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Miksan Ansori. "Terminologi dan Aspek-aspek Collaborative Problem Solving Skill’s." Dirasah : Jurnal Studi Ilmu dan Manajemen Pendidikan Islam 1, no. 2 (August 30, 2018): 23–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.29062/dirasah.v1i2.20.
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Collaborative problem solving is one of a series of abilities that are needed in the 21st century in various aspects of life such as work, community, organization and even in the family. If it is not instilled early on, this ability will not be owned by a person given the flow of globalization and technological development, communication and information in many studies actually gives the effect of exlusivism, individualism and low social attitudes that make it difficult for them to collaborate in solving increasingly complex problems.
Discourse on Collaborative Problem Solving in various aspects is needed. In addition to strengthening and developing science, studies on CPS are needed to further strengthen practitioners to implement them. Before proceeding further in the application and development of Collaborative Problem Solving skills, the meaning and aspects must be clearly known first.
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Vicentini, Federico. "Terminology in safety of collaborative robotics." Robotics and Computer-Integrated Manufacturing 63 (June 2020): 101921. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rcim.2019.101921.
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Rico, Celia. "From hacker spirit to collaborative terminology." Translation Spaces 2 (November 15, 2013): 19–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/ts.2.02ric.
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Whether dealing with social work, humanitarian assistance, solidarity or cooperation, the multilingual linguistic resources necessary for supporting social mediators within the domain of humanitarian work are significantly lacking. Institutional infrastructures which could be capable of fulfilling these needs end up being excessively rigid and sluggish in responding to the complex linguistic situations in which people in vulnerable circumstances find themselves immersed. As such, in times of need and of assistance following a natural disaster, or as a consequence of armed conflict or due to reasons of social injustice, the traditional, linear and hierarchical processes of terminology production prove inadequate when the tools critical for dealing with urgent situations must be provided. Unlike the methods typically used in industrial societies, the “network society” proposes new models of collaborative work patterned on virtual communities. This article takes as its premise that the hacker spirit, a key aspect of the “network society” (Castells 2011), is an exceptional point of reference around which new processes for terminology work can be developed. The goal of the article is to explore this terrain and show how these ideas have actually been implemented in practice through the creation of the collaborative platform Humanterm.
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Tremblay, Klaire. "La technologie langagière au Secrétariat d’État du Canada : une réalité quotidienne." Meta 37, no. 4 (September 30, 2002): 761–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/004506ar.
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Résumé Depuis le début des années 70, le Canada montre un vif intérêt pour tout ce qui touche le traitement électronique du langage. Le projet TAUM MÉTÉO et la banque de terminologie TERMWM en sont d'excellents exemples. Le Secrétariat d'État se livre maintenant à l'essai, en milieu opérationnel, de deux outils de traduction haute technologie, soit du logiciel de TAO LOGOS et du poste de travail du traducteur (PTT). Les expériences menées jusqu'à ce jour ont donné lieu à diverses évaluations techniques ainsi qu'à des études linguistiques et ergonomiques, notamment à l'établissement d'une typologie des textes pouvant se prêter au traitement machine. Le Secrétariat d'État travaille dorénavant en étroite collaboration avec la société Logos et avec le centre de recherche responsable de la conception du PTT afin d'améliorer les prototypes à la lumière des besoins et des recommandations des traducteurs. Outre les deux grands projets-pilotes susmentionnés, le Secrétariat d'État vient également de doter l'ensemble de ses 800 traducteurs de micro-ordinateurs haut de gamme et il procède actuellement à la création d'une trousse d'ouvrages électroniques. De plus, il collabore à la mise au point d'une station de travail pour terminologue appelée LATTER (L'ATelier du TERminologue), dont le premier prototype sera mis à l'essai à l'été 1992. Toutes ces entreprises tendent vers un but à long terme, soit l'intégration en un seul et même système des meilleures aides à la traduction disponibles sur le marché. C'est ainsi que le traducteur de demain pourra, de son poste de travail, communiquer directement avec son client, consulter toutes les sources de documentation et les bases de données terminologiques électroniques nécessaires, confier la traduction de certains passages à un logiciel de traduction et, le cas échéant, procéder à l'éditique de son texte. Les possibilités sont immenses dans le domaine du traitement des langues naturelles, et le Secrétariat d'État du Canada déploie des efforts soutenus afin de demeurer à la tête du peloton.
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Lin, H. K., J. A. Harding, and P. C. Teoh. "An inter-enterprise semantic web system to support information autonomy and conflict moderation." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part B: Journal of Engineering Manufacture 219, no. 12 (December 1, 2005): 903–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1243/095440505x32788.
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This paper discusses a semantic web architecture for formation of an extended project team manufacturing system engineering moderator (EEMSEM) which includes four major modules: ontology acquisition, ontology mapping, knowledge acquisition, and design moderation. This collaborative system architecture focuses on how to support information autonomy that allows individual enterprises to keep their own preferred terminology or languages rather than requiring them to adopt a single standardized vocabulary. Different engineering information terminologies are interpreted and automatically connected to the corresponding terminologies through mapping into the mediated ontology model. A case study is provided to demonstrate how the EEMSEM applies its ontology during the moderation of an extended enterprise, supply chain focused project.
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Chen, Liang-Chu, Ting-Jung Yu, and Chi-Li Chang. "TMTpedia: a case of extended Wikipedia for the military-based application in Taiwan." Electronic Library 33, no. 3 (June 1, 2015): 450–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/el-08-2013-0151.
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Purpose – This paper aims to collect the terminologies from the Ministry of National Defense military dictionary and to design a military-based wiki system, TMTpedia, to serve as a collaborative and sharing platform for military personnel. Design/methodology/approach – The development of the system is based on a prototype design and case illustration. The framework of the Taiwan Military Terminology Wikipedia system (TMTpedia) consists of three major subsystems, namely, Military Terminology Dictionary Processing, Military Article Contents Extension and Military Article and Resource Recommendation. This paper applies the engines of MediaWiki to design the proposed TMTpedia, and embedded different functions into a variety of system modules are developed by using such tools as C#, Java and SQL Server. Findings – In this demonstration, the focus is on the topics of “Communications, Electronics and Information Operations” that are illustrative of cases that reveal the results of the TMTpedia system. Originality/value – The main contributions of this paper are to transform military terminologies from a traditional dictionary into Wiki-based platform that can provide a reference framework for knowledge collaboration, to extend the content on the TMTpedia system from an external knowledge encyclopedia to an extensible mechanism that can renew military concepts for the accuracy of knowledge sharing and transformation and to implement a recommendation model into the TMTpedia system that dynamically provides relevant military information from external resources to enhance the effectiveness of knowledge acquisition.
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Lorne, Frank, and Pavla Hlozkova. "Creative Collaborative Learning for Macroeconomics: C-Span Video Clips in MBA Classroom." International Journal of Learning and Teaching 8, no. 4 (October 31, 2016): 215. http://dx.doi.org/10.18844/ijlt.v8i4.595.
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Creative collaborative learning (CCL) is attempted in a classroom environment for studying macroeconomics for a global economy where the frontier of models and theories are often shaped by decision makers in global and national institutions. The methodology is suitable for student-centered learning MBA students who must put themselves through realistic situations, asking right questions, and making decisions. Traditional top-down methodology of emphasizing model building and mathematical proofs in studying macroeconomics are not suitable at the MBA level. The proposed CCL model in this study entails the joint efforts of three groups of players—the professionals, the students, and the instructor. Constructive knowledge is acquired not by drill and memorization of definitions, but by learning from the contexts in which terminologies are pragmatically applied, utilizing critical thinking. Students in an MBA class were asked to form country-focus teams, identifying country macroeconomic indicators as well as specific issues affecting infrastructure and performance of a country. Specific video clips were searched and reviewed in C-span video library. This search and review exercise were analyzed by evaluating their effectiveness in motivating interests, learning of abstract terminologies, professional manner and articulation method, and recognizing the role of important institutions through the speaking professionals. Our research shows that if students hear a terminology from a professional in a particular field, they connect the term with an experience of listening to the person and also with a face of the person and with the institution where he/she is affiliated with. An abstract concept becomes easier, more pragmatic, and more fun to learn beyond memorization. On that dimension, our classroom experiment achieved good success. However, CCL demands evaluations for “in-the-moment” expressions and quotations that can “elevate thinking” in a student-centered learning environment. CCL is effective for some clips but not generally. Our research also looks into how design of learning activities can better achieve CCL. Keywords: Creative Collaborative Learning; MBA Macroeconomics; C-Span Video Clips
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Lorne, Frank, and Pavla Hlozkova. "Creative collaborative learning for macroeconomics: C-span video clips in MBA classroom." International Journal of Learning and Teaching 8, no. 4 (November 10, 2017): 215–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.18844/ijlt.v8i4.2658.
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Creative collaborative learning (CCL) is attempted in a classroom environment for studying macroeconomics for a global economy where the frontier of models and theories are often shaped by decision makers in global and national institutions. The methodology is suitable for student-centered learning MBA students who must put themselves through realistic situations, asking right questions and making decisions. Traditional top-down methodology of emphasizing model building and mathematical proofs in studying macroeconomics are not suitable at the MBA level. The proposed CCL model in this study entails the joint efforts of three groups of players—the professionals, the students and the instructor. Constructive knowledge is acquired not by drill and memorization of definitions, but by learning from the contexts in which terminologies are pragmatically applied, utilizing critical thinking. Students in an MBA class were asked to form country-focus teams, identifying country macroeconomic indicators as well as specific issues affecting infrastructure and performance of a country. Specific video clips were searched and reviewed in C-span video library. This search and review exercise were analyzed by evaluating their effectiveness in motivating interests, learning of abstract terminologies, professional manner and articulation method, and recognizing the role of important institutions through the speaking professionals. Our research shows that if students hear a terminology from a professional in a particular field, they connect the term with an experience of listening to the person and also with a face of the person and with the institution where he/she is affiliated with. An abstract concept becomes easier, more pragmatic, and more fun to learn beyond memorization. On that dimension, the researchers’ classroom experiment achieved good success. However, CCL demands evaluations for “in-the-moment” expressions and quotations that can “elevate thinking” in a student-centered learning environment. CCL is effective for some clips but not generally. Our research also looks into how design of learning activities can better achieve CCL.
Keywords: Creative Collaborative Learning, C-Span Video Clips, MBA Macroeconomics
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Elmore, Susan A., Robert Cardiff, Mark F. Cesta, Georgios V. Gkoutos, Robert Hoehndorf, Charlotte M. Keenan, Colin McKerlie, Paul N. Schofield, John P. Sundberg, and Jerrold M. Ward. "A Review of Current Standards and the Evolution of Histopathology Nomenclature for Laboratory Animals." ILAR Journal 59, no. 1 (2018): 29–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ilar/ily005.
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Abstract The need for international collaboration in rodent pathology has evolved since the 1970s and was initially driven by the new field of toxicologic pathology. First initiated by the World Health Organization’s International Agency for Research on Cancer for rodents, it has evolved to include pathology of the major species (rats, mice, guinea pigs, nonhuman primates, pigs, dogs, fish, rabbits) used in medical research, safety assessment, and mouse pathology. The collaborative effort today is driven by the needs of the regulatory agencies in multiple countries, and by needs of research involving genetically engineered animals, for “basic” research and for more translational preclinical models of human disease. These efforts led to the establishment of an international rodent pathology nomenclature program. Since that time, multiple collaborations for standardization of laboratory animal pathology nomenclature and diagnostic criteria have been developed, and just a few are described herein. Recently, approaches to a nomenclature that is amenable to sophisticated computation have been made available and implemented for large-scale programs in functional genomics and aging. Most terminologies continue to evolve as the science of human and veterinary pathology continues to develop, but standardization and successful implementation remain critical for scientific communication now as ever in the history of veterinary nosology.
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Ozbolt, J. "Terminology Standards for Nursing: Collaboration at the Summit." Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association 7, no. 6 (November 1, 2000): 517–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jamia.2000.0070517.
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Harris, Marcelline R., Laura Heermann Langford, Holly Miller, Mary Hook, Patricia C. Dykes, and Susan A. Matney. "Harmonizing and extending standards from a domain-specific and bottom-up approach: an example from development through use in clinical applications." Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association 22, no. 3 (February 10, 2015): 545–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jamia/ocu020.
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Abstract Objective Currently, the processes for harmonizing and extending standards by leveraging the knowledge within local documentation artifacts are not well described. We describe a collaborative project to develop common information models, terminology bindings, and term definitions based on nursing documentation systems, and carry the findings through to the adoption in standards development organizations (SDOs) and technical implementations in clinical applications. Materials and Methods Nursing flowsheet documents from six large organizations were analyzed to generate a common information model and terminologies that fully expressed documentation across all systems, and were sufficient for evidence-based decision support, reporting, and analysis. Results Significant gaps in existing standards were identified. The models and terminologies were submitted to and incorporated by SDOs, are published, implemented, and now serving as a foundation for an eMeasure. Discussion There are few examples in the literature of success working through the standards development process from a bottom-up perspective. Subsequently, standards do not yet fully address the need for detailed clinical data that enables, for example, decision support as well as a range of reporting and analytic requirements. Recommendations from this project include transparent processes within SDOs, registries that make models and associated terminologies freely available, and coordinated governance processes. Conclusion We demonstrated the feasibility of using documentation artifacts in a bottom-up approach to develop common models and sets of terms that are complete from the perspective of clinical implementation. Importantly, we demonstrated a process by which a community of practice can contribute to closing gaps in existing standards using SDO processes.
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Štrbaňova, Soňa. "International collaboration in the history of science of Central Europe." Studia Historiae Scientiarum 14 (May 27, 2015): 347–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.4467/23921749pkhn_pau.16.017.5273.
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In the last ten years, approximately, we could witness an evolution in informal international collaboration focusing on shared and interconnected history of science in the Habsburg Monarchy and in Central Europe in general. This effort, which includes mainly historians of science from Austria, Czech Republic, Hungary and Poland, has already produced a number of important results and contributed to the thematization of some timeless topics of history of sciences such as, for instance, nationalization and internationalization of science. In the context of this cooperation, the seminar of Jan Surman, a historian of science of Polish descent, held at the Institute of Contemporary History of the Czech Academy of Sciences in Prague in May 2015, concentrated on the formation of national scientific terminologies. It also underlined the necessity and usefulness of international collaboration in achieving a deeper understanding of the “national” histories of science, which cannot be separated from the “international” history.
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Campbell, K. E., D. E. Oliver, and E. H. Shortliffe. "The Unified Medical Language System: Toward a Collaborative Approach for Solving Terminologic Problems." Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association 5, no. 1 (January 1, 1998): 12–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jamia.1998.0050012.
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Moreira, Albert, Raul Alonso-Calvo, Alberto Muñoz, and José Crespo. "Measuring Relevant Information in Health Social Network Conversations and Clinical Diagnosis Cases." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 15, no. 12 (December 9, 2018): 2787. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph15122787.
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The Internet and social media is an enormous source of information. Health social networks and online collaborative environments enable users to create shared content that afterwards can be discussed. The aim of this paper is to present a novel methodology designed for quantifying relevant information provided by different participants in clinical online discussions. The main goal of the methodology is to facilitate the comparison of participant interactions in clinical conversations. A set of key indicators for different aspects of clinical conversations and specific clinical contributions within a discussion have been defined. Particularly, three new indicators have been proposed to make use of biomedical knowledge extraction based on standard terminologies and ontologies. These indicators allow measuring the relevance of information of each participant of the clinical conversation. Proposed indicators have been applied to one discussion extracted from PatientsLikeMe, as well as to two real clinical cases from the Sanar collaborative discussion system. Results obtained from indicators in the tested cases have been compared with clinical expert opinions to check indicators validity. The methodology has been successfully used for describing participant interactions in real clinical cases belonging to a collaborative clinical case discussion tool and from a conversation from a health social network. This work can be applied to assess collaborative diagnoses, discussions among patients, and the participation of students in clinical case discussions. It permits moderators and educators to obtain a quantitatively measure of the contribution of each participant.
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Enqvist, Johanna, Tiina Onikki-Rantajääskö, and Kaarina Pitkänen-Heikkilä. "Terminology work as open, communal and collaborative crowdsourcing practice of academic communities." Terminology 27, no. 1 (July 5, 2021): 56–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/term.00058.enq.
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Abstract This article introduces the Helsinki Term Bank for the Arts and Sciences (HTB), as an innovative case of a terminology project which constructs a database of scholarly terms by offering a multidisciplinary platform for collaborative terminology work and niche-sourcing at the wiki-based internet platform. Moreover, the HTB is theorised as an Information Infrastructure (II) to present and dissect how a particular set of values is embedded and woven into the HTB’s design and structure. Analysing the results of the two surveys aimed at the users and experts of the HTB in 2019, the article discusses how these values are transforming and evolving further in the HTB’s multidimensional network of actors.
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Schwab, Dieter. "Fragen zwischen Sozial- und Rechtswissenschaften bei familienbezogener Forschung ‒ aus rechtswissenschaftlicher Sicht." Journal of Family Research 28, no. 2 (September 1, 2016): 208–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.20377/jfr-56.
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Since social sciences and jurisprudence refer to each other in family-related research in many ways, it appears to be extremely important that both disciplines collaborate. They both have in common that they consider it possible that legal norms and societal realities diverge and that this division can be delineated scientifically. From this divergence, they deduce calls for consequences in legal policy. Diverging tasks and viewpoints as well as differing terms and methods may lead to misconceptions that, in turn, can only be identified by mutual comprehension and collaboration. In the contribution presented here, these findings shall be exemplified by several family constellations, such as marriage, civil union, separation and divorce, legal and social parenthood, single parents, stepfamily, socio-family relationship. In the conclusion, there shall be a plea – from the viewpoint of jurisprudence – for an intensification of transdisciplinary research.
Zusammenfassung
Die Zusammenarbeit von Sozial- und Rechtswissenschaften bei familienbezogener Forschung erscheint als außerordentlich wichtig, weil diese Disziplinen vielfach aufeinander Bezug nehmen. Gemeinsam ist ihnen, dass sie ein Auseinanderfallen von Rechtsnormen und gesellschaftlicher Realität für möglich und wissenschaftlich darstellbar halten und daraus rechtspolitische Forderungen ableiten. Unterschiedliche Aufgabenstellungen und Sichtweisen sowie unterschiedliche Terminologie und Methodik bringen indes die Gefahr von Missverständnissen hervor, die nur durch gegenseitige Verständigung und Zusammenarbeit offengelegt werden kann. Der Beitrag erläutert diesen Befund anhand einiger familiärer Konstellationen wie Ehe, nichteheliche Lebensgemeinschaft, Ehescheidung und Paartrennung, rechtliche und soziale Elternschaft, alleinerziehende Eltern, Stieffamilie, sozialfamiliäre Beziehung. Den Schluss bildet ein Plädoyer aus Sicht der Rechtswissenschaft für die Intensivierung transdisziplinärer Forschung.
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Lervad, Susanne. "Recherche en terminologie et applications pratiques : quelques axes de collaboration avec des partenaires industriels danois." Revue française de linguistique appliquée XIV, no. 2 (2009): 73. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/rfla.142.0073.
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Chen (陈宇晶), Jeannie. "“Strangers from a Different Shore”." Journal of Chinese Overseas 15, no. 1 (April 10, 2019): 106–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/17932548-12341394.
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Abstract This exploratory research examines archival representations of Chinese in America in collections dating from before and during the Chinese Exclusion Era (1860–1943), both in mainstream institutional archives/special collections repositories and in smaller community-based archives. Using critical race theory as a methodological framework and an interpretivist case study approach, this research shows a continued lack for transparency surrounding archival description and archival representations within such collections and an uneven distribution of resources across institutions that collect and preserve materials on early Chinese in America. The report identifies the difficulties of balancing evolving terminologies and changing archival descriptive standards/technology and the need for collaboration among bibliographers, catalogers, archivists, historians and activists in creating archival descriptions in collections about the Chinese in America.
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Curcin, V., A. Barton, M. M. McGilchrist, H. Bastiaens, A. Andreasson, J. Rossiter, L. Zhao, et al. "Clinical Data Integration Model." Methods of Information in Medicine 54, no. 01 (2015): 16–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.3414/me13-02-0024.
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SummaryIntroduction: This article is part of the Focus Theme of Methods of Information in Medicine on “Managing Interoperability and Complexity in Health Systems”.Background: Primary care data is the single richest source of routine health care data. However its use, both in research and clinical work, often requires data from multiple clinical sites, clinical trials databases and registries. Data integration and interoperability are therefore of utmost importance.Objectives: TRANSFoRm’s general approach relies on a unified interoperability framework, described in a previous paper. We developed a core ontology for an interoperability framework based on data mediation. This article presents how such an ontology, the Clinical Data Integration Model (CDIM), can be designed to support, in conjunction with appropriate terminologies, biomedical data federation within TRANSFoRm, an EU FP7 project that aims to develop the digital infrastructure for a learning healthcare system in European Primary Care.Methods: TRANSFoRm utilizes a unified structural / terminological interoperability frame work, based on the local-as-view mediation paradigm. Such an approach mandates the global information model to describe the domain of interest independently of the data sources to be explored. Following a requirement analysis process, no ontology focusing on primary care research was identified and, thus we designed a realist ontology based on Basic Formal Ontology to support our framework in collaboration with various terminologies used in primary care.Results: The resulting ontology has 549 classes and 82 object properties and is used to support data integration for TRANSFoRm’s use cases. Concepts identified by researchers were successfully expressed in queries using CDIM and pertinent terminologies. As an example, we illustrate how, in TRANSFoRm, the Query Formulation Workbench can capture eligibility criteria in a computable representation, which is based on CDIM.Conclusion: A unified mediation approach to semantic interoperability provides a flexible and extensible framework for all types of interaction between health record systems and research systems. CDIM, as core ontology of such an approach, enables simplicity and consistency of design across the heterogeneous software landscape and can support the specific needs of EHR-driven phenotyping research using primary care data.
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Samanta, Kalyan Sundar, and Durga Sankar Rath. "Social Tags Versus LCSH Descriptors a Comparative Metadata Analysis in the Field of Economics." DESIDOC Journal of Library & Information Technology 39, no. 4 (July 15, 2019): 145–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.14429/djlit.39.4.14291.
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The concept of ‘social tagging’ has gained popularity nowadays due to the emergence of web 2.0 technologies. Those technologies led to the practice of associating metadata with digital resources among users through collaboratively or socially for self-information retrieval. Many researchers have opined that social tags can enhance the use of library collections. The present study was predominantly carried out to compare social tags collected from the LibraryThing website with Library of Congress Subject Heading (LCSH) descriptors collected from the Library of Congress Online Catalogue applied for thousand book titles in the field of Economics. The study also aimed to know whether social tags can be applied in the library database or not. The findings elucidate that users mostly use descriptors (47.39 %) as tags than expert’s usage of tags (12.77 %) as descriptors. Spearman’s correlation suggests that 75 per cent chance where tags and descriptors can be used simultaneously in overlapping terms. The Jaccard similarity coefficient identifies that users and experts use different terminologies to annotate the books. Users and experts use at least one common keyword for major book titles (908). Users mostly sought title based keywords but experts use mostly subject-based terminologies. The study further clarifies that social tags may be incorporated into the library databases but cannot replace LCSHs. The accessibility and usage of documents especially in the field of economics may be enhanced once the notion of social tags is incorporated with the library OPAC.
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Oberstaller, Jenna, Swamy Rakesh Adapa, Guy W. Dayhoff II, Justin Gibbons, Thomas E. Keller, Chang Li, Jean Lim, et al. "Uncovering host-microbiome interactions in global systems with collaborative programming: a novel approach integrating social and data sciences." F1000Research 9 (December 17, 2020): 1478. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.26459.1.
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Microbiome data are undergoing exponential growth powered by rapid technological advancement. As the scope and depth of microbiome research increases, cross-disciplinary research is urgently needed for interpreting and harnessing the unprecedented data output. However, conventional research settings pose challenges to much-needed interdisciplinary research efforts due to barriers in scientific terminologies, methodology and research-culture. To breach these barriers, our University of South Florida OneHealth Codeathon was designed to be an interactive, hands-on event that solves real-world data problems. The format brought together students, postdocs, faculty, researchers, and clinicians in a uniquely cross-disciplinary, team-focused setting. Teams were formed to encourage equitable distribution of diverse domain-experts and proficient programmers, with beginners to experts on each team. To unify the intellectual framework, we set the focus on the topics of microbiome interactions at different scales from clinical to environmental sciences, leveraging local expertise in the fields of genetics, genomics, clinical data, and social and geospatial sciences. As a result, teams developed working methods and pipelines to face major challenges in current microbiome research, including data integration, experimental power calculations, geospatial mapping, and machine-learning classifiers. This broad, transdisciplinary and efficient workflow will be an example for future workshops to deliver useful data-science products.
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Zhao, Xinkan. "Reassessing the Methods of Foreignizing and Domesticating Translation." Journal of Language Teaching and Research 10, no. 5 (September 1, 2019): 972. http://dx.doi.org/10.17507/jltr.1005.08.
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This paper clarifies the frequently used concepts of foreignizing and domesticating translation to the extent that they can be meaningfully evaluated. As it turns out, foreignizing translation is best understood as including more than one method, with each having its own evaluative profile, and domesticating translation should be cleared of confusion with other methods that have historically brought it a bad name. Based on detailed evaluations, the paper briefly proposes collaboration as the proper way forward and also shows how the ambitious strategy of foreignizing, which might be named after the German Romantic scholar Friedrich Schleiermacher, is special and what reasons there are not to accept it. Before concluding, the paper addresses issues most relevant to translating philosophical texts, where terminologies have often already been foreignized through stipulation.
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Mustafa-Elhadi, Widad. "La contribution de la terminologie à la conception théorique des langages documentaires et à l’indexation de documents." Meta 37, no. 3 (September 30, 2002): 465–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/002699ar.
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Abstract This paper attempts to show the contribution of certain linguistic phenomena, and reciprocally, the contribution of linguistics to the analysis of semantic relationships used by the documentalists in conceiving thesauri. Abstract representation of extra-linguistic reality involves understanding of certain designation processes which are useful for linguistic research. Taking into account these elements would help achieving a better collaboration between linguists, documentalists and information systems designers.
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Jones, Richard G., Christopher K. Ober, Teruaki Hayakawa, Christine K. Luscombe, and Natalie Stingelin. "Terminology of polymers in advanced lithography (IUPAC Recommendations 2020)." Pure and Applied Chemistry 92, no. 11 (November 26, 2020): 1861–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/pac-2018-1215.
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AbstractAs increasingly smaller molecular materials and material structures are devised or developed for technological applications, the demands on the processes of lithography now routinely include feature sizes that are of the order of 10 nm. In reaching such a fine level of resolution, the methods of lithography have increased markedly in sophistication and brought into play 2terminology that is unfamiliar, on the one hand, to scientists tasked with the development of new lithographic materials or, on the other, to the engineers who design and operate the complex equipment that is required in modern-day processing. Publications produced by scientists need to be understood by engineers and vice versa, and these commonly arise from collaborative research that draws heavily on the terminology of two or more of the traditional disciplines. It is developments in polymer science and material science that lead progress in areas that cross traditional boundaries, such as microlithography. This document provides the exact definitions of a selection of unfamiliar terms that researchers and practitioners from different disciplines might encounter.
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Robke, Darlene D. "Foundational Resources and Terminology for Supervision and Mentorship." Perspectives of the ASHA Special Interest Groups 1, no. 11 (March 31, 2016): 57–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/persp1.sig11.57.
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Growth in the professions of speech pathology and audiology has led to an increased need for supervision as well as the degree of interest and the request for guidance regarding supervision. Speech-language pathologists (SLPs) and audiologists may be uncertain of the responsibilities of their roles as supervisors, lack necessary training, and develop unrealistic expectations of their supervisees. These new supervisors may have a limited understanding about the complexity of the supervisory process (ASHA, 2008b). This article provides a review of the literature on supervision and offers an initial reference guide for those who are new to supervising professionals and supports their understanding of supervision and mentorship. The review and compilation of information is meant to serve a useful quick start reference guide that may be utilized to help new supervisors navigate through the “collaborative process of supervision” (ASHA, 2008a, p.1). This compendium of information is meant to serve as a general content overview and is not intended to be all inclusive. Instead, it is intended to be a functional resource that provides a glossary of commonly utilized terms, offers some insight into the principals and concepts of the supervision and touches on current issues that may arise across settings.
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Postmus, Judy L., Gretchen L. Hoge, Jan Breckenridge, Nicola Sharp-Jeffs, and Donna Chung. "Economic Abuse as an Invisible Form of Domestic Violence: A Multicountry Review." Trauma, Violence, & Abuse 21, no. 2 (March 27, 2018): 261–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1524838018764160.
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The predominant perception of intimate partner violence (IPV) as constituting physical violence can still dominate, particularly in research and media reports, despite research documenting multiple forms of IPV including sexual violence occurring between intimate partners and various forms of psychological and emotional abuse. One frequently hidden or “invisible” form of abuse perpetrated within intimate partner relationships is economic abuse, also referred to as financial abuse in much of the literature. While the links between gendered economic insecurity and economic abuse are emerging, there remains a lack of consistency about definitions within the United States and globally, as there is no agreed upon index with which to measure economic abuse. As such, the purpose of this article is to review and analyze the global literature focused on either economic or financial abuse to determine how it is defined and what measures are used to capture its prevalence and impact. The 46 peer-reviewed articles that met all inclusion criteria for analysis came from a range of countries across six continents. Our review found that there is growing clarity and consistency of terminologies being used in these articles and found some consistency in the use of validated measures. Since this research is in its “infancy,” we need to have stronger collaborative efforts to use similar measures and terminology. Part of that collaborative effort is to consider how language and cultural differences may play a part in our understanding of economic abuse.
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Ozbolt, Judy. "The Nursing Terminology Summit Conferences: a case study of successful collaboration for change." Journal of Biomedical Informatics 36, no. 4-5 (August 2003): 362–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jbi.2003.09.023.
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Keitsch, Martina Maria, and Nyima Tsering Gurung. "Transdisciplinary Collaboration in Renewable Energy Projects - A Case Study from Mustang, Nepal." Journal of the Institute of Engineering 15, no. 3 (October 15, 2020): 171–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jie.v15i3.32176.
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In the recent years, transdisciplinary research and development have received increased attention, also in renewable energy planning and design. In contrast to theory-driven research, transdisciplinary approaches relate to the real-life phenomena and societally relevant problems. Transdisciplinary collaboration (TDC) emphasizes the mutual learning process between researchers and actors from outside academia, and the common creation of knowledge that is solution-oriented, socially robust and transferable to both scientific and societal practice. The following article discusses a transdisciplinary collaboration project on planning and designing a Solar Street Light solution in the village of Jhong, Mustang. The project is part of the MSESSD program at IOE, which has the goal to plan and implement renewable energy solution in rural areas in Nepal. The goal of the solar street light project was to contribute to Jhong’s approach of becoming a sustainable settlement. The article analyses three TDC phases of the project: 1. Gather information, discuss the problem with stakeholders and translate material, functional, operational requirements into scientific researchable questions. 2. Documenting strategies to develop a mutual learning process and 3. Assessing results for both for the stakeholders and for academic practice. Findings of the project indicate that transdisciplinary collaboration in renewable energy projects can help to operationalize learning between different actors and realize applicable results on contextualized levels. However, planned outcomes may vary and from a scientific perspective, methodologies for TC are not clearly defined or systematized yet, terminologies are vague, and de facto power relations in the field can obstruct the collaboration process. The last part of the article will point out some of the future challenges and possibilities for transdisciplinary research and development.
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Haber, Margaret W., Bron W. Kisler, Mary Lenzen, and Lawrence W. Wright. "Controlled Terminology for Clinical Research: A Collaboration between CDISC and NCI Enterprise Vocabulary Services." Drug Information Journal 41, no. 3 (May 2007): 405–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/009286150704100314.
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Demartines, Mutter, Eisner, Vix, Vogelbach, Marescaux, and Harder. "Telematic and Surgery: Method, Terminology and Instructions." Swiss Surgery 5, no. 2 (April 1, 1999): 73–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1024/1023-9332.5.2.73.
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Introduction: La télématique est la science combinant les avantages de l'informatique aux moyens modernes de télécommunications. Le concept de télémédecine permet de simplifier et d'amplifier une collaboration chirurgicale internationale grandissante. But du travail: Passer en revue les possibilités et applications de la télématique en chirurgie, présenter l'infrastructure et le matériel nécessaires aux téléconférences et fournir un mode d'emploi pratique. Méthode: Analyse de la mise en place d'un projet international de téléconférences chirurgicales entre 6 hôpitaux universitaires européens. La situation de la télémédecine en Suisse et dans le monde est revue. Résultats: Nos tests comparatifs nous ont fait choisir les téléconférences par lignes ISDN à 6 cannaux (384Kb/s) au standard universel H.320 qui a l'avantage d'être disponible presque partout en Suisse et dans le monde. Nous présentons aussi les différentes options techniques, les offres du marché et la relation entre les besoins et les buts de la télémédecine sur un plan pratique. Discussion: Plus de 70 téléconférences nous ont permis d'acquérir une expérience concrète de cette technologie et de la maîtriser pour profiter des avantages de la télémédecine pour l'enseigenement, le perfectionnement et la clinique quotidienne. Il est important d'analyser ses besoins et de définir un protocole précis de la téléconférence. Conclusion: Consultations et diagnostics à distance, assistance, enseignement et perfectionnement devraient être de nouvelles applications cliniques de la télématique et vont contribuer à harmoniser la qualité chirurgicale en Europe et dans le monde.
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Rassinoux, A. M. "Knowledge Representation and Management: Towards Patient Health Self-management." Yearbook of Medical Informatics 21, no. 01 (August 2012): 126–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1639442.
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SummaryTo summarize excellent current research in the field of knowledge representation and management (KRM).A synopsis of the articles selected for the IMIA Yearbook 2012 is provided and an attempt to highlight the current trends in the field of health management is sketched.Among the five selected papers, two confirm the benefit of exploiting open-source language toolkits for the automatic extraction of medical concepts, assertions and/or relationships from clinical texts. One paper aims at exploiting domain-specific terminologies to improve the parsing of biomedical noun phrases, and another one aims at discovering rare diseases associations embedded into disparate textual sources. Finally, the last paper describes a collaborative search approach integrated into a homegrown EHR search engine.This selected set of papers confirms that natural language processing, as well as knowledge extraction, discovering and retrieval, are still active and fruitful research fields. Although these papers are not directly focusing on personal health informatics applications„ important features are highlighted and tailored to fit the requirements of patient health self-management. Delivering timely, friendly and secure access to functional, accurate, up-to-date and sustainable personal health records is a significant challenging task for supporting self-managed healthcare.
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Navarrete‐Dechent, C., K. Liopyris, M. A. Molenda, R. Braun, C. Curiel‐Lewandrowski, S. W. Dusza, P. Guitera, et al. "Human surface anatomy terminology for dermatology: a Delphi consensus from the International Skin Imaging Collaboration." Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology 34, no. 11 (September 2, 2020): 2659–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jdv.16855.
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Saint, Elizabeth. "S’ouvrir aux suggestions des locuteurs pour aménager la terminologie au Québec : le cas du projet collaboratif « En bons termes »." Circula, no. 9 (2019): 29–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.17118/11143/16046.
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Andjelkovic, Jelena, and Jelena Filipović. "Management and Leadership in Serbian Terminology Work." Management:Journal of Sustainable Business and Management Solutions in Emerging Economies 23, no. 3 (October 27, 2018): 67. http://dx.doi.org/10.7595/management.fon.2018.0025.
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Research question: This paper studies the roles of Terminology Leadership (Filipovic 2012, 2015; Filipovic & Vuco, 2012; Filipovic & Djordan, 2018) and Terminology Management model (Jernudd & Neustupný, 1987, 1991; Jernudd 1993, 1997 in Antia, 2000, p.3; Spolsky, 2004, 2009, 2012) in the implementation of terminology policy and planning in Serbia, and the sustainable development of Serbian scientific and technical terminology. Motivation: As in almost all standard-language cultures (Quirk,1990), the Serbian language policy is top-down oriented, i.e., it follows the language management model. In this model, all decisions regarding the language, including terminology decisions, are made by linguists - language planners, without taking into account the opinions of professional and academic communities, i.e., the primary creators and users of terminology. Newer European terminology guidelines, especially the widely accepted UNESCO Guidelines for Terminological Policies (2005, p.3), however, propose that terminology work should be approached both top-down, i.e., on the level of political decision-making (following the terminology management model), and bottom-up, i.e., on the level of professional associations and other terminology stakeholders (following the complementary model of terminology leadership). Idea: The idea behind this paper is to investigate to what extent the terminology leadership model and the bottom-up orientation in the Serbian terminology policy and planning are recognized and accepted by various groups of stakeholders in comparison with the dominant language management model. Data: The data regarding the perspectives of two groups of terminology stakeholders (technical translators and professional / academic community) towards the state of the Serbian subject-field terminology and terminology management were collected, analyzed, interpreted and compared. Tools: The data were collected through two surveys on terminology work (Andjelkovic, 2018). While the first survey focuses on translators’ perspective on terminology management, the second survey examines the attitude of the academic community towards the terminology state of their own subject field: management. Findings: The surveys’ results confirm that both groups of terminology stakeholders recognise the importance of collaborative and cooperative work of linguists and subject field specialists in terminology policy making, planning and implementation, and thus do not regard linguists (i.e., language planners) as exclusive language and terminology decision-makers. The results also indicate, however, that there is still a very strong influence of standard-language ideology and the top-down oriented language policy. Contribution: The paper suggests a change in the implementation of the Serbian terminology policy and planning that is more in line with the European terminology Guidelines (UNESCO, 2005).
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Crabbs, Torrie A., and Kevin S. McDorman. "Brief Synopsis: Review of Renal Tubule and Interstitial Anatomy and Physiology and Renal INHAND, SEND, and DIKI Nomenclature." Toxicologic Pathology 46, no. 8 (September 6, 2018): 920–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0192623318798758.
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This article provides a synopsis of the first two presentations from the second scientific session of the 37th Annual Symposium of the Society of Toxicologic Pathology in Indianapolis, Indiana, on June 18, 2018; the session focused on acute kidney injury. The first presentation, given by Dr. Kevin McDorman, focused on “Fundamentals of Renal Tubule and Interstitial Anatomy and Physiology.” Several common background findings from toxicity studies were additionally discussed. Lastly, factors that impact the relevance and usefulness of historical control data, such as quality and consistency of histopathology, were discussed. The second presentation, given by Dr. Torrie Crabbs, provided a review of International Harmonization of Nomenclature and Diagnostic Criteria (INHAND), Standard for Exchange of Nonclinical Data (SEND), and drug-induced kidney injury (DIKI) nomenclature. INHAND is a global collaborative project that provides internationally accepted standardized nomenclature and diagnostic criteria for proliferative and nonproliferative changes in laboratory animals in toxicity and carcinogenicity studies. SEND is currently a required standard for data submission to the Food and Drug Administration (FDA). Since the FDA has indicated its preference for INHAND nomenclature, SEND will predominately use INHAND terminology; thus, familiarity with INHAND terminology is critical for toxicologic pathologists. The diagnostic features of three common DIKI findings, in addition to several complicated INHAND terminologies, were reviewed.
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Madsen, Tracy E., Ghada Bourjeily, Memoona Hasnain, Marjorie Jenkins, Mary F. Morrison, Kathryn Sandberg, Iris L. Tong, Justina Trott, Janice L. Werbinski, and Alyson J. McGregor. "Article Commentary: Sex- and Gender-Based Medicine: The Need for Precise Terminology." Gender and the Genome 1, no. 3 (September 2017): 122–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1089/gg.2017.0005.
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As our knowledge of sex- and gender-based medicine (SGBM) continues to grow, attention to precision in the use of related terminology is critical. Unfortunately, the terms sex and gender are often used interchangeably and incorrectly, both within and outside of the typical binary construct. On behalf of the Sex and Gender Women's Health Collaborative (SGWHC), a national organization whose mission is the integration of SGBM into research, health professions education, and clinical practice, our objective was to develop recommendations for the accurate use of SGBM terminology in research and clinical practice across medical specialties and across health professions. In addition, we reviewed the origins and evolution of SGBM terminology and described terms used when referring to individuals outside the typical binary categorization of sex and gender. Standardization and precision in the use of sex and gender terminology will lead to a greater understanding and appropriate translation of sex and gender evidence to patient care along with an accurate assessment of the impact sex and gender have on patient outcomes. In addition, it is critical to acknowledge that SGBM terminology will continue to evolve and become more precise as our knowledge of sex and gender differences in health and disease progresses.
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Fuzzi, S., M. O. Andreae, B. J. Huebert, M. Kulmala, T. C. Bond, M. Boy, S. J. Doherty, et al. "Critical assessment of the current state of scientific knowledge, terminology, and research needs concerning the role of organic aerosols in the atmosphere, climate, and global change." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Discussions 5, no. 6 (November 16, 2005): 11729–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acpd-5-11729-2005.
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Abstract. In spite of impressive advances in recent years, our present understanding of organic aerosol (OA) composition, physical and chemical properties, sources and transformation characteristics is still rather limited, and their environmental effects remain highly uncertain. Therefore, the three atmosphere-related projects of the International Geosphere Biosphere Programme (IGBP) – IGAC (International Global Atmospheric Chemistry Project), iLEAPS (Integrated Land Ecosystem Atmosphere Process Study) and SOLAS (Surface Ocean-Lower Atmosphere Study) – organised a workshop with the specific goal of discussing and prioritizing issues related to organic aerosol and their effects on atmospheric processes and climate, providing a basis for future collaborative activities at the international level. Four main topical areas were addressed: (a) sources of OA; (b) formation and transformation of OA; (c) physical and chemical state of OA; (d) atmospheric modelling of OA. Key questions and research priorities regarding these four areas have been synthesized in this paper, and outstanding issues for future research are presented for each topical area. In addition, an effort is made to formulate a basic set of consistent and universally applicable terms and definitions for coherent description of atmospheric OA across different scientific scales and disciplines. In fact, the terminologies used in the past and present scientific literature are not always consistent, and this may lead to misunderstandings and confusion in the communication between specialists from different disciplines and potentially inhibit or retard scientific progress.
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Nurwidodo, Nurwidodo, Sumar Hendayana, Iin Hindun, and Eri Sarimanah. "Strategies for establishing networking with partner schools for implementing lesson study in Indonesia." Jurnal Pendidikan Biologi Indonesia 4, no. 1 (March 26, 2018): 11. http://dx.doi.org/10.22219/jpbi.v4i1.5489.
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Lesson Study for Learning Community (LSLC) contains two terminologies underpinning one another. There are many difficult challenges when the plan to create LSLC surfaces. Therefore, strong motivation and precise implementation strategies are of urgency. One of the ways is by developing networking of LSLC between universities and partner schools. The LSLC program will become powerful when it is done collaboratively in a form of strong partnership connected by networks. Writing this article aims to describe strategies for establishing networking with partner schools for implementing lesson study in Indonesia. This review article uses literature comparison study methods and use content analysis. In order for LSLC to manifest and become successful, resourcing and utilizing the partnership with schools are required. In a partnership with schools in order to implement LSLC, both parties must share the same need, which is facing the challenge with the willingness to cooperate for solving the problem. Cooperation with partner schools needs to be nurtured to become networking so that the benefits and the spirit of cooperation in solving problem double fold. Networking with partner schools can be implemented and can function well when the management of this networking conforms to shared needs, nurtures cooperation and mutual respect, gives and takes equally, and also promotes fair acceptance, support, independence, and discipline.
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MASUYA, HIROSHI, SUMI YOSHIKAWA, NAOHIKO HEIDA, TETSURO TOYODA, SHIGEHARU WAKANA, and TOSHIHIKO SHIROISHI. "PHENOSITE: A WEB DATABASE INTEGRATING THE MOUSE PHENOTYPING PLATFORM AND THE EXPERIMENTAL PROCEDURES IN MICE." Journal of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology 05, no. 06 (December 2007): 1173–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219720007003168.
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Recently, a number of collaborative large-scale mouse mutagenesis programs have been launched. These programs aim for a better understanding of the roles of all individual coding genes and the biological systems in which these genes participate. In international efforts to share phenotypic data among facilities/institutes, it is desirable to integrate information obtained from different phenotypic platforms reliably. Since the definitions of specific phenotypes often depend on a tacit understanding of concepts that tends to vary among different facilities, it is necessary to define phenotypes based on the explicit evidence of assay results. We have developed a website termed PhenoSITE (Phenome Semantics Information with Terminology of Experiments: ), in which we are trying to integrate phenotype-related information using an experimental-evidence–based approach. The site's features include (1) a baseline database for our phenotyping platform; (2) an ontology associating international phenotypic definitions with experimental terminologies used in our phenotyping platform; (3) a database for standardized operation procedures of the phenotyping platform; and (4) a database for mouse mutants using data produced from the large-scale mutagenesis program at RIKEN GSC. We have developed two types of integrated viewers to enhance the accessibility to mutant resource information. One viewer depicts a matrix view of the ontology-based classification and chromosomal location of each gene; the other depicts ontology-mediated integration of experimental protocols, baseline data, and mutant information. These approaches rely entirely upon experiment-based evidence, ensuring the reliability of the integrated data from different phenotyping platforms.
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Lee, Kang Oh, Kei Nakaji, and Yoichi Nada. "Development of the Multilingual Collaboration System for Farmers of Several Counntries (1) : Application of Basic Terminology Translation Dictionary." Journal of the Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University 49, no. 2 (October 1, 2004): 433–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.5109/4604.
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Görög, Attila, Hennie Van der Vliet, and Willy Martin. "Is there anything more we can do? A collaboration plan for Terminology Service Centres (TSCs) in Europe and beyond." Magyar Terminológia 4, no. 2 (December 2011): 200–208. http://dx.doi.org/10.1556/materm.4.2011.2.7.
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Martins, Cristina, Simone L. Saeki, Marcelo Mazza do Nascimento, Fernando Lucas Júnior, Maria Vavruk, Christiane L. Meireles, Sandra Justino, et al. "Consenso sobre a terminologia padronizada do processo de cuidado em nutrição para pacientes adultos com doença renal crônica." out-dez 4, no. 35 (January 20, 2021): 311–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.37111/braspenj.ae202035401.
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This consensus represents the first collaboration between three professional organizations focused on nutrition: Brazilian Association of Nutrition (ASBRAN), Brazilian Society of Nephrology (SBN) and Brazilian Society of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition (Braspen/SBNPE), with the objective of identifying internationally standardized terminology and instruments for the nutrition care process. The focus is to facilitate the training of nutritionists who work with adult patients with chronic kidney diseases (CKD). Eleven issues related to nutrition screening, care and management of outcomes were raised. Recommendations were based on international guidelines and electronic databases such as PubMed, EMBASE™, CINHAL, Web of Science and Cochrane. From the sending of lists of internationally standardized terms, 20 nutrition specialists selected those they considered very clear and relevant for clinical practice with CKD outpatients. The content validity index (CVI) was calculated, with 80% agreement in the responses. The Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) was used to assign evidence strength to the recommendations. A total of 107 terms were selected for Nutrition Assessment and Reassessment, 28 for Nutrition Diagnosis, 9 for Nutrition Intervention, and 94 for Nutrition Monitoring and Evaluation in Nutrition. The list of selected terms and identification of instruments will assist in training planning and implementation of standardized nutrition terminology in Brazil for nutritionists working with CKD patients.
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Jakobi-Mirwald, Christine, and Marilena Maniaci. "“For there is nothing lost, that may be found, if sought”. Manuscript terminology across languages and scientific disciplines." De Medio Aevo 15, no. 1 (February 2, 2021): 95–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.5209/dmae.72790.
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The complex terminology used in the description of medieval books in manuscript catalogues and other scientific contributions offers a wide range of possible ambiguities and losses across languages and disciplines, losses that become evident most notably on their crossing paths in the Internet. . Sadly enough, true long-term collaboration across countries and disciplines is more the exception than the rule, which is also why the question of terminology and its translation is frequently neglected. The authors of the present contribution, an Italian codicologist and a German art historian – both of whom have provided lexicographical work tools which have seen several translations) – propose an overview of the work tools currently available (theoretical reflections, dictionaries, multilingual glossaries), followed by a small but significant selection of examples of gaps, ambiguities and other problems regarding the building of a shared multilingual language in manuscript studies.
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Holmgren, Stephanie D., Rebecca R. Boyles, Ryan D. Cronk, Christopher G. Duncan, Richard K. Kwok, Ruth M. Lunn, Kimberly C. Osborn, Anne E. Thessen, and Charles P. Schmitt. "Catalyzing Knowledge-Driven Discovery in Environmental Health Sciences through a Community-Driven Harmonized Language." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 17 (August 26, 2021): 8985. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18178985.
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Harmonized language is critical for helping researchers to find data, collecting scientific data to facilitate comparison, and performing pooled and meta-analyses. Using standard terms to link data to knowledge systems facilitates knowledge-driven analysis, allows for the use of biomedical knowledge bases for scientific interpretation and hypothesis generation, and increasingly supports artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning. Due to the breadth of environmental health sciences (EHS) research and the continuous evolution in scientific methods, the gaps in standard terminologies, vocabularies, ontologies, and related tools hamper the capabilities to address large-scale, complex EHS research questions that require the integration of disparate data and knowledge sources. The results of prior workshops to advance a harmonized environmental health language demonstrate that future efforts should be sustained and grounded in scientific need. We describe a community initiative whose mission was to advance integrative environmental health sciences research via the development and adoption of a harmonized language. The products, outcomes, and recommendations developed and endorsed by this community are expected to enhance data collection and management efforts for NIEHS and the EHS community, making data more findable and interoperable. This initiative will provide a community of practice space to exchange information and expertise, be a coordination hub for identifying and prioritizing activities, and a collaboration platform for the development and adoption of semantic solutions. We encourage anyone interested in advancing this mission to engage in this community.
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Burleson, Kathryn M., and Jeffrey T. Olimpo. "ClueConnect: a word array game to promote student comprehension of key terminology in an introductory anatomy and physiology course." Advances in Physiology Education 40, no. 2 (June 2016): 223–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/advan.00106.2015.
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The sheer amount of terminology and conceptual knowledge required for anatomy and physiology can be overwhelming for students. Educational games are one approach to reinforce such knowledge. In this activity, students worked collaboratively to review anatomy and physiology concepts by creating arrays of descriptive tiles to define a term. Once guessed, students located the structure or process within diagrams of the body. The game challenged students to think about course vocabulary in novel ways and to use their collective knowledge to get their classmates to guess the terms. Comparison of pretest/posttest/delayed posttest data revealed that students achieved statistically significant learning gains for each unit after playing the game, and a survey of student perceptions demonstrated that the game was helpful for learning vocabulary as well as fun to play. The game is easily adaptable for a variety of lower- and upper-division courses.
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Caliendo, Giuditta, and Catherine Ruchon. "La nomination des enfants décédés en bas-âge et de leurs parents. D’une analyse du discours située à une linguistique d’intervention." SHS Web of Conferences 78 (2020): 01019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/shsconf/20207801019.
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Cette contribution pose une réflexion sur la nomination des enfants décédés en bas âge et de leurs parents pour lesquels la langue française ne dispose d’aucun terme. Cette question ontologique soulève un problème politique et moral. La lacune lexicale exerce une forme d’oppression par la non reconnaissance de l’enfant décédé et par une perte de statut de parent pour le père et la mère. Un continuum se dessine depuis l’absence d’une désignation dans le lexique jusqu’à la présence de désignations stigmatisantes, dans le discours médico-juridique par exemple. Cet article souhaite ouvrir la voie à une politique de nomination qui associe de manière contributive les personnes concernées à la réflexion discursive et lexicologique. Notre approche s’inscrit dans un double ancrage théorique, celui de l’analyse du discours et celui de l’intersectionnalité. Nous étudierons dans un premier temps les métadiscours des personnes endeuillées en faisant l’inventaire des autodésignations utilisées par les concerné·e·s. Nous montrerons ensuite que certain·e·s d’entre elles·eux tentent de faire entendre leur voix par une action publique et des demandes de réflexion terminologique. Puis nous soulignerons l’activité métalinguistique des énonciatrices·teurs dans leur quête d’un désignant adapté à leur situation. L’une des caractéristiques spécifiques de ce travail est la collaboration entre chercheurs·ses et personnes concernées, source de points de vue situés. L’objectif final de cette recherche est la création ou la validation d’une désignation acceptée par les endeuillé·e·s.
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Gagalova, Kristina K., M. Angelica Leon Elizalde, Elodie Portales-Casamar, and Matthias Görges. "What You Need to Know Before Implementing a Clinical Research Data Warehouse: Comparative Review of Integrated Data Repositories in Health Care Institutions." JMIR Formative Research 4, no. 8 (August 27, 2020): e17687. http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/17687.
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Background Integrated data repositories (IDRs), also referred to as clinical data warehouses, are platforms used for the integration of several data sources through specialized analytical tools that facilitate data processing and analysis. IDRs offer several opportunities for clinical data reuse, and the number of institutions implementing an IDR has grown steadily in the past decade. Objective The architectural choices of major IDRs are highly diverse and determining their differences can be overwhelming. This review aims to explore the underlying models and common features of IDRs, provide a high-level overview for those entering the field, and propose a set of guiding principles for small- to medium-sized health institutions embarking on IDR implementation. Methods We reviewed manuscripts published in peer-reviewed scientific literature between 2008 and 2020, and selected those that specifically describe IDR architectures. Of 255 shortlisted articles, we found 34 articles describing 29 different architectures. The different IDRs were analyzed for common features and classified according to their data processing and integration solution choices. Results Despite common trends in the selection of standard terminologies and data models, the IDRs examined showed heterogeneity in the underlying architecture design. We identified 4 common architecture models that use different approaches for data processing and integration. These different approaches were driven by a variety of features such as data sources, whether the IDR was for a single institution or a collaborative project, the intended primary data user, and purpose (research-only or including clinical or operational decision making). Conclusions IDR implementations are diverse and complex undertakings, which benefit from being preceded by an evaluation of requirements and definition of scope in the early planning stage. Factors such as data source diversity and intended users of the IDR influence data flow and synchronization, both of which are crucial factors in IDR architecture planning.
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Ali, Sedig Ahmed Babikir, Mohammad Nazir Ahmad, Nor Hidayati Zakaria, Ahmed Mohammed Arbab, and Kamal Badr Abdalla Badr. "Assessing quality of academic programmes: comparing different sets of standards." Quality Assurance in Education 26, no. 3 (July 2, 2018): 318–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/qae-09-2016-0051.
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Purpose Standards should provide a means for transparently comparing academic programmes delivered by higher education providers and the research activities they carry out. The purpose of this study is to investigate the different sets of standards related to the quality assurance of academic programmes in four countries with regard to the European Standards and Guidelines (ESG), developed by the European Association for Quality Assurance, for internal quality assurance within higher education institutions. The main aim is to find the convergence and divergence points and to test the consistency of terminologies in use which may impede international collaboration to develop one comprehensive international quality assurance system. Design/methodology/approach The study relied solely on desk-based research and no fieldwork or interviews were conducted for data collection; a point-by-point comparative approach has been applied to explore the standards related to quality assurance of academic programmes. Findings Although there is a great deal of convergence between the different sets of standards compared in this study, fundamental differences still exist. Research limitations/implications This study compared the standards of academic programmes in four countries with the ESG. To generalise the findings of this study, future research may include other standards for comparison. Originality/value This study engages in the debate of how quality of higher education will remain maintained, in times, when higher education is facing challenges such as internationalisation, which requires new initiatives and integrated mechanisms to facilitate mutual recognition of qualifications of students and staff moving across borders.
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Yuan, Chi, Patrick B. Ryan, Casey Ta, Yixuan Guo, Ziran Li, Jill Hardin, Rupa Makadia, et al. "Criteria2Query: a natural language interface to clinical databases for cohort definition." Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association 26, no. 4 (February 7, 2019): 294–305. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jamia/ocy178.
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AbstractObjectiveCohort definition is a bottleneck for conducting clinical research and depends on subjective decisions by domain experts. Data-driven cohort definition is appealing but requires substantial knowledge of terminologies and clinical data models. Criteria2Query is a natural language interface that facilitates human-computer collaboration for cohort definition and execution using clinical databases.Materials and MethodsCriteria2Query uses a hybrid information extraction pipeline combining machine learning and rule-based methods to systematically parse eligibility criteria text, transforms it first into a structured criteria representation and next into sharable and executable clinical data queries represented as SQL queries conforming to the OMOP Common Data Model. Users can interactively review, refine, and execute queries in the ATLAS web application. To test effectiveness, we evaluated 125 criteria across different disease domains from ClinicalTrials.gov and 52 user-entered criteria. We evaluated F1 score and accuracy against 2 domain experts and calculated the average computation time for fully automated query formulation. We conducted an anonymous survey evaluating usability.ResultsCriteria2Query achieved 0.795 and 0.805 F1 score for entity recognition and relation extraction, respectively. Accuracies for negation detection, logic detection, entity normalization, and attribute normalization were 0.984, 0.864, 0.514 and 0.793, respectively. Fully automatic query formulation took 1.22 seconds/criterion. More than 80% (11+ of 13) of users would use Criteria2Query in their future cohort definition tasks.ConclusionsWe contribute a novel natural language interface to clinical databases. It is open source and supports fully automated and interactive modes for autonomous data-driven cohort definition by researchers with minimal human effort. We demonstrate its promising user friendliness and usability.
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Limpaporn, Sansana, Phumin Silapunt, and Prasit Wuthisuthimethawee. "The Evaluation of the World Health Organization’s Minimum Dataset in Disaster Health Management in the Association of Southeast Asian Nations." Prehospital and Disaster Medicine 34, s1 (May 2019): s25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1049023x19000694.
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Introduction:The Minimum Data Set (MDS) developed by the World Health Organization (WHO) has been widely used among medical practitioners in International Emergency Medical Team (I-EMT) as tools to collect health information and statistics in disaster health management. The I-EMT submits MDS to the Emergency Medical Team Coordination Cell (EMTCC) for the planning of responses. The Project for Strengthening the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) Regional Capacity on Disaster Health Management (ARCH Project) is the ASEAN’s project that has applied MDS to its activities with the main purpose of strengthening informational management during a disaster.Aim:The study aims to evaluate the performance of MDS after being utilized in the Regional Collaboration Drill (RCD) organized by the ARCH Project in July 2017.Methods:The performance of MDS has been evaluated by ten International Emergency Medical Team (I-EMT) of ASEAN Member States who participated in the RCD.Results:The assessment forms were returned by ten I-EMTs, and all respondents addressed several points for the revision of MDS (10/10), including the format and the content of the MDS. Concerning the format, respondents stated that the fonts are too small (3/10), and spaces for recording additional information are needed (3/10). On the other hand, the majority of respondents suggested that some of the contents within the MDS are still unclear or some terminologies are needed to be further clarified (6/10), especially with the referral form (5/10).Discussion:The current version of the MDS utilized for the EMT coordination should be edited and revised for its optimal usage. Applying MDS to disaster simulation is an efficient approach to test its application.