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Journal articles on the topic 'Termitomyces'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 14 June 2025

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1

TANG, SONG-MING, MAO-QIANG HE, OLIVIER RASPÉ, et al. "Two new species of Termitomyces (Agaricales, Lyophyllaceae) from China and Thailand." Phytotaxa 439, no. 3 (2020): 231–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.439.3.5.

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Termitomyces floccosus and T. upsilocystidiatus nov., are introduced from China and Thailand based on morphological characteristics and molecular phylogenetic analyses. Termitomyces floccosus is characterized by a squamulose pileus and stipe, and utriform cheilocystidia. Termitomyces upsilocystidiatus is characterized by Y-shaped cheilocystidia. Phylogenetic analyses of combined mrSSU and nrLSU sequence data confirmed that the two taxa are distinct Termitomyces species. Comprehensive descriptions, colour photographs and a phylogenetic tree showing the position of the two new species are provided.

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2

Paloi, Soumitra, Jaturong Kumla, Barsha Pratiher Paloi, et al. "Termite Mushrooms (Termitomyces), a Potential Source of Nutrients and Bioactive Compounds Exhibiting Human Health Benefits: A Review." Journal of Fungi 9, no. 1 (2023): 112. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jof9010112.

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Termite mushrooms have been classified to the genus Termitomyces, family Lyophyllaceae, order Agaricales. These mushrooms form a mutualistic association with termites in the subfamily Macrotermitinae. In fact, all Termitomyces species are edible and have unique food value attributed to their texture, flavour, nutrient content, and beneficial mediational properties. Additionally, Termitomyces have been recognized for their ethno-medicinal importance in various indigenous communities throughout Asia and Africa. Recent studies on Termitomyces have indicated that their bioactive compounds have the potential to fight against certain human diseases such as cancer, hyperlipidaemia, gastroduodenal diseases, and Alzheimer’s. Furthermore, they possess various beneficial antioxidant and antimicrobial properties. Moreover, different enzymes produced from Termitomyces have the potential to be used in a range of industrial applications. Herein, we present a brief review of the current findings through an overview of recently published literature involving taxonomic updates, diversity, distribution, ethno-medicinal uses, nutritional value, medicinal importance, and industrial implementations of Termitomyces, as well as its socioeconomic importance.

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3

Xiong, Ya, Qiang Chen, Qian Ming Huang, and Min Jie Li. "Biological Aspects of Termitomyces albuminosus Strain PXT-1 Isolated from Panzhihua." Advanced Materials Research 183-185 (January 2011): 151–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.183-185.151.

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Termitomyces albuminosus is one of the famous wild edible fungi in south part of China. The fruit body is delicious, rich in nutrition, and so, it has high exploitable potential. However, due to the mycelia of Termitomyces albuminosus must grow at termitarium, it can not be cultivated artificially. In this paper, we mainly focus on isolation of Termitomyces albuminosus pure culture, and studying on its biological properties, and found out the optimal carbon source, nitrogen source, growth factors and the C/N ratio that was suitable for the growth of mycelium of Termitomyces albuminosus.

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4

DAS, LAKSHMI RUPA, PINAKI CHATTOPADHYAY, ARUN KUMAR DUTTA, DIGANTA NARZARY, and TIKAM S. RANA. "Termitomyces assamicus (Lyophyllaceae)—A new species of Termitomyces from India." Phytotaxa 599, no. 2 (2023): 126–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.599.2.4.

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Based on morphological and molecular phylogenetic analysis (ITS-rDNA sequence), a new species, Termitomyces assamicus, is described after the Indian state of Assam. Termitomyces assamicus is characterized by a medium-sized pileus, brownish orange to grey or greyish red with a conical, pointed perforatorium; white to pale grey lamellae with a serrated edge; an orange grey to greyish orange stipe measuring 50–100 mm long; absence of annulus; greyish brown to yellowish brown pseudorhiza measuring 70–100 mm long; ellipsoid basidiospores with a mean of 8.3 × 5.0 μm; clavate cheilocystidia measuring 21–36 × 8–16 µm; and broadly clavate to pyriform pleurocystidia (23–32 × 12–23 µm). The new species was compared with closely related taxa using morpho-molecular data. A detailed morphological description with field images, micromorphology illustration, and a phylogenetic tree to show the position of the new species are also provided.

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5

Pauline, N'Douba Amako, Koffi N’Dodo Boni Clovis, Banza Kouhonon Marie-Flavie, Douira Allal, and Ayolié Koutoua. "Some Wild Edible Termitomyces Found in the Region of Daloa (Centre-West, Côte d'Ivoire)." International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences 11, no. 7 (2022): 267–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.20546/ijcmas.2022.1107.032.

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This research focuses on the study of the diversity of termitomyces in the region of daloa. The aim is to inventory the species of wild termitomyces in order to identify and valorize them. Trips carried out in the daloa area have made it possible to list seven (7) wild termitomyces. The specimens collected are all edible and are used in the diet of the ivorian population. They are considered as substitute food for animal proteins. Among these species, six (6) have been described for the first time in côte d'ivoire based on their morphological and microscopic characters: T. striatus, T. umkowaani, T. robustus, T medius, T. aurantiacus, T. clypeatus. The species Termitomyces le-testui has already been cited and described.

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6

Ya, Xiong, and Min Jie Li. "Studies on the Biological Characteristics of Termitomyces Albuminosus Hypha." Advanced Materials Research 709 (June 2013): 810–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.709.810.

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Termitomyces albuminosus is a kind of local distinctive wild edible fungi in southwest of China. It is delicious, rich in nutrition and has high development and utilization value, but owing to the restrictions of growth environment, it can not be cultivated artificially. This article mainly studied on the biological characteristics of Termitomyces albuminosus Hypha, and found out the optimal carbon source, nitrogen source, growth factors and the C/N ratio that are suitable for the growth of Hypha of Termitomyces albuminosus .

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7

Aryal, Hari Prasad, and Usha Budathoki. "Systematics of Nepalese Termitomyces." Our Nature 13, no. 1 (2015): 31–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/on.v13i1.14207.

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The genus Termitomyces is obligate symbiont fungus with the termite, which grows on termatoria. This paper highlights new records of Termitomyces aurantiacus (R. Heim) R. Heim, T. badius Otieno, T. le-testui (Pat.) R. Heim, T. microcarpus f. santalensis Heim and T. schimperi (Pat.) R. Heim reported for the first time from Nepal. The collection area lies 26°44'08"-29°06'32"N latitude and 80°18'02"-88°08'27"E longitude within an altitudinal range of 60-3000 msl. The collection during 2010-2012 from reserve forest and the specimens have been deposited in the Natural History Museum (NHM), Tribhuvan University, Kathmandu, Nepal.Our Nature (2015), 13(1): 31-44

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8

Pegler, D. N., and M. Vanhaecke. "Termitomyces of Southeast Asia." Kew Bulletin 49, no. 4 (1994): 717. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/4118066.

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9

Singh., Romi. "ANTIFUNGAL ACTIVITY OF TERMITOMYCES." International Journal of Advanced Research 5, no. 7 (2017): 1503–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.21474/ijar01/4863.

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10

Tang, Song-Ming, Santhiti Vadthanarat, Jun He, et al. "Morphological and molecular analyses reveal two new species of Termitomyces (Agaricales, Lyophyllaceae) and morphological variability of T. intermedius." MycoKeys 95 (February 8, 2023): 61–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/mycokeys.95.97156.

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Two new species, Termitomyces tigrinus and T. yunnanensis are described based on specimens collected from southwestern China. Termitomyces yunnanensis is morphologically characterized by a conspicuously venose pileus surface that is grey, olive grey, light grey to greenish grey at center, light grey towards margin, and a cylindrical white stipe. Termitomyces tigrinus is morphologically characterized by a densely tomentose to tomentose-squamulose pileus showing alternating greyish white and dark grey zones, and a stipe that is bulbous at the base. The two new species are supported by phylogenetic analyses of combined nuclear rDNA internal transcribed spacer ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 rDNA (ITS), the mitochondrial rDNA small subunit (mrSSU) and the nuclear rDNA large subunit (nrLSU). The morphological variability of T. intermedius, including five specimens newly collected from Yunnan Province, China, is also discussed. The collections showed variability in colour of the stipe surface and in the shape of cheilocystidia when compared to the original description. Full descriptions of the two new species and of T. intermedius, as well as a taxonomic key to the 14 Termitomyces species reported from China are provided.

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11

Gebreyohannes, Gebreselema, Andrew Nyerere, Christine Bii, and Desta B. Sbhatu. "Investigation of Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Activities of Different Extracts of Auricularia and Termitomyces Species of Mushrooms." Scientific World Journal 2019 (July 24, 2019): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/7357048.

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Mushrooms produce a variety of bioactive compounds that are known to have a potential source of antioxidant and antimicrobial properties. Natural antioxidants can protect against free radicals without any side effects. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of Auricularia and Termitomyces extracts. Specimens of Auricularia and Termitomyces spp. were collected from Kakamega National Reserve Forest in Kenya. Specimens were identified, extracted, and screened for their antioxidant and antimicrobial activities using stable free radical DPPH and colorimetric bioassay methods, respectively. The antimicrobial activity of the extracts was tested against Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, MRSA, Candida albicans, and Candida parapsilosis. The maximum scavenging activity of hot water extract of Auricularia spp. was observed at 70.4% with the IC50 value of 40 μg/mL. Of the three extracts of Termitomyces spp., 70% ethanol extract has shown the highest scavenging activity (63%) with the IC50 value of 50 μg/mL. Chloroform and hot water extracts of Auricularia have shown statistically significantly different antifungal activities against C. parapsilosis (df = 2, F = 22.49, p ≤ 0.05). Of all the organisms, S. aureus was highly susceptible to 70% ethanol and hot water extracts of Termitomyces spp. with minimum inhibitory concentration values of 0.67±0.29 mg/mL. S. aureus and E. coli were the most susceptible and resistant bacteria to the hot water extract, respectively. In conclusion, the extracts of Auricularia spp. and Termitomyces spp. have shown promising antimicrobial and antioxidant activities.

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12

Mjaika, Ndifon Elias. "A Systematic Review Biodiversity and Conservation of Indigenous Mushrooms (Basidiomycotina, Ascomycotina) of Central Africa Countryside: Uses, Distribution and Checklists." Research in Ecology 4, no. 2 (2022): 56. http://dx.doi.org/10.30564/re.v4i2.4746.

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Significant socio-economic, spiritual, nutritional and medicinal needs of the countrysides in Central Africa region are obtainable from macrofungi. Conversely, anthropogenic activities and climate change have led to a reduction in the habitats of mushrooms which has led to some mushrooms becoming endangered. A dearth of information on the ecology, management and composition of mushrooms in Central Africa exists. Hence a review was systematically carried out on published mycological research outcomes from Central African countryside, to delineate the way forward. It was observed that the level of indigenous mycological knowledge was very high (> 60%) in all the tribes. The highest number of edible mushrooms was from DRC (377 species), followed by Cameroon (50 species). The dataset showed that 448 edible mushrooms have been identified based on citable publications and 27 tribes/localities evaluated. Additionally the dataset showed 75 author-identified mushrooms that inhabitants did not identify and use. The most popular edible mushrooms from 79 key edible mushrooms were Russula (9 spp.), Termitomyces (8), Cantharellus (8), Plerotus (5), Amanita (5), Marasmius, Lactarius and Lactifluus (4 spp. each). The topmost consumed species were Pleurotus tuberregium (14 out of 27 localities), Auricularia cornea (13), Cantharellus congolensis (12), Marasmius bekolacongoli (12), Schizophyllum commune (11) and Cantharellus floridulus (11). Mushrooms for mythology uses: (Phallus indusiatus and Dictyophora sp.), Mythology+food: (Termitomyces robustus), Medicinal: (Daldinia concentrica, Ganoderma applanatum and Ganoderma lucidum), Medicinal+food: (Polyporus dictyopus, Schizophyllum commune and Termitomyces clypeatus) and Food+mythology+medicinal: (Termitomyces microcarpus and Termitomyces titanicus). Irrefutably, these previous ethnomycological and ecological studies have scarcely made a significant impact on fungi biodiversity.

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13

Verma, Srishti, Mahesh Tiwari, R. V. Shukla, and Kamlesh Shukla. "Species of Termitomyces (Agaricales) Occurring in Achanakmar Biosphere Reserve, Chhattisgarh." Journal of Ravishankar University (PART-B) 35, no. 1 (2022): 87–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.52228/jrub.2022-35-1-8.

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The Agarics as a group, occurs in a varieties of habitat. Some species exist in areas that are geographically separated, while some are known only from restricted areas and many species do seem to show preference for a certain type of natural habitats as well as for a particular substrate. An extensive exploration of wild mushrooms carried out from 2019 to 2021 at different forest ranges of Achanakmar Biosphere Reserve,Chhattisgarh India. Seven different species of Termitomyces namely Termitomycesclypeatus, T. microcarpus, T. rabuorii, T. streatus, T. radicatus, Termitomyces sp. -1, Termitomyces sp -2, were found in edible form. So far members of the group which are found in soil, dung, plant derbies, independently or in association with particular plant species has minimal documentation and germ-plasm collection from Chhattisgarh state, which is known for the largest forest land and the tribal population.

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14

Sangvichien, E., and P. A. Taylor-Hawksworth. "Termitomyces mushrooms: a tropical delicacy." Mycologist 15, no. 1 (2001): 31–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0269-915x(01)80058-6.

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15

Piearce, GD. "The genus Termitomyces in Zambia." Mycologist 1, no. 3 (1987): 111–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0269-915x(87)80080-0.

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16

Hsieh, Huei-Mei, and Yu-Ming Ju. "Medicinal components in Termitomyces mushrooms." Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology 102, no. 12 (2018): 4987–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00253-018-8991-8.

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17

USMAN, MUHAMMAD, and ABDUL NASIR KHALID. "Termitomyces acriumbonatus sp. nov. (Lyophyllaceae, Agaricales) from Pakistan." Phytotaxa 477, no. 2 (2020): 217–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.477.2.6.

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Four Termitomyces samples were collected in fungal surveys during 2016–2017 at Pabbi Forest Park, Punjab, Pakistan. Detailed morphological examination showed the four collections represent a new species. The phylogenetic analyses of Internal Transcribed Spacer (ITS) and Larger Sub-Unit (LSU) genes also supported the morphology to establish the new species which we describe and illustrate in this paper. The new species, Termitomyces acriumbonatus, is characterized by a small pileus 15–30 mm diam., with pointed grayish brown perforatium, cylindrical smooth stipe, and ellipsoid, 6.1−8.7 × 4.5–6.5 μm sized basidiospores.

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18

Kumar, Sanjeev, and Yash Sharma. "Some potential wild edible macrofungi of Jammu province (Jammu and Kashmir), India." Indian Journal of Forestry 32, no. 1 (2009): 113–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.54207/bsmps1000-2009-8880k3.

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Seven species of edible macrofungi namely Cantharellus cibarius, Coprinus comatus, Geopora arenicola, Ramaria formosa, Ramaria flavo-brunnescens, Sparassis crispa and Termitomyces striatus belonging to Ascomycetes and Basidiomycetes have been illustrated and arer being described for the first time from Jammu Province of Jammu and Kashmir state. Their habitat description, taxonomic features, edibility and economic status and ethnomycological details have been incorporated in the present communication. Out of these seven species. Termitomyces striatus is new report from Jammu and Kashmir state, whereas remaining six species constitute the first authentic report from the Jammu Province.

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19

Neelima Kumari and Anjani Kumar Srivastava. "Analysis of antioxidant activities of common wild edible mushrooms employing cuprous assays: A comparative study." International Journal of Life Science Research Archive 3, no. 1 (2022): 118–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.53771/ijlsra.2022.3.1.0091.

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Ranchi is the state capital of Jharkhand. Ranchi district nurtures myriads of micro climatic conditions and habitats which provide suitable environment for the growth of different types of wild edible mushrooms especially during monsoon.These mushrooms are widely distributed in this district and it is an important source of nutrient, health, and income generation. The current study was pivoted at the antioxidant activities of some of the mushrooms. A total of 7 most commonly consumed wild edible mushrooms were analyzed using the cuprous assay. The data from the cuprous assay showed that all studied wild edible mushrooms possess antioxidant activities. Among all the edible species, the dried ethanolic extracts of Termitomyces heimii Natrajan showed highest antioxidant content (120.6 mg/ml) followed by Astraeus asiaticusWatling (115.3 mg/ml,)Pleurotus ostreatus P. Kumm(90 mg /ml), Termitomyces clypeatus R, Heim (87.6 mg/ml), Boletus edulis Fr. (78.8 mg/ml),Termitomyces microcarpus Berk & Broome (76.6 mg/ml) and Volvariella volvacea Speg. (70 mg/ml). Thus, wild edible mushrooms may have prospective as natural antioxidants.

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20

Sulistiany, Henny, and Mustika Sari. "Kandungan Nutrisi, Aktivitas Antioksidan, dan Kadar Fenolik Total Tubuh Buah Kulat Basi (Termitomyces sp.) Asal Kabupaten Kapuas Hulu." Al-Kauniyah: Jurnal Biologi 15, no. 2 (2022): 199–208. http://dx.doi.org/10.15408/kauniyah.v15i2.18230.

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AbstrakKulat basi (Termitomyces sp.) adalah jamur asal Kabupaten Kapuas Hulu yang hidup bersimbiosis dengan rayap. Jamur ini digemari masyarakat karena rasanya yang enak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kandungan nutrisi, aktivitas antioksidan, dan kadar fenolik total dari ekstrak metanol, etil asetat, dan n-heksan tubuh buah Kulat basi (Termitomyces sp.). Uji kandungan nutrisi meliputi kadar air, abu, protein, lemak, dan karbohidrat dilakukan berdasarkan metode Sudarmadji et al. (1984). Aktivitas antioksidan dianalisis dengan metode DPPH dan kadar fenolik total dianalisis dengan metode Folin-Ciocalteu. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa uji proksimat (kadar air, abu, protein, lemak, dan karbohidrat) dari Kulat basi secara berurutan adalah 16,09 ± 0,19%, 15,64 ± 0,58%, 31,78 ± 0,87%, 1,42 ± 0,02% dan 5,62 ± 0,94%. Hasil ini menunjukkan bahwa Kulat basi mengandung mineral dan protein yang tinggi, serta kandungan lemak dan karbohidrat yang rendah. Aktivitas antioksidan tertinggi dalam meredam radikal DPPH ditunjukkan oleh ekstrak metanol tubuh buah jamur dengan IC50 sebesar 2,54 ± 0,02 mg/mL. Kandungan fenolik total ekstrak metanol juga menunjukkan nilai yang paling tinggi (0,85 ± 0,01 mg GAE/g ekstrak) dibandingkan dengan ekstrak etil asetat dan n-heksan. Dengan demikian, Kulat basi (Termitomyces sp.) berpotensi sebagai makanan fungsional karena memiliki nutrisi yang baik dan berpotensi sebagai antioksidan alami. Abstract Kulat basi (Termitomyces sp.) is a mushroom from Kapuas Hulu Regency that lives in symbiosis with termites. This mushroom is popular because of its delicious taste. This study was conducted to determine the nutrient content, antioxidant activity and total phenolic content of methanol, ethyl acetate and n-hexane extracts of Kulat basi (Termitomyces sp.). Testing of the nutrient content test including moisture, ash, protein, fat and carbohydrate content was carried out based on the method of Sudarmadji et al. (1984). Antioxidant activity was analyzed using the DPPH method and total phenolic content was determined using the Folin-Ciocalteu method. The results showed that the proximate test (moisture, ash, protein, fat and carbohydrate content) of Kulat basi mushroom was 16.09 ± 0.19%, 15.64 ± 0.58%, 31.78 ± 0.87%, 1.42 ± 0.02% and 5.62 ± 0.94%, respectively. These finding indicated that Kulat basi mushroom contained high minerals and protein, also low fat and carbohydrate content. The highest antioxidant activity in reducing DPPH radicals was shown by the methanol extract of mushroom with IC50of 2.54 ± 0.02 mg/mL. The total phenolic content of methanol extract also revealed the highest value (0.85 ± 0.01 mg GAE/g extract) compared to ethyl acetate and n-hexane extracts. In conclusion, Kulat basi (Termitomyces sp.) has the potential as a functional food for its high nutrient content and natural antioxidant potential.

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21

Burkhardt, Immo, Nina B. Kreuzenbeck, Christine Beemelmanns, and Jeroen S. Dickschat. "Mechanistic characterization of three sesquiterpene synthases from the termite-associated fungus Termitomyces." Organic & Biomolecular Chemistry 17, no. 13 (2019): 3348–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c8ob02744g.

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22

Akash, D., N. Earanna, and S. Subramanya. "Mushroom diversity in the Biligiri rangana hills of Karnataka (India)." Journal of Applied and Natural Science 9, no. 3 (2017): 1381–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.31018/jans.v9i3.1371.

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Evergreen forests of Biligiri rangana hills (BR hills) spread over an area of 540 sq. KM over eastern most edge of Western Ghats in Karnataka. Climatic conditions are more favorable for establishment of mushrooms and complete their life cycle. In this study, fourteen mushroom species were collected from BR hills region during monsoon (June through September 2013) with the help of Solega tribe inhabited the region since many years. Of the fourteen mushrooms, two mushrooms were identified as Ganoderma lucidum and Polyporous flabelliformis based on their phenotypic characters. The other 12 mushrooms were identified by ITS (Internal Transcribed spacer)region sequence homology as Termitomyces sp. (BRM-3)., Auricularia delicate (BRM-4), Termitomyces microcarpus (BRM-5), Amanita sp. (BRM-6), Podoscypha petalodes (BRM-7), Agaricaceae sp. (BRM-8), Macrolepiota sp.(BRM-9), Calvatia holothurioides (BRM-10), Gymnopillus crociphyllus (BRM-11), Coprinus comatus (BRM-12), Gyrodontium sacchari (BRM-13) and Clitocybeafffellea (BRM-14). Among the fourteen mushrooms, three species viz., Termito-myces species, Auricularia delicate and Termitomyces microcarpus were edible. The others were non edible/poisonous species. This study reports the diverse mushroom species as addition to biodiversity at BR hills.

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23

Das, Sujoy K., and Arun K. Guha. "Biosorption of chromium by Termitomyces clypeatus." Colloids and Surfaces B: Biointerfaces 60, no. 1 (2007): 46–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.colsurfb.2007.05.021.

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24

Zhang, Ying, Shao Juan Jiang, and Ge Yang. "Evaluation of Copper, Zinc and Chromium Contents of Some Wild Edible Mushrooms in Miyi." Advanced Materials Research 884-885 (January 2014): 611–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.884-885.611.

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The aim of the present study was to analyze and compare contents of copper, zinc and chromium in 15 kinds of wild mushrooms. heavy metals were determined using flame atomic adsorption spectrometry (VARIAN, SpectrAA-220Fs). The mushrooms were collected from Miyi, China. The study explored the accumulation of heavy metals in different macrofung. Minimal and maximal concentrations of heavy metals were determined in Termitomyces microcarpus and Amanita esculenta for copper, Ramaria flava and Termitomyces for zinc, Hygrophorus eburnesus and Boletus aereus for chromium ,respectively. chromium values in wild mushrooms collected from Miyi were generally higher than the previous studies. Copper and zinc contents were in agreement with the literature value.

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25

MOSSEBO, D. C., E. P. F. ESSOUMAN, M. C. MACHOUART, and C. GUEIDAN. "Phylogenetic relationships, taxonomic revision and new taxa of Termitomyces (Lyophyllaceae, Basidiomycota) inferred from combined nLSU- and mtSSU-rDNA sequences." Phytotaxa 321, no. 1 (2017): 71. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.321.1.3.

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In order to contribute to the taxonomic revision of several species of Termitomyces, sequences of 74 strains representing 28 taxa were used to generate a combined nLSU-mtSSU phylogenetic tree. The phylogenetic analysis showed that re-classification was required for 12 taxa originally misidentified under various names. The changes led to the use of 8 valid names for these 12 taxa, including two new forms: T. striatus f. subclypeatus and T. medius f. ochraceus; and a new combination: Termitomyces brunneopileatus according to their placement on various clades and subclades in the phylogenetic trees. Termitomyces letestui and T. medius were taxonomically revised. In addition, T. letestui collected from China is the first record from the Asian continent. This species was so far collected only in tropical Africa. Similarly, T. robustus is reported for the first time from Cameroon. Moreover, the phylogenetic analysis confirms T. subumkowaan as a new species that was originally described only on the basis of morphological features. The combined phylogenetic analysis and morphological features reveal that different strains of the same taxon show sometimes large variations in macro- and micromorphological features, some very likely with links to genetic factors other than genes sequenced here, thereby justifying the new forms erected within these taxa in order to facilitate their identification.

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26

Sitati, Concepta N. W., Kenneth O. Ogila, Rebecca W. Waihenya, and Lucy A. Ochola. "Phytochemical Profile and Antimicrobial Activities of Edible Mushroom Termitomyces striatus." Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2021 (October 19, 2021): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/3025848.

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The mushroom Termitomyces striatus is an edible mushroom that grows wildly and belongs to the family Lyophyllaceae. Studies in the last few decades have demonstrated that mushrooms and their active components have beneficial effects on a variety of biological systems. Some mushrooms do exhibit antibacterial properties. Qualitative phytochemical profile was done on the mushroom Termitomyces striatus to establish the presence of compounds responsible for important biological activities. This study also investigated the effect of Termitomyces striatus extracts on certain bacterial strains that included Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa representing the Gram-negative bacteria and Bacillus subtilis and Staphylococcus aureus representing Gram-positive bacteria. The fungi were represented by Candida albicans and Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The mushroom was collected in western Kenya, air-dried, and crushed into powder, followed by extraction using water, methanol, and dichloromethane (DCM) solvents. Antibacterial and antifungal activities were evaluated using the disc-diffusion method. Qualitative phytochemical screening of the aqueous extract revealed the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, steroids, sterols, saponins, phenols, carbohydrates, and proteins. The three extracts exhibited antibacterial against tested bacterial strains. The DCM extract revealed higher effects among the bacterial strains tested. The three extracts showed antifungal effects against C. albicans. However, both methanol and aqueous extracts did not inhibit growth of S. cerevisiae. In conclusion, T. striatus extracts are a promising source of novel antimicrobial and antifungal agents.

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Nieuwenhuis, Mathijs, Lennart J. J. van de Peppel, Freek T. Bakker, Bas J. Zwaan, and Duur K. Aanen. "Enrichment of G4DNA and a Large Inverted Repeat Coincide in the Mitochondrial Genomes of Termitomyces." Genome Biology and Evolution 11, no. 7 (2019): 1857–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/gbe/evz122.

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Abstract Mitochondria retain their own genome, a hallmark of their bacterial ancestry. Mitochondrial genomes (mtDNA) are highly diverse in size, shape, and structure, despite their conserved function across most eukaryotes. Exploring extreme cases of mtDNA architecture can yield important information on fundamental aspects of genome biology. We discovered that the mitochondrial genomes of a basidiomycete fungus (Termitomyces spp.) contain an inverted repeat (IR), a duplicated region half the size of the complete genome. In addition, we found an abundance of sequences capable of forming G-quadruplexes (G4DNA); structures that can disrupt the double helical formation of DNA. G4DNA is implicated in replication fork stalling, double-stranded breaks, altered gene expression, recombination, and other effects. To determine whether this occurrence of IR and G4DNA was correlated within the genus Termitomyces, we reconstructed the mitochondrial genomes of 11 additional species including representatives of several closely related genera. We show that the mtDNA of all sampled species of Termitomyces and its sister group, represented by the species Tephrocybe rancida and Blastosporella zonata, are characterized by a large IR and enrichment of G4DNA. To determine whether high mitochondrial G4DNA content is common in fungi, we conducted the first broad survey of G4DNA content in fungal mtDNA, revealing it to be a highly variable trait. The results of this study provide important direction for future research on the function and evolution of G4DNA and organellar IRs.

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Pavithra, Mundamoole, Kandikere R. Sridhar, and Ammatanda A. Greeshma. "Macrofungi in two botanical gardens in southwestern India." Journal of Threatened Taxa 9, no. 3 (2017): 9962. http://dx.doi.org/10.11609/jott.2747.9.3.9962-9970.

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This study reports 11 species of macrofungi in the botanical garden and arboretum of Mangalore University. Frequent species include Clathrus delicatus, Entoloma serrulatum and Tetrapyrgos nigripes in the botanical garden, and Collybia aurea and T. nigripes in the arboretum. Five species are edible (Collybia aurea, Lepista sp., Russula adusta, R. atropurpurea and Termitomyces microcarpus), one is medicinal (T. microcarpus) and two are ectomycorrhizal (Russula adusta and R. atropurpurea) with critically endangered endemic tree species Vateria indica (Dipterocarpaceae). Some macrofungi grow on bark, woody litter and leaf litter, while others were found on typical lateritic soils with organic matter. Termitomyces microcarpus was common in the faecal pellets of termites in the botanical garden. Brief descriptions of species based on field and laboratory observations, along with their substrates and distribution, are given.

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29

Wei, T. Z., B. H. Tang, and Y. J. Yao. "Revision of Termitomyces in China." Mycotaxon 108, no. 1 (2009): 257–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.5248/108.257.

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30

Nhi, Nguyễn Thị Ngọc, and Trần Nhân Dũng. "Phân lập giống nấm mối Termitomyces clypeatus." Can Tho University Journal of Science 46 (2016): 17. http://dx.doi.org/10.22144/ctu.jvn.2016.537.

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31

ABO-KHATWA, AHMED. "Termitomyces: A New Source of Potent Cellulases." Journal of King Abdulaziz University-Science 1, no. 1 (1989): 51–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.4197/sci.1-1.5.

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32

FrØSlev, Tobias G., Duur K. Aanen, Thomas Laessøe, and Soren Rosendahl. "Phylogenetic relationships of Termitomyces and related taxa." Mycological Research 107, no. 11 (2003): 1277–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0953756203008670.

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33

Van Der Westhuizen, G. C. A., and A. Eicker. "Species of Termitomyces occurring in South Africa." Mycological Research 94, no. 7 (1990): 923–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0953-7562(09)81306-3.

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34

Hari, Prasad Aryal, and Budathoki Usha. "Ethnomycology of Termitomyces R. Heim in Nepal." Journal of Yeast and Fungal Research 7, no. 4 (2016): 28–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.5897/jyfr2015.0154.

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35

Turnbull, E., and R. Watling. "Some Records of Termitomyces from Old World Rainforests." Kew Bulletin 54, no. 3 (1999): 731. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/4110869.

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36

Ghosh, Anil K., Amal K. Naskar, and Subhobrata Sengupta. "Characterisation of a xylanolytic amyloglucosidase of Termitomyces clypeatus." Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Protein Structure and Molecular Enzymology 1339, no. 2 (1997): 289–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0167-4838(97)00011-3.

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37

Mukherjee, M., and S. Sengupta. "Isolation and regeneration of protoplasts from Termitomyces clypeatus." Canadian Journal of Microbiology 34, no. 12 (1988): 1330–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/m88-233.

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A method for the efficient release of protoplasts from the mycelia of Termitomyces clypeatus and the conditions necessary for the regeneration of the protoplasts are described. It was possible to obtain T. clypeatus protoplasts, to a concentration of 2 × 108/mL of incubation mixture, by digesting the mycelia with a mixture of cellulase, chitinase, and Novozym 234 for 3 h. Mycelial regeneration of the protoplasts was not detected in liquid regenerating medium, whereas more than 50% of the protoplasts developed into colonies on the same solid medium. Both direct hyphal growth and budding of the protoplasts without any hyphal development were observed on solid medium. However, budding of the protoplasts was only observed in the liquid regenerating medium.

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38

K, Harwinder, Baljit K, and Munruchi K. "Three species of Termitomyces (Lyophyllaceae, Agaricales) from Punjab, India." Mushroom Research 31, no. 1 (2022): 39–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.36036/mr.31.1.2022.326246.

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39

Park, Jin-Sung, Yun-Soon Kim, Euna Kwon, Jun-Won Yun, and Byeong-Cheol Kang. "Genotoxicity Evaluation of Termite Mushroom, Termitomyces albuminosus (Agaricomycetes), Powder." International Journal of Medicinal Mushrooms 23, no. 9 (2021): 85–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1615/intjmedmushrooms.2021039780.

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40

van der Westhuizen, G. C. A., and A. Eicker. "The ‘Omajowa’ or ‘Termitenpilz’, Termitomyces sp. (Agaricales) of Namibia." South African Journal of Botany 57, no. 1 (1991): 67–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0254-6299(16)30986-3.

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Thomas, Rebecca. "Selective medium for isolation of Termitomyces from termite nests." Transactions of the British Mycological Society 84, no. 3 (1985): 519–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0007-1536(85)80014-0.

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V., Gomathi, M. Esakkiammal, S. S. Thilagavathi, and A. Ramalakshmi. "Lignocellulosic Enzyme Production by Termitomyces spp from Termite Garden." Universal Journal of Agricultural Research 7, no. 2 (2019): 100–111. http://dx.doi.org/10.13189/ujar.2019.070202.

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43

CHOI, Jae-Hoon, Kohei MAEDA, Hirofumi HIRAI, et al. "Novel Cerebroside, Termitomycesphin I, from the Mushroom,Termitomyces titanicus." Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Biochemistry 76, no. 7 (2012): 1407–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1271/bbb.120130.

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Ono, Kazuko, Toshimitsu Hata, Tsuyoshi Yoshimura, and Kazuhiko Kinjo. "Wood decaying properties of the termite mushroom Termitomyces eurrhizus." Journal of Wood Science 63, no. 1 (2016): 83–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10086-016-1588-x.

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45

Abd Malek, Sri Nurestri, Gowri Kanagasabapathy, Vikineswary Sabaratnam, Noorlidah Abdullah, and Hashim Yaacob. "Lipid Components of a Malaysian Edible Mushroom,Termitomyces heimiiNatarajan." International Journal of Food Properties 15, no. 4 (2012): 809–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10942912.2010.506017.

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46

Sinha, N., and S. Sengupta. "Simultaneous production of ?-arabinofuranosidase and xylanase by Termitomyces clypeatus." World Journal of Microbiology & Biotechnology 11, no. 3 (1995): 359–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00367122.

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47

Daud, M., Hikmah, S. F. Asis, and Baharuddin. "Habitat characteristics and utilization of edible wild mushrooms by local communities in the protected forest in Pinrang Regency, Indonesia." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 886, no. 1 (2021): 012125. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/886/1/012125.

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Abstract This study aims to determine the habitat characteristics and utilization of edible wild mushrooms by local communities in protected forest areas in Pinrang Regency, Indonesia. The study was conducted using observation, survey, interview, and questionnaire methods. The characteristics of the wild mushroom habitat are climate type B, with average rainfall is 2,780.2 mm/year, a temperature of 24-32°C, and relative humidity of 59-82%. In general, a wild mushroom grows on dead wood, especially candlenut (Aleurites moluccana) and mango (Mangifera indica), soil, and litter. There were 18 types of wild mushrooms found in the protected forest areas in Pinrang Regency, namely Termitomyces clypeate, Pleurotus ostreatus, Pycnoporus sanguineus, Tyromyces chioneus, Trametes hirsute, Schizophyllum commune, Lepiota clypeolaria, Lepiota brunneoincarnata, Auricularia auricular, Psavinea, squarrosulus, Leucocoprinus sp., Coprinellus micaceus, Ganoderma lucidum, Oudemansiella mucida. There were 5 types which include edible wild mushrooms that can be consumed by the community as a source of food and medicine, namely Termitomyces clypeatus, Pleurotus ostreatus, Schizophyllum commune, Auricularia auricular, and Pluteus cervinus, and 13 species include non-edible wild mushrooms and some of them are known as poisonous mushrooms.

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48

Bhanja, Sunil Kumar, and Dilip Rout. "Structural Analysis of Two Bioactive Components of an Edible Mushroom, Termitomyces microcarpus." Natural Product Communications 12, no. 12 (2017): 1934578X1701201. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1934578x1701201226.

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Two glucans, one α-glucan (TM-I) and one β-glucan (TM-II) were isolated from an edible mushroom, Termitomyces microcarpus by extraction with 5% NaOH/0.05% NaBH4, followed by a precipitation with 1 M acetic acid. The repeating units of two polysaccharides have been identified by means of NMR studies (1H, 13C, DEPT-135 and HSQC) and chemical investigations. The structures of repeating units of two polymers were established as

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49

Vreeburg, Sabine M. E., Norbert C. A. de Ruijter, Bas J. Zwaan, Rafael R. da Costa, Michael Poulsen, and Duur K. Aanen. "Asexual and sexual reproduction are two separate developmental pathways in a Termitomyces species." Biology Letters 16, no. 8 (2020): 20200394. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsbl.2020.0394.

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Although mutualistic symbioses per definition are beneficial for interacting species, conflict may arise if partners reproduce independently. We address how this reproductive conflict is regulated in the obligate mutualistic symbiosis between fungus-growing termites and Termitomyces fungi. Even though the termites and their fungal symbiont disperse independently to establish new colonies, dispersal is correlated in time. The fungal symbiont typically forms mushrooms a few weeks after the colony has produced dispersing alates. It is thought that this timing is due to a trade-off between alate and worker production; alate production reduces resources available for worker production. As workers consume the fungus, reduced numbers of workers will allow mushrooms to ‘escape’ from the host colony. Here, we test a specific version of this hypothesis: the typical asexual structures found in all species of Termitomyces —nodules—are immature stages of mushrooms that are normally harvested by the termites at a primordial stage. We refute this hypothesis by showing that nodules and mushroom primordia are macro- and microscopically different structures and by showing that in the absence of workers, primordia do, and nodules do not grow out into mushrooms. It remains to be tested whether termite control of primordia formation or of primordia outgrowth mitigates the reproductive conflict.

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Rava, M., R. Ali, and S. Das. "Taxonomic and Phylogenetic study of Termitomyces entolomoides in western Assam." International Journal of Scientific Research in Biological Sciences 6, no. 1 (2019): 84–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.26438/ijsrbs/v6i1.8488.

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