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Books on the topic 'Test runs'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 11 February 2022

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1

Adolescent runaway behavior: Who runs and why. New York: Garland, 1997.

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2

Tanp♯łnar, Ahmet Hamdi. Seelenfrieden. Zu rich: Unionsverl., 2008.

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3

L, Fisk John, and Strang John D, eds. Neuropsychological assessment of children: A treatment-oriented approach. New York: Guilford Press, 1986.

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4

Michael, Kobr, ed. Laienspiel: Kluftingers neuer Fall. Mu˜nchen: Piper, 2008.

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5

Shapiro, Edward S. Academic skills problems: Direct assessment and intervention. 2nd ed. New York: Guilford Press, 1996.

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6

Academic skills problems: Direct assessment and intervention. 3rd ed. New York: Guilford Press, 2004.

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7

Academic skills problems: Direct assessment and intervention. 2nd ed. New York: Guilford Press, 1996.

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8

Academic skills problems: Direct assessment and intervention. New York: Guilford Press, 1989.

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9

Activity measurement in psychology and medicine. New York: Plenum Press, 1991.

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10

Uncommon understanding: Development and disorders of language comprehension in children. Hove, East Sussex, UK: Psychology Press, 1997.

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11

Mak, King K. Identification of vehicular impact conditions associated with serious ran-off-road crashes. Washington, D.C: Transportation Research Board, 2010.

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12

Lipson, Marjorie Y. Assessment and instruction of reading and writing disability: An interactive approach. 2nd ed. New York: Longman, 1997.

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13

Improving educational outcomes for children with disabilities: Guidelines and protocols for practice. Baltimore, MD: Paul H. Brooks Pub. Co., 1994.

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14

Improving educational outcomes for children with disabilities: Principles for assessment, program planning, and evaluation. Baltimore, Md: Paul H. Brookes, 1994.

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15

Perotti, Giovanni, ed. Sega Mega Drive Game Secrets: Strategie e Segreti, Volume 2. Via Rosellini, Milano, Italy: Jackson Libri, 1993.

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16

Arnold, J. Douglas. Awesome Sega Genesis Secrets II. Lahaina, HI: Sandwich Islands Publishing, 1993.

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17

Perotti, Giovanni, ed. Sega Mega Drive Game Secrets: Strategie e Segreti, Volume 3. Via Rosellini, Milano, Italy: Jackson Libri, 1993.

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18

Perotti, Giovanni, ed. Sega Mega Drive Game Secrets: Strategie e Segreti, Volume 1. Via Rosellini, Milano, Italy: Jackson Libri, 1993.

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19

MacDonald, Brian. Tribal Rugs: Treasures of the Black Tent. Acc Art Books, 2017.

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20

MacDonald, Brian W. Tribal Rugs: Treasures of the Black Tent. Antique Collectors' Club, 1997.

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21

Huguenin, Julien. Running user tests with limited resources and experience. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198794844.003.0024.

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In this chapter, we aim to give ideas on how to run user tests (aka playtests) with limited resources. You may be a developer trying to test your game on the side, or someone trying (or has been tasked) to test a game. We will ramp up from almost no resources whatsoever to the basis to create a dedicated lab space.
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22

Jones, Gwyneth. Joanna Russ. University of Illinois Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.5622/illinois/9780252042638.001.0001.

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Joanna Russ (1937-2011) was an outstanding writer, critic, and theorist of science fiction at a time when female writers were marginal to the genre, and very few women, perhaps only Judith Merril and Joanna herself, had significant influence on the field. In her university teaching and in her writing she championed the integration of new social models and higher literary standards into genre works. In her review columns for the Magazine of Fantasy and Science Fiction she dissected the masters of the New Wave with appreciation, wit, and incisive intelligence. Her experimental novel The Female Man (1975) is an essential seventies Feminist text, still relevant today; her groundbreaking academic articles are recognized as foundation studies in feminist and science fiction literary scholarship. Drawing on Jeanne Cortiel’s lesbian feminist appraisal of Russ, Demand My Writing (1999), Farah Mendelsohn’s essay collection On Joanna Russ (2009), and a wide range of contemporary sources, this book aims to give context to her career in the America of her times, from the Cold War domestic revival through the 1960s decade of protest and the Second Wave feminism of the 1970s and 1980s, into the twenty-first century, examining her novels, her remarkable short fiction, her critical and autobiographical works, her role in the science fiction community, and her contributions to feminist debate.
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23

Lou, Wen-Yi Wendy. On runs tests for independence of binary longitudinal data using the method of finite Markov chain imbedding. 1995.

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24

Validity and reliability of the 20-meter shuttle test in American females 19-34 years of age. 1991.

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25

Murray, Chris. China from the Ruins of Athens and Rome. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198767015.001.0001.

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Fascinated and often baffled by China, Anglophone writers turned to classics for answers. In poetry, essays, and travel narratives, ancient Greece and Rome lent interpretative paradigms and narrative shape to Britain’s information on the Middle Kingdom. While memoirists of the diplomatic missions in 1793 and 1816 used classical ideas to introduce Chinese concepts, Roman history held ominous precedents for Sino–British relations according to Edward Gibbon and Samuel Taylor Coleridge. John Keats illuminated how peculiar such contemporary processes of Orientalist knowledge-formation were. In Britain, popular opinion on Chinese culture wavered during the nineteenth century, as Charles Lamb and Joanna Baillie demonstrated in ekphrastic responses to chinoiserie. A former reverence for China yielded gradually to hostility, and the classical inheritance informed a national identity-crisis over whether Britain’s treatment of China was civilized or barbaric. Amidst this uncertainty, the melancholy conclusion to Virgil’s Aeneid became the master-text for the controversy over British conduct at the Summer Palace in 1860. Yet if Rome was to be the model for the British Empire, Tennyson, Sara Coleridge, and Thomas de Quincey found closer analogues for the Opium Wars in Greek tragedy and Homeric epic. Meanwhile, Sinology advanced considerably during the Victorian age, with translations of Laozi and Zhuangzi placed in dialogue with the classical tradition. Classics changed too, with not only canonical figures invoked in discussions of China, but current interests such as Philostratus and Porphyry. Britain broadened its horizons by interrogating the cultural past anew as it turned to Asia: Anglophone readers were cosmopolitans in time as well as space, aggregating knowledge of Periclean Athens, imperial Rome, and many other polities in their encounters with Qing Dynasty China.
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26

Doniger, Wendy. How the Arthashastra and the Kamasutra Got Away with Their Critiques of Dharma. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190911966.003.0004.

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This chapter takes up the theme of “irreverence” that runs through this volume by examining two key Hindu scientific texts that subvert the central Hindu concept of dharma (duty/law/religion). One text recommends that the king himself can and should at times engage in acts that are highly undharmic and irreverent. The other text advocates and facilitates the practice of adultery, thus undermining one of the most basic laws of dharma, the law of wifely fidelity. This clash between science and religion takes on a new form in contemporary India, where a government driven by religious ideology is attempting to subvert genuine science.
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27

Flight investigation of the use of a nose gear jump strut to reduce takeoff ground roll distance of STOL aircraft. Moffett Field, Calif: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Ames Research Center, 1994.

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28

L, Martin James, Hardy Gordon H, and Ames Research Center, eds. Flight investigation of the use of a nose gear jump strut to reduce takeoff ground roll distance of STOL aircraft. Moffett Field, Calif: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Ames Research Center, 1994.

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29

Shepard, Jonathan. The Shaping of Past and Present, and Historical Writing in Rus’, c.900–c.1400. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199236428.003.0015.

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This chapter explores how Rus' chronicles from the late eleventh century onwards included deeds of princes, town assemblies, invaders, and reverend men and women. These chronicles make up the bulk of the historical writing available for the entire period. Compiled in a few urban centers, they focus on their respective regions and only fitfully offer panoramas of goings on throughout the land of Rus'. They neither formulate nor imply a philosophy of historical development, issuing forth streams of factual data. The one exception is the Povest' Vremennykh Let, a compilation and historical composition looking beyond recorded time to answer fundamental questions. It is both incomparable and significant: incomparable, in that no subsequent work articulated quite such a vision of Rus' as a polity to be held together; significant, in that its text was incorporated into subsequent Rus' chronicles until the sixteenth century.
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30

Pasnau, Robert, ed. Oxford Studies in Medieval Philosophy Volume 5. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198806035.001.0001.

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Oxford Studies in Medieval Philosophy showcases the best scholarly research in this flourishing field. The series covers all aspects of medieval philosophy, including the Latin, Arabic, and Hebrew traditions, and runs from the end of antiquity into the Renaissance. It publishes new work by leading scholars in the field, and combines historical scholarship with philosophical acuteness. Papers in this volume look at Anselm on necessity; Avicenna on the origination of the human soul; emanation in the psychologies of Avicenna, Albert the Great, and Aquinas; Aquinas on the individuation of substances; Peter Auriol on the intuitive cognition of nonexistents; and Ockham on the parts of the continuum. It also includes a newly edited text from Yaḥyā Ibn ʿAdī on a Kalām argument for Creation.
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31

Mariani, Giorgio. Beyond the Semantic Netherworld. University of Illinois Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5406/illinois/9780252039751.003.0009.

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This chapter examines Maxine Hong Kingston's The Fifth Book of Peace, a meditation on the difficulty of matching anti-war literature with some much-needed imagining of what peace might look like when disengaged from a context of war. The problem of how to turn war literature into peace literature runs like a red thread through Kingston's text. The Fifth Book of Peace interrogates the limits of war resistance not only in practice but also, and perhaps mostly, in literature. This chapter argues that Kingston's thoughts on the literature of peace and war are an inseparable part of her pacifist politics. It also considers Brian Turner's poetry and Helen Benedict's 2011 novel Sand Queen as two “cosmopolitan” responses to the Iraq War.
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32

Hirschman, Lynette, and Inderjeet Mani. Evaluation. Edited by Ruslan Mitkov. Oxford University Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199276349.013.0022.

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The commercial success of natural language (NL) technology has raised the technical criticality of evaluation. Choices of evaluation methods depend on software life cycles, typically charting four stages — research, advance prototype, operational prototype, and product. At the prototype stage, embedded evaluation can prove helpful. Analysis components can be loose grouped viz., segmentation, tagging, extracting information, and document threading. Output technologies such as text summarization can be evaluated in terms of intrinsic and extrinsic measures, the former checking for quality and informativeness and the latter, for efficiency and acceptability, in some tasks. ‘Post edit measures’ commonly used in machine translation, determine the amount of correction required to obtain a desirable output. Evaluation of interactive systems typically evaluates the system and the user as one team and deploys subject variability, which runs enough subjects to obtain statistical validity hence, incurring substantial costs. Evaluation being a social activity, creates a community for internal technical comparison, via shared evaluation criteria.
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33

Tom, Ruys, Corten Olivier, and Hofer Alexandra, eds. The Use of Force in International Law. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/law/9780198784357.001.0001.

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The international law on the use of force is one of the oldest branches of international law. It is an area twinned with the emergence of international law as a concept in itself, and which sees law and politics collide. The number of armed conflicts is equal only to the number of methodological approaches used to describe them. Many violent encounters are well known. The Kosovo Crisis in 1999 and the US-led invasion of Iraq in 2003 spring easily to the minds of most scholars and academics, and gain extensive coverage in this text. Other conflicts, including the Belgian operation in Stanleyville, and the Ethiopian Intervention in Somalia, are often overlooked to our peril. Ruys and Corten's expert-written text compares over sixty different instances of the use of cross border force since the adoption of the UN Charter in 1945, from all out warfare to hostile encounters between individual units, targeted killings, and hostage rescue operations, to ask a complex question. How much authority does the power of precedent really have in the law of the use of force?
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34

Davis, George C., and Elena L. Serrano. Food and Nutrition Economics. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199379118.001.0001.

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At the heart of most food, nutrition, and health decisions and concerns is an economic issue. Consequently, understanding some basic economics is imperative to evaluate the likely effectiveness of food and nutrition policies or interventions, especially those designed to operate through economic channels. Section I of the book provides the fundamentals of nutrition. Section II provides the fundamentals of consumer economics, from both the neo-classical and behavioral economics perspectives. Section III gives an overview of the US food system and the fundamentals of food production economics. Section IV gives the fundamentals of market analysis, including horizontally and vertically related markets. Section V gives an overview of cost effectiveness and cost benefit analysis of nutrition interventions. The general structure for most chapters is to first motivate the importance of the topic, present the economic approach to analysing the topic, intersperse the text with some examples and questions applying the concepts, and conclude with what has been found in the empirical literature related to the topic. A hypothetical conversation between a nutritionist and an economist runs throughout the book to help give the book a conversational feel and motivate and summarize each chapter.
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35

W. Young, John, and John Kent. International Relations Since 1945. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/hepl/9780198807612.001.0001.

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International Relations Since 1945 provides a comprehensive introduction to global political history since World War II. The text has been comprehensively updated to cover the period between 2001 and 2012. Discussing the World Trade Center bombing and concluding with the run-up to the 2012 US presidential elections, a new final section outlines broad developments including the changing world order and the global financial crisis. Three new chapters look at terrorism, the wars in Iraq and Afghanistan, and the rise of major new powers, including China. Student learning is supported by a range of helpful learning features, including biographies of key figures and chronologies of events.
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36

Young, John W., and John Kent. International Relations Since 1945. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/hepl/9780199693061.001.0001.

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International Relations Since 1945 provides a comprehensive introduction to global political history since World War II. The text has been comprehensively updated to cover the period between 2001 and 2012. Discussing the World Trade Center bombing and concluding with the run-up to the 2012 US presidential elections, a new final section outlines broad developments including the changing world order and the global financial crisis. Three new chapters look at terrorism, the wars in Iraq and Afghanistan, and the rise of major new powers including China. Student learning is supported by a range of helpful learning features including biographies of key figures and chronologies of events.
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37

Fraade, Steven D. The Damascus Document. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198734338.001.0001.

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The Damascus Document is an ancient Hebrew text that is one of the longest, oldest, and most important of the ancient scrolls found near Khirbet (ruins of) Qumran, usually referred to collectively as the Dead Sea Scrolls for the proximity of the Qumran settlement and eleven nearby caves to the Dead Sea. Its oldest parts originate in the mid- to late second century BCE. While the earliest discovery of the Dead Sea Scrolls occurred in 1947, the Qumran Damascus Document fragments were discovered in 1952 (but not published in full until 1996), mainly in what is designated as Qumran Cave Four (some ten manuscripts altogether). However, it is unique in that two manuscripts (MS A and MS B) containing parts and variations of the same text were discovered much earlier, in 1896 (and published in 1910), among the discarded texts of the Cairo Geniza, the latter being written in the tenth-eleventh centuries CE. Together, the manuscripts of the Damascus Document, both ancient and medieval, are an invaluable source for understanding many aspects of ancient Jewish (and before that Israelite) history, theology, sectarian ideology, eschatology, liturgy, law, communal leadership, canon formation, and practice. Central to the structure of the overall text, is the intersection of law, both what we would call “biblical” (or biblically derived) and “communal,” and narrative/historical admonitions, perhaps modeled after a similar division the biblical book of Deuteronomy. A suitable characterization of the Damascus Document, to which we will repeatedly return, could be “bringing the Messiah through law.” Because of the longevity of its discovery, translation, publication, and debated interpretation, there is a long history of modern scholarship devoted to this ancient text.
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38

Briggs, Andrew, Hans Halvorson, and Andrew Steane. Introduction. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198808282.003.0001.

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The book is introduced. Four themes are presented; these run throughout the text. The chapter gives some initial material unfolding, briefly, what is intended by these themes. Some contemporary issues are addressed, such as confusion about what it means to seek God or to know God (however imperfectly). The book is neither a work of apologetics nor an attempt to introduce two different domains to one another. It is rather a celebration of a unity, and an invitation to a positive approach. Three example questions that commonly arise in the context of science and religion are discussed. These concern tension between scientific and religious perspectives, evolutionary biology, and moral dilemmas in scientific work. A vision for the positive partnership of science with our wider values is given.
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39

Coogan, Michael. The Bible. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/wentk/9780199383047.001.0001.

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The Bible is the most influential book in Western history. As the foundational text of Judaism and Christianity, the Bible has been interpreted and reinterpreted over millennia, utilized to promote a seemingly endless run of theological and political positions. Adherents and detractors alike point to different passages throughout to justify wildly disparate behaviors and beliefs. Translated and retranslated, these texts lead both to unity and intense conflict. Influential books on any topic are typically called “bibles.” What is the Bible? As a text considered sacred by some, its stories and language appear throughout the fine arts and popular culture, from Shakespeare to Saturday Night Live. In Michael Coogan’s eagerly awaited addition to Oxford’s What Everyone Needs to know® series, conflicts and controversies surrounding the world’s bestselling book are addressed in a straightforward Q&A format. This book provides an unbiased look at biblical authority and authorship, the Bible’s influence in Western culture, the disputes over meaning and interpretation, and the state of biblical scholarship today. Brimming with information for the student and the expert alike, The Bible: What Everyone Needs to Know ® is a dependable introduction to a most contentious holy book.
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40

Houle, Christian. Does Inequality Harm Economic Development and Democracy? Edited by Carol Lancaster and Nicolas van de Walle. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199845156.013.4.

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This article examines whether economic inequality undermines economic development and democracy in the long run. After reviewing the literature on the effect of inequality on economic development and democracy, it considers three approaches that have been put forward to explain why inequality harms the economy and democracy: (1) the political economy approach, (2) the social unrest approach, and (3) the credit market imperfections approach. A complete data set on inequality is generated using three measures of inequality: the capital share data set of Ortega and Rodriguez (2006), the Gini coefficients data set of Solt (2009), and the income Gini coefficients of the “Estimated Household Income Inequality” (EHII) data set, developed by the University of Texas Inequality Project (UTIP). The article then tests the relationship between inequality and democracy using dynamic probit models.
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41

Tzohar, Roy. Conversing with a Buddha. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190664398.003.0007.

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This chapter explores the broader epistemic ramifications of the Yogācāra theory of meaning and metaphor. It points out features that this theory shares with contemporary analytical causal theories of reference—especially the solution that they offer to the problem of incommensurability. The text presents the Yogācāra understanding of this problem, notably in Sthiramati’s Triṃśikābhāṣya (TriṃśBh) and Asaṅga’s Mahāyānasaṃgraha (MS), and examines how Sthiramati’s figurative theory of meaning addresses it. The conclusion points out deep structural affinities between the Yogācāra understanding of linguistic meaning and its understanding of experience, particularly of intersubjective experiences of the external word. This allows an identification and articulation of several fundamental themes that run through Yogācāra thought in general, and through the school’s conception of meaning in particular, implying a broadly conceived theory of meaning that is not merely linguistic, but also perceptual.
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42

Bhattacharya, Sreedeep. Consumerist Encounters. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190125561.001.0001.

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Economic liberalization and globalization in India in the early 1990s resulted in a whirlwind of consumerist activities. New material and visual temptations swept markets, infiltrated consumer minds through media, and aroused inhibited desires. This has engendered a fast-paced and relentless relationship with things and images that permeate our everyday lives. Consumerist Encounters elucidates how our all-consuming relationship with objects and their representations have transformed rapidly over the last few decades in contemporary urban India. It argues that ephemerality, frivolousness, and multiplicity of choice regulate our flirtatious encounters with commodities and their images as we restlessly use, exhaust, dispose, and move on. Such a trend is illustrated by examining a plethora of commodity-centric phenomena such as exclusion through apparel, eroticization of body images, population of the T-shirt surface with graphics and text, rise of business process outsourcing, instantaneous seeing and sharing of images, and rejection of material goods in junkyards and ruins. These explorations collectively shed light on the constant negotiation of our identities, statuses, and mobilities in the image-saturated commodity landscape.
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43

Rose, Adam, Dan Wei, and Antonio Bento. Equity Implications of the COP21 Intended Nationally Determined Contributions to Reduce Greenhouse Gas Emissions. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198813248.003.0004.

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This chapter examines the equity implications of the “bottom-up” approach to climate change negotiations by analyzing the individual country unconditional greenhouse gas reduction pledges specified in the COP21 Agreement of 2015. It compares the implications before and after emissions trading in terms of the standard equity metrics of the Gini coefficient and Atkinson index for three major countries/regions: the European Union, China, and California. The chapter adapts a nonlinear programming model well suited to this purpose that determines the equilibrium emissions allowance price, mitigation costs, and allowance purchases and sales from trading. It also tests the sensitivity of the results to macroeconomic conditions and technological change. The findings are that the pledges made at COP21 reflect substantial inequality in general and run counter to most equity principles. They are definitely a major departure from the Egalitarian, Vertical, and Rawlsian equity principles proposed for many years by developing countries.
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44

Krishnan, Hari, Miriam R. Fine-Goulden, Sainath Raman, and Akash Deep, eds. Challenging Concepts in Paediatric Critical Care. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198794592.001.0001.

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This textbook, ‘Challenging concepts in paediatric critical care’, has been designed to cater to the needs of paediatric intensivists, current trainees and those intending to train in the future. Similar to its predecessors in this ‘Challenging concepts’ series, this book aims to educate clinicians by describing clinical situations that are both common, such as bronchiolitis, sepsis etc., and complex, such as mechanical circulatory support, stem cell transplant etc., in paediatric intensive care medicine. The textbook contains 18 chapters based on challenging scenarios involving variety of diseases and organ dysfunctions. Each chapter contains several “Learning Points”, “Clinical Tips” and “Evidence Base” boxes embedded in the text with the aim to promote memory and stimulate learning. These run alongside an “Expert Commentary” written by an international group of experts in the field, to give practical advice of how they approach these difficult situations. Many chapters include results and imaging to enhance the fidelity and narrative style of text, that encourage the reader to understand the patient journey and feel part of the decision making process. The clinical topics in this book are aligned to match the Royal College of Paediatrics and Child Health’s paediatric intensive care medicine curriculum in the UK, as well as the curriculum of Paediatric Basic assessment and support in intensive care (BASIC) course and the various domains of Paediatric/neonatal European Diploma in Intensive Care (PEDIC) curriculum.
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45

Beck, Ann Flesor. Sweet Greeks. University of Illinois Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5622/illinois/9780252043406.001.0001.

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This narrative is about Greek immigrants to America from 1880 to 1930. Unlike previous studies focusing on immigrant communities in major cities, this is a rural study, examining the Greeks who settled in central Illinois’s small towns and opened confectioneries and soda fountains. The author’s grandfather Gus Flesor was one of these, coming to Tuscola, Illinois, in 1901 and taking over the candy shop there. Gus’s shop is still in business today, run by the author and her sister. Gus’s experience serves as a case study that informs the stories of more than 100 other Greek confectioners who settled in over forty towns in central Illinois. The author describes why the Greeks came to America and recounts the obstacles they faced after arrival and their attempts to acculturate and assimilate and become confectioners. A significant amount of the narrative recounts the ethnic and racial hostility the Greeks faced, especially from the Ku Klux Klan. But the bulk of the text is about the Greek immigrant confectioners themselves who fulfilled the American dream by settling in a new land, raising families, operating profitable businesses, and contributing to their communities. As the author’s father once observed, “It’s a good story.”
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46

Tryon, Warren W. Activity Measurement in Psychology and Medicine. Springer, 2013.

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47

Huffaker, Ray, Marco Bittelli, and Rodolfo Rosa. Empirically Detecting Causality. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198782933.003.0008.

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Phenomenological models mathematically describe relationships among empirically observed phenomena without attempting to explain underlying mechanisms. Within the context of NLTS, phenomenological modeling goes beyond phase space reconstruction to extract equations governing real-world system dynamics from a single or multiple observed time series. Phenomenological models provide several benefits. They can be used to characterize the dynamics of variable interactions; for example, whether an incremental increase in one variable drives a marginal increase/decrease in the growth rate of another, and whether these dynamic interactions follow systematic patterns over time. They provide an analytical framework for data driven science still searching for credible theoretical explanation. They set a descriptive standard for how the real world operates so that theory is not misdirected in explaining fanciful behavior. The success of phenomenological modeling depends critically on selection of governing parameters. Model dimensionality, and the time delays used to synthesize dynamic variables, are guided by statistical tests run for phase space reconstruction. Other regression and numerical integration parameters can be set on a trial and error basis within ranges providing numerical stability and successful reproduction of empirically-detected dynamics. We illustrate phenomenological modeling with solutions of the Lorenz model so that we can recognize the dynamics that need to be reproduced.
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48

McLauchlin, Théodore. Desertion. Cornell University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.7591/cornell/9781501752940.001.0001.

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This book examines the personal and political factors behind soldiers' choices to stay in their unit or abandon their cause. The book explores what might spur widespread desertion in a given group, how some armed groups manage to keep their soldiers fighting over long periods, and how committed soldiers are to their causes and their comrades. To answer these questions, the book focuses on combatants in military units during the Spanish Civil War. The book pushes against the preconception that individual soldiers' motivations are either personal or political, either selfish or ideological. Instead, it draws together the personal and the political, showing how soldiers come to trust each other — or not. In doing so, it demonstrates how the armed groups that hold together and survive are those that foster interpersonal connections, allowing soldiers the opportunity to prove their commitment to the fight. It argues that trust keeps soldiers in the fray, mistrust pushes them to leave, and political beliefs and military practices shape both. The book brings the reader into the world of soldiers and rigorously tests the factors underlying desertion. It asks, honestly and without judgment, what would you do in an army in a civil war? Would you stand and fight? Would you try to run away? And what if you found yourself fighting for a cause you no longer believe in or never did in the first place?
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49

Bishop, D. V. M. Uncommon Understanding: Development and Disorders of Language Comprehension in Children. Taylor & Francis Group, 2013.

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50

Uncommon Understanding: Development and Disorders of Language Comprehension in Children. Taylor & Francis Group, 2013.

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