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Echeruo, Ugonna (Ugonna Chukwudalu) 1974. "Enhanced methods for the design and test of CMOS process test vehicles." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/46211.
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Thesis (S.B. and M.Eng.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 1998.Includes bibliographical references (p. 127).
by Ugonna Echeruo.
S.B.and M.Eng.
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Nordstrand, Dennis. "Test-enhanced learning, working memory and fluid intelligence." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för psykologi, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-122471.
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Under det senaste decenniet har testbaserat lärande väl etablerats som ett effektivt sätt att främja hållbar inlärning. Många sorters material och omständigheter har utforskats i relation till denna metod. Endast nyligen har dock individuella skillnader i relation till testbaserat lärande fått uppmärksamhet som ett forskningsområde. Ett område hittills förhållandevis outforskat är relationen mellan individuella skillnader i kognitiv kapacitet och inlärningsprocessen med återhämtning som inlärningsmetod. Denna studie hade för avsikt att utforska denna relation genom att mäta generell flytande intelligens och arbetsminneskapacitet för ett urval av gymnasieelever (n = 189, M = 16.89 år gamla) som använde testbaserat lärande som inlärningsmetod. Resultaten indikerar att arbetsminne och flytande intelligens båda är relaterade till inlärningsprocessen, men att det förstnämnda är så till en signifikant högre grad än det sistnämnda.During the last decade, test-enhanced learning has been thoroughly cemented as an efficient way to promote durable learning. Many materials and conditions have been explored in relation to this method. Only recently, however, have individual differences in relation to test-enhanced learning received attention as an area of study. An area as of yet relatively unexplored is the relationship between differences in cognitive ability and the process of retrieval as a method of learning. The present study set out to explore this relationship by measuring general fluid intelligence and working memory capacity in a sample of upper secondary level students (n = 189, M = 16.89 years of age) who used a test-enhanced learning method. The results indicate that working memory and fluid intelligence are both related to this learning process, however the former to a significantly higher degree than the latter
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Nordstrand, Dennis. "Test-Enhanced Learning, Working Memory, and Difficulty of Material." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för psykologi, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-149176.
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It is well established that repeated testing is more beneficial for durable learning than repeated studying of the same material, a phenomenon known as the testing effect. This study sought to investigate the role of working memory capacity (WMC) in relation to the learning process and the difficulty of the material to be learned when using a test-enhanced learning method. As between subject manipulation, participants (n = 99, M = 25.62 years of age) were divided into two groups, one using repeated studying and one using alternated testing and studying. A material of two difficulty levels, as well as immediate and delayed retention tests, was used in each condition as within subject manipulation. Further, an n-back task was used to measure WMC. Results from mixed model ANOVAs showed no significant impact of WMC on either the learning process or retention in relation to the difficulty of the material. The testing condition performed significantly higher than the studying condition on the retention tests. The testing effect is further cemented as a promising method for practical application in the educational sector regardless of both WMC and difficulty level.Det är väl etablerat att upprepad testning är mer fördelaktigt för hållbar inlärning än upprepad instudering av samma material, ett fenomen känt som testeffekten. Denna studie ämnade undersöka arbetsminnets roll i relation till inlärningsprocessen och svårighetsgrad av material med testbaserat lärande som metod. Som mellangruppsmanipulation delades deltagare (n = 99, M = 25.62 år gamla) in i två grupper, en som upprepade gånger studerade materialet och en som alternerade studerande med tester. Ett material med två svårighetsgrader och ett direkt samt fördröjda retentionstester användes som inomgruppsmanipulation. Vidare användes ett n-backtest som mått på arbetsminneskapacitet. Resultat visade ingen signifikant inverkan av arbetsminne på varken inlärningsprocessen eller retention i relation till svårighetsgrad av material. Testbetingelsen presterade signifikant högre på retentionstest än studiebetingelsen. Testeffekten fastställs ytterligare som lovande metodik för praktisk applikation i utbildningssektorn oberoende av både arbetsminneskapacitet och svårighetsgrad.
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Zhou, Qing. "Test support processor for enhanced testability of high performance integrated circuits." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/13010.
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Bayoumi, Ahmed M. "New laboratory test procedure for the enhanced calibration of constitutive mode." Diss., Available online, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2006, 2006. http://etd.gatech.edu/theses/available/etd-03292006-114517/.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Civil and Environmental Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2006.Paul Mayne, Committee Member ; James Tsai, Committee Member ; Glenn Rix, Committee Member ; David Frost, Committee Member ; Carlos Santamarina, Committee Chair.
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Kruse, Peter Michael [Verfasser]. "Enhanced Test Case Generation with the Classification Tree Method / Peter Michael Kruse." Berlin : Freie Universität Berlin, 2014. http://d-nb.info/1060717921/34.
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KANGAS, SCOTT JONATHAN. "AUTOMATED AND ENHANCED POST-PROCESSING OF MULTIPLE REFERENCE IMPACT TEST (MRIT) DATA." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2003. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1070576205.
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Marek, Greta I. "Integrating Test-Enhanced Learning into a BSN 2015 Foundations of Nursing Class: A Pilot Project." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2015. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/8402.
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Naab-Levy, Adam O. "Enhanced Distance Measuring Equipment Data Broadcast Design, Analysis, Implementation, and Flight-Test Validation." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1449158180.
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Marek, Greta I., and Laura Dower. "Integrating Test-Enhanced Learning into a 2016 BSN Foundations of Nursing Class: A Pilot Project." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2016. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/8397.
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Wiklund-Hörnqvist, Carola. "Brain-based teaching : behavioral and neuro-cognitive evidence for the power of test-enhanced learning." Doctoral thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för psykologi, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-96395.
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A primary goal of education is the acquisition of durable knowledge which challenges the use of efficient pedagogical methods of how to best facilitate learning. Research in cognitive psychology has demonstrated that repeated testing during the learning phase improves performance on later retention tests compared to restudy of material. This empirical phenomenon is called the testing effect. The testing effect has shown to be robust across different kinds of material and when compared to different pedagogical methods. Despite the extensive number of published papers on the testing effect, the majority of the studies have been conducted in the laboratory. More specific, few studies have examined the testing effect in authentic settings when using course material during the progress of a course. Further, few studies have investigated the beneficial effects with test-enhanced learning by the use of neuroimaging methods (e.g. fMRI). The aim with the thesis was to investigate the effects of test-enhanced learning in an authentic educational context and how this is related to individual differences in working memory capacity (Study I and II) as well as changes in brain activity involved in successful repeated testing and long term retention (Study III). In study I, we examined whether repeated testing with feedback benefitted learning compared to rereading of introductory psychology key concepts in a sample of undergraduate students. The results revealed that repeated testing with feedback was superior compared to rereading both immediate after practice and at longer delays. The effect of repeated testing was beneficial for students irrespectively of WMC. In Study II, we investigated test-enhanced learning in relation to the encoding variability hypothesis for the learning of mathematics in a sample of fifth-grade children. Learning was examined in relation to both practiced and transfer tasks. No differences were found for the practiced tasks. Regarding the transfer tasks, the results gave support for the encoding variability hypothesis, but only at the immediate test. In contrast, when we followed up the durability of learning across time, the results showed that taking the same questions over and over again during the intervention resulted in better performance across time compared to variable encoding. Individual differences in WMC predicted performance on the transfer tasks, but only at the immediate test, regardless of group. Together, the results from Study I and Study II clearly indicate that testenhanced learning is effective in authentic settings, across age-groups and also produces transfer. Integrate current findings from cognitive science, in terms of test-enhanced learning, by the use of authentic materials and assessments relevant for educational goals can be rather easily done with vi computer based tasks. The observed influence of individual differences in WMC between the studies warrant further study of its specific contribution to be able to optimize the learning procedure. In Study III, we tested the complementary hypothesis regarding the mechanisms behind memory retrieval. Recurrent retrieval may be efficient because it induces representational consistency or, alternatively, because it induces representational variability - the altering or adding of underlying representations as a function of successful repeated retrieval. A cluster in right superior parietal cortex was identified as important for items successfully repeatedly retrieved Day 1, and also correctly remembered Day 7, compared to those successfully repeatedly retrieved Day 1 but forgotten Day 7. Representational similarity analysis in this region gave support for the theoretical explanations that emphasis semantic elaboration.
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Liu, Fuchen. "Hierarchical clustering using equivalence test : application on automatic segmentation of dynamic contrast enhanced image sequence." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017USPCB013/document.
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L'imagerie de perfusion permet un accès non invasif à la micro-vascularisation tissulaire. Elle apparaît comme un outil prometteur pour la construction de biomarqueurs d'imagerie pour le diagnostic, le pronostic ou le suivi de traitement anti-angiogénique du cancer. Cependant, l'analyse quantitative des séries dynamiques de perfusion souffre d'un faible rapport signal sur bruit (SNR). Le SNR peut être amélioré en faisant la moyenne de l'information fonctionnelle dans de grandes régions d'intérêt, qui doivent néanmoins être fonctionnellement homogènes. Pour ce faire, nous proposons une nouvelle méthode pour la segmentation automatique des séries dynamiques de perfusion en régions fonctionnellement homogènes, appelée DCE-HiSET. Au coeur de cette méthode, HiSET (Hierarchical Segmentation using Equivalence Test ou Segmentation hiérarchique par test d'équivalence) propose de segmenter des caractéristiques fonctionnelles ou signaux (indexées par le temps par exemple) observées discrètement et de façon bruité sur un espace métrique fini, considéré comme un paysage, avec un bruit sur les observations indépendant Gaussien de variance connue. HiSET est un algorithme de clustering hiérarchique qui utilise la p-valeur d'un test d'équivalence multiple comme mesure de dissimilarité et se compose de deux étapes. La première exploite la structure de voisinage spatial pour préserver les propriétés locales de l'espace métrique, et la seconde récupère les structures homogènes spatialement déconnectées à une échelle globale plus grande. Etant donné un écart d'homogénéité $\delta$ attendu pour le test d'équivalence multiple, les deux étapes s'arrêtent automatiquement par un contrôle de l'erreur de type I, fournissant un choix adaptatif du nombre de régions. Le paramètre $\delta$ apparaît alors comme paramètre de réglage contrôlant la taille et la complexité de la segmentation. Théoriquement, nous prouvons que, si le paysage est fonctionnellement constant par morceaux avec des caractéristiques fonctionnelles bien séparées entre les morceaux, HiSET est capable de retrouver la partition exacte avec grande probabilité quand le nombre de temps d'observation est assez grand. Pour les séries dynamiques de perfusion, les hypothèses, dont dépend HiSET, sont obtenues à l'aide d'une modélisation des intensités (signaux) et une stabilisation de la variance qui dépend d'un paramètre supplémentaire $a$ et est justifiée a posteriori. Ainsi, DCE-HiSET est la combinaison d'une modélisation adaptée des séries dynamiques de perfusion avec l'algorithme HiSET. A l'aide de séries dynamiques de perfusion synthétiques en deux dimensions, nous avons montré que DCE-HiSET se révèle plus performant que de nombreuses méthodes de pointe de clustering. En terme d'application clinique de DCE-HiSET, nous avons proposé une stratégie pour affiner une région d'intérêt grossièrement délimitée par un clinicien sur une série dynamique de perfusion, afin d'améliorer la précision de la frontière des régions d'intérêt et la robustesse de l'analyse basée sur ces régions tout en diminuant le temps de délimitation. La stratégie de raffinement automatique proposée est basée sur une segmentation par DCE-HiSET suivie d'une série d'opérations de type érosion et dilatation. Sa robustesse et son efficacité sont vérifiées grâce à la comparaison des résultats de classification, réalisée sur la base des séries dynamiques associées, de 99 tumeurs ovariennes et avec les résultats de l'anapathologie sur biopsie utilisés comme référence. Finalement, dans le contexte des séries d'images 3D, nous avons étudié deux stratégies, utilisant des structures de voisinage des coupes transversales différentes, basée sur DCE-HiSET pour obtenir la segmentation de séries dynamiques de perfusion en trois dimensions. (...)Dynamical contrast enhanced (DCE) imaging allows non invasive access to tissue micro-vascularization. It appears as a promising tool to build imaging biomarker for diagnostic, prognosis or anti-angiogenesis treatment monitoring of cancer. However, quantitative analysis of DCE image sequences suffers from low signal to noise ratio (SNR). SNR may be improved by averaging functional information in large regions of interest, which however need to be functionally homogeneous. To achieve SNR improvement, we propose a novel method for automatic segmentation of DCE image sequence into functionally homogeneous regions, called DCE-HiSET. As the core of the proposed method, HiSET (Hierarchical Segmentation using Equivalence Test) aims to cluster functional (e.g. with respect to time) features or signals discretely observed with noise on a finite metric space considered to be a landscape. HiSET assumes independent Gaussian noise with known constant level on the observations. It uses the p-value of a multiple equivalence test as dissimilarity measure and consists of two steps. The first exploits the spatial neighborhood structure to preserve the local property of the metric space, and the second recovers (spatially) disconnected homogeneous structures at a larger (global) scale. Given an expected homogeneity discrepancy $\delta$ for the multiple equivalence test, both steps stop automatically through a control of the type I error, providing an adaptive choice of the number of clusters. Parameter $\delta$ appears as the tuning parameter controlling the size and the complexity of the segmentation. Assuming that the landscape is functionally piecewise constant with well separated functional features, we prove that HiSET will retrieve the exact partition with high probability when the number of observation times is large enough. In the application for DCE image sequence, the assumption is achieved by the modeling of the observed intensity in the sequence through a proper variance stabilization, which depends only on one additional parameter $a$. Therefore, DCE-HiSET is the combination of this DCE imaging modeling step with our statistical core, HiSET. Through a comparison on synthetic 2D DCE image sequence, DCE-HiSET has been proven to outperform other state-of-the-art clustering-based methods. As a clinical application of DCE-HiSET, we proposed a strategy to refine a roughly manually delineated ROI on DCE image sequence, in order to improve the precision at the border of ROIs and the robustness of DCE analysis based on ROIs, while decreasing the delineation time. The automatic refinement strategy is based on the segmentation through DCE-HiSET and a series of erosion-dilation operations. The robustness and efficiency of the proposed strategy are verified by the comparison of the classification of 99 ovarian tumors based on their associated DCE-MR image sequences with the results of biopsy anapathology used as benchmark. Furthermore, DCE-HiSET is also adapted to the segmentation of 3D DCE image sequence through two different strategies with distinct considerations regarding the neighborhood structure cross slices. This PhD thesis has been supported by contract CIFRE of the ANRT (Association Nationale de la Recherche et de la Technologie) with a french company INTRASENSE, which designs, develops and markets medical imaging visualization and analysis solutions including Myrian®. DCE-HiSET has been integrated into Myrian® and tested to be fully functional
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Marek, Greta I., and Laura Dower. "Integrating Test-Enhanced Learning into a 2014 BSN Foundations of Nursing Class: A Pilot Project." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2014. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/8406.
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Ashton, Christopher D. "Total dose radiation test methodologies for advanced spacecraft electronics experiencing enhanced low dose rate sensitivity." Thesis, University of Surrey, 2016. http://epubs.surrey.ac.uk/810105/.
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The purpose of this thesis is to determine whether hydrogen can be implanted into elec- tronic components for the goal of investigating low ionising dose rate sensitivity, and using this to suggest whether hydrogen implantation can be used as an accelerated method to detect ELDRS (Enhanced Low Dose Rate Sensitivity) susceptability. Current ground testing methods for total ionising dose irradiate using cobalt-60 at dose rates greater than 10mGy(Si)/s up to 200Gy. It has been found that bipolar devices show an increased susceptibility to radiation induced damage at dose rates below 10mGy(Si)/s known as ELDRS. Current research has linked ELDRS susceptibility with hydrogen content within the integrated circuit and experiments based upon hydrogen soaking de-lidded bipolar devices demonstrate this relationship, however this has not led to an accepted method for testing ELDRS susceptibility in previously un-tested devices. In this thesis, a novel proposal is put forward whereby bipolar devices are directly implanted with hydrogen using a targeted ion beam in order to accelerate the testing process. Hydrogen implantation via a 600keV ion beam has been achieved to a level of 10^17 H/cm^2 in Analog Device’s AD590KF temperature transducer, and 10^14-15 H/cm^2in National Semiconductor’s LM124 quad operational amplifiers. Devices were decapped, optically analysed, and targeted with a focussed proton beam. These devices were then irradiated at 15mGy/s, 5mGy/s and 15mGy/s. Increased degradation was seen at lower dose rates which was matched by high dose rate irradiation of the implanted devices followed by a room temperature anneal. The use of ion implantation for the development of an accelerated ELDRS test method is proposed. This thesis demonstrated that hydrogen can be succesfully implanted into devices, established an upper bound for the LM124 for implantation and a lower bound for hydrogen remaining in the target area and the effect of hydrogen implantation on the AD590 temperature transducer is discussed. This thesis concludes by suggesting hydrogen implantation as a method for use by manufacturers during the design and investigation of intrinsically ELDRS-free technologies.
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Louk, Andrew Kyle. "Monitoring CO2 Plume Migration for a Carbon Storage-Enhanced Coalbed Methane Recovery Test in Central Appalachia." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/87434.
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During the past decade, carbon capture, utilization, and storage (CCUS) has gained considerable recognition as a viable option to mitigate carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions. This process involves capturing CO2 at emission sources such as power plants, refineries, and processing plants, and safely and permanently storing it in underground geologic formations. Many CO2 injection tests have been successfully conducted to assess the storage potential of CO2 in saline formations, oil and natural gas reservoirs, organic-rich shales, and unmineable coal reservoirs. Coal seams are an attractive reservoir for CO2 storage due to coal's large capacity to store gas within its microporous structure, as well as its ability to preferentially adsorb CO2 over naturally occurring methane resulting in enhanced coalbed methane (ECBM) recovery.
A small-scale CO2 injection test was conducted in Southwest Virginia to assess the storage and ECBM recovery potential of CO2 in a coalbed methane reservoir. The goal of this test was to inject up to 20,000 tons of CO2 into a stacked coal reservoir of approximately 15-20 coal seams. Phase I of the injection test was conducted from July 2, 2015 to April 15, 2016 when a total of 10,601 tons of CO2 were injected. Phase II of the injection was conducted from December 14, 2016 to January 30, 2017 when an additional 2,662 tons of CO2 were injected, for a total of 13,263 total tons of CO2 injected. A customized monitoring, verification, and accounting (MVA) plan was created to monitor CO2 injection activities, including surface, near-surface, and subsurface technologies. As part of this MVA plan, chemical tracers were used as a tool to help track CO2 plume migration within the reservoir and determine interwell connectivity. The work presented in this dissertation will discuss the development and implementation of chemical tracers as a monitoring tool, detail wellbore-scale tests performed to characterize CO2 breakthrough and interwell connectivity, and present results from both phases of the CO2 injection test.PHD
During the past decade, carbon capture, utilization, and storage (CCUS) has gained considerable recognition as a viable option to mitigate carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions. This process involves capturing CO2 at emission sources such as power plants, refineries, and processing plants, and safely and permanently storing it in underground geologic formations. Many CO2 injection tests have been successfully conducted to assess the storage potential of CO2 in saline formations, oil and natural gas reservoirs, organic-rich shales, and unmineable coal reservoirs. Coal seams are an attractive reservoir for CO2 storage due to coal’s large capacity to store gas within its microporous structure, as well as its ability to preferentially adsorb CO2 over naturally occurring methane resulting in enhanced coalbed methane (ECBM) recovery. A small-scale CO2 injection test was conducted in Southwest Virginia to assess the storage and ECBM recovery potential of CO2 in a coalbed methane reservoir. The goal of this test was to inject up to 20,000 tons of CO2 into a stacked coal reservoir of approximately 15-20 coal seams. Phase I of the injection test was conducted from July 2, 2015 to April 15, 2016 when a total of 10,601 tons of CO2 were injected. Phase II of the injection was conducted from December 14, 2016 to January 30, 2017 when an additional 2,662 tons of CO2 were injected, for a total of 13,263 total tons of CO2 injected. A customized monitoring, verification, and accounting (MVA) plan was created to monitor CO2 injection activities, including surface, near-surface, and subsurface technologies. As part of this MVA plan, chemical tracers were used as a tool to help track CO2 plume migration within the reservoir and determine interwell connectivity. The work presented in this dissertation will discuss the development and implementation of chemical tracers as a monitoring tool, detail wellbore-scale tests performed to characterize CO2 breakthrough and interwell connectivity, and present results from both phases of the CO2 injection test.
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Marek, Greta I., and Laura Dower. "Effectiveness of Integrating Test-Enhanced 2015 Learning into a BSN Foundations of Nursing Class: A Pilot Project." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2015. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/8403.
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Quintero, Natalia M. "Validation of the Enhanced Integrated Climatic Model (EICM) for the Ohio SHRP Test Road at U.S. 23." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2007. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1195142855.
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St, Clair Bryn Ellen. "Test-Enhanced Learning in Post-Secondary Biology Courses: The Effect of Cues and Incentives on High-Level Learning." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2021. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/8920.
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Cognitive scientists and psychology researchers have given growing attention to evidence of the testing effect, that is, the improvement of students' recall through memory-retrieval practice in the form of quizzes and exams. While laboratory experiments consistently show dramatic positive effects on learning through the testing effect, discipline-specific education researchers have sought to generalize these findings in real, instead of simulated classrooms. The objective of this dissertation was threefold: (1) To survey the current literature on the testing-effect as it applies to learning biology at the post-secondary level. In this review, I consider how further research on the testing effect may be useful for instructors' decisions regarding its use. (2) To describe findings from a qua¬si-experimental design in a post-secondary biology class with low and high point incentives and measured student learning. Although exposure to exams predicted better learning, incentive level did not moderate this effect, an outcome that contradicted recent laboratory findings that higher incentives decreased student recall. (3) To describe findings from a study that compared student learning in conditions where cued exams were in place versus conditions in which they were absent. Student learning improved in the former condition relative to the latter. I discuss the implications of the results in all of these studies for further research and application.
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Gilliland, Ellen. "Integrative Geophysical and Environmental Monitoring of a CO2 Sequestration and Enhanced Coalbed Methane Recovery Test in Central Appalachia." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/73552.
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A storage and enhanced coalbed methane (CO2-ECBM) test will store up to 20,000 tons of carbon dioxide in a stacked coal reservoir in southwest Virginia. The test involves two phases of CO2 injection operations. Phase I was conducted from July 2, 2015 to April 15, 2016, and injected a total of 10, 601 tons of CO2. After a reservoir soaking period of seven months, Phase II is scheduled to begin Fall 2016. The design of the monitoring program for the test considered several site-specific factors, including a unique reservoir geometry, challenging surface terrain, simultaneous CBM production activities which complicate the ability to attribute signals to sources. A multi-scale approach to the monitoring design incorporated technologies deployed over different, overlapping spatial and temporal scales selected for the monitoring program include dedicated observation wells, CO2 injection operations monitoring, reservoir pressure and temperature monitoring, gas and formation water composition from offset wells tracer studies, borehole liquid level measurement, microseismic monitoring, surface deformation measurement, and various well logs and tests. Integrated interpretations of monitoring results from Phase I of the test have characterized enhanced permeability, geomechanical variation with depth, and dynamic reservoir injectivity. Results have also led to the development of recommended injection strategy for CO2-ECBM operations. The work presented here describes the development of the monitoring program, including design considerations and rationales for selected technologies, and presents monitoring results and interpretations from Phase I of the test.Ph. D.
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Louk, Andrew Kyle. "Monitoring for Enhanced Gas and Liquids Recovery from a CO2 'Huff-and-Puff' Injection Test in a Horizontal Chattanooga Shale Well." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/73806.
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Permanently sequestering carbon dioxide (CO2) in gas-bearing shale formations is beneficial in that it can mitigate greenhouse gas emissions as well as enhance gas recovery in production wells. This is possible due to the sorption properties of the organic material within shales and their greater affinity for CO2 over methane. The phenomenon of preferentially adsorbing CO2 while desorbing methane has been proven in coalbed reservoirs successfully, and is feasible for shale formations. The objective of this thesis is to explore the potential for enhanced gas recovery from gas-bearing shale formations by injecting CO2 into a targeted shale formation.
With the advancement of technologies in horizontal drilling combined with hydraulic fracturing, shale gas has become a significant source of energy throughout the United States. With over 6,000 trillion cubic feet (Tcf) of theoretical gas-in-place, Appalachia has proven a major basin for gas production from organic shales. With its extensive shale reserves and lack of conventional reservoirs typically used for CO2 storage, Appalachia's unconventional reservoirs are favorable candidates for CO2 storage with enhanced gas recovery. Enhancing gas recovery not only increases reserves, but extends the life of mature wells and fields throughout the basin.
As part of this research, 510 tons of CO2 were successfully injected into a horizontal production well completed in the Chattanooga shale formation, a late Devonian shale, in Morgan County, Tennessee. An extensive monitoring program was implemented during the pre-injection baseline, injection, soaking, and flowback phases of the test. Multiple fluorinated tracers were used to monitor for potential CO2 breakthrough at offset production wells and to help account for the CO2 once the well was flowed back. Results from this test, once the well was put back into normal production state, confirm the injectivity and storage potential of CO2 in shale formations, as well as an increase in gas production rate and quality of gas produced.Master of Science
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Akman, Caner. "The Effects Of Instruction With Analogy-enhanced Model On Ninth Grade Students." Master's thesis, METU, 2005. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12606581/index.pdf.
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This study was conducted to investigate the effect of analogy-enhanced instruction on students&rsquoachievement in function and attitudes toward mathematics. The study was conducted with 63 ninth grade students in one of the public high schools in Konya, Turkey during Spring 2005 semester. The experimental group received instruction with analogy-enhanced model. The control group received instruction with traditional method. The matching-only pre-test- post-test control group design was used in the study. The following measuring instruments were used to collect data: The Function Achievement Test, Mathematics Attitude Scale and open ended questions. The data of the present study were analyzed by using Multivariate Analysis of Variance (MANOVA) and paired t-test. Results of the study indicated that: (1) There was a significant mean difference between students received instruction with analogy-enhanced models and those received instruction with traditional method in terms of the function achievement, (2) there was no significant mean difference between students received instruction with analogy-enhanced models and those received instruction with traditional method in terms of attitudes toward mathematics, (3) there was a significant mean difference between gained scores of students received instruction with analogy-enhanced method and those received instruction with traditional method in terms of attitudes toward mathematics.
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Sonnack, Laura Verfasser], Henner [Akademischer Betreuer] [Hollert, and Andreas [Akademischer Betreuer] Schäffer. "Enhanced applications of the zebrafish (Danio rerio) embryo toxicity test as a model to mechanistically differentiate metal toxicity effects in fish / Laura Sonnack ; Henner Hollert, Andreas Schäffer." Aachen : Universitätsbibliothek der RWTH Aachen, 2018. http://d-nb.info/1169915051/34.
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Sonnack, Laura [Verfasser], Henner [Akademischer Betreuer] Hollert, and Andreas [Akademischer Betreuer] Schäffer. "Enhanced applications of the zebrafish (Danio rerio) embryo toxicity test as a model to mechanistically differentiate metal toxicity effects in fish / Laura Sonnack ; Henner Hollert, Andreas Schäffer." Aachen : Universitätsbibliothek der RWTH Aachen, 2018. http://d-nb.info/1169915051/34.
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Saylor, Kase J., Paul B. Wood, William A. Malatesta, and Ben A. Abbott. "TENA Performance in a Telemetry Network System." International Foundation for Telemetering, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/606020.
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ITC/USA 2009 Conference Proceedings / The Forty-Fifth Annual International Telemetering Conference and Technical Exhibition / October 26-29, 2009 / Riviera Hotel & Convention Center, Las Vegas, NevadaThe integrated Network-Enhanced Telemetry (iNET) project conducted an assessment to determine how the Test and Training Enabling Architecture (TENA) would integrate into an iNET Telemetry Network System (TmNS), particularly across constrained environments on a resource constrained platform. Some of the key elements investigated were quality of service measures (throughput, latency, and reliability) in the face of projected characteristics of iNET Data Acquisition Unit (DAU) devices including size, weight, and power (SWAP), and processing capacity such as memory size and processor speed. This paper includes recommendations for both the iNET and TENA projects.
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Širjovová, Veronika. "Optimalizace plazmatických povrchových úprav skleněných vláken." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta chemická, 2019. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-401847.
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Diploma thesis deals with glass fiber surface modification using plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition in order to prepare functional interface that enhances the properties of polymer composites. The effect of deposition conditions on shear strength was observed with respect to the chemical composition of the deposited film. Thin films were deposited on planar substrates and fibers using monomer tetravinylsilane in a mixture with oxygen at selected power of plasma discharge. Chemical composition of prepared material was analyzed by infrared spectroscopy. Planar substrate film adhesion was measured using the scratch test. The composite sample was prepared by embedding the surface modified fibers in unsaturated polyester resin, followed by the curing process. The cured composite sample underwent the short beam shear test.
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Almgren, Erik. "Sensor Fusion for Enhanced Lane Departure Warning." Thesis, Linköping University, Department of Electrical Engineering, 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-7707.
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A lane departure warning system relying exclusively on a camera has several shortcomings and tends to be sensitive to, e.g., bad weather and abrupt manoeuvres. To handle these situations, the system proposed in this thesis uses a dynamic model of the vehicle and integration of relative motion sensors to estimate the vehicle’s position on the road. The relative motion is measured using vision, inertial, and vehicle sensors. All these sensors types are affected by errors such as offset, drift and quantization. However the different sensors are sensitive to different types of errors, e.g., the camera system is rather poor at detecting rapid lateral movements, a type of situation which an inertial sensor practically never fails to detect. These kinds of complementary properties make sensor fusion interesting. The approach of this Master’s thesis is to use an already existing lane departure warning system as vision sensor in combination with an inertial measurement unit to produce a system that is robust and can achieve good warnings if an unintentional lane departure is about to occur. For the combination of sensor data, different sensor fusion models have been proposed and evaluated on experimental data. The models are based on a nonlinear model that is linearized so that a Kalman filter can be applied. Experiments show that the proposed solutions succeed at handling situations where a system relying solely on a camera would have problems. The results from the testing show that the original lane departure warning system, which is a single camera system, is outperformed by the suggested system.
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McGillivray, Alexander Vamie. "Enhanced Integration of Shear Wave Velocity Profiling in Direct-Push Site Characterization Systems." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/19714.
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Enhanced Integration of Shear Wave Velocity Profiling in Direct-Push Site Characterization Systems
Alexander V. McGillivray
370 Pages
Directed by Dr. Paul W. Mayne
Shear wave velocity (VS) is a fundamental property of soils directly related to the shear stiffness at small-strains. Therefore, VS should be a routine measurement made during everyday site characterization. There are several lab and field methods for measuring VS, but the seismic piezocone penetration test (SCPTu) and the seismic dilatometer test (SDMT) are the most efficient means for profiling the small-strain stiffness in addition to evaluating large-strain strength, as well as providing evaluations of the geostratigraphy, stress state, and permeability, all within a single sounding.
Although the CPT and DMT have been in use for over three decades in the USA, they are only recently becoming commonplace on small-, medium-, and large-size projects as more organizations begin to realize their benefits. Regrettably, the SCPTu and the SDMT are lagging slightly behind their non-seismic counterparts in popularity, in part because the geophysics component of the tests has not been updated during the 25 years since the tests were envisioned. The VS measurement component is inefficient and not cost effective for routine use. The purpose of this research is to remove the barriers to seismic testing during direct-push site characterization with SCPTu and SDMT.
A continuous-push seismic system has been developed to improve the integration of VS measurements with SCPTu and SDMT, allowing VS to be measured during penetration without stopping the progress of the probe. A new type of portable automated seismic source, given the name RotoSeis, was created to generate repeated hammer strikes at regularly spaced time intervals. A true-interval biaxial seismic probe and an automated data acquisition system were also developed to capture the shear waves. By not limiting VS measurement to pauses in penetration during rod breaks, it is possible to make overlapping VS interval measurements. This new method, termed frequent-interval, increases the depth resolution of the VS profile to be more compatible with the depth intervals of the near-continuous non-seismic measurements of the SCPTu and the SDMT.
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Souza, Bernardo Fonseca Reis de. "Kina: an enhanced development model and toolkit for Kinect applications." Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, 2013. https://repositorio.ufpe.br/handle/123456789/11590.
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Aplicações interativas são sistemas complexos do ponto de vista da engenharia de testes, dado o grande domínio dos mecanismos de entrada, o que resulta em um espaço de teste bastante amplo. Sistemas baseados em rastreamento corporal apresentam ainda mais desafios, devido aos inúmeros graus de liberdade do corpo humano. Para garantir a confiabilidade deste tipo de aplicação na fase de testes de desenvolvimento, o desenvolvedor se depara com uma série de dificuldades durante a execução dos testes. No contexto específico do sensor Kinect, o desenvolvedor não possui um mecanismo de entradas de referência para especificação e reaplicação dos testes, a posição de inicialização em pé torna-se cansativa após algumas repetições e a complexidade em compartilhar simultaneamente um dispositivo aumenta substancialmente os custos dos testes. Esta dissertação de mestrado propõe um modelo de desenvolvimento e testes baseado no uso de um conjunto de ferramentas de gravação e reprodução chamado Kina, com o objetivo de promover um ambiente de desenvolvimento produtivo para aplicações baseadas em rastreamento corporal. O modelo e o conjunto de ferramentas foram avaliados com estudantes universitários, que reportaram ser mais fácil desenvolver aplicações para Kinect com o Kina.
Interactive applications are complex systems with regards to test engineering, given the large domain of the input mechanisms, which results in a very large test space. Body-tracking–based systems impose more challenges, since the human body has several degrees of freedom. In order to guarantee the reliability of such applications on the development testing phase, the developer faces a series of issues during the executions of the tests. In the specific context of the Kinect sensor, the developer lacks an input reference mechanism for specification and remake of tests, the required standing position becomes tiring after a few repetitions and the complexity of simultaneously sharing a device can increase substantially the costs of testing. This master dissertation proposes a development and testing model based on the use of a record and playback toolkit named Kina, in order to promote an efficient development environment for body-tracking–based applications. The model and the toolkit were evaluated with undergraduate students, which praised the ease of development brought by Kina.
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Wigent, Mark A., and Andrea M. Mazzario. "Spectrum Savings from High Performance Network Recording and Playback Onboard the Test Article." International Foundation for Telemetering, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/581609.
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ITC/USA 2012 Conference Proceedings / The Forty-Eighth Annual International Telemetering Conference and Technical Exhibition / October 22-25, 2012 / Town and Country Resort & Convention Center, San Diego, CaliforniaThe Test Resource Management Center's (TRMC) Spectrum Efficient Technologies (SET) S&T program is sponsoring development of the Enhanced Query Data Recorder (EQDR), a network flight recorder that is intended to meet the future needs of the networked telemetry environment. EQDR is designed to support the "fetch" of recorded test data during a test without interrupting the ongoing recording of data from the test article vehicle network. The key benefits of the network data recorder as implemented in EQDR are increased flexibility and efficiency of test in an environment with increasing demands on spectrum available for telemetered data. EQDR enables retrieval of individual recorded parameters on an as-needed basis. Having the flexibility to send data only when it is required rather than throughout the duration of the test significantly increases the efficiency with which limited spectrum resources are used. EQDR enables parametric-level data retrieval, based not only on time interval and data source, but also on the content of the recorded data messages. EQDR enables selective, efficient retrieval of individual parameters using indexes derived from the actual values of recorded data. This paper describes the design of EQDR and the benefits of selective data storage and retrieval in the application of networked telemetry. In addition it describes the performance of the EQDR in terms of data recording and data retrieval rates when implemented on single board computers designed for use in the aeronautical test environment with size, weight, and power constraints.
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Boldrighini, Patrick Mark. "Enhanced adhesives for the encapsulation of flexible organic photovoltaic modules." Thesis, Clermont-Ferrand 2, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015CLF22586/document.
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La limitation de perméation des gaz aux bordes de l’encapsulation des photovoltaïques organiques flexibles a été adressée par l’identification des chemins de perméation du vapeur d’eau et par la formulation des nanocomposites adhésives. Une version modifiée du test de calcium optique a été développée pour identifier l’importance des chemins de perméation différents présent dans l’encapsulation des modules photovoltaïques organiques flexibles. Les nanoparticules des phyllosilicates et les nanoparticules des zéolithes ont été dispersées dedans les formulations des adhésifs différents incluant les adhésifs acryliques sensibles à pression et les adhésifs UV réticulables. Les propriétés mécaniques, optiques, et barrières de vapeur d’eau des nanocomposites ont été caractérisés en plus de leur photo-stabilité sous irradiation UV. Les nanocomposites ont été également utilisés pour encapsuler les cellules photovoltaïques organiques et la stabilité des dispositifs a été évaluer sous les conditions de vieillissement accélérés d’humidité et températureIn order to address the issue of lateral water and oxygen permeation through the sides of the encapsulation and into flexible organic photovoltaic (OPV) devices, the water vapor permeation pathways were identified and several adhesive nanocomposites formulated and tested to limit these pathways. To identify the relative importance of the various water vapor permeation pathways present in the encapsulation of flexible OPV devices, a modified version of the optical calcium test was developed. Passive nanoparticles (phyllosilicates) and active nanoparticles (zeolites) were both evaluated dispersed in UV curing acrylate adhesives and acrylic block copolymer pressure sensitive adhesives. The nanocomposites were characterized for their mechanical and optical properties as well as their water vapor permeation and UV photostability. The adhesives were also used to encapsulate OPV devices and tested in accelerated humidity aging
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Ennis, Theresa R. "Assessing and enhancing critical thinking skills: Enhanced Peer Review (EPR) with CAT instrument : a dissertation presented to the faculty of the Graduate School, Tennessee Technological University /." Click to access online version, 2007. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?index=68&did=1338860341&SrchMode=1&sid=1&Fmt=6&VInst=PROD&VType=PQD&RQT=309&VName=PQD&TS=1255013411&clientId=28564.
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Maunier, Christine. "Développement d'un outil numérique d'aide à l'étude et à la conception de procédés d'injection d'eaux additivées : application à la récupération tertiaire du pétrole." Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996INPL132N.
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Nous avons développé un code de calcul permettant de simuler et d'analyser des expériences de laboratoire d'injection de solutions micellaires dans des carottes de sol dans un but de récupération d'huile résiduelle. Après avoir identifié et représenté par des modèles appropriés les différents processus mis en jeu au cours du transport (modification des tensions interfaciales, des équilibres de phases, interactions physicochimiques) nous avons bâti notre modèle de transport à partir des équations de bases établies sur un réseau d'écoulement. Nous avons démontré la stabilité du modèle et, sur des exemples de simulation, nous avons proposé une démarche pour identifier des processus d'interactions à partir de résultats d'expérience de transport. Enfin, on a pu donner des exemples de simulations d'expériences de déplacement d'huile résiduelle en prenant en compte les interactions physico-chimiques au sein du milieu poreux
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Fenollosa, Artés Felip. "Contribució a l'estudi de la impressió 3D per a la fabricació de models per facilitar l'assaig d'operacions quirúrgiques de tumors." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/667421.
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La present tesi doctoral s’ha centrat en el repte d’aconseguir, mitjançant Fabricació Additiva (FA), models per a assaig quirúrgic, sota la premissa que els equips per fer-los haurien de ser accessibles a l’àmbit hospitalari. L’objectiu és facilitar l’extensió de l’ús dels prototips com a eina de preparació d’operacions quirúrgiques, transformant la pràctica mèdica actual de la mateixa manera que en el seu moment ho van fer tecnologies com les que van facilitar l’ús de radiografies. El motiu d’utilitzar FA, en lloc de tecnologies més tradicionals, és la seva capacitat de materialitzar de forma directa les dades digitals obtingudes de l’anatomia del pacient mitjançant sistemes d’escanejat tridimensional, fent possible l’obtenció de models personalitzats. Els resultats es centren en la generació de nou coneixement sobre com aconseguir equipaments d’impressió 3D multimaterials accessibles que permetin l’obtenció de models mimètics respecte als teixits vius. Per facilitar aquesta buscada extensió de la tecnologia, s’ha focalitzat en les tecnologies de codi obert com la Fabricació per Filament Fos (FFF) i similars basades en líquids catalitzables. La recerca s’alinea dins l’activitat de desenvolupament de la FA al CIM UPC, i en aquest àmbit concret amb la col·laboració amb l’Hospital Sant Joan de Déu de Barcelona (HSJD). El primer bloc de la tesi inclou la descripció de l’estat de l’art, detallant les tecnologies existents i la seva aplicació a l’entorn mèdic. S’han establert per primer cop unes bases de caracterització dels teixits vius -sobretot tous- per donar suport a la selecció de materials que els puguin mimetitzar en un procés de FA, a efectes de millorar l’experiència d’assaig dels cirurgians. El caràcter rígid dels materials majoritàriament usats en impressió 3D els fa poc útils per simular tumors i altres referències anatòmiques. De forma successiva, es tracten paràmetres com la densitat, la viscoelasticitat, la caracterització dels materials tous a la indústria, l’estudi del mòdul elàstic de teixits tous i vasos, la duresa d’aquests, i requeriments com l’esterilització dels models. El segon bloc comença explorant la impressió 3D mitjançant FFF. Es classifiquen les variants del procés des del punt de vista de la multimaterialitat, essencial per fer models d’assaig quirúrgic, diferenciant entre solucions multibroquet i de barreja al capçal. S’ha inclòs l’estudi de materials (filaments i líquids) que serien més útils per mimetitzar teixits tous. Es constata com en els líquids, en comparació amb els filaments, la complexitat del treball en processos de FA és més elevada, i es determinen formes d’imprimir materials molt tous. Per acabar, s’exposen sis casos reals de col·laboració amb l’HJSD, una selecció d’aquells en els que el doctorand ha intervingut en els darrers anys. L’origen es troba en la dificultat de l’abordatge d’operacions de resecció de tumors infantils com el neuroblastoma, i a la iniciativa del Dr. Lucas Krauel. Finalment, el Bloc 3 té per objecte explorar nombrosos conceptes (fins a 8), activitat completada al llarg dels darrers cinc anys amb el suport dels mitjans del CIM UPC i de l’activitat associada a treballs finals d’estudis d’estudiants de la UPC, arribant-se a materialitzar equipaments experimentals per validar-los. La recerca ampla i sistemàtica al respecte fa que s’estigui més a prop de disposar d’una solució d’impressió 3D multimaterial de sobretaula. Es determina que la millor via de progrés és la de disposar d’una pluralitat de capçals independents a fi de capacitar la impressora 3D per integrar diversos conceptes estudiats, materialitzant-se una possible solució. Cloent la tesi, es planteja com seria un equipament d’impressió 3D per a models d’assaig quirúrgic, a fi de servir de base per a futurs desenvolupaments.La presente tesis doctoral se ha centrado en el reto de conseguir, mediante Fabricación Aditiva (FA), modelos para ensayo quirúrgico, bajo la premisa que los equipos para obtenerlos tendrían que ser accesibles al ámbito hospitalario. El objetivo es facilitar la extensión del uso de modelos como herramienta de preparación de operaciones quirúrgicas, transformando la práctica médica actual de la misma manera que, en su momento, lo hicieron tecnologías como las que facilitaron el uso de radiografías. El motivo de utilizar FA, en lugar de tecnologías más tradicionales, es su capacidad de materializar de forma directa los datos digitales obtenidos de la anatomía del paciente mediante sistemas de escaneado tridimensional, haciendo posible la obtención de modelos personalizados. Los resultados se centran en la generación de nuevo conocimiento para conseguir equipamientos de impresión 3D multimateriales accesibles que permitan la obtención de modelos miméticos respecto a los tejidos vivos. Para facilitar la buscada extensión de la tecnología, se ha focalizado en las tecnologías de código abierto como la Fabricación por Hilo Fundido (FFF) y similares basadas en líquidos catalizables. Esta investigación se alinea dentro de la actividad de desarrollo de la FA en el CIM UPC, y en este ámbito concreto con la colaboración con el Hospital Sant Joan de Déu de Barcelona (HSJD). El primer bloque de la tesis incluye la descripción del estado del arte, detallando las tecnologías existentes y su aplicación al entorno médico. Se han establecido por primera vez unas bases de caracterización de los tejidos vivos – principalmente blandos – para dar apoyo a la selección de materiales que los puedan mimetizar en un proceso de FA, a efectos de mejorar la experiencia de ensayo de los cirujanos. El carácter rígido de los materiales mayoritariamente usados en impresión 3D los hace poco útiles para simular tumores y otras referencias anatómicas. De forma sucesiva, se tratan parámetros como la densidad, la viscoelasticidad, la caracterización de materiales blandos en la industria, el estudio del módulo elástico de tejidos blandos y vasos, la dureza de los mismos, y requerimientos como la esterilización de los modelos. El segundo bloque empieza explorando la impresión 3D mediante FFF. Se clasifican las variantes del proceso desde el punto de vista de la multimaterialidad, esencial para hacer modelos de ensayo quirúrgico, diferenciando entre soluciones multiboquilla y de mezcla en el cabezal. Se ha incluido el estudio de materiales (filamentos y líquidos) que serían más útiles para mimetizar tejidos blandos. Se constata como en los líquidos, en comparación con los filamentos, la complejidad del trabajo en procesos de FA es más elevada, y se determinan formas de imprimir materiales muy blandos. Para acabar, se exponen seis casos reales de colaboración con el HJSD, una selección de aquellos en los que el doctorando ha intervenido en los últimos años. El origen se encuentra en la dificultad del abordaje de operaciones de resección de tumores infantiles como el neuroblastoma, y en la iniciativa del Dr. Lucas Krauel. Finalmente, el Bloque 3 desarrolla numerosos conceptos (hasta 8), actividad completada a lo largo de los últimos cinco años con el apoyo de los medios del CIM UPC y de la actividad asociada a trabajos finales de estudios de estudiantes de la UPC, llegándose a materializar equipamientos experimentales para validarlos. La investigación amplia y sistemática al respecto hace que se esté más cerca de disponer de una solución de impresión 3D multimaterial de sobremesa. Se determina que la mejor vía de progreso es la de disponer de una pluralidad de cabezales independientes, a fin de capacitar la impresora 3D para integrar diversos conceptos estudiados, materializándose una posible solución. Para cerrar la tesis, se plantea cómo sería un equipamiento de impresión 3D para modelos de ensayo quirúrgico, a fin de servir de base para futuros desarrollos.
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Lai, Yan-Ting, and 賴彥廷. "Flash Memory Built-In Self-Test with Enhanced Test Mode Control." Thesis, 2004. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/77457563318520647134.
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碩士國立清華大學
電機工程學系
92
Flash memory is widely used in many applications nowadays. Theuse of commodity and embedded Flash memories are growing rapidly as the demand of 3C products increases, especially for the battery-powered devices and other low power devices. Flash memory can be programmed or erased electrically on-line, and retains its stored data for a long time, so it is very suitable for mass storage. The larger the Flash memories we produced, the higher the cost in test and diagnosis in order to guarantee their yield. Therefore, the testing of Flash memory is an important issue, especially for reducing the test cost and improving the yield for mass production. In this thesis, we propose a flexible BIST circuit design for Flash memory which can reduce the test time and the diagnostic data shift-out cycles. This is done by performing parallel programming/erasing and parallel shift-out mechanism with error index encoding. We also develop a low-cost prototyping diagnosis system by FPGA, and verify our BIST design with real commercial products. This FPGA-based system can be used to diagnose the Flash memory, eliminating the need for expensive ATE, thus reducing the test cost. Our experimental results show that the BIST scheme with small area overhead is suitable for Flash memory testing. The area overhead of our BIST circuit is about 0.5% for a commodity 264Mb AND type stand-alone Flash memory. The total test time is reduced to 64.4\% compared with the original test time. The parallel shift-out mechanism reduces the shift-out cycles (in diagnosis mode) to 20% compared with the original shift-out cycles. We also propose a device protection mechanism which prevents the internal high voltage generator from being damaged by the noise on reset pin that forces the BIST to reset.
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Lin, Jun-Wei, and 林俊瑋. "Test Suite Reduction Analysis with Enhanced Tie-Breaking Techniques." Thesis, 2008. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/22871020313301676167.
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碩士國立清華大學
資訊工程學系
96
During software development, test cases are continuously generated to exercise new functionality or to maintain test adequacy. Thus, the sizes of test suites may grow significantly over time. Due to time and resource constraints, it is necessary to remove the redundant test cases through test suite minimization techniques. A potential drawback of these techniques is that minimizing a test suite might reduce its ability to reveal faults. Prior work has shown that test suite minimization techniques can severely compromise the fault detection effectiveness of test suites. In the literatures, some works were dedicated to improving the fault detection effectiveness retention of reduced test suites. However, most of them affect some extent of suite size reduction. In this thesis, we present a novel approach for test suite reduction that uses additional testing criterion to break the ties in the minimization process. We integrated the proposed approach with two existing algorithms and conducted experiments for evaluation. The experiment results show that, compared to existing approaches, the proposed approach can improve the fault detection effectiveness of reduced suites with negligible increase in the size of the suites. Besides, under specific condition, the proposed approach can also accelerate the process of minimization.
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Chiu, Kuo-Yu, and 邱國煜. "Enhanced Multi-Dimensional Pattern Run-Length for Test Data Compression." Thesis, 2017. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/t9s665.
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碩士元智大學
資訊工程學系
105
The VLSI(Very Large Scale Integration) progress is very fast, indicating that chip density increased significantly. So the difficulty of testing the chip also increased. Difficulty contains a lot of test data, spend huge of the test time, ATE's high power consumption and bandwidth limitations. This causes the test cost. So data compression is a good way to save memory space and cost. This thesis will use the run-length-code method to reduce the amount of test data. And we will use the concept of multi-dimensional, to encode the original test data. The compression method is simple and easy, without too much complex hardware architecture. The final experimental results show that this technique can reduce the required testing time and improve the compression rate on larger ISCAS’89 benchmarks.
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Chang, Chan-Kuei, and 張展魁. "Enhanced-Scan Test Generation for Both Transition Delay and Stuck-Open Faults." Thesis, 2010. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/33387673618537501899.
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碩士中原大學
電子工程研究所
98
In this thesis, we propose a method of the test pattern generation for enhanced-scan circuits which is considered transition delay fault and stuck-open fault simultaneously. Firstly, we analyze the test pattern of transition delay fault and stuck-open fault in primitive gates and define the priority. In the process, we establish the activation pattern by stuck-at fault patterns for the circuit in combinational part. According to the activation pattern, the corresponsive initialization pattern can be generated. We also use the greedy compression and fault simulation to reduce the test pattern count. The method can define which transition delay fault or stuck-open fault is testable fault or untestable fault. Finally, Using all of the ISCAS89 benchmark circuits to generate test patterns, and the experiment results has excellent performance for fault coverage and test efficiency.
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Chen, Yu, and 陳玉. "Using surface-enhanced Raman scattering for differential diagnosis and antibiotics susceptibility test of mycobacteria." Thesis, 2008. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/62568479663059290637.
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碩士國立陽明大學
微生物及免疫學研究所
96
The genus mycobacterium is the major pathogen of several important human diseases, including tuberculosis (TB) and leprosy. Since 1991 the tuberculosis be recognized as a major global public health problem, enormous global efforts to control TB have been made. One of the TB control targets is solving the problems of time-consuming and accuracy-lacked in mostly used clinical diagnosis methods and antibiotics susceptibility tests. To achieve the goal, new diagnostic tool is eagerly needed. The SERS (surface-enhanced Raman scattering) technology have quite high resolution in molecular level. For the properties of SERS, it was supposed to be a potential tool in microbial differential diagnosis works. In this study we got the SERS spectra of several clinical mycobacterial species and differentiate them by the correlation plot. The spectrum pattern also has appearance change after drug adding. The results can give us an inspiration in SERS as a platform for mycobacterial differential diagnosis and antibiotics susceptibility tests.
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Hsueh, Chia-Ming, and 薛家明. "An Enhanced Built-In Self-Test Complier for Multiple Memory Cores in System-on-Chip." Thesis, 2001. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/20715425108954611631.
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碩士國立清華大學
電機工程學系
89
Memory testing is becoming the dominant factor in testing a System-on-Chip (SoC), with the rapidly growth of the size and density of embedded memories. To minimize the test effort, we present an automatic generation framework of memory built-in self-test (BIST) cores for SoC design. The BIST generation framework is a much improved one of our previous works. Test integration of heterogeneous memory architectures and clusters of memories are focused. An automatic test grouping and scheduling algorithm optimize the overhead of memory testing in test time, performance, power consumption, etc. The minimized BIST circuitry can deal with multiple memory cores including various types of multiple-port and single-port SRAMs. With configurable and extensible architecture, the proposed framework facilitates the overall test integration for core providers as well as system integrators among various design and test matrices.
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Mehl, Bettina [Verfasser]. "Enhanced memory for faces of cheaters? : a critical test of the social contract theory / vorgelegt von Bettina Mehl." 2005. http://d-nb.info/977153088/34.
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Chang, Kai-Wei, and 張凱崴. "Rapid Bacteria Detection and Antibiotic Susceptibility Test Using A Microfluidic Device Integrating Membrane Filtration and Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering." Thesis, 2019. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/3pds76.
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碩士國立臺灣大學
生醫電子與資訊學研究所
107
Bacteria identification and characterization are significant issues in various research fields including microbial monitoring of water or food and clinical diagnosis of bacterial infection. A sensitive and reliable bacteria detection method is needed, especially for serious bacterial infection such as sepsis. Without timely and proper treatments, patients will suffer a high fatality rate. However, the conventional clinical bacteria detection process takes 1-3 days waiting for bacteria incubation in blood culture bottles in an automated culture system. Another 1-2 days are required for antibiotic susceptibility test (AST). Therefore, many researchers aim to develop rapid bacteria detection and AST techniques. Surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS), as a highly sensitive and label-free biomolecule detection method, can identify various bacteria species and understand antibiotic susceptibility by analyzing bacteria secreted metabolites. Although the time taken for AST can be reduced to several hours using SERS technique, the most time-consuming blood culturing process is still necessary since the bacteria concentration in patients’ blood is too low. To solve this problem, a bacteria enrichment technique, membrane filtration, is introduced in order to shorten the blood culturing time. In this thesis, a microfluidic system integrating membrane filtration and the SERS-active substrate was developed for performing on-chip bacterial enrichment and in-situ SERS measurements for bacteria detection and AST. With this integrated system, manual operating procedures are minimized and uniform SERS detection is ensured in the closed microfluidic chamber. Meanwhile, a meaningful SERS signal could be detected from a low concentration of bacteria (~103/mL). A rapid, label-free and real-time bacteria detection and AST technique can hence be achieved without intensive human labor and manual errors.
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Chiang, Shu-Ying, and 江書瑩. "The Design and Implementation of a Multimedia Test Question Template System Based on an Enhanced Visual Scenario Authoring Tool." Thesis, 2005. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/80122249534878866559.
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碩士國立交通大學
資訊工程系所
93
The interactive multimedia presentation has played an important role in today’s digital content area and it will become a mainstream for digital content presentation approach. In general, to create an interactive multimedia presentation content, creators have to have good programming skill and usually have to spend a great deal of effort in order to accomplish the task. Recently, the concept of “interactive multimedia presentation templates” has been proposed to ease the task of multimedia presentation creation. In this thesis research, we focus on the study of “Interactive Multimedia Test Question Template” for the multimedia test question creation, which can be used to evaluate learners’ understandings on a target subject after studying it. Specifically, hundreds of customized Multimedia Test Question Template is catalogued and created using an Enhanced Visual Scenario Authoring Tool. Also, a template replacing system that can be used to create the target Multimedia Test Question is designed and implemented. Several visual scenario authoring mechanisms are proposed and enhanced on an existing authoring tool (編輯手) to make various templates creation possible. A prototype system has constructed and used to create multimedia test questions to demonstrate its applicability and feasibility of the proposed approach.
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Chen, Po-Yuan, and 陳柏源. "An Enhanced ECC Methodology for Low Power Pseudo-SRAM and On-Chip Pre-bond TSV Test Schemes for 3D ICs." Thesis, 2012. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/03827808996983888040.
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博士國立清華大學
電機工程學系
100
Error control codes or error correction codes (ECC) have been widely used to maintain the reliability of memories, but ordinary ECC codes are not suitable for memories with long codewords. For portable products, power reduction in memories with DRAM-like cells can be done by reducing the refresh frequency, but the loss of data integrity should be taken care of seriously. To solve these issues, in this thesis, we present a parallel encoding and decoding ECC scheme to reduce refresh power for an industrial pseudo SRAM (PSRAM) with long codewords. We also propose a systematic way to generate the parity check matrix and the parity correction mechanism to reduce the operating power for the proposed scheme. As for the 70ns access time of the 256MB PSRAM with the (72,64) code and 16-bit I/O, experimental results show that the new ECC scheme can be integrated with the READ/WRITE operations with about 0.2% circuit area overhead and less than 3.5ns encoding/decoding time. The parity overhead of the new ECC scheme is 12.5% instead of 37.5% as in the conventional scheme with the (22, 16) code The proposed architecture provides a flexible solution for memories with different widths of ECC codewords and I/O ports, without the error masking effect or reduction in reliability. To provide a small form factor, reduce power consumption, increase performance and memory density, three dimensional integration circuits (3D IC) seem an inevitable solution for these requirements. For the challenges of 3D IC, yield improvement is the most critical and emergency issue. Most works in 3D IC testing focus on the post-bond interconnection test. However, pre-bond test is preferred for the 3D IC, since it reduces stacking yield loss and thus saves the following cost. In this thesis, we introduce three pre-bond TSV low-frequency test schemes for blind-hole TSVs and open-sleeve TSVs by performing on-chip screening before wafer thinning and bonding. The first two schemes are for blind-hole TSVs, which have one end floating, using the charge-discharge and charge-sharing techniques, respectively, while the later is commonly seen in DRAM. The third scheme is for open-sleeve TSVs, which have one end shorted to the substrate, using a voltage-dividing technique commonly seen in ROM. By virtue of the inherent capacitive and resistive characteristics, we detect the TSVs out of a specified range as anomalies, taking into account the effects of process variations in the detection circuitry. The statistical design by Monte Carlo simulation using TSMC 65nm low-power process shows that for blind-hole TSVs, the best overkill ratio can be below 6%, but for open-sleeve TSVs, the inherent limitations restrict the applicability and the results vary. Our implementation enjoys little area overhead, requiring only a simple sense amplifier and a write buffer that are shared among a number of TSVs. Reducing the number of TSVs that share a test module will reduce the test time, but increase the area overhead. For blind-hole TSVs, the parallelism also affects the overkill and escape rates.
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Chen, Hong-Jie, and 陳弘傑. "Electolysis-Enhanced Dispersed Nano Pd/Fe Bimetallic Particles Reduction Coupled with Persulfate Oxidation of Trichloroethylene from Groundwater - A Sandbox Test." Thesis, 2015. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/6r7rsc.
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碩士國立屏東科技大學
環境工程與科學系所
103
In this study, electrolysis-enhanced dispersed permeable reactive barrier (PRB) packed with nano-scale palladium/iron (Pd/Fe) bimetallic particles coupling with persulfate were used to degrade trichlorethylene (TCE) in water The experiments were performed within a sand box. The experimental procedures were divided into five parts as follows: (1) characterization of nano-sacle Fe, nano-scale Pd/Fe, and dispersed nano-scale Pd/Fe, (2) test water quality analysis and adsorption test of TCE on quartz sand, (3) transport tests in porous media, (4) TCE degradation experiments with electrolysis- enhanced PRB packed with nano-sacle dispersed Pd/Fe, (5) TCE degradation experiments with electrolysis-enhanced PRB packed with nano-sacle dispersed Pd/Fe coupling with persulfate. The average specific surface area of dispersed nano-sized Pd/Fe (1:1000) particles was 167 m2/g. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis showed that the nano-sacle Pd/Fe particles had peaks at 2θ = 44.980 and 650 identified for Fe and 2θ = 27.450 and 31.880 for Pd, respectively. The ethane formed by TCE reduced by Fe was identified on dispered nano-scale Pd/Fe particles with a Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrometry (FTIR). TCE reduction using dispersed nano-sized Pd/Fe particles showed an increase in pH values and a decline in oxidation-reduction (redox) potential. The formation amount of chloride ions is proportional to the reduction amount of TCE in the reduction process. The persulfate oxidation test showed that the ferrous ions produced by the TCE reduction process with dispersed nano-scale Pd/Fe particles could activate persulfate to form sulfate radical (SO4-･) to further oxidize TCE. For the tests of electrolysis-enhanced PRB, the potential gradient set at 2 V/cm was better for TCE degradation than 1 V/cm. As the potential gradient was set at 2 V/cm, some phenomena were observed such as precipitates within the PRB and TCE evaporation by enormous amount of bubbles owing to the heat production. Therefore, the potential gradient 1 V/cm is the optimal parameter for following electrolysis tests. The results showed that TCE degradation by the treatment train of electrolysis-enhanced dispersed permeable reactive barrier (PRB) packed with nano-scale palladium/iron (Pd/Fe) bimetallic particles coupling with persulfate is feasible for remediation of groundwater contaminated by chlorinated solvents. Keywords: dispersion, persulfate, trichlorethylene, electrolysis,
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Andresen, Jil Cathérine. "Effektivität von Key-Feature-Prüfungen beim Erwerb der Kompetenz Clinical Reasoning in der medizinischen Ausbildung." Doctoral thesis, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/21.11130/00-1735-0000-0005-1452-8.
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Chow, Jean, and 周雋. "THE EFFECTS OF TEST-ENHANCED LEARNING AND FEEDBACK TO IMPROVE ORAL PRODUCTION OF THIRD PERSON SINGULAR SUFFIX -S FOR YOUNG EFL LEARNERS." Thesis, 2012. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/15514178646802871627.
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碩士國立高雄師範大學
英語學系
100
For centuries, government officials in China were selected through the imperial civil service examination, which covered primarily the teachings of the Chinese scholar Confucius, established during the Han Dynasty. For centuries, the scholarly influence of Confucianism persisted due to this testing effect. This research was held in an attempt to find an efficient way to improve the oral competency of young EFL learners. The research design was contributed to the knowledge base of the positive effects of testing in language learning. The results achieved could be immediately applicable to the design of effective speaking tests. This quantitative study described and analyzed the influence of speaking tests on 60 young EFL learners’ acquisition of the third-person singular suffix –s, via a Test-Enhanced Learning Program. The theoretical framework is the attention-focusing effect of testing. The study involved 60 undergraduates divided into three groups, three spaced speaking tests, and three sessions of feedbacks in oral, written and audio forms, as well as a questionnaire at the end of the study. The effects of testing, the effects of feedback and the relationship between the test-takers’ improvement and their initial speaking proficiency were explored in detail. Statistical analyses revealed significant difference in the overall improvement of the feedback group as compared to the control group. However, there was no significant difference between the improvement of the test-without-feedback and feedback groups. Positive effects of testing combined with feedback were confirmed. In addition, the study indicated that the participants’ improvement in the speaking tests was not related to their initial English-speaking ability. Moreover, the results of the questionnaire provided information on three important points of interest. First, the majority of participants admitted to feeling less nervous while facing future speaking tests after taking the speaking tests in this study. Second, the majority of participants responded that they were paying more attention to the third person singular suffix -s while speaking English after the program. Third, out of the three formats of feedbacks offered, the majority of the feedback group participants believed that the audio feedback is significantly more beneficial to their learning, as compared to the oral form, whereas there was no significant difference in their opinions towards the oral and written forms. All the tests used in this study were created by the researcher and had several design flaws due to inexperience and insufficient pilot testing, resulting in some shortcomings within the instrument and operational flaws. Furthermore, many practical factors had limited the study in three aspects. First, the size of subjects was rather small for the researcher to generalize the findings to a larger population. Second, the duration of the treatment was too short, thus limiting the observation of long-term influence of testing on learning. Third, the feedbacks were too close to the coming tests, limiting the participants the time to internalize them. Despite the limitations, this study served to provide young EFL learners with empirical messages of the benefits of speaking tests to their English speaking skills. It offered teachers of young EFL learners with methods of building up their students’ proper oral production of grammatical morphology, via testing and feedback. It also helped education administrators and curriculum planners to gain insights with empirical messages of the benefits of speaking tests to the improvement of English speaking skills. In addition, the significant effects of feedbacks after testing were observed and appreciated, proving the ability of feedbacks to make a positive difference in the course of testing.
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You, Pei-yun, and 游佩芸. "(1) Colorimetric and Fluorescent Bimodal Readout Immunochromatography Test Strip with Plasmon Enhanced Fluorescence of Polymer Dots for Detection of PSA (2) Bimodal Signal Readout Immunochromatogrphy Test Strip with Multicolor Pdots for Multiplexed Mycotoxin Deretmination." Thesis, 2018. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/9zqvnd.
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碩士國立中山大學
化學系研究所
106
Immunochromatographic test strip (ICTS) has been valued as an important subject because of it features like cost-effective, fast-responsive, easy-to-use. By using different methods to detect different kind signal reporting reagents, like colorimetric method and fluorescent method, signal reporting reagents play an important role in ICTS. Take ICTS is based on the colorimetric method in which colloidal gold nanoparticles for example, the qualitative detection results can be directly observed by naked eyes, but its sensitivity ability weaker. Compare with ICTS is based on the fluorescent method, the signal will have a high detection sensitivity, but need extra light source to read out. In our study, we will combine the advantages of colorimetric ICTS and fluorometric ICTS to create a bimodal readout ICTS. We use semiconducting polymer dots (Pdots) and gold nanomaterial as signal reporting reagents, because gold nanomaterial can plasmon enhanced fluorescence of polymer dots. We hope this kind of bimodal readout ICTS can be used in cancer detection and food safety detection. (1) Colorimetric and Fluorescent Bimodal Readout Immunochromatography Test Strip with Plasmon Enhanced Fluorescence of Polymer Dots for Detection of PSA Cancer leading cause of death in Taiwan for decades, which causes cancer detection become a very important subject. Currently detection of cancer take too much time and cost too much money, required professional staff and specific location as well. Under this precondition, scientists began to develop ICTS as a tumor markers detector. ICTS is a rapid method to detect tumor markers, which can reduce time and money during the detection, make cancer detection more convenient and popular. In this study, different gold nanomaterial were coated on three different types and three different distinct emission Pdots, then functionalized the product with different antibodies. This bimodal readout ICTS was based on a sandwich assay, we fabricated a control line (modified by IgG antibody) and a test line (modified by capture antibody) on a single test strip, while the PSA monoclonal antibody was conjugated to reporting reagents as the detection antibody. After applying sample to the bimodal readout ICTS, based on the colorimetric method could determine the result is positive or negative, and the concentration of PSA could be measured by the fluorescence ratio of test line to control line. Keyword: Semiconducting polymer dots, Gold nanorod, Immunochromatogrphy test strip, Plasmon enhanced fluorescence, Tumor marker, PSA (2) Bimodal Signal Readout Immunochromatogrphy Test Strip with Multicolor Pdots for Multiplexed Mycotoxin Deretmination Since many food safety issues happened recently, the public seen to lose their faith of our food safety and get panic of their daily eating. Therefore, we hope our bimodal signal readout ICTS can be used in solving this food safety problem. Mycotoxins are a significant hidden worry in food safety concern, we choose three different mycotoxins, Aflatoxin (AF) , Zearalenone (ZEA) and Deoxynivalenol (DON) , which were used as models to demonstrate the performance of the bimodal signal readout ICTS. In this study, we used three different types of Pdots of three distinct emission were coated on different gold nanomaterial and functionalized with different antibodies. When absorption of gold nanomaterial overlaps with emission of Pdot, gold nanomaterial will plasmon enhanced the fluorescence of Pdots. This design allows the simultaneous detection of multiple mycotoxins. Keyword: Semiconducting polymer dots, Gold nanomaterial, Immunochromatogrphy test strip, Plasmon enhanced fluorescence, Mycotoxins
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(9511022), Jaeyub Chung. "Interfacial Tension and Phase Behavior of Oil/Aqueous Systems with Applications to Enhanced Oil Recovery." Thesis, 2020.
Find full textAbstract:
Chemical enhanced oil recovery (cEOR) aims to increase the oil recovery of mature oil fields, using aqueous solutions of surfactants and polymers, to mobilize trapped oil and maintain production. The interfacial tensions (IFTs) between the injected aqueous solution, the oil droplets in reservoirs, and other possible phases formed (e.g., a “middle phase” microemulsion) are important for designing and assessing a chemical formulation. Ultralow IFTs, less than 10-2 mN·m-1, are needed to increase the capillary number and help mobilize trapped oil droplets. Despite this fact, phase behavior tests have received more attention than IFTs for designing and evaluating surfactant formulations that result in high oil recovery efficiencies, because incorporating reliable IFTs into such evaluation process is avoided due to difficulties in obtaining reliable values. Hence, the main thrusts of this dissertation are to: (a) develop robust IFT measurement protocols for obtaining reliable IFTs regardless of the complexity of water and oil phase constituents and (b) improve the existing surfactant polymer formulation evaluation and screening processes by successfully incorporating the IFT as one of the critical parameters.First, two robust tensiometry protocols using the known emerging bubble method (EBM) and the spinning bubble method (SBM) were demonstrated, for determining accurately equilibrium surface tensions (ESTs) and equilibrium IFTs (EIFTs). The protocols are used for measuring the dynamic surface tensions (DSTs), determining the steady state values, and establishing the stability of the steady state values by applying small surface area perturbations by monitoring the ST or IFT relaxation behavior. The perturbations were applied by abruptly expanding or compressing surface areas by changing the bubble sizes with an automated dispenser for the EBM, and by altering the rotation frequency of the spinning tube for the SBM. Such robust tension measurement protocols were applied for Triton X-100 aqueous solutions at a fixed concentration above its critical micelle concentration (CMC). The EST value of the model solution was 31.5 ± 0.1 mN·m-1 with the EBM and 30.8 ± 0.2 mN·m-1 with the SBM. These protocols provide robust criteria for establishing the EST values.
Second, the EIFTs of a commercial single chain anionic surfactant solution in a synthetic brine against a crude oil from an active reservoir were determined with the new protocol described earlier. The commercial surfactant used here has an oligopropoxy group between a hydrophobic chain and a sulfate head group. The synthetic brine has 9,700 ppm of total dissolved salts, which are a mixture of sodium chloride (NaCl), potassium chloride (KCl), manganese (II) chloride tetrahydrate (MnCl2·4H2O), magnesium (II) chloride hexahydrate (MgCl2·6H2O), barium chloride dihydrate (BaCl2·2H2O), sodium sulfate decahydrate (Na2SO4·10H2O), sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3), and calcium chloride dihydrate (CaCl2·2H2O). The DSTs curves of the surfactant concentrations from 0.1 ppm to 10,000 ppm by weight had a simple adsorption/desorption equilibrium at air/water surface with surfactant diffusion from bulk aqueous phase. Such a mechanism was also observed from the tension relaxation behavior after area perturbations for the oil/water interfaces while DIFT measurements. The CMC of the commercial surfactant was determined to be 12 ppm in water and 1 ppm in the synthetic brine used. From the initial tension reduction curves from DST and DIFT measurements, the equilibrium timescales were shorter with brine than with water, because the adsorbed surfactant on the oil/water interfaces were partitioned into oil phases. For both DST and DIFT results suggest that the adsorbed surfactant layer at interfaces were typical adsorbed soluble monolayers.
Third, the phase and rheological behavior of a commercial anionic surfactant in water and in brine are important for large scale applications. A phase map of the surfactant at 25 °C at full range of surfactant concentration was obtained. The supramolecular structures of the various phases were characterized by dynamic light scattering (DLS), cryogenic transmission electron microscopy (cryo-TEM), conductimetry, densitometry, and x-ray scattering. The identified phases evolved as the surfactant concentration was increased; they were a micellar solution phase, a hexagonal liquid crystalline phase, and a lamellar liquid crystalline phase. In addition, the characterization results provided detailed information about supramolecular structure parameters such as micellar sizes and their aggregation numbers, and liquid crystal spacings. The phase and rheological behavior trends identified here were of great importance because the trend was similar to that of single chain monoisomeric surfactant. Thus, this study provides a potential universality of phase behavior trends of surfactant-water systems despite of the multicomponent nature of surfactants.
Fourth, the EIFTs of the pre-equilibrated mixtures of surfactant, brine, and oil were determined and compared to the EIFTs prior to pre-equilibration, in order to systematically identify the most relevant IFT for oil recovery. The EIFT between surfactant solutions and oil without any pre-equilibration prior to tension measurements is defined as the un-pre-equilibrated EIFT (EIFTup). The EIFT between oil and water phases after the pre-equilibration of surfactant, brine, and oil is defined as pre-equilibrated EIFT (EIFTp). The EIFTp’s were generally higher than EIFTup’s. In addition, the effects of three mixing methods and the water-to-oil volume ratio (WOR) on the EIFTp were evaluated. Out of three mixing methods, (A) mild mixing, (B) magnetic stirring, and (C) shaking vigorously by hand, method C produced mixtures which are the closest to the equilibrium state. The mixtures produced by method C had the largest decrease of the surfactant concentration during pre-equilibration due to the surfactant partitioning into oil phases. Moreover, the WOR affects the EIFTp significantly due to the preferential partitioning of surfactant components into oil phases. More specifically, the WOR and the EIFTp were found to be inversely correlated, because the amount of partitioned surfactant increased as the oil volume fraction increased. The EIFTp’s were different from the EIFTup’s at the same total surfactant concentrations in the aqueous layer evidently because of preferential partitioning of the various surfactant components.
Finally, the effect of surfactant losses due to adsorption into the rock surface on the pre-equilibrated EIFT (EIFTp) were evaluated to improve surfactant formulation protocols. Here, five types of EIFTs were identified, along with robust protocols for determining them. These are: (I) the un-pre-equilibrated equilibrium IFT (EIFTup); (II) the un-pre-equilibrated EIFTs in the presence of rock (EIFTup,rock); (III) the pre-equilibrated EIFTs (EIFTp) in the presence of oil; (IV) the pre-equilibrated EIFT in the presence of rock and oil (EIFTp,rock); and (V) the effluent EIFT (EIFTeff). The EIFTup is the EIFT of the aqueous surfactant/brine solution against an oil drop without any pre-equilibration. The EIFTup,rock is the EIFT between an oil drop and the surfactant solution after pre-equilibration with a rock sample to account for adsorption losses. The EIFTp is the EIFT between the pre-equilibrated water and the oil phases from surfactant/brine/oil mixtures. The EIFTp,rock is the EIFT between the pre-equilibrated water and the oil phases from surfactant/brine/oil/rock mixtures. The EIFTeff is the EIFT from an effluent sample mixture of a laboratory-scale core flood test. Among the five types of EIFTs, the EIFTp,rock was found to be the most important for the highest oil recovery performance in core flood tests, because it captures the most important surfactant partition processes, the partitioning to the oil phase and the partitioning by adsorption on the rock surface. Among three surfactant formulations tested with core flood experiments, the one with the lowest EIFTp,rock (~0.01 mN·m-1) had the highest oil recovery ratio (78%), and the one with the highest EIFTp,rock (~0.2 mN·m-1) had the lowest oil recovery ratio (55%). The other EIFTs correlated less with the oil recovery performance. Identifying surfactant formulations that have low or ultralow EIFTs, especially ultralow EIFTp,rock’s, are critical for screening formulations appropriate for core flood tests and target field applications, and for predicting oil recovery performance. These works are a significant contribution for improving (a) the surfactant formulation evaluation protocols, and (b) the utilization of reliable IFTs and phase behavior test protocols for oil recovery and many other surfactant and colloid sciences applications.
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Mitchell, Eric John. "F/A-18A-D Flight Control computer OFP versions 10.6.1 and 10.7 developmental flight testing out-of-controlled flight test program yields reduced Falling Leaf departure susceptibility and enhanced aircraft maneuverability /." 2004. http://etd.utk.edu/2004/MitchellEric.pdf.
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Thesis (M.S.)--University of Tennessee, Knoxville, 2004.Title from title page screen (viewed May 13, 2004). Thesis advisor: Robert Richards. Document formatted into pages (xvi, 98 p. : ill. (some col.)). Vita. Includes bibliographical references (p. 51-53).
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Hsieh, Wei-Hung, and 謝偉宏. "On the Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy(REBT) to the Students'' Mathematic Test Anxiety Reduction and Learning Achievement Enhanced─A Case Study at Song Shan High School of Commerce and Home Economics." Thesis, 2012. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/55227239795721703968.
Full textAbstract:
碩士淡江大學
中等學校教師在職進修數學教學碩士學位班
100
Anxiety about Math, namely Math Anxiety, may hinder people from learning Math and even other subjects since Math Anxiety might cause a series of anxiety reaction and thereby result in both learning performance and advanced-learning motivation. The purpose of the study is to help students to mitigate Math Anxiety with appropriate approaches, and thereby improve their learning performance. Sharing the same attributes of Situational Anxiety with Test Anxiety, Math Anxiety, usually regarded as the biggest obstacle in Math learning, points out a kind of emotional anxiety arising from handling number or from utilizing Math concepts. As for Test Anxiety, it’s the primary component of Math Anxiety. Test Anxiety, a kind of psychological disturbance, might hamper students’ Math reasoning with negative emotional reaction. In general, the effects of Test Anxiety on students’ learning are more critical than those of student’ talents, of teachers’ education methodology, and of schools’ course arrangement. We suppose that Test Anxiety can be explored by three dimensions, namely Emotion, Perception, and Physiology, and be mitigated by appropriate education methods and assistance strategies. Regarding the advantage of Ellis’ Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy in directly and quickly revise students’ internal belief and value, we adopt it as the main experimental approach, given the criteria of study practical-value, time-efficiency, and objective-requirement The study body is students of A Case Study at Song Shan High School of Commerce and Home Economics. With well-designed anxiety scale towards Math exam meeting sound validity and reliability, we measure the anxiety difference between those students accepting professional assistance, namely the experiment group, and those under otherwise circumstance, namely the control group. We learn that, in common anxiety factors, students’ most feeling statuses include panic, annoyance, nervousness, crash sense. In excess anxiety factors, those feelings include pessimistic attitude, dizziness, physiological discomfort, and hindered eyesight. Prior to the professional assistance, the experiment group’s anxiety extent in both common anxiety and excess anxiety is higher than the control group. After 40 days of Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy, the experiment group’s anxiety degree of pretest is lower than that of post-test; moreover, it’s even lower than that of control group. Also, the standard deviation of anxiety score is lowered. On the contrary, the control’s group’s anxiety degree of excess anxiety dimension becomes severer, and the standard deviation is raised. The study suggests that with teachers’ timely professional assistance it’s helpful to understand student’s learning, and thereby to lower The group of high Mathematic test anxiety students’ anxiety extent and to raise The group of low learning achievement students’ learning performance, while the assistance might not lead to obvious improvement of high academic achievement students’ anxiety degree.