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Journal articles on the topic 'Termites. Insects'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 1 February 2022

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1

Akullo, J., B. B. Obaa, J. Okwee Acai, D. Nakimbugwe, and J. G. Agea. "Knowledge, attitudes and practices on edible insects in Lango sub-region, northern Uganda." Journal of Insects as Food and Feed 3, no. 2 (2017): 73–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.3920/jiff2016.0033.

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The study was done to determine the knowledge, attitude and practices towards edible insects, their consumption and practices of harvesting and processing in Lango sub-region, with the aim of increasing their consumption and improving nutrition of the people. Data was collected using semi structured questionnaires and focus group discussions. Common insect orders used as food in the area included: Isoptera (termites), Orthoptera (grasshoppers, crickets), and Hymenoptera (honey bee broods). Winged termites (Macrotermes spp.), locally known as Ngwen was consumed by more than 97% of the responden

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2

Taggar, Monica Sachdeva. "Insect cellulolytic enzymes: Novel sources for degradation of lignocellulosic biomass." Journal of Applied and Natural Science 7, no. 2 (2015): 625–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.31018/jans.v7i2.656.

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Alternative and renewable fuels derived from lignocellulosic biomass offer the potential to reduce our dependence on fossil fuels and mitigate global climate change. Cellulose is one of the major structural components in all lignocellulosic wastes and enzymatic depolymerization of cellulose by cellulases is an essential step in bio-ethanol production. Wood-degrading insects are potential source of biochemical catalysts for converting wood lignocellulose into biofuels. Cellulose digestion has been demonstrated in more than 20 insect families representing ten distinct insect orders. Termite guts

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3

Tamesse, J. L., S. Kekeunou, C. L. Djuideu Tchouamou, and M. J. Meupia. "Villagers’ knowledge of some edible insects in southern Cameroon: crickets, termites, honeybees and cockchafers." Journal of Insects as Food and Feed 4, no. 4 (2018): 203–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.3920/jiff2017.0077.

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With the global meat crisis and the high growth in the human population, alternative sources of protein need to be found in order to ensure food security. Insects are widely recognised as an important source of protein and food for several countries worldwide. We carried out a study of the importance of crickets, termites, honeybees and cockchafers in five divisions of Cameroon: Koung-khi, High Plateaus, Menoua (West Region), Mvila, Dja and Lobo (South Region). A semi-structured survey involving 409 villagers was conducted from December 2014 to February 2015. The results showed that most villa

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4

Li, Hongjie, Soleil E. Young, Michael Poulsen, and Cameron R. Currie. "Symbiont-Mediated Digestion of Plant Biomass in Fungus-Farming Insects." Annual Review of Entomology 66, no. 1 (2021): 297–316. http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev-ento-040920-061140.

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Feeding on living or dead plant material is widespread in insects. Seminal work on termites and aphids has provided profound insights into the critical nutritional role that microbes play in plant-feeding insects. Some ants, beetles, and termites, among others, have evolved the ability to use microbes to gain indirect access to plant substrate through the farming of a fungus on which they feed. Recent genomic studies, including studies of insect hosts and fungal and bacterial symbionts, as well as metagenomics and proteomics, have provided important insights into plant biomass digestion across

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5

CONSTANTINO, REGINALDO. "Termite taxonomy from 2001–2021: the contribution of Zootaxa." Zootaxa 4979, no. 1 (2021): 222–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4979.1.22.

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Termites comprise a relatively small group of insects, with 3176 known species (2976 living and 200 fossil) (Constantino 2020). They include, however, very important urban and agricultural pests, and also major decomposers of plant matter in terrestrial ecosystems, especially in the tropics. For instance, the annual economic impact of a single invasive termite species, Coptotermes formosanus, was estimated as US$11 billion in the United States in 1999 (Su 2002), placing it among the most important insect pests in the world.

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Alajmi, Reem, Rewaida Abdel-Gaber, and Noura AlOtaibi. "Characterization of the 12S rRNA Gene Sequences of the Harvester Termite Anacanthotermes ochraceus (Blattodea: Hodotermitidae) and Its Role as A Bioindicator of Heavy Metal Accumulation Risks in Saudi Arabia." Insects 10, no. 2 (2019): 51. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/insects10020051.

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Termites are social insects of economic importance that have a worldwide distribution. Identifying termite species has traditionally relied on morphometric characters. Recently, several mitochondrial genes have been used as genetic markers to determine the correlation between different species. Heavy metal accumulation causes serious health problems in humans and animals. Being involved in the food chain, insects are used as bioindicators of heavy metals. In the present study, 100 termite individuals of Anacanthotermes ochraceus were collected from two Saudi Arabian localities with different g

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Funaro, Colin F., Katalin Böröczky, Edward L. Vargo, and Coby Schal. "Identification of a queen and king recognition pheromone in the subterranean termite Reticulitermes flavipes." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 115, no. 15 (2018): 3888–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1721419115.

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Chemical communication is fundamental to success in social insect colonies. Species-, colony-, and caste-specific blends of cuticular hydrocarbons (CHCs) and other chemicals have been well documented as pheromones, mediating important behavioral and physiological aspects of social insects. More specifically, royal pheromones used by queens (and kings in termites) enable workers to recognize and care for these vital individuals and maintain the reproductive division of labor. In termites, however, no royal-recognition pheromones have been identified to date. In the current study, solvent extrac

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Queiroz, R. A., E. P. Soriano, M. V. D. Carvalho, et al. "First forensic records of termite activity on non-fossilized human bones in Brazil." Brazilian Journal of Biology 77, no. 1 (2017): 127–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1519-6984.11415.

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Abstract The aim of this study was to describe the first records of termite activity on non-fossilized human bones in Brazil. The cases reported in this study resulted from forensic analysis of six human skeletons found in northeastern Brazil between 2012 and 2014. Traces of tunnels and nests commonly produced by termites were found on several human bone surfaces as well as the specimens and characteristic signs of osteophagic activity. In four cases, the species were identified: Amitermes amifer Silvestri, 1901, Nasutitermes corniger (Motschulsky, 1855) (on two skeletons), and Microcerotermes

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Wells, J. D., J. R. Fuxa, and G. Henderson. "Virulence of Four Fungal Pathogens to Coptotermes formosartus (Isoptera: Rhinotermitidae)1." Journal of Entomological Science 30, no. 2 (1995): 208–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.18474/0749-8004-30.2.208.

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Four species and 10 isolates of entomogenous fungi were tested for virulence against the Formosan subterranean termite, Coptotermes formosanus Shiraki. Five isolates of Beauveria bassiana (Balsamo) Vuillemin and three of Metarhizium anisopliae (Metschnikoff) Sorokin were virulent to C. formosanus. The isolates of these two fungal species were chosen because they originated from different phylogenetic groups of host insects. The B. bassiana isolates originated from hosts in the Orthoptera, Lepidoptera, Homoptera, Dermaptera, and Isoptera; the M. anisopliae isolates came from hosts in the Coleop

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10

Nufus, Wafiyyatun, Hery Pratiknyo, and Sukarsa Sukarsa. "The Diversity and Abundance of Termites (Order: Isoptera) at Altitude 200 M ASL Karst Area Southern Gombong, Kebumen Regency." BioEksakta : Jurnal Ilmiah Biologi Unsoed 2, no. 1 (2020): 152. http://dx.doi.org/10.20884/1.bioe.2020.2.1.1816.

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Termites are social insects that have a very wide distribution. The termites in the forest ecosystem have many species and feeding habits, it can be said that diversity and abundance determine the role in the termite ecosystem. The termite are very important as a mediator for decomposition of the ecosystem of karst area. Therefeore, the aim of this study was to determine the diversity and abundance of termites in kasrt area at an altitude of 200 m asl Southern Gombong, Kebumen Regency. The study was conducted in a survey method and arranged as follows, in which 20 sub transect size of 5 m x 2

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Muryeti, Muryeti, Faraqh Eka Pratiwi, Risqi Tri Yuniastuti, and Estuti Budi Mulyani. "TERMITICIDAL ACTIVITY OF CHITOSAN ON PAPER." Progress on Chemistry and Application of Chitin and its Derivatives XXV (September 30, 2020): 164–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.15259/pcacd.25.013.

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Termites are insects that can damage buildings, paper and plants. Termites are controlled by using termiticides (chemicals). Besides polluting the environment, termiticides may have harmful effects to organisms, including humans, and destroy metal. The use of chemicals will be environmentally and economically profitless. A joint effort to utilize biodegradable material will help to reduce the negative impacts of termiticides. One of the materials that can use to control termites is chitosan. The purpose of this study was to determine the termiticidal activity of chitosan on paper against termi

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12

Dolanchapa Sikdar and Rosalin Nath, Avisikta Ghosh Dastidar, Swagatalakshmi Chakraborty. "Entomophagy: A Future Feed Security System." International Journal for Modern Trends in Science and Technology 6, no. 12 (2020): 301–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.46501/ijmtst061256.

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From the point of view of the current environmental situation which leads to non-availability of agricultural land, water resource, emission of greenhouse gases ultimately causing global warming, Entomophagy i.e. practice of eating edible insects comes as a rescue to the future feed security system. Edible insects, considered as an inexhaustible natural resource have larger food value with high content of fat, protein, crude fiber, vitamins and minerals making it nutritionally comparable with other protein sources. Some edible insects also have increased levels of omega-6 & 3 fatty acids.

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Mubin, Nadzirum, Idham Sakti Harahap, and Giyanto .,. "DIVERSITY OF SUBTERRANEAN TERMITES (BLATTODEA: TERMITOIDEA) ON VARIOUS TYPES HABITAT AROUND IPB UNIVERSITY CAMPUS, BOGOR, INDONESIA." JURNAL HAMA DAN PENYAKIT TUMBUHAN TROPIKA 19, no. 2 (2020): 158. http://dx.doi.org/10.23960/j.hptt.219158-169.

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Termites are social insects that play an important role in ecosystem. Habitat is a crucial factors determining diversity of termites. IPB University campus has quite diverse habitat types. In this research, we study the diversity and abundance of termite species around IPB University campus. Two methods used for data collection, i.e. baiting system with pine wood and transect survey within 10 x 10 m area. Six species of termites found belongs to two families, Termitidae (Macrotermes gilvus, Odontotermes javanicus, Microtermes insperatus, and Capritermes mohri) and Rhinotermitidae (Schedorhinot

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14

Zhao, Ruihua, Richou Han, Xuehong Qiu, Xun Yan, Li Cao, and Xiuling Liu. "Cloning and Heterologous Expression of Insecticidal-Protein-Encoding Genes from Photorhabdus luminescens TT01 in Enterobacter cloacae for Termite Control." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 74, no. 23 (2008): 7219–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.00977-08.

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ABSTRACT Enterobacter cloacae, one of the indigenous gut bacteria of the Formosan subterranean termite (Coptotermes formosanus), was genetically modified with a transposon Tn5 vector containing genes (tcdA1 and tcdB1) encoding orally insecticidal proteins from the entomopathogenic bacterium Photorhabdus luminescens subsp. laumondii TT01, a symbiont of the entomopathogenic nematode Heterorhabditis bacteriophora, for termite control. In the laboratory, termites were fed filter paper inoculated with the recombinant bacteria. The chromosomal expression of the introduced genes showed that there wer

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15

Nunes, Lívia Fonseca, José Augusto Roxinol, Paulo Fellipe Cristado, Renan Marinho, and Og DeSouza. "The use of tympanic arena as an alternative for behavioral vibroacoustic essays in termites (Blattodea: Isoptera)." Sociobiology 65, no. 1 (2018): 101. http://dx.doi.org/10.13102/sociobiology.v65i1.2090.

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In termites, substrate-borne vibrations play an important role in communication among nestmates. The adaptive significance of such an ability has led to an ever-increasing number of studies aimed at improving knowledge on vibroacoustic communication in these insects. Such studies are commonly carried out in laboratory arenas consisting of Petri dishes made of plastic or glass. However, the rigidness of such materials may limit the transmission of vibrational waves impairing accurate records of the feeble vibrations produced by termites. This is one of the reasons why such experiments must be c

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da Costa, Rafael, Haofu Hu, Hongjie Li, and Michael Poulsen. "Symbiotic Plant Biomass Decomposition in Fungus-Growing Termites." Insects 10, no. 4 (2019): 87. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/insects10040087.

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Termites are among the most successful animal groups, accomplishing nutrient acquisition through long-term associations and enzyme provisioning from microbial symbionts. Fungus farming has evolved only once in a single termite sub-family: Macrotermitinae. This sub-family has become a dominant decomposer in the Old World; through enzymatic contributions from insects, fungi, and bacteria, managed in an intricate decomposition pathway, the termites obtain near-complete utilisation of essentially any plant substrate. Here we review recent insights into our understanding of the process of plant bio

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17

Abdullahi, Jibril, and Jamila Bafa Saleh. "Rapid Biodiversity Evaluation of the Arboreal Termites in Kano University of Science and Technology, Wudil, Nigeria." BioScientific Review 2, no. 2 (2020): 33–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.32350/bsr/2020/22/483.

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A rapid biodiversity evaluation of arboreal termite was carried out on the campus of Kano University of Science and Technology, Wudil. Three different trees which include Mangifera indica, Azadirachta indica and Khaya senegalensis were selected from three different sites (campus new site, premises of administrative offices and commercial area) on the campus and examined for termite activity, either arboreal nests or mud tubes which indicated infestation by the termites. Using a soft brush termite samples were collected into a labeled sampling bottle containing 10% formalin solution by cutting

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Abdullahi, Jibril, and Jamila Bafa Saleh. "Rapid Biodiversity Evaluation of the Arboreal Termites in Kano University of Science and Technology, Wudil, Nigeria." BioScientific Review 2, no. 2 (2020): 33–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.32350/bsr.0202.04.

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A rapid biodiversity evaluation of arboreal termite was carried out on the campus of Kano University of Science and Technology, Wudil. Three different trees which include Mangifera indica, Azadirachta indica and Khaya senegalensis were selected from three different sites (campus new site, premises of administrative offices and commercial area) on the campus and examined for termite activity, either arboreal nests or mud tubes which indicated infestation by the termites. Using a soft brush termite samples were collected into a labeled sampling bottle containing 10% formalin solution by cutting

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Paul, SK, M. Ahmed, MSA Mamun, and MJ Alam. "Diversity of insect, mite and nematode species in tea ecosystem of Bangladesh." Journal of Biodiversity Conservation and Bioresource Management 3, no. 1 (2018): 31–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jbcbm.v3i1.36758.

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The study was undertaken on insect, mite and nematode species diversity in Bangladesh Tea Research Institute (BTRI) main farm, Baraoora and Phulcherra tea estates in Sreemangal, Bangladesh from the period of 2014 to 2015. The study was done through direct field observations, sweeping net, food trap, sticky trap, light trap and Baermann Funnel method. A total of 71 insect, mite and nematode species was recorded belonging to 45 families under 14 orders. Among these, 25.35% species were foliar insects and mites, 26.76% soil insects and nematodes, 21.13% beneficial insects and 26.76% butterflies.

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Olarewaju, T. O., L. A. Orumwense, O. S. Oke, A. B. Idowu, and T. E. Adeboye. "Assessment of knowledge on functional values of edible insects in Peri urban communities of Ijebu Ode Local Government area, Ogun State Nigeria." Agro-Science 19, no. 4 (2020): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/as.v19i4.1.

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This study examined the knowledge on functional value of edible insect in per urban communities of Ijebu Ode Local Government Area (LGA) in Ogun State. Sixty residents were selected through purposive sampling from 11 communities in the LGA. Primary data collected through administered questionnaire. Both descriptive and inferential statistics were used for data analysis. Descriptive statistics such as simple percentage and frequency count were used. Hypothesis was tested using Pearson Product Moment Correlation (PPMC). The results revealed that about half (48.3%) of the respondents were between

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Hidayat, Cecep. "The Utilization of Insects as Feedstuff in Broiler Diet." Indonesian Bulletin of Animal and Veterinary Sciences 28, no. 4 (2019): 161. http://dx.doi.org/10.14334/wartazoa.v28i4.1875.

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<p>Insect meal is an unconventional feedstuff and is expected to be an alternative protein source in broiler diet in the future, as an impact of high price and a limited supply of a fish meal. The objective of this paper is to describe the potency of insects as a feedstuff in broiler diet. Some types of insects, i.e., bees, flies, crickets, grasshoppers, termites, ants, and cockroaches have the potential to be a feedstuff protein source. Several studies reported that insect has high protein content (10.3-76.2%). The use of insects as feedstuffs in broiler diet is constrained by several l

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Rolli, Erminio. "An interesting case of polystyrene consumption by Reticulitermes lucifugus (Blattodea: Neoisoptera, Rhinotermitidae)." Fragmenta Entomologica 52, no. 2 (2020): 349–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.4081/fe.2020.463.

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A colony of Reticulitermes lucifugus from Apulia (SE Italian Peninsula) was recently observed to have partially consumed some polystyrene panels applied on a wall, and used like seat for termite nest. Further observations could allow to better understand if this colony is just able to physically consume and chew this plastic material, releasing it chemically intact after the passage throughout the termites’ digestive system, or if their microbiome could allow the insects to at least partially metabolize and degrade the ingested polystyrene fragments, as recently observed in a few other insects

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KACHAPULULA, PAUL W., JULIET AKELLO, RANAJIT BANDYOPADHYAY, and PETER J. COTTY. "Aflatoxin Contamination of Dried Insects and Fish in Zambia." Journal of Food Protection 81, no. 9 (2018): 1508–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.4315/0362-028x.jfp-17-527.

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ABSTRACT Dried insects and fish are important sources of income and dietary protein in Zambia. Some aflatoxin-producing fungi are entomopathogenic and also colonize insects and fish after harvest and processing. Aflatoxins are carcinogenic, immune-suppressing mycotoxins that are frequent food contaminants worldwide. Several species within Aspergillus section Flavi have been implicated as causal agents of aflatoxin contamination of crops in Africa. However, aflatoxin producers associated with dried fish and edible insects in Zambia remain unknown, and aflatoxin concentrations in these foods hav

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Perdereau, Elfie, Guillaume Baudouin, Stéphanie Bankhead-Dronnet, et al. "Invasion Dynamics of A Termite, Reticulitermes flavipes, at Different Spatial Scales in France." Insects 10, no. 1 (2019): 30. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/insects10010030.

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Termites are social insects that can also be major pests. A well-known problem species is the subterranean termite, Reticulitermes flavipes. It is invasive in France and is thought to have arrived from Louisiana during the 18th century. While the putative source of French populations has been identified, little is known about how the termite spread following its establishment. Here, we examined expansion patterns at different spatial scales in urban areas to clarify how R. flavipes spread in France. Based on our analyses of phylogeography and population genetics, results suggest a scenario of

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Tasaki, Eisuke, Mamoru Takata, and Kenji Matsuura. "Why and how do termite kings and queens live so long?" Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 376, no. 1823 (2021): 20190740. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2019.0740.

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Lifespan varies greatly across the tree of life. Of the various explanations for this phenomenon, those that involve trade-offs between reproduction and longevity have gained considerable support. There is an important exception: social insect reproductives (queens and in termites, also kings) exhibit both high reproductive outputs and extraordinarily long lives. As both the ultimate and proximate mechanisms underlying the absence of the fecundity/longevity trade-off could shed light on the unexpected dynamics and molecular mechanisms of extended longevity, reproductives of social insects have

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Chand, Ravneel R., Anjeela D. Jokhan, Harshna Charan, Kushaal Raj, and Priyatma Singh. "Threats posed by Asian subterranean termites in the Fiji Islands and their potential controls: a review." New Zealand Plant Protection 71 (July 28, 2018): 129–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.30843/nzpp.2018.71.111.

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Termites belong to the infraorder Isoptera, which contains almost 3,000 described species worldwide. These social insects cause substantial damage globally leading to billions of dollars of losses annually. Damage can occur to timber, wooden goods, paper, cotton, certain plastics, trees and many crops. Consequently, termite control and management is a major sector in the global pest-control industry. However, economic losses due to termite damage have not been quantified in the Fiji Islands to date. A review of published literature was conducted to assess the geographic range of Asian subterra

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Pal, Partha, and Spandita Roy. "Edible Insects: Future of Human Food - A Review." International Letters of Natural Sciences 26 (September 2014): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.18052/www.scipress.com/ilns.26.1.

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The practice of eating insects is known as entomophagy. Many animals, such as spiders, lizards and birds, are entomophagous, as are many insects. People throughout the world have been eating insects as a regular part of their diets for millennia. As people in rural areas suffer from under nutrition, especially protein-energy malnutrition (PEM) in Africa, Latin America and Asia, alternative nutritional food sources are needed. From ants to beetle larvae – eaten by tribes in Africa and Australia as part of their subsistence diets – to the popular, crispy-fried locusts and beetles enjoyed in Thai

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Khanal, Sandip, and Tej B. Thapa. "Feeding Ecology of Sloth Bears in Chitwan National Park, Nepal." Journal of Institute of Science and Technology 19, no. 2 (2015): 118–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jist.v19i2.13864.

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Food habits of a species influences habitat use, ranging pattern and behavior. Seasonal diet composition of Sloth bear (Melursus ursinus) in the Chitwan National Park, Nepal was determined from 143 scats. Through macroscopic and microscopic analysis of scats; six types of plants, termites, ants, honey bees, wax, as well as mammalian hairs were identified. Although variation was observed, there was no significant difference in the diet composition in two different seasons. Overall, insects dominated the composition, occurring in 100% of the scats followed by the plants (39.16%) and mammalian ha

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Ramashia, S. E., T. Tangulani, M. E. Mashau, and N. Nethathe. "Microbiological quality of different dried insects sold at Thohoyandou open market, South Africa." Food Research 4, no. 6 (2020): 2247–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.26656/fr.2017.4(6).233.

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Edible insects have long been consumed as part of the diet of many Asian, African and South American cultures. The study sought to determine the microbial quality of dried insects (mopane worms, termites and stink bugs) sold around Thohoyandou markets, South Africa. For the study, 45 samples of dried mopane worms, termites and stink bugs were purchased from street vendors. About fifteen samples for each dried set of insects were randomly purchased and subjected to microbial analyses such as coliforms, Escherichia coli, Salmonella spp., Staphylococcus aureus, total plate count, yeasts and mould

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Hlongwane, Zabentungwa T., Rob Slotow, and Thinandavha C. Munyai. "Indigenous Knowledge about Consumption of Edible Insects in South Africa." Insects 12, no. 1 (2020): 22. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/insects12010022.

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Consumption of edible insects is an indigenous practice that has played an essential role in human nutrition across Africa. The traditional use of insects forms an important part of food culture in Africa, and insects are consumed either as a delicacy, emergency, or staple source of food. However, indigenous knowledge about insect consumption is being lost because recent generations have adopted western methods and paid less attention to traditional practices. We conducted 500 questionnaires in five local municipalities in Kwazulu-Natal (KZN), and 122 questionnaires in four local municipalitie

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De Carvalho, Yuri Carvalho, Lara Oliveira Clemente, Marco Paulo Guimarães, and Og DeSouza. "Suitable Light Regimes for Filming Termites in Laboratory Bioassays." Sociobiology 65, no. 1 (2018): 108. http://dx.doi.org/10.13102/sociobiology.v65i1.2095.

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Laboratory bioassays require strategies to minimize stress and keep animals alive as long as the test demands. Sometimes, however, experimental procedures seem notoriously stressful as, for instance, when exposing termites to the illumination needed for video recordings. Being a condition opposed to what termites naturally experience, light might easily stress such insects or might not affect them at all, as they are blind. Here we check for the effects of distinct light regimes on the survival of termites confined in a typical bioassay setup involving footage. The survival of Cornitermes cumu

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Syazwan, Samsuddin Ahmad, Shiou Yih Lee, Ahmad Said Sajap, Wei Hong Lau, Dzolkhifli Omar, and Rozi Mohamed. "Interaction between Metarhizium anisopliae and Its Host, the Subterranean Termite Coptotermes curvignathus during the Infection Process." Biology 10, no. 4 (2021): 263. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biology10040263.

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Metarhizium anisopliae (Metchnikoff) Sorokin, a pathogenic fungus to insects, infects the subterranean termite, Coptotermes curvignathus Holmgren, a devastating pest of plantation trees in the tropics. Electron microscopy and proteomics were used to investigate the infection and developmental process of M. anisopliae in C. curvignathus. Fungal infection was initiated by germ tube penetration through the host’s cuticle as observed at 6 h post-inoculation (PI), after which it elongated into the host’s integumental tissue. The colonization process continued as seen from dissemination of blastospo

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Habibpour, Behzad, Amir Cheraghi, and Mohammad Saeed Mossadegh. "Evaluation of cellulose substrates treated with Metarhizium anisopliae (Metschnikoff) Sorokin as a biological control agent against the termite Microcerotermes diversus Silvestri (Isoptera: Termitidae)." Journal of Entomological and Acarological Research 43, no. 2 (2011): 269. http://dx.doi.org/10.4081/jear.2011.269.

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This article is the first report on the promising effect of an entomopathogenic fungus, <em>Metarhizium anisopliae</em> (Metschnikoff) Sorokin to control populations of <em>Microcerotermes diversus </em>Silvestri. Biological control is an alternative to the long-term usage of chemical pesticides.<em> M. anisopliae</em>, the causal agent of green muscardine disease of insects, is an important fungus in biological control of insect pests. Bait systems can eliminate entire colonies of subterranean termites. Baiting reduces adverse environmental impacts caused b

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Tamesse, J. L., S. Kekeunou, L. J. Tchatchouang, et al. "Insects as food, traditional medicine and cultural rites in the west and south regions of Cameroon." Journal of Insects as Food and Feed 2, no. 3 (2016): 153–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.3920/jiff2015.0088.

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In Cameroon, non-timber forest products of animal origin, poorly exploited by the population can be an importantsource of food. We carried out a study on the importance of edible insects in five divisions: Koung-khi, High-Plateaus, Menoua (West Region), Mvila, Dja and Lobo (South Region). We conducted individual semi-structured surveys on489 persons, from December 2014 to March 2015. Participants were aged between 8-91 years. Results showed that, nine groups of insects are eaten in the two regions: beetles (89.57%), termites (70.76%), grasshoppers and locusts (49.90%), crickets (44.17%), katyd

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Novoselov, M. A., I. I. Iline, and C. B. Phillips. "How fresh is that frass." New Zealand Plant Protection 66 (January 8, 2013): 376. http://dx.doi.org/10.30843/nzpp.2013.66.5679.

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Many insects inhabit concealed locations such as within timber but leave outward signs of their presence such as frass Deposits of fresh frass on the outside of infested material would indicate a high probability of live insects being present within A method for estimating the age of frass could therefore be useful for assessing treatment efficacy For example the success of termite eradication could be monitored by regularly checking for the presence of fresh frass near old colonies Similarly the presence of fresh frass in borer holes in fumigated timber would raise concerns that the fumigatio

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Sabree, Zakee L., Charlie Ye Huang, Gaku Arakawa, et al. "Genome Shrinkage and Loss of Nutrient-Providing Potential in the Obligate Symbiont of the Primitive Termite Mastotermes darwiniensis." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 78, no. 1 (2011): 204–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.06540-11.

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ABSTRACTBeneficial microbial associations with insects are common and are classified as either one or a few intracellular species that are vertically transmitted and reside intracellularly within specialized organs or as microbial assemblages in the gut. Cockroaches and termites maintain at least one if not both beneficial associations.Blattabacteriumis a flavobacterial endosymbiont of nearly all cockroaches and the termiteMastotermes darwiniensisand can use nitrogenous wastes in essential amino acid and vitamin biosynthesis. Key changes during the evolutionary divergence of termites from cock

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Vargo, Edward. "Diversity of Termite Breeding Systems." Insects 10, no. 2 (2019): 52. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/insects10020052.

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Termites are social insects that live in colonies headed by reproductive castes. The breeding system is defined by the number of reproductive individuals in a colony and the castes to which they belong. There is tremendous variation in the breeding system of termites both within and among species. The current state of our understanding of termite breeding systems is reviewed. Most termite colonies are founded by a primary (alate-derived) king and queen who mate and produce the other colony members. In some species, colonies continue throughout their life span as simple families headed by the o

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Ssepuuya, G., C. Sebatta, E. Sikahwa, et al. "Perception and awareness of insects as an alternative protein source among fish farmers and fish feed traders." Journal of Insects as Food and Feed 5, no. 2 (2019): 107–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.3920/jiff2017.0056.

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The perception of key players in the fish farming sector towards the use of insects is important for their acceptance to adopt insects as an alternative protein source to the expensive fish meal. Perception was established through a cross-sectional study of 208 fish farmers and 71 fish feed traders and/or processors conducted in Gulu, Tororo and Masaka districts in Uganda, using descriptive, Chi-square, correlation and factor statistical analysis of the data collected. Males dominated the fish farming and fish feed trading and/or processing enterprises. Youths were involved to almost the same

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Das, Khirod Sankar, and Sudipta Choudhury. "New records of nasutiform termite (Nasutitermitinae: Termitidae: Isoptera) from Meghalaya, India." Journal of Threatened Taxa 12, no. 9 (2020): 16190–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.11609/jott.5159.12.9.16190-16192.

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Termites, an important group of insects, present almost everywhere and play a vital role in the modification of their surrounding environment. This taxonomic account is a part of our study on the termite fauna of Meghalaya and deals with two new records of nasutiform termite from the state. The studied samples were identified as Hospitalitermes jepsoni Snyder, 1934 and Nasutitermes matangensis matangensis Haviland, 1898 based on the available morphological keys. The genus Hospitalitermes Holmgren, 1912 is also documented for the first time from the state. The range of the morphometrics for H.

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Ngo, Chung D., Phuong L. T. Le, Huy D. Nguyen, Phong B. Truong, Nghiep T. Hoang, and Binh Van Ngo. "Diet of the Bronze Skink Eutropis macularius (Reptilia: Squamata: Scincidae) from Thua Thien Hue Province, Central Vietnam." Russian Journal of Herpetology 27, no. 4 (2020): 209–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.30906/1026-2296-2020-27-4-209-216.

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In this study, we examined the diet of 149 males and 147 females of Eutropis macularius from Thua Thien Hue Province, central Vietnam using a nonlethal stomach-flushing technique. The prey items of E. macularius composed of Araneae, Insecta (Blattodea, Coleoptera, Hymenoptera, Isoptera, Odonata, and Orthoptera), Mollusca (Philomycidae), and plant materials. The most important prey items were insect larvae, hymenopterans (including ants), grasshoppers, and termites, for both sexes in three populations. Plant materials were also found in the stomach of E. macularius with an index of relative imp

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T. Gahukar, Ruparao. "Entomophagy in traditional healthcare practiced by indigenous communities: potential, implications and constraints." International Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences 7, no. 4 (2018): 55. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijbas.v7i4.11434.

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Several insect species including termites, honey bees, American cockroach, grasshoppers, stink bugs, aquatic bugs, silkworms and mopane caterpillars are popularly consumed by indigenous and tribal communities in South America, sub-Saharan Africa, South-east Asia and the Pacific. Different life stages of the insects were found effective in therapeutic treatment against health disorders and life-threatening diseases. In entomophagy (process of insect eating), allergy, content of anti-nutrients, contamination of micro-organisms, chemicals and biochemical compounds, and parasitic infection are maj

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Azhari, Shahrzad, Hamidreza Hajiqanbar, and Ali Asghar Talebi. "First record of the genus Punicodoxa (Acari: Microdispidae) from Asia, with description of a new species phoretic on termites (Insecta: Isoptera)." Systematic and Applied Acarology 23, no. 3 (2018): 468. http://dx.doi.org/10.11158/saa.23.3.6.

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A new species of the genus Punicodoxa Mahunka, 1978 (Acari: Prostigmata: Microdispidae) is described and illustrated from Southwestern Iran: Punicodoxa termitophila Azhari and Hajiqanbar sp. nov., discovered from a termite Anacanthotermes sp. (Isoptera: Hodotermitidae). This species is the second representative of the genus Punicodoxa which is the first record of the genus form Asia. Furthermore, phoretic association between mites of the family Microdispidae and termites of the family Hodotermitidae, and also phoresy on insects in the genus Punicodoxa are reported for the first time.

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Silva, Shirlene C. B., and José J. Corrêa-Neto. "Riqueza e composição de Térmitas (Blattodea, Isoptera) em manguezais do litoral amazônico." Entomological Communications 2 (December 22, 2020): ec02037. http://dx.doi.org/10.37486/2675-1305.ec02037.

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Among the varieties of insects present in mangroves, termites can easily colonize mangrove forests by their winged forms, and thus, build arboreal nests. In view of the presence of this order in mangroves, this work presents the results of a sampling of Termites (Blattaria, Isoptera) in mangrove forests on the Amazon coast, as well as highlighting ecological aspects of these insects. Two collections were carried out during an annual cycle (dry and rainy) at six sampling sites located in the mangroves of Soure on Marajó Island, Pará. In each sampling site, a 100 mx 3 m transection was delimited

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Inward, Daegan, George Beccaloni, and Paul Eggleton. "Death of an order: a comprehensive molecular phylogenetic study confirms that termites are eusocial cockroaches." Biology Letters 3, no. 3 (2007): 331–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsbl.2007.0102.

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Termites are instantly recognizable mound-builders and house-eaters: their complex social lifestyles have made them incredibly successful throughout the tropics. Although known as ‘white ants’, they are not ants and their relationships with other insects remain unclear. Our molecular phylogenetic analyses, the most comprehensive yet attempted, show that termites are social cockroaches, no longer meriting being classified as a separate order (Isoptera) from the cockroaches (Blattodea). Instead, we propose that they should be treated as a family (Termitidae) of cockroaches. It is surprising to f

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Temitope, Adeoye Olubusola, Oyelowo Oyetayo Job, Adebisi-Fagbohungbe Tola Abiodun, and Akinyemi Olukayode Dare. "Eco-Diversity of Edible Insects of Nigeria and Its Impact on Food Security." Journal of Biology and Life Science 5, no. 2 (2014): 175. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/jbls.v5i2.6109.

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Inspite of the strong aversion shown to Entomophagy (consumption of edible insects) due to civilization, insects have played an important part in the history of human nutrition in Africa, Australia, Asia and the Americas. Hundreds of species have been used as human food. Globally, about 14 insect orders contain one or more species of edible insects. Africa is one of the leading continents that consume insects as food. In Africa, insects form part of the traditional diets of millions of people and are also used as feed for their farm animals. Nowadays, Entomophagy is a major entomological resea

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Chouvenc, Thomas, Caroline A. Efstathion, Monica L. Elliott, and Nan-Yao Su. "Extended disease resistance emerging from the faecal nest of a subterranean termite." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 280, no. 1770 (2013): 20131885. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2013.1885.

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Social insects nesting in soil environments are in constant contact with entomopathogens but have evolved a range of defence mechanisms, resulting in both individual and social immunity that reduce the chance for epizootics in the colony, as in the case of subterranean termites. Coptotermes formosanus uses its faeces as building material for its nest structure that result into a ‘carton material’, and here, we report that the faecal nest supports the growth of Actinobacteria which provide another level of protection to the social group against entomopathogens. A Streptomyces species with in vi

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Sieber, Kayli R., Taylor Dorman, Nicholas Newell, and Hua Yan. "(Epi)Genetic Mechanisms Underlying the Evolutionary Success of Eusocial Insects." Insects 12, no. 6 (2021): 498. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/insects12060498.

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Eusocial insects, such as bees, ants, and wasps of the Hymenoptera and termites of the Blattodea, are able to generate remarkable diversity in morphology and behavior despite being genetically uniform within a colony. Most eusocial insect species display caste structures in which reproductive ability is possessed by a single or a few queens while all other colony members act as workers. However, in some species, caste structure is somewhat plastic, and individuals may switch from one caste or behavioral phenotype to another in response to certain environmental cues. As different castes normall

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Choo, Juanita. "Potential ecological implications of human entomophagy by subsistence groups of the Neotropics." Terrestrial Arthropod Reviews 1, no. 1 (2008): 81–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/187498308x345442.

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AbstractThe practice of human entomophagy is important to the livelihood of many subsistence cultures. Insect foods are a source of protein in traditional diets and are often considered delicacies. While considerable research has been conducted on the nutritional benefits of insects to human welfare, there has been little focus on understanding how harvests of insect foods can potentially impact local ecology. In this paper, I address the potential ecological consequences of insect harvesting activities with a focus on Neotropical subsistence communities. I confine my discussion to four insect

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Wu, Li-Wei, Thomas Bourguignon, Jan Šobotník, Ping Wen, Wei-Ren Liang, and Hou-Feng Li. "Phylogenetic position of the enigmatic termite family Stylotermitidae (Insecta : Blattodea)." Invertebrate Systematics 32, no. 5 (2018): 1111. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/is17093.

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Termites are eusocial insects currently classified into nine families, of which only Stylotermitidae has never been subjected to any molecular phylogenetic analysis. Stylotermitids present remarkable morphology and have the unique habit of feeding on living trees. We sequenced mitogenomes of five stylotermitid samples from China and Taiwan to reconstruct the phylogenetic position of Stylotermitidae. Our analyses placed Stylotermitidae as the sister group of all remaining Neoisoptera. The systematic position of Stylotermitidae calls for additional studies of their biology, including their devel

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Van Thuyne, John, Isacco Darini, Ali Mainga, and Eric P. Verrecchia. "Are fungus-growing termites super sediment-sorting insects of subtropical environments?" Journal of Arid Environments 193 (October 2021): 104566. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jaridenv.2021.104566.

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