Dissertations / Theses: 'Test de signe'

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Taverneau, Charles-Édouard Péchereau Alain. "Contribution du signe de l'anesthésie et du test d'élongation musculaire à l'étude des strabismes." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2007. http://castore.univ-nantes.fr/castore/GetOAIRef?idDoc=25046.

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Coudin, Élise. "Inférence exacte et non paramétrique dans les modèles de régression et les modèles structurels en présence d'hétéroscédasticité de forme arbitraire." Thèse, Paris, EHESS, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/1506.

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Fay, TH, and GL Walls. "Classroom notes: Summing sequences having mixed signs." International Journal of Mathematical Education in Science and Technology, 2003. http://encore.tut.ac.za/iii/cpro/DigitalItemViewPage.external?sp=1001986.

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Summary A result is discussed which permits the summing of series whose terms have more complicated sign patterns than simply alternating plus and minus. The Alternating Series Test, commonly taught in beginning calculus courses, is a corollary. This result, which is not difficult to prove, widens the series summable by beginning students and paves the way for understanding more advanced questions such as convergence of Fourier series. An elementary exposition is given of Dirichlet’s Test for the convergence of a series and an elementary example suitable for a beginning calculus class and a more advanced example involving a Fourier series which is appropriate for an advanced calculus class are provided. Finally, two examples are discussed for which Dirichlet’s Test does not apply and a general procedure is given for deciding the convergence or divergence of these and similar examples.

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Smith, Hannah. "Signs, text, truth : constructions of deafness." Thesis, University of Reading, 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.433460.

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Reiniche, Ruth Mary. "Sign Language: Flannery O'Connor's Pictorial Text." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/325225.

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Flannery O'Connor makes the invisible visible. Just as a speaker of sign language punctuates her narrative with signs that are at once pictures and words, O'Connor punctuates the narratives of her novels with moments or pauses in the forward motion of her text that are somehow framed--in a mirror, or in a window, for example--and that also are at once pictures and words. These pictorial moments not only occur in the reader's present, but because of the way they are stylized, they are simultaneously: open windows into the historical world of the mid-twentieth century; they look backward into the classical past; and they offer a veiled look into the mystery of a Divine reality. Examination of the chronological development and refinement of Flannery O'Connor's pictorial technique by considering the meaning conveyed by the arrangement of figures in a single panel cartoon, the contextual significance found in literary tableaux and filmic montage, the use of the pictorial "camera eye," and the imprinting of tattoo on the human body, presents a new perspective in interpreting her work. Early manifestation of the pictorial technique is evident in O'Connor's college cartoons. When that cartoonist becomes a novelist that tendency for exaggeration is evident in his or her pictorial renditions of characters and situations, as is the case with former cartoonists Faulkner, Updike, West, Cantor, and O'Connor herself. O'Connor does not abandon the power of the pictorial in delivering a message. Instead she embraces it and envelops it in narrative.

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Castro, Dana. "Signes de fonctionnement narcissique dans la schizophrénie du test de Rorhach." Paris 5, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1985PA05A078.

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Notre these s'est fixee pour objet, l'isolement des mecanismes de defense dont la mise en oeuvre permet au sujet la restauration d'une image positive de luimeme, et dont la defaillance entraine l'expression de reponses delirantes. Nous avons etudie dans cette optique une double serie de protocoles de rorschach ( onze schizophrenes traites en ambulatoire et onze hospitalises ; une population temoin non psychotique appariee, a par ailleurs ete examinee) nous avons decrit comme reponse narcissique toute reponse a caractere compensatoire, mettant en oeuvre un mode de fonctionnement psychique base sur le processus d'investissement de l'image de soi, ou du lien a l'objet. Deux formes principales : 1) l'idealisation - attribution de caracteristiques valorisantes a la representation de soi. 2) la reponse referentielle - recours a un modele exterieur appartenant a la realite objective. Chaque type de reponse narcissique apparait significativement plus frequemment dans les populations de schizophrenes par rapport aux temoins - dans la population d'ambulatoires par rapport aux hospitalises. L'isolement de "styles de fonctionnement narcissique" ouvre la voie vers une meilleure comprehension du travail psychique et de l'evaluation pronostique
Our research aims to isolate such defense mechanisms, that permit the patient to restore a positive self image : their failure might activate the expression of delusional responses. From this viewpoint, we have studied a double series of rorschach reports (eleven of schizophrenic patients followed in ambulatory treatment, and another eleven of hospitalized schizophrenic patients. A matched sample of non psychotic patients has also been examined. We have described the "narcissistic response" as a compensatory response activating a type of psychic functionning based on the process of investment of the self image or of the objectal link. Two major types : 1) the idealisation response - attribution of valorous characteristics to the self representation or the objectal link. 2) the reference response - recourse to an exteriour model belonging to the objective reality. Each type on narcissistic response seems to appear significally more frecquent in the schizophrenic populations, than the control group and in the out patients group versus the in patients group

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Wolff, Jennifer Snow. "A study of the effect of context and test method in evaluating safety symbols." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/19445.

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Pai, Ashlynn Kouchiyama. "Sign und Zeit : deconstruction and the medieval text." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/27161.

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Angeli, Andrea. "Mission synthesis of sine-on-random excitations for accelerated vibration qualification testing." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2016. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/9759/.

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In most real-life environments, mechanical or electronic components are subjected to vibrations. Some of these components may have to pass qualification tests to verify that they can withstand the fatigue damage they will encounter during their operational life. In order to conduct a reliable test, the environmental excitations can be taken as a reference to synthesize the test profile: this procedure is referred to as “test tailoring”. Due to cost and feasibility reasons, accelerated qualification tests are usually performed. In this case, the duration of the original excitation which acts on the component for its entire life-cycle, typically hundreds or thousands of hours, is reduced. In particular, the “Mission Synthesis” procedure lets to quantify the induced damage of the environmental vibration through two functions: the Fatigue Damage Spectrum (FDS) quantifies the fatigue damage, while the Maximum Response Spectrum (MRS) quantifies the maximum stress. Then, a new random Power Spectral Density (PSD) can be synthesized, with same amount of induced damage, but a specified duration in order to conduct accelerated tests. In this work, the Mission Synthesis procedure is applied in the case of so-called Sine-on-Random vibrations, i.e. excitations composed of random vibrations superimposed on deterministic contributions, in the form of sine tones typically due to some rotating parts of the system (e.g. helicopters, engine-mounted components, …). In fact, a proper test tailoring should not only preserve the accumulated fatigue damage, but also the “nature” of the excitation (in this case the sinusoidal components superimposed on the random process) in order to obtain reliable results. The classic time-domain approach is taken as a reference for the comparison of different methods for the FDS calculation in presence of Sine-on-Random vibrations. Then, a methodology to compute a Sine-on-Random specification based on a mission FDS is presented.

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Mota, Leonides da Rocha. "O teste de Painlevé e a integrabilidade do modelo generalizado de sine-Gordon." Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, 2014. http://ri.ufmt.br/handle/1/701.

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CAPES
Neste trabalho, examinamos a integrabilidade do modelo generalizado de sine-Gordon (GsG), no contexto do teste de Painlevé para equações diferenciais parciais (EDPs). Mostramos que o modelo (GsG) possui certos submodelos como o modelo duplo sine-Gordon (DsG), Bukhvostov-Lipatov (BL) e os modelos integráveis sine-Gordon. O modelo BL possui algumas direções integráveis no espaço dos campos. Classi camos as massas das soluções tipo sólitons (kinks) do modelo (GsG) através dos pesos máximos da álgebra de Lie sl(3), e mostramos que essas massas pertencem a determinados multipletos neste esquema de representação. Abordamos o modelo integrável NLS defocusing e estudamos a colisão de dois sólitons dark, em particular estudamos a mudança de fase após a sua colisão.
In this work the integrability of the generalized sine-Gordon model (GsG) is examined in the context of the Painlevé test for partial di erential equations (PDEs). We show that the (GsG) model possesses certain submodels such as the double sine-Gordon (DsG), Bukhvostov-Lipatov (BL) and the integrable sine-Gordon models. The BL model possesses some integrable directions in the eld space. Moreover, we classify the kink type solutions of the (GsG) model through the highest weight representations of the underlying sl(3) Lie algebra, and we show that these masses belong to certain multiplets in that representation scheme. We discussed the integrable defocusing NLS model and study the collision of two dark solitons, in particular we study the phase shift after their collision.

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Sellbom, Martin O. H. "Validity of Bender-Gestalt test signs measuring depressive, antisocial, and impulsive acting out personality characteristics." Virtual Press, 2002. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1236574.

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The Bender-Gestalt test is one of the most widely used psychological tests in clinical practice. However, very few empirical studies have investigated its projective use with adults. The purpose of the present study was to replicate a study conducted by Sellbom et al. (2001), which examined distortions of the Bender-Gestalt hypothesized to measure antisocial, impulsive, and depressive characteristics. It was found that the findings in Sellbom et al. (2001) were partially replicated, indicating that certain distortions, especially in conjunction, were significantly related to antisocial characteristics. The author suggests that the Bender-Gestalt could potentially be used as a screening measure for antisocial characteristics, but not to measure impulsive and depressive characteristics.
Department of Psychological Science

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Almohimeed, Abdulaziz. "Arabic text to Arabic sign language example-based translation system." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2012. https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/345562/.

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This dissertation presents the first corpus-based system for translation from Arabic text into Arabic Sign Language (ArSL) for the deaf and hearing impaired, for whom it can facilitate access to conventional media and allow communication with hearing people. In addition to the familiar technical problems of text-to-text machine translation,building a system for sign language translation requires overcoming some additional challenges. First,the lack of a standard writing system requires the building of a parallel text-to-sign language corpus from scratch, as well as computational tools to prepare this parallel corpus. Further, the corpus must facilitate output in visual form, which is clearly far more difficult than producing textual output. The time and effort involved in building such a parallel corpus of text and visual signs from scratch mean that we will inevitably be working with quite small corpora. We have constructed two parallel Arabic text-to-ArSL corpora for our system. The first was built from school level language instruction material and contains 203 signed sentences and 710 signs. The second was constructed from a children's story and contains 813 signed sentences and 2,478 signs. Working with corpora of limited size means that coverage is a huge issue. A new technique was derived to exploit Arabic morphological information to increase coverage and hence, translation accuracy. Further, we employ two different example-based translation methods and combine them to produce more accurate translation output. We have chosen to use concatenated sign video clips as output rather than a signing avatar, both for simplicity and because this allows us to distinguish more easily between translation errors and sign synthesis errors. Using leave-one-out cross-validation on our first corpus, the system produced translated sign sentence outputs with an average word error rate of 36.2% and an average position-independent error rate of 26.9%. The corresponding figures for our second corpus were an average word error rate of 44.0% and 28.1%. The most frequent source of errors is missing signs in the corpus; this could be addressed in the future by collecting more corpus material. Finally, it is not possible to compare the performance of our system with any other competing Arabic text-to-ArSL machine translation system since no other such systems exist at present.

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Wisdom, Sharon Christine. "Teachers' Perceptions About the Influence of High-Stakes Testing on Students." ScholarWorks, 2018. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/5813.

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Teachers in a New Jersey suburban high school noticed an increase in students' stress and anxiety associated with high-stakes testing, and they were struggling to find strategies and interventions to help. The purpose of this study was to investigate high school English and mathematics teachers' current knowledge, experiences, and perceptions about students' preparation and responses to high-stakes testing and to explore teachers' perceptions about teaching strategies they needed to reduce student test anxiety. Liebert and Morris's bidimensional components of anxiety, emotionality, and worry form the conceptual framework that guided this study. The research questions focused on teachers' perceptions about students' high-stakes testing readiness, students' testing behaviors, and teachers' training needs. A case study design was used to capture the insights of 12 high school English and math teachers through semistructured interviews and a focus group interview; a purposeful sampling process was used to select the participants. Emergent themes were identified through open coding, and the findings were developed and checked for trustworthiness through member checking, rich descriptions, and researcher reflexivity. The findings revealed that teachers recognize that students react in different ways to testing, that students who are prepared for the tests demonstrate greater confidence and less anxiety, and that teachers want more professional development specific to reducing students' anxiety and stress. A professional development project was created to provide teachers with strategies and approaches to prepare students for high-stress testing situations. This study has implications for positive social change by creating a structure to provide teachers with strategies for managing students' test anxiety.

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Poisot, Sophie. "SIGYCOP, intérêt et utilisation du sigle P3 en pratique médico-militaire." Bordeaux 2, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995BOR2M151.

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15

Treutiger, Victoria. "Behandling av myofasciella triggerpunkter med ”dry needling” hos personer med impingement i axelleden : En prospektiv randomiserad interventionsstudie." Thesis, Gymnastik- och idrottshögskolan, GIH, Institutionen för idrotts- och hälsovetenskap, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:gih:diva-3782.

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Abstract Aim: The aim of this study was to investigate if treatment with “dry needling” in myofascial triggerpoints (MTrPs) in the rotatorcuff muscles may affect impingement symptoms such as pain during provocative tests, shoulder mobility, and function. The research questions were: Does the value of pain change on the Visual Analog Pain Scale (VAS) between before and after treatment? Do the positive provocative tests for impingement change between before and after treatment? Does the active shoulder mobility change between before and after treatment? Does the self-rated function change between before and after treatment? Method: The study was a prospective randomized intervention study and 19 persons with impingement symptoms (mean ± standard deviation; 58 ± 18 years, and shoulder pain duration 3.9 ± 1.6 months) were randomized into two groups. The groups were tested before, directly after and 3 weeks after treatment. The intervention group was treated twice, with a week in between, with “dry needling” in MTrPs. The control group was also treated on two occasions but was instead given a superficial needle in the infraspinatus muscle. All subjects were treated by the same physiotherapist. Pain was evaluated on the VAS when subjects performed active shoulder flexion before and after treatment. Provocative tests for shoulder impingement (Neer sign, Hawkins-Kennedy test and Jobe test) as well as range of motion tests were performed before, after and three weeks after treatment. The frequencies of positive/negative provocative tests were presented. Shoulder function was evaluated with the QuickDASH questionnaire. Significance level p≤0.05 was used in the study and a tendency was identified between 0.05 ≤ p < 0.1. Results: There was a tendency (p=0.086) with decreased pain (VAS) in the intervention group after the treatment. Among the impingement tests only significant improved results was observed for Neer sign test three weeks after the treatment (p=0.025) No significant difference could be seen on the active shoulder mobility between before and after the treatment. The perceived function in the intervention group, measured with the Quick DASH questionnaire, showed a tendency (p=0.086) towards a better function. Conclusions: The study showed a tendency towards that”dry needling” in MTrPs may affect impingement symptoms such as pain and function. The provocative tests for shoulder impingement, Neer sign, showed a significant decrease in pain after treatment. More studies with larger population is needed to make a statement about the effect of “dry needling” in MTrPs as a treatment for shoulder impingement symptoms.
Sammanfattning Syfte och frågeställningar: Syftet med studien var att undersöka om behandling med ”dry needling” (intramuskulär nålstimulering) i myofasciella triggerpunkter (MTrPs) i rotatorcuffmuskulaturen kan påverka impingementsymptom såsom smärta vid provokationstester, axelledsrörlighet och funktion. Frågeställningarna var: Förändras smärtskattning på visuell analog skala(VAS) vid aktiv axelflexion efter jämfört med före behandling? Förändras de positiva provokationstesterna för impingement efter jämfört med före behandling? Förändras den aktiva axelledsrörligheten efter jämfört med före behandling? Förändras den självskattade funktionen efter jämfört med före behandling? Metod: Studien var en prospektiv randomiserad interventionsstudie, 19 forskningspersoner (fp) med impingementsymptom, (medelålder 58 ± 18 år, besvärsdurationens medeltid 3.9 ± 1.6 mån), randomiserades till två grupper. Grupperna undersöktes före, direkt efter och tre veckor efter avslutad behandling. Interventionsgruppen behandlades vid två tillfällen, med en veckas mellanrum, med ”dry needling” i MTrPs medan kontrollgruppen vid två tillfällen istället fick en ytlig akupunkturnål i m infraspinatus. Behandlingen av alla fp utfördes av en och samma fysioterapeut. Smärta utvärderades med (VAS) vid aktiv axelflexion direkt före och efter behandling. Provokationstester (Neer sign, Hawkins-Kennedy test och Jobe test) samt rörlighetsmätning utfördes före, efter och tre veckor efter avslutad behandling. Frekvensen positiva/negativa provokationstesttest summerades. Funktionen utvärderades med frågeformuläret QuickDASH. Signifikansnivå p< 0.05 används i studien och en tendens identifierades mellan 0.05 ≤ p < 0.1. Resultat: Det fanns en tendens (p=0.086) till minskad smärta (VAS) i interventionsgruppen efter jämfört med före behandling. Bland impingementtesterna sågs enbart ett signifikant förbättrat resultat för Neers sign tre veckor efter avslutad behandling jämfört med före behandling (p=0.025). Ingen signifikant skillnad kunde ses gällande rörligheten före och efter behandling. Den upplevda funktionsförmågan mätt med frågeformuläret QuickDASH visade en tendens (p=0.086) mot bättre funktion i interventionsgruppen. Slutsats: Studien har visat tendenser på att ”dry needling” i MTrPs kan påverka impingementsymptom såsom minskad smärta och bättre självskattad funktion efter behandling jämfört med före. Impingementtestet Neer sign visade en signifikant minskad smärta efter behandling. Fler studier med större grupper, större ålderspann och längre behandlingstid behövs för att kunna uttala sig om effekten av ”dry needling” i MTrPs som behandlingsmetod vid impingementsymptom i axeln.

Fristående kurs i Idrottsvetenskap inriktning idrottsmedicin 2013-2015

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Haug, Tobias [Verfasser]. "Adaptation and Evaluation of a German Sign Language Test : A Computer-Based Receptive Skills Test for Deaf Children Ages 4-8 Years Old / Tobias Haug." Hamburg : Hamburg University Press, Verlag der Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Hamburg, 2011. http://d-nb.info/1011950847/34.

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Larocque, Denis. "Tests de signe et de rangs affines-invariants bivariés pour k (> 1) échantillons et pour la régression linéaire." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp02/NQ33038.pdf.

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Lee, Y. D. (Young-Dong). "Wireless vital signs monitoring system for ubiquitous healthcare with practical tests and reliability analysis." Doctoral thesis, Oulun yliopisto, 2010. http://urn.fi/urn:isbn:9789514263880.

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Abstract The main objective of this thesis project is to implement a wireless vital signs monitoring system for measuring the ECG of a patient in the home environment. The research focuses on two specific research objectives: 1) the development of a distributed healthcare system for vital signs monitoring using wireless sensor network devices and 2) a practical test and performance evaluation for the reliability for such low-rate wireless technology in ubiquitous health monitoring applications. The first section of the thesis describes the design and implementation of a ubiquitous healthcare system constructed from tiny components for the home healthcare of elderly persons. The system comprises a smart shirt with ECG electrodes and acceleration sensors, a wireless sensor network node, a base station and a server computer for the continuous monitoring of ECG signals. ECG data is a commonly used vital sign in clinical and trauma care. The ECG data is displayed on a graphical user interface (GUI) by transferring it to a PDA or a terminal PC. The smart shirt is a wearable T-shirt designed to collect ECG and acceleration signals from the human body in the course of daily life. In the second section, a performance evaluation of the reliability of IEEE 802.15.4 low-rate wireless ubiquitous health monitoring is presented. Three scenarios of performance studies are applied through practical tests: 1) the effects of the distance between sensor nodes and base-station, 2) the deployment of the number of sensor nodes in a network and 3) data transmission using different time intervals. These factors were measured to analyse the reliability of the developed technology in low-rate wireless ubiquitous health monitoring applications. The results showed how the relationship between the bit-error-rate (BER) and signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) was affected when varying the distance between sensor node and base-station, through the deployment of the number of sensor nodes in a network and through data transmission using different time intervals.

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Franco, Caroline Buarque 1984. "Análise dos efeitos do método Pilates em pacientes com fibrose cística." [s.n.], 2011. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/308363.

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Orientador: Antonio Fernando Ribeiro
Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas
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Resumo: Objetivo: A proposta de utilizar o método Pilates teve o objetivo de desenvolver um programa de exercícios, avaliando os efeitos no início e final do acompanhamento, coletando os seguintes dados: tolerância ao esforço físico pelo teste do degrau de 3 minutos (TD3); prova de função pulmonar (PFP); avaliação força muscular respiratória (FMR) pela pressão inspiratória máxima (PImáx) e pressão expiratória máxima (PEmáx) pela manovacuometria; qualidade de vida (QV) pelos questionários de qualidade de vida em fibrose cística (QFC); escore z de peso (kg), escore z de altura (m2) e escore z de IMC (kg/m2). Coleta dos valores em repouso e no final de cada sessão: saturação periférica de oxigênio (SpO2), frequência cardíaca (Fc), frequência respiratória (Fr), nível da dispnéia pela escala de Borg modificada. Método: estudo prospectivo descritivo analítico, casuística de 19 pacientes. A pesquisa foi realizada com os pacientes do Ambulatório de FC do Hospital de Clínicas (HC) da Universidade de Campinas (UNICAMP) e do Instituto da Criança (ICr) do HC da Faculdade de Medicina Universidade de São Paulo (FMUSP). O método foi aplicado em uma sessão semanal durante 4 meses. Resultados: A PImáx no grupo total apresentou aumento significativo (p<0,05 probabilidade do teste de Wilcoxon), a PEmáx demonstrou aumento significativo somente no grupo feminino (p=0,007). A PFP não apresentou diferenças no grupo total de pacientes (p>0,05). No TD3 pré-tratamento do grupo masculino, houve aumento significativo da frequência cardíaca (Fc) (p=0,043) e da escala de Borg (p=0,023). No pós-tratamento os sinais vitais permaneceram sem mudanças significativas. No TD3 pré-tratamento, o grupo feminino apresentou aumento significativo na Fc, frequência respiratória (Fr) e na escala de Borg (p<0,05). No pós-tratamento o TD3 deste grupo continuou com aumento significativo na Fc, Fr e na escala de Borg. Quanto as medidas de sinais vitais comparando o início e final de cada sessão, na 1ª sessão de Pilates o grupo total de pacientes,não apresentou mudanças na SpO2, Fc, Fr e na escala de Borg (p>0,05). Na 7ª sessão, no gênero masculino ocorreu aumento significativo da Fc e no grupo total de pacientes houve aumento significativo na escala de Borg. Na 16ª sessão apenas o grupo feminino apresentou aumento significativo na escala de Borg. Quanto ao escore z de peso e IMC, os pacientes não apresentaram mudanças, porém houve aumento significativo no escore z de altura apenas do grupo feminino (p=0,012). A avaliação da QV não demonstrou mudanças no QFC de crianças de 6 à 11 anos. No QFC dos pais/cuidadores de crianças de 6 à 13 anos houve aumento significativo no domínio respiratório. O QFC referente aos pacientes de 14 anos ou mais apresentou aumento significativo no domínio físico. Conclusões: O estudo evidenciou que a aplicação do Pilates foi eficaz no ganho da FMR; melhorias na tolerância física do grupo masculino pelo TD3; ganho no escore z de altura no grupo feminino. Quanto a QV do QFC dos pais/cuidadores de crianças de 6 à 13 anos, houve melhorias no domínio da condição respiratória e no QFC referente aos pacientes de 14 anos ou mais apresentou melhorias no domínio da condição física
Abstract: Objective: The proposal to use the Pilates method was to develop an exercise program, evaluating the effects at the beginning and end of follow-up by collecting the following data: the tolerance to exercise step test for 3 minutes (TD3) function test lung (PFP), respiratory muscle strength assessment (FMR) by maximal inspiratory pressure (MIP) and maximal expiratory pressure (MEP) by the manometer, quality of life (QOL) questionnaires for quality of life in cystic fibrosis (QFC), z-score Weight (kg), z score for height (m2) and z score of BMI (kg/m2). Collection of the values at rest and at the end of each session: peripheral oxygen saturation (SpO2), heart rate (HR), respiratory frequency (Fr), level of dyspnea by the Borg scale. Method: a prospective descriptive analytical sample of 19 patients. The survey was conducted with patients from the CF Clinic, Hospital de Clinicas (HC), Universidade de Campinas (UNICAMP) and the Instituto da Criança (Chr), HC, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo (FMUSP). The method was applied to one session per week for four months. Results: MIP in the total group showed a significant increase (p<0.05 probability of the Wilcoxon test), MEP showed an increase only in the female group (p=0.007). The PFP did not show differences in the total group of patients (p>0.05). In TD3 pretreatment of the male group, there was increased heart rate (HR) (p=0.043) and Borg (p=0.023). In the post-treatment vital signs remained without significant changes. No TD3 pretreatment, the female group showed an increase in HR, respiratory frequency (Fr) and the Borg scale (p<0.05). In the post-treatment group continued TD3 this significant increase in HR, Fr and Borg scale. The measures vital signs comparing the beginning and end of each session, a session of Pilates the total group of patients showed no changes in SpO2, HR, Fr and Borg scale (p>0.05). During the 7th session, a significant increase of Fc in males and in the total group of patients showed a significant increase in Borg scale. In the 16th session only female group showed an increase in Borg scale. As for the z scores for weight and BMI, patients had no change, but there was an increase in height z scores in the female group (p=0.012). The assessment of QOL showed no changes in the QFC of children 6 to 11 years. In QFC parents/caregivers of children 6 to 13 years there was an increase in the field related respiratory and QFC in referring to patients 14 years or more, an increase in the physical realm. Conclusions: The study suggested that the use of Pilates has been effective in: gain of FMR, improvements in physical tolerance in male group, gain in height z scores in the female group. As for the QL QFC parents/caregivers of children 6 to 13 years there has been an improvement in respiratory status and QFC referring to patients 14 years or more improvements in physical condition
Mestrado
Saude da Criança e do Adolescente
Mestre em Saude da Criança e do Adolescente

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Leitão, Nuno Luís Bizarro Neves. "Diagnóstico de hiperadrenocorticismo canino e tratamento com trilostano : estudo retrospectivo de 20 casos clínicos." Bachelor's thesis, Universidade Técnica de Lisboa. Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/3546.

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Dissertação de Mestrado Integrado em Medicina Veterinária
O hiperadrenocorticismo (HAC) é a endocrinopatia mais comum no cão e é devido a um excesso crónico de glucocorticóides no organismo. Esta dissertação tem como base a constatação das alterações presentes em 20 pacientes com HAC, tais como os sinais clínicos, o hemograma, as análise bioquímicas sanguíneas, os testes endócrinos e a ecografia abdominal, e ainda a constatação em 13 casos clínicos da evolução dos sinais clínicos, das bioquímicas sanguíneas e dos resultados do teste de estimulação com ACTH (TE-ACTH) durante o tratamento desta doença com trilostano até ao 150º dia. Os sinais clínicos observados foram, a PU/PD (85%), o abdómen pendular (75%), problemas dermatológicos (60%) e polifagia (50%), entre outros. O hemograma não apresentou muitas alterações, ao contrário das análises bioquímicas, nas quais foi observado a FAS aumentada em 88% dos casos (N=17), a ALT em 56% (N=18), hipercolesterolémia em 12% (N=8) ureia aumentada em 18% (N=17), densidade urinária diminuída em 57% (N=7) e presença de proteinúria em 43% dos casos (N=7). O teste de supressão de dexametasona em dose baixa (TSDDB) diagnosticou positivamente todos os casos, dando também o diagnóstico etiológico de hiperadrenocorticismo hipófiso-dependente (HAC-HD) em 67% dos casos (N=9). Já o TE-ACTH deu um resultado falso negativo. A ecografia mostrou alterações compatíveis com HAC-HD em 32% dos casos que a realizaram (N=19). 13 animais foram submetidos a tratamento com trilostano. A dose foi de 1,25 a 4,48 mg/kg (2,45±0,89 mg/kg). Os sinais clínicos melhoraram ao longo das monitorizações, principalmente a PU/PD. A concentração plasmática média da FAS (1203±1243 UI/L) e da ALT (131±78 UI/L) diminuíram, e o valor da creatinina (0,80±0,83 mg/dl) aumentou ligeiramente. Os valores médios da ureia, do sódio e do potássio apresentaram flutuações mas com tendência para aumentar. O valor médio de cortisol sérico após o TE-ACTH apresentou diminuições logo aos 10-20 dias, e nas restantes monitorizações apresentou flutuações mas sem atingir os valores iniciais. Foram realizados ajustamentos na dose em 4 animais durante as monitorizações. A FAS não demonstrou vantagens para decisão de ajustamento de dose. Administrações únicas diárias de trilostano em doses baixas permite um sucesso de 67% dos animais controlados aos 90-150 dias, sendo os sinais clínicos e o TE-ACTH bons parâmetros de monitorização, ao contrário da FAS.
ABSTRACT - Diagnosis of Canine Hyperadrenocorticism and treatment with trilostane: a retrospective study in 20 dogs - Hyperadrenocorticism (HAC) is the most commun endocrinopathy in dogs and it is due to a chronic excess of glucocorticoids. This study catalogs the changes found in 20 dogs with HAC, as their clinical signs, the hematologic, the biochemical and the endocrinological analysis, and also their adrenal ultrasonography alterations. Then, it was verified in 13 dogs the changes in clinical signs, biochemical analysis and results of ACTH stimulation test along the treatment with trilostane until the 150ª day. The clinical signs most observed were PU/PD (85%), pendulous abdomen (75%), dermatological alterations (60%) and polyphagy (50%). The most consistent haematologycal finding was eosinopenia (35%), In biochemical serum analysis, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) was high in 88% of 17 dogs and AST 56% of 18 dogs, 12% of 8 dogs had hypercholesterolaemia, 18% of 17 had high urea, 57% of 7 dogs had low urinary density and proteinuria was observed in 43% of 7 dogs. The low dose dexamethasone supression (LDDS) test was positive in the 20 cases and it helped in the etiological diagnosis of pituitary-dependent hyperadrenocorticism (PDH) in 9 dogs (67%). There was a false-negative case on the ACTH stimulation test. In ultrasonography 32% of the cases had an increased in adrenal glands, wich was compatible with the diagnosis of PDH (19 dogs). 13 dogs were treated with trilostane. The starting dose was from 1,25 mg/kg to 4,48 mg/kg SID (2,45±0,89 mg/kg). The clinical signs improved along revaluations, mainly PU/PD. The mean values of ALP (1203±1243 UI/L) and ALT (131±78 UI/L) decresead and the creatinine value (0,80±0,83 mg/dl) increased. There were some variations along revaluations in the mean values of urea, sodium and potassium concentrations, but they mostly increased. Serum cortisol concentrations after ACTH stimulation test decreased at 10-20 days and in the other revaluations there were some variations without reach the pre-treatment values. No signs of overdosis were observed during the study, but the dose was adjusted in 4 dogs. The ALP wasn’t considered as an important parameter for monitoring the adjustments of dosis because it presented different levels during the treatment. The efficacy of trilostane In once daily administration was verified, even when used in lower doses. 67% of the animals were sucessfully controlled at 90 – 150 days. Clinical signs and ACTH stimulation test were considered good tests to be used in monitoring the treatment, as oposed to the ALP assay.

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Cooney, Denis J. "Reliability estimates and exploratory factor analysis of an American Sign Language administration of the General Aptitude Test Battery." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/nq21560.pdf.

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Cochran, Pamela A. "Q Code, Text, and Signs: A Study of the Social Semiotic Significance of QSL Cards." University of Findlay / OhioLINK, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=findlay1484321999467252.

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Fraychineaud, Kathy Ann 1956. "A preliminary study of a measurement tool for American Sign Language stories." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/291921.

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This study proposes an adaptation of Hunt's (1965) Terminal Miminal Syntactic Unit (T-Unit) to measure syntactic complexity in American Sign Language (ASL) syntax. Criterion for determining an American Sign Language T-Unit is based upon research into the linguistic structure and development of ASL. Nine deaf elementary aged students watched a non-verbal film and retold the story in ASL on videotape (Newport et al., in press). The stories were then transcribed into the Vista Glossing System (Smith, Lentz & Mikos, 1988). Transcriptions were segmented into T-Units and further analyzed for syntactic complexity. Results reveal an increase in ASL T-Units for all children from the fall to the spring. An increase in ASL T-Units translates to greater syntactic complexity. Results from the study suggest that an ASL T-unit analysis is an effective measure of ASL proficiency.

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Wurm, Svenja. "Translation across modalities : the practice of translating written text into recorded signed language : an ethnographic case study." Thesis, Heriot-Watt University, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10399/2407.

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This study creates a space for analysing an emerging translational activity, the practice of translating written text into recorded signed language. With its non-prototypical modality pair of source and target texts, the activity neither matches existing conceptualisations of interpreting nor those of translation modes. In an ethnographic case study I investigate the translational mode displayed, paying particular attention to the translational process designed by the practitioner and the impact of source and target text modalities. Drawing on literacy and multimodality research, this work reaffirms that communication is embedded in social, cultural, historical and ideological contexts and foregrounds the involved (human and non-human) agents. Data generated through observation, interviews and analysis of source, target and preparatory documents reveal an event influenced by the intrinsic properties of text modalities, the translator’s socio-professional background, and socially constructed constraints and opportunities. Developing concepts of “translational practice”, “translational events” and “affordances”, I challenge the prototype-based dichotomy (translation/interpreting) used to conceptualise translational activity. By negotiating data of a non-central practice with theoretical concepts developed within Western Translation Studies, this research contributes to enlarging and de-centralising the discipline. Thickly describing one translational event, conceptualising written-signed translation practice and re-thinking central translational concepts, this study highlights implications for theory, pedagogy and the profession.

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Dubay, Chelsie M. "Handling Authenticity: A Discourse Analysis of Interviews with Signs-following Preachers." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2014. https://dc.etsu.edu/etd/2455.

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The National Geographic Channel’s miniseries “Snake Salvation” resurrected a vested interest with the heavily documented practices of signs-following believers in central Appalachia. The current body of scholarship surrounding these congregations focuses mostly on oral history narratives and explanations of religious fundamentalism; a critical analysis of the discourse shared by these congregation members is noticeably absent. This thesis explores selected interviews with George Hensley, Andrew Hamblin, Jamie Coots, and Alfred Ball through the interdisciplinary application of discourse analysis paired with social disclosure theory to unveil the underlying struggles with power and personal beliefs expressed by each pastor. The research performed throughout this study spans interviews collected and published from the 1940s to 2014. Through a discourse analysis performed on these interviews coupled with support from sociological and communicative theoretical frameworks, this study looks to highlight struggles with power and authenticity present for signs-following pastors.

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Canard, Bertrand. "Mise au point et valorisation de tests adaptés pour le dosage des anticorps sécrétoires dans l'infection par le HIV-1." Thesis, Saint-Etienne, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010STET015T.

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Les muqueuses représentent la principale voie de contamination par le virus de l'immunodéficience humaine 1 (VIH-1) indiquant qu'une protection au niveau des muqueuses serait nécessaire dans la prévention et le développement d'un vaccin efficace. La prise en charge du VIH-1 par l'intermédiaire de la gp120 se fait, grâce à des lectines de type C, au niveau de la muqueuse par les cellules de Langerhans (Langerine) et au niveau de la sous-muqueuse par les cellules dendritiques (DC-SIGN). Notre but était d'analyser la présence d'anticorps capables de bloquer l'interaction entre le virus et les lectines. Nous avons développé des tests spécifiques pour l'étude de la liaison de la gp120 du VIH-1 avec la Langerine et le DC-SIGN. Grâce à ces tests, nous avons pu caractériser des anticorps, dirigés contre la Langerine ou le DC-SIGN, permettant le blocage de la fixation de la gp120 sous forme conformationnelle. Nous avons utilisé ces tests validés pour étudier la fréquence d’anticorps bloquants dans le sérum de 110 individus séropositifs et 30 individus séronégatifs. Seulement peu de sujets infectés ont développé ce genre d'anticorps durant l'infection par le VIH-1. Nous avons pour la première fois décrit des anticorps bloquants chez des sujets séropositifs avec la capacité potentielle d’interférer dans la transmission des particules virales aux cellules dendritiques. Ces résultats permettent d'espérer la conception de nouvelles stratégies pour bloquer la transmission du VIH-1 au niveau des muqueuses et prévenir la dissémination du virus. Ces tests permettront de doser l'inhibition de la liaison de la gp120 soit à la Langerine soit au DC-SIGN et d'étudier différentes cohortes de sujets séropositifs et séronégatifs mais fortement exposés (HEPS)
Human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1) is primarily transmitted sexually through mucosal surfaces, indicating that protection at mucosal sites may be crucial in prevention and in the development of an effective conventional vaccine against HIV-1. The HIV-1 gp120 is recognized by the C-type lectins of Langerhans cells (LCs), Langerin, in the mucosa and by the C-type lectins of dendritic cells (DCs), DC-SIGN in the sub-mucosa. Our aim was to analyze the presence of antibody able to block HIV / Lectins interactions. We have developed specific assays for the study of the binding of HIV-1 gp120 on human Langerin and DC-SIGN. With these assays, we have been able to characterize specific DC-SlGN and Langerin antibodies able to block fixation of conformational gp120 envelope protein. We have used our validated assays to monitor the prevalence of blocking antibodies in the sera of one hundred and ten HIV-1-infected individuals and thirty HIV-1 non-infected individuals. Only few patients have developed such type of antibodies during their infection. This is the first report which describes blocking antibodies in patients with the potential capacity to interfere during the mucosal transmission of HIV particles to mucosal DCs. The results provide a framework for the design of effective strategies to block local transmission and prevent HIV-1 spread. These tests will allow the measuring of the inhibition of gp120 binding to langerin or to DC-SIGN and the screening of different cohorts of HIV-1 positive subjects and HIV-1 negative but highly exposed subjects (HEPS)

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吉田, 徹., 仁. 井戸田, TOHRU YOSHIDA, and HITOSHI IDOTA. "Clinical Significance of the Straight-Leg-Raising Test." Thesis, 日本整形外科学会, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/2237/16417.

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Schonebaum, Jennifer Ann 1973. "Assessing the multiple intelligences of children who are Deaf with the DISCOVER process and the use of American Sign Language." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/278639.

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The following thesis explores the use of the DISCOVER Assessment with children who are Deaf. Nine students from two 3rd-4th grade classrooms at a residential school for Deaf children participated in this study. The participants were given the DISCOVER Assessment as a group and within their own classrooms. The instructions and communication throughout the assessment were expressed in the preferred language of the students (e.g. American Sign Language and/or Simultaneous Communication; signing and talking at the same time). Two observers collected data about the students problem-solving behaviors during the assessments. One observer was Deaf and one was hearing. Both observers were proficient in the preferred language of the students. Results show that the DISCOVER Assessment is an effective method for assessing Deaf children's strengths. In addition, two out of nine students were determined to be gifted, although none were considered gifted according to standardized IQ tests.

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van, der Zwan Job Leonard. ""Hold That Thought" - sign language and the design of gesture interfaces." Thesis, Malmö högskola, Fakulteten för kultur och samhälle (KS), 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-23109.

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Sign language has largely been dismissed in gesture interface research on grounds of being a natural language. This essay argues that this has been premature. We begin with an overview of relevant literature in the fields of both gesture interface design and sign language, followed by a discussion of other graphical and text-based user interfaces in the context of language - effectively a short essay on language and metaphors in interface design, going into more detail why I believe dismissing sign languages based on their linguistic nature is a mistake. This is further explored in an example user interface that was designed by taking an insight from sign language as a starting point to replace the desktop metaphor and combining it with the discussed text-based interfaces to extend the WIMP paradigm. This experimental design was used as a way to pose questions to users about potential uses of gesture interfaces.

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Daviaud, Joëlle. "Evaluation analytique et épreuve sur le terrain des bioréactifs immunologiques de l'hormone chorionique gonadotrope, destinés au public : étude des 27 tests grossesse présents sur le marché français en 1989." Montpellier 1, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992MON13527.

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FOSTER, WARREN R. "THE IMPACT OF A BIDDER WORKSHOP ON SELF-EFFICACY." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2007. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1171310672.

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Janstad, Tobias. "Case study of a contract system : considering pulp prices from 1996-2006." Thesis, Växjö University, School of Mathematics and Systems Engineering, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:vxu:diva-1684.

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Södra Cell sells 1 900 000 ton pulp every year. Of this 490 000 tonne is sold with a contract system based on a pricing index called PIX NBSK. This index was started in 1996 and reflects the price of pulp from conferious forest. We study the NBSK PIX value of softwood from October 1996 to December 2006.

People working in this branch known that there is strong periodicity in the prices. We use predictive analysis to see if clients can benefit from the periodicity and use the options in the contract system Södra offers today. We conclude that a drawback for the current contract system is that there are too many contracts in proportion to the duration time that is one year for all contracts. Using a time series model called ARMA we make successfull predictions the price difference between two contracts. Based on this prediction we change between these contracts, reducing the price with 0.81% in mean during 1997-2006. Due to the total turnover, if all clients would used such predictions during 1997-2006 Södra's income would have been reduced with 2.77 million USD a year in mean.

The prices used before PIX are called list prices. The list prices seem to behave like the PIX index. Supposing that the same contract system we see in PIX today was used 1975-2006 with the list price as the base index I made a prediction of the list prices from 1986-2006. Thanks to my predictions, if I had been a client during this period and under mentioned considerations I would have been buying pulp to a price reduced with 0.57%.

If clients had known the PIX between 1996-2006 in say 1995 Södra's contract system based on PIX would give them a price reduction that were 1.5% in mean during 1996-2006. Price reduction is not possible all years, but when it occurs it can be as big as 3% of the price. Suppose the clients always choose the contract with the lowest price and thereby get a reduced price over time. Then with 95% probability over a long period the price reduction is somewhere in between 0.4-2.7%.

To strangle this price reduction possibility for the clients there are two ways to go: either reduce the number of contracts or extend the duration time of the contracts.

To find a suitable duration time, we do spectral density estimation to get indications of which periods that are most important. From this we see that PIX index has a period of five years, wavelet approximated PIX index has 3.4 years and the list prices has a period of 5.6 years. This indicates that current duration time one year is too short. Therefore if it wouldn't effect Södra's clients, an extension of the duration time from one to five years would be good.

If Södra don't extend the duration time of the contracts my recommendation is to have fewer contracts. The possibility to change between the contracts ''average last three months'' and ''average current month'' every other year is the weakest point of today's system. Therefore I recommend stop selling pulp to the contract ''average PIX last three months''.

We can't prove any longterm difference between the contracts. If Södra chooses to have just one contract from this point of view it does not matter which one they choose. However, it seems like a good idea to follow the global market and therefore I recommend to choose ''average PIX current month'' rather than ''average PIX last three months'' which lags behind the market front. Since the price ''average current month'' is available at FOEX web page I think Södra should choose this contract if they decide to have only one contract.

Södra Cell säljer årligen 1 900 000 ton pappersmassa. Av denna mängd säljs 490 000 ton enligt ett kontraktsystem baserat på ett prisindex som heter PIX NBSK. Detta index introducerades 1996 och reflekterar priset på pappersmassa gjord av barrträd. Jag studerar priset på indexet från Oktober 1996 till December 2006.

Dagens kontraktsystem är baserat på kontrakt med löptiden ett år. Jag undersöker om man kan prediktera prisskilllnaden mellan kontrakten, dra nytta att dagens löptid som bara är ett år och välja det kontrakt som ger det billigaste priset så ofta att priset över lång tid reduceras. När man predikterar gör man en uppskattningen av framtiden utifrån en modell av hur framtid beror på dåtid och nutid. Den modell jag har använt kallas ARMA. Denna tillsammans med priserna på pappersmassa från 1975 och framåt gav mig ett fruktbart sätt att förutsäga priserna. Resultatet blev ett pris reducerat med 0.81% i medel under perioden 1996-2006. Eftersom Södra ha så stor försäljningsvolym skulle de ha förlorat 2.27 miljoner dollar per ton i medel om alla kunder ha spekulerat utifrån den modellen jag använde.

Om dagens kontraktsystem hade börjat användas 1975 med listpriserna som bas hade en kund som använt min prediktionsmetod fått ett pris reducerat med 0.57% under perioden 1986-2006.

Om kunderna i förväg hade vetat priset under 1996-2001 gav det nuvarande systemet en reducerad medelintäkt med 1.5% av priset. Enskilda år reducerades intäkten med så mycket som 3%. Beräknar man konfidensintervall för prisreduktionerna så inser man att på lång sikt kommer dessa vara av storleksordningen 0.4-2.7% med sannolikheten 95%. Detta förutsatt att klienterna kan se in i framtiden. Siffran 2.7% alltså ett mått på hur stor risk man tar med dagens system. Jag tror inte att klienterna kommer reducera priset med 2.7% med nuvarande system, men det är en övre gräns.

De gynsamma prediktionerna har sitt ursprung i att det finns periodicitet i priserna. Jag undersöker denna periodicitet med spektralanalys. Periodiciteten för PIX indexet är starkast kring 5 år. En wavelet-approximation av PIX-indexet hade störst periodicitet kring 3.4 år. Listpriserna hade starkast periodicitet kring 5.6 år. Detta indikerar att den nuvarande löptiden, ett år, är för kort. En lämpligare löptid för kontrakten är 5 år.

Förmodligen är fem års löptid alltför lång tid att binda sig för många kunder. Därför föreslår jag att man reducerar antalet kontrakt istället. Den största svagheten i dagens system är den korta löptiden tillsammans med kontrakten ''average current month'' och ''average last three months''. Jag rekommenderar att man slutar erbjuda kontraktet ''average last three months''. Det allra säkraste är att endast erbjuda ett kontrakt. Vi har inte kunnat påvisa några skillnader över lång sikt mellan kontrakten såtillvida att något kontrakt skulle ge ett lägre medelpris än ett annat. Ur den aspekten är det godtyckligt vilket kontrakt man väljer, men det verkar vettigt att följa den globala marknaden. Därför är det eftersläpande kontraktet ''average PIX last three months'' inte att rekommendera, välj heller ''average PIX current month''. Ett annat argument för att välja ''average PIX current month'' är att dessa priser finns på FOEX hemsida och inga extra beräkningar behöver göras.

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Guilloton, Yves. "L'hormone chorionique gonadotrope et sa détection par les tests de grossesse vendus en officine : dépistage d'un risque accru de trisomie 21 fœtale chez la femme enceinte." Bordeaux 2, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992BOR2P089.

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Liu, Meng-Chang. "Achieving privacy-preserving distributed statistical computation." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2012. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/achieving-privacypreserving-distributed-statistical-computation(6831db5c-d605-4a38-9711-7592d2b94e01).html.

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The growth of the Internet has opened up tremendous opportunities for cooperative computations where the results depend on the private data inputs of distributed participating parties. In most cases, such computations are performed by multiple mutually untrusting parties. This has led the research community into studying methods for performing computation across the Internet securely and efficiently. This thesis investigates security methods in the search for an optimum solution to privacy- preserving distributed statistical computation problems. For this purpose, the nonparametric sign test algorithm is chosen as a case for study to demonstrate our research methodology. Two privacy-preserving protocol suites using data perturbation techniques and cryptographic primitives are designed. The first protocol suite, i.e. the P22NSTP, is based on five novel data perturbation building blocks, i.e. the random probability density function generation protocol (RpdfGP), the data obscuring protocol (DOP), the secure two-party comparison protocol (STCP), the data extraction protocol (DEP) and the permutation reverse protocol (PRP). This protocol suite enables two parties to efficiently and securely perform the sign test computation without the use of a third party. The second protocol suite, i.e. the P22NSTC, uses an additively homomorphic encryption scheme and two novel building blocks, i.e. the data separation protocol (DSP) and data randomization protocol (DRP). With some assistance from an on-line STTP, this protocol suite provides an alternative solution for two parties to achieve a secure privacy-preserving nonparametric sign test computation. These two protocol suites have been implemented using MATLAB software. Their implementations are evaluated and compared against the sign test computation algorithm on an ideal trusted third party model (TTP-NST) in terms of security, computation and communication overheads and protocol execution times. By managing the level of noise data item addition, the P22NSTP can achieve specific levels of privacy protection to fit particular computation scenarios. Alternatively, the P22NSTC provides a more secure solution than the P22NSTP by employing an on-line STTP. The level of privacy protection relies on the use of an additively homomorphic encryption scheme, DSP and DRP. A four-phase privacy-preserving transformation methodology has also been demonstrated; it includes data privacy definition, statistical algorithm decomposition, solution design and solution implementation.

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Kelly, Caroline. "Do you know what I mean > :( : A linguistic study of the understanding ofemoticons and emojis in text messages." Thesis, Högskolan i Halmstad, Akademin för lärande, humaniora och samhälle, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-27611.

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This study investigates the understanding of emoticons and emojis used in text messages. Theaim of this study is to determine whether there is a universal understanding of emoticons andemojis, which is important considering the number of people using them every day whensending text messages. Many studies have been made of communication via text messagesand the usage of emoticons and emojis, but no study has focused on the interpretation of thesymbols and the importance of the context.For the purposes of this study, a questionnaire was completed in an uppersecondary school (Swedish gymnasium) in Stockholm, during normal school hours inNovember 2014, by 90 16-19 year old students. The result was then analysed through a‘Relevance Theory’ perspective, and in the light of the works of, amongst others, Saussure,Peirce and Thomas.The result revealed that, for the interpreter of a text message, it is important thata textual context is established, in order for the interpreter to be able to understand what theemoticons or emojis used in text messages mean. The result also showed that the emoticonsand emojis do not have a meaning in themselves and that they can have different meaningsdepending on the situation, and the mood or the person for whom the message is intended.

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Fagerlund, Elias, and Talukder Mashrukh. "Where to Invest? : Choosing the optimal stock market for investing in a cross-listed Nordic firm." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Företagsekonomi, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-60556.

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The purpose of this study is to investigate whether the location of buying stocks in a Nordic cross-listed company matters in terms of 1) earning abnormal returns, or 2) gaining in optimizing the amount spent by buying the specific stock cheap. Nowadays, markets are becoming more integrated and if we believe in the efficient market hypothesis, prices of the same class of stocks paying the same dividend annually, of an MNC must be the same irrespective of the stock exchange it is listed upon. Though efficient market hypothesis exists in theory, market imperfection is a reality. All the Nordic (Swedish, Finnish, Norwegian, Danish and Icelandic) firms listed on foreign stock exchanges in addition to their home market have been included in the sample. In fact, this sample represents 100% of the population. The daily prices of cross-listed stocks have been analyzed and conclusions have been drawn based on the mean returns and mean prices along with Wilcoxon Signed-Rank test statistics. The data have been analyzed over the last ten years capturing the recent economic cycle. The whole period has also been divided into three sub-periods to establish comparisons with the whole period. This paper reports that even though returns on cross-listed stocks are statistically same over all periods, prices of the stocks vary according to the location of listing. That is, investors can buy from a stock exchange where the specific stock is underpriced thereby decreasing the amount invested in absolute term and optimizing the amount spent if not the return. The returns and prices have analyzed using the local currency of the MNC’s country of origin and Special Drawing Rights (SDRs). No considerable differences on the returns or pattern of price movements have been observed while using two currencies.

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Vatan, Şahika. "Development of a legibility model and PC software to predict the legibility of text on trafic [sic] traffic signs for high luminance and contrast conditions." Ohio : Ohio University, 2003. http://www.ohiolink.edu/etd/view.cgi?ohiou1175712386.

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Vatan, Sahika. "Development of a legibility model and PC software to predict the legibility of text on traffic signs for high luminance and constrast conditions." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2003. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1175712386.

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Cassart, Delphine. "Optimal tests for symmetry." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/210693.

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Dans ce travail, nous proposons des procédures de test paramétriques et nonparamétrique localement et asymptotiquement optimales au sens de Hajek et Le Cam, pour trois modèles d'asymétrie.

La construction de modèles d'asymétrie est un sujet de recherche qui a connu un grand développement ces dernières années, et l'obtention des tests optimaux (pour trois modèles différents) est une étape essentielle en vue de leur mise en application.

Notre approche est fondée sur la théorie de Le Cam d'une part, pour obtenir les propriétés de normalité asymptotique, bases de la construction des tests paramétriques optimaux, et la théorie de Hajek d'autre part, qui, via un principe d'invariance permet d'obtenir les procédures non-paramétriques.

Nous considérons dans ce travail deux classes de distributions univariées asymétriques, l'une fondée sur un développement d'Edgeworth (décrit dans le Chapitre 1), et l'autre construite en utilisant un paramètre d'échelle différent pour les valeurs positives et négatives (le modèle de Fechner, décrit dans le Chapitre 2).

Le modèle d'asymétrie elliptique étudié dans le dernier chapitre est une généralisation multivariée du modèle du Chapitre 2.

Pour chacun de ces modèles, nous proposons de tester l'hypothèse de symétrie par rapport à un centre fixé, puis par rapport à un centre non spécifié.

Après avoir décrit le modèle pour lequel nous construisons les procédures optimales, nous obtenons la propriété de normalité locale asymptotique. A partir de ce résultat, nous sommes capable de construire les tests paramétriques localement et asymptotiquement optimaux. Ces tests ne sont toutefois valides que si la densité sous-jacente f est correctement spécifiée. Ils ont donc le mérite de déterminer les bornes d'efficacité paramétrique, mais sont difficilement applicables.

Nous adaptons donc ces tests afin de pouvoir tester les hypothèses de symétrie par rapport à un centre fixé ou non, lorsque la densité sous-jacente est considérée comme un paramètre de nuisance.

Les tests que nous obtenons restent localement et asymptotiquement optimaux sous f, mais restent valides sous une large classe de densités.

A partir des propriétés d'invariance du sous-modèle identifié par l'hypothèse nulle, nous obtenons les tests de rangs signés localement et asymptotiquement optimaux sous f, et valide sous une vaste classe de densité. Nous présentons en particulier, les tests fondés sur les scores normaux (ou tests de van der Waerden), qui sont optimaux sous des hypothèses Gaussiennes, tout en étant valides si cette hypothèse n'est pas vérifiée.

Afin de comparer les performances des tests paramétriques et non paramétriques présentés, nous calculons les efficacités asymptotiques relatives des tests non paramétriques par rapport aux tests pseudo-Gaussiens, sous une vaste classe de densités non-Gaussiennes, et nous proposons quelques simulations.
Doctorat en sciences, Orientation statistique
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished

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Stretton, Pamela Jayne. "The encoded body : hearing the voice, reading the text, decoding the sign : the body and meaning in the case of anorexia nervosa." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/8054.

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Mazza, Cláudia Regina Zocal. "Análise do processamento cognitivo de leitura do surdo com o Teste de Nomeação de Sinais por Escolha de Palavras nas versões 1.3 e 2.3 com 5.365 estudantes surdos de 1ª a 13ª série de 14 estados brasileiros." Universidade de São Paulo, 2007. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/47/47132/tde-29052008-124305/.

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O Teste de Nomeação de Sinais por Escolha de palavras escritas (TNS-Escolha) é parte de uma bateria de 11 testes de desenvolvimento da linguagem de sinais e de competência de leitura e escrita, desenvolvida pela equipe de Capovilla na Universidade de São Paulo especialmente para a população escolar surda brasileira, e validada e normatizada com uma amostra de 5.365 escolares surdos. O TNS-Escolha avalia o desenvolvimento conjunto de compreensão de sinais da Libras e de leitura de palavras em Português, e analisa a participação de processos quirêmicos, ortográficos e semânticos envolvidos na escolha de palavras escritas para denominar sinais da Libras. O TNS-Escolha faz uso da estratégia de indução de erros de leitura (i.e., paralexias) por palavras escritas distraidoras quirêmicas, ortográficas e semânticas como alternativas de escolha, com vistas a permitir caracterizar a natureza do processamento cognitivo subjacente à leitura e escrita em Português. A presença de paralexias quirêmicas sugere que o acesso semântico na leitura envolve a mediação por sinalização interna, como tende a ocorrer no surdo sinalizador com perda profunda pré-lingual ou perilingual. A presença de paralexias ortográficas sugere que a leitura é baseada na tentativa de reconhecimento visual global da palavra, com dificuldade de fazer uso da estratégia alfabética de decodificação grafêmica serial (i.e., processamento serial da seqüência ortográfica), como tende a ocorrer na leitura fundamentalmente ideográfica de surdo com perda profunda pré-lingual e perilingual. A presença de paralexias semânticas sugere que o leitor tenta obter acesso ao léxico semântico, mas esse acesso é dificultado por insuficiência de conceitos, vocabulário, ou habilidade de leitura. Esta dissertação apresenta duas versões reordenadas, o TNS1.3-Escolha e o TNS2.3-Escolha, bem como dados de sua normatização com uma amostra de mais de 5.000 surdos de 14 estados brasileiros. Foram avaliados 5.365 estudantes surdos de 14 estados brasileiros (AC, AM, BA, CE, DF, ES, MA, MG, MS, PA, PR, RJ, RS, SP). A escolaridade média desses estudantes, em termos de número de anos no Ensino Fundamental, era de 4,9 anos (DP = 2,8), ou seja, quase 5a. série, com mínimo de 1 ano e máximo de 12 anos de escolaridade, ou seja, Ensino Superior. A idade variou de 5 a 59 anos, com média de 17,7 anos (DP = 6,9). Para viabilizar a análise da grande massa de dados foram selecionadas as séries 1a, 5a, 8a, 10a e 13a. Os resultados do TNS1.3-Escolha e do TNS2.3-Escolha indicaram que, ao longo das séries 1a, 5a, 8a, 10a e 13a, a porcentagem de acerto cresceu sistematicamente, ao passo que o total de paralexias diminuiu sistematicamente. Considerando a distribuição dos três tipos de paralexias (ortográfica, semântica e quirêmica) desse total decrescente de paralexias, observou-se que, ao longo das cinco séries escolares, as porcentagens de paralexias ortográficas e semânticas diminuíram sistematicamente, ao passo que a porcentagem de paralexias quirêmicas aumentou sistematicamente. Assim, ao longo da escolarização, na nomeação de sinais por escolha de palavras escritas, os surdos tendem a cometer cada vez menos erros, e esses erros tendem a concentrar-se cada vez mais em processamento quirêmico. Isso sugere que, ao longo da escolarização, o crescente léxico de leitura do surdo depende cada vez mais das propriedades formais dos sinais como indexadoras das formas ortográficas das palavras para resgate lexical. Esta dissertação é parte de um estudo maior (Capovilla e colaboradores, no prelo). Dos estudantes da amostra, 5.072 foram avaliados no Teste de Nomeação de Sinais por Escolha, versão 1.3 (TNS1.3-Escolha), e 4.854 foram avaliados no Teste de Nomeação de Sinais por Escolha, versão 2.3(TNS2.3-Escolha). Dos 5.072 estudantes avaliados no TNS1.3-Escolha, 4.930 tiveram seus dados avaliados item a item para fins de análise de fidedignidade e de reordenação do teste. Foram conduzidas duas análises de fidedignidade, gerando dois tipos de coeficiente, o coeficiente Alfa de Cronbach, e o coeficiente de Spearman- Brown para análise split-half. A análise de itens revelou coeficiente Alfa de Cronbach = 0,9004, o que pode ser considerado muito bom. Assim, o TNS1.3-Escolha mostrou-se bastante fidedigno, produzindo dados bastante confiáveis e estáveis. Como o TNS1.3-Escolha inclui alguns sinais que ainda não haviam sido testados anteriormente, o presente estudo gerou, como fruto adicional, a versão aperfeiçoada TNS1.4-Escolha em que os 36 itens que compõem o TNS1.3-Escolha foram reordenados por grau de dificuldade crescente. Dos 4.854 estudantes avaliados pelo TNS2.3-Escolha, 4.840 tiveram seus dados avaliados item a item para fins de análise de fidedignidade e de reordenação do teste. Foram conduzidas duas análises de fidedignidade, gerando dois tipos de coeficiente, o coeficiente Alfa de Cronbach, e o coeficiente de Spearman-Brown para análise split-half. A análise de itens revelou coeficiente Alfa de Cronbach = 0,8728, o que pode ser considerado muito bom. Assim, o TNS2.3-Escolha mostrou-se bastante fidedigno, produzindo dados bastante confiáveis e estáveis. Como o TNS2.3-Escolha inclui alguns sinais que ainda não haviam sido testados anteriormente, o presente estudo gerou, como fruto adicional, a versão aperfeiçoada TNS2.4-Escolha em que os 36 itens que compõem o TNS2.3-Escolha foram reordenados por grau de dificuldade crescente.
The Word Matching Sign Naming Test (WMSNT) assesses the skill of matching alternative Portuguese printed words to sample Brazilian Sign Language (Libras) signs. WMSNT is part of a battery of 11 language development tests for assessing reading, spelling and Libras sign comprehension. Capovilla and coworkers at the University of Sao Paulo developed, standardized and validated the battery with a sample of 5,365 Brazilian deaf students. WMSNT assesses the joint development of sign comprehension and Portuguese reading. It analyzes the participation of cheremic, orthographic and semantic processes involved in matching print alternatives to Libras signs. On each trial there are four printed word alternatives, one being the target word, and the remaining three being cheremic, orthographic, and semantic distracter words. WMSNT is elaborated so as to have distracter-printed words as choice alternatives induce cheremic, orthographic, and semantic paralexias. By analyzing the relative prevalence of cheremic, orthographic, and semantic paralexias that occur when the deaf is to match print to pictures and signs, WMSNT allows characterizing cognitive processes underlying Portuguese reading by Brazilian deaf students. The prevalence of cheremic paralexias suggests that reading comprehension (i.e., the access to semantic lexicon while reading) involves the mediation of some internal signing processes. That is usually the case with the congenitally deaf who are fluent signers. The prevalence of orthographic paralexias suggests that reading is based on the strategy of attempting to make some visual recognition of the global crude form of a word, with difficulty of using the alphabetical serial graphemic decoding (i.e., the serial parsing of the orthographic sequence). That is usually the case with the congenitally deaf who are not capable of fluent signing and linguistic parsing, tend to rely on a primarily ideographic reading style. The prevalence of semantic paralexias suggests that reading comprehension is hindered by the insufficient development of concepts, vocabulary, and/or reading skill. This dissertation presents two reordered versions of WMSNT: WMSNT 1.3 and WMSNT 2.3 as well as standardization data with a sample of 5,365 5-59 year old deaf students with 1-12 years of schooling coming from 14 Brazilian states (AC, AM, BA, CE, DF, ES, MA, MG, MS, PA, PR, RJ, RS, SP). The preliminary analysis of such a large data basis was limited to the following grades: 1st, 5th, 8th, 10th and 13th. Results from both WMSNT 1.3 and WMSNT 2.3 indicated that the percentage of correct naming increased systematically, whereas the percentage of total paralexias decreased systematically. Considering the distribution of all three types of paralexia, it was found that, over the course of the five school series, the percentages of orthographic and semantic paralexias diminished systematically, whereas the percentage of cheremic paralexias increased systematically. Thus, over the course of schooling, when having to name signs by matching their corresponding printed words counterparts, deaf students tended to commit progressively less errors, and that those errors tended to concentrate progressively more on cheremic processes. According to Capovilla, such a finding suggests that, over the course of schooling, in order to be able to retrieve lexical items from an increasingly large reading lexicon, the deaf reader tends to rely more and more on indexing sublexical word components (at both levels of word graphemes and word morphemes) to their corresponding sublexical sign components (at both levels of sign cheremes and sign morphemes). This dissertation is part of a broader study (Capovilla et al, in print). Out of the sample, 5,072 students were assessed using WMSNT 1.3 and 4,854 were assessed using WMSNT 2.3. Out of the sample of 5,072 students tested with WMSNT 1.3, in order to assess test reliability and to arrange test items in increasing order of difficulty, the data of 4,930 students were subjected to item analysis. Two reliability analyses were conducted, which generated two coefficients: Cronbach Alpha coefficient and Spearman-Brown coefficient from split-half analysis. Item analysis revealed Cronbach Alpha coefficient = 0,9004, which may be considered quite good. Therefore, WMSNT 1.3 was found to be a quite reliable test. In addition this study generated WMSNT 1.4, in which WMSNT 1.3 items are arranged in increasing difficulty order. Out of the sample of 4,854 students tested with WMSNT 2.3, in order to assess test reliability and to arrange test items in increasing order of difficulty, the data of 4,840 students were subjected to item analysis. Two reliability analyses were conducted, which generated two coefficients: Cronbach Alpha coefficient and Spearman-Brown coefficient from split-half analysis. Item analysis revealed Cronbach Alpha coefficient = 0,8728, which may be considered good. Therefore, WMSNT 2.3 was found to be a quite reliable test. In addition this study generated WMSNT 2.4, in which WMSNT 2.3 items are arranged in increasing difficulty order.

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Puissant-Schontz, Laetitia. "Les constructions prédicatives en Langue des Signes Française (LSF) : description linguistique et développementale, en vue de leur évaluation." Thesis, Paris 10, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020PA100029.

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Cette recherche doctorale est motivée par les attentes des professionnels travaillant auprès d’enfants sourds. Le premier objectif est de décrire linguistiquement les formes de la prédication en Langue des Signes Française (LSF) nommées constructions prédicatives (CP), noyaux syntaxiques porteurs du sens des énoncés. La description linguistique de ces CP d’action, d’existence et d’attribution de propriété, est morphosyntaxique, et les traits formels de chaque type sont mis au jour : traits Flottant, Ancré, Dynamique, Orientation et Configuration pour les CP d'action ; éléments manuels (unité lexicale, pointé, classificateur, transfert de taille et de forme) et non-manuels (emplacement dans l’espace de signation, mouvement du buste et du regard, expression faciale) pour les CP d’existence et d’attribution de propriété. Le second objectif est de déterminer les étapes d’acquisition des CP, grâce à l’élaboration d’un outil d’évaluation. La passation du test vise à évaluer les compétences linguistiques et les points faibles de l’enfant en vue de leur potentielle remédiation. Des items ciblant les CP ont été créés pour élaborer une tâche de réception sur la base d’énoncés en LSF filmés et une tâche de production à partir d’images. Une seconde tâche de production a également été proposée pour évaluer les compétences narratives et les constructions prédicatives en situation de récit. Trente-et-un enfants sourds signants ont participé à notre étude. Les informations recueillies nous renseignent sur les étapes d’acquisition des CA et nous permettent d’évaluer le degré de complexité de certains traits formels tels que la Configuration en réception. La maîtrise linguistique est mise en évidence par l’utilisation d’unités linguistiques telles que les classificateurs, les pointés
The purpose of this study is twofold and aims at meeting the practical expectations of professionals working with deaf children: i) it gives a linguistic description of predicative constructions in French Sign Language (FSL), ie the syntactic nuclei carrying the meaning of utterances and ii) it determines the acquisition path, through the development of an evaluation tool. The test should shed light on the child's language skills as well as on their weak points, in order to remedy them if necessary. The linguistic description of the three categories of predicative constructions (action, existence and property attribution) is morphosyntactic. The processes involved in predicative constructions of action are determined by formal features (Floating or Anchored, Dynamic, Orientation and Configuration), the predicative constructions of existence and attribution of property by manual elements (lexical units, pointed, classifiers, transfer of size and shape) and non-manual (locations in the sign space, movement of the bust and gaze, facial expressions). From these descriptions, items were created to develop a reception task using videotaped utterances of FSL, and a production task using drawings. The production of a story from a cartoon was also proposed in order to assess the narrative skills as well as these predicative constructs in a narrative situation. Thirty-one deaf signing children participated in our research, enabling us to obtain information on the stages of acquisition of these syntactic structures and to address the notion of complexity of certain formal traits, such as configuration in reception, or linguistic proficiency with production of linguistic units such as classifiers and pointings

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Karimi, Abdolkarim. "A prospective study of the outcome of treatment of chronic low back pain patients with consistent and inconsistent clinical signs as defined by three screening tests." Thesis, University of East Anglia, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.423794.

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Čermák, Jan. "Rozpoznávání emočních stavů na základě analýzy řečového signálu." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta elektrotechniky a komunikačních technologií, 2009. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-218162.

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The thesis is focused on the emotional states classification in the Matlab program, using neural networks and the classifier which is based on a combination of Gaussian density functions. It deals with the speech signal processing; the prosodic and spectral signs and the MFCC coefficients were extracted from the signal. The work also deals with the quality evaluation of individual signs of which the most suitable were chosen in order to provide the correct classification of emotional states. In order to identify the emotional states, two different methods were used. The first method of classification was the use of neural networks with differently selected parameters, and the second method was the use of the Gaussian mixture model (GMM). In both methods, a database of emotional utterances was divided into the training group and the test group. The testing was based on a method independent of the speaker. The work also includes the comparison of individual analyzed methods as well as the representation and comparison of the results. The conclusion comprises a proposition for the best parameters and the best classifier for the recognition of the speaker’s emotional state.

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Schnell, Thomas. "Legibility optimization of uppercase alphanumeric text for displaying messages in traffic applications." Ohio : Ohio University, 1998. http://www.ohiolink.edu/etd/view.cgi?ohiou1175194520.

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Östling, Robert. "Bayesian Models for Multilingual Word Alignment." Doctoral thesis, Stockholms universitet, Institutionen för lingvistik, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-115541.

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In this thesis I explore Bayesian models for word alignment, how they can be improved through joint annotation transfer, and how they can be extended to parallel texts in more than two languages. In addition to these general methodological developments, I apply the algorithms to problems from sign language research and linguistic typology. In the first part of the thesis, I show how Bayesian alignment models estimated with Gibbs sampling are more accurate than previous methods for a range of different languages, particularly for languages with few digital resources available—which is unfortunately the state of the vast majority of languages today. Furthermore, I explore how different variations to the models and learning algorithms affect alignment accuracy. Then, I show how part-of-speech annotation transfer can be performed jointly with word alignment to improve word alignment accuracy. I apply these models to help annotate the Swedish Sign Language Corpus (SSLC) with part-of-speech tags, and to investigate patterns of polysemy across the languages of the world. Finally, I present a model for multilingual word alignment which learns an intermediate representation of the text. This model is then used with a massively parallel corpus containing translations of the New Testament, to explore word order features in 1001 languages.

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47

Jones, Natalie. "Lost in Translation : To what extent can sign language be used to translate the meaning of the text for hearing audiences in classical vocal music?" Thesis, Kungl. Musikhögskolan, Institutionen för klassisk musik, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kmh:diva-3625.

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The purpose of this project is to examine the extent to which sign language can be used as a means of communicating the text for hearing audiences attending classical vocal recitals. The project discusses historical practices for providing text translation of classical repertoire sung in foreign languages and gives an account of the increasing popularity of sign language interpretation for hearing audiences within the contemporary, commercial music industry. A trial performance is undertaken in order to examine the effectiveness of the idea in the context of classical vocal music. Feedback is gathered from the audience and singer’s perspective during performance and through observations made by studying the video documenting the performance.

The sounding part of the work consists of the following recording: NJones100619. The Corona virus situation spring semester 2020 has caused limitations in the recording possibilities. The recording may be supplemented.

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48

Martinez, Gilles. "Continuum autisme-schizophrénie : apport de l’étude de la cognition sociale et de marqueurs phénotypiques développementaux." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017USPCB065/document.

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Autisme et schizophrénie sont deux troubles psychiatriques neuro-développementaux. L’étude des formes précoces de schizophrénie, fréquemment associées aux troubles du spectre de l’autisme (TSA), a suggéré un possible continuum développemental entre ces troubles. Des arguments cliniques et épidémiologiques, et issus des études en génétique moléculaire ou en imagerie cérébrale, sont progressivement venus étayer cette hypothèse. Dans ce contexte, l’étude de la cognition sociale a fait l’objet d’un intérêt particulier, des altérations étant rapportées dans les deux troubles avec toutefois des résultats contrastés, révélant autant de points communs que de différences. Les relations entre altération de la cognition sociale et charge neuro-développementale ont par ailleurs été peu explorées. A travers nos trois études, nous avons confirmé l’existence d’altérations de la cognition sociale dans les TSA et la schizophrénie. Le MASC (Movie for the Assessment of Social Cognition), épreuve mixte et originale dont nous avons validé la version française, a permis de montrer une altération globale des capacités de mentalisation plus importante dans les TSA que dans la schizophrénie. Les Triangles Animés (épreuve d’attribution d’intention reposant sur un matériel non verbal) ont permis de révéler des différences qualitatives : tandis que l’hypomentalisation est commune aux deux troubles, l’hypermentalisation apparaît plus marquée dans la schizophrénie. Par ailleurs, à travers un continuum autisme-schizophrénie, l’altération de la cognition sociale était liée à la désorganisation de la pensée et du langage, et à l’importance des signes neurologiques mineurs (marqueur de vulnérabilité neurodéveloppementale). En outre, chez les sujets avec schizophrénie, l’hypermentalisation était corrélée à la précocité d’installation du trouble. Nos résultats soulignent l’intérêt de pouvoir repérer chez des patients adultes un trouble du développement. En ce sens, nous avons présenté les premiers éléments de validation d’un autoquestionnaire de dépistage des troubles du développement, permettant en population adulte un repérage rétrospectif des signes et symptômes d’autisme présents dans l’enfance. En conclusion, nos résultats apportent des arguments en faveur du continuum autisme-schizophrénie, en montrant l’existence d’une altération de la cognition sociale, dans ces deux troubles, corrélée à la charge neuro-développementale de façon trans-nosographique. Il existe toutefois des différences qualitatives. Un sous-groupe de sujets avec schizophrénie dont le trouble a débuté précocement semble par ailleurs se dessiner, caractérisé par une tendance à hyper-mentaliser et présentant une désorganisation plus marquée
Autism and schizophrenia are both neurodevelopmental psychiatric disorders. Research on early-onset schizophrenia, commonly associated to autism spectrum disorders (ASD), suggested a possible developmental continuum between both of these disorders. Clinical and epidemiological evidence, and research from molecular genetics or brain imaging, come to support this hypothesis. In this context, social cognition is a matter of special interest. Impairments are reported both in the two disorders, but with inconsistent results, revealing common features as well as differences. Otherwise, links between social cognition impairments and neurodevelopmental burden have been until now poorly explored. Through the contribution of our three studies, we confirmed the importance of social cognition impairment in autism and schizophrenia. The MASC test (Movie for the Assessment of Social Cognition), an original tool which was by our findings validated in a French version, revealed higher overall impairment of mentalizing capabilities in ASD than in schizophrenia. Animated Shapes (non verbal test of attribution of intentions) revealed qualitative differences: whereas hypomentalizing is common both to ASD and schizophrenia, overmentalizing seemed to be more important in schizophrenia. Furthermore, along a continuum between autism and schizophrenia, social cognition impairment was linked to thought and language disorganization, and to neurological soft signs (a marker for neurodevelopmental load). In addition, in subjects with schizophrenia, overmentalizing was correlated to the precocity of onset of the disease. Altogether, our results highlight the need to screen developmental feature in adulthood. In that way, we presented preliminary results in order to validate a developmental disorders screening self-rated questionnaire. As a conclusion, our results bring evidence in favour of a hypothesis of a continuum between autism and schizophrenia, showing a social cognition impairment in both disorders, correlated to the neurodevelopmental load existing in both of them in a transnosographic way. We contributed to emphasize the sub-group of subjects with schizophrenia with early-onset of disease, characterized by a tendency to overmentalizing and presenting a marked disorganization. Our work provides avenue to further studies, integrating neuroimaging and genetic data, that will help to advance in a deeper comprehension of the pathophysiology of autism and schizophrenia. Furthermore, we used and validated in this work promising tools to improve finely psychopathological evaluation and differential diagnosis in adults suffering from autism and from schizophrenia

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Christensen, Kristina. "A European solution for Text and Data Mining in the development of creative Artificial Intelligence : With a specific focus on articles 3 and 4 of the Digital Signel Market Directive." Thesis, Stockholms universitet, Juridiska institutionen, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-195372.

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In today’s data-driven society, also called the Fourth Industrial Revolution, Text and Data Mining (TDM) has become an essential tool in managing the booming Big Data in its different sizes and forms. It is also an inherent part of AI research using machine learning, where these techniques highly depend on datasets derived from TDM to self-learn and to make autonomous decisions. Through the lens of copyright and related rights, TDM may be used to train AI for the purpose of AI-driven creativity, where AI has already helped in actualizing paintings, compose music and to produce movie trailers. However, since TDM typically involves extraction and/or copying of works and other subject matter protectable by copyright and related rights – in order to create datasets relevant to each AI project – it is at risk of infringing the exclusive right of reproduction and sui generis database right under the EU acquis. Indeed, TDM used for the purpose of AI-driven creativity may not necessarily amount to an infringement, if the restricted act is covered by prima facie an available exception or limitation. Several pre-existing exceptions and limitations under the EU acquis, i.e. temporary act of reproduction, scientific research, normal use of a database, extraction of insubstantial part from a database and the mandatory exception for computer programs, have been examined as possible candidates to screen unlicensed TDM activities from copyright and related rights infringement. However, this thesis observes that due to their narrow scope and the legal fragmentation caused by the voluntary implementation of some of the exceptions, these are not fully adapted to cover unlicensed TDM and thus creating legal uncertainties for AI developers. In this regard, in order to transfers the fundamental principle of copyright and related rights into the digital age and to compete with legal systems that offer a more friendly environment for TDM (e.g. US, Japan and UK), the European legislator adopted the Digital Single Market Directive 2019/790 (DSM Directive) comprising two obligatory TDM exceptions in articles 3 and 4. However, despite the reduction of several legal uncertainties and the diverging national implementations of the pre-existing exceptions and limitations, the adopted regime has significant shortcoming that may hinder the AI development in Europe. Ultimately, this thesis concludes that despite following an approach that better fits the digital environment, the DSM Directive fails to address the new era of the Fourth Industrial Revolution to which AI belongs.

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Möckel, Thomas. "Die Entwicklung der medialen Zeichenkompetenz im Vor- und Grundschulalter und ihr Bezug zu bildungsrelevanten Fähigkeiten." Doctoral thesis, Universitätsbibliothek Chemnitz, 2014. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:ch1-qucosa-134598.

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Unser tägliches Umfeld ist heute mehr als jemals zuvor durch die Präsenz von Medien geprägt. Wir begegnen ihnen in schulischen Einrichtungen, am Arbeitsplatz, im häuslichen Bereich oder in unserer Freizeit und nutzen sie gleichermaßen zu Informations- und Unterhaltungszwecken. Dass sich dieser Trend im Laufe der nächsten Jahre weiterhin fortsetzen und verstärken wird, steht außer Frage. Auch in Bezug auf Vor- und Grundschüler lässt sich diese Tendenz beobachten. Um die jüngsten Mitglieder unserer Informationsgesellschaft vor eventuellen medienbezogenen Risiken zu schützen, wird diese Entwicklung durch eine in öffentlichen Diskussionen vielfach zu vernehmende Forderung nach Medienkompetenz begleitet. Allerdings beruht die Mehrheit von Modellen und Konzepten zur Entwicklung und Förderung von Medienkompetenz im Kindesalter nahezu ausschließlich auf theoretischen Annahmen. Aus diesem Grund sollten mittels des durch die Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) geförderten Projekts "Der Erwerb medialer Zeichenkompetenz im Vor- und Grundschulalter: Grundlagen und Förderung", welches zugleich die Grundlage der vorliegenden Dissertation darstellt, folgende Forschungsfragen beantwortet werden: a) Wie lassen sich kindliche Fähigkeiten in Bezug auf Medienkompetenz erfassen?, b) Wie entwickelt sich Medienkompetenz im Verlauf der (frühen) Kindheit? und c) Welcher Zusammenhang besteht zwischen Medienkompetenz und anderen relevanten kognitiven und akademischen Fähigkeiten und der Kompetenz, aus medial vermittelten Inhalten zu lernen? Zu diesem Zweck wurden drei empirische Studien mit Vor- und Grundschülern durchgeführt, die sich mit der Entwicklung der medialen Zeichenkompetenz beschäftigten. Es stellte sich heraus, dass sich die mediale Zeichenkompetenz, welche ab circa. vier Jahren erworben wird, förderlich auf den Erwerb von Lesekompetenz und mathematischen Kompetenzen, auf ihre Vorläuferfähigkeiten sowie auf medienvermitteltes Lernen auswirkt. Zudem zeigte sich, dass die mediale Zeichenkompetenz als ein, zumindest partiell, eigenständiger, symbolisch-kognitiver Bereich zu interpretieren ist, welcher zwar gewisse Verbindungen zu Intelligenzleistungen aufweist, aber dennoch als von ihnen verschieden betrachtet werden muss. Aus den Resultaten folgt somit, dass es günstig wäre, mit Kindern zwischen vier bis sechs Jahren ein Training der medialen Zeichenkompetenz durchzuführen.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Test de signe'

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