Academic literature on the topic 'Test de proximité'
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Journal articles on the topic "Test de proximité"
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Desrosiers, Yvon. "Les représentations de la mort." Santé mentale au Québec 10, no. 1 (2006): 122–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/030276ar.
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Résumé Dans cet article, nous explorons les représentations de la mort élaborées par des personnes en proximité immédiate (personnelle ou professionnelle) avec la mort. Seize personnes en deuil, vingt-cinq intervenants auprès de personnes immédiatement concernées par la mort et vingt-trois sujets «normaux» (contrôle) c'est-à-dire sans proximité immédiate avec la mort, ont rempli le test projectif AT9 du psychologue Yves Durand. Une conclusion théorique importante se dégage de cette enquête exploratoire: la proximité de la mort ne semble pas affecter les représentations de la mort. Au niveau de l'intervention, l'exploration de cet univers imaginaire des représentations de la mort a permis aux intervenants d'aider les sujets affectés par la mort.
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BRULHART, Franck. "Proximité et réussite des partenariats verticaux logistiques dans le secteur agroalimentaire français." Management international 9, no. 4 (2005): 17–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.59876/a-6tyn-n48d.
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This paper aims to a better understanding of characteristics associated with the success of logistics partnerships. We hypothesize that similarity and trust are positively related to indicators of partnership success (satisfaction) and we analyze the relationship between these variables. Then we try to test these hypotheses using a structural equations model. [PUBLICATION ABSTRACT]
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Bouafia, Ali, and Ahmed Bouguerra. "Modélisation en centrifugeuse du comportement d'un pieu flexible chargé horizontalement à proximité d'un talus." Canadian Geotechnical Journal 32, no. 2 (1995): 324–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/t95-033.
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This paper presents the results of a static lateral loading test, carried out in a centrifuge, on the reduced model of a single pile, instrumented with strain gauges, installed near a dense sandy slope. The effect of the proximity of the slope on the behaviour of the pile is studied. P–Y lateral reaction curves are constructed, and the variations of the horizontal subgrade modulus are analyzed. A practical method, based on the correction of the horizontal soil P–Y curves, is proposed to study the behaviour of piles near a slope. Key words : horizontal loading, pile, centrifuge, slope, sand, P–Y curve.
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Berhe, Hiluf, Mulata Haftu, Senait Abrhaz, et al. "Preliminary report on a test excavation at the ancient iron smelting site of Gud Bahri (Wuqro, Tigray)." Annales d'Ethiopie 33, no. 1 (2020): 167–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/ethio.2020.1693.
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Une fouille préventive a été menée entre mai et juin 2018 sur le site de Gud Bahri, fortement menacé par l’expansion de la ville de Wuqro et le développement de nouvelles habitations dans sa partie nord. Six tranchées ont été ouvertes afin de vérifier la stratigraphie et la distribution horizontale des scories de fer identifiées en surface. Les tranchées 1, 3, 4 et 5 ont livré de grandes quantités de scories de fer, et les tranchées 2 et 6 ont permis d’identifier des murs qui suggèrent la présence d’un site résidentiel. La prospection et les analyses géochimiques montrent que le filon localisé à proximité du site pourrait avoir été la source de la production de fer. L’étude préliminaire des céramiques et les datations radiocarbone indiquent que le site a possiblement été occupé entre la période pré-aksumite et la période post-aksumite tardive.
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Yan, Bin, Zongyang Sun, Henry Fields, and Lin Wang. "La canine maxillaire incluse augmente le risque de résorption radiculaire des dents adjacentes : un problème de proximité anatomique." L'Orthodontie Française 86, no. 2 (2015): 169–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/orthodfr/2015014.
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Introduction : Notre objectif est d’étudier la fréquence, la localisation et l’étendue des résorptions, ainsi que les facteurs de risque de ces résorptions radiculaires associées aux canines incluses (RRACI) dans une population de patients chinois qui, contrairement aux caucasiens, présentent de façon prédominante des canines incluses en ectopie vestibulaire. Méthodes : Des cone beam (CBCT) de 170 sujets chinois (âge 12–30 ans; moyenne 14,5 ans) présentant des canines incluses (101 en position vestibulaire et 69 en position palatine) ont été comparés à ceux de 170 patients d’âge et de sexe équivalents sans canine incluse. Tous les cone beam furent analysés grâce à un logiciel par un seul évaluateur. La fréquence, la localisation et l’étendue des RRACI ont été évaluées sur les incisives centrales et latérales maxillaires, ainsi que sur la 1re prémolaire maxillaire. Afin d’identifier les facteurs de risques des RRACI, les sujets présentant des canines incluses ont été séparés en deux groupes (avec et sans résorption radiculaire). Pour chaque dent, dix variables ont été mesurées et comparées pour chaque groupe puis soumise à un test statistique de régression logique binaire. Résultats : En comparant avec le groupe contrôle et le côté indemne d’inclusion canine, les résorptions radiculaires étaient significativement plus présentes chez les sujets comportant les canines incluses et du côté de l’impaction (P < 0,001), avec un taux de prévalence respectif de 27 %, 18 % et 10 % sur l’incisive latérale maxillaire, l’incisive centrale et la 1re prémolaire. Affectant essentiellement le tiers apical, les RRACI, lorsqu’elles sont présentes, peuvent aussi atteindre la pulpe dentaire dans 36 % des incisives latérales maxillaires, 57 % des incisives centrales maxillaires et 0 % des premières prémolaires. Les différentes variables associées à la proximité radiculaire des dents adjacentes (présentant ou non des résorptions) à la canine incluse montrent des résultats différents selon les sites d’inclusion (quadrants), tandis que le stade de développement de la canine représente un facteur de risque significatif de résorption pour l’incisive centrale maxillaire et l’incisive latérale. Aucune différence significative de RRACI n’a été mise en évidence entre les sujets présentant des canines incluses en ectopie vestibulaires ou palatines. Le facteur de proximité entre la couronne de la canine et la racine dentaire, quelle qu’elle soit, représente le facteur de risque prédominant des RRACI. Une relation de proximité < 1 mm aboutissait à un taux de résorption radiculaire plus significatif comparée à une relation de proximité ≥ 1 mm. Les Odd ratios étaient de 9,9; 3,7 et 5,9 pour l’incisive latérale maxillaire, l’incisive centrale et la première prémolaire respectivement. Conclusions : Les canines maxillaires incluses augmentent le risque de résorption radiculaire des dents adjacentes (incisives et premières prémolaires). La proximité (<1 mm) entre la canine incluse et une racine adjacente est le facteur de risque de résorption radiculaire le plus significatif, que ce soit dans la population chinoise ou caucasienne.
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LORENZO, M. "Qu'est ce que le test de concordance de script ? Un outil d'évaluation du raisonnement clinique introduit par la réforme du deuxième cycle en France." EXERCER 32, no. 172 (2021): 185–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.56746/exercer.2021.172.185.
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La réforme du deuxième cycle des études médicales va introduire le test de concordance de script (TCS) parmi les outils d’évaluation du raisonnement clinique. L’objectif de cet article didactique est de présenter le principe du TCS et d’en détailler les principales modalités de conception afin de permettre aux généralistes enseignants intervenant dans le deuxième cycle des études médicales d’en concevoir des questions. Le TCS explore une sous-partie du raisonnement clinique : les processus analytiques. La particularité principale du TCS est que le score est attribué en fonction de la proximité de la réponse de l’étudiant avec celles d’un panel de référence. La deuxième partie de l’article apporte des conseils pratiques quant à la rédaction de questions, à la sélection de celles-ci et à l’utilisation du TCS.
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Labbé-Pinlon, Blandine, Cindy Lombart, Virginie Berger, and Didier Louis. "L’Éducation Thérapeutique en oncologie : mieux comprendre la satisfaction des patients envers leur expérience vécue." Recherches en Sciences de Gestion N° 155, no. 2 (2023): 161–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/resg.155.0161.
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Cette recherche propose de mieux comprendre la satisfaction des patients envers l’Education Thérapeutique en oncologie. Un test de modèle effectué sur 207 patientes (cancer du sein) confirme que l’empowerment et la proximité relationnelle en sont deux antécédents majeurs, l’attitude et le bouche-à-oreille deux conséquences importantes. Les relations sont toutefois modérées par le profil des patientes en termes de valeur perçue de l’expérience vécue. Ces résultats permettront de mieux valoriser l’Education Thérapeutique auprès des parties prenantes et de favoriser ainsi le développement de ce service de soins personnalisé et global, essentiel dans la prise en charge des maladies chroniques, mais encore limité en oncologie.
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Bent Mohamed, A., D. Cheikh, E. Thiam, and Philippe Jacquiet. "Diagnostic sérologique de la fasciolose bovine à Fasciola gigantica par un test Elisa en Mauritanie." Revue d’élevage et de médecine vétérinaire des pays tropicaux 56, no. 3-4 (2003): 135. http://dx.doi.org/10.19182/remvt.9854.
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Depuis la mise en eau des barrages de Diama et de Manantali sur le fleuve Sénégal, les trématodoses du bétail, dont la fasciolose à Fasciola gigantica, ont connu une recrudescence importante. Un test de dépistage sérologique par Elisa qui utilise comme antigène les produits d’excrétion-sécrétion des douves adultes a été développé. Les résultats de ce test ont été comparés à la recherche directe de douves adultes dans les canaux biliaires chez 176 bovins abattus dans la basse vallée du fleuve. Parmi les 40 bovins porteurs de douves adultes, 39 ont été positifs en Elisa. Par ailleurs, 24 bovins ont présenté des titres en anticorps élevés sans douves adultes dans leurs canaux biliaires. Pour 22 de ces 24 animaux, l’abattage a eu lieu entre mars et juillet, période pendant laquelle les bovins s’infestent, suggérant ainsi que l’essentiel des cas de discordance entre le diagnostic par Elisa et la recherche de douves adultes provenait d’un dépistage précoce de l’infestation par la méthode Elisa. La plupart des animaux présentant une infestation monospécifique par d’autres trématodes (Schistosoma bovis ou paramphistomes) n’ont pas eu d’anticorps anti-F. gigantica. Le suivi sérologique et coproscopique d’une cohorte de veaux soumis à une infestation naturelle à proximité du fleuve Sénégal a permis de confirmer que la période d’infestation a lieu de mars à juillet. De plus, une enquête transversale sur 15 troupeaux de bovins de la basse vallée du fleuve a permis de montrer que les deux tiers de ces troupeaux étaient infestés avec des prévalences sérologiques variant de 13 à 33 p. 100
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Redford, John, Henri-Paul Lieurade, Maxime Gueguin, Fikri Hafid, Christine Yang, and Jean-Michel Ghidaglia. "Modélisation numérique du phénomène de fretting-fatigue intervenant dans le vieillissement des conducteurs de lignes aériennes." Matériaux & Techniques 106, no. 3 (2018): 308. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/mattech/2018031.
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Les travaux présentés dans cet article s’inscrivent dans un projet de R&D mis en place par RTE (Réseau de Transport d’Electricité) et visant à évaluer le vieillissement des conducteurs électriques de lignes aériennes par des outils de simulation numérique. Après avoir rappelé la géométrie de tels conducteurs et l’utilisation qui en est faite, le principal risque d’endommagement de ces derniers est présenté. Il s’agit du phénomène de fretting-fatigue intervenant à proximité des systèmes de fixation des conducteurs au niveau des pylônes, pouvant produire la rupture de brins les constituant. Ainsi, une méthodologie originale est proposée de façon à évaluer, par l’intermédiaire d’un modèle éléments finis, la durée de vie des conducteurs vis-à-vis de ce risque. Cette méthodologie est ensuite appliquée sur un cas-test dont les données proviennent de la littérature. Enfin, des perspectives sont données concernant le modèle numérique employé et l’intégration de la démarche dans le projet de R&D concerné.
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Lapostolle, A., J. Vallée, V. Massari, and P. Chauvin. "Le recours au test volontaire de dépistage VIH : étudier le rôle de la proximité aux médecins de ville et aux centres de dépistage anonyme et gratuit, Île-de-France." Revue d'Épidémiologie et de Santé Publique 61 (October 2013): S332. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.respe.2013.07.436.
Full textDissertations / Theses on the topic "Test de proximité"
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Mangat, Pranjyoti. "Proximity and distance, student responses to an Indo-Canadian literary text." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape3/PQDD_0003/MQ59759.pdf.
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Yang, Mengta. "Depth Functions, Multidimensional Medians and Tests of Uniformity on Proximity Graphs." Thesis, The George Washington University, 2014. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3615104.
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<p> We represent the <i>d</i>-dimensional random vectors as vertices of a complete weighted graph and propose depth functions that are applicable to distributions in <i>d</i>-dimensional spaces and data on graphs. We explore the proximity graphs, examine their connection to existing depth functions, define a family of depth functions on the β-skeleton graph, suggest four types of depth functions on the minimal spanning tree (MST) and define depth functions including path depth, path depth of path length at most δ, all paths probability depth, eccentricity depth, peeling depth and RUNT depth. We study their properties, including affine invariance, maximality at the center, monotonicity and vanishing at infinity. We show that the β-skeleton depth is a family of statistical depth functions and define the sample β-skeleton depth function. We show that it has desirable asymptotic properties, including uniform consistency and asymptotic normality. We consider the corresponding multidimensional medians, investigate their robustness, computational complexity, compare them in a simulation study to find the multivariate medians under different distributions and sample sizes and explore the asymptotic properties of β-skeleton median. We generalize the univariate Greenwood statistic and Hegazy-Green statistic using depth induced order statistics and propose two new test statistics based on normal copula and interpoint distances for testing multivariate uniformity. We generalize the path depth under two-sample setting and propose a new multivariate equality of DF test. We study their empirical power against several copula and multivariate <i>Beta</i> alternatives. The topic is complemented with a discussion on the distribution and moments of the interpoint distances (ID) between bivariate uniform random vectors and the IDs between FGM copula random vectors.</p>
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Fermanian, Jean-Baptiste. "High dimensional multiple means estimation and testing with applications to machine learning." Electronic Thesis or Diss., université Paris-Saclay, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024UPASM035.
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Nous étudions dans cette thèse l'influence de la grande dimension dans des problèmes de test et d'estimation. Notre analyse porte sur la dépendance en la dimension de la vitesse de séparation d'un test de proximité et du risque quadratique de l'estimation multiples de vecteurs. Nous complétons les résultats existants en étudiant ces dépendances dans le cas de distributions non isotropes. Pour de telles distributions, le rôle de la dimension est alors joué par des notions de dimension effective définies à partir de la covariance des distributions. Ce cadre permet d'englober des données de dimension infinie comme le kernel mean embedding, outil de machine learning que nous chercherons à estimer. A l'aide de cette analyse, nous construisons des méthodes d'estimation simultanée de vecteurs moyennes de différentes distributions à partir d'échantillons indépendants de chacune. Ces estimateurs ont de meilleures performances théorique et pratique relativement aux moyennes empiriques, en particulier dans des situations défavorables où la dimension (effective) est grande. Ces méthodes utilisent explicitement ou implicitement la relative facilité du test par rapport à l'estimation. Elles reposent sur la construction d'estimateurs de distances et de moments de la covariance pour lesquels nous fournissons des bornes de concentration non asymptotiques. Un intérêt particulier est porté à l'étude de données bornées pour lesquels une analyse spécifique est nécessaire. Nos méthodes sont accompagnées d'une analyse minimax justifiant leur optimalité. Dans une dernière partie, nous proposons une interprétation du mécanisme d'attention utilisé dans les réseaux de neurones Transformers comme un problème d'estimation multiple de vecteurs. Dans un cadre simplifié, ce mécanisme partage des idées similaires avec nos approches et nous mettons en évidence son effet de débruitage en grande dimension<br>In this thesis, we study the influence of high dimension in testing and estimation problems. We analyze the dimension dependence of the separation rate of a closeness test and of the quadratic risk of multiple vector estimation. We complement existing results by studying these dependencies in the case of non-isotropic distributions. For such distributions, the role of dimension is played by notions of effective dimension defined from the covariance of the distributions. This framework covers infinite-dimensional data such as kernel mean embedding, a machine learning tool we will be seeking to estimate. Using this analysis, we construct methods for simultaneously estimating mean vectors of different distributions from independent samples of each. These estimators perform better theoretically and practically than the empirical mean in unfavorable situations where the (effective) dimension is large. These methods make explicit or implicit use of the relative ease of testing compared with estimation. They are based on the construction of estimators of distances and moments of covariance, for which we provide non-asymptotic concentration bounds. Particular interest is given to the study of bounded data, for which a specific analysis is required. Our methods are accompanied by a minimax analysis justifying their optimality. In a final section, we propose an interpretation of the attention mechanism used in Transformer neural networks as a multiple vector estimation problem. In a simplified framework, this mechanism shares similar ideas with our approaches, and we highlight its denoising effect in high dimension
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Webster, Keith Gordon. "Investigation of Close Proximity Underwater Explosion Effects on a Ship-Like Structure Using the Multi-Material Arbitrary Lagrangian Eulerian Finite Element Method." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/31077.
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This thesis investigates the characteristics of a close proximity underwater explosion and its effect on a ship-like structure. Finite element model tests are conducted to verify and validate the propagation of a pressure wave generated by an underwater explosion through a fluid medium, and the transmission of the pressure wave in the fluid to a structure using the Multi-Material Arbitrary Lagrangian/Eulerian method. A one dimensional case modeling the detonation of a spherical TNT charge underwater is investigated. Three dimensional cases modeling the detonation of an underwater spherical TNT charge, and US Navy Blast Test cases modeling a shape charge and a circular steel plate, and a shape charge and a Sandwich Plate System (SPS) are also investigated. This thesis provides evidence that existing tools and methodologies have some capability for predicting early-time/close proximity underwater explosion effects, but are insufficient for analyses beyond the arrival of the initial shock wave. This thesis shows that a true infinite boundary condition, a modified Gruneisen equation of state near the charge, and the ability to capture shock without a very small element size is needed in order to provide a sufficient means for predicting early-time/close proximity underwater explosion effects beyond the arrival of the initial shock wave.<br>Master of Science
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Baker, Jennifer. "From Comparative Genomics to Synthetic Biology| Using Ancestral Gene Reconstruction Approaches to Test Hypotheses Regarding Proximate Mechanisms in our Evolutionary History." Thesis, The George Washington University, 2015. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3688029.
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<p> At its core human evolutionary biology seeks to answer the question of how the defining characteristics of modern humans evolved, such as large-brains, obligatory bipedal gait, extended juvenile period, and increased longevity. Traditional fossil-based research uses morphology to infer behavior and life history and only recently have researchers been able to make predictions regarding the effect of modifications to the DNA and proteins of our forbearers. Using these innovative methods we investigated the molecular evolution of a superfamily of transcription factors called the Nuclear Receptors. The patterns of sequence evolution observed in our bioinformatic analyses suggest a shift in the intensity of selection pressure occurred on <i>NR2C1</i>, a gene that plays a role early in embryonic stem cell proliferation and neuronal differentiation. Methods are now available to reconstruct ancestral DNA and its corresponding protein sequences and thus generate testable hypotheses about the functional evolution of genes on specific lineages. These methods allowed us to analyze how modifications to the modern human version of <i> NR2C1</i> affected the ability of an embryonic stem cell to remain in its proliferative state. We began by creating three different copies of our gene of interest: the human copy, the chimpanzee copy, and the ancestral copy of <i>NR2C1</i> for the inferred last common ancestor of chimpanzee and modern humans. Inserting these three different gene variants into mouse embryonic stem cells that have had NR2C1 knocked down allowed us to quantitatively analyze the transcriptional and regulatory functions of <i>NR2C1</i>. </p>
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Davidowitz, Goggy, Derek Roff, and H. Frederik Nijhout. "Synergism and Antagonism of Proximate Mechanisms Enable and Constrain the Response to Simultaneous Selection on Body Size and Development Time: An Empirical Test Using Experimental Evolution." UNIV CHICAGO PRESS, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/622053.
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Natural selection acts on multiple traits simultaneously. How mechanisms underlying such traits enable or constrain their response to simultaneous selection is poorly understood. We show how antagonism and synergism among three traits at the developmental level enable or constrain evolutionary change in response to simultaneous selection on two focal traits at the phenotypic level. After 10 generations of 25% simultaneous directional selection on all four combinations of body size and development time in Manduca sexta (Sphingidae), the changes in the three developmental traits predict 93% of the response of development time and 100% of the response of body size. When the two focal traits were under synergistic selection, the response to simultaneous selection was enabled by juvenile hormone and ecdysteroids and constrained by growth rate. When the two focal traits were under antagonistic selection, the response to selection was due primarily to change in growth rate and constrained by the two hormonal traits. The approach used here reduces the complexity of the developmental and endocrine mechanisms to three proxy traits. This generates explicit predictions for the evolutionary response to selection that are based on biologically informed mechanisms. This approach has broad applicability to a diverse range of taxa, including algae, plants, amphibians, mammals, and insects.
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Maršálek, Tomáš. "Návrh vyhledávacího systému pro moderní potřeby." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2016. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-262227.
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In this work I argue that field of text search has focused mostly on long text documents, but there is a growing need for efficient short text search, which has different user expectations. Due to this reduced data set size requirements different algorithmic techniques become more computationally affordable. The focus of this work is on approximate and prefix search and purely text based ranking methods, which are needed due to lower precision of text statistics on short text. A basic prototype search engine has been created using the researched techniques. Its capabilities were demonstrated on example search scenarios and the implementation was compared to two other open source systems representing currently recommended approaches for short text search problem. The results show feasibility of the implemented prototype regarding both user expectations and performance. Several options of future direction of the system are proposed.
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Mendes, Tiago. "Identification of the modulators of and the molecular pathways involved in the BIN1-Tau interaction." Thesis, Lille 2, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LIL2S033/document.
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Les principales caractéristiques neuropathologiques de la maladie d’Alzheimer (MA) sont les plaques séniles extracellulaires composées de peptide amyloïde β (Aβ) et les enchevêtrements neurofibrillaires intracellulaires composés de Tau hyperphosphorylé. Les mécanismes conduisant à la formation de ces lésions sont encore peu connus et le laboratoire a récemment caractériser le gène “bridging integrator 1” (BIN1), deuxième facteur de risque génétique le plus associé au risque de MA, comme facteur de risque potentiellement associé à la pathologie Tau. Une interaction entre les deux protéines a été décrite in vitro et in vivo suggérant que BIN1 pourrait être impliqué dans le développement de la pathologie associée à Tau dans le cadre de la MA. Cependant, ce rôle de l'interaction BIN1-Tau dans le processus pathophysiologique de la MA n'est pas connu et il reste ainsi à déterminer si cette interaction constitue une cible thérapeutique potentielle. Ce projet a visé alors à mieux comprendre les acteurs de cette interaction en identifiant les modulateurs et les voies moléculaires impliquées dans le contrôle de l'interaction BIN1-Tau, puis de déterminer comment cette interaction est modulée dans le contexte de la MA. Nous avons utilisé pour cela des approches complémentaires de biochimie, de résonance magnétique nucléaire et de microscopie confocale. Comme modèle cellulaire, des cultures primaires de neurones de rat ont été utilisées, et la méthode “proximity ligation assay” (PLA) a été développée comme approche principale pour observer l'interaction BIN1-Tau dans ces cellules. Nous avons déterminé que l'interaction se produit entre les domaines SH3 de BIN1 et le PRD de Tau et nous avons démontré que l’interaction est modulée par la phosphorylation de Tau et BIN1: la phosphorylation de la Thréonine 231 de Tau diminue son interaction avec BIN1, tandis que la phosphorylation de BIN1 à la Thréonine 348 (T348) augmente son interaction avec Tau. Nous avons mis au point une approche de criblage d’haut contenu semi-automatisée et basé sur une bibliothèque de composés commerciaux. Ce criblage s’est basé sur des cultures primaires de neurones comme modèle cellulaire et le PLA pour détecter l'interaction BIN1-Tau. Nous avons identifié plusieurs composés capables de moduler l'interaction BIN1-Tau, notamment U0126, un inhibiteur de MEK-1/2, qui diminue cette interaction, et la cyclosporine A, un inhibiteur de la calcineurine, qui au contraire augmente celle-ci en augmentant la phosphorylation de T348 de BIN1. Par ailleurs les “Cyclin-dependent kinases” (CDK) ont été montré comme contrôlant aussi ce site de phosphorylation. Nous avons donc mis en évidence le couple Calcineurine/CDK comme contrôlant la phosphorylation T348 de Bin1 et donc l’interaction BIN1-Tau. Nous avons également développé un modèle murin de tauopathie dans lequel nous avons surexprimé BIN1 humain. Nous avons observé que la surexpression de BIN1 résorbait les déficits de mémoire à long terme et réduisait la présence d'inclusions intracellulaires de Tau phosphorylée, provoquées par la surexpression de Tau, ce qui était associé à une augmentation de l'interaction BIN1-Tau. En utilisant des échantillons de cerveau humain post-mortem, nous avons observé que les niveaux de l’isoforme BIN1 neuronal étaient diminués dans les cerveaux d’AD, alors que les niveaux relatifs de BIN1 phosphorylé à T348 étaient augmentés, suggérant un mécanisme compensatoire. Cette étude a démontré la complexité et la dynamique de l’interaction BIN1-Tau dans les neurones, a révélé des modulateurs et des voies moléculaires potentiellement impliquées dans cette interaction, et a montré que les variations de l’expression ou de l’activité de BIN1 ont des effets directs sur l’apprentissage et la mémoire, possiblement liés à la régulation de son interaction avec Tau<br>The main neuropathological hallmarks of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) are the extracellular senile plaques composed of amyloid-β peptide (Aβ) and the intracellular neurofibrillary tangles composed of hyperphosphorylated Tau. The mechanisms leading to the formation of these lesions is not well understood and our lab has recently characterized the bridging integrator 1 (BIN1) gene, the second most associated genetic risk factor of AD and the first genetic risk factor to have a potential link to Tau pathology. The interaction between BIN1 and Tau proteins has been described in vitro and in vivo, which suggests that BIN1 might help us to understand Tau pathology in the context of AD. However, the role of BIN1-Tau interaction in the pathophysiological process of AD is not known, and whether this interaction is a potential therapeutic target remains to be determined. The aim of this project is to better understand the actors of BIN1-Tau interaction through the identification of the modulators and the molecular pathways involved therein, as well as to understand how BIN1-Tau interaction is modulated in the context of AD. We employed biochemistry, nuclear magnetic resonance, and confocal microscopy. We used rat primary neuronal cultures (PNC) as the cellular model and developed the proximity ligation assay (PLA) as the main readout of the BIN1-Tau interaction in cultured neurons. We determined that the interaction occurs between BIN1’s SH3 domain and Tau’s PRD domain, and demonstrated that it is modulated by Tau and BIN1 phosphorylation: phosphorylation of Tau at Threonine 231 decreases its interaction with BIN1, while phosphorylation of BIN1 at Threonine 348 (T348) increases its interaction with Tau. We developed a novel, semi-automated high content screening (HCS) assay based on a commercial compound library, also using PNC as the cellular model and PLA as the readout of BIN1-Tau interaction. We identified several compounds that are able to modulate the BIN1-Tau interaction, most notably U0126, an inhibitor of MEK-1/2, which reduced the interaction, and Cyclosporin A, an inhibitor of Calcineurin, which increased the interaction through increasing the BIN1 phosphorylation at T348. Furthermore, Cyclin-dependent kinases (CDK) were also shown as regulator of this phosphorylation site. These results suggest that the couple Calcineurin/CDK regulates BIN1 phosphorylation at T348 and consequently the BIN1-Tau interaction. We also developed a mouse model of tauopathy in which we overexpressed human BIN1. We observed that the overexpression of BIN1 rescued the long-term memory deficits and reduced the presence of intracellular inclusions of phosphorylated Tau, caused by Tau overexpression, and this was associated with an increase of BIN1-Tau interaction. Also, using post-mortem human brain samples, we observed that the levels of the neuronal BIN1 isoform were decreased in AD brains, whereas the relative levels of BIN1 phosphorylated at T348 were increased, suggesting a compensatory mechanism. Altogether, this study demonstrated the complexity and the dynamics of BIN1-Tau interaction in neurons, revealed modulators of and molecular pathways potentially involved in this interaction, and showed that variations in BIN1 expression or activity have direct effects on learning and memory, possibly linked to the regulation of its interaction with Tau
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Sun, Chi-Chiang, and 孫紀強. "The Application of Process Failure Mode and Effect Analysis to Proximity Sensor with Ambient Light Sensor Test and Tapping Machine." Thesis, 2017. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/8ayf25.
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碩士<br>國立虎尾科技大學<br>工業管理系工業工程與管理碩士在職專班<br>105<br>Due to recent years of global recession, many automatic equipment manufactories have reduced price in order to compete in the global market. Therefore, many companies are making efforts in increasing their production efficiency, product reliability and life expectancy, etc. This paper uses Failure Mode and Effects Analysis (FMEA) technique to determine the possibility of malfunctioning production issues caused by proximity sensor with ambient light sensor in the test and tapping machine, in the hope of reducing any foreseen risks and increasing the quality of items and customer satisfaction.
The results of the study found that "bad floating head positioning", "bin box location error", and "wrong plastic shell moving position" are the three failure modes that have the most serious impact on the machine’s condition. Hence, the company should place these three failure modes in its top priority to improve and solve.
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Stancliffe, Devin Aldin. "Analysis and Design of a Test Apparatus for Resolving Near-Field Effects Associated With Using a Coarse Sun Sensor as Part of a 6-DOF Solution." Thesis, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2010-08-8440.
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Though the Aerospace industry is moving towards small satellites and smaller sensor technologies, sensors used for close-proximity operations are generally cost (and often size and power) prohibitive for University-class satellites. Given the need for low-cost, low-mass solutions for close-proximity relative navigation sensors, this research analyzed the expected errors due to near-field effects using a coarse sun sensor as part of a 6-degree-of-freedom (6-dof) solution. To characterize these near-field effects, a test bed (Characterization Test Apparatus or CTA) was proposed, its design presented, and the design stage uncertainty analysis of the CTA performed. A candidate coarse sun sensor (NorthStarTM) was chosen for testing, and a mathematical model of the sensor’s functionality was derived. Using a Gaussian Least Squares Differential Correction (GLSDC) algorithm, the model parameters were estimated and a comparison between simulated NorthStarTM measurements and model estimates was performed. Results indicate the CTA is capable of resolving the near-field errors. Additionally, this research found no apparent show stoppers for using coarse sun sensors for 6-dof solutions.
Books on the topic "Test de proximité"
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Pirkola, Ari. The effect of anaphora and ellipsis resolution on proximity searching in a text database. Tampereen yliopisto, Informaatiotutkimuksen laitos, 1994.
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Kirkland, Lynda. What's love got to do with it?: A test of proximity, love and script theory on three types of relationships. Laurentian University, Department of Psychology, 2000.
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L, Snow W., and Langley Research Center, eds. Video photographic considerations for measuring the proximity of a probe aircraft with a smoke seeded trailing vortex. National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Langley Research Center, 1990.
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Pirkola, Ari. Studies on linguistic problems and methods in text retrieval: The effects of anaphor and ellipsis resolution in proximity searching, and translation and query structuring methods in cross-language retrieval. University of Tampere, 1999.
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United States. Congress. House. Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure. Expressing the sense of the Congress that states should require candidates for driver's licenses to demonstrate an ability to exercise greatly increased caution when driving in the proximity of a potentially visually impaired individual: Report (to accompany H. Con. Res. 235) (including cost estimate of the Congressional Budget Office). U.S. G.P.O., 2006.
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Gumbrecht, Hans Ulrich. Envoi. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198802228.003.0015.
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In his epilogue to the volume, Hans Ulrich Gumbrecht examines what it means to read Lessing’s text from a distance of 250 years. Tackling problems of hermeneutics, materiality, and the reception of the past, Gumbrecht explores both the proximity and distance between our current intellectual concerns and those that motivated Lessing and his contemporaries in 1766. According to Gumbrecht, the various ‘Classical Presences’ of Lessing’s treatise find their parallel in our own mediations of Lessing’s text.
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Bhattacharya, Shreya. Intergroup contact and its effects on discriminatory attitudes Evidence from India. 42nd ed. UNU-WIDER, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.35188/unu-wider/2021/980-8.
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The contact hypothesis posits that having diverse neighbours may reduce one’s intergroup prejudice. This hypothesis is difficult to test as individuals self-select into neighbourhoods. Using a slum relocation programme in India that randomly assigned neighbours, I examine the effects of exposure to other-caste neighbours on trust and attitudes towards members of other castes. Combining administrative data on housing assignment with original survey data on attitudes, I find evidence corroborating the contact hypothesis. Exposure to more neighbours of other castes increases inter-caste trust, support for inter-caste marriage, and the belief that caste injustice is growing. I explore the role of friendships in facilitating these favourable attitudes. The findings shed light on the positive effects of exposure to diverse social groups through close proximity in neighbourhoods.
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Décultot, Élisabeth. Criticism as Poetry? Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198802228.003.0009.
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If Laocoon constitutes an attempt to delineate the boundaries of poetry and painting, to what extent can these categories be applied to Lessing’s essay itself? Is Laocoon an exercise in poetry—and what is the relationship between Lessing’s own mode of writing and his theoretical delimitation of poetry? To answer these questions, Elisabeth Décultot turns to a 1755 text that Lessing composed together with Moses Mendelssohn (Pope—a Metaphysician!), a treatise in which both thinkers had tried to delineate the different realms of poetry and philosophy. Décultot argues that there is a close proximity between what Lessing calls ‘poetry’ and the nature of his own critical writing: criticism, at least as Lessing practises it in Laocoon, narrates action in time through the representation of a sequence of readings and debates with Lessing’s contemporaries.
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Dempsey, Melissa, Jill A. Rosenfeld, and Susan E. Walther. Genetic Counselor Contributions to Medical Literature and Generalizable Knowledge. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190604929.003.0015.
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Laboratory genetic counselors are in a unique position to contribute to the medical literature on genetic testing and genetic conditions given their exposure to a wide variety and large volume of genetic tests and results. They have the opportunity to develop in-depth experience in a given area of genetic testing due to their proximity to laboratory directors and other colleagues with clinical and laboratory expertise. These experiences, coupled with advanced skills in verbal and written communication, enable them to contribute in many ways to the medical literature and generalizable knowledge of genetic testing. This chapter will describe the types of publications and research the laboratory genetic counselor may be involved in. It also outlines the ways in which this knowledge is communicated and translated into laboratory and clinical practice.
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Harbus, Antonina. The Long View. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190457747.003.0008.
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This chapter considers how a modern reader can make sense of a medieval text, but also to have an aesthetic and emotional reaction to the text. It deploys insights from neuroscientific work on emotion in mental processing, the psychology and history of emotions, and cognitive poetic approaches to the aesthetics of reading, to consider how poetic language use interacts with cognitive structures and processes. By using a new diachronic perspective, this chapter explores the shared cognitive basis of meaning and feeling in short (translated) elegiac poems written over 1,000 years ago in Old English. It demonstrates that readerly emotional investment arises from linguistic features, including metaphoric language and affective triggers, to produce a literary effect. By tracing the interaction of affective and interpretive processes, this chapter considers the shared cognitive/emotional basis of meaning-making in both proximate and distant literary responses and broadens the scope of inquiries into cognition and poetics.
Book chapters on the topic "Test de proximité"
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Lindblom, Ted, Taylan Mavruk, and Stefan Sjögren. "Market Efficiency and the Standard Asset Pricing Models Used to Test Market Efficiency." In Proximity Bias in Investors’ Portfolio Choice. Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-54762-6_4.
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Augot, Daniel, Olivier Blazy, Hugo Delavenne, and Lola-Baie Mallordy. "Bivariate Proximity Test-Based Asynchronous Verifiable Secret Sharing." In Lecture Notes in Computer Science. Springer Nature Switzerland, 2025. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-97260-7_15.
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Uhde, Folkert, and Hans-Joachim Gögl. "16. Strategies of Proximity." In Classical Music Futures. Open Book Publishers, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.11647/obp.0353.16.
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Since 2015, the two authors have been developing exceptional event concepts for, among others, the Montforter Zwischentöne festival, which they founded in Feldkirch, Austria, in the state of Vorarlberg. While it is clear that classical, new, improvised music and jazz invariably play a role at this festival with relatively traditional concert formats, there are moments when such forms of music are not the main focal point but support the exploration of other themes. Music may provide the impetus for dealing with a particular social or political issue, but it can also provide a resonating space for the spoken word. Such themes arise when dealing with the specific region in which the events take place and can stem from politics or regional development, touch on aspects of personal development, or address societal challenges. This chapter describes the authors‘ approaches to a new curatorial attitude in their event conception as ‘strategies of proximity‘. The authors also provide practical case studies from their work in Austria to accompany the theory offered in this text.
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Nakayama, Atsuho, Hiroyuki Tsurumi, and Akinori Okada. "A Symmetry Test for One-Mode Three-Way Proximity Data." In Studies in Classification, Data Analysis, and Knowledge Organization. Springer International Publishing, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-01264-3_11.
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Mace, Ruth. "8. Why Do We Do What We Do?" In Human Evolutionary Demography. Open Book Publishers, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.11647/obp.0251.08.
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Here I describe the reasoning behind dividing explanations for the evolution of behaviour into four different levels of explanation, two relating to proximate explanations relating to mechanism and development, and two ultimate explanations relating to evolutionary history and function. I outline the basic methods we can use to attempt to test functional hypotheses about the evolution of behaviour. I note that in natural populations, we often find ourselves studying proximate mechanisms even if our central interest is evolutionary function. I conclude that a distinction between proximate and ultimate explanations for behaviour can be a useful heuristic tool in many situations, even if in some real world studies of human behaviour, this distinction is sometimes blurred.
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Zheng, Yao, Ming Li, Wenjing Lou, and Y. Thomas Hou. "SHARP: Private Proximity Test and Secure Handshake with Cheat-Proof Location Tags." In Computer Security – ESORICS 2012. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-33167-1_21.
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Seitzer, Helen. "The Diffusion of Workplace Antidiscrimination Regulations for the LGBTQ+ Community." In Networks and Geographies of Global Social Policy Diffusion. Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-83403-6_9.
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AbstractInclusion and protection of the LGBTQ+ community is a newly rising topic in the debate regarding the generosity of social policies worldwide. The adoption of regulations giving LGBTQ+ community the same rights and protections in regard to work- and social life is tied to local and global culture. The contribution of this chapter is to test, if culture, economic ties, spatial proximity, or colonial rule have any influence on the diffusion of antidiscrimination regulations in the workplace for the LGBTQ+ community. The results show, that local conditions have a greater impact on the implementation of these laws than transnational networks.
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Ostaszewska-Liżewska, Anna, and Jan Klimaszewski. "Finite Element Method Based Toolchain for Simulation of Proximity Estimation Using Electronic Skin." In Digital Interaction and Machine Intelligence. Springer Nature Switzerland, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-37649-8_25.
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AbstractThe emergence of new areas of human-robot cooperation creates the need to ensure human safety in this regard. Therefore, there is a need to develop new sensors to detect the presence of a human in the vicinity of a robot. One such sensor is an electronic skin (e-skin). Manufacturing and testing new e-skin prototypes is labor-intensive. This paper presents a software toolchain developed to simulate the operation of an e-skin used to detect human proximity. The toolchain is based on the finite element method and has been developed exclusively with free and open-source software. The presented toolchain makes it possible to test e-skin modifications without the need for a physical prototype and significantly reduces implementation costs. The developed solution is multi-platform and allows parallel and multi-threaded calculations conducted on multiple machines simultaneously. This paper presents modeling results obtained for a simplified e-skin sensor, which are consistent with experimental results on the actual model.
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Marrone, Paola, and Ilaria Montella. "Territorial Energy Potential for Energy Community and Climate Mitigation Actions: Experimentation on Pilot Cases in Rome." In The Urban Book Series. Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-29515-7_46.
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AbstractOne of the conditions toward mitigation and a zero-emission economy is to plan the transition to a sustainable urban energy system. The dimensional and typological variety of urban pattern, and the functional contribution of inhabitants, represent an important potential to reduce energy consumption and climate-changing gases. Despite this evidence, many studies focused on the energy transition have given limited attention to issues of scale, space, and context in urban settings and how they can shape different energy systems. This article deals with renewable energy communities in the urban context and, by presenting some results of research that, through pilot cases in Rome, aims to test mitigation and adaptation solutions in proximity spaces. In particular, it investigates how the different forms of already built urban fabrics, together with social and environmental resources, can influence the form and implementation of the decentralized energy system and vice versa.
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Seitzer, Helen, Fabian Besche-Truthe, and Michael Windzio. "Networks of Global Policy Diffusion: The Introduction of Compulsory Education." In Networks and Geographies of Global Social Policy Diffusion. Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-83403-6_3.
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AbstractCompulsory education is closely related to the reproduction and change of a country’s culture. As we know from international comparative cultural research, however, there are different pathways into modernity, and so the particular role of education for a nation-state’s cultural basis might differ as well. At the same time, different relations between countries, such as cultural similarity or trade, can function as channels of diffusion of welfare policies. Our empirical analysis tests which dimensions of global networks structure the diffusion of introduction of compulsory education. We find a positive effect of exposure to other countries in a network of cultural similarity. Policy diffusion does not proceed via economic ties and colonial histories, but does through spatial proximity.
Conference papers on the topic "Test de proximité"
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Nejad, Boshra Momen, and Levi Blumhagen. "Inductive Interference from HVDC Transmission Lines on Close Proximity Pipeline Segments." In CORROSION 2018. NACE International, 2018. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2018-10913.
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Abstract The main purpose of this joint industrial R&D project was to perform detailed field measurements on selected pipeline segments in close vicinity to a High Voltage Direct Current (HVDC) transmission line during planned staged fault tests on the power line. Induced voltages on these pipelines were recorded during the HVDC staged fault process, which was conducted by the utility company. The measurement results from these tests were used for further validation or modification of an existing industrial guideline which focuses on the influence of HVDC power lines on metallic pipelines. Verification of future modelling results was another expected outcome of this study. A pre-field laboratory test was conducted to ensure accurate calibration and functionality of equipment prior to the actual staged fault field testing. To check the functionality of the digital triggering on the data logging unit and choose an appropriate triggering level and methodology, a typical touch voltage waveform based on previous simulation forecasts was used. The test setup during the HVDC staged fault testing consists of an arrangement of ground rods, a differential high voltage probe and the data logging unit used in order to capture the transient fault waveforms on the pipelines.
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Yuxi, Cao, Cao Ronggang, Zhang Anqi, Yu Yongbin, Li Changcheng, and Tang Mingyu. "Test Method for High-Power Microwave Irradiation Effects in Millimeter-Wave Proximity Detector." In 2024 6th International Conference on Power and Energy Technology (ICPET). IEEE, 2024. https://doi.org/10.1109/icpet62369.2024.10940158.
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Jusko, Tim, Tom Berger, and Christian Walko. "Flight Test Assessment of Scalable Low-Level Mission Task Elements." In Vertical Flight Society 81st Annual Forum and Technology Display. The Vertical Flight Society, 2025. https://doi.org/10.4050/f-0081-2025-140.
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Low-level flight, defined by high-speed operations near terrain, represents a significant challenge in military rotorcraft missions while providing strategic advantages, such as radar evasion and heightened surprise. Recent conflicts highlight the urgent need for advanced low-level flight capabilities in the design of new rotorcraft. The close proximity to ground obstacles, combined with the complexities of piloting, necessitates precise control and robust handling qualities to prevent accidents. However, existing handling quality standards, such as MIL-DTL-32742, reveal limitations in assessing low-level maneuvers. Given the diverse array of new rotorcraft designs, driven by initiatives like the U.S. Army's Future Vertical Lift and NATO's Next Generation Rotorcraft Capabilities, a customized handling qualities evaluation for each design is impractical. In response, a performance-driven strategy has been implemented, scaling Mission Task Elements to align with aircraft performance capabilities. This approach identifies handling quality gaps across the Operational Flight Envelope, concentrating on the aircraft’s effectiveness in achieving task success under varied conditions. Prior simulator studies validate the effectiveness of this method for assessing different configurations. This paper presents flight test results using DLR's ACT/FHS research helicopter, confirming a set of scalable Mission Task Elements developed at DLR's AVES and NASA's VMS simulators. Pilots utilized a Head-Mounted Display for task cueing, eliminating the need for physical infrastructure. The Mission Task Elements proved suitable for evaluating the low-level handling qualities of the ACT/FHS. Although the provided Head-Mounted Display facilitated Handling Qualities evaluations, it encountered some hardware limitations. The scaling for different airspeeds met pilot expectations, and wind compensation functioned as anticipated, enhancing the independence of flight tests from environmental conditions. These findings lead to recommended updates for task descriptions and course cueing requirements, confirming desired performance tolerances.
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Schlegl, Th, T. Bretterklieber, and H. Zangl. "B4.3 - Curvature Effects on Elongated Capactive Proximity Sensors." In SENSOR+TEST Conferences 2011. AMA Service GmbH, Von-Münchhausen-Str. 49, 31515 Wunstorf, Germany, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.5162/sensor11/b4.3.
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Fulton, Neale L., Brendan P. Williams, Erik Theunissen, and Chip Meserole. "Aircraft Proximity: Towards Systematic Test Strategies via the Apollonian Proximity Circle paradigm." In 2021 IEEE/AIAA 40th Digital Avionics Systems Conference (DASC). IEEE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/dasc52595.2021.9594396.
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Tu, Jingxuan, Xiaoyuan Xie, and Baowen Xu. "Code Coverage-Based Failure Proximity without Test Oracles." In 2016 IEEE 40th Annual Computer Software and Applications Conference (COMPSAC). IEEE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/compsac.2016.81.
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Lin, Fan, Chun-Kai Hsu, Alberto Giovanni Busetto, and Kwang-Ting Cheng. "Pairwise proximity-based features for test escape screening." In 2015 IEEE/ACM International Conference on Computer-Aided Design (ICCAD). IEEE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iccad.2015.7372584.
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Kozorezov, A., A. Golubov, D. Martin, et al. "Proximity effect in TES structures." In THE THIRTEENTH INTERNATIONAL WORKSHOP ON LOW TEMPERATURE DETECTORS—LTD13. AIP, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3292333.
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Nakamura, Naomichi, Yuichiro Okugawa, Yoshiharu Hiroshima, and Kazuhiro Takaya. "Study on test signals for radiated immunity test in close proximity to equipment." In 2016 International Symposium on Electromagnetic Compatibility - EMC EUROPE. IEEE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/emceurope.2016.7739229.
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Zhuo, Gaoqiang, Qi Jia, Linke Guo, Ming Li, and Yuguang Fang. "Privacy-Preserving Verifiable Proximity Test for Location-Based Services." In GLOBECOM 2015 - 2015 IEEE Global Communications Conference. IEEE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/glocom.2015.7417154.
Full textReports on the topic "Test de proximité"
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Taylor. L51755 Development and Testing of an Advanced Technology Vibration Transmission. Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0010124.
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Fiber optic sensors have been under development in industrial and government laboratories around the world for over a decade. The commercial market for fiber sensors for measuring parameters such as temperature, displacement, and liquid level is now estimated to exceed $100 M/year. Aside from the commercial interest, the U. S. Department of Defense has vigorously pursued the development of fiber gyroscopes and hydrophones. In spite of the high level of research and development activity, however, until recently fiber sensors had not been successfully applied in high-temperature engine environments. The goal of this effort is to develop and test high-temperature fiber optic sensors and show that they are suitable for monitoring vibration and other instabilities in gas turbine engines. The underlying technology developed during the course of PRCI projects PR- 219-9120 and PR-219-9225 during 1991-94 serves as the foundation for PR-240-9416. Transducers with the fiber optic Fabry-Perot interferometer (FFPI) configuration have been adapted for use in the turbomachinery environment.To ensure the survival of the FFPI sensors at high temperatures, two techniques for coating the fibers with metal have been developed: electroplating and vacuum deposition. Coated sensors have subsequently been embedded in aluminum and brass alloys. Experiments on a small Sargent Welch turbine engine have shown the high sensitivity of embedded FFPI strain sensors to vibration in rolling bearings. Data have been collected in both the time and frequency domain. A new accelerometer design in which a metal-coated fiber containing the FFPI element is soldered directly to a diaphragm in a stainless steel housing shows response similar to a piezoelectric accelerometer in shaker table tests. The high sensitivity of the FFPI accelerometer has been demonstrated in field tests in a Solar Centaur turbine engine, and the design has survived temperatures greater than 500�C in a test oven. A magnetometer with a physical configuration similar to that of the accelerometer has been used to measure the distance from the sensor head to a rotating shaft made of ferromagnetic material. This device, which functions as a proximity probe, has been used to monitor shaft rotation rate (keyphasor application) and as a shaft thrust position sensor. These results indicate the potential for performing critical measurements in turbine engines with FFPI sensors. They can measure acceleration, distance (proximity), strain (as it relates to bearing defect diagnosis), and gas pressure, and can operate at higher temperatures than conventional transducers.
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Weimer, Shawna, Anna K. Johnson, Kenneth J. Stalder, Locke A. Karriker, and Thomas Fangman. Proximity of Nursery Pigs from a Human Observer during an Animal-human Interaction Test Before and After Vaccination. Iowa State University, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/ans_air-180814-984.
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Kaffenberger, Michelle, Danielle Sobol, and Deborah Spindelman. The Role of Low Learning in Driving Dropout: A Longitudinal Mixed Methods Study in Four Countries. Research on Improving Systems of Education (RISE), 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.35489/bsg-rise-wp_2021/070.
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Using unique longitudinal quantitative and qualitative data, we examine the role that low learning plays in driving dropout in Ethiopia, India, Peru, and Vietnam. Regression analysis using IRT-linked test scores and data on schooling attainment and dropout shows a strong, significant association with one standard deviation higher test scores associated with 50 percent lower odds of dropping out between the ages of 8 and 12, and a similar association between the ages of 12 and 15. Qualitative analysis indicates a direct relationship between low learning and dropout, with children and parents choosing to discontinue school when they realize how little is being learned. Qualitative findings also show that low learning interacts with and exacerbates more proximate causes of dropout, with low learning often contributing to choices of early marriage (for girls) and of leaving school to work (for both genders), with families making practical decisions about which options will best provide for children in the long run. Finally, learning, work, and poverty often interact, as the need to work to help provide for the household reduces the opportunities to learn, and low learning tilts the opportunity cost of time in favor of working. These findings suggest that low learning may play a larger role in dropout decisions, by underlying and interacting with other causes, than has been typically recognized.
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Esparza and Westine. L51482 Well Casing Response to Buried Explosive Detonations. Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0010272.
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Occasionally, buried explosives are used within proximity of producing oil and gas wells which increases the stresses in the casing near the explosion which may result in failure of the well. A procedure was needed for predicting the maximum stresses in producing oil and gas wells, specifically the well casing, induced by nearby, buried, explosive detonations. An extensive experimental and analytical program were funded and performed over a six (6) year period 1975-1981. The program was divided into two (2) parts: In the first part, similitude theory, empirical analyses and test data were used to derive equations for estimating maximum ground displacement and particle velocity. The ground motions provided the forcing function imparted to a buried pipeline. In the second part, similitude theory, conservation of mass and momentum, and approximate energy methods were used to derive functional relationships for the maximum pipe strains and stresses. Experimental data from more than sixty (60) field tests ere used to develop equations for estimating maximum pipe stresses induced by point and parallel line explosive sources buried in homogeneous soil media. The pipe stress and ground motion data from these experiments were used to develop an equation for computing an effective standoff distance so that the point source soil equations could be used to approximate the casing response. The large amount of data used and the wide range of these data make the solutions applicable to most blasting situations near producing oil and gas wells. This report provides comprehensive and detailed information for pipeline as well as oil and gas operators to predict the effect of buried explosives and thus the safety of a well(s) while in-service through proper assessment of stresses and guidelines for the appropriate selection of explosive charges, techniques and methods. This will avoid unexpected damages, operational costs, provide guidance for \operator qualification\" for blasting near in-service wells and minimize liabilities to the operator.
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Denys, Waele, and Lefevre. L52239 Input to Code Revision for Interaction of Girth Weld Defects under Plastic Collapse Conditions. Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0011348.
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A pipeline girth weld may contain one single or multiple defects. If discrete multiple notches occur, current codes define by applying proximity rules the defect dimensions to be used in an ECA. The defect interaction rules contained in pipeline specific standards are based on linear elastic fracture mechanics with conservative approximations. Similar solutions for failure by plastic collapse are non-existent. In this study, using experimental data of wide plate tests, interaction criteria for ductile girth welds containing multiple coplanar surface breaking defects are proposed. Based on a simple plastic collapse assessment, defect length limits ensuring the onset of remote yielding in the pipe bodies are calculated. A two-tier assessment procedure, based on a comparison of the sum of the individual defect lengths with these characteristic limits, is proposed. If the total defect length is smaller than the characteristic defect length limit interaction will not occur. The defect length limit ensuring remote yielding in the case of multiple defects is dependent on the spacing between defects. The defect length limits also incorporate the effect of yield-to-tensile ratio. The performance behaviour of wide plates with coplanar surface-breaking defects is compared with existing and proposed interaction criteria. The assessment shows that the proposed defect interaction procedure is less conservative than the rules currently embodied in pipeline specific standards.
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McKee, Anna, and Ann Couch. Land use and dog park associations with Escherichia coli in the Chattahoochee River National Recreation Area watershed. National Park Service, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.36967/2302755.
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A recent study in the Chattahoochee River National Recreation Area (CHAT) indicated that dogs were a primary source of fecal contamination in the Chattahoochee River and that at least some of the contamination in the river was coming from locations outside of CHAT. The study herein sought to determine if dog parks in the CHAT watershed were sources of dog fecal contamination in streams within the watershed. Escherichia coli (E. coli) data were compiled from the Chattahoochee Riverkeeper Neighborhood Water Watch (NWW) program for sites within the CHAT watershed. Information about dog park locations within the Atlanta metropolitan area was compiled through online searches. Wilcoxon rank-sum tests, forward stepwise linear regression, and Spearman rank correlations were used to investigate the relations between seasonal E. coli levels (E. coli concentration and the proportion of samples that exceeded the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency beach action value [BAV]) and dog parks within the drainage basins. NWW sites with dog parks within the drainage basins had higher E. coli concentrations in the summer and winter, and samples exceeded the BAV more frequently in the winter than sites without dog parks within the drainage basins. Escherichia coli levels in the summer and winter were positively correlated with the number of dog parks within the drainage basins, indicating that E. coli concentrations and the frequency of BAV exceedances were seasonally higher at sites with more dog parks than at sites with fewer dog parks within the drainage basins. Escherichia coli concentrations in the summer were negatively correlated with distance to the nearest dog park in the drainage basin, indicating that sites with at least one dog park in close proximity had higher E. coli concentrations in the summer than sites for which the closest dog park was more distantly located. However, results of this study may have been influenced by the high degree of spatial autocorrelation in the data caused by overlapping drainage basins. Additionally, E. coli occurs in the gut systems of many species, so concentrations of E. coli may not represent levels of dog fecal contamination. Dog waste in residential yards and neighborhoods is a possible source of contamination in the watershed that could be investigated in future studies on sources of fecal contamination in the CHAT watershed. Utilizing dog-specific genetic markers in future studies would help reduce ambiguity in data interpretation.
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Stakes, Keith, and Joseph Willi. Study of the Fire Service Training Environment: Safety, Fidelity, and Exposure -- Acquired Structures. UL Firefighter Safety Research Institute, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.54206/102376/ceci9490.
Full textAbstract:
Previous FSRI led research projects have focused on examining the fire environment with regards to current building construction methods, synthetic fuel loading, and best-practices in firefighting strategies and tactics. More than 50 experiments have been previously conducted utilizing furniture to produce vent-limited fire conditions, replicating the residential fire environment, and studying the methods of horizontal ventilation, vertical ventilation, and positive pressure attack. Tactical considerations generated from the research are intended to provide fire departments with information to evaluate their standard operating procedures and make improvements, if necessary, to increase the safety and effectiveness of firefighting crews. Unfortunately, there still exists a long standing disconnect between live-fire training and the fireground as evident by continued line of duty injury and death investigations that point directly to a lack of realistic yet safe training, which highlights a continued misunderstanding of fire dynamics within structures. The main objective of the Study of the Fire Service Training Environment: Safety, Fidelity, and Exposure is to evaluate training methods and fuel packages in several different structures commonly used across the fire service to provide and highlight considerations to increase both safety and fidelity. This report is focused on the evaluation of live-fire training in acquired structures. A full scale structure was constructed using a similar floor plan as in the research projects for horizontal ventilation, vertical ventilation, and positive pressure attack to provide a comparison between the modern fire environment and the training ground. The structure was instrumented which allowed for the quantification of fire behavior, the impact of various ventilation tactics, and provided the ability to directly compare these experiments with the previous research. Twelve full scale fire experiments were conducted within the test structure using two common training fuel packages: 1) pallets, and 2) pallets and oriented strand board (OSB). To compare the training fuels to modern furnishings, the experiments conducted were designed to replicate both fire and ventilation location as well as event timing to the previous research. Horizontal ventilation, vertical ventilation, and positive pressure attack methods were tested, examining the proximity of the vent location to the fire (near vs. far). Each ventilation configuration in this series was tested twice with one of the two training fuel loads. The quantification of the differences between modern furnishings and wood-based training fuel loads and the impact of different ventilation tactics is documented through a detailed comparison to the tactical fireground considerations from the previous research studies. The experiments were compared to identify how the type of fuel used in acquired structures impacts the safety and fidelity of live-fire training. The comparisons in this report characterized initial fire growth, the propensity for the fire to become ventilation limited, the fires response to ventilation, and peak thermal exposure to students and instructors. Comparisons examined components of both functional and physical fidelity. Video footage was used to assess the visual cues, a component of the fire environment that is often difficult to replicate in training due to fuel load restrictions. The thermal environment within the structure was compared between fuel packages with regards to the potential tenability for both students and instructors.