Relevant bibliographies by topics / Ternary phase diagram NaF

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Academic literature on the topic 'Ternary phase diagram NaF'

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Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 1 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Ternary phase diagram NaF"

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Savchuk, R. N., N. V. Faidyuk, A. A. Omel’chuk, V. A. Khokhlov, and I. V. Korzun. "Phase diagram of the ternary NaF-LiF-LaF3 system." Russian Metallurgy (Metally) 2013, no. 2 (February 2013): 138–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s0036029513020109.

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Schacherl, Bianca, Rachel Eloirdi, Rudy J. M. Konings, and Ondrej Beneš. "Thermodynamic Assessment of the NaF-KF-UF4 System." Thermo 1, no. 2 (August 27, 2021): 232–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/thermo1020016.

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In the Molten Salt Reactor (MSR) concept, metal fluorides are key components of possible fuel and coolant salts. The fast reactor option opens the possibility for alternatives to the Li based matrix salts, avoiding the costly 7Li enrichment and the tritium production from residual 6Li. Such alternatives can be based on NaF and KF as matrix components. In this study, two pseudo-binary phase diagrams of NaF-UF4 and KF-UF4, and the NaF-KF-UF4 pseudo-ternary system were experimentally investigated using Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC). The obtained data were used to perform a full thermodynamic assessment of the NaF-KF-UF4 system. The calculated pseudo-ternary eutectic was found at 807 K and a 68.9-7.6-23.5 mol% NaF-KF-UF4 composition. The comprehensive experimental and modelling data obtained in this work provide further extension of the JRCMSD thermodynamic database describing thermodynamic properties of key fuel and coolant salts for the MSR technology.
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Buhaenko, Valery, Volodymyr Chupryna, and Oleh Lysenko. "MELT PROPERTIES OF THE FOUR SALT SYSTEM AlF3-KF-NaF-ZrF4." Ukrainian Chemistry Journal 86, no. 7 (August 20, 2020): 65–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.33609/2708-129x.86.7.2020.65-74.

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The fusibility of salt mixtures in the anhydrous quadruple AlF3-KF-NaF-ZrF4 system was studied. The direction of lowering the melting point of substances in the tetrahedron of the composition of the quadruple system, the influence of complexation on lowering the melting point of salt mixtures, were clarified. The fusibility of salts in the ternary AlF3-NaF-ZrF4 system was investigated experimentally by methods of thermal phase analysis. The diagram of fusibility to the isotherm of 900 °C is constructed. Primary crystallization fields are represented by the phases of the initial salts (AlF3, KF, ZrF4) of the compounds that were formed in binary subsystems (2KF∙ZrF4, 7NaF∙6ZrF4, 3NaF∙4ZrF4, 5NaF∙3AlF3) and Na3AlF6-Na3ZrF7 solid solutions. The minimum melting point was 466 ° C in a triple eutectic. The fusibility of salt mixtures was experimentally studied in the subsystem K2ZrF6-Na2ZrF6-KAlF4-NaAlF4, which was a section of the tetrahedron of the composition of the quadruple system AlF3-KF-NaF-ZrF4. The fusibility diagram of this subsystem was constructed. A triple point with a melting point of 450 °C was found. Primary crystallization fields are represented by compounds K2ZrF6, Na2ZrF6 and solid solutions KAlF4-NaAlF4. The low-melting region of the compositions in the tetrahedron of the composition of the quadruple system was shifted to the faces NaF-KF-ZrF4 and AlF3-KF-ZrF4. The intense chemical interaction of the starting materials of the quadruple system with the formation of complex compounds and the extensive formation of solid solutions complicated the determination of crystallizing solid phases and the establishment of monovariant equilibria in quadruple mixtures. Quadruple eutectic in the four component system was formed by the merger of four monovariant lines. To calculate the composition of the quadruple eutectic by the melting temperature and the composition of the eutectic of the triple subsystems, the coordinates of the four triple points are necessary. The characteristic of two triple points was obtained as a result of an experimental study of the fusibility diagrams of auxiliary sections of a tetrahedron of the composition: K2ZrF4-Na2ZrF6-KAlF4-NaAlF4 and KZrF6-NaAlF4-(0,5NaF+0,5ZrF4)-KAlF4, which were located near the quadruple eutectic.
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Jin, Luchao, Zhitao Li, Ahmad Jamili, Mohannad Kadhum, Jun Lu, Bor-Jier Shiau, Jeffrey H. Harwell, and Mojdeh Delshad. "An Analytical Solution for Three-Component, Two-Phase Surfactant Flooding Dependent on the Hydrophilic/Lipophilic-Difference Equation and the Net-Average-Curvature Equation of State." SPE Journal 22, no. 05 (March 22, 2017): 1424–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/185946-pa.

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Summary Microemulsion phase behavior is crucial to surfactant flooding performance and design. In previous studies, analytical/numerical solutions for surfactant flooding were developed dependent on the classical theory of multicomponent/multiphase displacement and empirical microemulsion phase-behavior models. These phase-behavior models were derived from empirical correlations for component-partition coefficients or from the Hand-rule model (Hand 1930), which empirically represents the ternary-phase diagram. These models may lack accuracy or predictive abilities, which may lead to improper formulation design or unreliable recovery predictions. To provide a more-insightful understanding of the mechanisms of surfactant flooding, we introduced a novel microemulsion phase-behavior equation of state (EOS) dependent on the hydrophilic/lipophilic-difference (HLD) equation and the net-average curvature (NAC) model, which is called HLD-NAC EOS hereafter. An analytical model for surfactant flooding was developed dependent on coherence theory and this novel HLD-NAC EOS for two-phase three-component displacement. Composition routes, component profile along the core, and oil recovery can be determined from the analytical solution. The analytical solution was validated against numerical simulation as well as experimental study. This HLD-NAC EOS based analytical solution enables a systematic study of the effects of phase-behavior-dependent variables on surfactant-flooding performance. The effects of solution gas and pressure on microemulsion phase behavior were investigated. It was found that an increase of solution gas and pressure would lead to enlarged microemulsion bank and narrowed oil bank. For a surfactant formulation designed at standard conditions, the analytical solution was able to quantitatively predict its performance under reservoir conditions.
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Fedorov, P. P., and A. V. Rappo. "NaF-CaF2-YbF3 phase diagram." Russian Journal of Inorganic Chemistry 53, no. 7 (July 2008): 1126–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s0036023608070231.

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Dvořák, V., V. Danielik, O. Matal, Marta Chrenková, and M. Boca. "Phase diagram of the system NaF-SnF2." Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry 91, no. 2 (February 2008): 541–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10973-006-8320-9.

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Danielik, V., and J. Gabová. "Phase diagram of the system Na3AlF6–NaF–Na2SO4." Thermochimica Acta 366, no. 1 (January 2001): 79–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0040-6031(00)00709-7.

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Danielik, V., and J. Gabčová. "Phase Diagram of the System NaF-KF-AlF3." Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry 76, no. 3 (2004): 763–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/b:jtan.0000032261.54207.1e.

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Mlynariková, Jarmila, Marta Chrenková, Vladimír Danielik, Vladimír Daněk, and Oldřich Matal. "Revised Phase Diagram of the System NaF–NaBF4." Monatshefte für Chemie - Chemical Monthly 139, no. 2 (December 10, 2007): 77–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00706-007-0673-7.

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Combs, Leon L., and Gregory W. Lynn. "Computer-Generated Ternary Phase Diagram." Journal of Chemical Education 72, no. 7 (July 1995): 608. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ed072p608.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Ternary phase diagram NaF"

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Mikula, Hynek. "Fázový diagram chladiva LiF-NaF-KF." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2010. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-374735.

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In introduction this graduation theses discource about phase diagrams and thein fission. Next part is about concrete phase diagrams NaF – KF, NaF – LiF, KF – LiF. Their determination trough use of cooling surves and their specification trough use of numerical method. Conclusion contains proposal of method for concrete phase diagram of NaF – KF – LiF.
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Prins, Sara Natalia. "The AI-Pt-Ru ternary phase diagram." Diss., Pretoria : [s.n.], 2003. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-09192005-163724/.

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Epifano, Enrica. "Study of the U-Am-O ternary phase diagram." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017SACLX084/document.

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Les isotopes de l’Américium sont les principaux contributeurs à la radioactivité des déchets nucléaires. Parmi les scénarios pour diminuer la toxicité des déchets, la transmutation dans les réacteurs à neutrons rapides utilisant des pastilles d’oxyde mixte (U,Am)O2 est une voie prometteuse. Dans ce cadre, la connaissance des propriétés thermodynamiques du système U-Am-O est essentielle pour prédire le comportement des pastilles (U,Am)O2 en conditions nominale et accidentelle. Cette thèse est dédiée à l’étude expérimentale d’oxydes mixtes (U,Am)O2 dans une large gamme de composition (7,5 % at. ≤ Am/(Am+U) ≤ 70 % at.). L’objectif est d’acquérir des données pour développer un modèle thermodynamique avec la méthode semi-empirique CALPHAD. Les résultats peuvent être classés en trois catégories : données structurales, données de diagramme de phase et données thermodynamiques. Pour la modélisation thermodynamique d’un système ternaire, l’optimisation des sous-systèmes binaires est nécessaire. Comme des questions restaient en suspens sur le système Am-O, le diagramme de phase Am-O a tout d’abord été étudié par diffraction des rayons X à haute température. L’existence d’un domaine de composition de la phase bcc AmO1.61 a été mis en évidence et la lacune de miscibilité dans la phase fluorite, proposée dans la littérature, n’a pas été confirmée. Grâce à ces nouveaux résultats, le modèle CALPHAD de Gotcu et al a été modifié. Dans une deuxième étape, des analyses structurales des dioxydes (U,Am)O2±x ont été effectuées par DRX, XAS et spectroscopie RAMAN. La DRX a permis de confirmer que tous les échantillons sont constitués d’une seule phase de structure fluorite. Le rapport O/M (avec M=U+Am) mesuré à température ambiante est inférieur à 2 ; la stabilité de l’Américium trivalent Am3+ a été mise en évidence. Celle-ci induit l’oxydation partielle de l’U4+ en U5+. Cette distribution de charge s’accompagne par la formation de défauts de l’oxygène complexes dans la structure fluorite. Lors de l’étude par DRX HT des oxydes mixtes sous air, il a été montré que la présence d’Am3+ stabilise la phase fluorite par rapport aux oxydes plus riches en oxygène (U4O9, U3O8). De nouvelles données de diagramme de phase ont été obtenues : des conodes dans les domaines biphasés M4O9-M3O8 and MO2+x-M3O8 et la solubilité de l’Américium dans les oxydes M4O9 et M3O8. L’étude du diagramme de phase U-Am-O a été poursuivie par la détermination des températures de solidus/liquidus des oxydes mixtes par une technique de chauffage laser, sous argon et sous air, et par la caractérisation des échantillons après fusion par SEM et XAS. La température de fusion des oxydes mixtes diminue avec une teneur croissante d’Américium (Am/(Am+U)) et d’oxygène (O/(Am+U)). Finalement, les propriétés thermodynamiques des oxydes (U,Am)O2±x ont été mesurées : les incréments enthalpiques par calorimétrie de chute et les pressions partielles des espèces gazeuses par Spectrométrie de Masse couplée à une cellule de Knudsen (KEMS). Une contribution d’excès de la capacité calorifique a été observée à haute température, attribuée à la réduction des oxydes (avec formation de lacunes d’oxygène). Les résultats de KEMS ont permis de déterminer une composition congruente de vaporisation à 2300 K, pour un rapport Am/(Am+U) de 0,6 et un rapport O/(U+Am) inférieur à 1,9. Finalement, la modélisation thermodynamique du système U-Am-O par la méthode CALPHAD a été abordée par la description de la phase fluorite. Un bon accord est obtenu entre le modèle et les données de potentiel d’oxygène pour l’oxyde (U0.5Am0.5)O2±x et de distribution des cations. De plus, le modèle permet de reproduire de façon satisfaisante les données de KEMS. En perspective de ce travail, la modélisation thermodynamique du ternaire sera étendue à la description des équilibres de phase mettant en jeu les oxydes M4O9, M3O8 et la phase liquide
Americium isotopes are the main contributors to the long-term radiotoxicity of the nuclear wastes, after the plutonium extraction. Among the reprocessing scenarios, the transmutation in fast neutron reactors using uranium-americium mixed oxide (U,Am)O2±x pellets seems promising. In this frame, the knowledge of the thermodynamics of the U-Am-O ternary system is of essential for the prediction of the behavior of (U,Am)O2 pellets and their possible interaction with the cladding, under normal and accidental conditions. This thesis is dedicated to the experimental investigation of U-Am mixed oxides on a wide range of Am contents (7.5 at.% ≤ Am/(Am+U) ≤ 70 at.%), with the aim to collect data for developing a thermodynamic model based on the semi-empirical CALPHAD method. The obtained results can be classified in three categories: structural, phase diagram and thermodynamic data. For the thermodynamic modeling of the ternary system, the assessment of the binary sub-systems is first required. As open questions still existed on the Am-O system, a first part of the work was dedicated to the study of the Am-O phase diagram by high-temperature (HT) XRD. The existence of a composition range of the bcc AmO1.61 phase was highlighted and the miscibility gap in the fluorite phase, proposed in the literature, was not found. Thanks to the new experimental data, the existing CALPHAD model of Gotcu et al. was modified. In a second step, structural investigations were performed on synthesized (U,Am)O2±x dioxides by coupling XRD, XAS and Raman spectroscopy. For all the compositions, the XRD confirmed the formation of a single fluorite structure. The O/M ratio (with M=U+Am) at room temperature was determined to be lower than 2; the stability of trivalent americium Am3+ in the dioxide solid solution was highlighted, which induces a partial oxidation of uranium from U4+ to U5+. This charge distribution, peculiar for a dioxide, is accompanied by the formation of complex oxygen defects in the fluorite structure. By a HT-XRD investigation of the mixed oxides under air combined with XAS characterization of the oxidized samples, it was shown that the presence of Am3+ leads to a stabilization of the dioxide fluorite phase toward the formation of oxides richer in oxygen, in comparison to the U-O system. New phase diagram data were obtained in the oxygen rich region at 1470 K: tie-lines in the M4O9-M3O8 and MO2+x-M3O8 domains were determined and the solubility of americium in the M4O9 and M3O8 oxides was estimated. The investigation of the U-Am-O phase diagram continued at higher temperature with the study of the solidus/liquidus transitions using a laser-heating technique, under argon and air, and post-melting characterizations conducted by SEM and XAS. The melting temperature of Am-U dioxides decreases with the increase of both the Am/(Am+U) and O/M ratios. Finally, thermodynamic properties of the U1-yAmyO2±x oxides were measured: enthalpy increments using drop calorimetry, partial vapor pressures by Knudsen cell effusion mass spectrometry (KEMS). An excess contribution to the heat capacity at high temperature was observed and this was attributed to the reduction of the dioxides at high temperature (formation of oxygen vacancies). The KEMS results lead to determine the congruent vaporization composition at 2300 K, for a Am/(Am+U) ratio of 0.6 and an O/M ratio lower than 1.9. Finally, the CALPHAD thermodynamic assessment of the U-Am-O system was started, by focusing the attention on the modelling of the fluorite phase. A good agreement between the model and the oxygen potential data for (U0.5Am0.5O2±x) and the cation distribution was achieved. Furthermore, the model is able to satisfactorily reproduce the KEMS data and hence the equilibrium between the dioxide and gas phase. For the perspectives of this work, the optimization of the thermodynamic model should be extended to describe the phase equilibria involving the M4O9, M3O8 oxides and the liquid phase
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Azevedo, Cesar R. de Farias. "Phase diagram and phase transformations in Ti-Al-Si system." Thesis, Imperial College London, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/1278.

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Horrocks, P. J. "Phase diagram and thermodynamics of the Ag-Cd-In ternary alloy system." Thesis, University of Manchester, 1991. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.508170.

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Kurosawa, Izumi. "Solid-Liquid Equilibrium in Multi Solute Systems." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/4993.

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Solid-liquid equilibrium in isomorphous amino acid systems has been investigated as a model for systems that form solid solutions. Solid- and liquid-phase compositions in L-valine + L-leucine, L-valine + L-isoleucine, and L-isoleucine + L-valine in water were measured over the entire range of solid composition, and it was shown (from mass balance and phase rule considerations) that these systems form solid solutions. The solid- phases resulting from isothermal and cooling crystallization experiments were also investigated using powder x-ray diffractometry which showed that homogeneous solid solutions could only be obtained in cooling crystallization experiments, whereas isothermal experiments generally produced inhomogeneous solids. This suggests that data reported in the literature from isothermal experiments may not represent true equilibrium values. Solid-phase activity coefficients were estimated using binary and ternary equilibrium data and the UNIFAC-Kuramochi model for liquid-phase nonidealities. The solid phases in the three systems investigated exhibited significant nonidealities that were correlated using the Margules model. The model parameters exhibited a linear relationship with the ratio of binary solubilities of the two solutes. Such simple relationship may be advantageous when solid-liquid equilibrium of thermally unstable solutes or components with unknown physical properties are crystallized.
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Dalgard, Elvi C. "Phase diagram studies in the Mg-rich corner of the Mg-Ce-In ternary system." Thesis, McGill University, 2007. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=100225.

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In the present study, dilute alloys in the Mg-rich corner of the Mg-Ce-In ternary system in the composition range 0 to 3% In and 0 to 1.5% Ce were synthesized. Cooling curve analysis was used to determine the liquidus points in order to construct the liquidus surface of the ternary phase diagram in the Mg corner. Energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), wavelength dispersive spectroscopy (WDS), and x-ray diffraction (XRD) techniques were used to examine phases present at the compositions studied. A thermal arrest presumed to represent a eutectic transformation was discovered at 580°C. Two new intermetallic compounds, designated tau and theta, were found. Trace silicon present in the alloys was found to concentrate in one of the intermetallic compounds.
To further investigate these compounds, an induction furnace was used to synthesize alloys containing the concentrations of Ce and In seen in electron probe micro-analysis (EPMA) examinations of these compounds. The alloys were examined using the cooling curve technique and XRD, and proved to contain the compounds already observed with some variation in dissolved indium content. In addition, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) was used to confirm the liquidus and solidus values determined using cooling curve analysis.
A diffusion couple with terminal compositions of pure Ce and a Mg-In alloy was prepared in order to determine the equilibrium phases present in the system between these two compositions at 390°C. EPMA was used to identify the zones obtained, and confirmed the presence of several Mg-Ce compounds with 1 at% dissolved indium, as well as a ternary compound corresponding to the theta compound found in the dilute alloys.
Finally, literature values and experimental data were used to calculate a preliminary ternary phase diagram using FACTSage, in collaboration with the CTRC at Ecole Polytechnique, in order to affirm the validity of the experimentally determined values as well as to project the diagram beyond the studied composition range.
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Zhang, Xin. "Experimental phase diagram studies on the Mg-Mn-Ce ternary system at Mg-rich corner." Thesis, McGill University, 2010. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=86547.

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The ternary Mg-Mn-Ce phase diagram was experimentally studied and thermodynamically calculated at the Mg-rich corner. More than twenty binary and ternary alloys were synthesized and heat-treated at both ambient and elevated temperatures. The microstructures and lattice parameters of the samples were studied via XRD, SEM/EDS and EPMA to determine phase equilibria. The ternary phase diagram was also calculated via thermodynamic calculation software FactSage. The results from both experiment and the assessment were compared and discussed. The binary phase diagrams were re-examined, especially the Mg-Ce system. In order to investigate the composition range of the intermetallic compounds Mg12Ce and Mg41Ce5, and to clarify data in the existing phase diagram, both the solid-liquid diffusion couple method and alloys synthesized with target phases were analyzed. The binary phase diagram study was also extended to the Ce-rich side of Mg-Ce system. A modified phase diagram was suggested to accommodate the stoichiometry of Mg11Ce, Mg39Ce5, and Mg3Ce. The experimental study on the ternary phase diagram was conducted on three isopleths: 0.6, 1.8 and 2.5wt% Mn, respectively, and Ce varied between 0 and 25wt%. Finally, the phase diagram calculation with FactSage program was conducted and the small disagreement between the modeling results and present experimental data were found.
Le diagramme de phase ternaire Mg-Mn-Ce a été étudié expérimentalement et calculé thermodynamiquement à son extrémité riche en magnésium. Plus de 20 alliages binaires et ternaires ont été synthétisés et traités thermiquement à température pièce et températures élevées. La microstructure et les paramètres de maille des échantillons ont été étudiés via XRD, SEM/EDS et EPMA pour déterminer les phases à l'équilibre. Le diagramme de phase ternaire a aussi été calculé à l'aide du logiciel de calcul thermodynamique Factsage. Les résultats provenant des expériences ainsi que de l'évaluation thermodynamique ont été comparés et discutés. Les diagrammes de phase binaires ont été re-examinés, spécialement pour le système Mg-Ce. Dans le but d'évaluer l'étendue de composition des composés intermétalliques Mg12Ce et Mg41Ce5, ainsi que de clarifier les données des diagrammes de phase existants, les méthodes de couple de diffusion solide-liquide et de synthèse d'alliages aux phases ciblées ont été utilisés. L'étude du diagramme de phase binaire a été prolongée à l'extrémité riche en Ce du système Mg-Ce. L'étude expérimentale du diagramme de phase ternaire a été conduite sur trois isoplèthes: 0.6, 1.8 et 2.5wt% Mn, respectivement, et Ce a été varié entre 0 et 25wt%. Finalement, les calculs de diagramme de phase provenant du logiciel FactSage ont été fait et de petites divergences entre les résultats modélisés et ceux expérimentaux ont été observées.
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Herrero, Bocco Bernardo. "Assessment of the ternary phase diagram on the stoichiometric and hypo-stoichiometric U-Nd-O system." Thesis, université Paris-Saclay, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020UPASC008.

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Cette thèse concerne l’étude expérimental et la modélisation thermodynamique du comportement des combustibles avancés utilisés dans les centrales nucléaires actuelles et de future génération. L’objet de la thèse est plus précisément l’étude du système ternaire (U-Nd-O) et pour comparaison du système ternaire (U-Ce-O). Ce système est particulièrement représentatif des produits de fissions accumulés dans le combustible pour des taux de combustion élevés mais aussi du dopage initial du combustible avec des poisons neutroniques utilisés dans des combustibles à fort taux d’enrichissement en mesure d’espacer les arrêts réacteur. L’étude de ce système présente des défis importants en raison du conflit ouvert entre phénomènes thermodynamiques et cinétiques. Il s’agit en effet d’un système hors équilibre où la mise en ordre à longue porté des structures locales est frustrée par la faiblesse du transport cationique dans la plage de températures d’intérêt pour les applications. Au cours de cette thèse, une révision de la littérature existante a motivé la fabrication d’échantillons aux caractéristiques bien définies par des méthodes de métallurgie des poudres et par des méthodes de chimie douce aboutissant à un contrôle des distributions des dopants. Les résultats obtenus par de nombreuses techniques de caractérisation (DRX, MEB, MET, XAS) sur des échantillons traités thermiquement dans des conditions oxydantes ou réductrices ont permis une réévaluation critique des diagrammes de phases actuellement utilisés. Nous avons pu proposer des modifications aboutissant à un nouveau diagramme de phases permettant une meilleure connaissance des limites d’utilisation des combustibles dans des conditions de sécurité optimales
This thesis concerns the experimental study and thermodynamic modeling of the behavior of advanced fuels used in current and future generation nuclear power plants. The subject of the thesis is more precisely the study of the ternary system (U-Nd-O) and for comparison purposes of (U-Ce-O). This system is particularly representative of the fission products accumulated in the fuel for high combustion rates but also of the initial atomic substitutions in the fuel by neutron poisons, used in nuclear fuels with high enrichment levels and capable of spacing out nuclear reactor outages. The study of this system presents significant challenges due to the open conflict between thermodynamic and kinetic phenomena. It is indeed an out of equilibrium system where the long-range ordering of local structures is frustrated by the negligible of atomic transport in the cation sublattice in the range of temperatures of interest for applications. During this thesis, a review of the existing literature motivated the manufacture of samples with well-defined characteristics by powder metallurgy methods and by soft chemistry methods leading to a control of dopant distributions. The results obtained by numerous characterization techniques (XRD, SEM, TEM, XAS) on samples treated thermally under oxidizing or reducing conditions have allowed a critical re-evaluation of the phase diagrams currently used. We have modelled a new phase diagram that includes new experimental results. This allows a better knowledge of the limits of use of nuclear fuels respecting optimal safety conditions
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Janowski, Mary Patricia. "An investigation of the high barium oxide portion of the BaO-Sc₂O₃-Al₂O₃ ternary phase diagram." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/19414.

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Books on the topic "Ternary phase diagram NaF"

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S, Pierce Brenda, and Johnson M. F. 1949-, eds. TRIANGL: A ternary diagram program on the PRIME computer. [Reston, VA]: U.S. Geological Survey, 1986.

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Book chapters on the topic "Ternary phase diagram NaF"

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Hwang, Jennie S. "Ternary Phase Diagram: Pb-Ag-Sn, Sn-Pb-Bi." In Solder Paste in Electronics Packaging, 397–99. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-6050-6_14.

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Ukita, Shusuke, Hiroshi Ohtani, and Mitsuhiro Hasebe. "Thermodynamic Analysis of the Ti-Zr-H Ternary Phase Diagram." In Advanced Materials Research, 989–92. Stafa: Trans Tech Publications Ltd., 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/0-87849-463-4.989.

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Bros, J. P. "Estimated and Measured Excess Functions and Phase Diagram of Ternary Alloys." In Thermochemistry of Alloys, 119–43. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-1027-0_7.

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Koblischka, Michael R., Miryala Muralidhar, and Masato Murakami. "Pinning Force Diagram of The Ternary Superconductor (Nd,Eu,Gd)-123 With Secondary Phase Additions." In Advances in Superconductivity XII, 359–61. Tokyo: Springer Japan, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-66877-0_105.

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Tsukada, Yuhki, Koichi Hasuike, Yoshinori Murata, and Masahiko Morinaga. "Phase Diagram and Precipitation Behaviour in Ni-Rich Region of Ni-Ta-Al Ternary System." In Materials Science Forum, 2329–32. Stafa: Trans Tech Publications Ltd., 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/0-87849-462-6.2329.

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Li, Chao, Hongxu Li, Chuanqi Jiao, Zhiqian Zhang, and Chao Wu. "The Ternary System Thermodynamics of Phase Diagram Analysis of Cerium Rare Earth Oxides in Supercritical Water." In EPD Congress 2013, 151–63. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118658468.ch18.

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Tokunaga, T., N. Hanaya, Hiroshi Ohtani, and Mitsuhiro Hasebe. "Thermodynamic Analysis of the Fe-Mn-P Ternary Phase Diagram by Combining the First-Principles and CALPHAD Methods." In Materials Science Forum, 1899–902. Stafa: Trans Tech Publications Ltd., 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/0-87849-462-6.1899.

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Elliott, R., I. Szleifer, and M. Schick. "A Microscopic Model Calculation of the Phase Diagram of Ternary Mixtures of Cholesterol and Saturated and Unsaturated Phospholipids." In Methods in Molecular Biology, 303–17. Totowa, NJ: Humana Press, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-59745-513-8_20.

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"Ternary Phase Diagram." In Introduction to Phase Diagrams in Materials Science and Engineering, 121–69. WORLD SCIENTIFIC, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/9789811203718_0004.

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West, D. R. F., and N. Saunders. "Reviews and Compendiums of Experimental Phase Diagram Determination, Current Activities in Phase Diagram Determination and Information Regarding Software Packages for the Thermodynamic Calculation of Phase Equilibria." In Ternary Phase Diagrams in Materials Science, 209–14. CRC Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003077213-10.

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Conference papers on the topic "Ternary phase diagram NaF"

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Butt, Darryl P., Terry C. Wallace, Lily L. Wang, and Fred G. Hampel. "Experimental and numerical optimization of the U-ZR-C ternary phase diagram." In Proceedings of the tenth symposium on soacpace nuclear and propulsion. AIP, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.43112.

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Mukayat, Hastinatun, Khairiah Haji Badri, Ismail Ab Raman, and Suria Ramli. "Effect of water content on partial ternary phase diagram water-in-diesel microemulsion fuel." In THE 2014 UKM FST POSTGRADUATE COLLOQUIUM: Proceedings of the Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Faculty of Science and Technology 2014 Postgraduate Colloquium. AIP Publishing LLC, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4895205.

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Toropova, L. V., and D. V. Alexandrov. "Analytical description of the ternary melt and solution crystallization with a non-linear phase diagram." In 2ND INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON CONDENSED MATTER AND APPLIED PHYSICS (ICC 2017). Author(s), 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.5032624.

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Edy Sutjipto, Agus Geter, Anwaruddin Hisyam, Nurjannah Salim, Mohd Hasbi Ab Rahim, Ari Legowo, and Moh Hanafi Ani. "Development of inert ceramic for industrial application based on ternary phase diagram of potassiun oxide-aluminum oxide-silicon dioxide." In 2019 Advances in Science and Engineering Technology International Conferences (ASET). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icaset.2019.8714501.

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Liu, Libin, Cristina Andersson, Johan Liu, and Y. C. Chan. "Thermodynamic Assessment of Sn-Co-Cu Lead-Free Solder Alloy." In ASME 2003 International Electronic Packaging Technical Conference and Exhibition. ASMEDC, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipack2003-35126.

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To select a lead-free solder system, factors such as eutectic/peritectic point, electron negativity, abundance, cost, toxicity of elements, world production capacity, segregation during solidification, possibility to form low melting phases with Pb, among others must be carefully considered. On the basis of thorough analysis of binary phase diagrams of Sn-X-systems (X represents other elements) and the properties of the element X, the Sn-Co-Cu eutectic ternary alloy system has been chosen as a new lead-free solder candidate. In order to find the eutectic point for the Sn-Co-Cu system, the Sn-Co binary system was thoroughly assessed with CALPHAD (CALculation of PHAse Diagram) methods. The ternary phase diagram of Sn-Co-Cu system was extrapolated with the assessed thermodynamic parameters of Sn-Co, Sn-Cu, and Co-Cu system. The eutectic point for L–Sn2Co+(Sn)+Cu6Sn5 is 224.4°C and 0.37%Co and 0.68%Cu and 98.95%Sn.
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Udalov, Yurij P., Igor Poznyak, Jiří Šrank, Petr Sázávaský, Monika Kiselová, Martin Strejc, and Pavel Votava. "Modifications in the Structure of Oxide Corium Melt and Phase Formation During Its Crystallization Caused by Interaction With Sacrificial Concretes of Core Catcher." In 2014 22nd International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone22-31266.

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The article presents the results of the experimental study carried on molten corium and its crystallization products resulted from contact with sacrificial concretes. Experiments were carried out at COMETA installation using induction melting in cold crucible technology in air. The results of the physical-chemical analysis of the examined composite system U4+-U6+-Zr4+-Fe3+-Fe2+-Si4+-Al3+-Ca2+-O2− presented in this paper are based on computational diagram of fusibility of quasi ternary oxide systems. This work was carried out within the framework program KONTAKT-II project, LH12224 “Modeling and investigation of hypothetical non-standard situations at nuclear reactors of new type”, experimental work has been partly supported by the SUSEN Project CZ.1.05/2.1.00/03.0108 (European Regional Development Fund (ERDF)). Recommendations for further investigation are presented in this paper.
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Privat, Romain, Jean-Noe¨l Jaubert, and Michel Molie`re. "Ethanol and Distillate Blends—A Thermodynamic Approach to Miscibility Issues: Part 2—The Influence of Water." In ASME 2011 Turbo Expo: Turbine Technical Conference and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2011-45896.

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In recent years, the quest for sustainable primary energies has increased the potential interest of biogenic/fossil fuels mixes. As an example, ethanol is used as a gasoline extender to both partly substitute hydrocarbons and increase octane number while improving vehicle emissions. In a previous paper (GT2010-22126), it has been shown that ethanol and gasoil are able to blend and form homogeneous solutions only in limited proportion ranges, due to their markedly different physical and chemical properties. However the incorporation of small amounts of water in ethanol dramatically decreases this already narrow miscibility domain. Indeed, in function of the temperature, such ternary mixtures often give rise to liquid-liquid equilibria i.e. to two separated phases that are respectively lipophilic and hydrophilic. A key parameter is thus the Minimum Miscibility Temperature, i.e. the temperature above which ethanol, water and gasoil become completely miscible. On another hand, commercial gasoils do not constitute a single product but display worldwide a large range of compositions that influence the stability of these ternary blends. In this context, an investigation program intended to characterize and predict the stability of ternary ethanol + water + gasoil blends has been carried out by the LRGP laboratory (Laboratoire Re´actions et Ge´nie des Proce´de´s). The approach is based on a thermodynamical, theoretical calculation of the liquid-liquid phase diagrams formed by ethanol, water and a mixture of various hydrocarbons representative of the diesel oil pool using the group-contribution concept. The basic idea is that whereas there are thousands of chemical compounds, the number of functional groups that constitute these compounds is much smaller. The work relies on the experimentally verified theory that a physical property of a fluid can be expressed as the sum of contributions made by molecule’s functional groups, which allows correlating the properties of a very large number of substances in terms of a much smaller number of parameters that represent the contributions of individual groups. This work shows the huge influence exerted by the water content of ethanol on the shape of the liquid-liquid phase diagram and on the value of the Minimum Miscibility Temperature (MMT). As seen in our previous paper, the paraffinic, aromatic or naphthenic character of the fossil fraction, also considerably influences the value of the MMT. Calculations were performed with a water content varying between 1 and 10%. This study concludes that the MMT expressed in kelvins is generally multiplied by two when the water content rises from 1 to 10%.
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Long, Yu, Changhong Zhang, Ning Zhang, Yong Huang, and Xuejun Wen. "Formation of Highly Aligned Grooves on the Inner Surface of Semi-Permeable Hollow Fiber Membrane for the Directional Axonal Outgrowth." In ASME 2005 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2005-81235.

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It is generally believed that organized neural architecture is essential for both nervous system development, function, and regeneration. In the absence of guidance cues, regenerating axons may lose their directions and become misaligned, resulting in the formation of neuromas and/or misappropriate connections. To help regenerate axons across damaged regions and guide them to appropriate targets, some bridging devices such as microgrooves are being intensively researched to achieve a better directional axonal growth. This paper reports a novel fabrication process to generate a highly aligned groove texture on the inner surface of semi-permeable hollow fiber membranes (HFMs). HFMs were shown to be one of the most promising results in guiding axonal regeneration [1]. The fabrication process utilized a wet phase inversion procedure with polyurethane as model polymer, dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) as solvent, and water as nonsolvent. Data indicated that highly aligned groove texture could be formed on the HFM inner surface by carefully controlling phase inversion conditions such as the polymer solution flow rate, and/or nonsolvent flow rate, and/or polymer solution concentration ratio. The texture forming mechanism is qualitatively explained using a polyurethane (PU)-DMSO-water ternary phase diagram and the process dynamics. Axonal outgrowth on the HFM with aligned grooves showed the highly aligned orientation and improved axonal outgrowth length. This study will eventually lead to a new and effective way to engineer nerve grafts based on a highly aligned three dimensional scaffold for the spinal cord injury and nerve damage treatment.
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Chan, K. S., W. Liang, N. S. Cheruvu, and D. W. Gandy. "Computational Design of Corrosion-Resistant Fe-Cr-Ni-Al Nanocoatings for Power Generation." In ASME Turbo Expo 2009: Power for Land, Sea, and Air. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2009-59111.

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A computational approach has been undertaken to design and assess potential Fe-Cr-Ni-Al systems to produce stable nanostructured corrosion-resistant coatings that form a protective, continuous scale of alumina or chromia at elevated temperatures. Phase diagram computation was modeled using the Thermo-Calc® software and database [1, 2] to generate pseudo-ternary Fe-Cr-Ni-Al phase diagrams to help identifying compositional ranges without undesirable brittle phases. Computational modeling of the grain growth process, sintering of voids, and interface toughness determination by indentation, assessed micro-structural stability and durability of the nanocoatings fabricated by a magnetron-sputtering process. Interdiffusion of Al, Cr, and Ni was performed using the DICTRA® diffusion code [3] to maximize the long-term stability of the nanocoatings. The computational results identified a new series of Fe-Cr-Ni-Al coatings that maintain long-term stability and a fine-grained microstructure at elevated temperatures. The formation of brittle sigma phase in Fe-Cr-Ni-Al alloys is suppressed for Al contents in excess of 4 wt.%. Grain growth modeling indicated that the columnar-grained structure with a high percentage of low-angle grain boundaries is resistant to grain growth. Sintering modeling indicated that the initial relative density of as-processed magnetron-sputtered coatings could achieve full density after a short thermal exposure or heat-treatment. Interface toughness computation indicated that Fe-Cr-Ni-Al nanocoatings exhibit high interface toughness in the range of 52–366 J/m2. Interdiffusion modeling using the DICTRA software package indicated that inward diffusion could result in substantial to moderate Al and Cr losses from the nanocoating to the substrate during long-term thermal exposures.
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Gosse´, S., C. Gue´neau, F. Boinski, T. Alpettaz, S. Chatain, and C. Chatillon. "High Temperature Interaction Between UO2 and Carbon: Application to TRISO Particles for Very High Temperature Reactors." In Fourth International Topical Meeting on High Temperature Reactor Technology. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/htr2008-58148.

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For Very High Temperature Reactors (V-HTR), the study of the Uranium-Carbon-Oxygen system is of major importance to predict the high temperature behaviour of the TRISO fuel particle. Firstly, the high level operating temperature of the fuel materials in normal and accidental conditions requires studying the possible chemical interaction between the UO2 fuel kernel and the surrounding structural materials (C, SiC) that could damage the particle. The formation of the gaseous carbon oxides at the fuel (UO2)-buffer (C) interface that leads to the build up of the internal pressure in the particle has to be predicted. Secondly, the U-C-O ternary system is also involved in the fabrication process of “UCO” kernels made of a mixture of UO2 and UC2. For the fabrication of such mixture of uranium oxide and carbide, the phase diagram and thermodynamic properties of the U-C-O system are necessary to investigate in order to perform adequate heat treatments. For both reasons, a new study of the U-C-O ternary system has been undertaken. Firstly, some thermodynamic calculations (equilibrium CO(g) and CO2(g) pressures, phase diagrams) were performed using the thermodynamic FUELBASE database dedicated to generation IV fuels [1]. The results allow representing the different phase equilibria involving carbide and oxicarbide phases at high temperature. They also show the high level of CO(g) and CO2(g) equilibrium pressures above the UO2±x fuel in equilibrium with carbon which could lead to the failure of the particle for high oxygen stoichiometry of the uranium dioxide. In a second step, the partial pressures of CO(g) and CO2(g) resulting from the UO2/C interaction have been measured by high temperature mass spectrometry. Two types of samples were used (i) pellets made of a mixture of UO2 and C powders or (ii) UO2 kernels disseminated in a carbon bed. The kinetic measurements of the release of CO(g) and CO2(g) lead to measured pressures that are lower than the equilibrium pressures predicted from thermodynamic calculations. This discrepancy can be explained by limitations due to distinct kinetic mechanisms. Rates of CO(g) formation have been established taking into account the oxygen stoichiometry of uranium oxide and temperature. The major gaseous product is always CO(g) which release significantly starts at 1473 K. The influence of the different geometries is shown. The limitative kinetic step can be an interface or a diffusion process as a function of the type of sample. These results underline the up most importance of kinetic factors for studying the UO2 / C interaction to determine realistic CO(g) pressure levels inside a TRISO particle or to improve the fabrication process of the “UCO” kernels.
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