Structures." Micromachines 16, no. 5 (2025): 518. https://doi.org/10.3390/mi16050518.

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Terahertz metal rectangular cavity structures are widely used in terahertz devices due to their performance advantages, and various microfabrication techniques have been applied to the manufacturing of their high performance. In this paper, several typical application fields of terahertz technology and the reasons for its application in these fields are elaborated in detail. Several typical terahertz devices with terahertz metal rectangular cavity structures are introduced in detail. The research progress of various micromachining techniques for manufacturing terahertz rectangular cavity structures, such as DRIE, UV-LIGA, micro-milling, LTCC, 3D printing, and electrochemical micromachining, is discussed in detail. Finally, the advantages and disadvantages of various micromachining techniques for manufacturing terahertz micro-rectangular cavity structures are discussed, and the results show that electrochemical micromachining technology and micro-nano 3D printing technology are relatively promising methods for the manufacturing of high-frequency terahertz rectangular cavity structures.

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Nagatsuma, Tadao. "Terahertz technologies: present and future." IEICE Electronics Express 8, no. 14 (2011): 1127–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1587/elex.8.1127.

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Tredicucci, Alessandro, and Miriam S. Vitiello. "Infrared and terahertz quantum technologies." Nanophotonics 13, no. 10 (2024): 1677–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/nanoph-2024-0183.

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Fujishima, Minoru. "Key Technologies for THz Wireless Link by Silicon CMOS Integrated Circuits." Photonics 5, no. 4 (2018): 50. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/photonics5040050.

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In terahertz-band communication using ultra-high frequencies, compound semiconductors with superior high-frequency performance have been used for research to date. Terahertz communication using the 300 GHz band has nonetheless attracted attention based on the expectation that an unallocated frequency band exceeding 275 GHz can be used for communication in the future. Research into wireless transceivers using BiCMOS integrated circuits with silicon germanium transistors and advanced miniaturized CMOS integrated circuits has increased in this 300 GHz band. In this paper, we will outline the terahertz communication technology using silicon integrated circuits available from mass production, and discuss its applications and future.

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Peng, Xiao Yu. "Potential Biomedical Applications of Terahertz Technologies." American Journal of Biomedical Science & Research 10, no. 2 (2020): 149–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.34297/ajbsr.2020.08.001490.

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Ma, Yong, Zheng Lu, Qin Chen, et al. "Recent Advances of Terahertz Imaging Technologies." Recent Patents on Signal Processinge 2, no. 1 (2012): 4–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/2210686311202010004.

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Ma, Yong, Zheng Lu, Qin Chen, et al. "Recent Advances of Terahertz Imaging Technologies." Recent Patents on Signal Processing 2, no. 1 (2012): 4–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1877612411202010004.

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Božanić, Mladen, and Saurabh Sinha. "Emerging Transistor Technologies Capable of Terahertz Amplification: A Way to Re-Engineer Terahertz Radar Sensors." Sensors 19, no. 11 (2019): 2454. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s19112454.

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This paper reviews the state of emerging transistor technologies capable of terahertz amplification, as well as the state of transistor modeling as required in terahertz electronic circuit research. Commercial terahertz radar sensors of today are being built using bulky and expensive technologies such as Schottky diode detectors and lasers, as well as using some emerging detection methods. Meanwhile, a considerable amount of research effort has recently been invested in process development and modeling of transistor technologies capable of amplifying in the terahertz band. Indium phosphide (InP) transistors have been able to reach maximum oscillation frequency (fmax) values of over 1 THz for around a decade already, while silicon-germanium bipolar complementary metal-oxide semiconductor (BiCMOS) compatible heterojunction bipolar transistors have only recently crossed the fmax = 0.7 THz mark. While it seems that the InP technology could be the ultimate terahertz technology, according to the fmax and related metrics, the BiCMOS technology has the added advantage of lower cost and supporting a wider set of integrated component types. BiCMOS can thus be seen as an enabling factor for re-engineering of complete terahertz radar systems, for the first time fabricated as miniaturized monolithic integrated circuits. Rapid commercial deployment of monolithic terahertz radar chips, furthermore, depends on the accuracy of transistor modeling at these frequencies. Considerations such as fabrication and modeling of passives and antennas, as well as packaging of complete systems, are closely related to the two main contributions of this paper and are also reviewed here. Finally, this paper probes active terahertz circuits that have already been reported and that have the potential to be deployed in a re-engineered terahertz radar sensor system and attempts to predict future directions in re-engineering of monolithic radar sensors.

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Weikle, Robert M., N. Scott Barker, Arthur W. Lichtenberger, Matthew F. Bauwens, and Naser Alijabbari. "Heterogeneous Integration and Micromachining Technologies for Terahertz Devices and Components." Additional Conferences (Device Packaging, HiTEC, HiTEN, and CICMT) 2015, DPC (2015): 002041–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.4071/2015dpc-tha31.

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Terahertz electronics has been a topic of research and development for many years, motivated largely by the technological needs of the radio astronomy and remote sensing scientific communities. Over the past decade, however, this field has experienced dramatic growth and intense, renewed interest from academic researchers and federal agencies, as well as from industry. This interest has arisen, in part, from recent funding initiatives from the federal government (such as DARPA's Terahertz Electronics Program), but is also largely due to the establishment of a commercial infrastructure that has made test and measurement instrumentation available to the engineers and scientists working at these frequencies. Moreover, the emergence of CMOS as a potential submillimeter-wave device technology has greatly expanded access to this spectral region by providing circuit designers with a platform for realizing terahertz circuits without need for specialized fabrication facilities or processes. The recent and rapid progress in terahertz electronics has created a demand for improved approaches to packaging and integration, as well as a need for new measurement instrumentation for characterizing emerging terahertz devices. This paper focuses on two recent research developments aimed at addressing these needs and broadening the technology base for both terahertz system implementation and terahertz metrology. These developments include (1) the development of a direct-contact probe technology that permits on-wafer scattering-parameter characterization and measurement of planar integrated devices at frequencies to 1 THz and beyond, and (2) the establishment of processing technologies that permit fabrication of highly-integrated submillimeter-wave diode-based circuits, such as heterodyne receivers and frequency multipliers, that are based on heterogeneous integration of III-V semiconductor devices with thin silicon membranes as a support and integration substrate. The technical foundation for each of these efforts is micromachining of silicon that allow the formation of mechanically-robust and low-loss membrane carriers to support terahertz devices and circuitry. Two examples of heterogeneous integration with silicon as an approach to packaging terahertz components are detailed in this paper. These include development of micromachined probes for on-wafer measurements of devices and circuits in the WR-1.0 waveguide band (0.75 – 1.1 THz). The probe design concept will be presented and methods for characterizing the probe described. Measurements demonstrate that the probes exhibit an insertion loss of less than 7 dB and return loss of greater than 15 dB over 750—1100 GHz band, yielding the first demonstration of on-wafer probe operating above 1 THz. In addition, an example of heterogeneous integration/packaging of a submillimeter-wave frequency quadrupler operating at 160 GHz with efficiency of 30% and corresponding output power of 70 mW will be discussed. The quadrupler design includes two frequency doubler stages in cascade and is based on a balanced circuit architecture that addresses degradation issues often arising from impedance mismatches between multiplier stages. A unique quasi-vertical diode fabrication process consisting of transfer of GaAs epitaxy to the thin silicon support substrate is used to implement the quadrupler, resulting in an integrated drop-in chip module that incorporates 18 varactors, matching networks and beamleads for mounting.

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Sarkisov, Yu S., N. P. Gorlenko, D. Y. Sarkisov, and O. A. Zubkova. "Terahertz Spectroscopy of Construction Materials." Vestnik Tomskogo gosudarstvennogo arkhitekturno-stroitel'nogo universiteta. JOURNAL of Construction and Architecture 26, no. 6 (2025): 133–45. https://doi.org/10.31675/1607-1859-2024-26-6-133-145.

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Pulsed terahertz spectroscopy is widely used in scientific research of fast processes in various structures at nano-, meso- and macrolevels. Terahertz radiation has not been not applied in construction technologies until very recently. With the development of terahertz spectroscopy, it successfully complements classical methods of physical and chemical analysis of building materials for various engineering purposes, especially for heat-insulating materials in a wide range of density and electrical insulating properties. These studies are currently relevant for the development of compositions and technologies of effective thermal insulation materials based on wastes of the pulp and paper industry, including various types of substandard raw materials.Purpose: The aim of the work is to substantiate the application of terahertz spectroscopy in studying the formation of curing structures of building materials of different nature.Methodology: Terahertz spectroscopy and strength analysis to study ongoing processes.Research findings: It is found that the system based on modified polyurethane and paper filler, has the highest performance characteristics. It is shown that the highest absorption of terahertz radiation in the samples occurs in the frequency range above 1 to 2 THz.

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Li, Y. Y., J. Q. Liu, F. Q. Liu, and Z. G. Wang. "High performance terahertz quantum cascade lasers." Terahertz Science and Technology 13, no. 2 (2020): 61–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/tst/2020132061.

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Terahertz region is the electromagnetic gap between the infrared optoelectronics and the high frequency electronics, which is of broad prospects in applications. The application requirements drive the rapid development in Terahertz technologies including sources, detectors and systems. In the last two decades, quantum cascade laser has made great progress as one of the most promising terahertz sources. In this paper, we present the development of terahertz quantum cascade lasers in our group.

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Shi, Jinhui, Zhongjun Li, David K. Sang, et al. "THz photonics in two dimensional materials and metamaterials: properties, devices and prospects." Journal of Materials Chemistry C 6, no. 6 (2018): 1291–306. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c7tc05460b.

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Terahertz radiation refers to a broad electromagnetic spectrum range between microwave and infrared waves, which is also known as the terahertz gap due to inadequate materials and technologies for its generation and manipulation.

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Usanov, D.A., N.V. Romanova, and E.A. Saldina. "Prospects and trends in the development of terahertz technologies: patent landscape." Economics of science 3, no. 3 (2017): 189–202. https://doi.org/10.22394/2410-132X-2017-3-3-189-202.

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The article is dedicated to the analysis of areas where terahertz radiation is applicable with the hwlp of a patent papers review, as well as to obtaining knowledge about the invention activity changes in this area over the past 35 years. Orbit patent databases’ capabilities were used to complete this analysis. Data search was conducted by keywords “terahertz” or “THz.” The searches were neither limited by submission dates, by priorities, nor by the country. A comprehensive analysis will allow to determine a more than 7389 patent-analog families’ aplications submitted in the period between 1980 and 2017 years. Statistical processing of obtained documents has been completed with the assistance of program software, indicated in the database. It was revealed that terahertz technologies have significant prospects to be applied in various areas; a fact, that is confirmed by an identified range of fields, where electromagnetic radiation of terahertz spectrum is applicable and is constantly growing. The dynamics of patenting is characterized by annual stable positive growth in the number of applications for inventions in the researched area. The highest number of inventions was identified in the field of instrumentation technologies, optics, telecommunications, semiconductor technologies, and medicine. Additionally, there was analyzed the state of patenting over the course of last five years. Examples of inventions were given. There were identified leading countries and companies in the researched area.

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Usanov, D. А., N. V. Romanova, and Е. А. Saldina. "Prospects and trends in the development of terahertz technologies: patent landscape." Economics of Science 3, no. 3 (2017): 189–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.22394/2410-132x-2017-3-3-189-202.

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The article is dedicated to the analysis of areas where terahertz radiation is applicable with the hwlp of a patent papers review, as well as to obtaining knowledge about the invention activity changes in this area over the past 35 years.Orbit patent databases’ capabilities were used to complete this analysis. Data search was conducted by keywords “terahertz” or “THz.” The searches were neither limited by submission dates, by priorities, nor by the country. A comprehensive analysis will allow to determine a more than 7389 patent-analog families’ aplications submitted in the period between 1980 and 2017 years. Statistical processing of obtained documents has been completed with the assistance of program software, indicated in the database. It was revealed that terahertz technologies have significant prospects to be applied in various areas; a fact, that is confirmed by an identified range of fields, where electromagnetic radiation of terahertz spectrum is applicable and is constantly growing. The dynamics of patenting is characterized by annual stable positive growth in the number of applications for inventions in the researched area. The highest number of inventions was identified in the field of instrumentation technologies, optics, telecommunications, semiconductor technologies, and medicine. Additionally, there was analyzed the state of patenting over the course of last five years. Examples of inventions were given. There were identified leading countries and companies in the researched area.

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Nagatsuma, Tadao. "Trends in Terahertz Device and System Technologies." IEEJ Transactions on Electronics, Information and Systems 128, no. 6 (2008): 832–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1541/ieejeiss.128.832.

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Nagatsuma, Tadao, Shogo Horiguchi, Yusuke Minamikata, et al. "Terahertz wireless communications based on photonics technologies." Optics Express 21, no. 20 (2013): 23736. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/oe.21.023736.

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Zabolotniy, A. G., I. A. Geiko, and L. M. Balagov. "Terahertz radiation in ophthalmology (review)." Acta Biomedica Scientifica 6, no. 6-1 (2021): 168–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.29413/abs.2021-6.6-1.20.

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Terahertz (THz) radiation is one of the new, intensively studied interdisciplinary fi elds of scientifi c knowledge, including medicine, in the fi rst decades of the 21st century. At the beginning of this article (review), in a brief form, the basic statements on THz radiation, the main parameters and properties are presented; the modern THz biophtonics technologies used in biology and medicine are considered – THz refl ectometry, THz spectroscopy methods. Then a number of directions and examples of possible use of THz technologies in biology and medicine, including pharmaceuticals, are given. The main part of the review presents the progress of experimental research and the prospects for the clinical application of medical technologies of THz spectroscopy, THz imaging, in ophthalmology in the study of the morphological and functional state of the ocular surface structures, diagnosis, medical testing, and treatment of ophthalmopathology of the ocular surface. The article concludes with a review of experimental studies on the safety of using THz waves for medical diagnostics and treatment of ophthalmopathology. In the fi nal part, the main problems and prospects of introducing medical THz technologies into the clinical practice of an ophthalmologist are considered.

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Miao, Qing, Gao Wang, and Yang Jun Li. "Research of Landmine Detection Using Terahertz Technology." Applied Mechanics and Materials 644-650 (September 2014): 1313–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.644-650.1313.

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The detection of landmines has become a hard task to deal with because of the diversity of landmines and the complexity of minefield. The development of terahertz technologies has provided a feasible way to detect the buried landmines. Landmines’ shell is usually made of ceramics, plastics, even wood and so on, which terahertz wave could penetrate them easily. The explosives are the major part of landmines. Many types of explosives have the characteristic spectrum in terahertz range, so it would be an effective method to detect landmines by measuring the spectrum of explosives with terahertz time-domain spectroscopy.

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Lawler, Nicholas B., Diwei Ho, Cameron W. Evans, Vincent P. Wallace, and K. Swaminathan Iyer. "Convergence of terahertz radiation and nanotechnology." Journal of Materials Chemistry C 8, no. 32 (2020): 10942–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d0tc01716g.

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Sabluk, A. V., and A. A. Basharin. "Terahertz radiation converter based on metamaterial." Izvestiya Vysshikh Uchebnykh Zavedenii. Materialy Elektronnoi Tekhniki = Materials of Electronics Engineering 26, no. 1 (2023): 56–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.17073/1609-3577-2023-1-56-65.

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Since the early 1980s, the terahertz range (from 0.1 to 10 THz) attracts constant attention of both fundamental and applied physics. Due to its unique properties, terahertz radiation finds it’s applications in spectroscopy, defectoscopy, and security systems. The construction of efficient absorbers and converters in terahertz range is crucial for further development of terahertz technologies. In this work, we use a frequency-selective high-Q metamaterial to construct a converter of terahertz radiation into the infrared radiation. The converter consists of a metamaterial absorber of terahertz radiation covered with a micrometer thick layer of graphite, which emits in the infrared range the energy absorbed by the metamaterial. We have made a numerical electrodynamic and associated thermal simulation of the radiation converter. The metamaterial simulation at 96 GHz (low opacity window of the atmosphere) shows the electromagnetic radiation absorption coefficient of 99.998%, and the analytically calculated converter efficiency of 93.8%. Concluding the above our terahertz radiation converter may contribute to security systems and defectoscopy setups.

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Sabluk, Andrey V., and Alexey A. Basharin. "Metamaterial-based terahertz converter." Modern Electronic Materials 8, no. 4 (2022): 149–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/j.moem.8.4.98919.

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Since the early 1980s the terahertz range (0.1 to 10 THz) attracts permanent attention of fundamental and applied science. Due to its unique properties terahertz radiation is used in a wide range of applications such as spectroscopy, non-destructive defectoscopy and security systems. The design of high-efficiency terahertz absorbers and converters is currently the main task in the development of terahertz technologies. In this work a frequency selective high-Q metamaterial is used for the fabrication of a terahertz-to-infrared converter. The converter consists of a metamaterial-based terahertz absorber coated with a micrometer-thick graphite layer that reemits the absorbed energy in the infrared range. We have carried out electrodynamic and the related thermodynamic calculations of the suggested radiation converter. Numerical simulations yield an electromagnetic radiation absorption coefficient of 99.998% and an analytically calculated converter efficiency of 93.8%. Thanks to these advanced parameters suggested terahertz converter can find it’s applications in a wide range of transportation security inspection and defectoscopy tasks.

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Sabluk, Andrey V., and Alexey A. Basharin. "Metamaterial-based terahertz converter." Modern Electronic Materials 8, no. (4) (2022): 149–55. https://doi.org/10.3897/j.moem.8.4.98919.

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Since the early 1980s the terahertz range (0.1 to 10 THz) attracts permanent attention of fundamental and applied science. Due to its unique properties terahertz radiation is used in a wide range of applications such as spectroscopy, non-destructive defectoscopy and security systems. The design of high-efficiency terahertz absorbers and converters is currently the main task in the development of terahertz technologies. In this work a frequency selective high-Q metamaterial is used for the fabrication of a terahertz-to-infrared converter. The converter consists of a metamaterial-based terahertz absorber coated with a micrometer-thick graphite layer that reemits the absorbed energy in the infrared range. We have carried out electrodynamic and the related thermodynamic calculations of the suggested radiation converter. Numerical simulations yield an electromagnetic radiation absorption coefficient of 99.998% and an analytically calculated converter efficiency of 93.8%. Thanks to these advanced parameters suggested terahertz converter can find it's applications in a wide range of transportation security inspection and defectoscopy tasks.

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Fu, Xiao Jian, and Ji Zhou. "The Applications of Terahertz Spectroscopy in Functional Optical Materials Researches." Applied Mechanics and Materials 320 (May 2013): 133–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.320.133.

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Terahertz radiation refers to the electromagnetic wave whose frequency is usually defined between 0.1 and 10 THz (1 THz=1012 Hz). With the development of the emission and detection technologies of THz radiation, terahertz time-domain spectroscopy (THz-TDS) has been widely used in medical diagnosis, security inspection and materials characterization. In this paper, we introduced briefly the progress of terahertz measurement technologies, and then reviewed the applications of THz spectra in functional materials researches. As two important functional optical materials, TiO2 nanoparticles and yttrium aluminum garnet (YAG) crystal have been investigated with THz-TDS. We introduced the electron injection process in TiO2 studied by time resolved THz spectroscopy which is reported in the literature, and then presented our own work, the THz optical constants of undoped and Tm3+ doped YAG crystals.

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Owida, Hamza Abu, Jamal I. Al-Nabulsi, Muhammad Al-Ayyad, Nidal Turab, and Nawaf Alshdaifat. "Perspective on the applications of terahertz imaging in skin cancer diagnosis." International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) 15, no. 1 (2025): 1242–50. https://doi.org/10.11591/ijece.v15i1.pp1242-1250.

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Applications of terahertz (THz) imaging technologies have advancedsignificantly in the disciplines of biology, medical diagnostics, and non-destructive testing in the past several decades. Significant progress has beenmade in THz biomedical imaging, allowing for the label-free diagnosis ofmalignant tumors. Terahertz frequencies, which lie between those of themicrowave and infrared, are highly sensitive to water concentration and aresignificantly muted by water. Terahertz radiation does not cause ionizationof biological tissues because of its low photon energy. Recently, terahertzspectra, including spectroscopic investigations of cancer, have been reportedat an increasing rate due to the growing interest in their biologicalapplications sparked by these unique features. To improve cancer diagnosiswith terahertz imaging, an appropriate differentiation technique is requiredto increased blood supply and localized rise in tissue water content thatcommonly accompany the presence of malignancy. Terahertz imaging hasbeen found to benefit from structural alterations in afflicted tissues. Thisstudy provides an overview of terahertz technology and briefly discusses theuse of terahertz imaging techniques in the detection of skin cancer. Researchinto the promise and perils of terahertz imaging will also be discussed.

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Owida, Hamza Abu, Jamal I. Al-Nabulsi, Muhammad Al-Ayyad, Nidal Turab, and Nawaf Alshdaifat. "Perspective on the applications of terahertz imaging in skin cancer diagnosis." International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) 15, no. 1 (2025): 1242. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijece.v15i1.pp1242-1250.

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Applications of terahertz (THz) imaging technologies have advanced significantly in the disciplines of biology, medical diagnostics, and non- destructive testing in the past several decades. Significant progress has been made in THz biomedical imaging, allowing for the label-free diagnosis of malignant tumors. Terahertz frequencies, which lie between those of the microwave and infrared, are highly sensitive to water concentration and are significantly muted by water. Terahertz radiation does not cause ionization of biological tissues because of its low photon energy. Recently, terahertz spectra, including spectroscopic investigations of cancer, have been reported at an increasing rate due to the growing interest in their biological applications sparked by these unique features. To improve cancer diagnosis with terahertz imaging, an appropriate differentiation technique is required to increased blood supply and localized rise in tissue water content that commonly accompany the presence of malignancy. Terahertz imaging has been found to benefit from structural alterations in afflicted tissues. This study provides an overview of terahertz technology and briefly discusses the use of terahertz imaging techniques in the detection of skin cancer. Research into the promise and perils of terahertz imaging will also be discussed.

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Cherkasova, Olga, Yan Peng, Maria Konnikova, et al. "Diagnosis of Glioma Molecular Markers by Terahertz Technologies." Photonics 8, no. 1 (2021): 22. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/photonics8010022.

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This review considers glioma molecular markers in brain tissues and body fluids, shows the pathways of their formation, and describes traditional methods of analysis. The most important optical properties of glioma markers in the terahertz (THz) frequency range are also presented. New metamaterial-based technologies for molecular marker detection at THz frequencies are discussed. A variety of machine learning methods, which allow the marker detection sensitivity and differentiation of healthy and tumor tissues to be improved with the aid of THz tools, are considered. The actual results on the application of THz techniques in the intraoperative diagnosis of brain gliomas are shown. THz technologies’ potential in molecular marker detection and defining the boundaries of the glioma’s tissue is discussed.

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Weikle, R. M., T. W. Crowe, and E. L. Kollberg. "Multiplier and Harmonic Generator Technologies for Terahertz Applications." International Journal of High Speed Electronics and Systems 13, no. 02 (2003): 429–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s012915640300179x.

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Harmonic generation based on frequency multipliers has proven to be the most successful and widely used solid-state technology for generating power at submillimeter wavelengths. Over the last several years, the development of new device technologies, implementation of innovative circuits, and application of advanced integrated-circuit processing techniques to frequency multiplier design have resulted in unprecedented levels of performance throughout the submillimeter-wave frequency band. This paper reviews the technological innovations, device options, circuit architectures, and fabrication technologies that have made harmonic generation such a successful approach to source development in the submillimeter spectrum.

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Esman, A. K., V. K. Kuleshov, and G. L. Zykov. "A sensor structure for terahertz data-measuring technologies." Measurement Techniques 54, no. 6 (2011): 708–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11018-011-9791-z.

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Mancini, Tiziana, Augusto Marcelli, Stefano Lupi, and Annalisa D’Arco. "New Frontier in Terahertz Technologies for Virus Sensing." Electronics 12, no. 1 (2022): 135. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics12010135.

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The recent pandemic of SARS-CoV-2 virus has made evident critical issues relating to virus sensing and the need for deployable tools for adequate, rapid, effective viral recognition on a large-scale. Although many conventional molecular and immuno-based techniques are widely used for these purposes, they still have some drawbacks concerning sensitivity, safety, laboriousness, long-term collection and data analysis. Therefore, new rapidly emerging approaches have been introduced such as terahertz (THz)-based technologies. In this contribution, we summarize the emerging THz radiation technology, its solutions and applications for high-sensitivity viral detection.

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Song, Ho-Jin, Takuro Tajima, and Makoto Yaita. "Terahertz Device Technologies for Ultrafast Data Downburst Applications." NTT Technical Review 13, no. 1 (2015): 35–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.53829/ntr201501fa6.

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Yang, Meihui, Siqi Zhang, Haochong Huang, et al. "Insights into a Mineral Resource Chlorite Mica Carbonate Schist by Terahertz Spectroscopy Technology." Energies 15, no. 17 (2022): 6314. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15176314.

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Nowadays, the mineral resources formed by geological processes have been effectively utilized with the boom exploration of novel technologies. Traditional analytical methods, such as X-ray Fluorescence, X-ray diffraction, and Scanning electron microscopy, remain the commonly used approaches for resource detection. However, recent accelerations in terahertz component progress have promoted researchers to discover more potential technologies in mineral resource exploration. In this article, the various porosities and calcination products of Chlorite mica carbonate schist, a mineral resource and potent medicine, are detected using the terahertz time–domain spectroscopy. The terahertz constant measurement of Chlorite mica carbonate schist tablets including the amplitude and phase values was carried out. After Fourier transforms, notable differences of absorption coefficients and refractive index are observed from these experimental samples, which have compelling indications to quantitatively analyze the pore conditions and pyrolytic properties of mineral resources. This active research has vital implications for the rock reservoir properties analysis and mineral energy utilization. It is also identified that terahertz time–domain spectroscopy can be considered as a promising method for the qualitative, reliable, and efficient detection of mineral resources.

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Yu, Dinglin. "Research on the application of the terahertz technique." Applied and Computational Engineering 62, no. 1 (2024): 198–210. http://dx.doi.org/10.54254/2755-2721/62/20240427.

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Terahertz is a new radiation source with many unique advantages and terahertz technology is a very important cross-cutting frontier field, providing a very attractive opportunity for technological innovation, national economic development and national security that may lead to revolutionary developments in science and technology. This article introduces the advantages and disadvantages of electromagnetic waves in the terahertz frequency band, the origin and development history of terahertz technology, and the composition of common terahertz systems, and outlines the technologies of secure communication, detection, imaging, etc., according to their principles. The analysis shows that under the premise of ensuring the size of its key devices to be miniaturized in application, and solving the technical difficulties such as its complicated use, high overall cost and reliance on low-temperature operation, the terahertz technology will have a broad market prospect in the fields of biology, medical treatment, communication, military security and so on.

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Kato, Kazutoshi. "Photonics-Assisted Terahertz-Wave Beam Steering and Its Application in Secured Wireless Communication." Photonics 9, no. 1 (2021): 9. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/photonics9010009.

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Beam forming and beam steering are inevitable technologies for the practical application of high-frequency electromagnetic waves. Specifically, beam control technology using a phased array for terahertz waves above 100 GHz is necessary to realize the future of high-speed wireless communication. By photomixing, which is a promising method for generating terahertz waves, the phase of the generated waves can be tuned in the optical domain, so that the beam from the phased array can be controlled by photonics technologies. Directing the beam of a terahertz wave enables wireless communication to be improved not only via an increase in power efficiency but also in security in the physical layer of the wireless transmission. By utilizing this advantage and using coherent detection at the receiver, a secured wireless communication system is proposed, and the fundamental mechanism is demonstrated in a feasibility experiment.

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Surma, Mateusz, Mateusz Kaluza, Patrycja Czerwińska, Paweł Komorowski, and Agnieszka Siemion. "Neural-network based approach to optimize THz computer generated holograms." Photonics Letters of Poland 13, no. 4 (2021): 88. http://dx.doi.org/10.4302/plp.v13i4.1124.

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Terahertz (THz) optics often encounters the problem of small f number values (elements have relatively small diameters comparing to focal lengths). The need to redirect the THz beam out of the optical axis or form particular intensity distributions resulted in the application of iterative holographic methods to design THz diffractive elements. Elements working on-axis do not encounter significant improvement while using iterative holographic methods, however, for more complicated distributions the difference becomes meaningful. Here, we propose a totally different approach to design THz holograms, utilizing a neural network based algorithm, suitable also for complicated distributions. Full Text: PDF ReferencesY. Tao, A. Fitzgerald and V. Wallace, "Non-Contact, Non-Destructive Testing in Various Industrial Sectors with Terahertz Technology", Sensors, 20(3), 712 (2020). CrossRef J. O'Hara, S. Ekin, W. Choi and I. Song, "A Perspective on Terahertz Next-Generation Wireless Communications", Technologies, 7(2), 43 (2019). CrossRef L. Yu et al., "The medical application of terahertz technology in non-invasive detection of cells and tissues: opportunities and challenges", RSC Advances, 9(17), 9354 (2019). CrossRef A. Siemion, "The Magic of Optics—An Overview of Recent Advanced Terahertz Diffractive Optical Elements", Sensors, 21(1), 100 (2020). CrossRef A. Siemion, "Terahertz Diffractive Optics—Smart Control over Radiation", J. Infrared Millim. Terahertz Waves, 40(5), 477 (2019). CrossRef M. Surma, I. Ducin, P. Zagrajek and A. Siemion, "Sub-Terahertz Computer Generated Hologram with Two Image Planes", Appl. Sci., 9(4), 659 (2019). CrossRef S. Banerji and B.Sensale-Rodriguez, "A Computational Design Framework for Efficient, Fabrication Error-Tolerant, Planar THz Diffractive Optical Elements", Sci. Rep., 9(1), 5801 (2019). CrossRef J. Sun and F. Hu, "Three-dimensional printing technologies for terahertz applications: A review", Int. J. RF. Microw. C. E., 30(1) (2020). CrossRef E. Castro-Camus, M. Koch and A. I. Hernandez-Serrano, "Additive manufacture of photonic components for the terahertz band", J. Appl. Phys., 127(21), 210901 (2020). CrossRef https://community.wolfram.com/groups/-/m/t/2028026?p_%20479%20p_auth=blBtLb5d DirectLink P. Komorowski, et al., "Three-focal-spot terahertz diffractive optical element-iterative design and neural network approach", Opt. Express, 29(7), 11243-11253 (2021) CrossRef M. Sypek, "Light propagation in the Fresnel region. New numerical approach", Opt. Commun., 116(1-3), 43 (1995). CrossRef

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Kumar, Abhishek, Manoj Gupta, Prakash Pitchappa, Nan Wang, Masayuki Fujita, and Ranjan Singh. "Terahertz topological photonic integrated circuits for 6G and beyond: A Perspective." Journal of Applied Physics 132, no. 14 (2022): 140901. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0099423.

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The development of terahertz integrated circuits is vital for realizing sixth-generation (6G) wireless communication, high-speed on-chip interconnects, high-resolution imaging, on-chip biosensors, and fingerprint chemical detection. Nonetheless, the existing terahertz on-chip devices suffer from reflection, and scattering losses at sharp bends or defects. Recently discovered topological phases of light endow the photonics devices with extraordinary properties, such as reflectionless propagation and robustness against impurities or defects, which is vital for terahertz integrated devices. Leveraging the robustness of topological edge states combined with a low-loss silicon platform is poised to offer a remarkable performance of the terahertz devices providing a breakthrough in the field of terahertz integrated circuits and high-speed interconnects. In this Perspective, we present a brief outlook of various terahertz functional devices enabled by a photonic topological insulator that will pave the path for augmentation of complementary metal oxide semiconductor compatible terahertz technologies, essential for accelerating the vision of 6G communication and beyond to enable ubiquitous connectivity and massive digital cloning of physical and biological worlds.

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Bogue, Robert. "Sensing with terahertz radiation: a review of recent progress." Sensor Review 38, no. 2 (2018): 216–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/sr-10-2017-0221.

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Purpose This paper aims to provide a technical insight into a selection of recent developments and applications involving terahertz sensing technology. Design/methodology/approach Following an introduction, the first part of this paper considers a selection of research activities involving terahertz radiation sources and detectors. The second part seeks to illustrate how the technology is exerting a commercial impact and discusses a number of product developments and applications. Findings Terahertz sensing is a rapidly developing field and a strong body of research seeks to develop sources and detectors with enhanced features which often exploit novel materials, phenomena and technologies. Commercialisation is gathering pace, and a growing number of companies are producing terahertz sensing and imaging products which are finding a diversity of applications. Originality/value This provides details of recent research, product developments and applications involving terahertz sensing technology.

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Makeeva, Galina S. "Plasmonic antennas based on rectangular graphene nanoribbons with controlled polarization of terahertz and infrared radiation." Physics of Wave Processes and Radio Systems 27, no. 3 (2024): 81–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.18469/1810-3189.2024.27.3.81-90.

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Background. To develop new terahertz wireless communication systems with high throughput and transmission speeds, such as 6G and above, effective control of the polarization direction of emitted terahertz waves is necessary, but most methods are technologically complex and expensive. The implementation of terahertz antennas and devices based on 2D materials such as graphene solves the problem associated with developing effective control. Aim. Study of the possibility of controlling the polarization of terahertz and IR radiation of plasmonic antennas based on rectangular graphene nanoribbons by changing the chemical potential (application of an external electric field). Methods. This important scientific problem related to the design of terahertz antennas can largely be solved by simulation using the electrodynamic simulation program CST MWS 2023. Results. Plasmon terahertz antennas based on rectangular graphene nanoribbons were chosen as the object of analysis and the possibility of emitting waves of two orthogonal polarizations was shown. Methods have been identified for controlling the polarization of terahertz and IR radiation from such antennas, based on the selection of operating frequencies corresponding to the resonances of the modes of surface plasmon-polaritons, and the application of metallization to the dielectric substrate. Conclusion. The ability to control the polarization of terahertz and IR radiation makes it possible to create both new elements of plasmonic antenna arrays and new communication technologies, including future 6G networks.

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Xie, Jingya, Wangcheng Ye, Linjie Zhou, et al. "A Review on Terahertz Technologies Accelerated by Silicon Photonics." Nanomaterials 11, no. 7 (2021): 1646. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano11071646.

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In the last couple of decades, terahertz (THz) technologies, which lie in the frequency gap between the infrared and microwaves, have been greatly enhanced and investigated due to possible opportunities in a plethora of THz applications, such as imaging, security, and wireless communications. Photonics has led the way to the generation, modulation, and detection of THz waves such as the photomixing technique. In tandem with these investigations, researchers have been exploring ways to use silicon photonics technologies for THz applications to leverage the cost-effective large-scale fabrication and integration opportunities that it would enable. Although silicon photonics has enabled the implementation of a large number of optical components for practical use, for THz integrated systems, we still face several challenges associated with high-quality hybrid silicon lasers, conversion efficiency, device integration, and fabrication. This paper provides an overview of recent progress in THz technologies based on silicon photonics or hybrid silicon photonics, including THz generation, detection, phase modulation, intensity modulation, and passive components. As silicon-based electronic and photonic circuits are further approaching THz frequencies, one single chip with electronics, photonics, and THz functions seems inevitable, resulting in the ultimate dream of a THz electronic–photonic integrated circuit.

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Nagatsuma, Tadao. "4 Recent Progress in Imaging Technologies Using Terahertz Waves." Journal of the Institute of Image Information and Television Engineers 67, no. 3 (2013): 211–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.3169/itej.67.211.

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Hillger, Philipp, Janusz Grzyb, Ritesh Jain, and Ullrich R. Pfeiffer. "Terahertz Imaging and Sensing Applications With Silicon-Based Technologies." IEEE Transactions on Terahertz Science and Technology 9, no. 1 (2019): 1–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tthz.2018.2884852.

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Sartorius, B., M. Schlak, D. Stanze, et al. "Continuous wave terahertz systems exploiting 15 µm telecom technologies." Optics Express 17, no. 17 (2009): 15001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/oe.17.015001.

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Ding, Chenxin, Bo Su, Guoyang Wang, Qinghao Meng, Jiahui Wang, and Cunlin Zhang. "Terahertz Absorption Characteristics of the Sodium Carboxymethyl Cellulose Colloid Based on Microfluidic Technology." International Journal of Optics 2021 (September 4, 2021): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/5555325.

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Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose is a type of macromolecular chemical substance that is widely used in the industry for food thickening. In this study, terahertz and microfluidic technologies were combined, and a microfluidic chip with a channel depth of 50 μm was fabricated to carry samples. The terahertz characteristics of the sodium carboxymethyl cellulose colloid were studied at different concentrations and applied electric fields. The obtained results showed that different concentrations of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose have different time-domain spectra; with an increase in concentration, the terahertz transmittance of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose decreased. Under the applied electric field treatment, the longer the electric field acting time is, the higher the terahertz transmission intensity is. This approach is a safe and reliable new method for the determination of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose concentration, which provides technical support for the in-depth study of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose.

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Ren, Zhi, Ya Nan Cao, Shuang Peng, and Hong Jiang Lei. "A MAC Protocol for Terahertz Ultra-High Data-Rate Wireless Networks." Applied Mechanics and Materials 427-429 (September 2013): 2864–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.427-429.2864.

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The terahertz wave is a kind of electromagnetic waves which locates between millimeter waves and infrared lightwaves, and the frequency range is 0.14THz~10THz. Terahertz is used as a carrier wave to communicate with each other because it has large bandwidth which can support Gbps wireless data rates. Therefore, terahertz communication technologies become research hot spots in recent years. However, its still rare in MAC protocol of terahertz ultra-high data-rate wireless networks at present. In order to realize wireless access of ultra-high data-rate under the condition of terahertz carrier frequency, a novel MAC protocol is proposed in this paper. The improved MAC protocol which makes the maximum data rates reach up to 10Gbps or higher is designed by new MAC control mechanisms, new time-slots allocation schemes and new superframe structure. Theoretical analysis and simulation results show that the new proposed MAC protocol of terahertz ultra-high data-rate wireless networks can operation normally, and the maximum data rate can reach up to 19.2Gbps. This maximum data rate is 2 times higher than 5.78 Gbps which IEEE 802.15.3c can achieve.

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Jelali, Mohieddine, and Konstantinos Papadopoulos. "Inline Inspection of Packaged Food Using Microwave/Terahertz Sensing—An Overview with Focus on Confectionery Products." Processes 12, no. 4 (2024): 712. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr12040712.

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Electromagnetic systems, in particular microwave/terahertz sensing technologies, are the newest among nondestructive sensing technologies. Currently, increased attention is pointed towards their use in various applications. Among these, food inspection stands out as a primary area due to its potential risk to human safety. As a result, substantial efforts are currently focused on utilizing microwave/terahertz imaging as a tool to enhance the efficacy of food quality assessments. This paper deals with the exploitation of microwave/terahertz imaging technology for food quality control and assessment. In particular, the work aims at reviewing the latest developments regarding the detection of internal quality parameters, such as foreign bodies, i.e., plastic, glass, and wood substances/fragments, as well as checking the completeness of the packaged food under consideration. Emphasis is placed on the (inline) inspection of wrapped/packaged food, such as chocolates, cookies, pastries, cakes, and similar confectionery products, moving along production conveyor belts. Moreover, the paper gives a recent overview of system prototypes and industrial products and highlights emerging research topics and future application directions in this area.

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Lebrun, Romain. "Take Terahertz for a spin." EU Research Winter 2023, no. 36 (2023): 48–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.56181/vfzc7876.

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Despite important developments in photo-conductive switches and quantum cascade lasers for THz generation, THz technologies are used in only a few relatively niche applications. We spoke to Dr. Romain Lebrun, the project coordinator from Thales Research Center, about the work of the s-Nebula project in developing a new approach based on spintronics and exploring the potential applications of this emerging technology.

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Xing, Hongyang, Junxing Fan, Dan Lu, Zhen Gao, Perry Ping Shum, and Longqing Cong. "Terahertz Metamaterials for Free-Space and on-Chip Applications: From Active Metadevices to Topological Photonic Crystals." Advanced Devices & Instrumentation 2022 (August 4, 2022): 1–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.34133/2022/9852503.

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Terahertz (THz) waves have exhibited promising applications in imaging, sensing, and communications, especially for the next-generation wireless communications due to the large bandwidth and abundant spectral resources. Modulators and waveguides to manipulate THz waves are becoming key components to develop the relevant technologies where metamaterials have exhibited extraordinary performance to control free-space and on-chip propagation, respectively. In this review, we will give a brief overview of the current progress in active metadevices and topological photonic crystals, for applications of terahertz free-space modulators and on-chip waveguides. In the first part, the most recent research progress of active terahertz metadevices will be discussed by combining metamaterials with various active media. In the second part, fundamentals of photonic topological insulations will be introduced where the topological photonic crystals are an emerging research area that would boost the development of on-chip terahertz communications. It is envisioned that the combination of them would find great potential in more advanced terahertz applications, such as reconfigurable topological waveguides and topologically-protected metadevices.

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Smith, Robert A. "Foreword to the Special Issue on Terahertz Nondestructive Testing." Applied Sciences 11, no. 24 (2021): 11724. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app112411724.

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Akter, Naznin, Muhammad Mahmudul Hasan, and Nezih Pala. "A Review of THz Technologies for Rapid Sensing and Detection of Viruses including SARS-CoV-2." Biosensors 11, no. 10 (2021): 349. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/bios11100349.

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Virus epidemics such as Ebola virus, Zika virus, MERS-coronavirus, and others have wreaked havoc on humanity in the last decade. In addition, a coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic and its continuously evolving mutants have become so deadly that they have forced the entire technical advancement of healthcare into peril. Traditional ways of detecting these viruses have been successful to some extent, but they are costly, time-consuming, and require specialized human resources. Terahertz-based biosensors have the potential to lead the way for low-cost, non-invasive, and rapid virus detection. This review explores the latest progresses in terahertz technology-based biosensors for the virus, viral particle, and antigen detection, as well as upcoming research directions in the field.

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