Academic literature on the topic 'Terrorisme international'
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Journal articles on the topic "Terrorisme international"
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Penny, Christopher K. "De-Conflicting Canada’s Anti-Terrorism Legislation: Khawaja and the Ongoing Challenges of the ‘Armed Conflict’ Exclusion." Windsor Yearbook of Access to Justice 27, no. 2 (October 1, 2009): 403. http://dx.doi.org/10.22329/wyaj.v27i2.4533.
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The definition of ‘terrorist activity’ is fundamental to Canada’s anti-terrorism legislation. Following the recent trial of Momin Khawaja before the Ontario Superior Court of Justice, it is clear that the ‘armed conflict’ exclusion – exempting wartime activities undertaken in accordance with international law – poses serious challenges to the coherence of this legislative regime, threatening the effectiveness of future domestic terrorism prosecutions. This article examines the ‘armed conflict’ exclusion and its judicial treatment in Khawaja, identifying key challenges and making specific recommendations to address them. Coupled with other issues arising from the ‘armed conflict’ exclusion, Khawaja serves to highlight a clear and pressing need for amendment of the statutory definition of ‘terrorist activity.’La définition d’ « activité terroriste » est un élément fondamental de la législation canadienne contre le terrorisme. Suite au récent procès de Momin Khawaja devant la Cour supérieure de justice de l’Ontario, il est clair que l’exclusion « conflit armé » - qui fait exemption d’activités en temps de guerre entreprises conformément au droit international – présente des défis importants à la cohérence de ce régime législatif, menaçant l’efficacité de poursuites contre le terrorisme au Canada à l’avenir. Cet article examine l’exclusion « conflit armé » et le traitement juridique que l’on en fait dans Khawaja, identifiant des défis-clés et faisant des recommandations précises pour en traiter. En conjonction avec d’autres questions que soulève l’exclusion « conflit armé », Khawaja sert à mettre en évidence un besoin clair et pressant de modification à la définition statutaire d’ « activité terroriste ».
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Guy, Jean-Philip. "Terrorisme international et marchés de violence." Canadian Journal of Political Science 39, no. 3 (September 2006): 698–700. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0008423906279976.
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Terrorisme international et marchés de violence., Kalulambi Pongo, Martin et Landry, Tristan, Québec : Les Presses de l'Université Laval, Collection Nord-Sud, 2005, 144 p.La science politique : cette locution semble parfois prendre des allures d'oxymore. Dans le contexte actuel, la recherche et les écrits sur le terrorisme sont parfois plus politiques que scientifiques. Le problème est important : comment étudier scientifiquement, cette catégorie si polémique de “ terroriste ”? Martin Kalulambi Pongo et Tristan Landry s'intéressent pourtant au “ scientifique ” de la question. Dans Terrorisme international et marchés de violence, Kalulambi, professeur associé au département d'histoire de l'Université Nationale de Colombie à Bogota, et Landry, professionnel de recherche à l'Université Laval, tentent d'atteindre deux objectifs. Premièrement, ils dégagent des constantes dans les diverses guerres civiles à l'aide de la théorie des “ marchés de violence ”. Deuxièmement, ce qu'ils ont découvert les aide à montrer les failles tant dans l'étude de ces conflits, que dans la lutte contre-terroriste elle-même. Leur analyse démontre qu'au-delà des diverses motivations idéologiques, ces conflits perdurent grâce à une logistique rationnelle centrée sur les intérêts des acteurs en place. Les auteurs montrent en outre que ces conflits sont aussi des moteurs du terrorisme international.
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KABWITA, Rigobert. "DU MENAGE DU POLITIQUE, DU RELIGIEUX ET DU MILITAIRE DANS LE TERRORISME ISLAMISTE." Revue Intelligence Stratégique 01, no. 01 (July 1, 2018): 1–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.62912/fqps4419.
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Des Esséniens aux Assassins, des Anarchistes aux Nihilistes, des mouvements vandales aux inconditionnels du Ku Klux Klan…, des groupes semant la terreur dans les sociétés anciennes et modernes ont fait du chemin et existent depuis la haute antiquité. Mais de là à trouver des organisations irréductiblement terroristes, il a fallu attendre le concours de plusieurs événements de la fin du XXe siècle accompagnant la mondialisation, tremplin de toutes formes de circulations, y compris de l’idéologie terroriste. On peut s’en douter, l’internationalisation du terrorisme islamiste se revendique d’une structuration à la fois politique, religieuse et militaire : c’est aussi à la fois un nœud gordien pour l’Occident qui serait alors sa principale cible, mais surtout un cauchemar pour les sociétés musulmanes, premières victimes d’un combat politique sur fond d’application de la charia (la loi islamique) tout en usant des moyens militaires plutôt affreux et hautement spectaculaires. Nul dans le monde actuel ne peut ignorer la fulgurance des organisations islamistes déterminées à en découdre avec les « mécréants et les infidèles » par la seule voie de leur convenance : le terrorisme international.
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Coombes, Karinne. "Balancing Necessity and Individual Rights in the Fight Against Transnational Terrorism: “Targeted Killings” and International Law." Windsor Yearbook of Access to Justice 27, no. 2 (October 1, 2009): 285. http://dx.doi.org/10.22329/wyaj.v27i2.4529.
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This article explores the restraints international human rights law and international humanitarian law place on a State’s use of lethal force against suspected terrorists. Although the law restricts the ability to target suspected terrorists, it is argued that these limits should be respected in order to protect innocent civilians from undue harm. Under IHRL, it is argued that the right to life as a peremptory norm restricts extra-territorial targeted attacks of suspected terrorists. Accordingly, such action should only be considered lawful when it is necessary to protect the State’s population from a known threat and lesser force would not suffice. Under IHL, it is argued that there is no third category of “unprivileged” or “unlawful” combatants who are subject to lawful targeting for the duration of the hostilities; rather, non-State actors who participate in an armed conflict may be lawfully targeted for the duration of their participation, including an ongoing chain of hostile acts.Cet article explore les contraintes qu’imposent les lois internationales sur les droits de la personne ainsi que le droit international humanitaire à l’utilisation de force létale par un État contre des personnes soupçonnées de terrorisme. Quoique la loi limite l’habileté de cibler des personnes soupçonnées de terrorisme, on soutient que ces limites devraient être respectées afin de protéger les civils innocents contre des préjudices injustifiés. En rapport avec les LIDP, on soutient que le droit à la vie comme norme péremptoire limite les attaques extra-territoriales ciblées contre des personnes soupçonnées de terrorisme. Conséquemment, on ne devrait considérer de telles actions comme légitimes que si elles sont nécessaires pour protéger la population de l’État contre une menace connue et qu’une force moindre ne suffirait pas. En rapport avec le DIH, on soutient qu’il n’existe pas de troisième catégorie de combattants «non privilégiés» ou «illégitimes» que l’on peut cibler légitimement pendant la durée des hostilités; plutôt, les acteurs non étatiques qui participent à un conflit armé peuvent être ciblés légitimement pendant la durée de leur participation, y compris une série d’actes hostiles en cours.
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Fitzgerald, Gerald F. "Aviation Terrorism and the International Civil Aviation Organization." Canadian Yearbook of international Law/Annuaire canadien de droit international 25 (1988): 219–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0069005800003180.
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SommaireL'acceptation quasi-universelle des Conventions de Tokyo, de La Haye et de Montréal constitue un élément important de la lutte contre le terrorisme aérien. L'OACI met l'accent sur la mise en oeuvre plus étendue de ces Conventions, soit par la soumission des États aux obligations prévues par leurs dispositions, soit par l'adoption et l'application de législations nationales appropriées. Le développement d'un protocole portant sur la répression des actes illicites dans les aéroports desservant l'aviation civile internationale comblera un vide grave dans la Convention de Montréal, laquelle ne vise pas les actes de terrorisme commis dans les aires d'attente.L'OACI s'occupe activement du développement des politiques en matières de protection de l'aviation civile internationale contre les attaques terroristes. Lors de son Assemblée de ig86, elle a adopté par consensus unanime une résolution consolidée à cet égard.L'amendement récent de l'Annexe ij de la Convention de Chicago a élevé un bon nombre de Pratiques Recommandées au niveau de Normes et a introduit de nouvelles dispositions sur la sécurité.En juin 1986, le Conseil de l'OACI a adopté une clause-type sur la sécurité de l'aviation qui pourrait être incorporée dans les accords bilatéraux de transport aérien régissant l'échange mutuel de droits de trafic. Une telle clause aidera à l'application des conventions portant sur la sécurité aérienne aussi bien qu'à l'application des Normes et Pratiques Recommandées de l'OACI relatives à ce sujet.L'enjeu de la lutte contre le terrorisme aérien exige rien de moins qu'une vigilance suivie de la part des forces de l'ordre. L'OACI joue un rôle très important dans cette lutte.
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Minatchev, Andrei, and Jacques Lévesque. "L’identité et la sécurité de la Russie." Études internationales 35, no. 1 (June 8, 2004): 49–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/008447ar.
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Résumé La guerre de Tchétchénie, les défis qu’elle pose à l’identité de la Russie en tant qu’État multinational et fédéral, de même que les explications du conflit tchétchène que se donnent les dirigeants russes, influencent de façon aussi nette que remarquable la lecture qu’ils font des crises internationales et des menaces qu’elles font peser sur la sécurité de leur État. Ainsi, l’action militaire des États-Unis et de l’otan contre la Serbie en 1999 est ressentie par le pouvoir russe, comme particulièrement dangereuse et menaçante dans la mesure où elle était vue comme un soutien au séparatisme kosovar expliqué comme l’oeuvre d’un mouvement terroriste minoritaire soutenu par des réseaux terroristes islamistes internationaux. Dans le même sens, les réactions américaines aux attentats du 11 septembre 2001 sont perçues comme un réveil tardif aux mises en garde russes et aux dangers du terrorisme international et du fondamentalisme musulman et expliquent dans une large mesure le soutien donné aux États-Unis par la Russie dans la guerre d’Afghanistan.
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Delbecque, Éric. "L’entreprise à l’épreuve du terrorisme international." Sécurité et stratégie 28, no. 4 (2017): 30. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/sestr.028.0030.
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Emanuelli, C. "Faut-il parler d’une “guerre” contre le terrorisme?" Canadian Yearbook of international Law/Annuaire canadien de droit international 46 (2009): 415–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0069005800009620.
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SommaireHuit ans après les évènements du 11 septembre 2001, la “guerre” contre le terrorisme perdure dans différentes parties du monde. Toutefois, en soi l’expression “guerre contre le terrorisme” perd du souffle. Les raisons en sont essentiellement politiques, mais l’évolution relance le débat sur la qualification juridique de la lutte contre le terrorisme. Après un examen des arguments pour et contre la “guerre” contre le terrorisme, la présente étude envisage la position du droit international. Elle conclut que les mêmes principes fondamentaux s’appliquent quels que soient les termes employés et le système juridique applicable à la lutte contre le terrorisme.
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Dubuy, Mélanie. "Le Conseil de sécurité, le terrorisme international et la gangstérisation." Questions internationales N° 125, no. 3 (July 1, 2024): 93–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/quin.125.0093.
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Gangstérisation et terrorisme entretiennent des liens étroits. Depuis la création de l’Organisation des Nations Unies, plusieurs de ses organes et instruments juridiques ont été consacrés à la lutte contre les multiples aspects de la criminalité internationale. Le système de sécurité collective de l’ONU, dont le Conseil de sécurité est la cheville ouvrière, est également au cœur de la lutte contre le terrorisme international. Les nombreuses résolutions du Conseil de sécurité, adoptées notamment après les attentats du 11 septembre 2001, ont visé tant à la prévention et à la répression de ce fléau qu’à encourager la coopération entre États. Son action a toutefois été critiquée, notamment au regard du respect des droits de l’homme .
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نوار, شهرزاد. "الإرهاب الدولي وأسلحة الدمار الشامل : أشكال جديدة للإرهاب = Terrorisme International et Armes de Destruction Massive : Nouvelles Formes de Terrorisme = International Terrorism and Weapons of Mass Destruction : New Forms of Terrorism." التواصل, no. 45 (March 2016): 8–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.12816/0039906.
Full textDissertations / Theses on the topic "Terrorisme international"
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Padovani, Jean-Pascal. "Terrorisme et droit pénal." Nice, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001NICE0043.
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Le terrorisme est une notion kaléidoscopique, protéiforme, rassemblant une multitude de critères politiques, économiques, sociaux, philosophiques. Difficile est donc pour les pays en proie à ce mal sans visage de légiférer. En outre, les Etats, n'ayant pas souffert de ce fléau des temps modernes de la même manière, en font une analyse qui diffère et qui ne tend pas à l'élaboration d'une incrimination commune. Or seule cette incrimination commune peut permettre une répression efficace contre le terrorisme qui s'internationalise, au travers de la mise en œuvre de moyens de lutte judiciaires et policiers à l'échelle régionale et internationale. Le terroriste se déplaçant et utilisant l'ouverture des frontières pour frapper ses victimes indistinctement à travers le monde, la coopération intergouvernementale exige que chaque nation soit solidaire des autres et renonce partiellement à sa souveraineté pour participer, au travers des textes internationaux, à l'élaboration d'un jus cogens du terrorisme, fondé notamment sur la reconnaissance des principes de l'extradition automatique et de la dépolitisation de l'infraction terroristeTerrorism is a kaleidoscopic notion, multifaceted, gathering a multitude of political, economical, socials, philosophical criterions. Difficult is so for all these countries tormented by this world-weariness to legislate. Furthermore, states, not having suffered from this modern scourge in same way, analyse it differently, analysis that not aim for development of common incrimination. Yet only this common incrimination can allow an effective repression against terrorism that become international, through implementation of legal and police means of fight regarding to the international and regional level. Terrorism moving and using frontiers 's opening in order to strike victims indistinctly all over the world, intergovernmental cooperation, through an international solidarity between countries, needs that each nation give up partially sovereignty to participate, through international treaties, to the drawing up of terrorism 's jus cogens, based notably on recognition of automatic extradition principles and depoliticisation of terrorist act
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Ghedamsi, Mohamed Alaeddine. "Terrorisme et tourisme international à l'ère de la globalisation." Thesis, Toulouse 1, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018TOU10042.
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Entre 1970 et 2017 le terrorisme a frappé 180 000 fois dans le monde. Il devient l’un des défis sécuritaires majeurs de notre époque. Ce phénomène n’a épargné aucun territoire ni aucune cible, notamment le tourisme. L’important essor du tourisme international se confronte chaque jour davantage à l’ascension du terrorisme. À partir de ce constat, l’objectif de ce travail de recherche réside dans l’amélioration de la connaissance du lien de causalité entre le terrorisme et le tourisme. Notre approche théorique repose sur la rationalité de l’acteur terroriste. La première partie est consacrée à la détermination des motivations du terrorisme au sujet du tourisme. La deuxième partie porte sur l’impact du terrorisme sur l’économie du tourisme internationale. En plus de la séparation du tourisme et de ses cibles, l’originalité de notre recherche repose sur l’attention théorique portée à la mécanique terroriste par l’intermédiaire de la doctrine du terrorisme, ses acteurs, son action, et les modes opératoires employés. En termes empiriques, elle relève de la dissociation des cibles touristiques de celles non touristiques, la catégorisation des variables indépendantes du terrorisme et l’interrogation d’autres facteurs d’influences de la demande touristique. Dans une thématique peu abordée par la littérature, cette thèse apporte une vision dynamique des mécanismes de la relation entre le tourisme et le terrorismeWithin 1970 and 2017, terrorism has hit the world 180,000 times. It has become one of the major security challenges of our time. This phenomenon has spared no territories or targets, among which; tourism. The important growth of international tourism is increasingly confronted with the rise of terrorism. Departing from this observation, the objective of this research work is to improve the knowledge of the causal link between terrorism and tourism. Our theoretical approach is based on the rationality of the terrorist actor. The first part is devoted to determining the motivations of terrorism for tourism. The second part focuses on the impact of terrorism on the international tourism economy. In addition to the separation of tourism and its targets, the originality of our research is focuses on the theoretical attention given to terrorist mechanics through the doctrine of terrorism, its actors, its action, and the operating methods adopted. In empirical terms, it relates to the dissociation of tourist targets from non-tourism targets. Moreover it also relates to the categorization of the independent variables of terrorism and the questioning of other factors which influence tourism demand. In a theme rarely addressed to by literature, this thesis provides a dynamic vision of the mechanisms of the relationship between tourism and terrorism
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Yakoub-Yazigi, Amal. "Le terrorisme international face au droit." Paris 10, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996PA100099.
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La presente these pretend definir le contexte dans lequel le terrorisme evolue. Premierement : il faut considerer le terrorisme comme faisant partie d'une notion plus globale qui est la violence, et analyser les relations qu'il entretient avec certaines autres manifestations de violence, comme la guerre, la guerilla, la guerre civile (exemple libanais), et certains mouvements sociaux (tels l'action directe, et les brigades rouges). Deuxiemement : expliquer les differentes formes empruntees par le terrorisme : 1) l'enlevement des personnes, 2) la prise d'otages, 3) les detournement d'avions, et autres. Troisiement : definir le terrorisme en examinant ses relations avec : 1- l'agression en tant que crime international, 2- le defit politique. Etablir le mecanisme d'une relation terroriste, et terminer par une tentative de definition du terrorisme. Quatriemement : examiner les mesures de prevention et de repression a travers les travaux : 1) de la societe des nations, 2) les nations unies, 3) de la communaute europeenne, 4) de l'alliance atlantique, 5) du droit francaisThe purpose of this thesis is to define the context in which the terrorism has been developed, trough the following points : 1) the terrorism has to be considered as an integrated part of a more global phenomenon which is violence, and analized its relations with other manifestations such as : war, guerrilla war, civil war (as in lebanon) and some social movements (action directe, red brigades). 2) explanation of the form of terrorism such as : kidnapping, seizure of hostage, hijacking ect. . . . 3) definition of terrorism through its relations with ; * agression as an international crime, **political offence, and setting up the mecanism of terrorism process, and the attempt to find a definition for terrorism. 4) examination of the prevention and repression measures executed by the league of nations, united nations, europian community, north atlantic treaty organazation, and finally french law. 5) identification of the forms of terrorism as the following : *state terrorism and organazation terrorism (palestinian exp. ), **individual terrorism. 6) examination of the forms of terrorism responsibility : * juridical foundation of the international responsibility, ** the responsibility of the state in which the action has occured on its territory, *** the responsibility of the state in which committed the action
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Ahipeaud, Evelyne. "Terrorisme et droit international humanitaire : les règles du droit international humanitaire à l'épreuve des actes de terrorisme." Thesis, Paris 11, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA111017.
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La question du terrorisme international retient l’attention constante des juristes et de la communauté internationale de manière plus grande encore depuis les attentats du 11 septembre 2001. A cette occasion, la doctrine de la « guerre contre le terrorisme » a prévalu. Cette doctrine tend à effacer la distinction entre l’état de guerre au sens du droit des conflits armés et le terrorisme régi traditionnellement par les règles du droit de la paix. Cette doctrine symbolise l’entrée de la lutte contre le terrorisme dans une ère nouvelle, celle du droit de la guerre qui conduirait à l’adoption de nouvelles règles du droit international humanitaire destinées à remplacer le droit existant, qui serait aujourd’hui dépassé. L’objet de cette thèse est de vérifier l’hypothèse d’une telle rupture et d’évaluer ce possible changement de paradigme sur les règles du droit international humanitaire. Dans cette perspective, la question de l’applicabilité du droit international humanitaire à la lutte contre le terrorisme ainsi que sa mise en œuvre dans la lutte contre le terrorisme seront étudiées. Pour chaque question, il sera nécessaire de faire le point sur le droit international humanitaire existant pour se demander si, et dans quelle mesure, la lutte contre le terrorisme met à l’épreuve ce corpus jurisThe question of international terrorism continually catches the attention of jurists and the international community since the attacks of September 11th, 2001. On this occasion, the doctrine of “war on terror” prevailed. This doctrine strives to remove the distinction between state of war in the sense of law of armed conflict and terrorism traditionally governed by the rules of law of peace. This doctrine symbolizes the entry of the fight against terrorism in a new era, that of the law of war which will bring to the adoption of new rules of international humanitarian law intended to replace existing law, that is said to be out-of-date. The purpose of this research is to check the assumption of such a break and evaluate this possible change of paradigm in the rules of international humanitarian law. From this perspective, the question of the applicability of international humanitarian law to the fight against terrorism as well as its implementation in the fight against terrorism will be examined. For each question, it will be necessary to study the international humanitarian law available to find out if, and to what extent, the fight against terrorism puts this corpus juris to the test
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Touati, Faiza. "Stratégies et mécanismes de lutte contre le terrorisme. Illustration par une étude comparative des expériences française et tunisienne." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université Côte d'Azur, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022COAZ0050.
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Le terrorisme est international, il n'est pas lié à un pays en particulier. Sa prolifération est due à un manque de coopération entre les Etats. Pour lutter contre la criminalité terroriste, cette coopération se doit de s'ériger en objectif stratégique planétaire. C'est dans cette perspective de caractérisation du crime terroriste et des stratégies et mécanismes mis en oeuvre pour l'endiguer que s'inscrit cette thèse. Elle vise à présenter l’étude de la conceptualisation du terrorisme et des différentes coopérations internationales pour lutter contre ce phénomène. Sont ainsi étudiés les principales formes, approches conceptuelles et explications du terrorisme, les divers instruments et conventions de lutte contre ce fléau. Cette étude est conduite par référence à l'expérience tunisienne en matière d’éradication du terrorisme et a conclu à la nécessité, d’une définition au sens large du terrorisme, d’élargir les composantes de la stratégie fondamentalement pénale à une approche pluridisciplinaire intégrant le social, le culturel et l’économiqueTerrorism is international, it is not linked to a particular country. Its proliferation is due to a lack of cooperation between states. To fight against terrorist crime, this cooperation must become a global strategic objective. It is in this perspective of characterization of the terrorist crime and the strategies and mechanisms implemented to contain it that this thesis is inscribed. It aims to present the study of the conceptualization of terrorism and the various international cooperations to fight against this phenomenon. The main forms, conceptual approaches and explanations of terrorism, the various instruments and conventions in the fight against this scourge are thus studied. This study is conducted with reference to the Tunisian experience in the eradication of terrorism and has concluded on the need, for a broad definition of terrorism, to broaden the components of the fundamentally penal strategy to a multidisciplinary approach integrating social, cultural and economic
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Mendy, Adriano. "La lutte contre le terrorisme en droit international." Reims, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008REIMD011.
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Les Etats appartenant à tous les systèmes politiques, économiques, régions géographiques, religions et cultures ont été victimes du terrorisme. Aussi la lutte contre ce phénomène concerne-t-elle la Communauté internationale et le Droit qui la régit. Bien qu’il ait subi les contrecoups des attentats du 11 septembre 2001, le droit international reste un édifice solide sur lequel s’organise la lutte contre le terrorisme. Celle-ci empruntent deux voies complémentaires : les conventions internationales et les résolutions du Conseil de sécurité prises en vertu du chapitre VII de la Charte des Nations Unies. L’idée sous-jacente de ces textes universels est de mettre en place un cadre normatif permettant l’harmonisation des infractions relevant du terrorisme ainsi qu’une meilleure coopération judiciaire entre le Etats. L’intensification des actes terroristes nécessite en même temps la recherche d’une solution globale à travers les divers aspects du droit international (en l’occurrence le droit des relations amicales, les droits de l’homme), mais aussi à travers des actions internationales visant à éradiquer les situations qui peuvent être exploitées par le terrorismeStates belonging to all political, economic systems, geographical regions, religions and cultures were victims of terrorism. Also the fight against this phenomenon concerns the international Community and the Right which governs it. Although it is subjected the repercussions of the attacks from September 11th, 2001, international law remains a solid building on which gets organized the fight against terrorism. This one takes two complementary ways: international conventions and resolutions of the Security Council taken under the chapter VII of the Charter of United Nations. The underlying idea of these universal texts is to set up a legal framework allowing the harmonization of the offences relating to terrorism, as well as a better judicial collaboration between States. The intensification of the terrorist requires at the same time the research of a global solution through the various aspects of international law (in this case the right of amicable relations, human rights), but also through international actions aiming to eradicate the situations which can be exploited by terrorism
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Shegani, Altin. "La lutte contre le terrorisme : étude de droit comparé (droit français, droit albanais) et de droit pénal international." Bordeaux 4, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010BOR40081.
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L'objectif principal du travail a été de proposer un cadre d'analyse et de réflexion sur les mécanismes de la lutte contre le terrorisme entre les deux pays France et l'Albanie afin de vérifier à quel point l'évolution du phénomène a permis d'élaborer un système de répression pénale plus efficace et aussi quel est le degré d'effectivité de l'application de la normative antiterroriste en matière de sa préventionThe main objective of this study, was to propose a framework of analysis and reflexions on the mechanisms of the fight against terrorism in both countries France and Alabania, to see how the evolution of the phenomenon has developed system of criminal punishment more effective and also what is the degree of effectiveness of the implementation of the normative in terms of terrorism prevention
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Guelke, Adrian. "The age of terrorism and the international political system /." London ; New York : Tauris academic studies, 1995. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37669120p.
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Fares, Philippe. "La Communauté internationale et la lutte contre le terrorisme." Strasbourg, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009STRA4013.
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La lutte contre le terrorisme constitue depuis des décennies une préoccupation majeure de la communauté internationale. La prise en compte de cette lutte a débuté en 1937 lorsque la Société des Nations a examiné une charte pour la prévention et la répression du terrorisme. Après 1945, les Nations Unies constitueront le cadre essentiel de la lutte qui s’intensifiera après l’attentat de Munich de 1972, et réagiront à chaque activité terroriste par l’adoption de conventions internationales. Cependant, l’impact des événements du 11 septembre 2001 et des développements qu’ils ont entraînés dans le domaine de la lutte contre le terrorisme sur l’évolution de l’ordre juridique international se révèle pour le moins contrasté. D’un côté, en effet, le droit international est apparu aux Etats comme un instrument de choix pour organiser la répression et la prévention des actes de terrorisme et des développements juridiques significatifs sont survenus dans ce cadre. D’un autre côté, en revanche, l’ordre juridique international a subi, depuis le début du nouveau millénaire, une « mise à l’épreuve » sans précédent, la pertinence de certaines de ses normes les plus fondamentales se voyant très sérieusement remise en cause par divers Etats au regard des exigences affirmées de la lutte antiterroristeThe fight against terrorism for decades is a major concern of the international community. Taking account of this struggle began in 1937 when the League of Nations discussed a charter for the prevention of terrorism. After 1945, the United Nations form the essential framework of the struggle that intensified after the bombing of Munich in 1972, and each will react to terrorist activity by the adoption of international conventions. However, the impact of 11 September 2001 and they have driven developments in the fight against terrorism on the evolution of the international legal order is to say the least. On the one hand, international law appeared to the States as an instrument of choice to organize the suppression and prevention of acts of terrorism and significant legal developments have occurred in this context. On the other hand, however, the international legal system has suffered since the beginning of the new millennium, a "test case" unprecedented, the relevance of some of its most basic standards being very seriously questioned by various states with regard to the requirements stated in the fight against terrorism
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El, Mossadak Ahmed. "Terrorisme et sociologie politique de l'International." Thesis, Paris 3, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA030097.
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Le Terrorisme est devenu le mal du système-monde moderne. Comment repenser l’acte du terrorisme est devenue une question pressante, surtout quand l’incompréhension est dominante sinon triomphante. D’où, la nécessité d’étudier l’acte terroriste, de le comprendre loin des idées reçues et des sentiers battus. La politique américaine a axé son ordre de priorité sur la guerre contre le terrorisme, au point d’élever la raison sécuritaire à un nouveau paradigme des relations internationales. Les politiques sécuritaires américaines ont entraîné dans la foulée une mise sous tutelle sans précédent des libertés publiques sur le territoire américain (USA Patriot Act, Projet Patriot Act II, Homeland Security Act, National Strategy of Security…) comme la mise en place d’un véritable état d’exception international: Camp Guantanamo, Abou Gharib, transferts extrajudiciaires des terroristes, prisons secrètes. Ce qui provoque des réactions de rejets et d’oppositions. En effet, si Les Etats de l’Union européenne n’ont pas adhéré du premier coup à la logique antiterroriste américaine, ils finiront par s’aligner sur la politique anti-terroriste américaine. Lemonde arabe est acculé et accusé comme étant le berceau du terrorismemondial,mais il s’avère en réalité, celui qui a plus subi dans les faits les aléas directs et indirects du terrorisme. C’est dans ce contexte que la plupart des pays arabes se sont inscrit tambours battant dans "la guerre contre le terrorisme" mais sans véritable adhésion réelle. Cette politique par contre est devenue un enjeu politique interne et externe. Le choix de "l’immobilisme", du "statuquo" et "l’absence d’initiative" de la part du monde arabe répondent aux contraintes d’être en même temps cible et au cœur de "la guerre contre le terrorisme"Terrorism has become an illness of the modern World-System. How to rethink the act of terrorism has become an urgent question because it seems that the non understanding is dominant if not triumphant. Thus the necessity to see the terrorist act "included and overcame rather than felt with fantasy". The American policy has remobilized the world around the security objectives to intervene in the international policy. American security policies, based on the reinforcement of exceptional juridical legislation on global techniques of surveillance and on the military mobilization, have led to public liberties, with unprecedented tutoring (USA Patriot Act, Project Patriot Act, Homeland of security, National Strategy of Security) and the establishment of a real international exception state. Refractory to the American antiterrorist logic "war against terrorism", the European Union members have claimed before to be their allies: "we will fight terrorism by the law and in the frame of law". This logic has quickly made the allies adopt the American model. In reality, it is the Arab World that has suffered the consequences of terrorism. The events of the September 11, 2001 have thrown projectors on Islam as a source of terrorism although the Arabs and Muslims were the first targets of Islamic terrorism, and the first to suffer the consequences. One of the effects of this situation is the mitigated and ambiguous reaction of the Arab and Muslim opinions about the September attack. It is in this context that most of the ArabWorld has been inscribed in "War against terrorism" without almost any motivation but with a lot of hesitation because of the pressure made by the international coalition and especially the American one. Indeed to side this position presupposes a recurrent reality in the Arabs political and strategic choices. The choice of "immobilism" of the "statuquo" and "the absence of the initiative" answers to constraints to be at the same time a target and at the center of the "war against terrorism"
Books on the topic "Terrorisme international"
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Bell, Stewart. Terreur froide: La filière canadienne du terrorisme international. Montréal, Qué: Éditions de l'Homme, 2004.
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Centre for Studies and Research in International Law and International Relations (Hague Academy of International Law), ed. Terrorisme et droit international 2006=: Terrorism and international law 2006. Leiden: Martinus Nijhoff, 2007.
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Carrefours de la pensée (13th 2003 Le Mans, France). Terrorisme: Questions. Bruxelles: Complexe, 2004.
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Service, Canadian Security Intelligence. International terrorism: The threat to Canada = Terrorisme international : menace pour le Canada. [Ottawa]: Canadian Security Intelligence Service, 2000.
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Bras, Philippe. Forces armées européennes et terrorisme international =: European armed forces and international terrorism. Paris: Editions des Riaux, 2005.
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Centre for Studies and Research in International Law and International Relations (Hague Academy of International Law), ed. Les Aspects juridiques du terrorisme international =: The legal aspects of international terrorism. Dordrecht: Martinus Nijhoff, 1989.
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Service, Canadian Security Intelligence. International terrorism : the threat to Canada =: Terrorisme international : menace pour le Canada. Ottawa, Ont: Canadian Security Intelligence Service = Service canadien du renseignement de sécurité, 2000.
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Pizarro, Fernando Paredes. New reflections on terrorism and terrorism in America: International connections. Chicago: Office of International Criminal Justice, University of Illinois at Chicago, 1988.
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J, Kirschbaum Stanislav, and Collection études stratégiques internationales. Association Franco-Canadienne d'Etudes Stratigiques., eds. Terrorisme et sécurité internationale. Bruxelles: Bruylant, 2004.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Terrorisme international"
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Dmello, Jared R., and Arie Perliger. "Terrorism: International." In Encyclopedia of Security and Emergency Management, 1–8. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-69891-5_251-1.
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Dmello, Jared R., and Arie Perliger. "Terrorism: International." In Encyclopedia of Security and Emergency Management, 1–8. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-69891-5_251-2.
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Toops, Stanley, Mark Allen Peterson, Walt Vanderbush, Naaborle Sackeyfio, and Sheldon Anderson. "International Terrorism." In International Studies, 270–76. 5th ed. New York: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003028314-18.
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Dmello, Jared R., and Arie Perliger. "Terrorism: International." In Encyclopedia of Security and Emergency Management, 930–38. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-70488-3_251.
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Smith, Michael E. "International Terrorism." In International Security, 151–78. London: Macmillan Education UK, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-230-36558-2_7.
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Morris, Eric, Alan Hoe, and John Potter. "International Law and Terrorism." In Terrorism, 119–25. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-18983-0_15.
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Smith, Michael E. "Terrorism." In International Security, 177–209. London: Macmillan Education UK, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/978-1-137-58295-9_7.
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MacWillson, Alastair C. "International Counter-Terrorism." In Hostage-Taking Terrorism, 184–90. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-12477-0_11.
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Smith, Steven K., and Douglas A. Wertman. "Combating International Terrorism." In US-West European Relations During the Reagan Years, 198–217. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-12737-5_8.
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O’Ballance, Edgar. "International Terrorism Inc." In Islamic Fundamentalist Terrorism, 1979–95, 206–12. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230376069_11.
Full textConference papers on the topic "Terrorisme international"
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Petrović, Dragana. "MEDIA, TERRORISM AND LAW ENFORCEMENT." In International scientific conference challenges and open issues of service law. Vol. 1. University of Kragujevac, Faculty of law, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.46793/xxmajsko1.239p.
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Considering its basic idea (essence), terrorism is shown to be "propaganda with the help of violence". This special theatrical form of violence, through media communication, attracts the attention of millions of people. Has the media become the "weapon" of the terrorists they report on? Who is using (exploiting) whom in this brutal game designed to produce fear, terror and chaos in the public? Does the media serve terrorism by giving it the publicity it needs to achieve its goal - conveying a political message, etc.? It is not possible to fully and reliably answer the previously asked questions, but it can be proven with almost certainty that the relationship between terrorism and the media does not flow in one direction. Just the opposite. Pointing to the interdependence of terrorism and the media is not new. According to one point of view (an older one), media reporting and terrorism are closely related, which through a certain cause-and-effect relationship leads to the spread of terrorism. With the opposite sign, a completely different approach can be outlined - there is no causal relationship between the quantity of reporting and the spread of terrorist incidents. As our intention is to develop this topic problematically, first of all, we must start from what is generally known. Terrorist organizations need publicity. Terrorist acts in themselves are nothing without an audience. On the other hand, the media scene "cries out" for spectacular news - analyzes show that every major terrorist attack gains the potential of exclusivity through global multiplication through "top" or "breaking news". The text suggests the creation of an effective communication platform in order to respond to the threat (restriction of terrorists' access to the media, reduction or censorship of news reporting terrorist actions and news about criminals, etc.). In this connection, the very sensitive issue of the relationship between terrorism, the media and the law came to the fore, which required a special analysis - thus reaching some answers, understandings and orientations that would allow us a better overview and insight into the problem and character of this complex issues.
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Nikiforova, Elena Nikolaevna, Evgeniia Pavlovna Gavrilova, and Viktoriia Sergeevna Evdokimova. "Unification of national legislation in the field of countering extremism and terrorism as a factor of international security." In All-Russian scientific and practical conference. Publishing house Sreda, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.31483/r-32803.
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The article emphasizes that the fight against extremism and terrorism, as a complex problem, has become one of the priorities in the fight against crime for states at the global and regional levels. The level of development of legal acts in the field of countering extremism and terrorism, the severity of punishment for crimes of extremist and terrorist orientation in some countries are analyzed. It is concluded that in modern legislation of different countries, there is no single approach to the definition of the concepts of "terrorism" and "extremism", there is no uniform approach to the system and types of punishments. The proposal on the expediency of a uniform definition of the concepts: “terrorism”, “terrorist”, “international terrorist activity”, unification of national legislation in the field of combating extremism and terrorism as a factor of international security is substantiated
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Kochkarov, Ruslan, and Zulfiya Chochueva. "Legal mechanisms for countering the financing of terrorism." In East – West: Practical Approaches to Countering Terrorism and Preventing Violent Extremism. Dela Press Publishing House, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.56199/dpcshss.iyia7043.
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The financing of terrorism, as an illegal criminal act, was first proposed at the international level in the United Nations Declaration of 1994. The idea was further developed in United Nations Security Council Resolution No. 1373 adopted in 2001. This document obliged all member states of the UN Security Council to introduce into their criminal legislation norms governing prosecution for activities related to the provision or collection of funds to finance terrorism. This study aims to analyze the corpus delicti of terrorist financing and investigate the need to introduce this article into the legislation of the Russian Federation. Modern times are characterized by the high growth of terrorist crimes, involvement in terrorist groups, and financing this criminal activity. The problem of combating terrorism is international. Countering this phenomenon and strengthening international cooperation to maintain the rule of law and legal order has been relevant for the past few decades. The authors of the research work consider the obligations of the Russian Federation arising from the requirements of the international community and the international legal framework. International cooperation allowed to establish the official recognition of the financing of terrorism at the legislative level as criminal and punishable.
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Petrović, Dragana. "TERRORISM AND TERRORISTS – understanding the structure and way of carrying out activities." In Tradicija, krivično i međunarodno krivično pravo. Srpsko udruženje za međunarodno krivično pravo, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.46793/tkmkp24.178p.
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Terrorism is like an elephant at your front door,“ says author Timothy Thornton Ash, „you recognize it when you see it.“ No ideology, no visionary motivation, no goal can justify the energy that feeds this kind of evil. Modern terrorism erases all borders, all walls and consciences… In our modernity and globalization, its „value“ increases enormously, which attracts even more those who believe that this type of violence (extreme, theatrical…) will pay off. . In attempts to completely destroy the established order or its total transformation, terrorists attract the attention of the public to their goals, promote fear and an atmosphere of alarmism. Apocalyptic nihilists, planners and perpetrators of terrorist attacks offer no compromise – which can only result in one – catastrophic images of the massacre of innocent civilians, women and children. Expect reciprocity, ie. hitting one global network with another, an anti-terrorist network, is the only form of response that can provide appropriate results. Unfortunately, the international community (hypocritical, according to the „principle of double standards“) is constantly torn between recognizing the specific nature of the challenges it has been facing in recent years and insisting that its response take the form of a globalized anti-terrorist coalition. Perhaps as an answer to a bunch of questions that arise here – to expect reciprocity in this sense would mean, however, to misunderstand the essence of the challenge, because replacing violence with violence, as someone said these days, would mean „making a deal with the devil“. And maybe this kind of behavior brings us to the edge of the abyss, ruin…
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Silva, Bárbara Thaís Pinheiro, and Robson Cunha Rael. "The various normative fronts in the fight against terrorism and the limitations surround the concept." In II INTERNATIONAL SEVEN MULTIDISCIPLINARY CONGRESS. Seven Congress, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.56238/homeinternationalanais-063.
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Abstract The term "war on terrorism" is not a legal term, since by international law, for there to be a war, belligerent states must engage in armed conflict with each other. Therefore, although many states are engaged in the fight against terrorism, this fight only qualifies as war if and when there is a fighting state on the side of the terrorist organization, so there is nothing to prevent the "war on terrorism" from turning into an interstate war (CORDESMAN, 2018).
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Taneski, Nenad, Sinisha Vitanovski, and Aleksandar Petrovski. "THE PLACE AND ROLE OF THE INTELLIGENCE AND COUNTERINTELLIGENCE SERVICES." In SECURITY HORIZONS. Faculty of Security- Skopje, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.20544/icp.11.01.20.p28.
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The security (Intelligence and Counterintelligence) services are one of the key elements for dealing with the 21st century challenges. The principle itself is directed mostly in preventive action i.e. early discovery, identifying and stopping the security threats. Intelligence is a process of collecting, processing, analyzing and distribution of intelligence data. The Intelligence i.e. the Intelligence services own the capacity for collecting information which is important for the safety and the constitutional order of the country. Counterintelligence is inverse process of the Intelligence i.e. detecting of unfriendly intelligence capacities. After the end of the Cold War, the security threats and challenges in the world changed, so according to that many countries changed their entire security system. Intelligence services are also susceptible to transformation. With the emergence of terrorism as a security threat no. 1 in the 21st century, the biggest parts of the Intelligences’ activities are directed to discovering and preventing the terrorist activities and to dissolving and destroying the terrorist organizations. The way the terrorist groups operate is similar worldwide. They are well organized, have strong propaganda machinery, hierarchy and a high degree of secrecy within the organization. They act on vital and sensitive goals in society, mostly on civilians, in order to sow fear and demonstrate power versus the regular security forces. The terrorism is not only a number 1 threat to national security, but also to international security. The need for cooperation of intelligence and counterintelligence services between the member states of NATO and the EU is extremely important for the 16 mutual exchange of intelligence information concerning the terrorist organizations and their actions. One terrorist organization does not operate locally but has cells in many countries around the world. That’s why the cooperation of the Intelligence services is so important in the process of uncovering future plans for detecting future terrorist attacks and stopping them as well as jointly dismantling terrorist organizations. The process of exchange of experiences, lessons learned and the organization of joint training and training the members of the intelligence services enables greater efficiency in the fight against terrorism. Key words: Intelligence, Counterintelligence, Intelligence Services, terrorism, terrorist organizations, security threats.
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Abasheva, Ekaterina, Ivan Gulyaev, Victoria Malygina, Eduard Lykov, and Elena Kolesnikova. "Technical means of Russian customs control – international terrorism counteraction tool." In East – West: Practical Approaches to Countering Terrorism and Preventing Violent Extremism. Dela Press Publishing House, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.56199/dpcshss.lwce2030.
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In the article, through the prism of basic principles of state policy of modern Russian state in combating terrorist and extremist manifestations, technical means of control used by customs authorities as prevention and counteraction to terrorism and extremism in the territory of the Russian Federation are revealed. The role and importance of technical means of customs control, their diversity depending on the search methods used, where special attention is paid to technical means of detecting explosive devices, explosives, and explosive objects, are shown based on the regulatory framework. The authors conclude that the customs service of Russia, being one of the largest in the world, along with the many tasks of national importance set to prevent the growth of violations in the field of customs legislation, solves such a national problem, as countering terrorist and extremist activities of the criminal world, which is largely facilitated by modern technical means of customs control.
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Algan, Neşe, Mehmet Balcılar, Harun Bal, and Müge Manga. "Impact of Terrorism on Financial Markets: The Case of Turkey." In International Conference on Eurasian Economies. Eurasian Economists Association, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.36880/c07.01706.
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This study investigates the impact of terrorism on the Turkish financial market using daily data from Jan 4, 1988 to May 24, 2016. In order to measure the impacts of terrorist attacks in Turkey we test for causality from terrorism index to returns and volatilities of 3 aggregate and 16 sector level stock indices using a recently developed nonparametric causality-in-test test of Balcilar et al. (2016). The results obtained indicate that there is no causality from terrorist activities to stock market returns (1st moment). However, we find significant causality at various quantiles from terrorist activates to volatility (2nd moment) of tourism, food and basic materials sectors.
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Morozova, Oksana. "The legal mechanisms to counter terrorism: the international legal aspect." In East – West: Practical Approaches to Countering Terrorism and Preventing Violent Extremism. Dela Press Publishing House, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.56199/dpcshss.bcep8599.
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The article analyzes the content and meaning of the concept of international terrorism, as well as the functions of states to ensure the security and effectiveness of counter-terrorism. The study is based on the development of legal mechanisms to prevent terrorism through international law. In recent years, we have seen an international threat to state sovereignty by acts of international terrorism. The political structure and power methods of some states operate in such a way that all counteraction to international terrorism is reduced to minimization. Any civilized society cannot exist without legal support and protection of its citizens. A special task of the state in the field of international terrorism, appears to be the sustainable regulation of relations in modern society, in search of cooperation and compromise in solving global and regional problems, the effective operation of international legal acts. An analysis of doctrinal and normative sources has shown that the causes of modern terrorism lie in both the contradictions between states in defining the term "international terrorism" and the means of preventing terrorism. The findings on the nature of international terrorism suggest that legal mechanisms to counter international terrorism must be adopted in compliance with the doctrine of the rule of law and respect for the protection of citizens' rights, as well as the provisions of international law. Offers the author's answer to the research question on the legal mechanism and causes of ineffective counteraction to international terrorism. The goal of the modern state is to ensure the fullest realization of the rights of citizens against terrorism, by providing at the state and international level ways to ensure and protect them. Problems of international terrorism are addressed in both scientific and academic literature.
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KAMAL, AHMAD. "TERRORISM – AN INTERNATIONAL PERSPECTIVE." In The Cultural Planetary Emergency: Focus on Terrorism. WORLD SCIENTIFIC, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/9789812702388_0003.
Full textReports on the topic "Terrorisme international"
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Lewis, Dustin, Naz Modirzadeh, and Gabriella Blum. Medical Care in Armed Conflict: International Humanitarian Law and State Responses to Terrorism. Harvard Law School Program on International Law and Armed Conflict, September 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.54813/hwga7438.
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The surge in armed conflicts involving terrorism has brought to the fore the general question of medical care in armed conflict and the particular legal protections afforded to those providing such care to terrorists. Against this backdrop, we evaluate international humanitarian law (IHL) protections for wartime medical assistance concerning terrorists. Through that lens, we expose gaps and weaknesses in IHL. We also examine tensions between IHL and state responses to terrorism more broadly. In studying the IHL regime applicable to medical care, substantive fragmentation and gaps in legal protection between states and across types of conflict emerge. These ruptures are not new. But they are increasingly noticeable as terrorism is more frequently conceptualized as forming part of armed conflicts and as more states undertake aggressive responses to terrorist threats. The U.N. Security Council has been a key driver of these responses, requiring member states to take more and broader steps to obviate terrorist threats. Yet so far the Council has not required that, in doing so, states fully exempt impartial wartime medical care, even in circumstances that would render such care protected under IHL. Rather, the Council seems to consider providing medical assistance and supplies to al-Qaeda and its associates as at least a partial ground for designating those who facilitate such care as terrorists themselves. The overall result today is unsatisfactory. By prosecuting physicians for supporting terrorists through medical care in armed conflicts, some states are likely violating their IHL treaty obligations. But in certain other instances where states intentionally curtail impartial medical care there is no clear IHL violation. Both those actual IHL violations and the lack of clear IHL violations, we think, are cause for concern. The former represent failures to implement the legal regime. And the latter highlight the non-comprehensiveness - or, at least, the indeterminateness and variability - of the normative framework.
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Mehra, Tanya, and Julie Coleman. The Role of the UN Security Council in Countering Terrorism & Violent Extremism: The Limits of Criminalization? RESOLVE Network, October 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.37805/sfi2022.4.
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After the 9/11 attacks, a united global community entered an era which saw the proliferation of United Nations entities and organs focused on responding to terrorism. These bodies were created, at least in part, in response to the recognized need for a comprehensive multilateral counter-terrorism architecture to ensure international peace and security in the face of the growing specter of violent extremism. This response has notably also included an array of UN Security Council resolutions (UNSCRs) adopted to counter the threat of terrorism. A little over 20 years after the adoption of Resolution 1373 (2001), 52 terrorism related resolutions now exist, creating an elaborate set of measures for Member States to implement. Despite this, however, terrorism was arguably more prevalent in 2021 than in 2001. A myriad of factors have led to the continued spread of terrorism, including the increasingly transnational nature of terrorists and terrorist networks, as well as the failure to adequately address the structural factors and underlying conditions that are conducive to the spread of violent extremism. In order to explain its persistence, one must not only examine the continued appeal of terrorist groups and violent extremist ideology and propaganda, but also reflect upon where, how, and why counter-terrorism responses have often failed to reduce the threat or, in some cases, even exacerbated the factors which give rise to terrorism in the first place. This includes the response of the Security Council, whose resolutions have created the obligation or expectation for Member States to continuously expand the criminalization of terrorism, without evidence that such an approach will lead to less terrorism. This brief focuses on how some UNSCRs include measures that require Member States to criminalize conduct that has historically fallen within the pre-crime space and lacks a clear link to terrorist activities, and examines the subsequent impact this has on human rights and the effectiveness of the criminal justice system. At the same time, it explores the role that States themselves have played in the exceptionalization of terrorism in terms of criminal justice responses. Finally, it offers recommendations for both the UNSC and Members States on how to ensure that counter-terrorism architecture can both be human-rights based and simultaneously conducive to promoting peace and security.
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Mehra, Tanya. Improving the prospects of prosecuting ‘terrorists’ for core international crimes committed in Syria and Iraq. ICCT, October 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.19165/2023.3.05.
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The majority of European citizens - often referred to as ‘foreign fighters’ - that have returned to European soil have predominantly been prosecuted for terrorist offences. In recent years several European countries have been prosecuting alleged terrorists cumulatively for both terrorist offences and core international crimes. This paper explores which building blocks need to be in place to allow for such prosecutions. This paper argues that only if a suitable legal and institutional framework is in place can prosecution of core international crimes take place, thereby contributing to achieving accountability of the full range of crimes that have been committed by alleged terrorists in the context of the conflict in Syria and Iraq.
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Chinn, Clarence K. Combating International Terrorism. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, April 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada401071.
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Alfarajat, Ahmad D. The International Terrorism. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, May 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada419833.
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Morgenstern, Frederick L. International Terrorism: Soviet Connectivity. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, February 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada178183.
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Siampakou, Niki. Victims of Terrorism and Reparation: Applying the 2005 UN Basic Principles and Guidelines on the Right to a Remedy and Reparation. ICCT, December 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.19165/2023.2.09.
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While victims of terrorism undergo significant harm, there is currently no specific legal framework addressing their right to reparation. Certain regional provisions focus on establishing compensation funds under national law but do not explicitly acknowledge an existing right to reparation which includes restitution, compensation, rehabilitation, satisfaction, and guarantees of non repetition. To fill this gap, this Policy Brief argues that the UN Basic Principles and Guidelines on the Right to a Remedy and Reparation for Victims of Gross Violations of International Human Rights Law and Serious Violations of International Humanitarian Law (UN Basic Principles and Guidelines) should be applicable to terrorism victims. The brief initially explores the absence of an internationally proclaimed right to reparation for this category of victims. Subsequently, it illustrates that considering the shared characteristics between victims of terrorism and those of international crimes, gross violations of International Human Rights Law, or serious violations of International Humanitarian Law as well as the common elements between terrorism and international crimes, gross violations of human rights and humanitarian law, the UN Basic Principles and Guidelines should extend to victims of terrorism. This application is seen as a recognition of their right to reparation, fulfilling states’ responsibility to provide a comprehensive framework for the harm suffered by victims and consequently enhancing the international protection of terrorism victims.
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Sherouse, Paul L. Christian Realism's Response to International Terrorism. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, April 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada420525.
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Tieman, Larry W. International Terrorism and Third World Conflict. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, March 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada241438.
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Petruncio, Emil T. U.S.-Russian Cooperation in the War Against International Terrorism. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, January 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada441750.
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