Journal articles: 'Test preparation; AP Physics'

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Li, Guo Ping, Lian Hua Shen, Bao Ming Zheng, Min Xia, and Yun Jun Luo. "The Preparation and Properties of AP-Based Nano-Limit Growth Energetic Materials." Advanced Materials Research 924 (April 2014): 105–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.924.105.

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AP-based nanolimit growth energetic materials (NLGEM) were prepared by using SiO2 gel as nanolimit growth skeleton materials and using sol-gel method combining solution crystallization to make AP recrystallized in the nanopores of SiO2 gel skeleton to form AP/SiO2 NLGEM. The chemical and physical structure and properties of AP/SiO2 NLGEM were studied in detail. AP with nanoscale particles size range from 69nm to108nm was recrystallized in the pore of SiO2 gel skeleton and the particle size of AP increased with the amount of AP in NLGEM increasing. Moreover, the preparation method didnt change the crystal form of AP and bring impurities to NLGEM. The decomposition of AP/SiO2 NLGEM was a one-step process, which was indicated its decomposition was more concentrate than pure AP and AP/SiO2 simple physical mixture (AP/SiO2 SPM), whose decomposition was a two-step process. At the time, the decomposition heat of AP/SiO2 NLGEM was higher than that of pure AP and AP/SiO2 SPM. The sensitivity of AP/SiO2 NLGEM was lower than those of the pure energetic components and physical mixtures according to the impact sensitivity test.

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PRICE, E. W. "Dependence of AP Deflagration Rate on Details of Test Sample Preparation." Combustion Science and Technology 140, no. 1-6 (December 1998): 469–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00102209808915784.

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Strzyżewska, Dorota. "Właściwości układu oddechowego młodzieży warszawskiej a zanieczyszczenie środowiska." Studia Ecologiae et Bioethicae 7, no. 1 (June 30, 2009): 49–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.21697/seb.2009.7.1.03.

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This work presents studies on secondary school children inhabiting two regions of Warsaw: Śródmieście (Central part) and Międzylesie (East part). These two locations significantly differ according to air pollution, which is much higher in Śródmieście than in Międzylesie. the sample consist of 219 boys and 225 girls aged 13-16 years. The main aim of this work concerns the evaluation of physical development (body height and weight, BMI and chest circumference, Marty index – chest circ./height) and respiratory parameters (VC, Ziemssen index – VC/height, MV, FEV1 RR, TV, IRV, ERV, Ap) of studied children depending on the place of residence. The data were presented in “z” scores and the difference was calculated using t-test for independent samples. The results show that there were not significant differences in body build as well as in most respiratory functions between children from the Central and East parts of Warsaw. The significant differences were found for IRV and Ap which were greater in children from Śródmieście and for TV and MV which were greater in girls from Międzylesie. The more detailed analysis of these studies, including data concerning living conditions of studied children and smoking habits within their families is under preparation.

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Herlina, Herlina, Aswin Falahudin, Irfan Gustian, Agus Martono H. Putranto, Morina Adfa, and Salprima Yudha S. "Membran Alginat Padina sp. - Polietilen Glikol (AP-PEG): Preparasi, Karakterisasi dan Aplikasinya sebagai Enkapsulan." ALCHEMY Jurnal Penelitian Kimia 17, no. 1 (March 8, 2021): 63. http://dx.doi.org/10.20961/alchemy.17.1.41713.63-73.

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Pengembangan penelitian tentang material berbasiskan sumber daya alam lokal dan dapat diperbaharui terus dikembangkan akhir-akhir ini. Hal tersebut didasari adanya kebutuhan material baru dengan karakteristik yang lebih menguntungkan dan dapat digunakan pada aplikasi yang spesifik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari preparasi membran alginat-polietilen glikol (AP-PEG) dan aplikasinya sebagai enkapsulan. Alginat yang digunakan adalah hasil ekstraksi dari rumput laut cokelat Padina sp. Dengan metode maserasi jalur asam alginat. Preparasi membrane alginat Padina sp.-polietilen glikol (AP-PEG) dilakukan dengan perbandingan PEG-AP = 1:5; 1:10; 1:15; 0:1 (b/b). Analisis gugus fungsi terhadap seluruh membran yang dihasilkan, menunjukkan bahwa membran AP-PEG yang dihasilkan diprediksi sebagai hasil blending secara fisika karena tidak ada gugus fungsi baru yang terbentuk. Membran dengan perbandingan berat PEG-AP=1:15 memiliki karakteristik terbaik dengan persentase swelling sebesar 1465,5%, stress sebesar 14,588 MPa, strain 0,07 dan Modulus Young sebesar 193,13 MPa. Hasil analisis morfologi menunjukkan bahwa banyak rongga ditemukan pada membrane tersebut. Hasil uji disolusi terhadap membrane tersebut menunjukkan bahwa, pada pH 1,2 membran tersebut dapat melepaskan vitamin C sebesar 78,12% selama 60 menit dan tidak mengalami cracking. Di sisi lain, pada pH 7,2 membran tersebut dapat melepaskan vitamin C sebesar 83,54% dan cracking terjadi dalam waktu 12 menit. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa komposit AP-PEG dapat dibuat dari rumput laut coklat dan memiliki kemampuan sebagai enkapsulan. Alginate Padina sp.-Polyethylene Glycol (AP-PEG) Membranes: Preparation, Characterization and Their Application as Encapsulant. The development of research on materials based on local and renewable natural resources has been continuously being developed recently. This is based on the need for new materials with more favorable characteristics and can be used in specific applications. This research aims to study the synthesis of alginate-polyethylene glycol (AP-PEG) membranes and their application as an encapsulant. The alginate was extracted from the brown seaweed Padina sp. by maceration method using alginic acid pathway. Alginate Padina sp.-polyethylene glycol (AP-PEG) alginate membrane was prepared with a ratio of PEG:AP = 1: 5, 1:10, 1:15 and 0:1 (w/w). The functional group analysis showed that the resulting AP-PEG membranes were predicted as a result of physical blending due to no new functional groups are formed. The membrane with a weight ratio of PEG:AP = 1:15 had the best characteristics, with a percentage of swelling of 1465.5%, stress of 14.588 MPa, 0.07 strain, and Young Modulus of 193.13 MPa. Morphological analysis showed that the membrane obtained had many cavities. The dissolution test showed that the AP-PEG membrane was able to release vitamin C of 78.12% for 60 minutes at pH 1.2 and no cracking was observed, while at pH 7.2 the membrane was able to distribute vitamin C by 83.54% and cracking occurs within 12 minutes. The results of this study indicate that AP-PEG composites can be made from brown seaweed and have good encapsulant capabilities.

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Taufik, M., Harni Sutiani, and Andri Dwi Hernawan. "Pengetahuan, Peran Orang Tua dan Persepsi Remaja terhadap Preferensi Usia Ideal Menikah." Jurnal Vokasi Kesehatan 4, no. 2 (July 31, 2018): 63. http://dx.doi.org/10.30602/jvk.v4i2.77.

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Abstract: Knowledge, Parental Roles, And Adolescents Perception Toward Preference Of Ideal Age Of Marriage . Marriage is a bond born of inner and between a man and a woman as the husband and wife with the aim of forming a happy family and eternal. Necessary preparations towards domestic life. Age is one of the most important considerations to get married, as it associates with maturity and proper relation-ship to commit someone’s life to someone else. Right age is also essential to determine the physical, mental, and financial readiness. This study aimed at de-termining the correlation of knowledge on maturity in marriage , parental roles, perception on early marriage, and the preference of ideal age of marriage in Kecamatan Sungai Raya, Kabupaten Kubu Raya. Using cross sectional ap-proach, 240 adolescents aged 15-19 years participated in this study. This study was conducted from October-December 2016. The samples were selected by us-ing rapid survey method. The data were analyzed and processed through computerization, and statistically tested by using chi square test. The study shows that there were correlations of knowledge on maturity in marriage (p-value = 0,003), parental roles (p value = 0,002) and perception on early marriage (p val-ue = 0.037) with ideal age of marriage. From the findings, students are encour-aged to take part in positive activities such as boy scouts, the red cross youth, adolescent counseling and information center, and mosque teens, for parents can follow youth community development to provide information that is complete and correct to the teens about the growth and development of adolescents as well as premarital preparation, National Population and Family Planning Board (BKKBN) need to work together to control and reduce the number of early.Abstrak: Pengetahuan, Peran Orang Tua Dan Persepsi Remaja Terhadap Preferensi Usia Ideal Menikah. Perkawinan adalah ikatan lahir batin antara seorang pria dan wanita sebagai suami istri untuk membentuk keluarga bahagia dan kekal. Diperlukan persiapan menuju kehidupan rumah tangga. Salah satunya adalah usia yang tepat, hal ini dimaksudkan agar siap dan matang dari segi fisik, psikis, mental dan ekonomi. Penelitian bertujuan mengetahui hubungan antara pengetahuan tentang pendewasaan usia perkawinan, peran orang tua dan persepsi tentang per-nikahan usia dini dengan preferensi usia ideal menikah remaja di Kecamatan Sungai Raya Kabupaten Kubu Raya. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan cross sectional dengan jumlah sampel 240 remaja usia 15–19 tahun yang dilaksanakan bulan Oktober–Desember 2016. Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan metode survey cepat. Pengolahan dan analisis data menggunakan komputerisasi. Uji Statistik menggunakan uji chi square. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan ada hubungan antara pengetahuan tentang pendewasaan usia perkawinan (p value = 0,003), peran orang tua (p value =0,002) dan persepsi tentang pernikahan usia dini (p value = 0,037) dengan preferensi usia menikah remaja. Remaja disarankan mengikuti kegiatan seperti pramuka, PMR, remaja masjid, PIK Remaja, bagi orang tua dapat mengikuti Bina Keluarga Remaja agar memberikan informasi lengkap dan benar tentang pertumbuhan dan perkembangan remaja serta persiapan pranikah, BKKBN dan instansi terkait bersinergi dalam menekan terjadinya angka pernikahan pada usia tidak ideal.

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Zhao, Jun, Wei Liang Zhou, and Fu Ming Xu. "Preparation of Carbon-Coated Nano-Fe, Co Particles and their Effects on the Thermal Decomposition of Ammonium Perchlorate." Advanced Materials Research 152-153 (October 2010): 309–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.152-153.309.

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Nano Metal/C (Metal=Fe, Co) composite materials, in which nano iron and cobalt particles were uniformly distributed in carbon matrix, was prepared by pyrolysis of M-exchanged cation exchange resin(M-PAA). X-ray diffraction (XRD), Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM) results showed the particle size and morphology of nano iron and cobalt in M/C could be controlled by pyrolytic temperature. The particle size of Co and Fe in M/C obtained at 500 was respectively 15-40 nm and 10-35 nm. DTA was employed to test the thermal decomposition of ammonium perchlorate (AP) in the M/C and AP mixture. Results indicated the decomposition temperature at high-temperature decomposition of AP was lowered with the addition of amount of M/C-500, and the high temperature decomposition peaks of AP respectively lowered as much as 145.2°Cand 68.3°C with adding amount of 5% of Co/C and Fe/C obtained at 500 . The high and low temperature decomposition peaks of AP overlapped with addition of Co/C.

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Klopfenstein, Kristin. "The Advanced Placement Expansion of the 1990s:How Did Traditionally Underserved Students Fare?" education policy analysis archives 12 (December 12, 2004): 68. http://dx.doi.org/10.14507/epaa.v12n68.2004.

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The College Board’s Advanced Placement (AP) Program, which allows students to take college-level courses while in high school, enjoyed tremendous growth in the 1990s. Despite overall growth, small rural schools and high poverty schools continue to offer relatively few AP courses, and black, Hispanic, and low income students remain grossly underrepresented in AP classes. During the 1990s, AP incentive programs primarily subsidized test fees for low income students, but this provided no incentive for low income and rural schools to expand their AP course offerings and did nothing to strengthen the weak academic preparation of low income, black and Hispanic students. Recent federal funding changes provide a step in the right direction by supporting a comprehensive approach to increasing the AP access and participation of traditionally underserved students.

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Gao, Kun, Guoping Li, Yunjun Luo, Lu Wang, Lianhua Shen, and Gang Wang. "Preparation and characterization of the AP/Al/Fe2O3 ternary nano-thermites." Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry 118, no. 1 (July 24, 2014): 43–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10973-014-3955-4.

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Lijuan, Long, He Wentao, Li Juan, Xiang Yushu, Qin Shuhao, and Yu Jie. "Effects of AP and AP-ethyl on the properties of PA6." Journal of Thermoplastic Composite Materials 31, no. 12 (December 28, 2017): 1609–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0892705717743289.

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In this work, the effects of inorganic phosphinate flame retardant of aluminum hypophosphite (AP) and organic phosphinate flame retardant of ethyl substituted phosphinates (AP-ethyl) on the thermal degradation, flame performance, and mechanical properties of polyamide 6 (PA6) were investigated. Scanning electron micrograph showed AP with the shape of bulk and the mean size of 8 μm while AP-ethyl with irregular shape and the mean size of 30 μm. Thermal analysis indicated that the thermal degradation behavior of flame-retardant PA6 was different from pure PA6. Moreover, the cone calorimeter test results revealed that peak heat release rate (PHRR) of PA6/AP (85/15) and PA6/AP-ethyl (85/15) decreased by 51% and 64%, respectively, compared with pure PA6. Furthermore, pure PA6 showed ductile stress–strain curve with the tensile strength of 54.8 MPa. However, PA6/AP and PA6/AP-ethyl displayed brittle stress–strain curve and their tensile strength decreased to 52.3 and 47.1 MPa, respectively. In addition, pure PA6 showed a glossy and tough fracture surface morphology. The rough fracture surface morphologies for PA6/AP and PA6/AP-ethyl were observed, and the interface of PA6/AP was more obscure than that of PA6/AP-ethyl. Consequently, the small particle size of AP had a more uniform dispersion in PA6 matrix.

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Buonviri, Nathan O., and Andrew S. Paney. "Melodic Dictation Instruction." Journal of Research in Music Education 63, no. 2 (July 2015): 224–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0022429415584141.

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Based on relevant literature and recent qualitative findings, the purpose of this survey research was to identify pedagogical approaches to melodic dictation employed by Advanced Placement (AP) Music Theory teachers across the United States. The researcher-designed survey questions focused on pitch and rhythm skills, instructional resources, dictation strategies, test-taking skills, and characteristics of successful dictation students. The survey was distributed online to a stratified random sample of 875 AP Music Theory teachers across the United States. Of these recipients, 398 participants from 49 states and the District of Columbia completed the survey, yielding a 45.5% return rate. Results indicated that teachers preferred pitch systems that emphasized scale degree function and rhythm systems that emphasized the meter. Participants also reported the influence of the AP exam on their dictation teaching and described their need for additional instructional time and better preparation for teaching aural skills. Suggestions for further research include similar studies of other populations, including high school teachers of other theory courses and college theory instructors.

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Yun-Fei, Liu, Chen Yu, Shi Liang, and Yao Wei-Shang. "Preparation of BAPComposite Particles and Their Effects on Rheological Properties of HTPB/B/AP Slurries." Journal of Energetic Materials 32, no. 2 (September 11, 2013): 71–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/07370652.2011.569830.

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Arslan, Cagrialp, and Mehmet Dogan. "The effects of fiber silane modification on the mechanical performance of chopped basalt fiber/ABS composites." Journal of Thermoplastic Composite Materials 33, no. 11 (February 25, 2019): 1449–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0892705719829515.

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The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of silane coupling agent modifications on the mechanical performance of the basalt fiber (BF)-reinforced acrylonitrile–butadiene–styrene (ABS) composites. Three different silane coupling agents were used. The mechanical properties of the composites were determined by the tensile, flexural, impact tests, and dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA). According to the test results, the tensile strength increased with the use of (3-aminopropyl) triethoxysilane (AP) and 3-(trimethoxysilyl) propylmethacrylate (MA), while the use of (3-glycidyloxypropyl) trimethoxysilane (GP) reduced the tensile strength. All the silane modifications improved the flexural strength and modulus and the highest improvement was achieved with the use of AP. No remarkable difference was observed in impact properties with the use of silane coupling agents. The addition of BF significantly improved the elastic modulus of the ABS regardless of the modification type, while the further improvements were achieved through the use of AP and MA. In brief, AP showed the highest performance among the studied silane coupling agents due to the covalent bond formation between the amino group of AP and the nitrile group of styrene–acrylonitrile (SAN) matrix.

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Ma, Zhenye, Cheng Li, Rujun Wu, Rizhi Chen, and Zhenggui Gu. "Preparation and characterization of superfine ammonium perchlorate (AP) crystals through ceramic membrane anti-solvent crystallization." Journal of Crystal Growth 311, no. 21 (October 2009): 4575–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcrysgro.2009.06.008.

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Ausiello, C. M., R. Lande, P. Stefanelli, C. Fazio, G. Fedele, R. Palazzo, F. Urbani, and P. Mastrantonio. "T-Cell Immune Response Assessment as a Complement to Serology and Intranasal Protection Assays in Determining the Protective Immunity Induced by Acellular Pertussis Vaccines in Mice." Clinical Diagnostic Laboratory Immunology 10, no. 4 (July 2003): 637–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/cdli.10.4.637-642.2003.

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ABSTRACT The relative value of antibodies and/or T-cell immune responses to Bordetella pertussis antigens in the immunity induced by acellular pertussis (aP) vaccines is still an open issue, probably due to the incomplete knowledge on the mechanisms of protective immunity to pertussis. The relevance of T-cell immune responses in protection from pertussis has been demonstrated in murine and human models of infection; thus, in this study, the ability of different vaccine preparations of three component (pertussis toxin, filamentous hemagglutinin, and pertactin) aP vaccines to induce T-cell responses was investigated in mice. All vaccine preparations examined passed the immunogenicity control test, based on antibody titer assessment, according to European Pharmacopoeia standards, and protected mice from B. pertussis intranasal challenge, but not all preparations were able to prime T cells to pertussis toxin, the specific B. pertussis antigen. In particular, one vaccine preparation was unable to induce proliferation and gamma interferon (IFN-γ) production while the other two gave borderline results. The evaluation of T-cell responses to pertussis toxin antigen may provide information on the protective immunity induced by aP vaccines in animal models. Considering the critical role of the axis interleukin-12-IFN-γ for protection from pertussis, our results suggest that testing the induction of a key protective cytokine such as IFN-γ could be an additional tool for the evaluation of the immune response induced by aP vaccines.

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Smagur, Andrzej, Iwona Mitrus, Sebastian Giebel, Agnieszka Ciomber, Joanna Gliwinska, Katarzyna Panczyniak, Maria Sadus-Wojciechowska, and Jerzy Holowiecki. "Comparision Of Different Cryoprotective Solution - Albumin Vs Autologous Plasma - Its Effect On Cell Recovery and Clonogenic Potential Of Cryopreserved Peripheral Blood Hematopoietic Stem and Progenitor Cells." Blood 122, no. 21 (November 15, 2013): 4522. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v122.21.4522.4522.

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Background Peripheral blood is a preferable source of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) used for autologous transplantation. HSPCs are mobilized to peripheral blood and collected by leukapheresis. Prior to cryopreservation the cells need to be processed including the addition of cryoprotective mixture as dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) prediluted in human serum albumin solution (HSAS). In Europe there is no commercially available albumin manufactured in packs with tubing which would enable the use of sterile tubing welder. Alternatively cryoprotective solution can be prepared using autologous plasma (AP) obtained during the same leukapheresis, allowing for the preparation of HSPCs in a completely closed system and hence to reduce the risk of contamination. The goal of our study was to test if the HSAS may be replaced by autologous plasma without negative impact on cell recovery and clonogenicity. Methods Samples were prospectively collected from 18 patients with multiple myeloma (n=13) and lymphomas (n=5) mobilized with chemotherapy combined with G-CSF. Small volumes (1.5 ml) of cell suspensions obtained from the leukapheresis products were divided into 2 parts (0,5ml) placed in separate small vials, each containing different cryoprotective mixture - 5% HSAS or AP with a final 7.5% DMSO concentration. The final volume of cell suspensions equaling 1 ml, the cell concentration (0.7–1.5 × 108 /ml). The cells were frozen in IceCube, using a computer controlled cooling program and stored in liquid nitrogen for 2 - 4 months. Concentration of total protein and individual electrophoretic fractions of plasma proteins were measured. The quality of cryoprotective mixtures was evaluated by cell recovery and clonogenic potential. The recovery was determined by comparing number of living cells before and after cryopreservation, using trypan blue staining. Clonogenic potential was carried out by colony forming unit (CFU) assays. Depending on CD34+ percentage, 5-40 × 103 living cells were plated (in triplicates) in MethoCult medium and cultured for 14 days. Results The median recovery of nucleated cells for AP was 68.3% (range 40.6-96.1) and was similar to HSAS 68.5%, (41.7-100); (p=0.3; Wilcoxon matched pairs test). The number of CFUs calculated per 100 000 cryopreserved cells did not differ significantly between tested cryoprotective mixture: 187.3 (11.3-806.3) for albumin, 130.5 (15-924.2) for autologous plasma (p=0.5; Wilcoxon matched pairs test). No significant differences were observed when the number of specific types of CFUs were compared. Neither total protein nor albumin concentration of plasma correlated with the clonogenic potential of the leukapheresis product cryopreserved in AP when samples from patients with higher concentration than median were compared with the other (Mann-Whitney U test). Between January and July 2013 more than 50 successful transplants of autologous HSPCs cryopreserved with 7.5% DMSO prediluted in autologous plasma were performed in our Department. Conclusions Commercially available human serum albumin can be replaced by autologous plasma in procedure of HSPCs cryopreservation. The use of autologous plasma for cryoprotective mixture preparation does not appear to negatively affect cell recovery and clonogenic potential of leukapheresis product. The advantage of such solution is possibility of HSPCs preparation in closed system to reduce risk of auto-HSCT product contamination to the minimum. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.

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Ma, Shu Qiong, Hai Hui Bai, Ran Jin, Qing Song Zhang, Xiao Nan Zheng, and Heng Shui Zhang. "Synthesis and Characterization of Magnetic Fe₃O₄/PAAm/LMSH Nanocomposite Hydrogel." Materials Science Forum 848 (March 2016): 49–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.848.49.

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Based on the preparation of polyacrylamide/clays lithium magnesium silicate hydrate (PAAm/LMSH, abbreviated as AP) nanocomposite hydrogel by in-situ free radical polymerization, Fe3O4 nanoparticles were introduced by chemical co-precipitation method, to form magnetic Fe3O4/PAAm/LMSH (abbreviated as MAP) nanocomposite hydrogel. With ESEM, XRD, and TGA technologies, the structures of MAP nanocomposite hydrogel and Fe3O4 nanoparticles formed. Magnetic characteristic of MAP nanocomposite hydrogel was characterized by VSM. The tensile test with Universal Testing Machine was employed for mechanical properties. Furthermore, taking cationic dye Crystal Violet (CV) and anionic dye Methyl Orange (MO) for example, the adsorption properties of MAP nanocomposite hydrogel were analyzed with UV-visible spectrophotometer method. The results show that MAP nanocomposite hydrogel had strong superparamagnetic properties. The introduced Fe3O4 magnetic particles illustrated spinel structure, and nanoparticle size of 8.52 nm. The swelling rate of MAP sample was up to 30.542, showing excellent swelling ability. Compared with AP nanocomposite hydrogel, MAP nanocomposite hydrogel had stronger mechanical strength with the tensile stress of 0.39MPa. Adsorption experiments indicated that MAP nanocomposite hydrogel had favorable adsorption properties on CV with removal rate of 97.6%, 1.27 times that of AP nanocomposite hydrogel. The conclusions confirm the application prospect of MAP nanocomposite hydrogel as dye adsorbent in textile printing and dyeing wastewater treatment.

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ANDERSON, JOHN D., SLAVA G. TURYSHEV, and MICHAEL MARTIN NIETO. "A MISSION TO TEST THE PIONEER ANOMALY." International Journal of Modern Physics D 11, no. 10 (December 2002): 1545–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218271802002876.

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Analysis of the radio tracking data from the Pioneer 10/11 spacecraft has consistently indicated the presence of an anomalous small Doppler frequency drift. The drift can be interpreted as being due to a constant acceleration of aP = (8.74 ± 1.33) × 10-8 cm/s 2 directed towards the Sun. Although it is suspected that there is a systematic origin to the effect, none has been found. The nature of this anomaly has become of growing interest in the fields of relativistic cosmology, astro- and gravitational physics as well as in the areas of spacecraft design and high-precision navigation. We present a concept for a designated deep-space mission to test the discovered anomaly. A number of critical requirements and design considerations for such a mission are outlined and addressed.

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Zhang, Chenhui, Guoping Li, and Yunjun Luo. "Preparation of Al/CuO/PG nanocomposite and catalytic effect on thermal decomposition of AP." Integrated Ferroelectrics 191, no. 1 (July 24, 2018): 151–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10584587.2018.1457386.

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Tingming, Fu, Chen Weifan, Gu Zhiming, Liu Lin, and Li Fengsheng. "Preparation of CuO Modified SBA-15 and Applications as Catalyst in AP/HTPB Solid State Propellants." Combustion Science and Technology 181, no. 6 (June 4, 2009): 892–901. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00102200902900573.

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Ficker, Tomáš. "GENERAL MODEL OF RADIATIVE AND CONVECTIVE HEAT TRANSFER IN BUILDINGS: PART I: ALGEBRAIC MODEL OF RADIATIVE HEAT TRANSFER." Acta Polytechnica 59, no. 3 (July 1, 2019): 211–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.14311/ap.2019.59.0211.

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Radiative heat transfer is the most effective mechanism of energy transport inside buildings. One of the methods capable of computing the radiative heat transport is based on the system of algebraic equations. The algebraic method has been initially developed by mechanical engineers for wide range of thermal engineering problems. The first part of the present serial paper describes the basic features of the algebraic model and illustrates its applicability in the field of building physics. The computations of radiative heat transfer both in building enclosures and also in open building envelopes are discussed and their differences explained. The present paper serves as a preparation stage for the development of a more general model evaluating heat losses of buildings. The general model comprises both the radiative and convective heat transfers and is presented in the second part of this serial contribution.

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Severi, Stefano, Cristiana Corsi, and Elisabetta Cerbai. "From in vivo plasma composition to in vitro cardiac electrophysiology and in silico virtual heart: the extracellular calcium enigma." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences 367, no. 1896 (June 13, 2009): 2203–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2009.0032.

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In spite of its potential impact on simulation results, the problem of setting the appropriate Ca 2+ concentration ([Ca 2+ ] o ) in computational cardiac models has not yet been properly considered. Usually [Ca 2+ ] o values are derived from in vitro electrophysiology. Unfortunately, [Ca 2+ ] o in the experiments is set significantly far (1.8 or 2 mM) from the physiological [Ca 2+ ] in blood (1.0–1.3 mM). We analysed the inconsistency of [Ca 2+ ] o among in vivo , in vitro and in silico studies and the dependence of cardiac action potential (AP) duration (APD) on [Ca 2+ ] o . Laboratory measurements confirmed the difference between standard extracellular solutions and normal blood [Ca 2+ ]. Experimental data on human atrial cardiomyocytes confirmed literature data, demonstrating an inverse relationship between APD and [Ca 2+ ] o . Sensitivity analysis of APD on [Ca 2+ ] o for five of the most used cardiac cell models was performed. Most of the models responded with AP prolongation to increases in [Ca 2+ ] o , i.e. opposite to the AP shortening observed in vitro and in vivo. Modifications to the Ten Tusscher–Panfilov model were implemented to demonstrate that qualitative consistency among in vivo , in vitro and in silico studies can be achieved. The Courtemanche atrial model was used to test the effect of changing [Ca 2+ ] o on quantitative predictions about the effect of K + current blockade. The present analysis suggests that (i) [Ca 2+ ] o in cardiac AP models should be changed from 1.8 to 2 mM to approximately 1.15 mM in order to reproduce in vivo conditions, (ii) the sensitivity to [Ca 2+ ] o of ventricular AP models should be improved in order to simulate real conditions, (iii) modifications to the formulation of Ca 2+ -dependent I CaL inactivation can make models more suitable to analyse AP when [Ca 2+ ] o is set to lower physiological values, and (iv) it could be misleading to use non-physiological high [Ca 2+ ] o when the quantitative analysis of in vivo pathophysiological mechanisms is the ultimate aim of simulation.

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Väisa, Leili, Jaan Ereline, Mati Pääsuke, and Tatjana Kums. "The effect of Estonian folk dance practice on static balance performance in young females." Acta Kinesiologiae Universitatis Tartuensis 26 (December 31, 2020): 61–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.12697/akut.2020.26.06.

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The aim of the present study was to establish the changes that occur in dancers’ static body balance indicators during rest, in case of interfering factors and in stress condition. The sample consisted of 14 advanced female folk dancers at the age of 16–20 years. The participants’ static body balance was measured at the beginning (in the autumn) and at the end (in the spring) of the eight-month dancing period. Static body balance indicators were registered on a dynamographic platform within 30 seconds, standing on bipedal on stable and unstable support surface in eyes-open (EO) and eyes-closed (EC) conditions. The Flamingo test balance control, the balance control after spinning around and jumping tests were conducted only in EO condition. The following parameters were registered: the movements of the centre of pressure (CoP) in the anterior-posterior (AP) and medio-lateral (ML) dimensions; the length, speed and area of the trajectory. According to the study, folk dancers’ CoP movements in the AP and ML dimensions, measured in different conditions (EO, EC), on stable and unstable support surface, did not change significantly after the eight-month dancing practice. The young folk dancers’ static body balance, assessed by CoP movement trajectory, speed and area, improved considerably over the eight-month training period. Flamingo test results indicate that practising folk dance develops the young female folk dancers’ right and left side static stability equally. In the context of Estonian folk dance practice, including preparation for performing at dance festival, the young female folk dancers’ balance performance improved both in vestibular instability (spins, standing on unstable support surface and in EO condition) and fatigue (jumping test) conditions.

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23

Nie, Kai, Yan Song, Shaoyang Liu, Guangting Han, Haoxi Ben, Arthur J. Ragauskas, and Wei Jiang. "Preparation and Characterization of Microcellulose and Nanocellulose Fibers from Artemisia Vulgaris Bast." Polymers 11, no. 5 (May 19, 2019): 907. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym11050907.

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Artemisia vulgaris is an economic plant that is spreading widely in central China. Its unused bast generates a large amount of biomass waste annually. Utilizing the fibers in Artemisia vulgaris bast may provide a new solution to this problem. This research attempts to strengthen the understanding of Artemisia vulgaris by analyzing its fiber compositions and preparing micro- and nano-cellulose fibers, which can be used as raw materials for composites. In this work, Artemisia vulgaris bast powder (AP) and microcellulose and nanocellulose fibers (AMFs and ANFs) were produced and characterized by optical microscopy, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TG), and bacteriostatic test. The results indicated that cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin were the main components in the Artemisia vulgaris bast. The cellulose content reached 40.9%. The Artemisia vulgaris single fibers were microcellulose fibers with an average length of 850.6 μm and a diameter of 14.4 μm. Moreover, the AMF had considerable antibacterial ability with an antibacterial ratio of 36.6%. The ANF showed a length range of 250–300 nm and a diameter of 10–20 nm, and it had a higher crystallinity (76%) and a lower thermal stability (initial degradation temperature of 183 °C) compared with raw ANF (233 °C). This study provides fundamental information on Artemisia vulgaris bast cellulose for its subsequent utilization.

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24

Nisenbaum, E. S., Z. C. Xu, and C. J. Wilson. "Contribution of a slowly inactivating potassium current to the transition to firing of neostriatal spiny projection neurons." Journal of Neurophysiology 71, no. 3 (March 1, 1994): 1174–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.1994.71.3.1174.

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1. Neostriatal spiny projection neurons display a prominent slowly depolarizing (ramp) potential and long latency to spike discharge in response to intracellular current pulses. The contribution of a slowly inactivating A-current (IAs) to this delayed excitation was investigated in a neostriatal slice preparation using current pulse protocols incorporating information based on the known voltage dependence, kinetics, and pharmacological properties of IAs. 2. Depolarizing intracellular current pulses evoked a slowly developing ramp potential that could last for seconds without reaching steady state and continued until either the pulse was terminated or spike threshold was reached. The slope of the ramp potential was dependent on the level of depolarization achieved by the membrane, and the apparent activation threshold for this ramp depolarization was approximately -65 mV. 3. Application of low concentrations of 4-aminopyridine (4-AP, 30-100 microM) or dendrotoxin (DTX, 30 nM), which are known to selectively block IAs, reduced both the slope of the ramp potential and the latency to first spike discharge. As has been described previously, blockade of inward Na+ and Ca2+ currents with tetrodotoxin (TTX, 1 microM) and cadmium (400 microM) also reduced the slope of the ramp depolarization. 4. A conditioning-test pulse protocol was used to examine the voltage dependence of inactivation of the ramp potential and long first spike latency. In the absence of a conditioning pulse, the test pulse evoked a slowly rising ramp potential and a spike with a long latency to discharge. A conditioning depolarization to approximately -60 mV decreased the slope of the ramp potential and the latency to first spike discharge evoked by the test pulse. A conditioning hyperpolarization to potentials below -100 mV, increased first spike latency. Application of a low concentration of 4-AP (100 microM) abolished the influence of prior membrane potential on the slope of the ramp depolarization and the latency to first spike discharge. 5. The kinetics of recovery from inactivation of the 4-AP-sensitive current were studied in the presence of TTX and cadmium by depolarizing cells to approximately -50 mV and then stepping to approximately -90 mV for increasing periods of time (0.5-5.0 s) before delivering a test pulse. The amplitude of the test pulse response decreased as a function of the hyperpolarizing step duration. When the test pulse response amplitudes were plotted against the hyperpolarizing step duration, the points reflected an exponential decay with an average time constant of 2.05 +/- 1.38 (SD) s.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

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25

Silva, F., S. P. B. Sousa, P. Arezes, P. Swuste, M. C. S. Ribeiro, and J. S. Baptista. "Qualitative risk assessment during polymer mortar test specimens preparation - methods comparison." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 617 (May 26, 2015): 012037. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/617/1/012037.

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26

Lazeration, J. J. "Determination of the Coefficient of Friction of Rubber at Realistic Tire Contact Pressures." Rubber Chemistry and Technology 60, no. 5 (November 1, 1987): 966–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.5254/1.3536168.

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Abstract The rotational friction test effectively eliminated the severe normal contact pressure gradients inherent to many of the conventional test apparatus. The uniform pressure distribution of the annular test specimen, confirmed by Fuji pressure-sensitive paper, provided a pointwise value of the coefficient of friction essential to full-field traction and wear prediction. Models of the form μ=AP−1/k as predicted by true contact area and elasticity theory gave excellent correlation to experimental data and showed that, at high pressures, the value of μ can vary significantly from its value at the average contact pressure acting on the tire. A decrease in the pressure dependence of μ with increasing surface roughness was observed by investigating μ on plexiglass, ground glass, and machined steel substrates. A pressure dependence of P−1/2 for plexiglass, P−1/4 for ground glass, and P−1/5 for machined steel was determined. The surface roughness of both the rubber and the test substrate were found to influence the magnitude and pressure dependence of μ. Consequently, care must be taken with sample preparation for reproducibility and simulation of an actual tread surface if tire performance predictions are to be made.

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27

Zhuang, Lei, Yang Miao, Wen Liu, and Qing-Sen Meng. "Preparation and scratch test of AlMgB14 modified by TiB2." Rare Metals 34, no. 2 (December 31, 2013): 101–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12598-013-0181-3.

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28

Barbé, Christine, Eric Dubuis, Annie Rochetaing, Paul Kreher, Pierre Bonnet, and Christophe Vandier. "A 4-AP-sensitive current is enhanced by chronic carbon monoxide exposure in coronary artery myocytes." American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology 282, no. 6 (June 1, 2002): H2031—H2038. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.00807.2001.

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A physiological role of carbon monoxide has been suggested for coronary myocytes; however, direct evidence is lacking. The objective of this study was to test the effect of chronic carbon monoxide exposure on the K+ currents of the coronary myocytes. The effect of 3-wk chronic exposure to carbon monoxide was assessed on K+ currents in isolated rat left coronary myocytes by the use of the patch-clamp technique in the whole cell configuration. Moreover, membrane potential studies were performed on coronary artery rings using intracellular microelectrodes, and coronary blood flow in isolated heart preparation was recorded. Carbon monoxide did not change the amplitude of global whole cell K+ current, but it did increase the component sensitive to 1 mM 4-aminopyridine. Carbon monoxide exposure hyperpolarized coronary artery segments by ∼10 mV and, therefore, increased their sensitivity to 4-aminopyridine. This effect was associated with an enhancement of coronary blood flow. We conclude that chronic carbon monoxide increases a 4-aminopyridine-sensitive current in isolated coronary myocytes. This mechanism could, in part, contribute to hyperpolarization and to increased coronary blood flow observed with carbon monoxide.

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29

Kochukhov, Oleg. "Modeling surface magnetic fields in stars with radiative envelopes." Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union 9, S302 (August 2013): 290–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1743921314002312.

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AbstractStars with radiative envelopes, specifically the upper main sequence chemically peculiar (Ap) stars, were among the first objects outside our solar system for which surface magnetic fields have been detected. Currently magnetic Ap stars remains the only class of stars for which high-resolution measurements of both linear and circular polarization in individual spectral lines are feasible. Consequently, these stars provide unique opportunities to study the physics of polarized radiative transfer in stellar atmospheres, to analyze in detail stellar magnetic field topologies and their relation to starspots, and to test different methodologies of stellar magnetic field mapping. Here I present an overview of different approaches to modeling the surface fields in magnetic A- and B-type stars. In particular, I summarize the ongoing efforts to interpret high-resolution full Stokes vector spectra of these stars using magnetic Doppler imaging. These studies reveal an unexpected complexity of the magnetic field geometries in some Ap stars.

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30

Martinhon, Cleide Cristina R., and Ricardo Sousa Vieira. "Marginal leakage of polyacid-modified composite resin restorations in primary molars: an in vitro study." Journal of Applied Oral Science 13, no. 2 (June 2005): 110–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1678-77572005000200003.

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The purpose of this in vitro study was to compare the marginal leakage in primary molars restored with 2 polyacid-modified composite resins (Dyract AP - Dentsply and F2000 - 3M) and a composite resin (Filtek Z250 - 3M) as control. First and second primary molars were used for preparation of cavities on the proximal surfaces, with extension of the gingival margin to the cementoenamel junction. Restorations were accomplished after total etching and application of the respective adhesive system, and were divided into groups according to the restorative system and the number of adhesive layers used. The teeth were stored in distilled water for 7 days, followed by thermocycling with 500 cycles at 5ºC - 55ºC, with one minute in each bath. Thereafter, teeth were prepared for immersion in 0.5% methylene blue solution for four hours. The teeth were sectioned in mesiodistal direction for assessment of dye penetration. According to the results of the Kruskal-Wallis test, the three restorative materials employed did not completely avoid marginal leakage at the gingival margin of primary molars. The marginal leakage of PMCR F2000 (4.06 and 3.95) displayed to be higher than the marginal leakage observed for the materials Dyract AP (2.7 and 2.55) and Filtek Z250 (2.25 and 2.43). The number of adhesive layers did not influence the degree of leakage of the three materials.

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31

Kang, Hyeon, Min-Kyung Ji, Hoon-Sung Cho, Sang-Won Park, Kwi-Dug Yun, Chan Park, and Hyun-Pil Lim. "Effect of Plasma Surface Treatment on Shear Bond Strength with Denture Base Resin in Co–Cr Alloy, Ti–6Al–4V Alloy, and CP–Ti Alloy." Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology 20, no. 9 (September 1, 2020): 5771–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/jnn.2020.17630.

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The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of plasma treatment by treating the surface of Co–Cr alloy, Ti–6Al–4V alloy, and CP–Ti alloy as a material for denture metal frameworks with non-thermal atmospheric pressure plasma (NTAPP) and measuring their shear bond strength (SBS) with a heat-cured resin. 20 specimens were prepared for each of Co–Cr, Ti–6Al–4V, and CP–Ti alloys. Each metal alloy group was divided into the following subgroups depending on NTAPP treatment: C (Co–Cr alloy without plasma), T (CP–Ti without plasma), A (Ti–6Al–4V alloy without plasma), CP (Co–Cr alloy with plasma), TP (CP–Ti with plasma) and AP (Ti–6Al–4V alloy with plasma). Specimens were treated with a metal conditioner and bonded to a denture base resin. SBS was measured using a universal testing machine. All data obtained were statistically analyzed using two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), Tukey’s honestly significant difference (HSD) test, and independent t-test. The mean values (SD) of SBS (MPa) were: 10.31 (1.19) for C group; 12.43 (0.98) for T group; 13.75 (2.02) for A group; 13.53 (1.61) for CP group; 16.87 (1.55) for TP group; 17.46 (1.65) for AP group. The SBS of the AP group was the highest while that of the C group was the lowest. SBS of specimen treated with NTAPP was significantly increased regardless of metal alloy types (p < 0.001). Within the limitations of this study, NTAPP can increases the SBS of Co–Cr alloy, CP–Ti alloy, and Ti–6Al–4V alloy with a denture base resin.

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32

Štorch, Vít, and Jiří Nožička. "CONTRA-ROTATING PROPELLER AERODYNAMICS SOLVED BY A 3D PANEL METHOD WITH COUPLED BOUNDARY LAYER." Acta Polytechnica 57, no. 5 (October 31, 2017): 355. http://dx.doi.org/10.14311/ap.2017.57.0355.

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The aerodynamics of contra-rotating propellers is a complex three-dimensional problem of an unsteady flow, which is often approached by assuming numerous simplifications. Presented computational model combines a 3D panel method with a force-free vortex wake and a two-dimensional two-equation boundary layer model in an attempt to capture all the main contributing elements of the flow physics. An emphasis is placed on the interaction of the viscous boundary layer region with the inviscid region and the development of a portable method of their coupling. The kinematics of a force-free vortex wake is supplemented with a vortex aging due to a diffusion. Extra attention is paid to the process of the blade passing through the wake of another blade. To demonstrate the ability of the numerical model, several test cases are presented, illustrating the reaction of the system to various operational conditions.

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33

Zanino, R., S. Egorov, K. Kim, N. Martovetsky, Y. Nunoya, K. Okuno, E. Salpietro, et al. "Preparation of the ITER Poloidal Field Conductor Insert (PFCI) Test." IEEE Transactions on Appiled Superconductivity 15, no. 2 (June 2005): 1346–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tasc.2005.849083.

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34

Tomimitsu, H., Y. Hasegawa, K. Aizawa, and S. Kikuta. "Preparation and test use of a large-scale neutron interferometer." Physica B: Condensed Matter 213-214 (August 1995): 836–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0921-4526(95)00296-l.

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35

Schootemeijer, Sabine, Roel H. A. Weijer, Marco J. M. Hoozemans, Kimberley S. van Schooten, Kim Delbaere, and Mirjam Pijnappels. "Association between Daily-Life Gait Quality Characteristics and Physiological Fall Risk in Older People." Sensors 20, no. 19 (September 29, 2020): 5580. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s20195580.

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Gait quality characteristics obtained from accelerometry during daily life are predictive of falls in older people but it is unclear how they relate to fall risk. Our aim was to test whether these gait quality characteristics are associated with the severity of fall risk. We collected one week of trunk accelerometry data from 279 older people (aged 65–95 years; 69.5% female). We used linear regression to investigate the association between six daily-life gait quality characteristics and categorized physiological fall risk (QuickScreen). Logarithmic rate of divergence in the vertical (VT) and anteroposterior (AP) direction were significantly associated with the level of fall risk after correction for walking speed (both p < 0.01). Sample entropy in VT and the mediolateral direction and the gait quality composite were not significantly associated with the level of fall risk. We found significant differences between the high fall risk group and the very low- and low-risk groups, the moderate- and very low-risk and the moderate and low-risk groups for logarithmic rate of divergence in VT and AP (all p ≤ 0.01). We conclude that logarithmic rate of divergence in VT and AP are associated with fall risk, making them feasible to assess the physiological fall risk in older people.

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36

He, Yongju, Hui Xu, and Shuquan Liang. "Preparation of Defect-Related Luminescent Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticle as Potential Detectable Drug Carrier." Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology 20, no. 12 (December 1, 2020): 7362–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/jnn.2020.18617.

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A defect-related luminescent mesoporous silica nanoparticle (DLMSN) with simultaneous excellent luminescence, high drug loading efficiency and release capacity was prepared upon calcination of 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTES)-functionalized mesoporous silica nanoparticle (AP-MSN) under a relatively moderate temperature. Under ultraviolet excitation at 365 nm, DLMSN exhibited intense white-blue emission with a range of 400–500 nm, which was inferred to originate from the effective carbon or nitrogen defect in the particle causing by APTES calcination. Additionally, the luminescence intensity of DLMSN was significantly affected by APTES concentration and calcination temperature during the preparation procedure. Within all the tested values, the maximum luminescence intensity was achieved when APTES concentration and calcination temperature were 0.851 mmol and 300 °C, respectively. The drug storage and release tests demonstrated that DLMSN had efficient drug storage and good pH-dependent release for ibuprofen (IBU). Interestingly, ibuprofen-loaded DLMSN (IBU@DLMSN) still exhibit an intense luminescence with an emission peak at around 410 nm under 365 nm excitation, which gradually increased with the sustained release of IBU from IBU@DLMSN. These results suggest that the as-prepared DLMSN may have potential as a detectable nanocarrier in the drug delivery field.

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37

Lai, Chiu-Chun, Pei-Yun Shih, Guan-Yu Chu, and Yi-Ching Sung. "Preparation and characterization of the nanocellulose/polyurethane films." Modern Physics Letters B 34, no. 07n09 (March 2, 2020): 2040007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217984920400072.

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In this research, we make the nanocellulose (NC) using acid hydrolysis and 2,2,6,6-Tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl (TEMPO) method from bacterial cellulose (BC), dispersed in water, incorporated into polyurethane (PU) resin, prepared the composed film and characterized by scanning electronic microscopy (SEM), tensile test, and Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The NC is introduced into the PU resin by physical means to increase the physical and chemical properties of the waterborne PU. First, the morphological properties of NC, measured by SEM images, tensile test and thermal properties were measured. The results indicated morphological properties in using different preparation methods for the NC were different. The morphological NC prepared by the acid hydrolysis method is a short rod; by the TEMPO method, is a filament. Successfully improved the water-resistance of the waterborne PU films. Depending on the type of resin used, the tensile properties of NC/PU composite films have a different. Compared to pure PU film, the nanocomposites presented thermal stability increases. The addition of NC composite film of NC/w-436 has the maximum elongation when NC is added to 3%. The composite film of NC/w-460 has the maximum elongation when NC is added to 20%.

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38

Premjit Singh, K., S. Khirwadkar, Kedar Bhope, Nikunj Patel, and Prakash Mokaria. "Preparation of W/CuCrZr mono-block test mock-up using vacuum brazing technique." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 823 (April 19, 2017): 012023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/823/1/012023.

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39

NONAMI, Toru, and Naoyoshi SATOH. "Preparation of Elongated Diopside/Hydroxyapatite Composite and Their Cell Culture Test." Journal of the Ceramic Society of Japan 103, no. 1200 (1995): 804–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.2109/jcersj.103.804.

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40

Hoque, Ehtasimul, Chandra Shekhar Pant, and Sushanta Das. "Study on Friction Sensitivity of Passive and Active Binder based Composite Solid Propellants and Correlation with Burning Rate." Defence Science Journal 70, no. 2 (March 9, 2020): 159–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.14429/dsj.70.14802.

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Friction sensitivity of composite propellants and their ingredients is of significant interest to mitigate the risk associated with the accidental initiation while processing, handling, and transportation. In this work, attempts were made to examine the friction sensitivity of passive binder: Hydroxy Terminated Polybutadiene/Aluminium/Ammonium Perchlorate and active binder: (Polymer + Nitrate Esters)/Ammonium Perchlorate/Aluminium/Nitramine based composite propellants by using BAM Friction Apparatus. As per the recommendation of NATO standard STANAG–4487, the friction sensitivity was assessed by two methods: Limiting Frictional load and Frictional load for 50% probability of initiation (F50). The test results showed that the active binder based formulations were more vulnerable to frictional load as compared to the formulations with passive binders. Examination of a comprehensive set of propellant compositions revealed that the particle size distribution of Ammonium Perchlorate and burn rate catalysts were the most influential factors in dictating the friction sensitivity for HTPB/Al/AP composite propellants. For active binder/AP/Al/Nitramine composite propellants, the formulation with RDX was found more friction sensitive with a sensitivity value of 44 N as compared to its HMX analog (61 N). The correlation studies of friction sensitivity, burning rate, and thermal decomposition characteristics of HTPB/Al/AP composite propellants is described.

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41

Creaser, Colin S., James C. Reynolds, Andrew J. Hoteling, William F. Nichols, and Kevin G. Owens. "Atmospheric Pressure Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionisation Ion Trap Mass Spectrometry of Synthetic Polymers: A Comparison with Vacuum Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionisation Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry." European Journal of Mass Spectrometry 9, no. 1 (February 2003): 33–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1255/ejms.528.

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Atmospheric pressure matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionisation quadrupole ion trap (AP-MALDI/QIT) mass spectrometry has been investigated for the analysis of polyethylene glycol (PEG 1500) and a hyperbranched polymer (polyglycidol) in the presence of alkali–metal salts. Mass spectra of PEG 1500 obtained at atmospheric pressure showed dimetallated matrix/analyte adducts, in addition to the expected alkali–metal/PEG ions, for all matrix/alkali–metal salt combinations. The relative intensities of the desorbed ions were dependent on the matrix, the alkali–metal salt added to aid cationisation and the ion trap interface conditions [capillary temperature, in-source collisionally-induced dissociation (CID)]. These data indicate that the adducts are rapidly stabilised by collisional cooling enabling them to be transferred into the ion trap. Experiments using identical sample preparation conditions were carried out on a vacuum MALDI time-of-flight (ToF) mass spectrometer. In all cases, vacuum MALDI-ToF spectra showed only alkali–metal/PEG ions and no matrix/analyte adducts. The tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) capability of the ion trap has been demonstrated for a lithiated polyglycol yielding a rich fragment-ion spectrum. Analysis of the hyperbranched polymer polyglycidol by AP-MALDI/QIT reveals the characteristic ion series for these polymers as also observed under vacuum MALDI-ToF conditions.

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42

Armstrong, Ronald W., and Wayne L. Elban. "Dislocation Reaction Mechanism for Enhanced Strain Hardening in Crystal Nano-Indentations." Crystals 10, no. 1 (December 23, 2019): 9. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cryst10010009.

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Stress–strain calculations are presented for nano-indentations made in: (1) an ammonium perchlorate (AP), NH4ClO4, {210} crystal surface; (2) an α-iron (111) crystal surface; (3) a simulated test on an α-iron (100) crystal surface. In each case, the calculation of an exceptionally-enhanced plastic strain hardening, beyond that coming from the significant effect of small dislocation separations in the indentation deformation zone, is attributed to the formation of dislocation reaction obstacles hindering further dislocation movement. For the AP crystal, the exceptionally-high dislocation reaction-based strain hardening, relative to the elastic shear modulus, leads to (001) cleavage cracking in nano-, micro- and macro-indentations. For α-iron, the reaction of (a/2) <111> dislocations to form a [010] Burgers vector dislocation obstacles at designated {110} slip system intersections accounts for a higher strain hardening in both experimental and simulated nano-indentation test results. The α-iron stress–strain calculations are compared, both for the elastic deformation and plastic strain hardening of nano-indented (100) versus (111) crystal surfaces and include important observations derived from internally-tracked (a/2) <010> Burgers vector dislocation structures obtained in simulation studies. Additional comparisons are made between the α-iron calculations and other related strength properties reported either for bulk, micro-pillar, or additional simulated nano-crystal or heavily-drawn polycrystalline wire materials.

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43

Chou, Chuen-Shii, Chin-Min Hsiung, Chun-Po Wang, Ru-Yuan Yang, and Ming-Geng Guo. "Preparation of a Counter Electrode withP-Type NiO and Its Applications in Dye-Sensitized Solar Cell." International Journal of Photoenergy 2010 (2010): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2010/902385.

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This study investigates the applicability of a counter electrode with aP-type semiconductor oxide (such as NiO) on a dye-sensitized solar cell (DSSC). The counter electrode is fabricated by depositing an NiO film on top of a Pt film, which has been deposited on a Fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO) glass using an ion-sputtering coater (or E-beam evaporator), using a simple spin coating method. This study also examines the effect of the average thickness ofTiO2film deposited on a working electrode upon the power conversion efficiency of a DSSC. This study shows that the power conversion efficiency of a DSSC with a Pt(E)/NiO counter electrode (4.28%) substantially exceeds that of a conventional DSSC with a Pt(E) counter electrode (3.16%) on which a Pt film was deposited using an E-beam evaporator. This result is attributed to the fact that the NiO film coated on the Pt(E) counter electrode improves the electrocatalytic activity of the counter electrode.

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Carobbi, Carlo F. M., Alessio Bonci, Marco Cati, Carlo Panconi, Michele Borsero, and Giuseppe Vizio. "Design, Preparation, Conduct, and Result of a Proficiency Test of Radiated Emission Measurements." IEEE Transactions on Electromagnetic Compatibility 56, no. 6 (December 2014): 1251–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/temc.2014.2326732.

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45

Sugai, I., Y. Takeda, M. Oyaizu, H. Kawakami, Y. Hattori, and K. Kawasaki. "A test preparation of thick carbon stripper foils for RCS of J-PARC." Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment 521, no. 1 (March 2004): 192–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nima.2003.11.393.

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Wang, Yuting, Xin Yang, Run Liu, Kaiyi Chen, Zhexi Chen, and Yuqing Liu. "Preparation of silk fibroin and graphene composite membrane and its response driving performance test." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 1790, no. 1 (February 1, 2021): 012086. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1790/1/012086.

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Desai, A. V., and M. A. Haque. "Test Bed for Mechanical Characterization of Nanowires." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part N: Journal of Nanoengineering and Nanosystems 219, no. 2 (June 1, 2005): 57–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1243/17403499jnn42.

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Nanowires are one-dimensional solids that are deemed to be the building-block materials for next-generation sensors and actuators. Owing to their unique length scale, they exhibit superior mechanical properties and other length-scale-dependent phenomena. Most of these are challenging to explore, owing to the difficulties in specimen preparation, manipulation, and the requirement of high-resolution force and displacement sensing. To address these issues, a micromechanical device for uniaxial mechanical testing of single nanowires and nanotubes is used here. The device has 10 nN force and 1 nm displacement resolution and its small size (2 ×1 mm) allows for in situ experimentation inside analytical chambers, such as the electron microscopes. A microscale pick-and-place technique is presented as a generic specimen preparation and manipulation method for testing single nanowires. Preliminary results on zinc oxide nanowires show the Young's modulus and fracture strain to be about 76 GPa and 8 per cent respectively.

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Lee, Sang Hyun, Kiwhan Sung, Taek-Mo Chung, Sung-Goo Lee, Kyung Dae Min, Sangman Koo, and Chang Gyoun Kim. "Preparation of Silver Nanoparticles and Antibiotic Test of Its Polycarbonate Films Composite." Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology 8, no. 9 (September 1, 2008): 4734–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/jnn.2008.ic55.

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General synthetic methods for silver nanoparticles are reduction of metal salt in aqueous solution or alcoholic solution. However, the preparation of silver nanoparticles in organic solvent is rarely reported. The most common preparation methods for silver nanoparticles in organic solvent are based on transfer of nanoparticles from aqueous phase to organic phase by phase transfer agent. We describe an easy synthetic method to prepare dispersed silver nanoparticles (∼10 nm)by reduction of silver cation in organic solvent such as toluene using a reducing agent and a capping agent. The synthesized silver nanoparticles and polycarbonate were mixed and molded to prepare a new composite in methylene chloride. The composite was tested to investigate antifungal effect by coliform (Escherichia coil ATCC 25922). The antifungal effect of the composite reached high after 24 h (99.9999%). The composite and the silver nanoparticles have been characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), UV-vis spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and inductively coupled plasma (ICP).

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Qi, Xue Li, Ming Xia Zhang, Ru Li, Chang Ling Zhou, Jian Xin Tang, Zhi Qiang Cheng, Zhi Hao Wang, and Zhi Hao Wang. "Preparation and Ablation Performance of BN Fiber Fabrics Reinforced Nitrides Composites." Solid State Phenomena 281 (August 2018): 361–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.281.361.

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High-performance three-dimensional boron nitride fiber reinforced silicon nitride (BNf/Si3N4) composites were prepared by the infiltration and pyrolysis (PIP) process using BN fiber fabrics as the reinforcing body and excellent nitride organic precursor (Perhydropolysilazane, PHPS) as the Impregnated liquid. The ablation resistance of the composite was evaluated by plasma jet ablation test in air. The results show that a uniform and dense interface layer is formed on the fiber surface, with thickness is about 100 nm, and the XRD test shows that it is hexagonal BN (h-BN). The density of the composite reaches more than 1.72 g·cm-3 and the bending strength is more than 80 MPa. Under the condition of plasma jet ablation test at 2000 °C / 200 s, the mass ablation rate is 3.32 × 10-4 g/s, the linear ablation rate is 4.78 × 10-3 mm/s. The prepared materials have excellent resistance to high temperature ablation, and are expected to be used in the field of high temperature microwave transparent such as high mach missile radome, antenna window and so on.

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Sorbi, Massimo, Franco Alessandria, Giovanni Bellomo, Pasquale Fabbricatore, Stefania Farinon, Umberto Gambardella, Riccardo Musenich, and Giovanni Volpini. "The Preparation of the LASA Test Station for the SIS300 Model Dipole." IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity 21, no. 3 (June 2011): 1808–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tasc.2010.2089417.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Test preparation; AP Physics'

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