Academic literature on the topic 'Test di biocompatibilità'

ABSTRACT Demands of orthopedic implants are increasing in Indonesia, but its production are limited and still imported. Stainless steel, especially 316L is one of metal that is used commonly. This research evaluates biocompatibility of stainless steel 316L implant prototype, local implant manufactured using imported stainless steel, and imported stainless steel implant. Cytotoxicity test used mesenchymal human cell with MTT assay. Irritation test, acute toxicity/pyrogenicity test, and implantation test used 24 Wistar rats respectively which were assigned to 4 groups. We evaluate Draize score, weight and rectal temperature changes, and fibrous capsule ring thickness. Cytotoxicity test shows viable cell percentage in stainless steel 316L implant prototype, local implant, and imported implant are 83.7%, 87.5%, and 83.7% respectively. Comparison test using One Way ANOVA shows no significant difference between 3 groups (p>0.05). Iritation test results in 3 groups are grade 0 (no edema and no erythema). Acute toxicity/pyrogenicity test shows no statistically significant difference (p>0.05) among all groups. There is also no significant difference (p>0.05) of fibrous capsule ring thickness on 1 and 4 weeks after implantation. Based on ISO for medical test guide, stainless steel 316L implant prototype is safe and has similar biocompatibility test result compared to local and imported implant.Keywords : stainless steel 316L, biocompatibility, orthopaedic implantCorrespondence to : ferdiansyah@fk.unair.ac.id ABSTRAKKebutuhan implan orthopedi terus meningkat di Indonesia, namun produksinya terbatas dan sebagian besar masih impor dari luar negeri. Stainless steel, utama 316L adalah salah satu metal yang sering digunakan. Penelitian ini mengevaluasi biokompatibilitas dari prototipe implan stainless steel 316L, implan lokal yang diproduksi menggunakan stainless steel impor, dan implan stainless steel impor. Uji sitotoksisitas menggunakan sel mesenkim human dengan MTT assay. Uji iritasi, uji pirogenositas, dan uji implantasi menggunakan 24 tikus Wistar yang terbagi dalam 4 grup. Kami mengevaluasi skor Draize, perubahan berat dan temperatur rektal, dan ketebalan fibrous capsule ring. Uji sitotoksisitas menunjukkan persentase viabilitas sel pada prototipe stainless steel 316L, implan lokal, dan implan impor berturut-turut adalah 83,7%; 87,5%; dan 83,7%. Uji komparasi dengan One Way Anova tidak menunjukkan perbedaan signifikan diantara 3 grup (p>0,05). Hasil uji iritasi 3 grup menunjukkan grade 0 (tidak ada edema dan eritema). Uji pirogenositas tidak menunjukkan perbedaan signifikan pada semua grup (p>0,05). Tidak ada perbedaan signifikan (p>0,05) pula pada ketebalan fibrous capsule ring di minggu ke 1 dan 4 setelah implantasi. Berdasarkan ISO untuk pedoman uji di bidang medis, prototipe stainless steel 316L aman dan memiliki kesamaan hasil uji biokompatibilitas bila dibandingkan dengan implan lokal dan impor.Kata kunci : stainless steel 316L, uji biokompatibilitas, implan orthopaediKorespondensi : ferdiansyah@fk.unair.ac.id

Aliphatic polyesters are an important class of polymeric materials for biomedical applications due to their versatile and tunable chemistry, biocompatibility and biodegradability. A capability of direct bonding with biomedically significant molecules, provided by the presence of the reactive end functional groups (FGs), is highly desirable for prospective polymers. Among FGs, N-hydroxysuccinimidyl activated ester group (NHS) and maleimide fragment (MI) provide efficient covalent bonding with –NH– and –SH containing compounds. In our study, we found that NHS- and MI-derived acyl chlorides efficiently terminate living ring-opening polymerization of ε-caprolactone, L-lactide, ethyl ethylene phosphonate and ethyl ethylene phosphate, catalyzed by 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-methylphenoxy magnesium complex, with a formation of NHS- and MI-functionalized polymers at a high yields. Reactivity of these polymers towards amine- and thiol-containing model substrates in organic and aqueous media was also studied.

Patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) who undergo hemodialysis have chronic inflammation caused by several factors,including biocompatibility of dialyzer membran. Inflammation will decrease the fetuin A level in serum. The elevation of the markerinflammation (CRP), hyperphosphatemia and decrease of fetuin A level are the risk faktors for vascular calcification. The aim of thisstudy was to know the relationship between serum phosphate, CRP and fetuin A levels in ESRD patients who underwent hemodialysis. Theresearch was carried out by observational cross sectional analytical approach with consecutive sampling on 31 ESRD patients undergoingchronic hemodialysis in the Hemodialysis Unit of the Dr.Kariadi Hospital, by examining levels of CRP by ELISA, serum phosphate byPhosphomolibdate methods and fetuin A by ELISA. The relationships between phosphate serum and CRP, CRP and fetuin A, phosphateserum and fetuin A were analyzed using Spearman correlation test. In this study it was found that 100% of subjects had CRP levels >0.3mg/dL (reference range 0.1-0.3 mg/dL); 61.3% of subjects had serum phosphate >5.1 mg/dL (reference range 2.5-5.1 mg/dL) and allsubjects (100%) had fetuin A levels <0.5 ng/mL (reference range 0.5-1 ng/mL). There was a moderate positive significant correlationbetween serum phosphate and CRP (p=0.024 and r=0.404), there was a strong negative significant correlation between CRP and fetuinA (p=0.000 and r=-0.628). No significant correlation between the phosphate serum and fetuin A (p=0.365 and r=-0.168) was found.Based on this study, it was found that the higher serum phosphate level resulted in a higher CRP and lower fetuin A.

Background: Demineralized dentin matrix (DDM) scaffold is a substitute material for the bone contained in human teeth. DDM is a scaffold-derived tooth dentine containing type I collagen and bone morphogenetic protein (BMP). While DDM possesses the ability to perform osteoinductive and osteoconductive roles, a cytotoxicity test of DDM scaffold remains extremely important in evaluating the level of toxicity of a material if cultured in cells. Adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADMSCs) are multipotent in nature because they contain progenitor cells and have the potential for differentiation via adipogenic, osteogenic and chondrogenic pathways. ADMSCs are also known to have high biocompatibility and the ability to combine with other bone material. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine the cytotoxicity and characteristics of DDM scaffolds derived from bovine teeth in the ADMSCs of rats cultured in vitro. Methods: This research constituted an experimental study. ADMSCs were isolated from the inguinal fat of rats. Thereafter, DDM was extracted from bovine teeth and formed 355-710 μm-sized particles. DDM scaffolds were assessed using SEM and the effects of DDM scaffolds on the cell viability of ADMSCs at concentrations of 10%, 50%, and 100% analyzed by means of 3-4,5’dimethylihiazol-2-yl,2.5-di-phenyl-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. The results obtained were then analyzed by an ANOVA to establish the difference between the groups. Results: SEM results showed the diameter sizes of the dental tubulis DDM scaffolds to be approximately 4.429 μm and 7.519 μm. The highest cell viability (97.08%) was found by means of an MTT test to be in ADMSCs at a concentration of 10% compared to those at concentrations of 50% and 100%. Conclusion: In conclusion, DDM scaffold derived from bovine teeth with a particle size of 355-710 μm produces a low cytotoxicity effect on ADMSCs.

Triangular silver nanocrystals, well-known as nanoprisms (Ag-NPrs), were successfully developed via a robust and straightforward direct chemical reduction synthetic approach, producing desirable tiny and well-controlled Ag-NPrs. This procedure was accomplished by fabricating a mixture of di-sodium succinate hexa-hydrate (DSSH) and tri-sodium citrate di-hydrate (TSCD) as capping agents at optimal synthetic conditions and under an open-air condition, which proved to be an enormous challenge. Additionally, the Ag-NPrs were fully characterized by UV-vis spectra, X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM), and dynamic light scattering (DLS). Likewise, the formation stages from spherical silver nanoparticles (Ag-NPs) to triangular Ag-NPrs were also captured simultaneously via transmission electron microscope (TEM) and high-resolution transmission electron microscope (HR-TEM) images. More interestingly, an active thin silica-shell was efficiently applied on the Ag-NPrs outer-layer to increase their functionality. Furthermore, to confirm their biocompatibility, we also carried out cell viability assays for the Ag-NPs, Ag-NPrs, and Ag-NPrs@SiO2 with different concentrations at 62.5, 125, and 250 µg/mL after 12, 24, and 48 h of exposure time, respectively, on a regular African green monkey kidney cell line. The cell viability test results exemplified that the three silver nanostructures were toxic-free and suitable for further potential biological applications in the near future.

ABSTRACTThe lack of consumable water in urban and industrial-dense areas encourages research on clean water treatment methods. Some current treatment methods, such as precipitation, adsorption, and UV light irradiation are ineffective for water with high levels of suspended solids, organic matter, and turbidity. Therefore, alternative approaches are required to support the availability of clean and consumable water. The membrane technology is an alternative filtration method proposed in the East Surabaya's municipal waterworks area. The membrane filtration method is quite simple and easy to operate. This study aimed to determine the performance of cellulose acetate-based porous plate membranes synthesized by phase inversion for E. coli bacteria's ultrafiltration. As a raw material, cellulose acetate is preferred because of its high hydrophilicity and good biocompatibility. Membrane synthesis was carried out through the phase inversion method with acetone solvents and non-solvent water in the coagulation bath. The positive test for E. coli bacteria was carried out through the MPN (Most Probable Number) method on the municipal waterworks water samples before and after filtering with membranes. The results showed that the synthesis of cellulose acetate membrane had good homogeneity. This result was supported by the results of ANOVA single factor statistical data analysis. Also, cellulose acetate membrane had good permeability and flux performance as ultrafiltration of E. coli bacteria with a flux of 37.25 L/m2.hour.bar at a sufficient pressure of 5 bar. Test results for the presence of E. coli bacteria in PDAM water samples using the MPN method gave an initial indication that the water sample after filtration with cellulose acetate membrane was negative. Keywords: membrane, cellulose acetate, permeability, water fluxABSTRAKMinimnya air bersih yang layak konsumsi di daerah perkotaan dan padat industri mendorong penelitian tentang metode pengolahan air bersih. Kurangnya efektivitas metode pengolahan sebelumnya seperti pengendapan, adsorbsi, dan penyinaran dengan sinar UV untuk air dengan kadar suspended solids, zat organik, dan kekeruhan yang tinggi, diperlukan metode alternatif untuk mendukung ketersediaan air bersih layak konsumsi. Metode filtrasi alternatif yang ditawarkan di PDAM di kawasan Surabaya Timur. Metode filtrasi dengan membran sangat sederhana dan mudah dalam operasionalnya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kinerja membran plat berpori berbasis selulosa asetat yang disintesis secara inversi fasa untuk ultrafiltrasi bakteri E.coli. Selulosa asetat dipilih sebagai bahan baku membran karena selulosa asetat merupakan bahan polimer yang memiliki hidrofilitas tinggi dan biokompatibilitas yang baik. Sintesis membran dilakukan melalui metode inversi fasa dengan pelarut aseton dan nonpelarut air dalam bak koagulasi. Uji positif bakteri E.coli dilakukan melalui metode MPN (Most Probable Number) pada sampel air PDAM sebelum dan sesudah difiltrasi dengan membran. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sintesis membran selulosa asetat memiliki homogenitas baik yang ditunjukkan oleh hasil analisis data statistika ANOVA single factor. Selain itu, membran selulosa asetat memiliki kinerja permeabilitas dan fluks yang baik sebagai ultrafiltrasi bakteri E.coli dengan ketercapaian fluks sebesar 37,25 L/m2.jam.bar pada tekanan efektif sebesar 5 bar. Hasil uji keberadaan bakteri E.coli pada sampel air PDAM dengan metode MPN memberikan indikasi awal bahwa sampel air setelah filtrasi dengan membran selulosa asetat adalah negatif.Kata kunci: membran, selulosa asetat, permeabilitas, fluks air

L'obiettivo principale di questo lavoro di tesi compilativa è stato quello di descrivere nel più ampio modo possibile tutti gli aspetti più importanti che si affrontano nella progettazione dei dispositivi in biomateriale, appartenenti al campo della protesica estetica. Questo è un settore in costante crescita, grazie all’impulso offerto dal mercato dei paesi in “via di sviluppo”, data l’affermazione della sua importanza nel contesto sociale di questi ultimi. Nel settore delle protesi estetiche, poiché l’aspetto funzionale coincide proprio con l’impatto estetico, i vincoli meccanici o di sicurezza elettrica, che caratterizzano altre applicazioni protesiche, risultano molto allentati: nell’ambito della protesica estetica infatti, il maggior vincolo di progettazione risiede della biocompatibilità. Saranno perciò introdotte e valutate le questioni inerenti all’affidabilità ma soprattutto alla biocompatibilità del biomateriale: riguardo a quest’ultima verranno stilate le tecniche di analisi e lavorazione e rivestimento superficiale, quindi i test di biocompatibilità in uso nel settore. Nell’affrontare tutti gli aspetti, sarà riservata particolare attenzione ed approfondimento al settore delle protesi mammarie, considerato il caso di studio del presente lavoro bibliografico di cui verranno citati tecnologie, problematiche e stato dell’arte contemporanei. Infine, saranno esposti storia tecnologica, funzionamento, criticità ancora in essere e sviluppi futuri di corone dentarie (corona di impianto dentale) e fillers in uso nella chirurgia maxillo facciale.