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1
Dia, Moustapha. "Enchère k-double tronquée : test sur la collusion." Thesis, Université Laval, 2011. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2011/28490/28490.pdf.
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L’adoption d’un système centralisé d’acquisition de quota dans le secteur de la production d’œufs de consommation au Québec a amélioré la disponibilité d’informations à tous les producteurs et augmenté l’efficacité du marché. Cependant, l’utilisation de l’enchère k-double à demande tronquée (T-kDA) soulève certaines questions au regard des possibilités de comportements collusif et stratégique, notamment à cause du nombre limité de participants aux séances de l’enchère. Dans ce travail, nous utilisons l’approche de l’économie expérimentale pour tester l’enchère k-double à demande tronquée dans des conditions optimales de collusion, avec divers types de communication et une variation du nombre de vendeurs. Nos résultats indiquent que la collusion fonctionne quand tous les vendeurs et tous les participants à l’enchère communiquent, de même qu’en présence de trois vendeurs. Nos résultats indiquent également que lorsqu’un vendeur est seul (en situation de monopole), il mise une valeur plus basse que celle en présence de trois vendeurs avec communication, contrairement à ce que la théorie économique suggère. Ceci s’explique du fait qu’en situation de monopole, le vendeur ne sait pas s’il est l’unique vendeur ou non. En contrepartie, avec trois vendeurs qui communiquent, la coordination entre eux permet l’atteinte de prix de transaction plus élevés. Les résultats confirment également que l’enchère k-double à demande tronquée diminue de manière significative le prix de marché, et ce, en présence ou non des conditions de collusion. En d’autres termes, la règle de tronquage n’a pas d’impact significatif sur la collusion comparée à l’enchère k-double.The adoption of a centralized system of quota acquisition in the Québec egg production sector improved the availability of market information and raised the market efficiency. However the use of the T-kDA raises some questions regarding the possibilities of collusive and strategic behaviors, because of the limited number of participants to the auction’s sessions. In this study, we use the experimental economics approach to test the T-kDA in optimal collusion conditions. Our results suggest that collusion works when all the sellers and all the auction’s participants do communicate, but also when we have three sellers. Our results also show that with only one seller (monopolistic situation); his bid is smaller than the ones with three sellers communicating in contrast to the teaching of the economic theory. That is explained by the fact that in monopolistic situation, the seller does not know if he is the only seller. With three sellers in communication, the coordination between them produces a higher clearing price. The results also confirm that the T-kDA lower significantly the market price with or without collusive conditions. In other words, the truncated rule does not have a significant effect regarding the collusion when compare to the kDA.
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Zhao, Yanchun. "Comparison of Proposed K Sample Tests with Dietz's Test for Nondecreasing Ordered Alternatives for Bivariate Normal Data." Thesis, North Dakota State University, 2011. https://hdl.handle.net/10365/28836.
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There are many situations in which researchers want to consider a set of response variables simultaneously rather than just one response variable. For instance, a possible example is when a researcher wishes to determine the effects of an exercise and diet program on both the cholesterol levels and the weights of obese subjects. Dietz (1989) proposed two multivariate generalizations of the Jonckheere test for ordered alternatives. In this study, we propose k-sample tests for nondecreasing ordered alternatives for bivariate normal data and compare their powers with Dietz's sum statistic. The proposed k-sample tests are based on transformations of bivariate data to univariate data. The transformations considered are the sum, maximum and minimum functions. The ideas for these transformations come from the Leconte, Moreau, and Lellouch (1994). After the underlying bivariate normal data are reduced to univariate data, the Jonckheere-Terpstra (JT) test (Terpstra, 1952 and Jonckheere, 1954) and the Modified Jonckheere-Terpstra (MJT) test (Tryon and Hettmansperger, 1973) are applied to the univariate data. A simulation study is conducted to compare the proposed tests with Dietz's test for k bivariate normal populations (k=3, 4, 5). A variety of sample sizes and various location shifts are considered in this study. Two different correlations are used for the bivariate normal distributions. The simulation results show that generally the Dietz test performs the best for the situations considered with the underlying bivariate normal distribution. The estimated powers of MJT sum and JT sum are often close with the MJT sum generally having a little higher power. The sum transformation was the best of the three transformations to use for bivariate normal data.
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Chavez, Enrico. "Test de l'homogénéité des dispersions de K échantillons : approche conditionnelle et bioptimale /." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 1997. http://library.epfl.ch/theses/?nr=1625.
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Xie, Wen. "A Monte Carlo Simulation Study for Poly-k Test in Animal Carcinogenicity Studies." Thesis, California State University, Long Beach, 2018. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10638898.
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An objective of animal carcinogenicity studies is to identify a tumorigenic potential in animals and to assess relevant risks in humans. Without using the cause-of-death information, the Cochran-Armitage test is applied for detecting a linear trend in the incidence of a tumor of interest across dose groups. The survival-adjusted Cochran–Armitage test, known as the Poly-k test, is investigated for the animals not at equal risk of tumor development by reflecting the shapes of the tumor onset distributions. In this thesis, we will validate Poly-k test through a Monte Carlo simulation study. We will design the simulation study to assess the size and power of the poly-k test using a wide range of k values for various tumor onset rates, for various competing risks rates, and for various tumor lethality rates. In this thesis, the Poly-k testing approach will be investigated to evaluate a dose-related linear trend of a test subject on the incidence of tumor and will be implemented in R package to be used widely amongst toxicologists.
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Homolová, Kateřina. "Výchova k podnikavosti žáků SOŠ." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2015. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-205957.
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This diploma thesis is focused on an enterprise education. There are theoretical outcomes of the particular issue included in the first part of the thesis. This part deals with a basic terminology definition as well as with an explanation of the meaning of an enterprise education and subjects that deal with its development. The first part of the thesis also deals with current enterprise education projects that are being in progress not only in the Czech Republic but also all over the European Union and international organizations. The goal of the empirical part is to analyze a particular educational program and to evaluate up to which level an enterprise issue in general is included. Another aim is to get to know the students attitude towards the enterprise and to check their knowledge about the business skill. For this purpose a didactic test had been created according to an educational program. This test has proven that the business knowledge level is not satisfying. Therefore, the aim of this part is also to design a recommendation of possible modification to improve the educational process that would lead students to a bigger interest in the issue of business, to be more independent, active and creative.
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Havlíková, Ivana. "Vyhodnocení lomových testů těles z vybraných stavebních materiálů pomocí modelu Dvojí-K." Doctoral thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2016. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-355611.
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The purpose of dissertation is the analysis of the calculation of fracture parameters using Double-K fracture model for quasi-brittle specimens with the stress concentrator loaded by three-point bending or wedge splitting. To calculation of these parameters was used the developed DKFM_BUT software in Microsoft Excel application with using of Visual Basic programming language. Furthermore, the adequate shape functions and compliance functions were introduced for the selected wedge splitting test configurations. Main part of this dissertation is the series of comprehensively implemented and evaluated fracture experiments on specimens from advanced building materials, while the attention was paid to the analysis of experimental data. Finally, the selected results obtained using mentioned software support were presented and discussed.
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Doerge, Thomas, and Mike Ottman. "Soil Test Calibration for P, K. Mg, and Zn in the Production of Durum Wheat." College of Agriculture, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/200486.
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Additional data to calibrate and refine current guidelines for interpreting soil test values is an ongoing need in Arizona. This includes information for soils testing above and below the level that may currently be considered adequate for optimum plant growth. An experiment was conducted at the Maricopa Agricultural Center during the 1985-86 crop year to evaluate the response of durum wheat to the application of phosphorus (P), potassium (K), magnesium (Mg), or zinc (Zn) on a soil testing adequate or higher for all of these nutrients. Grain yields from plots receiving every combination of three of the four nutrients were compared to yields obtained when all four nutrients were applied. No significant change in grain yield was measured as a result of witholding any one of the nutrients. Current guidelines used to interpret soil test results for wheat production correctly predicted the nutrient status of this soil with respect to P, K, Mg, and Zn.
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Roy, Tonmoy. "Reachability Analysis of RTL Circuits Using k-Induction Bounded Model Checking and Test Vector Compaction." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/78801.
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In the first half of this thesis, a novel approach for k-induction bounded model checking using
signal domain constraints and property partitioning for proving unreachability of
branches in Verilog RTL code is presented. To do this, it approach
uses program slicing with
respect to the variables of the property under test to generate small-sized
SMT formulas that describe the change of variable values between
consecutive cycles. Variable substitution is then used on these
variables to generate the formula for the subsequent cycles without
traversing the abstract syntax tree of the entire design.
To reduce the approximation on the induction step, an addition of
signal domain constraints is proposed. Moreover, we present the technique for splitting up the
property in question to get a better model of the system.
The later half of the thesis is concerned with presenting a technique
for doing sequential vector compaction on test set generated during
simulation based ATPG. Starting with a compaction framework for storing
metadata and about the test vectors during generation, this work
presented to methods for findind the solution of this compaction problem.
The first of these two methods generate the optimum solution by converting
the problem appropriate for an optimization solver. The latter method
utilizes a heuristics based approach for solving the same problem which
generates a comparable but sub-optimal solution while having
magnitudes better time and computational efficiency.Master of Science
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Carlson-Jaquez, Heather A. "DEVELOPMENT OF AN INSTRUMENT TO MEASURE K-12 TEACHER DEMORALIZATION IN A TEST-BASED ACCOUNTABILITY CONTEXT." VCU Scholars Compass, 2016. http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/4541.
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The purpose of this study was to develop an instrument to measure K-12 teacher demoralization. An increasing body of literature has labeled modern education policies as having a demoralizing effect on teachers (Darling-Hammond & Rustique-Forrester, 2002; Noddings, 2004; Ryan & Brown, 2005; Nichols & Berliner, 2007; Santoro, 2011; Hargreaves, Braun, & Gebhardt, 2013). Teacher demoralization has been defined as a teacher’s “inability to access the moral rewards of teaching” (Santoro, 2011, p. 3). Data was collected from a population of K-12 educators through cognitive interviews (n=6) and a large scale data collection analyzed with a principal component analysis (n=430) in an effort to determine which constructs should be included in the measurement of teacher demoralization. Feedback on the survey instrument was incorporated in an iterative process at each stage of data collection. Results revealed that the theory of teacher demoralization should include two factors: teacher dispositions and feelings of demoralization. The current study failed to find strong evidence of convergent validity with teacher burnout and self-determination need thwarting; however, results suggest that emotional exhaustion and autonomy need thwarting are moderately related to teacher demoralization. Evidence of discriminant validity in relation to teacher self-efficacy was found; however, other discriminant validity evidence was inconclusive. This study extends the literature by providing the first attempt to measure the phenomenon of teacher demoralization. Future studies should continue to refine the instrument of teacher demoralization, and can use this instrument as one way to examine the impact of policy on teachers.
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Kulda, Jiří. "Automatický nástroj k získávání metadat komponent pro úlohy průběžné integrace." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta informačních technologií, 2017. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-363870.
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Tato diplomová práce popisuje úpravu průběžné integrace pro Platform tým ve společnosti Red Hat. Výsledkem práce je nástroj Metamorph, který umožní sjednocení ostatních nástrojů průběžné integrace pod týmem Platform. Teoretická část popisuje vznik, popis a přidané hodnoty průběžné integrace. Následně jsou blíže přiblíženy existující nástroje na trhu. Dále je zde popsáno použití průběžné integrace v nástroji Jenkins. V práci jsou také dopodrobna popsány existující řešení průběžné integrace ve společnosti Red Hat. Dále je zde popsán návrh a implementace výše zmíněného nástroje. V závěru jsou výsledky práce otestovány týmem z firmy Red Hat a nastíněny možnosti rozšíření.
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Vaz, Sónia Melania Oliveira. "How efficient is the Portuguese Stock Market?" Master's thesis, Instituto Superior de Economia e Gestão, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/10329.
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Mestrado em FinançasEsta Dissertação testa a hipótese de eficiência fraca do mercado aplicada a seis índices de mercado Europeus (França, Alemanha, Reino Unido, Grécia, Portugal e Espanha) no período de Janeiro de 2007 a Janeiro de 2012. Para tal, testámos as correlações, realizámos o teste runs, o teste de raízes unitárias bem como teste de variâncias (variance ratio test). Adicionalmente analisámos se seria possível prever os retornos do PSI-20 recorrendo a data mining e, mais concretamente, aos algoritmos de data mining: k-NN e Redes Neuronais. Os nossos resultados evidenciam que no período de Janeiro de 2007 a Setembro de 2008 os índices de referência de França, Alemanha e Espanha, cumpriram a maioria dos critérios referentes à hipótese de eficiência fraca de mercado. Os nossos resultados evidenciam ainda que esta situação se verifica depois para os índices dos seis países considerados, no período de Setembro de 2008 a Janeiro de 2012. Relativamente à previsão dos retornos do PSI-20, desenhámos uma estratégia baseada nas previsões dadas pelo k-NN e Redes Neuronais e concluímos que, ao implementá-la obteríamos retornos consideravelmente elevados face aos alcançados através de uma simples estratégia de buy-and-hold, comprometendo assim a hipótese de eficiência fraca de mercado.
This dissertation reports the results of tests on the weak-form market efficiency applied to six European market indexes (France, Germany, UK, Greece, Portugal and Spain) from January 2007 to January 2012. For this matter we use a serial correlation test, a runs test, an augmented Dickey-Fuller test and the multiple variance ratio test. In addition we also analyze if it would be possible to forecast the PSI-20 returns resorting data mining, more specifically using k-NN and Neural Network. Our findings show that from January 1997 to September 2008 France, Germany and Spain meet most of the criteria for the weak-form market efficiency hypothesis, a situation that occurs afterwards for all six European market indexes from September 2008 to January 2012. Regarding the forecast of PSI-20 returns we designed a strategy based on the forecast of k-NN and Neural Network and concluded that by implementing it we would obtain relevant higher returns than the ones achieved by a buy-and-hold strategy, which compromises the weak-form market efficiency.
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Moberg, Simon. "Analys av läromedel till gymnasiekurs Fysik 1 kopplat till Test of Understanding Graphs in Kinematics (TUG-K)." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Fysikundervisningens didaktik, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-414223.
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Syftet med den här studien är att lägga en grund för framtida forskning om gymnasie- och universitetsstudents förmåga att tolka kinematikgrafer i Sverige. Det finns ett väl framarbetat bedömningsredskap som kallas "Test of understandinggraphs in kinematics" (TUG-K) som har använts internationellt för att undersöka just detta. Resultaten från dessa studier visar att generellt så har elever på många platser i världen svårt med just tolkning av kinematikgrafer. För att kunna närmare granska hur läget ser ut i Sverige så har vi i denna studie översatt TUG-K och TUG-K2 till svenska. Internationell forskning har översatts och sammanfattats, samt så har tre svenska läromedel tillhörande Fysik 1 på gymnasiet granskats och analyserats för att jämföra vad TUG-K undersöker med vad som tas upp i svenska läromedel. Allt detta för att underlätta för att svenska forskare och fysiklärare ska kunna undersöka elevers förmåga att tolka kinematikgrafer och vilket resultat som kan förväntas från svenska elever som genomför TUG-K. Resultatet i studien pekar mot att svenska läromedel skiljer sig anmärkningsvärt med vad de fokuserar på i tolkning av kinematikgrafer. De undersökta läromedlen går alla igenom och testar beräkning och tolkning av lutning i s-t och v-t grafer, samt area under v-t grafer. Endast en av läromedlen gick igenom area under a-t grafer och samtliga hade mycket få eller inga uppgifter som behandlade area under a-t grafer. När det kommer till att jämföra kinematikgrafer och att tolka rörelser mellan graf och textrepresentation så varjerade det stark mellan läromedlen. Vissa hade ett stort fokus på det men i andra var instruktion och testande av färdigheten nästintill icke existenterande. Framtida forskning i fältet rekommenderas samla in data med de översatta versionerna av TUG-K samt undersöka olika variabler som kan ha påverkan på elevers resultat, såsom använt läromedel och lärarens prioriteringar vid undervisning av kinematikgrafer.
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Schön, Ragnar. "A cross-cultural listener-based study on perceptual features in K-pop." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för datavetenskap och kommunikation (CSC), 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-178018.
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Recent research within the Music Information Retrieval (MIR) field has shown the relevance of perceptual features for musical signals. The idea is to identify a small set of features that are natural descriptions from a perceptual perspective. The notion of perceptual features is based on the ecological approach to music, that is, focussing on sound events rather than spectral information. Furthermore, MIR research has had an overemphasis on Western music and listeners. This leads to the question of whether the concept of perceptual features is culturally independent or not. This was investigated by having listeners of two distinct cultural backgrounds (Swedish and Chinese) rating a set of eight perceptual features: dissonance, speed, rhythmic complexity, rhythmic clarity, articulation, harmonic complexity, modality and pitch. A culturally specific dataset consisting of Korean pop songs was used to provide the stimuli. This was a subset of a larger set of songs from a previous study selected based on genre and mood annotations to create a diverse dataset. The listener ratings were evaluated by a variety of statistical measures, including cross-correlation and ANOVA. It was found that there was a small but significant difference in the ratings of the perceptual features speed and rhythmic complexity between the two cultural groups.
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Goll, Claudia [Verfasser], Walter [Verfasser] Bacher, Wolfgang [Verfasser] Menz, and Werner K. [Verfasser] Schomburg. "Entwicklung, Herstellung und Test von aktiven Mikroventilen für pneumatische Anwendungen / Claudia Goll, Walter Bacher, Wolfgang Menz, Werner K. Schomburg." Karlsruhe : KIT-Bibliothek, 1997. http://d-nb.info/1198223464/34.
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Klemm, Katja [Verfasser], and K. [Akademischer Betreuer] Bös. "European Fitness Badge (EFB) – Development, Implementation and Evaluation of a Europe-wide Fitness Test / Katja Klemm ; Betreuer: K. Bös." Karlsruhe : KIT-Bibliothek, 2021. http://d-nb.info/1228439362/34.
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York, Jennifer. "Comparison of the Kaufman Brief Intelligence Test (K-BIT) and the Wechsler Scale for Children (WISC-IV) with referred students." Huntington, WV : [Marshall University Libraries], 2006. http://www.marshall.edu/etd/descript.asp?ref=622.
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Narreddy, Naga Sambu Reddy, and Tuğrul Durgun. "Clusters (k) Identification without Triangle Inequality : A newly modelled theory." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för informatik och media, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-183608.
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Cluster analysis characterizes data that are similar enough and useful into meaningful groups (clusters).For example, cluster analysis can be applicable to find group of genes and proteins that are similar, to retrieve information from World Wide Web, and to identify locations that are prone to earthquakes. So the study of clustering has become very important in several fields, which includes psychology and other social sciences, biology, statistics, pattern recognition, information retrieval, machine learning and data mining [1] [2]. Cluster analysis is the one of the widely used technique in the area of data mining. According to complexity and amount of data in a system, we can use variety of cluster analysis algorithms. K-means clustering is one of the most popular and widely used among the ten algorithms in data mining [3]. Like other clustering algorithms, it is not the silver bullet. K-means clustering requires pre analysis and knowledge before the number of clusters and their centroids are determined. Recent studies show a new approach for K-means clustering which does not require any pre knowledge for determining the number of clusters [4]. In this thesis, we propose a new clustering procedure to solve the central problem of identifying the number of clusters (k) by imitating the desired number of clusters with proper properties. The proposed algorithm is validated by investigating different characteristics of the analyzed data with modified theory, analyze parameters efficiency and their relationships. The parameters in this theory include the selection of embryo-size (m), significance level (α), distributions (d), and training set (n), in the identification of clusters (k).
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Liu, Xi. "Semi-parametric Bayesian Inference of Accelerated Life Test Using Dirichlet Process Mixture Model." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1447193154.
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Comstedt, Wictor, and Robert Fredriksson. "Andrahandsmarknaden för småhuspriser i Sverige : En tidsserieanalys av olika makrovariablers påverkan och samvariation för åren 1996- 2006." Thesis, Uppsala University, Department of Economics, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-8158.
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Syftet med uppsatsen är att analysera hur ett antal makrovariabler påverkar på och samverkar med priserna på småhus. Även hur variablerna reagerar på chocker sinsemellan studeras.
Tidsserieanalysen bygger på månadsdata från år 1996 fram till 2006, som innehåller alla försäljningar av småhusfastigheter i hela Sverige. Det kvalitetsindex som används för att analysera priserna är K/T- talet. För att studera skillnader, avseende samverkan och påverkan, regioner emellan görs en uppdelning av landet i regionerna Stockholm, Göteborg, Malmö, Glesbygd samt hela Sverige. För att testa olika makrovariablers påverkan på K/T- talen används Grangers kausalitets test. Resultaten av dessa test visar att K/T- talen påverkas på annorlunda sätt i de olika regionerna.
Fortsatt analys sker med estimering av en enkel vektorautoregressiv modell för varje region, där de tre endogena variabler K/T- tal för regionen, industriordrar och nybilsregistrering används. Sedan utförs impulsrespons chocker på de tre endogena variablerna. Den starkaste effekten som kan urskiljas av dessa chocker är att K/T- talen har en inverkan på hushållens förmögenhet och då även dess konsumtion.
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Mao, Qian. "Clusters Identification: Asymmetrical Case." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Informationssystem, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-208328.
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Cluster analysis is one of the typical tasks in Data Mining, and it groups data objects based only on information found in the data that describes the objects and their relationships. The purpose of this thesis is to verify a modified K-means algorithm in asymmetrical cases, which can be regarded as an extension to the research of Vladislav Valkovsky and Mikael Karlsson in Department of Informatics and Media. In this thesis an experiment is designed and implemented to identify clusters with the modified algorithm in asymmetrical cases. In the experiment the developed Java application is based on knowledge established from previous research. The development procedures are also described and input parameters are mentioned along with the analysis. This experiment consists of several test suites, each of which simulates the situation existing in real world, and test results are displayed graphically. The findings mainly emphasize the limitations of the algorithm, and future work for digging more essences of the algorithm is also suggested.
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EREK, ERMAN. "k-ε turbulence modeling for a wind turbine : Comparison of RANS simulations with ECN wind turbine test site Wieringermeer (EWTW) measurements." Thesis, KTH, Kraft- och värmeteknologi, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-111532.
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In this report we discuss the use of k-ε RANS (Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes equations) turbulence model for wind turbine applications. This model has been implemented in the new wind turbine wake CFD code that is being developed at ECN. Simulations of the wind turbine test site EWTW are compared with measurements conducted between 2005 and 2009 and with FarmFlow, ECN's current wind turbine wake code. Based on the results the uncertainties in the current approach are highlighted and areas for possible improvement are discussed.
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Baréty, Alice. "Étude du test en trois étapes à la lumière des traditions juridiques du droit d'auteur." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/28181.
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Le test en trois étapes est né d'une volonté de protection minimale et transfrontière des auteurs, en réaction à l'accord qui a été fait aux États, par la Convention de Berne, de la faculté de prendre des exceptions au droit d'auteur. Étudier le test en trois étapes à la lumière des traditions juridiques en la matière, opposant les États dits de droit civil, auteur-centrés, et les États dits de common law, société-centrés, permet de saisir les contours de ce mécanisme international complexe. Son adoption, et les termes de celle-ci, ont en effet été dictés par une nécessité de compromis entre les traditions juridiques. Sa réception, aussi hétérogène que les traditions juridiques, s'est faite de façon particulièrement antagoniste, opposant les régimes nord-américains, silencieux, au régime européen, mettant en œuvre le test plutôt deux fois qu'une et ne manquant pas de déclencher ainsi de nombreuses oppositions doctrinales. Celles-ci, dans un premier temps centrées sur le destinataire du test, se sont finalement cristallisées autour de l'interprétation du test. Ce dernier, érigé en condition supplémentaire du bénéfice des exceptions au sein de l'Union européenne, a déclenché les foudres d'une partie de la doctrine, y voyant moult dangers. Il a alors fait l'objet de nombreuses propositions de réinterprétation, une partie d'entre elles voyant en lui un moyen d'instaurer une exception ouverte dans le régime européen, et donc de mâtiner celui-ci de traditions de common law. Pourtant, une interprétation raisonnable du test, préservant son esprit et son effet utile, ainsi que les différentes traditions juridiques, est plus que souhaitable. Enfin, son objectif de protection minimale des auteurs ne pourra, quoi qu'il en soit, être atteint que par une application du test par tous les États parties aux textes le consacrant.
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Rodrigues, Lucas Cerqueira 1988. "Sistema computacional de medidas de colorações humanas para exame médico de sudorese." [s.n.], 2015. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/267736.
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Orientador: Marco Antonio Garcia de CarvalhoDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Tecnologia
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Resumo: Na pesquisa médica, o exame de sudorese é utilizado para destacar as regiões do corpo onde o paciente transpira, sendo estas úteis para o médico identificar possíveis lesões no sistema nervoso simpático. Os estudos acerca deste exame apontam a inexistência de um processo de identificação automática das regiões do corpo. Neste projeto, utilizou-se o Kinect® para ajudar nesta solução. Este dispositivo é capaz escanear objetos 3D e possui uma biblioteca para desenvolvimento de sistemas. Este trabalho tem o objetivo de construir um sistema computacional cujo propósito é desenvolver uma solução semi-automática para análise de imagens digitais provenientes de exames de sudorese. O sistema em foco permite classificar as regiões do corpo onde o paciente transpira, por intermédio de seu escaneamento 3D, utilizando o Kinect®, e gerar um relatório para o médico com as informações consolidadas de forma a realizar o diagnóstico com facilidade, rapidez e precisão. O projeto teve início em 2013, no laboratório IMAGELab da FT/UNICAMP em Limeira/SP e contou com o apoio de uma das equipes do Hospital das Clínicas da USP de Ribeirão Preto/SP que realiza os estudos sobre o Exame de Sudorese iodo-amido. A contribuição do trabalho consistiu na construção do aplicativo, que utiliza o algoritmo de segmentação de imagem K-Means para segmentação das regiões sobre a superfície do paciente, além do desenvolvimento do sistema que inclui o Kinect®. A aplicação validou-se por meio de experimentos em pacientes reais
Abstract: In medical research, the Sweat Test is used to highlight regions where the patient sweats, which are useful for the doctor to identify possible lesions on the sympathetic nervous system. Studies on this test indicate some difficulties in the automatic identification of body regions. In this project, we used the Kinect® device to help in this solution. Created by Microsoft®, the Kinect® is able to identify distance and has a library for systems development. This work aims to build a computer system intending to resolve some of the difficulties encountered during the research in the examination of sweating. The system created allows classify regions of the body where the patient sweats, through its 3D scanning, using the Kinect®, and export to the doctor the consolidated information in order to make a diagnosis quickly, easily and accurately. The project began in 2013 in ImageLab laboratory FT / UNICAMP in Limeira / SP and had the support of one of the USP Clinical Hospital teams in Ribeirão Preto / SP that performs studies on the Sweating Exam Iodine-Starch. The contribution to knowledge was in the software construction using the Kinect® and the image segmentation using K-Means algorithm for targeting regions on the surface of the patient. The application is validated by experiments on real patients
Mestrado
Tecnologia e Inovação
Mestre em Tecnologia
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Ravier, Clémence. "Conception innovante d’une méthode de fertilisation azotée : Articulation entre diagnostic des usages, ateliers participatifs et modélisation." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017SACLA005/document.
Full textAbstract:
Le raisonnement de la fertilisation azotée du blé a, depuis 40 ans, été largement orienté par le consensus autour de la méthode du bilan, avec comme principes fondamentaux : une nutrition azotée non limitante tout au long du cycle et l’estimation, de manière indépendante, des différents termes de l’équation du bilan pour caractériser la fourniture du sol et les besoins en azote de la plante. Au regard des enjeux de réduction des pollutions environnementales, de l’évolution des exigences qualitative du marché, ainsi que des difficultés de mise en oeuvre de la méthode, on s’interroge sur l’opportunité de renouveler ce paradigme. Pour proposer une nouvelle méthode qui réponde aux divers enjeux concernant l’azote, qui valorise au mieux les connaissances disponibles et dont la mise en oeuvre est cohérente avec les moyens des acteurs, nous avons mis en oeuvre une démarche de conception innovante, structurée en 3 étapes : un diagnostic des usages des outils actuels, une phase de conception, incluant des ateliers de conception et la mise au point de règle de décision à l’aide d’un modèle, et un test d’usage du prototype conçu.Le diagnostic des usages a mis en évidence plusieurs obstacles à la mise en oeuvre de la méthode du bilan, dont la fixation de l’objectif de rendement, ce qui a orienté la phase de conception vers l’exploration d’un concept de méthode de fertilisation azotée permettant de s’en affranchir. La méthode mise au point est basée sur le suivi régulier de l’état de nutrition azotée de la plante, l’acceptation de carences en azote non préjudiciables et des règles de décision tenant compte des conditions météorologiques au moment de l’apport. Nous montrons que la conception a rendu nécessaire la production de nouvelles connaissances, mais aussi la diversification des ressources et des compétences habituellement mobilisées. Ce travail enrichit les méthodes de conception d’outils d’aide à la décision en montrant comment l’articulation des 3 étapes permet de sortir du paradigme qui domine la fertilisation azotée depuis des décennies et d’élaborer un outil palliant les défauts des outils actuelsDecisions about nitrogen fertilizer application on wheat have, for the last 40 years, been based on the balance sheet method, with the following underlying principles: non-limiting nitrogen nutrition throughout the crop cycle, and independent estimation of the various terms of the equation, to characterize soil nitrogen supply and plant nitrogen needs. Environmental pollution, changes in the qualitative requirements of the market and difficulties implementing this method have raised questions about whether it might be appropriate to switch to new ways of managing nitrogen fertilizer. We developed a new method meeting the diverse constraints relating to nitrogen use, making the best use of available knowledge and easily applicable by users, through a 3-steps innovative design approach: a diagnosis of the use of current tools, a design phase including design workshops, production of new knowledge, a modelbased prototyping, and the testing of a prototype method.The diagnosis of uses identified several barriers to the implementation of the balance sheet method, including the need to set a target yield. This directed the design phase towards the exploration of new ways of managing nitrogen fertilizer that did not require the fixing of a target yield. The method developed is based on the regular monitoring of plant nitrogen nutrition, the toleration of periods of nitrogen deficiency that are not prejudicial and the use of decision rules taking weather conditions at the time of nitrogen application into account.This design required the generation of new knowledge and a diversification of the resources and skills usually mobilized. This work enriches the methods for designing decision support tools and shows how a combination of 3 steps can be used to develop a tool for managing nitrogen fertilizer applications completely different from the dominant paradigm of the last 40 years, and compensating the defects of current methods
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Kurin, Erik, and Adam Melin. "Data-driven test automation : augmenting GUI testing in a web application." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Programvara och system, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-96380.
Full textAbstract:
For many companies today, it is highly valuable to collect and analyse data in order to support decision making and functions of various sorts. However, this kind of data-driven approach is seldomly applied to software testing and there is often a lack of verification that the testing performed is relevant to how the system under test is used. Therefore, the aim of this thesis is to investigate the possibility of introducing a data-driven approach to test automation by extracting user behaviour data and curating it to form input for testing. A prestudy was initially conducted in order to collect and assess different data sources for augmenting the testing. After suitable data sources were identified, the required data, including data about user activity in the system, was extracted. This data was then processed and three prototypes where built on top of this data. The first prototype augments the model-based testing by automatically creating models of the most common user behaviour by utilising data mining algorithms. The second prototype tests the most frequent occurring client actions. The last prototype visualises which features of the system are not covered by automated regression testing. The data extracted and analysed in this thesis facilitates the understanding of the behaviour of the users in the system under test. The three prototypes implemented with this data as their foundation can be used to assist other testing methods by visualising test coverage and executing regression tests.
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Tayduganov, Andrey. "Electroweak radiative B-decays as a test of the Standard Model and beyond." Phd thesis, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00648217.
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Recently the radiative B-decay to strange axial-vector mesons, B--> K1(1270) gamma, was observed with a rather large branching ratio. This process is particularly interesting as the subsequent K1-decay into its three-body final state allows us to determine the polarization of the photon, which is mostly left(right)-handed for Bbar(B) in the Standard Model while various new physics models predict additional right(left)-handed components. In this thesis, a new method is proposed to determine the polarization, exploiting the full Dalitz plot distribution, which seems to reduce significantly the statistical errors on the polarization parameter lambda_gamma measurement.This polarization measurement requires, however a detailed knowledge of the K1--> K pi pi strong interaction decays, namely, the complex pattern of the various partial wave amplitudes into several possible quasi-two-body channels as well as their relative phases. A number of experiments have been done to extract all these information while there remain various problems in the previous studies. In this thesis, we investigate the details of these problems. As a theoretical tool, we use the 3P0 quark-pair-creation model in order to improve our understanding of strong K1 decays.Finally we try to estimate some theoretical uncertainties: in particular, the one coming from the uncertainty on the K1 mixing angle, and the effect of a possible ''off-set'' phase in strong decay S-waves. According to our estimations, the systematic errors are found to be of the order of sigma(lambda_gamma)^th<20%. On the other hand, we discuss the sensitivity of the future experiments, namely the SuperB factories and LHCb, to lambda_gamma. Naively estimating the annual signal yields, we found the statistical error of the new method to be sigma(lambda_gamma)^stat<10% which turns out to be reduced by a factor 2 with respect to using the simple angular distribution.We also discuss a comparison to the other methods of the polarization measurement using processes, such as B--> K* e^+ e^-, Bd--> K* gamma and Bs--> phi gamma, for the determination of the ratio of the Wilson coefficients C7gamma^'eff/C7gamma^eff. We show an example of the potential constraints on C7gamma^'eff/C7gamma^eff. in several scenarios of supersymmetric models.
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Vyn, Reuben. "Promoting curricular innovation through language performance assessment: leveraging AAPPL washback in a K-12 world languages program." Diss., University of Iowa, 2019. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/6872.
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Language assessments are increasingly being leveraged for the purposes of educational reform and accountability, yet relatively little is known about how teachers respond to their implementation or what impact they have on the learning outcomes of students. Drawing on theories of educational innovation, this mixed methods study explores the interplay between testing, teaching, and learning in an urban Midwestern K-12 world languages program. Specifically, it investigates the washback effect of the American Council on the Teaching of Foreign Languages (ACTFL) Assessment of Performance toward Proficiency in Languages (AAPPL), and the potential for its influence on teachers’ practices to complement strategic efforts to introduce and manage curricular innovation at the local level.
The study was divided into three distinct but complementary phases. In Phase 1, teachers (n=47) responded to an online survey addressing their background, instructional practices, and the potential influence of the AAPPL therein. In Phase 2, semi-structured interviews were conducted with a subset of teachers (n=12) in order to more richly describe their instructional and assessment-related practices. Finally, in Phase 3, AAPPL scores were obtained for all students (n=846) who took the assessment. Quantitative analyses predominantly involved the use of descriptive statistics to depict teachers’ practices and students’ performance on the AAPPL, as well as bivariate correlations to measure the relationship between the two. Qualitative analyses of interview data were aimed at identifying categories and themes leading to a rich description of teachers’ behaviors and activities in response to the AAPPL. In the final stages of analysis, both qualitative and quantitative data sources and analyses were synthesized in an attempt to develop a more nuanced understanding of the interplay between assessment, instruction, and learning.
Findings suggested a moderately positive washback effect of the AAPPL, which was manifested through individual and collective efforts to refine curricula and instruction with the goal of further enhancing students’ language performance and proficiency development. Key findings included teachers’ increased use of ACTFL’s core documents to guide their planning, and an adjustment to the amount of instructional time devoted to the four modalities (listening, reading, writing, and speaking). This evidence for positive washback of the AAPPL was observed among teachers across languages and levels, and extended beyond those immediately implicated in its administration. Furthermore, the strength and direction of the influence was mediated by the close link between testing and teaching, individual differences among teachers, and the collaborative approach to managing the innovation. Evidence connecting teachers’ practices with student outcomes on the AAPPL was diffuse, with bivariate correlations indicating a potential relationship between the use of target language and explicit grammar instruction and students’ composite scores.
This investigation has contributed to a greater understanding of how external language performance assessments may serve as a catalyst for refining and improving language teaching in K-12 contexts. Those seeking to promote the adoption of similar innovative practices should ensure that the assessment is aligned with the pedagogical goals of the curriculum and that their approach to introducing and managing change is responsive to the local context. While more research is needed in order to determine the potential influence of innovation on the learning outcomes of students (Green, 2013), world language programs should be encouraged to implement standards-based external assessments as a means by which to promote teachers’ adoption of proficiency-oriented instructional practices.
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Timoneda, Gallart Carme. "Processament de la informació en nens de pre-escolar de les comarques gironines. Implicacions pedagògiques." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Girona, 1994. http://www.tdx.cat/TDX-0710108-104901.
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La nostra investigació s'inscriu en la concepció dinàmica de la intel·ligència, i concretament en el processos que configuren el processament cerebral en el Model d'integració de la informació descrit per Das, Kirby i Jarman (1979). Els dos processos cerebrals que constitueixen la base de la conducta intel·ligent són el processament simultani i el processament seqüencial; són les dues estratègies principals del processament de la informació. Tota classe d'estímul és susceptible d'ésser processat o bé seqüencialment (seriació, verbal, anàlisi), o be simultàniament (global, visual, síntesi).
Basant-nos en el recull bibliogràfic i amb la convicció de que apropant-nos al coneixement de les peculiaritats del processament de la informació, ens endinsem en la comprensió del procés que mena a la conducta intel·ligent, i per tant, a l'aprenentatge, formulem la següent hipòtesi de treball: en els nens de preescolar (d'entre els 3 i els sis anys) es donaran aquest dos tipus de processament i variaran en funció de l'edat, el sexe, l'atenció, les dificultats d'aprenentatge, els problemes de llenguatge, el bilingüisme, el nivell sociocultural, la dominància manual, el nivell mental i de la presència de patologia. Les diferències que s'esdevinguin ens permetran de formular criteris i pautes per a la intervenció educativa.
Els nostres objectius es refonen en mesurar el processament en nens de preescolar de les comarques gironines, verificar la relació de cada tipus de processament amb les variables esmentades, comprovar si s'estableix un paral·lelisme entre el processament i les aportacions de concepció localitzacionista de les funcions cerebrals en base als nostres resultats, i pautes per a la intervenció pedagògica.
Quant al mètode, hem seleccionat una mostra representativa dels nens i nenes matriculats a les escoles publiques de les comarques gironines durant el curs 92/93, mitjançant un mostreig aleatori estratificat i per conglomerats. El tamany real de la mostra és de dos-cents seixanta un subjectes.
Els instruments emprats han estat els següents: el Test K-ABC de Kaufman & Kaufman (1983) per a la avaluació del processament; un formulari dirigit als pares per a la recollida de la informació pertinent; entrevistes amb les mestres, i el Test de la Figura Humana de Goodenough.
Pel que fa referència als resultats de la nostra recerca i en funció dels objectius proposats, constatem els fets següents. En els nens de preescolar, amb edats d'entre els tres i els sis anys, es constata l'existència dels dos tipus de processament cerebral, sense que es doni un predomini d'un sobre de l'altre; ambdós processaments actuen interrelacionadament.
Ambdós tipus de processament milloren a mesura que augmenta l'edat, però es constaten diferències derivades del nivell mental: amb un nivell mental normal s'hi associa una millora d'ambdós processaments, mentre que amb un nivell mental deficient només millora fonamentalment el processament seqüencial.
Tanmateix, el processament simultani està més relacionat amb les funcions cognitives complexes i és més nivell mental dependent que el processament seqüencial.
Tant les dificultats d'aprenentatge com els problemes de llenguatge predominen en els nens i nenes amb un desequilibri significatiu entre ambdós tipus de processament; les dificultats d'aprenentatge estan més relacionades amb una deficiència del processament simultani, mentre que els problemes de llenguatge es relacionen més amb una deficiència en el processament seqüencial.
Els nivells socioculturals baixos es relacionen amb resultats inferiors en ambdós tipus de processament.
Per altra part, entre els nens bilingües és més freqüent el processament seqüencial significatiu.
El test de la Figura Humana es comporta com un marcador de processament simultani i el nivell atencional com un marcador de la gravetat del problema que afecta al processament i en el següent ordre: nivell mental deficient, dificultats, d'aprenentatge i problemes de llenguatge . Les deficiències atencionals van lligades a deficiències en el processament simultani i a la presencia de patologia.
Quant a la dominància manual no es constaten diferències en el processament.
Finalment, respecte del sexe només podem aportar que quan un dels dos tipus de processament és deficitari,i es dóna per tant, un desequilibri en el processament, predomina significativament el nombre de nens afectats per sobre del de nenes.
This issue was designed to study cerebral processing as an application of the successive-simultaneous processing model (Das, Kirby and Jarman 1979) in children of our country.
The relationship between K-ABC simultaneous and successive scores and several conditions as well as the relationship between these conditions and qualitative variables was investigated. Also, Goodenough test was added to the study as a complement. Age, sex, attention, learning difficulties, speech problems, bilingualism, sociocultural level, hand dominance, IQ, are conditions considered in the research.
The objectives of the study were to provide conclusions for applicability to learning disabled children and, this way, to assist school teachers in an attempt to ameliorate educational system.
Subject Sample
Random sampling of preschool children living in Girona, region of Catalonia (Spain) was selected for the study. The children ranged in age from 36 to 72 months with a mean age of 61 months (SD-8.07). Students (preschool children) participating in the present study were members of two classrooms, grade 1 (P4) and grade 2 (P5). Two strata were done based on the mode of classroom so sample was representative. Given that children population in Girona region is 7095 we were able to calculate sampling in terms of 262 subjects with proportion factor of 3.702 for each stratum. A peculiarity must be mentioned. Catalonia in Spain has two languages, Catalan and Spanish languages but Catalan immersion is carried out in every school in Catalonia.
Instruments
Ten subtests of the Kaufman Assessment Battery for Children (Kaufnan & Kaufman,1983) were selected for the present study. Seven simultaneous tests were applied: Gestalt Clousure, Triangles, Matrix Analogies, spatial Memory, Photo Series, Magic Window, Face Recognition. According to age, each child took different number of subtests. Three successive tests were administrated: Number Recall, Word Order, Hand Movements. For complete descriptions of tasks refer to Kaufman & Kaufman manual (1983). Also, the analysis reported by Das (1984) has
been considered. In addition to these, the Goodenough test (Harris,1982) was applied as instrument for assessing intellectual stage of development . On the other hand, a questionnaire was done.
Procedure
Parents' permission was sought prior to assessing the children, and in no case were we denied permission. Subjects were tested individually. Testing was carried out in a quiet room at the school. The average time per assessment was 35 minutes. All the testing was conducted in the school by the same author.
Data Analysis
The SPSS program was used to analyze the data. The Pearson Product-Moment Correlation Coefficient was used to describe a relationship between two variables. The t-Student was used to test the significance of differences between means. Chi-Square (x2) test was used to test the significance of differences between proportions. Mantel-Haenszel test was also applied where indicated for determining whether two variables were dependent or independent.
Results and conclusions
The following statements were concluded: (1) Both cognitive processes, successive and simultaneous, were present in the range of 3-6-year-old. No one of the two modes of processing was significantly superior. Both of them work interrelated. (2) Scores are higher with increasing age in successive and simultaneous processing but in the case of the retarded subjects that is true for the successive but not for the simultaneous. (3) Simultaneous processing is more related to complex cognitive functions than successive processing. (4) Learning difficulties and speech problems are more frequent in the case of imbalanced processing. Learning disability is more frequently related to simultaneous processing but speech problems to successive processing. (5) Lower sociocultural children score worse in both cognitive processing. (6) Bilingual children are more frequently successive in the cognitive processing. (7) No differences with respect to hand dominance were found. (8) When one of the two cognitive processing is deficient (imbalanced processing) the number of boys is significantly superior to the number of girls.
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CAI, JIACHENG. "The Energy Efficiency Model of a DC Motor for the Control of HEVs." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för industriell teknik och management (ITM), 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-284330.
Full textAbstract:
This thesis studies a DC motor for a racing hybrid electric vehicle (HEV) prototype.The development of optimization-based energy management strategies (EMS) necessitates an accurate quasi-static model of the driving motor, which includes a 2D efficiency map with the torque outputand rotating speed as the inputs. However, a DC motor's efficiency varies a lot at differentoperating points and the efficiency map from the technical manual does not match the various applications in reality.In view of this, this thesis investigates a field testing based quasi-static modeling method to construct the DC motor efficiency map with only portable and brief testing resources. Firstly, a testbench is designed, manufactured, integrated, and configured with necessary accessories. The testbench consists of the motor under test, a braking motor to provide load torque, a servo-amplifier for torque control and sensing, a host computer for data acquisition, and power supplies. Then, a self-contained testing plan is designed by which as many as possible different testing points can be covered based on the braking motor's power limit. After that, the experiments are successively performed on the test bench, and the input electric power along with the output mechanical power at steady state are recorded. Multiple data process methods are explored to analyze the collected testing data. Root mean square (RMS) is used to reduce the measuring variance. Invalid outliers are identified and filtered out based on the residuals. The qualified samples are employed to build up the 2D efficiency map by fourth-degree polynomial regression. Then, three methods, linear, quadratic, and cubic fittings are attempted separately to estimate the relationships between the input power and output torque at different speeds. The results show that the quadratic model is the best option which results in smaller root mean square error (RMSE) and fair computation complexity. To conclude, the quasi-static dynamic model of a DC motor, which includes a 2D efficiency map and the speed-based polynomial expression of input power, can be properly established by a new method relying on less and simpler devices in contrast to those traditional methods. This method bypasses a bulk of tedious modulations on precise motor speed control which is heavily dependent on a high-precision sensor. The formulated 2D efficiency map will effectively support the future development of model-based EMS. The polynomial expression provides a more efficient approach to estimate instantaneous energy efficiency for an embedded system application.Denna avhandling studerar en likströmsmotor för en prototyp av ett elektriskt hybridfordon (HEV) för racing. Utvecklingen av optimeringsbaserade energihanteringsstrategier (EMS) kräver en precis kvasistatisk dynamisk modell av den drivande motorn, som inkluderar en en 2D-karta (effektivetetskarta) som beskriver hur verkningsgraden beror på moment och rotationshastighet. Verkningsgraden hos likströmsmotorn varierar dock mycket beroende på arbetspunkt och verkningsgradskartan från databladen stämmer inte alltid med de olika applikationerna i verkligheten. Givet detta undersöker denna avhandling en fältprovsbaserad kvasistatisk modelleringsmetod för att uppskatta likströmsmotorns effektivitetskarta med endast flyttbara och begränsade testresurser. Till att börja med är en testbänk designad, tillverkad, integrerad och konfigurerad med alla nödvändiga komponenter. Testbänken består av den motor som testas, en bromsmotor för att ge belastningsmoment, en servoförstärkare för vridmomentstyrning och mätning, samt en dator för datainsamling och strömförsörjning. Sedan utformas en fristående testplan som gör att så många olika testpunkter som möjligt kan täckas, baserat på bromsmotorn effektgräns. Därefter utförs experimenten successivt på testbänken där ingående elektrisk effekt och utgående mekanisk effekt mäts i jämviktsläget. Flera olika metoder undersöks för att analysera den insamlade testdatan. Kvadratiskt medelvärde används för att minska variansen i testdatan. Ogiltiga outliers identifieras och filtreras ut baserat på hur mycket de avviker från medelvärdet. De godkända testpunkterna används för att bygga upp 2D-effektivitetskartan genom en fjärde gradens polynom regression. Därefter används tre olika metoder, linjära, kvadratiska och kubiska för att skapa kurvanpassningar genom polynomregression för att beskriva sambandet mellan ingångseffekt och utgångseffekt vid olika hastigheter. Resultaten visar att den kvadratiska metoden är det bästa alternativet eftersom det ger en mindre medelkvadratavvikelse och en hanterbar beräkningskomplexitet. Avslutningsvis kan den kvasistatiska dynamiska modellen för en likströmsmotor, som inkluderar en 2D-effektivitetskarta med det hastighetsbaserade polynomuttrycket för ingångseffekt, skapas av en ny metod som förliter sig på mindre och enklare materiel än traditionella metoder. Denna metod kringår en stor del av den omständiga modulering som precis varvtalsstyrning kräver vilken även är väldigt beroende på högprecisionssensorer. Den formulerade 2D-effektivitetskartan kommer ge betydande stöd till framtida utveckling av modelbaserade energihanteringsstrategier 2 (EMS). Polynomuttrycket ger ett mer effektivt tillvägagångssätt för att uppskatta omedelbar energieffektivitet för en inbäddad systemapplikation.
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Oller, Piqué Ramon. "Survival analysis issues with interval-censored data." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/6520.
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L'anàlisi de la supervivència s'utilitza en diversos àmbits per tal d'analitzar dades que mesuren el temps transcorregut entre dos successos. També s'anomena anàlisi de la història dels esdeveniments, anàlisi de temps de vida, anàlisi de fiabilitat o anàlisi del temps fins a l'esdeveniment. Una de les dificultats que té aquesta àrea de l'estadística és la presència de dades censurades. El temps de vida d'un individu és censurat quan només és possible mesurar-lo de manera parcial o inexacta. Hi ha diverses circumstàncies que donen lloc a diversos tipus de censura. La censura en un interval fa referència a una situació on el succés d'interès no es pot observar directament i només tenim coneixement que ha tingut lloc en un interval de temps aleatori. Aquest tipus de censura ha generat molta recerca en els darrers anys i usualment té lloc en estudis on els individus són inspeccionats o observats de manera intermitent. En aquesta situació només tenim coneixement que el temps de vida de l'individu es troba entre dos temps d'inspecció consecutius.Aquesta tesi doctoral es divideix en dues parts que tracten dues qüestions importants que fan referència a dades amb censura en un interval. La primera part la formen els capítols 2 i 3 els quals tracten sobre condicions formals que asseguren que la versemblança simplificada pot ser utilitzada en l'estimació de la distribució del temps de vida. La segona part la formen els capítols 4 i 5 que es dediquen a l'estudi de procediments estadístics pel problema de k mostres. El treball que reproduïm conté diversos materials que ja s'han publicat o ja s'han presentat per ser considerats com objecte de publicació.
En el capítol 1 introduïm la notació bàsica que s'utilitza en la tesi doctoral. També fem una descripció de l'enfocament no paramètric en l'estimació de la funció de distribució del temps de vida. Peto (1973) i Turnbull (1976) van ser els primers autors que van proposar un mètode d'estimació basat en la versió simplificada de la funció de versemblança. Altres autors han estudiat la unicitat de la solució obtinguda en aquest mètode (Gentleman i Geyer, 1994) o han millorat el mètode amb noves propostes (Wellner i Zhan, 1997).
El capítol 2 reprodueix l'article d'Oller et al. (2004). Demostrem l'equivalència entre les diferents caracteritzacions de censura no informativa que podem trobar a la bibliografia i definim una condició de suma constant anàloga a l'obtinguda en el context de censura per la dreta. També demostrem que si la condició de no informació o la condició de suma constant són certes, la versemblança simplificada es pot utilitzar per obtenir l'estimador de màxima versemblança no paramètric (NPMLE) de la funció de distribució del temps de vida. Finalment, caracteritzem la propietat de suma constant d'acord amb diversos tipus de censura. En el capítol 3 estudiem quina relació té la propietat de suma constant en la identificació de la distribució del temps de vida. Demostrem que la distribució del temps de vida no és identificable fora de la classe dels models de suma constant. També demostrem que la probabilitat del temps de vida en cadascun dels intervals observables és identificable dins la classe dels models de suma constant. Tots aquests conceptes els
il·lustrem amb diversos exemples.
El capítol 4 s'ha publicat parcialment en l'article de revisió metodològica de Gómez et al. (2004). Proporciona una visió general d'aquelles tècniques que s'han aplicat en el problema no paramètric de comparació de dues o més mostres amb dades censurades en un interval. També hem desenvolupat algunes rutines amb S-Plus que implementen la versió permutacional del tests de Wilcoxon, Logrank i de la t de Student per a dades censurades en un interval (Fay and Shih, 1998). Aquesta part de la tesi doctoral es complementa en el capítol 5 amb diverses propostes d'extensió del test de Jonckeere. Amb l'objectiu de provar una tendència en el problema de k mostres, Abel (1986) va realitzar una de les poques generalitzacions del test de Jonckheere per a dades censurades en un interval. Nosaltres proposem altres generalitzacions d'acord amb els resultats presentats en el capítol 4. Utilitzem enfocaments permutacionals i de Monte Carlo. Proporcionem programes informàtics per a cada proposta i realitzem un estudi de simulació per tal de comparar la potència de cada proposta sota diferents models paramètrics i supòsits de tendència. Com a motivació de la metodologia, en els dos capítols s'analitza un conjunt de dades d'un estudi sobre els beneficis de la zidovudina en pacients en els primers estadis de la infecció del virus VIH (Volberding et al., 1995).
Finalment, el capítol 6 resumeix els resultats i destaca aquells aspectes que s'han de completar en el futur.
Survival analysis is used in various fields for analyzing data involving the duration between two events. It is also known as event history analysis, lifetime data analysis, reliability analysis or time to event analysis. One of the difficulties which arise in this area is the presence of censored data. The lifetime of an individual is censored when it cannot be exactly measured but partial information is available. Different circumstances can produce different types of censoring. Interval censoring refers to the situation when the event of interest cannot be directly observed and it is only known to have occurred during a random interval of time. This kind of censoring has produced a lot of work in the last years and typically occurs for individuals in a study being inspected or observed intermittently, so that an individual's lifetime is known only to lie between two successive observation times.
This PhD thesis is divided into two parts which handle two important issues of interval censored data. The first part is composed by Chapter 2 and Chapter 3 and it is about formal conditions which allow estimation of the lifetime distribution to be based on a well known simplified likelihood. The second part is composed by Chapter 4 and Chapter 5 and it is devoted to the study of test procedures for the k-sample problem. The present work reproduces several material which has already been published or has been already submitted.
In Chapter 1 we give the basic notation used in this PhD thesis. We also describe the nonparametric approach to estimate the distribution function of the lifetime variable. Peto (1973) and Turnbull (1976) were the first authors to propose an estimation method which is based on a simplified version of the likelihood function. Other authors have studied the uniqueness of the solution given by this method (Gentleman and Geyer, 1994) or have improved it with new proposals (Wellner and Zhan, 1997).
Chapter 2 reproduces the paper of Oller et al. (2004). We prove the equivalence between different characterizations of noninformative censoring appeared in the literature and we define an analogous constant-sum condition to the one derived in the context of right censoring. We prove as well that when the noninformative condition or the constant-sum condition holds, the simplified likelihood can be used to obtain the nonparametric maximum likelihood estimator (NPMLE) of the failure time distribution function. Finally, we characterize the constant-sum property according to different types of censoring. In Chapter 3 we study the relevance of the constant-sum property in the identifiability of the lifetime distribution. We show that the lifetime distribution is not identifiable outside the class of constant-sum models. We also show that the lifetime probabilities assigned to the observable intervals are identifiable inside the class of constant-sum models. We illustrate all these notions with several examples.
Chapter 4 has partially been published in the survey paper of Gómez et al. (2004). It gives a general view of those procedures which have been applied in the nonparametric problem of the comparison of two or more interval-censored samples. We also develop some S-Plus routines which implement the permutational version of the Wilcoxon test, the Logrank test and the t-test for interval censored data (Fay and Shih, 1998). This part of the PhD thesis is completed in Chapter 5 by different proposals of extension of the Jonckeere's test. In order to test for an increasing trend in the k-sample problem, Abel (1986) gives one of the few generalizations of the Jonckheree's test for interval-censored data. We also suggest different Jonckheere-type tests according to the tests presented in Chapter 4. We use permutational and Monte Carlo approaches. We give computer programs for each proposal and perform a simulation study in order compare the power of each proposal under different parametric assumptions and different alternatives. We motivate both chapters with the analysis of a set of data from a study of the benefits of zidovudine in patients in the early stages of the HIV infection (Volberding et al., 1995).
Finally, Chapter 6 summarizes results and address those aspects which remain to be completed.
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Navrátil, Ondřej. "Přístavba polyfunkčních prostor k výrobní hale - stavebně technologický projekt." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2016. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-240430.
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The subject thesis's topic is the technological implementation of rough upper construction's extension of the company BÖHM's polyfunctional space to technological shop floor located in district Červený Kříž in city of Jihlava. This thesis contains (includes) the implementation of the building's framework made up of ferroconcret and steel construction. The thesis namely includes the solution of the construction site equipment, the situation of the construction with the transport routes solution, the technical report, the technology study of the major technology stages, the bill of quantities and the itemized budget, the suggestion of the main lifting device, the evaluation of the main finance funds for building's construction, the technological instruction, the technical report of the construction site equipment, the schedule of work suggestion of the machine system, the control plan and test plan.
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Nava, Daniela Trentin. "Modelos lineares generalizados e processos pontuais em Análise espacial de dados agrícolas." Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná, 2018. http://tede.unioeste.br/handle/tede/3768.
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This tesis aimed at studying spatial discrete distributions based on two different points of view, that are, spatial point processes and spatial correlated binomial distribution. The data set came from an experiment setted in an agricultural commercial area in Cascavel city Paraná State, cropped with corn. The experimental area was subdivided into 40 georeferenced patch of land and the number of plants infected by Spodoptera frugiperda was observed within each patch of land. Thus, it is assumed that the data set have a binomial distribution. A study of first order local influence was proposed in order to verify possible influential points. The results suggest that the presence of influential observations in the data set have changed the statistical inference, the predicted values and the respective maps. In a second study, our interest was the spatial distribution of the fall armyworm in the experimental area. In order to do that, we used spatial point processes, where each plant infected by the insect within the experimental area was considered as an event of interest. An anisotropy study was carried out using different point process techniques, such as K directional function and wavelet test. The results show that the spatial distribution of the fall armyworm follow a Poisson cluster process with an evident anisotropy, mainly due to the shape of the experimental area.
O objetivo deste trabalho foi discutir distribuições discretas espaciais utilizando pontos de vista distintos, a saber, processos pontuais espaciais e distribuição binomial para dados espacialmente correlacionados. Os dados utilizados são provenientes de um experimento agrícola implantado em uma área comercial agrícola no município de Cascavel, estado do Paraná, cultivada com a cultura do milho. Subdividiu-se a área experimental em 40 parcelas georeferenciadas e observou-se o número de plantas atacadas pela lagarta do cartucho, do total de plantas de cada parcela. Para tal, assumiu-se que os dados possuem distribuição binomial. Propôs-se um estudo de análise de influência local de primeira ordem com o interesse em verificar possíveis pontos influentes. Os resultados obtidos sugerem que a presença de observações influentes nos dados modificam a inferência estatística, os valores preditos e os respectivos mapas. Em um segundo estudo, que teve como interesse a distribuição espacial da lagarta do cartucho na área experimental, utilizou-se de ferramentais de estatística espacial pontual. Para tal, cada planta infectada pelo inseto dentro da área experimental foi considerada como um evento de interesse. Realizou-se um estudo de anisotropia a partir de diferentes técnicas de processos pontuais, como K direcional e teste de ondaletas. Os resultados mostraram que a distribuição espacial da lagarta segue um processo pontual de Poisson agrupado com evidente anisotropia principalmente devido à forma da área experimental.
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Kaya, Tevfik. "Characterization Of Kizilcahamam Geothermal Field By Tracer Testing." Master's thesis, METU, 2005. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12606634/index.pdf.
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ABSTRACT
CHARACTERIZATION OF KIZILCAHAMAM GEOTHERMAL FIELD BY TRACER TESTING
Tevfik Kaya
M.S, Petroleum and Natural Gas Engineering Department
Supervisor : Assoc. Prof. Dr. Serhat Akin
Co-Supervisor : Prof. Dr. Mahmut Parlaktuna
September 2005, 107 Pages
Kizilcahamam Geothermal Field which is 70 km far from Ankara, has been utilized for Geothermal District Heating System, 25 MWt, 2500 residences capacity, greenhouses heating, thermal facilities since 1994. The average production rate is 350m3/h during the heating season , 150m3/h during the summer season for hot water and yearly average reinjection rate is 114m3/h from the field. The long term projections has been studied concerning on expected pressure decline by matching 10 years field history data which contain dynamic level and temperature data. The pressure decline is 140 kPa in the field between 1999 and 2005 with the existing reinjection rate, if the existing rates do not change, the additional pressure decline which is 120 kPa will be occurred up to 2011.
In order to get more information from the field, the fluorescein as tracer has been injected in to the MTA-1, and the samples were collected from the MTA-2, Fethi Bey, IHL-1 and IHL-3 for 3 months. The fluorescein concentration has been detected
by using fluorimeter, and tracer concentration time plots were analyzed. The fluoreiscein was detected in short breakthrough time in MTA-2 and Fethi Bey which are close to reinjection well, breakthrough time is longer in IHL-1 and IHL-3. The interpretation of tracer test shows that there is communication between all wells.
Tracer concentration time plots were compared with different mathematical models, the best match was obtained with multi-fractured model. These results show that Kizilcahamam field is not homogeneous field. It is expected that increasing the reinjection rate will decrease the pressure decline in the field.
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Park, Sungwook. "Three essays on long run movements of real exchange rates." Columbus, Ohio : Ohio State University, 2007. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1180465881.
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Apeltauer, Jiří. "Statistické vlastnosti mikrostruktury dopravního proudu." Doctoral thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2018. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-390266.
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The actual traffic flow theory assumes interactions only between neighbouring vehicles within the traffic. This assumption is reasonable, but it is based on the possibilities of science and technology available decades ago, which are currently overcome. Obviously, in general, there is an interaction between vehicles at greater distances (or between multiple vehicles), but at the time, no procedure has been put forward to quantify the distance of this interaction. This work introdukce a method, which use mathematical statistics and precise measurement of time distances of individual vehicles, which allows to determine these interacting distances (between several vehicles) and its validation for narrow densities of traffic flow. It has been revealed that at high traffic flow densities there is an interaction between at least three consecutive vehicles and four and five vehicles at lower densities. Results could be applied in the development of new traffic flow models and its verification.
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ITAKURA, Fumitada, Kazuya TAKEDA, Katsunobu ITOU, and Weifeng LI. "Single-Channel Multiple Regression for In-Car Speech Enhancement." Institute of Electronics, Information and Communication Engineers, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/2237/15051.
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Wang, Min. "Characteristics of item response time for standardized achievement assessments." Diss., University of Iowa, 2017. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/5674.
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Response time (RT) data are able to provide unique insight into both items and examinees regarding speededness and time-demand and should be incorporated into test development practice. To allow test developers to utilize RT information, item RT needs to be summarized into point estimate(PE)(s) that can be understood by content specialists and saved into the item pool. The recent expansion of online testing in K-12 achievement assessments brings opportunities and challenges for measurement experts to investigate and utilize RT information in a context different from that in the majority of literature, in which licensing and certification tests, graduate admission tests, and other applications that incorporate computer-adaptive testing. Using empirical data from four tests in two grade levels of a K-12 standardized achievement assessment, this study explored the empirical distributions of item RT and their fit to five probability distributions, the characteristics of four item RTPEs, and the relationships between item RTPEs and eight item attributes. Based on the principal findings across tests and grades, the empirical distributions of item RT presented widely variable shapes and did not fit any of the five proposed probability distributions; the 90th quantile showed its important capability of capturing and avoiding speededness issues; and the associations between item RTPEs and item attributes proved to be mixed.
The generally idiosyncratic findings of this study call for a different perspective and approach to explore RT data and call for more empirical studies to enlighten test development practice in the K-12 standardized achievement assessment field.
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Urbánková, Kateřina. "Motivační faktory poctivého daňového přiznání." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2015. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-205772.
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The diploma thesis deals with the motivation factors of a rightful tax return. The aim of the thesis was to identify influence of attitude, subjective norms and behavioural control on a truthfulness of a taxpayer when filling in the tax return. The first part of the thesis is aimed on definition of a tax evasion. Furthermore, this part deals with the causes of tax evasions as well as with ethical point of view on tax evasions in general. The second part of the thesis deals with the indicators of extent and evolution of tax evasions in the Czech Republic and in the European Union. The indicators of tax evasions are the following: shadow economy, tax gap of VAT, tax quota, corruption index and frequency of tax control. The third part includes the results of the questionnaire survey that was realised among the Czech entrepreneurs. The results show the cases of tax evasions that the entrepreneurs may have consider as rightful. Thereafter, using the chi-squared test, the analysis examined whether the attitude of the entrepreneurs towards the tax evasions is influenced by the factors as company seat, annual turnover or number of employees. In several cases, the research confirmed an existence of dependence between attitude of entrepreneurs towards tax evasions and the factors stated above.
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Pechstein, Armin [Verfasser], Sabine [Gutachter] Attinger, and Nadim K. [Gutachter] Copty. "Innovative techniques for the characterization and interpretation of coastal aquifers : pumping test interpretation by means of the drawdown derivative to estimate aquifer heterogeneity / Armin Pechstein ; Gutachter: Sabine Attinger, Nadim K. Copty." Jena : Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena, 2017. http://d-nb.info/1177603160/34.
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Chu, XingRong. "Caractérisation expérimentale et prédiction de la formabilité d'un alliage d'aluminium en fonction de la température et de la vitesse de déformation." Phd thesis, INSA de Rennes, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00910093.
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Les procédés de mise en forme de tôles minces sont très largement répandus dans l'industrie. Néanmoins, l'utilisation de ces procédés est limitée par le niveau de formabilité du matériau formé, notamment dans le cas des alliages d'aluminium. Afin d'améliorer ces limites de formabilité, des procédés de mise en forme à chaud peuvent être envisagés. L'objectif de cette thèse est d'étudier à l'aide d'approches expérimentale et numérique l'effet de la température et de la vitesse de déformation sur la formabilité des tôles en alliage d'aluminium AA5086 et de proposer une modélisation capable de prédire ces effets. Une campagne d'essais a été réalisée sur ce matériau à partir d'un essai d'emboutissage de type Marciniak. Des courbes limites de formage (CLF) ont été établies sur une plage de température allant de l'ambiant jusqu'à 200°C et pour des vitesses de déformation allant du quasi-statique à 2s-1. Des effets, positif de la température et négatif de la vitesse de déformation sur la formabilité ont été mis en évidence. La prise en compte des effets de la température et de la vitesse de déformation dans les modèles prédictifs des CLF, qu'ils soient analytiques ou numériques, est à ce jour très limitée. Dans ce travail, un modèle numérique prédictif basé sur la simulation par éléments finis du modèle géométrique de Marciniak et Kuczynski (M-K) est proposé. Les déformations limites obtenues avec de ce modèle sont très sensibles à la description du comportement thermo-viscoplastique du matériau et à la calibration du défaut géométrique pilotant l'apparition de la striction dans le modèle M-K. Des essais de traction uniaxiale réalisés dans les mêmes conditions opératoires que les essais de mise en forme de Marciniak ont permis d'identifier des lois d'écrouissage de nature très différentes (rigidifiante, saturante ou mixte). Ces lois conduisent à des prédictions très différentes de la formabilité du matériau pour une valeur donnée du défaut géométrique du modèle EF M-K. Différentes stratégies de calibration de la taille de ce défaut initial ont été envisagées. L'utilisation du point expérimental de la CLF correspondant à des conditions de déformation plane permet de calibrer de manière satisfaisante la valeur de ce défaut. Cette procédure de calibration a été appliquée pour l'ensemble des lois identifiées. Les lois de nature rigidifiante de type Ludwick se sont montrées les plus effficaces alors que les lois saturante de type Voce se sont avérées incapables de prédire la formabilité du matériau pour certaines conditions opératoires. Finalement, il est démontré qu'une valeur constante du défaut géométrique ne peut être retenue pour l'ensemble des conditions opératoires étudiées même si le modèle M-K s'est avéré assez efficace pour représenter l'effet de la température plutôt que celui de la vitesse de déformation.
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Hunsaker, Heather Mae. "Predicting Maize Yield, Nutrient Concentration and Uptake in P and K Fertilized Soils: Pressurized Hot Water and Other Alternatives to Mehlich I Extraction in Guatemala Soils." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2006. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/941.
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The inaccessibility and cost of soil testing reduce effectiveness of fertilizer use on small-scale subsistence farms, and inadequate funding promotes adoption of soil tests in developing countries with minimal validation. For example, Mehlich-I extraction of phosphorus (P) currently used extensively in Guatemala may not be suitable for its broad range of soils. At least four alternatives are available but are relatively untested [Bray 1, Mehlich III, Olsen and pressurized hot water (PHW)]. Pressurized hot water is relatively simple and inexpensive, but is not yet tested against other extraction methods under variable P or potassium (K) fertilization levels. To determine whether PHW-extracted nutrients could be used to predict maize yield, as nutrient content and uptake, soil, plant tissue and grain samples were obtained from a multiple-site field study and calibration studies were conducted using five rates of P and three rates of K on soils incubated without plants or cropped with maize in greenhouse and field conditions. In the multiple-site field study, maize yield related significantly to PHW-extractable P (r2=0.36) and to leaf P concentration (r2=0.23), but Mehlich I did not. In the two soils used in the greenhouse study, maize yield, vegetative P concentration and total P uptake by maize were predicted by PHW extractable P (R2=0.72, 0.75 and 0.90, respectively). In the field experiment, grain yield was not improved by P or K application, but P content of maize leaf tissue did relate significantly with PHW-extracted P (R2=0.40), but Mehlich I did not. There were no yield responses to K application in any experiment, but relationships defined between extractable K for all five K-extraction procedures and soil applied K were similarly significant. In comparing P extraction methods, PHW was as good as or better than Olsen, Bray 1 and Mehlich III for relating soil P extraction to the parameters measured in these experiments, and these four alternative extraction methods were consistently better than Mehlich I. Mehlich I extraction should be replaced by one of the four alternatives tested, and PHW is the least expensive and, thus, most viable for use in Guatemala soils.
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Mismetti, Patrick. "Modélisation pharmacocinétique-pharmacodynamique par approche de population de deux antivitamines K, l'Acénocoumarol et la Warfarine : influence de l'éducation des malades et de l'observance au traitement sur la stabilité pharmacodynamique." Lyon 1, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001LYO1T018.
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Raghavan, Sathyanarayanan. "Experimental and theoretical study of on-chip back-end-of-line (BEOL) stack fracture during flip-chip reflow assembly." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/54298.
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With continued feature size reduction in microelectronics and with more than a billion transistors on a single integrated circuit (IC), on-chip interconnection has become a challenge in terms of processing-, electrical-, thermal-, and mechanical perspective. Today’s high-performance ICs have on-chip back-end-of-line (BEOL) layers that consist of copper traces and vias interspersed with low-k dielectric materials. These layers have thicknesses in the range of 100 nm near the transistors and 1000 nm away from the transistors close to the solder bumps. In such BEOL layered stacks, cracking and/or delamination is a common failure mode due to the low mechanical and adhesive strength of the dielectric materials as well as due to high thermally-induced stresses. However, there are no available cohesive zone models and parameters to study such interfacial cracks in sub-micron thick microelectronic layers.
This work focuses on developing framework based on cohesive zone modeling approach to study interfacial delamination in sub-micron thick layers. Such a framework is then successfully applied to predict microelectronic device reliability. As intentionally creating pre-fabricated cracks in such interfaces is difficult, this work examines a combination of four-point bend and double-cantilever beam tests to create initial cracks and to develop cohesive zone parameters over a range of mode-mixity. Similarly, a combination of four-point bend and end-notch flexure tests is used to cover additional range of mode-mixity. In these tests, silicon wafers obtained from wafer foundry are used for experimental characterization. The developed parameters are then used in actual microelectronic device to predict the onset and propagation of crack, and the results from such predictions are successfully validated with experimental data. In addition, nanoindenter-based shear test technique designed specifically for this study is demonstrated. The new test technique can address different mode mixities compared to the other interfacial fracture characterization tests, is sensitive to capture the change in fracture parameter due to changes in local trace pattern variations around the vicinity of bump and the test mimics the forces experienced by the bump during flip-chip assembly reflow process. Through this experimental and theoretical modeling research, guidelines are also developed for the reliable design of BEOL stacks for current and next-generation microelectronic devices.
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Watson, Robert Jeffrey. "A comparison study of Montana's intermediate and k-8 schools with regard to student performance on a criterion referenced test, incidence of at-risk behaviors, and perceptions of educators from both grade configurations." [Missoula, Mont.] : The University of Montana, 2009. http://etd.lib.umt.edu/theses/available/etd-03262009-143435/unrestricted/Watson_umt_0136D_10020.pdf.
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Thesis (Ed.D.) -- University of Montana, 2009.Title from author supplied metadata. Description based on contents viewed on June 11, 2009. ETD number: etd-03262009-143435. Author supplied keywords: at-risk behavior ; criterion referenced ; grade configuration ; intermediate school ; K-8 ; middle school. Includes bibliographical references.
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Radeschnig, David. "Modelling Implied Volatility of American-Asian Options : A Simple Multivariate Regression Approach." Thesis, Mälardalens högskola, Akademin för utbildning, kultur och kommunikation, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-28951.
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This report focus upon implied volatility for American styled Asian options, and a least squares approximation method as a way of estimating its magnitude. Asian option prices are calculated/approximated based on Quasi-Monte Carlo simulations and least squares regression, where a known volatility is being used as input. A regression tree then empirically builds a database of regression vectors for the implied volatility based on the simulated output of option prices. The mean squared errors between imputed and estimated volatilities are then compared using a five-folded cross-validation test as well as the non-parametric Kruskal-Wallis hypothesis test of equal distributions. The study results in a proposed semi-parametric model for estimating implied volatilities from options. The user must however be aware of that this model may suffer from bias in estimation, and should thereby be used with caution.
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Thomas, Eugene M. "A Meta-Analytic Investigation Examining Effective Characteristics of Professional Development in K-12 Education Since the Inception of the No Child Left Behind Act of 2002." Youngstown State University / OhioLINK, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ysu1370956977.
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Barai, Paramita. "Modeling the Power Evolution of Classical Double Radio Galaxies over Cosmological Scales." Digital Archive @ GSU, 2006. http://digitalarchive.gsu.edu/phy_astr_diss/9.
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During the quasar era (redshifts between 1 and 3) Radio Galaxies (RGs) have been claimed to have substantially influenced the growth and evolution of large scale structures in the universe. In this dissertation I test the robustness of these exciting claims. In order to probe the impacts in more detail, good theoretical models for such RG systems are required. With this motivation, I seek to develop an essentially analytical model for the evolution of Fanaroff-Riley Class II radio galaxies both as they age individually and as their numbers vary with cosmological epoch. To do so, I first compare three sophisticated semi-analytical models for the dynamical and radio lobe power evolution of FR II galaxies, those given by Kaiser, Dennett-Thorpe & Alexander (1997, KDA), Blundell, Rawlings, & Willott (1999, BRW) and Manolakou & Kirk (2002, MK). I perform multi-dimensional Monte Carlo simulations leading to virtual radio surveys. The predictions of each model for redshift, radio power (at 151 MHz), linear size and spectral index are then compared with data. The observational samples are the low frequency radio surveys, 3CRR, 6CE and 7CRS, which are flux-limited and redshift complete. I next perform extensive statistical tests to compare the distributions of model radio source parameters and those of the observational samples. The statistics used are the 1-Dimensional and 2-Dimensional Kolmogorov-Smirnov (K-S) tests and the 4-variable Spearman partial rank correlation coefficient. I search for and describe the "best" parameters for each model. I then produced modifications to each of the three original models, and extensively compare the original and the modified model performances in fitting the data. The key result of my dissertation is that using the Radio Luminosity Function of Willott et al. (2001) as the redshift birth function of radio sources, the KDA and MK models perform better than the BRW models in fitting the 3CRR, 6CE and 7CRS survey data when using K-S based statistical tests, and the KDA model provides the best fits to the correlation coefficients. However, no pre-existing or modified model can provide adequate fits for the spectral indices. I also calculate the volume fraction of the relevant universe filled by the generations of radio galaxies over the quasar era. This volume filling factor is not as large as estimated earlier. Nonetheless, the allowed ranges of various model parameters produce a rather wide range of astrophysically interesting relevant volume fraction values. I conclude that the expanding RGs born during the quasar era may still play significant roles in the cosmological history of the universe.
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Ballnérová, Petra. "Ekotoxikologické testy a jejich aplikace k hodnocení vedlejších energetických produktů." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta chemická, 2009. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-216557.
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The energetic byproducts are a part of energetic wastes which are residues of fuels combustion or also the residues of flue-gas cleaning. Their following application can impact the terrestrial and subsequently also aquatic ecosystems. With respect to these reasons it is necessary to deal with their possible ecotoxicity. Within the framework of this diploma thesis water leaches from the byproducts’ samples were prepared and subsequently ecotoxicaly tested. Three alternative toxicity tests on aquatic organisms were used: Thamnotoxkit FTM and a Rapidtoxkit FTM on sense organisms Thamnocephalus platyurus and Daphtoxkit FTM on sense organisms Daphnia magna. Standard tests of fytotoxicity were also used; Sinapis alba root growth inhibition test and Lemna minor growth inhibition test. The values of EC50, LC50 and IC50 were determined and ecotoxicity of energetic byproducts was evaluated.
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Toigo, Eduardo von Poser. "Efeitos a longo prazo de diferentes separações dos filhotes no período neonatal sobre as genitoras." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/29011.
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Esse estudo foi realizado para verificar se a exposição a separações repetidas (por diferentes intervalos de tempo) de mães dos seus filhotes no período neonatal poderiam ser classificadas como indutoras de um estado do tipo deprimido em genitoras. Sessenta ratas Wistar prenhes foram divididas em 3 grupos: controle, separação por 10 minutos e separação por 3 horas. As intervenções neonatais foram realizadas nos dias 1-10 pós parto. Após o desmame as genitoras foram submetidas ao teste do nado forçado, ao teste do labirinto em cruz elevado e ao teste do odor de predador. Também foi avaliado o comportamento alimentar e os padrões de reatividade a um sabor doce e a um sabor amargo. Foi medido os níveis de ocitocina no líquido cefaloraquidiano, corticosterona plasmática e atividade hipocampal Na+, K+-ATPase, assim como a atividade das enzimas antioxidantes catalase, glutationa peroxidase, superoxido dismutase, produção de radicais livres, e a produção de óxido nítrico, além dos níveis dos receptores A2A de adenosina e D2 de dopamina no estriado dorsoventral e no hipocampo. Foi observado que somente a separação por 3 h induziu um aumento significativo no tempo de imobilidade no teste do nado forçado, o que é consistente com estudos prévios. A atividade hipocampal da Na+, K+-ATPase se mostrou diminuída no grupo separado por 10 minutos e mais significativamente diminuída nas genitoras submetidas a separação por 3 horas de seus filhotes. Adicionalmente, os níveis de ocitocina no líquido cefaloraquidiano se encontravam aumentados no grupo separado por 10 minutos, o que pode estar relacionado a um aumento no cuidado materno, induzido por esta manipulação dos filhotes, por parte das genitoras, como reportado na literatura. Uma redução nos níveis de óxido nítrico no hipocampo das genitoras separadas por 3 horas foi observado Nessas genitoras também foi verificado um aumento no comportamento de risco, uma diminuição no sentimento prazeroso frente a uma solução doce e aumento na sensibilidade a uma solução aversiva, o que é congruente a um perfil de estado do tipo deprimido. Além disso, nós verificamos uma diminuição na quantidade do receptor de dopamina D2 no estriado das mães submetidas a separação por 3 horas dos filhotes, o que poderia ser relacionado com uma diminuição no prazer (anedonia) que acontece na depressão. Conclui-se que a retirada dos filhotes das mães por longos períodos tornam essas mães mais susceptíveis ao desenvolvimento de características depressivas.This study was carried out to ascertain whether exposure to repeated separations (different times) of mothers from their pups in the neonatal period could be classified as an induction of a depressive-like state in dams. Sixty Wistar rats were divided into 3 groups: control, brief separation and long-term separation. The neonatal interventions were done on postpartum days 1-10. After weaning, the dams were subjected to the forced swimming test, elevated plus maze and predator odor test. It was also evaluated the feeding behavior and the taste reactivity patterns to a sweet and to a bitter solution. It was mesaured cerebral spinal fluid oxytocin, plasma corticosterone, and hippocampal Na+, K+-ATPase activity, as well as the activity of the antioxidant enzymes catalase, glutathione peroxidase, superoxide dismutase, free radicals production, and the production of nitric oxide and the levels of adenosine A2A and dopamine D2 receptors in the dorsoventral striatum and hippocampus. It was observed that only the 3 h separation induced a significant increase in the immobility time of rats in the forced swimming test, which is consistent with previous studies. Hippocampal Na+, K+-ATPase activity was decreased in the brief separated group and more significantly decreased in dams subjected to 3h separation from their pups. Additionally, cerebral spinal fluid oxytocin was increased in dams of the brief separated group, which may be related to the increased handled-induced maternal care, as reported in the literature. A reduction in nitric oxide levels in the hippocampus in dams of the long separated group was also observed. It was also verify an increase in the risk-taking behavior by the 3h separated mothers. The 3h separated mother also demonstrated a diminished feeling of pleasure with a sucrose solution and a increased sensibility to a aversive solution, wich is congruent with a depressive like state profile. Furthermore, we shown a decrease in the dopamine D2 receptor quantity in the striatum of the 3 h separated mothers, wich could be related to a decrease in pleasure feeling (anhedonia) experienced in depression. It is concluded that the withdrawal of pups from their mothers for long periods make the mothers more susceptible to the development of depressive features.
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Li, Yanjun. "High Performance Text Document Clustering." Wright State University / OhioLINK, 2007. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=wright1181005422.
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