Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Territoire et territorialité'
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Fiasson, Arnaud. "Territorialité et nationalisme écossais : le rhizome du sentiment national (1707-2011)." Thesis, Toulouse 2, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017TOU20042.
Full textThe years 1707 and 2011 hold a particular significance in the history of Scottish nationalism. Whereas the union of the kingdoms of Scotland and England gave way to the negotiation of a Scottish identity held within the larger structure of the British State, the victory of the "Scottish National Party" in the parliamentary elections symbolises the rise of a party claiming political independence for Scotland to a position of power. This thesis explores the nature of Scottish national sentiment and its representations while analyzing the role played by the national territory in the construction of nationalist thought. The concept of territoriality developed by Jan Penrose on the concept of rhizome as defined by Gilles Deleuze and Félix Guattari are used in order to demonstrate that harnessing the representations of the Scottish national sentiment spawned two diverging conceptions of the national territory which still shape Scottish national identity
Plaza, Damien. "Territoires et identités du football amateur en Aquitaine." Thesis, Bordeaux 3, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014BOR30053.
Full textThe strong exposure of professional football must not make one forget the existence of the very active practice of amateur football of clubs in Aquitaine. The diffusion of that practice has spread through the whole region for over a little more than a century, in four stages of variable intensity, marked by historic events and changes in the sport. Nowadays, this cycle seems to be coming to an end. Many individual, collective, and institutional parties have been involved in that process of diffusion by dividing and controlling areas, regionally and locally, « to make sports territories ». Ill-defined spaces have been gradually turned into territories connected to the practice, management, and implementation of sports policies. Such process of territorial marking out has lead to different types of relationships between sports groups and their territories. Numerous collective identities based on consciousness, position, cultural perceptions and sense of belonging have made the establishment of football clubs and institutions in territories in proximity easier. Such a form of sports territoriality is nowadays called into question by the different territorial reforms implemented between districts. We are witnessing a re-defining of the relationships between the parties involved in football and the local authorities since amateur football has become an issue for the different local councils's public policies. Territorial reconstruction also affects identities in the numerous clubs which have been merged and are looking for new links and names. Territorial and identity reconstruction are completely changing the traditional amateur football club
Blache, Marianne. "Territoires et identités en Péninsule indochinoise : les Akha et la montagne au Laos." Thesis, Paris 4, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA040148/document.
Full textLaos is a mountainous country with a multiethnic population. Traditionally, there are well-defined spatial discontinuities between those living on the plains and those living in the mountains. The Akha, a group that practices slash’ and burn techniques, illustrates the difference between a spatial culture intimately linked to their mountain roots, and that of the majority Lao-Thai, established in the rice paddies of the plains. The territoriality of these two groups is revealed by two particular spatial configurations, two territorial identities, which have little in common. The identities associated with these two territories have distinct functions: that of the Akha is fluid, reproducible, it is a territory – milieu; while that of the Lao-Thai is relatively fixed, classically attached to places. Today, the identities associated with these territories are part of a modern State, which is trying to build itself along the model of the nation-state. At the same time, the Lao-Thai, who hold the power in the communist regime, have barely considered the mountain regions. The challenges of development give rise to political answers that affect particularly the territorial identities of the mountain people. On one hand, the mountain populations are moved in order to offer easier access to markets and state structures, and on the other hand, the mountain spaces are increasingly exploited for their resources. The creation of a nation seems to be at this developmental price
Lucca, Elena. "La relation humaine culturelle et naturelle dans l'aménagement du territoire : la récolte cachée ou la perception environnementale des espaces." Avignon, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004AVIG1041.
Full textCarrouet, Guillaume. "Du TGV Rhin-Rhône au "Territoire" Rhin-Rhône : réticularité, mobilité et territorialité dans un espace intermédiaire." Phd thesis, Université de Bourgogne, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00838028.
Full textLebon, Lydia. "La territorialité et l’Union européenne : approches de droit public." Thesis, Bordeaux 4, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013BOR40016.
Full textJuxtaposing the concept of “territoriality” and the European Union is a rather original analysis in so far as territoriality is traditionally associated with the State and with sovereignty. The term "territoriality" in itself, despite its "original sin", that is to say its polysemous feature, can be used favourably to reveal the potential of comparing a political system in the making with a State-related principle. Given the changes that the State is undergoing and the development of globalisation and the internationalization of relations, the comparison between “territoriality” and the EU would indicate, at first sight, that the former loses its relevance within the Union. The EU was indeed built upon the removal of borders and the creation of a “unified” territory. The weakening of territoriality is examined in this study which also offers an original, cross-cutting approach to the topic from a public law perspective. The divergence between the legal systems of each nation results in transnational situations and requires new legal approaches which profoundly alter national frameworks. However, the European Union is not an abstract or unreal entity; it is the product of its Member States, based upon the territoriality of these States, which, to a certain extent, bring their own specificities. Consequently, comparing territoriality and the European Union is more complex than a simplistic understanding of the two concepts may imply and leads more to a demonstration of dialectic tension
Bourdeau, Philippe. "Territoire et identité : recherches sur la territorialité d'un groupe professionnel : les guides de haute montagne en France." Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991GRE19003.
Full textFrench mountain guides territoriality is based on a multiform relation between a professional group and its territory. This relation is both symbolic and material, social and spatial, and provides to the group a strong collective identity, witch is inscribes in a two centuries history and in an original professional culture. As a matter of fact, numerous territorial clashes are pointing the importance of the territory as the main indication of this identity
Rothenburger, Catherine. "Enseigner en école rurale : processus identitaires et développement professionnels d’enseignants du premier degré : étude comparative dans quatre pays d’Europe et d’Amérique Latine." Thesis, Lyon 2, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LYO20100/document.
Full textRural schools, associated with many idealized images and nostalgia, have constituted a renewed subject of research since the 1980s, at both the national and international levels. Small rural schools (schools with one or two classes) in France, Spain, Chile and Uruguay have points in common in terms of their organization (multi-year) and the implication of local participants. The immersion of teachers in the rural territory through their professional activity, and their confrontation with a multi-year structure, local culture and the traditions of the rural school tend to upset their professional identity and often damage their “capacity system”(Costalat-Founeau, 1997). This study – undertaken with 43 teachers using qualitative methodology – shows that, as a result, teachers engage in numerous professional and personal activities both directed at the territory and with the territory, on a quest of social validation by the latter. These activities are also intended to quench the teachers’ intellectual curiosity by enabling them to learn about the territory. An imbalance in the “capacity system” and a lack of social validation can lead teachers to turn in on themselves by shutting out the territory. By re-balancing their capacity system, they modify their representation of their own profession; their connection with knowledge, authority and the institution; their educational practices; and thus their whole professional development. They gradually construct a territorialized professional identity and educational offer. This sometimes finds expression in conformity with social expectations, but more often in an integration of local issues into the educational offer
Henry, Gilles. "Des "micro" lieux du territoire du cercle familial et des jeunes : un passage entre le "dedans" et le "dehors"." Thesis, Metz, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009METZ001L/document.
Full textThis thesis focuses on the fact that a minority of young boys aged 13 to 25, make use of «micro territories» close to their family's lodgings. It is based on an empirical research in the department of Moselle. The methodology used is the «symbolic interactionnism». The research data shows that, thanks to this process, youngsters gain a sort of control or property which will then be materialized by territorial signs (or markages) : empty beer bottles, cigarette butts, tags. These «micro territories» host informal but nevertheless social relations for different groups which develop daily during a few months or sometimes several years. The phenomenon is stronger in social housing areas where they become locus for experiencing interactive relations, for resting, between «cosmos and chaos». The author argues that these territories are a passage between the inside, private arena and the outside, public sphere, thus enabling a dynamic where internal and external social interactions emerge, where territorialization and deterritorialization operate depending on
Bouchard, Maxwell. "Genèse et mutations du parc des Laurentides : urbanité, territorialité et l'aménagement de l'espace naturel." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/37733.
Full textConservation and preservation are concepts that historically involve different ideological relationships with nature. The way in which these concepts evolved over time and influenced the management of one of the first parks in Quebec, the parc des Laurentides (1895), is at the heart of this study in historical geography. In 1981, most of the territory of the park was replaced by a réserve faunique (conservation) and two smaller national parks (preservation), which differ by their degree of tolerance of human intervention. This supposes that these two ideologies coexisted within the parc des Laurentides, despite its status as a “national park”. The parc des Laurentides was a government project with the objective of simplifying its space to better understand, control and enhance it, resulting in different spatial representations. Through the analysis of historical maps and annual reports produced by the various departments responsible for managing the park between 1895-1981, the objective of the study is to identify the main representations that the State had of the natural space of the park, and how they influenced its land use planning. With the passing of the Loi sur les parcs in 1977, the various representations identified could no longer coexist within the parc des Laurentides, as together they implied conservation and preservation measures. In a broader context, the historical geography of the Parc des Laurentides ties together two opposite movements of the nature-culture relationship in Quebec that spanned from the end of the 19th century to the 1970s: from the privatization of public forest lands through the establishment of private hunting and fishing clubs, to the democratization of wilderness that resulted in the establishment of the existing outdoor network that benefits a society in search of wilderness.
Esnouf, Jérôme. "Tracer pour traverser ? : enquête sur les origines et les fondements de la frontière politique." Thesis, Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015IEPP0030.
Full textConsidered as arbitrary lines, political borders are today the sign and the model for a brutal and unfair limit. While refusing to distinguish between human groups, we however continue to separate them but on a different manner and according to renewed forms of domination. By suppressing the political dimension of borders, we in fact increase them while creating unprecedented walls and barriers. Our study intends to understand how separating well allows for a better unification. This raises some questions beforehand. Is there a universal and initial meaning to the drawing of any limit on land? Which type of evolution do traditional limits undergo in order to turn into modern borders? What is a border in the fully democratic sense of the term? A border is not a limit because their respective legitimacy does not have the same origin: a limit is based on transcendence whereas a border is self-referential. In the West, formal reason has definitely imposed itself on nature and on the divine. It is then necessary to understand the historical switch from one to the other while studying the successive relations of men to symbol, land and power. On a deeper level, the different ways of containing a social community has always led to a renewed understanding of its possible opening to various forms of freedom, and this up to the theoretical contemporary premises of political cosmopolitanism. Inquiring on the foundations and the origins of any political separation in that sense comes down to track, on an historical and normative level, signs of the concrete universal, the one that opens by closing, and whose ideal is made real by its materialization in space
Lima, Stéphanie. "Découpage entre espaces et territoire : la fin des limites ? : la fabrique des territoires communaux dans la région de Kayes, Mali." Poitiers, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003POIT5021.
Full textThe creation of municipalities, in a context of decentralization, reveals an original process that articulates both bottom-up and top-down approaches. The Malian government designed a partnership that associates the population with the operation of munipalities boundaries setting. The divisions operated are different when the social space is taken into account in the making of "territoires". The division is a mechanism that participates in the "territorialisation" (process of making "territoires"). In Kayes area, lived space is structured by mobility and social networks at different scales, so the action of sharing space is related to the social sphere. Once people's representations of space and spatial practices have been integrated in the making of institutional territories, what appears is that created centralities and emerging delimitations do not correspond with the general territorial model. My PhD. Research focuses on the very nature of these municipalities, that questions the interrelations between the division process, space and "territoire"
Gutierrez, Edgar. "Territoire, saisonnalité et gestion des ressources en Amazonie vénézuelienne." Paris, Muséum national d'histoire naturelle, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005MNHN0055.
Full textEl objetivo de esta tesis consiste en poner en evidencia cómo una comunidad amerindia arawako de la Amazonia venezolana se representa su medio y las prácticas que aplica en la gestión de los espacios y ecosistemas. Los datos reunidos en este trabajo, de carácter interdisciplinario, intentan responder a los distintos tipos de problemas que se plantean en la delimitación de un territorio indígena, en particular con relación a su construcción social. Para eso, esta memoria consagra una primera parte a presentar generalidades sobre el contexto geográfico, ecológico, histórico y cultural del oeste de la Amazonia venezolana donde esta establecida la comunidad autóctona que fue objeto de nuestro estudio. Luego, presenta un cuadro general de vida de los habitantes de La Comunidad, discutiendo brevemente de su pertenencia étnica y los distintos tipos de responsabilidad en la vida social. Su vida religiosa se abordó también, en la medida en que ésta tiene una incidencia sobre la gestión de los recursos naturales. Diversas variables culturales se combinan en la representación que los habitantes se hacen de su territorio y el conocimiento que tienen de éste. En primer lugar, se compiló datos históricos sobre la ocupación del espacio por los habitantes de La Comunidad. Luego se expone la influencia de las variaciones espacio-temporales de los factores hídricos y climáticos sobre el carácter estacional de la disponibilidad cualitativa y cuantitativa de los recursos florísticos y faunísticos, asi como su relación con las actividades productivas. Presentamos a continuación las distintas categorías ecológicas reconocidas por los habitantes en su medio, en relación con la utilización del territorio. Luego se examina la forma en que los habitantes de La Comunidad se representan su territorio y tienen en cuenta las relaciones con los seres espirituales. Por último, se examina el resultado de la representación que se hacen de su territorio, sobre la base de la combinación de todos esos elementos, que conjugan observaciones e imaginario. Terminaremos por una exposición sobre el análisis de distintos derechos de propiedad, de derechos de uso y de modalidades de apropiación del territorio y los recursos, respecto a derechos expresados por la legislación del Estado venezolano. Los dos últimos capítulos se consagran a generalidades sobre la alimentación para, a continuación, examinar en detalle su relación con las distintas prácticas vinculadas a la utilización del medio: la agricultura, la pesca, la caza y la recolección. La conclusión destaca la dificultad de las poblaciones indígenas para hacer corresponder lo mejor posible sus representaciones del territorio que reivindican, donde rigen normas precisas de acceso, con una lógica del Estado venezolano que les es extranjera. La presión exterior sobre su mundo cultural les lleva actualmente a reducir el espacio de producción y extracción de los recursos alimentarios y, por lo tanto, la durabilidad de la agricultura y la transmisión de sus conocimientos, exceptuando los espacios sujetos a la influencia de los seres espirituales
The purpose of this thesis is to show how an Amerindian Arawakan community of the Venezuelan Amazon basin represents itself its environment and the practices that it applies for the management of the spaces and the ecosystems. The data showed in this interdisciplinary work, is an attempt to answer the different questions posed about the delimitation of indigenous people's territories, particularly related to its social structure. The first part of this memory presents an overview of the geographic, historical and cultural context of the west Amazon Venezuelan basin, where the autochthon community object of our research inhabits. Then, a general table of life about the inhabitants of La Comunidad is presented, discussing briefly their ethnic identity and the different types of membership's responsibilities in the social life. Their religious life have been analysed as long as it affects the natural resources management. Several cultural variables are combined in the form the inhabitants use to present their territory and knowledge they have of it. Firstly, we gathered historical data on the occupation of space by the inhabitants of La Comunidad. Then we expose the influence of the space-time variations of the hydrous and climatic factors on of the qualitative and quantitative availabilities of the floristic and animal resources and their relationship to the productive activities. Then, we present the various ecological categories recognized by the inhabitants in their environment related to the use of the territory. Afterwards, we examine the way the inhabitants of La Comunidad represent their territory and take into account the relations with the spiritual beings. Finally, we review the results of the representation they made of their territory, based on the combination of all these elements, conjugating observations and imaginary. We will finish exposing the analysis of the property rights, and the methods of appropriation of the territory and the resources, compared to the rights expressed by the legislation of the Venezuelan Administration. The two final chapters are dedicated to general information related to the food, in order to examine in detail its relationship with the different practices linked to the use of the medium: agriculture, fishing, hunting, and the gathering. The conclusion emphasizes the difficulty of the indigenous populations trying to link, in the best possible way, their representations of their territory, to the precise access rules asserted by the administrative logic of the State, which is foreign for them. This external pressure over their cultural world currently leads them to reduce the space of production and extraction of the alimentary resources and, consequently, the durability of agriculture and transmission of their knowledge, excepting the spaces subjected to the influence of the spiritual beings
Diallo, Mohamadou Mountaga. "Frontières, stratégies d'acteurs et territorialités en Sénégambie. Cas des frontières Sénégal-Gambie et Sénégal-Guinée Conakry." Thesis, Montpellier 3, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014MON30004.
Full textThe object of this thesis is to analyze the processes of construction of territorialities and of cross-border territories. Open major geographic, the border is traditionally defined as the limit of a State territory, the symbol of its sovereignty. The borders Senegal-Gambia and Senegal-Guinea Conakry, who keep this function, create many borders-effects widely exploited by the populations. The social actors and merchants of the border areas of Senegambia, through their various motilities, consecutive to the border-effect connect various locations on both sides. Therefore they create various territories, spaces experienced and owned. The border is here, link and separation. Shared spaces and strong communal solidarities, these cross-border territories are however the object of competitions and conflicts which are today supported by local actors through various initiatives for cross-border cooperation. The strengthening or even the institutionalization of these local initiatives could be done within the framework of cross-border governance involving the various families of actors (local civil society, territorial communities, and the State). This cross-border governance benefits from the ongoing process of decentralization in Senegal, Guinea Conakry and the Gambia and on the other hand, the recent progress made by ECOWAS in the framework of the institutionalization of cross-border cooperation. It could however be hampered by differences of interests and tensions between States, including Senegalese-Gambian
Turc, Jean-Michel. "Territoire, identité et littérature : l'exemple de la Provence de Frédéric Mistral dans Calendal (1867)." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012AIXM3102.
Full textThe study of the places and people described in a literary work enables us to reveal the intensity of the relationship that links people to the place they live in. Through the concept of territory and using software for an automatic analysis of discourse, this research provides a survey of Provence as evoked by Frédéric Mistral in Calendal (1867). A conceptual environment of the country – developed from the definitions of present-time geographers –, helps us to bring out the tangible and intangible components of the provençal territory that the author wished to convey, especially in the late 18th century. In this work, special attention is given to the couples : “appropriation / territorialization” and “identity / territoriality”. From this original approach to the poem and its author, both chosen for their close links to Provence, are born new perspectives for a better understanding of the local pratices of a population attached to a place, at a given period
Allard, Cyril. "Une approche sociologique des processus et conditions d'émergence du sentiment d'appartenance au territoire : l'exemple du pays de Brest." Brest, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004BRES1009.
Full textThe sociological approach of the territory is characterized so much by the tools and methods which it mobilizes that by a glance which takes into account the spatialization of the social reports. Main conceptual categories of sociology like the social classes and age or the cultural groups are particularly lighting to understand the individual and collective reports with the territory. For the sociologist, the human territory is studied by the practices, the uses and the representations of the individuals and social groups. The territory, and the way in which the individuals perceive it, feel it and use it testify to a social structuring in action. It is thus necessary to consider these social, cultural and identify dimensions which intervene in the emergence of the feeling of membership of the territory. The recourse to methods of objectivation will take it possible to reveal the processes which determine the feeling of membership. Thus, a biographical approach put in perspective in its territorial context, associated to a study of the daily mobility inside the country of Brest like revealing of the human territories seems to be indicated. Lastly, a study of the representations of the territory will make it possible to put in parallel the territories objectified by the sociologist and the territories represented by the individuals and the cultural and social groups
Boulineau, Emmanuelle. "Maillages administratifs et gestion du territoire en Bulgarie : une lecture géographique." Phd thesis, Université Panthéon-Sorbonne - Paris I, 2003. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00968379.
Full textPetitet, Sylvain. "Les services publics locaux, territoires et modèles de l'action publique locale." Habilitation à diriger des recherches, Université Lumière - Lyon II, 2001. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00182377.
Full textEstager, Sylvain. "Un objet géographique entre marginalité et territoire : la vigne en Haute-Saône." Thesis, Lille 1, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008LIL10128/document.
Full textStatically, in Haute-Saône, vine growing in today a marginal culture. Nevertheless that region is full of vine prints like micro-parcels for hobby; front trellised vines, vine grower architecture or constructions, feasts, lieux-dits or local dictum in relationship with vine ... Taking ail those vine prints into consideration leads to believe that vine growing is not such a marginal culture. As a matter of fact, vine vestiges or sorne practices of everyday Iife remains to an important vine-producing past. Until the beginning of the XXè century, it used to take an important place in those countries. Vine producing economy's disappearing is often explained as a consequence of phylloxera. ln fact, it is necessary to examine dynamics that leads to a no longer valid production system. Vine growing turns away from commercial production to specialize in subsistence farming production. It is still an essential component of everyday life for those countries' inhabitants. As for as knowhow and practices which have reference to vine are full of remembrance, of things which have been lived through, and of an emotionallink, it enables to built a sort ofidentity for people of this area. At last, this object of study, even if it looks Iike marginal, opens on values of identity, remembrance and territory
Ba, Abdoul Hameth. "Mises en relation et acteurs des recompositions territoriales sahéliennes : le cas du bassin du fleuve Sénégal." Paris 1, 1999. http://books.openedition.org/enseditions/896.
Full textThe law and order is a central factor in the good or the faulty operation of all the economies and all society. The analysis of the public order and disorder become these last years a subject which interest the economists more and more the disorder which threatens the law and order can take two different forms : a civil disorder (individual crime and organized crime) and a political disorder (political violence). The economic analysis shows that to take part in a criminal activity or a revolutionary movement is an act which rises from a rational computation and not an irrational act. In the same way, the operation of the criminal organizations is brought closer more and more with that to the large multinational firms rather than has that of the family groupings of the sicilian mafia. The behavior of the official authorities towards each one of these types of disorders shows that state represent not only supply side but also demand side of order
Obin, Olivier. "Territoires en construction : de la géographie sociale à l'acteur-réseau : une lecture des dynamiques sportives de nature dans les Grands Causses." Phd thesis, Université de Grenoble, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00973203.
Full textVázquez, Fabricio. "D'une périphérie oubliée à des multi-territorialités activées : nouvelles configurations spatiales et économiques dans le Chaco paraguayen." Toulouse 2, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009TOU20011.
Full textThis thesis is a study of the transformation of a region of Paraguay thought of as extremely peripheral and under-populated. The primary goal is to understand the economic actors and strategies involved in these processes of territorial construction, and to link them to specific territorial configurations. The analysis is specifically interested in the major transformations in the use of productive resources in recent years (1998-2008). With its geographical, and more specifically its use of geo-historical and geo-economic, the study was developed within a theoretical framework centered on the concepts of space and territory. Data was gathered through semi-structured interviews with different groups of socioeconomic actors from the region, aimed at understanding the logic of their economic activities, their ties, articulations and different modes of occupying, exploiting and organizing space. In the end, the thesis reveals the conjuncture of social, economic, productive, commercial and integrative transitions that transformed the territorial structure of the Chaco, turning it from a forgotten periphery before 1990, into a group of active and networked territories by 2008. These phenomena were reinforced by the construction of continent-wide corridors for regional physical integration. Through spatial fragmentation and specialization, the Chaco gave way to several Chacos, substantially modifying the territorial configuration of both the region and Paraguay as a whole
Esta tesis se enfoca en el estudio de los procesos de construcción territorial del Chaco, región concebida como hiper periférica y muy poco poblada de Paraguay. El objetivo principal es comprender las estrategias económicas de los actores y de vincularlas a las distintas configuraciones territoriales. Específicamente nos interesamos en analizar las fuertes transformaciones en la ocupación del espacio y el uso de los recursos productivos en los últimos años (1998-2008). Con un enfoque geográfico y dentro de este, geohistórico y geoeconómico, la investigación se realizó con un marco teórico que gira principalmente en torno a los conceptos de espacio y territorio. En términos metodológicos, se aplicaron encuestas semi directivas a los diferentes grupos de actores socioeconómicos de la región para comprender las lógicas de las actividades económicas, los vínculos, las articulaciones y las diferentes formas de ocupar, explotar y organizar el espacio. A lo largo de la tesis demostramos el conjunto de transiciones de índole social, económica, productiva, comercial y de integración que transformaron la estructura territorial del Chaco, pasando de una periferia olvidada, característica que primó hasta 1990, a un conjunto de territorios activados y en red en 2008. Estos fenómenos se refuerzan con la construcción de corredores de integración física a nivel continental. De esta forma, la otrora región del Chaco cede lugar a varios Chacos, surgido por la fragmentación y especialización espacial, modificando sustancialmente la configuración territorial tanto del Chaco como de Paraguay
Herrenschmidt, Jean-Brice. "Territoires coutumiers et projets de développement en Mélanésie du Sud : (Iles Loyauté, Vanuatu, Fidji)." Paris 4, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA040258.
Full textCustom Lands are supposed to bring about the development policies' failure in Melanesia. The link between the Melanesians and their custom territory defines their social identity. Its cosmological basis builds a dualistic representation of the territory thus imagined by the social group as the complementarity of the specific combination of its " root places " and its social-political networks. This ontological and dualistic representation shapes the terrritory's concrete organization : the lineage's localities are strategically laid out and occupied so as to put down roots and give its cohesion, while networks of social relationships spead out in original and complex local and geopolitical configurations, particularly sensible in villages. Yet, the custom territories are experiencing deep changes due to the emergence of new territorial scales, the demographic pressure and the evolution of the agricultural practices, sparking off deep land tenure crises. However, these said land tenure conflicts often hide more political conflicts, in terms of territory rather than space. The land reforms and surveys then face political and territorial stakes and can be instrumentalized by the local protagonists. The history of the Melanesians' integration in a monetary economy system and the modelization of the modern and dependant insular economies relativize the failure of the development policies, and show that the customary actors are politically involved in the development processes, which they aim to adapt according to their dualistic customary representation of their territories
Coulibaly, Baba. "Quelle gestion intégrée du fleuve Niger au Mali ? : Normes, usages, régulations, territorialités locales dans les Communes riveraines des Cercles de Ségou et de Mopti." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013AIXM3085.
Full textThe Niger River is now facing natural and anthropogenic threats; the solution is both in local arbitrage and in international considerations. Its rich history shows a series of regulation and local management logics depending on time and space. The Niger River has been at the center of strategies for local and colonial dominations. These modes of local controls lead more and more place for some more integrated management systems. This research focuses on the governance of the Niger River waters in Segou and Mopti. It aims to understand the dynamics of actors, especially strategies, relationships and interactions of actors around the water in the context of decentralization, but also their perceptions of the River water. The results show the complexity of water governance especially with regard to regulation and the narrow articulations between global and local dynamics. Ignorance and lack of implementation of laws governing the field of water characterize the governance of Niger River. The multiplicity of actors leads to the overlap of roles and potential conflicts of competence. The implementation of the governance involves complex relationships between multiple actors. This complexity returns to issues of territories and territorialities in particular in the interior Delta. Finally, decentralization has encouraged the direct involvement of local stakeholders in the management of local resources. But it has also exacerbated the risk of conflicts between multiple actors, in search of leadership and legitimacy around the river
Pendanx, Marie. "Cultures locales et identités : l’exemple des pays du Sud Sud-Ouest landais (France)." Thesis, Bordeaux 3, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013BOR30021/document.
Full textWithin the framework of globalization and the implicit process of cultural standardization, we are confronted with the paradoxical emergence of local identities and territories - in Aquitaine and beyond - which are supported by original cultural practices or claiming, at least, to be as such. What are the particulars of these local cultures, which often come in a variety of forms in the context of a more or less deep sociospatial recomposition (development of peri-urban et coastal areas) ? To what extent do the confirmation or emergence of these cultures, firmly rooted in local identities and territories, impact on citizenship, country planning and regional development ? How can social realities assert themselves ?On our ground of investigation, the south-west corner of the Landes département bordering the Pays basque and the Béarn, we are in front of society in a state of renewal. Therefore it is convenient to figure out the lines along which the local territory we chose takes shape. Confronted with changing objects full of ideologies and representations, we adopted a combining approach which lies at the heart of a social and humanist geography. Our work of investigation and research has enabled us to show that the local culture of this area is marked both by external influences and its own features. The study of daily life in our area of investigation in the south of the Landes has shed light on the inner components of a whole culture based on living, the sense of the “here” and popular and lively celebrations. Nevertheless these apparent specificities are the outcome of “connections” worked out by increasingly mobile individuals, regardless of the urban or rural context. Local features thus turn out to be permanently under an innovatory process of construction fed by makeshift identity creations
Hoyaux, André-Frédéric. "Habiter la Ville et la Montagne : Essai de Géographie Phénoménologique sur les relations des habitants au Lieu, à l'Espace et au Territoire (Exemple de Grenoble et Chambéry)." Phd thesis, Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 2000. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00007867.
Full textFerjani, Sarra. "Territorialité et changement social chez les celtes du nord-ouest du Bassin parisien entre le VIIe siècle et le Ier siècle avant J.-C." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 1, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA010587.
Full textThis thesis' work follows a number of studies carried on for more than thirty years on the territory during the Iron Age. It focuses on the North-West Paris basin and covers up five centuries of evolution and occupation between the Ha D1 (625 BC) and the LT D1b (90 BC). lt relies on a very rich archaeological documentation supplying a relational database built after a long work of modeling and insertion within an-information system. 3,517 occupations were thus indexed and are divided into functional categories : domestic, funerary, religious and craftsmanship. They also include data linked to regional planning. This work focuses more particularly on the domestic and funerary data. Through the use of identical tools and methodologies based on statistics, spatial analysis and spatial statistics, the goal was to see how each of these categories of sites allowed to transcribe the evolution of the occupation, of the structuration of the territories, and also of the human groups. The question that arose was that of the hierarchy of the sites and, through them, of the society. The hierarchy was approached through a crossover study of fumiture and structures. For the domestic occupations, it was also the occasion to start considering the identification of the numerous activities implemented, which make it possible to characterize the complexity and the richness of the occupations
Mambani, Jean-Bernard. "Aménagement du territoire et maîtrise spatiale : les dynamiques des paysages de la province de la Ngounié (Gabon)." Pau, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PAUU1007.
Full textThe crisis of the Gabonese provinces continues and the quality of the life of the populations does not stop degrading. The politics of land settlement based on the model interventionist and which privileged an absolved centralization from the power gave the territorial disparities. It is spatially translated by a variety of the landscapes. That they are urban, rural or identical, these landscapes offer themselves to the glances of the walkers, the motorists and the researchers who scrutinize them in. For five years, the Gabonese authorities are in search of the ways of making up. They privilege for that purpose, the rotary holidays; they gave to the government the occasion to invest in the various provincial capitals: to restore, modernize and to improve cities. Unfortunately, the realizations are often there - down of the projections and expectations of the government and citizens. This impasse obliged us to look for another way of territorial development. Having summarized the main lines of the construction of the Gabon, the thesis bends over the province of Ngounié. It examines in the light of the notions, concepts and tools (remote sensing, cartography, photo-interpretation) the dynamics of the landscapes of the mentioned province. The thesis proposes “the provincialization” to end in a reasoned and mastered territorial development
Bousquet, François. "L'influence du lien personnel entre l'entrepreneur et le territoire sur l'ancrage territorial des PME." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014BORD0045/document.
Full textTerritorial anchoring is an interdisciplinary subject. It contributes to the endogenous development of the territory and raises strong political and economic issues. For the company, it involves a collective construction of resources that are specific and localized. As such, it is also a managerial challenge.The literature has shown the influence of the personal preferences of the SME's manager on some business choices, particularly those concerning the location of the company. In line with these studies, the aim of our study was to understand the influence of the personal link between the entrepreneur and the territory upon the territorial anchoring of SMEs.We conducted five case studies in an entrepreneurial perspective, mobilizing both the conventions theory and research on proximity. The business model was used as an analytical framework to understand the territorial anchoring of the SMEs observed. The GRS model (Generation Remuneration Sharing) is a conventionalist modelisation of the business model.The findings highlight the effective influence of the link between the entrepreneur and the territory. Territorial anchoring is not always the result of a strategic decision. Links can be emotional, opportunistic, but also ideological. The SME manager appears as a political actor in the territory. The study also showed the diversity of anchoring situations. Anchoring can be established on CSR - Corporate Social Responsibility -, local heritage, and innovation. Finally, it deepens our understanding of how coordination in an anchoring situation is based on combinations of proximities and conventions
Desmouliere, Rémi. "Géographie d'un milieu : propriétaires, chauffeurs et organisations de minibus à Jakarta." Thesis, Paris, INALCO, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019INAL0024.
Full textThis PhD dissertation explores the geography of a particular group of transport operators: the minibus owners, drivers and organizations in the Jakarta metropolitan region. Minibuses are studied as a form of non-centralized transport typified by dispersed vehicle ownership among tens of thousands individuals, and loose work relationships between owners and drivers through the daily rental of the vehicles. This particular configuration of transport supply can be referred to as a milieu, that is a field of uneven positions and power relations embedded in the city. I argue that the spaces and places of the minibus are produced through the territorialization of that milieu. First, this study aims at uncovering its social and spatial structures, starting from the relationship that owners and drivers weave through the use of vehicles. The various levels of the State played a key role in producing the structures of the field, with the twofold purpose of stimulating its growth and controlling it. Yet, this control is exerted through intermediate organizations that tend to centralize power. The second step of this study analyzes the production and dynamics of the minibus territories: routes, neighborhoods and stops. These territories are crafted through the confrontation of the operators’ own territorialities with competing territorialities from other urban actors. Moreover, they are challenged by the rapid pace of urban change under the thrust of metropolization. This context questions the permanence and adaptation of these transport territories
Chiles, Adeleen. "La construction d'une politique publique en faveur des patrimoines et la place des associations locales : Le cas du Parc naturel du Pilat (1974-2014)." Thesis, Saint-Etienne, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015STET2212/document.
Full textBecause the preservation and promotion of cultural heritage and territory Development are part of their missions, the Regional Parks are heritage stakeholders since their inception in the late 1960s. The Pilat territory, labeled among the first in 1974, represents a relevant field to ask for the inclusion of this key issue within the territory project. In addition, a regional park is facing the need that residents appropriate the territory, the latter being a collective output.Under the Syndicat mixte various charters, this work proposes thus to dissect the heritage policy progressive construction and identify changes in the maintained ratio between the Regional Park and local associations, actors at the heart of the heritage process and space appropriation with a dual purpose : both historical and geographical.This study intends, first, to introduce the involved stakeholder: the regional park of Pilat and its community. Then, the demonstration is hinging on the four successive projects of the territory.The methodology is based on written and oral archives’ analysis, field observations, especially thanks to the Search Convention Industrial Training (CIFRE) device and the sociological survey realization
Leon, Gomez Noemi. "Attractivité et identité, liens et enjeux dans la construction d’une métropole : le cas de Mexico (1977–2007) à travers trois exemples de projets d’aménagement." Thesis, Paris Est, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PEST1114/document.
Full textPas de résumé en anglais
Thomassin, Aurélie. ""Des réserves sous réserve" : acceptation sociale des Aires Marines Protégées : l'exemple de la région sud-ouest de l'océan Indien." Phd thesis, Université de la Réunion, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00627993.
Full textCavaillé, Fabienne. "Conflit d'aménagement et légitimités territoriales : recherches sur les identités territoriales des expropriés de l'autoroute A 20." Toulouse 2, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998TOU20003.
Full textThis research concern the question of territoriality and identity. It is based on an expropried rural population experience's (because of a highway construction's). The conflictual situation and the elaboration of revendications offer a specific context to analyse how territoriality is used as physical and symbolical bases for individual and collective identities. The analysis of individual representations permit to find structuring categories of territoriality : property, patrimony, autochthony, and a territorial principle animating these categories: the territoriality as the institution of the "conflit-pour-l'échange". The fundamental question is about territoriality as the mainly principle sustaining a democratic political community. Concretely, which legitimations for the participation of populations in country planning and environment protection could be at the origin of a new i citizenship
Fernandez, Camaño Suzanne. "Lectures croisées des figures de l'infirme et de son territoire dans trois films de David Lynch : Eraserhead (1976), the Elephant man (1980), the Straight story (1999)." Toulouse 2, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009TOU20058.
Full textThe disabled body in David Lynch's cinema mirrors the paradox which exists between the figure of the cripple and the notion of aesthetics, between the sacred and the profane, between predestination and free will. It calls for questioning. It's an interface. The disabled body becomes an artistic motif, particularly in painting. The film discourse as far as the crippled body is concerned must also be understood as a religious one in which the image and the word are opposed in the tradition of a reformed reading of the Bible. In this argument, the cripple's destiny appears in all its raw reality ; her destiny embodies the space-time reality of society. Territory is seen symbolically as the space in which the cripple's own project can be realised. The town is a place of perdition whereas the country embodies the biblical grandeur which welcomed the first settlers. In this opposition, the labyrinth can be studied as a figure of speech in the narrative : a protective space which can also be seen as a place of confinement. The heroes and antiheroes in Lynch's works are imbued with values inherited from a triple tradition : the omeric, the Judeo-Christian as well as that inspired by American history. In this history, their notion of territory is to be seen as a place for socialisation. The relationship between space and the cripple raises the issue of his/her integration into the world. And the relationship of the cripple to the world can be read in the light of the argument opposing creationism and Darwinism, two theories which lead to accepting the other in all his/her difference. The three films broach this question and Lynch gives a different answer in each
Gohourou, Florent. "Migrations internationales et territorialisations : les français dans la ville d'Abidjan (Côte d'Ivoire)." Thesis, Poitiers, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013POIT5002.
Full textA city model based on the segregation between the European and the African populations was imposed by the French Colonial authorities to the villages of Grand-Bassam (1834), Bingerville (1899) and Abidjan (1934).Some areas of these three territories recall today some coat of arms which signification is necessary to be grasped in comparison with the previous French areas history within the colonial town planning scheme. The changes which have occurred since then should be studied in a sociopolitical crisis environment. Through this study, we intend to understand the meaning and the territorial scope of such changes in the Ivorian society. This study is developed on the basis of an epistemological approach to the problem which Geography could forecast in these spaces where the French Expatriates in Cote D'Ivoire have original relationships. It turns out that the Marcory commune chiefly in its areas (Marcory résidential, Biétri and Zone 4), is one of the places of the French territoriality in Abidjan. Through this research, we propose a synchronic reading of the various forms under which the space is marked by the French. The reading of this marking consist in how the French appropriate these spaces by implementing a specific security system in the one hand and by creating leisure spaces and social relationships in the other hand .The French Government, through the creation of a French School System, a Social Protection System and an actual budget if not a law one (programme151),also makes its marks in these spaces .In so doing the French community leaves the impression of an ‘‘Overseas French decentralized territorial collectivity''
Coulibaly, Fatoumata. "RECOMPOSITION DES TERRITOIRES POLITIQUES ET GOUVERNANCE URBAINE : LE CAS DE LA VILLE DE BAMAKO (MALI)." Phd thesis, Université de Rouen, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00846020.
Full textKim, Kyung Sook. "L'invention de l'environnement en Corée : mobilisation sociale et régulation autour de l'aménagement du territoire à Saemankum." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014STRAG005/document.
Full textSaemankum as a natural environment is a rural area with many rich resource that the government decided to develop and urbanize in the early 1990s. The implementation of this land policy has led to changes in the social environment and created a conflict between supporters and opponents of the project facing the question of which local mode of development would be most suitable. Eco-territorial issues can be analyzed as a set of interactions between public policy and the practice of fishing area. This is in the context of a power relationship. That means to describe the compatibility between rationality at work in this project, taking into account both the regionalization of environmental practices, on the other hand, political and growth objectives of stakeholders. How the idea of democratic governance was born? In which way the model of a sustainable development has emerged as a unifying element in the regulation of coastal areas uses? In short, this research is defined as a study of the social relations within the territorial system as we have seen in the actors’ strategies through the recent developments in the administration of the country
Pendanx, Marie. "Cultures locales et identités : l'exemple des pays du Sud Sud-Ouest landais (France)." Phd thesis, Université Michel de Montaigne - Bordeaux III, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00976337.
Full textPascal, Benjamin. "DE LA « TERRE DES ANCÊTRES » AUX TERRITOIRES DES VIVANTS : Les enjeux locaux de la gouvernance sur le littoral sud-ouest de Madagascar." Phd thesis, Paris, Muséum national d'histoire naturelle, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008MNHN0009.
Full textFollowing in-depth rethinking of the renewable resources management, local governance is now the subject of growing interest among the administration and scientific communities. Our study tackles this wide issue, in particular by using empirical data collected on the southwestern Malagasy coast. Detached from the prescriptive aspects (through the notion of “good governance”), we see that this concept covers a particularly interesting analytical dimension. This involves considering the dynamic processes of elaboration and interaction that are established between several types of actors and institutions involved in the management and use of the same space. In view of the complexity of these processes, I will then explore the links between local governance and territoriality of the actors. Locally, the effects of the exogenous interventions are then analysed from the angle of territorial dynamics
Sougué, Edmond. "Nouvelles territorialités urbaines transfrontalières en Afrique de l’Ouest : processus d’émergence et de construction." Thesis, Toulouse 2, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016TOU20050/document.
Full textThe borders are becoming the subject of recent attentions in the world. In Europe the issue of openness and integration seemed completely solved with Schengen agreement. But, migrant crisis recalled the need of borders controls. In West Africa, integration is building. The problem of migration reminds how border, a geographic, political and institutional subject, can divide or connect spaces. This thesis studied the dynamics that transcend the borders and that participate in cross-border territorial creation. It has proven that towns and borders become more relevant in geography and spatial planning to understand cross-border territorial systems. The socio-cultural relationship, informal cooperation between local actors, the cross-border trade and the daily cross-border migration are the fundamentals of this transboundary system. Border towns are carriers of this dynamic by creating nodes of networks and by interconnecting spaces. They emit, receive and make transit cross-border flows. Local cross-border cooperation’s initiatives observed in West Africa are based on these elements. So, these cross-borders cooperations constitute a form of bottom up territorialisation. The thesis also shows that institutional policies (regional integration, decentralization, national border policies) have mixed responses on strengthening borders processes. However, security issues reinforce the situation in some border areas becoming fully refuge spaces
Rannou, Gaël. "Les constructions territoriales des supporters du Paris-St-Germain : jeux d'identité et enjeux de placement au sein d'un monde sécuritaire." Thesis, Bordeaux 3, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020BOR30037.
Full textThis geography thesis has two objectives. Using a microgeographic method, this work will show, in the first step, that the identity of ultras and hooligan supporters is built in relation to other actors (supporters' collectives, police, club managers) and by mobilization of spatial referents. In a second step, this work will show why and how this identity is fought by the institutional actors namely the public authorities, the authorities of football and the clubs. On the one hand, these supporters build territories collectively and their place within them individually. To be a member of the collective, supporters must build their place which is articulated between the quest for a social position and characteristic locations linked to this way of supporting. The locations are situated in places appropriate by the collective and these places symbolize the territory of the latter. On the other hand, this territory is violently defended by these ultras supporters and hooligans. For them, this violence is a game and a code applicable in their social world. So, It is the territorial and conflicting dimension of this identity that is problematic for institutional agents. In a world of football that would be exemplary of the excesses of over-modernity; the challenge of this thesis is to interrogate the place of ultras and hooligan supporters in this world which they designate as "modern" and in what way its security dimension reveals the paradoxes of this modernity
Holguín, González Óscar Francisco. "La reterritorialisation du littoral mexicain, le cas de la péninsule de la Basse Californie." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015USPCA049/document.
Full textAfter the territorial disaster Mexico suffered during the nineteenth century, the Mexican legislature imposed a series of tough restrictions on the possession and ownership of real estate both on coasts and borders. These restrictions are stated in the Article 27 of the Political Constitution of the Mexican United States. This Article stipules that no foreigner can have direct ownership of land in a strip comprising fifty kilometers from the shoreline and one hundred kilometers from the border. Historically, however, foreign ownership in restricted zones has been tolerated and even encouraged through legal mechanisms such as the Trust for Real Estate in the Restricted Zone and through Corporations. As a result of this, now, the Mexican coast, particularly in the peninsula of Baja California, is in a process of re territorialization. During this process, the land becomes property of foreigners and the coasts become Zone of Exclusion. Through an interdisciplinary study, we will try to understand the effects that this process has on the peninsular society and the evolution of the North -South migration phenomenon that occurs in Mexico
Tras los desastres territoriales que México sufrió durante el siglo XIX, el legislador mexicano impuso una serie de fuertes restricciones a la posesión y propiedad de bienes inmuebles tanto en costas como en fronteras. Estas restricciones se encuentran señaladas en el artículo 27 de la Constitución Política de los Estados Unidos Mexicanos, en donde se estipula que ningún extranjero podrá tener dominio directo de la tierra en una franja que abarca cincuenta kilómetros a partir de la línea costera y cien kilómetros a partir de la línea fronteriza. Sin embargo, históricamente la propiedad extranjera en zona restringida ha sido tolerada e incluso fomentada a través de mecanismos jurídicos como el Fideicomiso de Bienes Inmuebles en Zona Restringida y las Sociedades Mercantiles, de tal manera que actualmente el litoral mexicano, en particular el de la península de Baja California, se encuentra en un proceso de reterritorialización al pasar cotidianamente a manos de extranjeros y convertirse las costas en zona de exclusión. A través de un estudio interdisciplinario se intentarán comprender los efectos que este proceso tiene sobre la sociedad peninsular así como la evolución del fenómeno migratorio Norte-Sur que se presenta en México
Vandenbroucke, Perrine. "Transformation de l’unité de production agricole d’une exploitationsectorielle à une exploitation agricole territoriale. : Exploitations agricoles, agriculteurs et territoires dans les Monts du Lyonnais et en Flandre intérieure de1970 à 2010." Thesis, Lyon 2, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013LYO20004/document.
Full textWhile the sectoral model of farm system instituted in France in the 1960s is in question, andwhile relationships between farmers and others local stakeholders intensify on land sharing matters, environmental issues, quality and food; this thesis is organized on the working hypothesis of the territorialization of farm system. This suppose that the future of farm systems increasingly lies on interactions between farmers and local stakeholders, which drives to changes of the scenes where are negotiated access to production factors, market positions and agricultural practices. The demonstration lies on the principles of rural geography, sociology and institutional economics in order to analyze the emerging arrangements between farm systems and territories in situations of collective action, public action or conflicts. The thesis consists in a diachronic analysis of links between farmers, farm systems and territories for the period 1970 – 2010 at the scale of two small regions, Monts du Lyonnais and the French part of Flanders region. The differences between a dairy mountainous region and a periurban and agro-industrial region reveal the contrasted patterns of the territorialization of farm systems according to agrarian history and sociopolitical context. It appears from this analysis the role ofidentities for action and political capacities of farmers. Three ideal types of farm systems, distinct in their market position and socio-technical networks, enable us to think about the stakes of their territorialization for public policies
Ba, Abdoul Hameth. "Acteurs et territoires du Sahel : rôle des mises en relation dans la recomposition des territoires /." Lyon : ENS éd, 2007. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb41203504f.
Full textRahali, Bachir. "Horizons nomades ; perspectives d’un système et recomposition des territoires. Cas des steppes sud-oranaises de l’Algérie occidentale." Thesis, Paris 4, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA040207.
Full textFrom the example of the steppes of South Oran, we tried to demonstrate a model of nomadic space practice and its evolution through time, with its own visible and substantial consequences in a portion of Algerian’s space. The relation between nomads and their space settled in a specific meaning system. Its history, career, experiences, values and imaginations… in short, a culture of its own is arise from that relation, which by interfering with the features and advantages of the natural environment rise to a landscape. However, the nomadic society and its mode of space’s use and adaptation have been restructuring since the last thirty years. This restructuration has caused several mutations in their way of life and led to the reconstruction of ancestral territories. The settlement remains an essential element of those changes which impact on space. Although nomadism continues, it turns into other form and other tools. Can we speak of an adaptation or a residuality leading to decadence and ending with a loss? The Nomad’s perceived lived and represented space, is it taken into account in the management and development environment/territory? This identified, the south Oran nomadic society can serve as an illustration to evoke some process common to many cultures, or to compare it with other societies, such as hunter-gathers, others nomads facing an alien culture and powerful models
Ballot, Pierre-Louis. "Identité de la route vs identité des territoires : formes et échelles de la patrimonialisation et de l'appropriation d'un axe fonctionnel national : analyse appliquée à la route nationale 7." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020GRALH005.
Full textThis thesis aims to contribute to the renewal of approaches to the road in the social sciences. Considering the relationship between networks and territories through the prism of cultural geography, it aims to show that the road is not only a means of travel, but is also endowed with meanings for its users and the territories it crosses. The hypothesis is that the road constitutes a dimension of territoriality, and leads to the construction of a "mobile territoriality", which apprehends mobility as a factor in the constitution of territories and territorialities. The thesis considers the case of the French national roads, which have long been among the country's main communication axes, and which since the 1990s have been the subject of heritage interest. These roads are no longer considered only in their functional dimensions, but also in their symbolic dimensions. The research focused on the national road 7 (RN7), which over 996 kilometres links Paris to Menton (Alpes-Maritimes). These territoriality/mobility relationships are studied in the collective action of territorial actors on the one hand, and in the individual practices of road users on the other. Entering through heritage enables a multiscalar approach to be taken, by considering successively the construction of the RN7 as a heritage object, the forms of collective mobilisation of the road object, its actors (associations, museums and local authorities), its values and its territorial objectives, and then the appropriation made by users. The use of qualitative survey methods leads first of all to the observation that the construction of heritage on the NR7 is based on criteria of different natures, at once societal, historical and geographical. These criteria are then reinterpreted and reappropriated by the territories through the heritage actions put in place. The understanding of NR7 as a heritage object and its mobilisation as a tool for promoting territories leads to consubstantial forms of relationship between NR7 and territories. Finally, an analysis of the experience of the NR7 among local residents, road drivers and tourists shows that the road is a dimension of their territoriality, whether it is appropriate in its heritage or functional dimensions, and that its practice is generally a matter of personal choice and strategies. This thesis thus makes it possible to characterize the place of the road in the construction of a "mobile territoriality", by underlining, on the one hand, the meaning it can give to territories, and, on the other hand, the inseparable link it maintains with territories in order to acquire meaning itself
Rouvière, Laetitia. "A la frontière de l'Etat : gouvernement et territorialités aymaras au Chili." Thesis, Grenoble, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012GRENH037/document.
Full textHow are the borders redefined by the “territorialities” which cross them? Which actors use these cross-border territorialities? What room is left to the state, when the local authorities living on the border refer to an indigenous culture, which preexisted to the nation, to (re)build a territory? The recent dynamics of the Aymara cross-border co-operation between Chile, Peru and Bolivia question the political and territorial reconfigurations which affect a fundamental state institution: the border. This doctoral thesis analyzes the cross-border public policies led by Aymaras rural mayors, according to a long-term approach of the construction of the Chilean state. By comprehending the state through its political, social and territorial peripheries, we study the networks of actors who take part in the transformations of the governance of the territory. The permanence of political and administrative actions on the border on one hand, the uses of inherited institutional roles on the other, show that beyond its alleged weakening, the state is paradoxically strengthened, through a complex securitization process of a diplomatically disputed cross-border area
Bainée, Jonathan. "Conditions d’émergence et de diffusion de l’automobile électrique : une analyse en termes de "bien-système territorialisé"." Thesis, Paris 1, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA010079.
Full textThis PhD thesis aims to assess the features of the « window of emergence » of the contemporary electric car and thus, raises both theoretical and industrial issues. This work belong to the evolutionary economics and, more specifically, is structured around the multilevel perspective (Geels, 2002), from which it forms an application but also an extension. In the multi-level framework, we understand the emergence of the electric car as the non-linear transition from a socio-technical system based on a conventional internal combustion car to a new socio-technical system based on the electromobility. More specifically, we speak of electromobility systems, because we understand the electric car as a « territorialized systemgood ». A system-good mostly because its range is constrained by access to charging infrastructure and because of the storage performance of its batteries. A territorialized systemgood especially because the travel of users are deeply anchored in the territories, including in their temporality. The major milestones are to identify the techno-economical weakness of the emergence of the electric car and to derive four typical forms of emergence. Our main result is to identify channels, the sequences and the vectors of emergence and spread of the electric car and, more generally, of territorialized system goods
Moalla, Mehdi. "La différenciation des produits et services touristiques par la qualité et le territoire : une application aux services touristiques et environnementaux territorialisés." Grenoble 2, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005GRE21027.
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