Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Terrorisme international'
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Padovani, Jean-Pascal. "Terrorisme et droit pénal." Nice, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001NICE0043.
Full textTerrorism is a kaleidoscopic notion, multifaceted, gathering a multitude of political, economical, socials, philosophical criterions. Difficult is so for all these countries tormented by this world-weariness to legislate. Furthermore, states, not having suffered from this modern scourge in same way, analyse it differently, analysis that not aim for development of common incrimination. Yet only this common incrimination can allow an effective repression against terrorism that become international, through implementation of legal and police means of fight regarding to the international and regional level. Terrorism moving and using frontiers 's opening in order to strike victims indistinctly all over the world, intergovernmental cooperation, through an international solidarity between countries, needs that each nation give up partially sovereignty to participate, through international treaties, to the drawing up of terrorism 's jus cogens, based notably on recognition of automatic extradition principles and depoliticisation of terrorist act
Ghedamsi, Mohamed Alaeddine. "Terrorisme et tourisme international à l'ère de la globalisation." Thesis, Toulouse 1, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018TOU10042.
Full textWithin 1970 and 2017, terrorism has hit the world 180,000 times. It has become one of the major security challenges of our time. This phenomenon has spared no territories or targets, among which; tourism. The important growth of international tourism is increasingly confronted with the rise of terrorism. Departing from this observation, the objective of this research work is to improve the knowledge of the causal link between terrorism and tourism. Our theoretical approach is based on the rationality of the terrorist actor. The first part is devoted to determining the motivations of terrorism for tourism. The second part focuses on the impact of terrorism on the international tourism economy. In addition to the separation of tourism and its targets, the originality of our research is focuses on the theoretical attention given to terrorist mechanics through the doctrine of terrorism, its actors, its action, and the operating methods adopted. In empirical terms, it relates to the dissociation of tourist targets from non-tourism targets. Moreover it also relates to the categorization of the independent variables of terrorism and the questioning of other factors which influence tourism demand. In a theme rarely addressed to by literature, this thesis provides a dynamic vision of the mechanisms of the relationship between tourism and terrorism
Yakoub-Yazigi, Amal. "Le terrorisme international face au droit." Paris 10, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996PA100099.
Full textThe purpose of this thesis is to define the context in which the terrorism has been developed, trough the following points : 1) the terrorism has to be considered as an integrated part of a more global phenomenon which is violence, and analized its relations with other manifestations such as : war, guerrilla war, civil war (as in lebanon) and some social movements (action directe, red brigades). 2) explanation of the form of terrorism such as : kidnapping, seizure of hostage, hijacking ect. . . . 3) definition of terrorism through its relations with ; * agression as an international crime, **political offence, and setting up the mecanism of terrorism process, and the attempt to find a definition for terrorism. 4) examination of the prevention and repression measures executed by the league of nations, united nations, europian community, north atlantic treaty organazation, and finally french law. 5) identification of the forms of terrorism as the following : *state terrorism and organazation terrorism (palestinian exp. ), **individual terrorism. 6) examination of the forms of terrorism responsibility : * juridical foundation of the international responsibility, ** the responsibility of the state in which the action has occured on its territory, *** the responsibility of the state in which committed the action
Ahipeaud, Evelyne. "Terrorisme et droit international humanitaire : les règles du droit international humanitaire à l'épreuve des actes de terrorisme." Thesis, Paris 11, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA111017.
Full textThe question of international terrorism continually catches the attention of jurists and the international community since the attacks of September 11th, 2001. On this occasion, the doctrine of “war on terror” prevailed. This doctrine strives to remove the distinction between state of war in the sense of law of armed conflict and terrorism traditionally governed by the rules of law of peace. This doctrine symbolizes the entry of the fight against terrorism in a new era, that of the law of war which will bring to the adoption of new rules of international humanitarian law intended to replace existing law, that is said to be out-of-date. The purpose of this research is to check the assumption of such a break and evaluate this possible change of paradigm in the rules of international humanitarian law. From this perspective, the question of the applicability of international humanitarian law to the fight against terrorism as well as its implementation in the fight against terrorism will be examined. For each question, it will be necessary to study the international humanitarian law available to find out if, and to what extent, the fight against terrorism puts this corpus juris to the test
Touati, Faiza. "Stratégies et mécanismes de lutte contre le terrorisme. Illustration par une étude comparative des expériences française et tunisienne." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université Côte d'Azur, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022COAZ0050.
Full textTerrorism is international, it is not linked to a particular country. Its proliferation is due to a lack of cooperation between states. To fight against terrorist crime, this cooperation must become a global strategic objective. It is in this perspective of characterization of the terrorist crime and the strategies and mechanisms implemented to contain it that this thesis is inscribed. It aims to present the study of the conceptualization of terrorism and the various international cooperations to fight against this phenomenon. The main forms, conceptual approaches and explanations of terrorism, the various instruments and conventions in the fight against this scourge are thus studied. This study is conducted with reference to the Tunisian experience in the eradication of terrorism and has concluded on the need, for a broad definition of terrorism, to broaden the components of the fundamentally penal strategy to a multidisciplinary approach integrating social, cultural and economic
Mendy, Adriano. "La lutte contre le terrorisme en droit international." Reims, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008REIMD011.
Full textStates belonging to all political, economic systems, geographical regions, religions and cultures were victims of terrorism. Also the fight against this phenomenon concerns the international Community and the Right which governs it. Although it is subjected the repercussions of the attacks from September 11th, 2001, international law remains a solid building on which gets organized the fight against terrorism. This one takes two complementary ways: international conventions and resolutions of the Security Council taken under the chapter VII of the Charter of United Nations. The underlying idea of these universal texts is to set up a legal framework allowing the harmonization of the offences relating to terrorism, as well as a better judicial collaboration between States. The intensification of the terrorist requires at the same time the research of a global solution through the various aspects of international law (in this case the right of amicable relations, human rights), but also through international actions aiming to eradicate the situations which can be exploited by terrorism
Shegani, Altin. "La lutte contre le terrorisme : étude de droit comparé (droit français, droit albanais) et de droit pénal international." Bordeaux 4, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010BOR40081.
Full textThe main objective of this study, was to propose a framework of analysis and reflexions on the mechanisms of the fight against terrorism in both countries France and Alabania, to see how the evolution of the phenomenon has developed system of criminal punishment more effective and also what is the degree of effectiveness of the implementation of the normative in terms of terrorism prevention
Guelke, Adrian. "The age of terrorism and the international political system /." London ; New York : Tauris academic studies, 1995. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37669120p.
Full textFares, Philippe. "La Communauté internationale et la lutte contre le terrorisme." Strasbourg, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009STRA4013.
Full textThe fight against terrorism for decades is a major concern of the international community. Taking account of this struggle began in 1937 when the League of Nations discussed a charter for the prevention of terrorism. After 1945, the United Nations form the essential framework of the struggle that intensified after the bombing of Munich in 1972, and each will react to terrorist activity by the adoption of international conventions. However, the impact of 11 September 2001 and they have driven developments in the fight against terrorism on the evolution of the international legal order is to say the least. On the one hand, international law appeared to the States as an instrument of choice to organize the suppression and prevention of acts of terrorism and significant legal developments have occurred in this context. On the other hand, however, the international legal system has suffered since the beginning of the new millennium, a "test case" unprecedented, the relevance of some of its most basic standards being very seriously questioned by various states with regard to the requirements stated in the fight against terrorism
El, Mossadak Ahmed. "Terrorisme et sociologie politique de l'International." Thesis, Paris 3, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA030097.
Full textTerrorism has become an illness of the modern World-System. How to rethink the act of terrorism has become an urgent question because it seems that the non understanding is dominant if not triumphant. Thus the necessity to see the terrorist act "included and overcame rather than felt with fantasy". The American policy has remobilized the world around the security objectives to intervene in the international policy. American security policies, based on the reinforcement of exceptional juridical legislation on global techniques of surveillance and on the military mobilization, have led to public liberties, with unprecedented tutoring (USA Patriot Act, Project Patriot Act, Homeland of security, National Strategy of Security) and the establishment of a real international exception state. Refractory to the American antiterrorist logic "war against terrorism", the European Union members have claimed before to be their allies: "we will fight terrorism by the law and in the frame of law". This logic has quickly made the allies adopt the American model. In reality, it is the Arab World that has suffered the consequences of terrorism. The events of the September 11, 2001 have thrown projectors on Islam as a source of terrorism although the Arabs and Muslims were the first targets of Islamic terrorism, and the first to suffer the consequences. One of the effects of this situation is the mitigated and ambiguous reaction of the Arab and Muslim opinions about the September attack. It is in this context that most of the ArabWorld has been inscribed in "War against terrorism" without almost any motivation but with a lot of hesitation because of the pressure made by the international coalition and especially the American one. Indeed to side this position presupposes a recurrent reality in the Arabs political and strategic choices. The choice of "immobilism" of the "statuquo" and "the absence of the initiative" answers to constraints to be at the same time a target and at the center of the "war against terrorism"
Martin, Jean-Christophe. "Les règles internationales relatives à la lutte contre le terrorisme." Aix-Marseille 3, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005AIX32019.
Full textTerrorism constitutes a major preoccupation for the international community and a challenge for its legal order. Through the adoption of international conventions, States have long focused on the penal repression of terrorists according to classic techniques of international penal law. However, the attacks from September 11, 2001 have raised questions concerning the condition of international law and have led to the considerable development of international rules of against terrorism. The mutation of the phenomenon has led to the research of a global response aiming to act beforehand against terrorists networks and States sponsors. This study presents and confronts the different legal paths that international action against terrorism is currently taking. It will discuss questions as crucial as the prohibition of the use of force, self defense, repressive international cooperation, and it will thus question the common values and the structure of the international legal order
Vercher, Antonio. "Terrorism in Europe : an international comparative legal analysis /." Oxford : Clarendon press, 1992. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37396452h.
Full textFournier, Aurelie. "Le contrôle international de la lutte contre le terrorisme." Thesis, Lyon 3, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011LYO30012.
Full textThe aim of this work is to prove that the fight against terrorism doesn’t need arbitrary measures to eradicate such a globalised phenomena. Two notions are in conflict: peace keeping and human rights. Are they compatible? Should the fight against terrorism be lead by all means?We will see the the international/regional control of the measures taken by the States is necessary because of the globalisation of terrorism. Rights are threatened by measures undertaken by the States. The control is done by international/regional organs which can take different ways. It checks that the States respect international law and especially International Human rights and Humanitarian Law.Nethertheless, this control is limited because the measures adopted at international level are made by States who are victims of terrorism. The international control of legality is far from being accepted. The control is also limited because of the primary aim of the States which is to fight against terrorism. We will see that the scope of the control is nuanced
Mehanna, Mohamed. "Le terrorisme et la crise du droit international moderne." Clermont-Ferrand 1, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989CLF10080.
Full textBetween an inter-state law which has exhauted all its juridical possibilities, and a people right utopically oriented towards a supra-state direction, the international juridical order progressively developed towards a break up. Taking advantage of the juridical gap arising from this situation, the terrorism phenomena increased at a constant rate and imposed a new juridical order to the world. This is the crisis of international laws towards terrorism. The finding of the typical structure of this terrorism through the phenomenon process in order to determine standards intented for its repression will reveal quiete clearly the grounds and the real dimension of this crisis. As regards to the foundation, terrorism as phenominon is only the antinomy synthesis of juridical standards, which lead even to recognize a criminal and legitimate status to terrorism acts. Taking into account the real dimension of this crisis shows that the solution is beyond the capabilities of the present juridical order. The latter being unable to engross its own antagonism. Solely restoring a divine order will provide the world juridical order, with a resting point enabling to raise it above the contingency world and find its position within the harmony of a universal order
Ghanem-Larson, Abir. "Essai sur la notion d'acte terroriste en droit international pénal." Thesis, Aix-Marseille 3, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011AIX32005/document.
Full textThe semantic evolution of the notion of terrorism and the doctrinal birth of the notion of « terrorist act » until its national and international juridical resurgence show that terrorist infringement is based on the presence of a special double intention, sometimes according to an alternative approach, sometimes according to a cumulative approach. This special double intention reveals itself by the objective to terrorize people in order to result to its final aim, that one being a political change. In spite of the depoliticization adopted by international law to take terrorist crime out of the political sphere, this depolicization remains ficticious.The international approach takes into account those two specific intentions of the perpetrator according to an alternative teleological approach, wich means that one of them is enough to call the criminal act a terrorist one. That is right but incomplete. The suitable approach is the cumulative teleological approach. In other words, the terrorist offence is identifiable according to a special double intention of the perpetrator. So, the combination of those two special intentions is needed so that an act can be qualified of "terrorist act"
Gozzi, Marie-Hélène. "Le terrorisme : essai d'une étude juridique." Toulouse 1, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997TOU10054.
Full textFew phenomenons exist, in the legal science field, which present so much technical difficulties and set so much matters of conscience than the one which claim to be ideological. Terrorism is revealing this statement. It imposes itself upon ours societies by the way of its frequency and the strength of the produced violence. Unjustifiable as these terrorist acts may be, they have been subjected belatedly to autonomous incrimination. Moreover, the specifity of this kind of infraction is not reknown even though this one is subject to a particularly strict procedural system. Between common law and unusual measures, criminal law appears as hesitating concerning the act's designation. If international law seems to be effective about a judicial collaboration, states show a certain powerlessness nevertheless to define the act on a perceptible way. So, the French experience with regard to terrorist schemings has essentially been useful to the elaboration of a victims indemnification convenient system. That's why noticeable improvements are still to bring about
Etterd, Makram. "Les limites de la lutte contre le terrorisme en droit international." Thesis, Tours, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019TOUR1003.
Full textThe analysis of the current international situation shows the existence of numerous obstacles and limits to the effective fight against international terrorism. In this thesis, there is no question of studying terrorism in general, a controversial subject well studied in legal doctrine and political science. Nor is it a question of dwelling on the fight against terrorism itself. It is a question of reflecting, studying and analyzing the numerous legal limits to this fight against terrorism, both in terms of the elaboration of anti-terrorist rules and their implementation
Vallon, Frédérique. "De l'utilité d'un droit international en matière de terrorisme maritime nucléaire." Thesis, Montpellier 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011MON10018.
Full textThis research is a reflection on the risks of major terrorist century. Among those risks, nuclear terrorism Maritime occupies a prominent place. Traditionally, international law has attempted to solve the problem of international straits as their geographical configuration can easily turn into very dangerous places, conducive to the realization of the random terrorist. Recent climatic trends of mythical Northwest Passage has provided us a perfect example of the potential risks. Aware that terrorism, if it can be managed, will never be eradicated, this paper proposes some ways to fight against this ideological manifestation
Bausardo, Thomas. "Les coopérations internationales de la France dans la lutte contre le terrorisme (fin XIXe siècle – 1989)." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 4, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA040120.
Full textAt the end of the nineteenth century, in response to the rise of a modern internationalized terrorism, European states, and chiefly among them France, draft a first grammar of international cooperation against terrorism, a multilateral political cooperation, a secret police cooperation and a judicial cooperation of which extradition is the cornerstone. The history of France’s international cooperation against terrorism from this point on to the end of the 1980s shall thusly be written with regards to its political, policing, intelligence and judicial implications and take into account not only the evolving nature of the understanding of the phenomenon by and within the state, but the evolution of terrorism itself and that of international relations, of which international cooperation against terrorism is an integral part. Following the era of anarchist terrorism, during the interwar years, the rise of nationalist terrorism in the Balkans provide France with a new outlook and the phenomenon becomes, for the first time, an issue on the agenda of an international organization, the League of Nations. After WWII, France faces anew the challenges of international cooperation during the Algerian War, and, from the end of the 1960s on, takes part in a differential process of Europeanization of international cooperation against terrorism. In its geographical and institutional incarnations, and due to the persistence of both domestic and international terrorism, Europe thus becomes the core of France’s international efforts against terrorism
Eskenazi, Nicolas. "La lutte contre le financement du terrorisme et les dynamiques nouvelles du droit international." Thesis, Paris Est, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019PESC0104.
Full textMedia coverage of terrorism through its police and judicial components outshines an essential component to its structure: the funding.Money is naturally the crux of this modern-day war. Moreover, terrorist financing is a relevant indicator of the mutations of the terrorist phenomenon. Originally state sponsored, we have been witnessing, since 1989 and the emergence of the nebula "Al Qaida", the privatization of terrorism and its financing. Transnational in nature, contemporary terrorism, and its contingency of financial flows, are beyond any kind of state control.Therefore, fighting terrorist financing requires to overthrow the supremacy of stato-centrism theories, which ultimately opposes the positivist voluntarists (Hegel, Jellinek, Triepel, Anzilotti, Comte) for the benefit of the objectivist positivists (Durkheim, Duguit, Scelle, Politis).Consequently, how to fight terrorist financing nowadays?Since September 11, 2001, it has been clear that the United Nations Security Council has been trying to behave like a "world legislator". If the state level cannot stem terrorist financing, the Security Council, supranational authority, has the necessary omniscience to guide the states in this fight.In addition, for several years, because of a complex financing and of the States inanity, a myriad of infra-state actors (FATF, Wolfsberg Group, Basel Committee ...) intervenes in the financial regulation. Although these actors do not have any power of coercion, their "recommendations", "guides of good practices", "standards" and other texts, a priori devoid of normative force, paradoxically find a striking echo in national legislation.The new normative power of the Security Council in the fight against terrorist financing and the intervention of infra-state actors in the international financial regulation are symptomatic of the new relations between international law (or transnational law) and internal law, the first being able today to influence the second, or even to replace it.However, the sudden emergence of "ISIS" on the international scene in 2014 gave rise to Act Three in the history of terrorist financing: after the state tutelage of terrorist financing and the privatization of the latter, the territorialization of the terrorist economy marks a new chapter in contemporary terrorism. These new methods of financing weaken the regulatory edifice constructed in reaction to the preceding methods and incite to a modernization of the international law, as a new categorical imperative
Pellerin, Helene Carleton University Dissertation Political Science. "La conceptualisation du terrorisme dans les approches en relations internationales: une etude critique." Ottawa, 1988.
Find full textTropini, Julien. "Le statut juridique des "combattants étrangers" en droit international." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/305601.
Full textWhat do George Orwell, André Malraux, Davy Crockett and Osama Bin Laden have in common? This question might be surprising to some. How to find a common trait between the author of Animal Farm and 1984, the French resistance former minister, and the elected representative of the United States congress rooted in popular culture? Especially, if they are to share it with the former leader of Al Qaeda.Like thousands of others, they were "foreign fighters". In different times and to defend different causes, they undertook a journey which led them to take up arms in foreign wars. This historic phenomenon underwent a new legal turning point the last decade through the flow of thousands of foreigners who joined one of the belligerent parties in Syria and Iraq. To address this threat to international peace and security, the United Nations created the legal term of “foreign terrorist fighter”, subjecting these foreigners in armed conflicts to provisions in international counter-terrorism law. However, this status suffers shortcomings, which make it impossible, in particular, to differentiate between an international terrorist, an international volunteer, a member of an organized armed group or even a combatant of a state armed force. Today, George Orwell, André Malraux and Davy Crockett would probably be considered as "foreign terrorist fighters". In addition, the application of such status to identify actors of armed conflicts is in opposition with some rules of international law. Finally, to determine the correct legal status of "foreign fighters", to identify them and thus regulate their activities, including their terrorist acts, it is to the rules of international humanitarian law that we must turn. Even when qualified as “terrorists”, "foreign fighters" are already identified by the status of the law of war.
Doctorat en Sciences juridiques
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
NICOLAS, NELSON DANIEL. "La cooperation juridique internationale des democraties occidentales en matiere de lutte contre le terrorisme." Paris 8, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA080030.
Full textOkoko, Ghislain. "La "guerre contre le terrorisme international" et le droit international humanitaire au lendemain des attentats du 11 septembre 2001." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017GREAD005/document.
Full textDescribed as "acts of war", the attacks of 11 September 2001 enabled President George W. BUSH to justify his military interventions against the states he designated as the "Axis of Evil" "Empire of Evil" denounced by Ronald REAGAN. On September 18, 2001, the US Congress reinforced the militarization of the fight against terrorism by almost unanimously voting the "Authorization for Use of Military Force". The reaction of the United States can be summed up in four very specific words: "War on Terrorism" or "War on Terror". As early as 6 October 2001, this "war" took the form of an international armed conflict in Afghanistan and Iraq. The main objective of the United States was to eradicate terrorism by destroying the terrorist organization al-Qaeda, including its leader Oussama BEN LADEN, whom George W. BUSH wanted "dead or alive" Reference to the expeditious justice of the Far West. These armed conflicts have led to the capture of Taliban fighters and al-Qaeda members on different battlefields. It is on the basis of the US President's Military Order that most of them will be detained at the US naval base in Guantanamo bay, described as "illegal combatants", and then deprived of prisoner-of-war status. The daily practice of torture by American soldiers will make Guantanamo a true "no-law zone". The detainees found themselves in a "legal black hole" due to the uncertainty created around their legal status. Yet war is regulated by international humanitarian law through the rules of jus ad bellum, which determine the situations in which it is lawful to resort to force, and jus in bello regulating the conduct of a war. This corpus of law is today largely codified by the Geneva Conventions of 1949 and their Additional Protocols of 1977. But the "war on terror" is undoubtedly a new form of "war" which was not envisaged The adoption of the Geneva Conventions. A careful reading of these conventions may suggest that these provisions do not apply to terrorists who engage in activities that are totally contradictory to Geneva law. Thus, the applicability and application of this right in this "war" seem controversial, particularly with regard to the status of those arrested and then detained by the United States. However, the constant of international humanitarian law is that it should be applicable as soon as a situation of violence turns into an armed conflict
El, Ajouz Kamel Ben Belhassen. "Intégrisme religieux et terrorisme international entre mutation normative et influence politique : cas de l'intégrisme musulman." Perpignan, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PERP0690.
Full textTerrorism is currently the most extended criminal phenomenon on a worldly scale. But although it is covered with a religious aspect resulting from the Moslem integrism, its interdependence is nevertheless not limited to religious data. It also depends on an extremely serious political influence, which supported an often unimportant normative change, whereas the right is the single valid solution for fight this criminal fact
Therrien-Denis, Simon. "L'autre terrorisme : la criminalisation de la violation de l'interdiction de terrorisme prévue en droit international humanitaire et les éléments constitutifs du crime." Thesis, Université Laval, 2011. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2011/27786/27786.pdf.
Full textOsman, Ziad. "Les approches juridiques de la lutte antiterroriste : les nouvelles extensions du droit international, la coopération européenne et les règlementations du monde arabe." Thesis, Lille 2, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011LIL20011/document.
Full textThe notion of international terrorism is based on two criteria: one borrowed from actions that constitute the foundation of terrorist acts, the other drawn from particular circumstances coming from a relationship with an individual or collective organization whose objective is to seriously damage public security by intimidation or terror. Since the collapse of the Soviet Union, the international community is confronted by a radical extremist organization wahhabite Al-Qaïda. The terrorist attacks organized by this movement threaten global security today. These extremist criminal terrorist acts target civilians without distinction - women and children included - because they do not consider such acts as forbidden. The international scene has become more and more threatened today by wahhabite ideology whose Saudi origins included fifteen of the nineteen suicide-bombers responsible for the September 11, 2001 attacks on New York and Washington. Faced with the problem posed by terrorism, the international community reacted, each in their own way, by taking necessary measures that conform to their own legal system. Their objectives are to reinforce repression, facilitate the work of investigators and speed up court decisions. New penal laws or new texts have been introduced by several countries in order to confront this international phenomenon. The legal responses of national laws remain until today veritable instruments of confrontation against terrorist acts. These laws serve to deepen the understanding of terrorist motivations, their methods and their goals. By basing these laws on the international directives of the GAFI (Groupe d'Action financière) and the Committee Against Terrorism (CCT), they also serve to combat the financing of terrorist movements as well as money laundering. Keywords : anti-terrorist struggle, international law, European cooperation, extremist criminal terrorist acts
Nouzières, Romane. "La conciliation entre la lutte pénale contre le terrorisme et le respect des droits fondamentaux." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/28307.
Full textKatouya, Kevin Constant. "Réflexions sur les instruments de droit pénal international et européen de lutte contre le terrorisme." Thesis, Nancy 2, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010NAN20008/document.
Full textThe gravity of terrorism and the threat it poses to international peace and security, owing to its cross-border nature, have compelled the international community to adopt guidelines on "best practices" to combat terrorism. This issue is the focus of this thesis, as it highlights respect for the rule of law, enshrines the supremacy of the law in international counter-terrorism efforts, and seeks to grasp the motives of terrorists for embracing violent radicalisation. In this regard, international and European criminal law instruments bring the specificity of international counter-terrorism to the fore. The global and integrated nature of international counter-terrorism has led prosecution authorities to broadly define the scope of offences with a view to pre-empting and responding swiftly to acts of terrorism. Gradually, as a result of the upsurge of attacks worldwide and especially, since 11 September 2001, this proactive tendency has bolstered the criminal justice system that was in place. It is a responsive system characterized by sector-specific conventions and protocols. The transnational scope of acts of terrorism commands multiform and multifaceted cooperation between national and international agencies
Bausardo, Thomas. "Les coopérations internationales de la France dans la lutte contre le terrorisme (fin XIXe siècle – 1989)." Thesis, Paris 4, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA040120.
Full textAt the end of the nineteenth century, in response to the rise of a modern internationalized terrorism, European states, and chiefly among them France, draft a first grammar of international cooperation against terrorism, a multilateral political cooperation, a secret police cooperation and a judicial cooperation of which extradition is the cornerstone. The history of France’s international cooperation against terrorism from this point on to the end of the 1980s shall thusly be written with regards to its political, policing, intelligence and judicial implications and take into account not only the evolving nature of the understanding of the phenomenon by and within the state, but the evolution of terrorism itself and that of international relations, of which international cooperation against terrorism is an integral part. Following the era of anarchist terrorism, during the interwar years, the rise of nationalist terrorism in the Balkans provide France with a new outlook and the phenomenon becomes, for the first time, an issue on the agenda of an international organization, the League of Nations. After WWII, France faces anew the challenges of international cooperation during the Algerian War, and, from the end of the 1960s on, takes part in a differential process of Europeanization of international cooperation against terrorism. In its geographical and institutional incarnations, and due to the persistence of both domestic and international terrorism, Europe thus becomes the core of France’s international efforts against terrorism
Garrigos, Mariel. "Les aspects procéduraux de la lutte contre le terrorisme : étude de droit interne et international." Paris 1, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA010323.
Full textVaštakas, Linas. "The definition of terrorism in international law." Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2013. http://vddb.laba.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2013~D_20130626_184831-12211.
Full textAtsižvelgdamas į plačiai pripažįstamą faktą, kad tarptautinėje teisėje nėra terorizmo apibrėžimo, ir į dar kartą nepavykusius Jungtinių Tautų Organizacijos 2013 m. balandžio mėnesio bandymus dėl jo susitarti, šis darbas siekia pasiūlyti tokį apibrėžimą. Pirmasis skyrius iš pradžių bando paaiškinti, kodėl tarptautinėje teisėje reikalingas terorizmo apibrėžimas. Skyriuje nagrinėjami tokie klausimai kaip tarptautinis terorizmo kriminalizavimas, sektorinės kovos su terorizmu konvencijos ir Saugumo Tarybos valstybėms nustatyti įsipareigojimai kovoti su terorizmu. Prieštaraudamas Rosalyn Higgins ir John Dugard išreikštoms nuomonėms, autorius pateikia argumentus, kaip toks apibrėžimas galėtų išspręsti efektyvaus reguliavimo problemas visose minėtose srityse. Antrasis skyrius tuomet klausia, kodėl, jeigu apibrėžimas reikalingas, jis vis dar neegzistuoja. Skyrius apžvelgia pagrindinius istorinius mėginimus apibrėžti terorizmą, siekdamas nustatyti pagrindines kliūtis ir svarbiausius pasiekimus tariantis dėl apibrėžimo. Autorius atskleidžia, kad pagrindinės kliūtys kilo dėl nesutarimų, ar valstybės ir nacionalinio išsivadavimo judėjimai gali būti terorizmo vykdytojai. Be sutartyse pateikiamų apibrėžimų, autorius nagrinėja ir kritikuoja Specialiojo Tribunolo Libanui 2011 m. Ayyash byloje pateiktus argumentus, kad taikos metu taikomas terorizmo apibrėžimas neva jau susiformavo tarptautinėje paprotinėje teisėje. Trečiajame skyriuje, remiantis pirmųjų dviejų skyrių išvadomis, nagrinėjami... [toliau žr. visą tekstą]
Rappelant l'absence de la définition du terrorisme en droit international, cette thèse vise à proposer une telle définition. Le Chapitre Un explique le besoin de définir le terrorisme. Par la suite, le Chapitre analyse la criminalisation du terrorisme international, les conventions sectorielles contre le terrorisme et les obligations de combattre le terrorisme imposée par le Conseil de sécurité. En désaccord avec les opinions exprimées par Rosalyn Higgins et John Dugard, l'auteur avance des arguments défendant une telle définition, et expliquant comment elle pourrait contribuer à résoudre les problèmes d'efficacité et de légitimité dans tous ces domaines. Le Chapitre Deux demande alors pourquoi, si une définition est nécessaire, elle n'existe pas. Ce Chapitre examine les principales tentatives historiques pour définir le terrorisme. Il essaie d'identifier les principaux obstacles et avancées à l'accord. On en conclut que les principaux obstacles étaient les désaccords concernant le fait que les Etats et les mouvements de libération nationale puissent être des acteurs du terrorisme. Mis à part les définitions conventionnelles, l'auteur analyse également et critique les arguments de l'arrêt de Ayyash 2011 par le Tribunal spécial pour le Liban sur la prétendue émergence d'une définition du temps de paix du terrorisme en droit international coutumier. Le Chapitre Trois s'appuie ensuite sur les deux premiers chapitres et analyse les éléments de la définition du terrorisme: les... [toliau žr. visą tekstą]
Jalloul-El, Mir Hala. "Les Etats du Maghreb central et la lutte internationale contre le terrorisme depuis 2001." Paris 5, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA05D017.
Full textSince the attacks of September 11, 2001, states have collectively strengthened their legal counter-terrorism frameworks and have reformed their national security strategies. This “global fight against terrorism” has been initiated by the United States and coordinated by many international organizations in order to manage and defeat terrorist's threats, which are deterritorialized, transnational and more “global” since 2001. Maghreb states take part of this multilateral counterterrorist effort at several levels : as actors in the construction of new laws, and also as beneficiaries of these laws. They get into this international “war on terror” through international organizations' actions, regional cooperation - particularly in the Mediterranean region – and with applying at national level, the new rules of counterterrorism multilateral laws. This thesis entends in the first place to report the actual state of law institutions in regards of this field on all international, regional, and national levels in the Maghreb states. It also questions the power relations revealed by security partnerships resulting from the international fight against terrorism. Finally this thesis aims to analyze the implementation of policies of exceptions and restrictions on freedoms and rights in Algeria, Morocco and Tunisia - these new counter-terrorism rules offer the Maghreb states opportunities that go beyond the mere issues of security order
Flagel, Amélie-Anne. "Le renouveau de la piraterie internationale." Thesis, Nouvelle Calédonie, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013NCAL0043/document.
Full textIn 2012, pirates are still rampant on the seas. While we thought them to be moribund or embedded in the mass of terrorists, pirates have made a marked resurgence in the international and legal concerns. The challenge is to adapt the consensual and flexible, international law, to obligations inevitably arising from the repression of an international offense. The task is difficult, because it is a search for a balance between a binding (and effective) legal order, and the protection of state interests, pillar of international law. It is therefore necessary to approach the revival of piracy from different angles:• first, identifying the characteristics of the « new » piracy, which has managed to integrate technical progress in a classic pattern;• then, inventorying the means of legal repression that are available to the International Community, as well as highlighting the flaws or weaknesses of the legal system. This step involves identifying international texts and confronting them to the actual situation. On piracy, the issue of Somalia cannot be avoided, but other less publicized areas provide innovative solutions. The approach also consists in studying various national laws on piracy in order to emphasize the importance of uniform international rules for an effective repression;• it is necessary to address the piracy vertically, by integrating the process of studying legal responses, from capture to imprisonment of the pirate, without ignoring the terms of judgment and protection of human rights. There is also a need to extract from the pure legal approach, to assess the economic and social factors that constitute its close and consequences;• finally, having highlighted the multiple aspects of a multifaceted offense, we must try to give legal answers that are in accordance with traditional pillars of international law: sovereignty and equality of States, yet effective. It is also the role of lawyers to offering original thought axes, although these have little chance to be followed in the current international context.Piracy, an international crime, now requires a reflection on the role of the International Community, as the subject, compared to traditional actors such as States, and to coercive powers at its disposal to ensure the protection of the international public order.Keywords: Maritime piracy, international law, terrorism, Somalia, international crime, Montego Bay Convention
Rizzo, Anthony. "La confiscation et le gel préventif d’avoirs terroristes :quelle place pour les droits fondamentaux dans la lutte contre le crime et le terrorisme ?" Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2020. https://dipot.ulb.ac.be/dspace/bitstream/2013/315734/3/table.pdf.
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Bertrand, Virginie. "Crimes de guerre au XXe siècle et juridictions pénales internationales." Thesis, Montpellier 3, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012MON30066.
Full textWar crimes are serious violations of international criminal law. However, each new conflict, international or non-international, gives rise to the commission of war crimes. Why ? Does-it have factors that predispose to violent behaviours ? The 20th century is the century of international criminal law which is first characterized by the establishment of international military tribunals after the discovery of the atrocities of World War II, then international tribunals « ad hoc », eventually it ends by the introduction of an international criminal court. International Criminal Tribunals established for former Yugoslavia and Rwanda have permitted the application of International Conventions, defining armed conflict’s rules, to non-international armed conflicts. What was the impact of these tribunals’ case laws on war crime concept ? Eventually, even if the establishment of International Criminal Court gave hope to combat impunity, its status highlights the delicate balance between states’ sovereignty and the willingness of universal justice. Transitional justice was introduced to complete or to replace institutional justice in some cases. One of transitional justice’s objectives is to make a transition a transition between wartime and peacetime as smooth as possible even if many challenges remain. In fact, the fast restoration of lasting peace would it not be better ? The transitional justice leads us to wonder if we have to judge or forgive war crimes ?
Lericolais, Marine. "Terrorisme international et mesures de sûreté : analyse économique du comportement du voyageur sur le réseau de transport aérien mondial." Phd thesis, Université Lumière - Lyon II, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00816114.
Full textDepigny, Marine. "Terrorisme international et mesures de sûreté : analyse économique du comportement du voyageur sur le réseau de transport aérien mondial." Thesis, Lyon 2, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011LYO22020/document.
Full textIn our dissertation, we question the impact of both international terrorism and security measures on the behavior of the users of the global air transportation network. Using an econometric model, we analyze a new database, AirNetTerror, which contains data on all international passenger flows toward the U.S. from 1990 to 2006 as well as the events of international terrorism by country for the same period. The relevance of our research is twofold. On the one hand, our investigation regarding air travelers’ behavior and their possibilities of modifying their itinerary in light of international terrorism has – so far as we know – never been studied. On the other hand, as we analyze passenger flows from the perspective of the network, we propose a dynamic representation of the impact of travelers’ behavior changes related to terrorist threats and security measures. In particular, taking into account the interdependent security that rules the global air transport network, allows us to question the existence of failures in security measures. Our results underline a significant impact of both international terrorist events and security measures. Furthermore, we locally observe itinerary modifications of travelers that are linked to the previous phenomena. Thus, the combined effect of terrorist threats and security measures seems to lead to equilibrium breaks – that are limited but real – in passenger flows of the global air network. Our thesis offers a different representation of the impact of international terrorism on air transport by placing the traveler’s behavior at the center of the strategic interactions between security actors and terrorists
Brochot, Vanessa. "La circulation des normes en matière de lutte contre le terrorisme : Etude critique à la lumière des normes internationales américaines, anglaises, canadiennes, espagnoles et françaises." Paris 2, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA020131.
Full textTouchot, Olivier. "Etude comparée des législations antiterroristes en France, au Royaume Uni et aux Etats Unis." Paris 2, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA020051.
Full textAlghfeli, Saeed. "La répression du crime organisé aux Émirats arabes unis : les instruments internationaux et nationaux de lutte contre le blanchiment d'argent provenant d'activités illicites." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018AIXM0106.
Full textThe repression of organized crime is a key issue of International cooperation. The laundering of money from illicit activities is the final phase of trafficking of all kinds, which is taking advantage of new technologies and the globalization of trade. Profits from criminal activities infiltrate legal economic activities. Money laundering then appears to be a threat to global economic stability. The detection of suspicious financial movements is essential to avoid the contamination of the financial system by transnational crime. The consolidation of economic activities on a global scale implies the commitment of all states. National laws implement many International instruments that criminalize money laundering and organize mutual legal assistance. The private banking system plays an important role in this legal system. The facts show that organized crime circuits are used by terrorist organizations to finance themselves. Terrorism's ability to control large areas and to carry out attacks around the world is a threat to International security. Cutting the financing of terrorism channels is a priority objective. It has led states to extend their cooperation and to improve the supervision of financial transactions and by adapting repressive measures to the specificities of terrorism. The United Arab Emirates, the leading financial and commercial center in the Gulf, is playing its part in the fight against crime money and the financing of terrorism
El, Banna Badr. "La place du Liban dans la répression internationale du blanchiment d'argent et du financement du terrorisme." Paris 2, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA020006.
Full textBrulin, Rémi. "Le discours américain sur le terrorisme : Constitution, évolution et contextes d’énonciation (1972-1992)." Thesis, Paris 3, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA030163/document.
Full textSince the attacks of September 11, 2001 against New York and Washington, D.C., the term of « terrorism » took a dominating place in the American political speech. Deeply pejorative and always accompanied by a strong moral judgment, it has been used to explain and justify the use of force in several regions around the world and curbs on the civil liberties of American citizens, all in spite of the absence of a clear definition of this concept at the American as well as at the international level. The American discourse on terrorism made its appearance on the political scene during the last decade of the Cold war, the Soviet Union and its « totalitarian » allies being described by Ronald Reagan as resorting to « international terrorism » in order to fulfill their hegemonic goals and as waging a war against the whole civilized world, initially in Central America and then, more and more often, in the Middle East.The American president, expressing himself in a protected context, never had to put forth an explicit definition of the term. However, the debates in Congress, at the General Assembly and the Security Council of the United Nations reveal that this concept was strongly disputed at the time both within the American government and at the international level, and that the representatives of the American government defended not one but multiple and very different discourses, each adapted to its specific context of enunciation. Through this process of compartmentalization, made possible by the absence of a clear and widely-accepted definition of « terrorism » but also by the role played by experts and the media, the American discourse was able to impose itself on the political scene in spite of its internal contradictions and, after the interlude of the 1990s, to complete its triumphant comeback after September 11, 2001
Bissieux, Etienne. "Le respect des droits fondamentaux face aux nouvelles conflictualités : approche européenne d'un régime juridique pluriel." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013LORR0355.
Full textThe non-conventional, primacy of the contemporary conflicts, alters the useful ways of legal and military settlement. De facto, beyond the traditional dichotomy combattant versus non combattant, and to the obsolete notions of declaration of war and war, substitute a wide diversity of aggressors and a superposition of legal frameworks, the very basis of the interaction of applicable standards in this case, at the level of both the local internal law, the regional European law and the international law. The legal translation of this confusion figures particularly in european case law and more usually in the rise of Europe and its laws modifications. The complex inter-jurisdictional connections, horizontal and vertical, are particularly present in case of fight against terrorism embodying the continuous balancing test of the collective security and protection of fundamental laws. In addition, the shift in the centre of gravity of the new conflicts, from the scope of the public security to the defence, leads to consequences in the field of fundamental laws respect and doctrine of use of armed forces. They are the main agents of the practical weathering of the distinguo jus ad bellum, jus in bello, sued on the basis of new concepts, which are so many arguments to overhaul the obsolete modus operandi, explaining questions related to interpretation of existing law (lex lata) and the nature of the necessary modifications (lex ferenda)
Yo, Anna. "La sécurité financière : perspective nouvelle de la lutte internationale contre le blanchiment d'argent et le financement du terrorisme." Thesis, Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018UBFCF008.
Full textThe international fight against money laundering and the financing of terrorism can be defined as the set of measures helping eradicate illicit financial flows.The legal framework as it is settled on and implemented into national legal orders is a combination of the United Nations (UN) conventions and the recommendations of the Financial Action Task Force (FATF).It was built over the past 30 years in response to the threat posed by certain forms of crime such as drug trafficking, transnational crime and the financing of terrorism.This work ambitions to highlight the emergence of an inherent principle to the fight against criminal financial flows through the concept of international financial security, which appears as the main goal of the measures adopted in the context aforementioned.We illustrate this assumption with an analysis of the international crime policy, in other words all the processes through which the international community organizes responses to the phenomenon of financial crime. This analysis permits to behold the shape of what we call “financial security” and demonstrates that the answer of the international community tends inexorably to the establishment of a sort of “international financial security”.This financial security stands for an order.An order established in both international law and domestic law, an order that is characterized by what we call "droit à texture multiple avec primauté de la soft law".This order justifies and bases both preventive and repressive obligations, despite the restrictions it imposes on fundamental rights. This order contains a whole set of prescriptions whose aim to protect the international society from the factors of disorder such us illicit financial flows, organized crime and terrorism.Financial security is as much a goal to reach as a necessity.We consolidate this premise with an afterthought on the challenge of establishing financial security and the means that can be used to guarantee its effectiveness
Beye, Pape Moussa. "Libéralisme et exception : l'état de droit et le système onusien de sécurité collective à l'épreuve du jihadisme international." Thesis, Paris 2, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA020027/document.
Full textOutstanding event, September 11 attacks marked the entrance of the world politics to the era of the threat of the international jihadism. If the appearance of this threat is previous in 2001, the qaidiste attack committed against the United States indeed represented a large-scale qualitative jump, in the fact that it was synonymic of aggression committed by private actors at the heart of the cold postwar hyperpower, and in the fact that it constitued the starting point of a considerable development of the jihadist danger. From the spectacular destruction of the World Trade Center to the attacks of November 13th, via the kidnapping of the high school students of Chibok or the erection of the Islamic State, the jihadism came to represent a really global challenge, in the forms as diverse asvaried. Privileged targets of the Jihadist strengths, the western liberal democracies have then answered this challenge by making a commitment in a multifaceted ''war against the terrorism'' (military interventions, antiterrorist measures, etc.). If several extreme left-wing intellectuals, registered in a perspective of critic of the political liberalism, considered, by being inspired by Carl Schmitt's reflection, that the contemporary western States are plunged into a permanent state of exception, which the fight against the jihadism constitued either the trigger, or the revelation, we consider for our part, that this thesis does not simply allow to be made an exact idea of the legal and political effects of the post-September 11's anti-jihadism. Where from the necessity of discussing it by proceeding to the in-depth study of the context and the principles to which refers
Babaeizadeh, Balmeri Mohsen. "Le conflit syrien au regard du droit international : quelles évolutions en matière de maintien de la paix et de la sécurité internationales ?" Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LORR0208.
Full textThe Syrian conflict is unprecedent. It involves several forms of threat to international peace and security. It is the question of the type of the threat to international peace and security and the answer that the international community can be provided to it. In this regard, international peacekeeping law provides a series of legal mechanisms applicable to armed conflict. However, using of these mecanisms show some legal advances in the area of conflict. Despite, some legal advances in the area of peacekeeping law, there are still legal gaps for examination of these mechanisms. In order to find an effective response, several international organizations have been involved in this conflict : the United Nations, the International Atomic Energy Agency, the International Organization of Chemical Weapons, the League of Arabe States and the EU. The effectiveness of the measures taken by these organizations is a major challenge. The actions taken by these organizations show the evolution of the law of peacekeeping. At this point, the UN-OPCW joint mission in the framework of the dismantling of Syrian chemical weapons is a good example of the evolution in international community of peace and security. Yet the actions of the other international organizations such as the League of Arabe States or the International Atomic Energy Agency have not contributed to the resolution of the conflict. Indeed, the intrinsic legal shortcomings of the UN Charter and the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons are causing difficulties for an effective response on the part of these two organizations. Due to the involvement of many States in the Syrian conflict, many regional repercussions should be considered. On this point, several legal challenges have arisen, such as cyberwarfare, the destruction of historical heritages, the question of the recognition of the Kurdish people and the fight against terrorism. In this content, the involvement of the Security Council gives a new vision of its responsibility as guardian of international peace and security. In the face of these new challenges, the Security Council resolutions show an evolution of international peacekeeping law ; However the difficulties associated with these developments are not able to resolve complex conflicts such as the Syrian conflict
Stimphat, Yves-Fils. "La lutte internationale contre le blanchiment de capitaux et le financement du terrorisme : exemple de la France et d'Haïti." Thesis, Lyon, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LYSE3033.
Full textThe increasing interest of countries to combat money laundering has initially been expressed through unilateral actions geared specifically to combatting drug trafficking. The takeover of the fight against money laundering by the international community, otherwise triggered by the disastrous consequences of drug trafficking and the products attained therefrom on the world economy, has imposed at a later stage the conjunction of national initiatives in this area. However, concerning the phenomenon of money laundering lato sensu, the comprehensive approach adopted has generated innumerous norms from international and regional bodies outlining an ambiguous and inapplicable framework.Amid this normative chaos, the Financial Action Task Force stands, since its creation in 1989, as the arena for setting, broadcasting, and ensuring adequate interpretation and implementation of Anti-Money Laundering (AML) international norms. The AML norms include inter alia the UN Conventions and UN Security Council’s resolutions. The effectiveness of the national systems is pursued on the basis of preventive measures in strict proportion to actual risks of money laundering and terrorist financing
Norberg, Naomi. "L' internationalisation du droit américain : l'Alien Tort Claims Act et le dispositif antiterroriste." Paris 1, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA010254.
Full textWorrell, Blake Greig James Michael. "Determinants of international terrorist group formation, 1968-1999." [Denton, Tex.] : University of North Texas, 2007. http://digital.library.unt.edu/permalink/meta-dc-5107.
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