Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Testes Ktk'
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Ferreira, Ana Carolina Gonçalves de Oliveira. "A adequação do teste KTK em relação ao conceito atual de deficiência intelectual e ao modelo da análise ecológica da tarefa." Universidade de São Paulo, 2010. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/39/39133/tde-29112010-103639/.
Full textThis dissertation had the goal of analyzing the adequacy of the KTK test (Motor Coordination for Children Test) to the modern concept of Intellectual Deficiency (ID) and to motor programs based in the Ecological Task Analysis Model (ETA). The analysis was done using reflexive procedures, it was a philosophical research. For doing the analysis, first of all we presented a literature review that covered the most important concepts of ID adopted globally, the ETA model and questions concerning motor tests, including the description of the KTK model. After that, we presented the analysis discussing what is expected from a motor test for ID and what is expected from a motor test when we intend to base the motor intervention in the ETA model. The main characteristics of the KTK are also presented and then a qualitative analysis about these characteristics presented in each item. We then conclude that the KTK test is not in adequacy to be used in elaboration and valuation of motor programs for ID based on the ETA, although it has some few characteristics that are in line with what we understand to be necessary to be contemplated in a motor test with this kind of goal
Moreira, João Paulo Abreu. "Estrutura fatorial e proposta de novo quociente motor para o teste de coordenação corporal para crianças (KTK): um estudo com escolares de 5 a 10 anos de idade." Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 2016. http://www.locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/10006.
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O quadro atual aponta para um decréscimo dos níveis de competência motora em crianças, com consequente diminuição da prática de atividades físicas, queda nos níveis de aptidão física e prejuízos à saúde e qualidade de vida dessa população. Assim, parece importante investir em programas que busquem ampliar tal competência desde a infância, especialmente nas aulas de Educação Física. Para isso, além de estratégias de intervenção, é necessária a realização de testes motores para medir os níveis de competência motora, a fim de monitorar o processo. Neste sentido, é preciso um teste motor válido, confiável, objetivo, de baixo custo, que possa ser facilmente aplicado e analisado. O Teste de Coordenação Corporal para Crianças - KTK (Körperkoordinationstest Für Kinder) parece ser uma excelente opção. Composto por quatro tarefas: Equilíbrio na Trave, Saltos Laterais, Transferência sobre Plataformas e Saltos Monopedais, propõe medir o fator competência motora. Os objetivos da pesquisa foram testar a validade do KTK para uma amostra brasileira composta por 295 crianças, de 5 e 10 anos de idade, além de propor uma equação para o cálculo do seu quociente motor geral, que leve em consideração a influência específica de cada uma das tarefas do teste para medir a competência motora, o que não é considerado em seu formato original. Verificou-se também a influência do sexo e da idade das crianças nas pontuações obtidas por elas nos itens testados. Os resultados demonstraram que as propriedades psicométricas e a estrutura fatorial do KTK foram bem ajustadas ao modelo, que se mostrou adequado, confirmando a competência motora como seu único fator, além de mostrar que as cargas fatoriais dos itens da bateria são diferentes. Por meio da abordagem da regressão dos mínimos quadrados para obtenção do escore fatorial, chegou- se à equação para o cálculo do novo quociente motor do KTK, que leva em consideração a influência que cada sub-teste tem no resultado final da bateria e permite a comparação dos resultados entre grupos distintos. Os resultados também sugerem que a idade interfere na pontuação das quatro tarefas do KTK e do novo quociente motor e que o sexo interfere nas tarefas Transferência sobre Plataformas e Saltos Monopedais, e também no novo quociente motor. Pode-se concluir que o KTK é um teste válido e confiável para medir a competência motora de crianças brasileiras, sensível ao sexo e à idade, de simples execução, com resultados objetivos, de baixo custo, aspectos que o qualificam como um bom instrumento a ser conduzido nas escolas brasileiras. Além disso, o novo quociente motor, que ressalta o peso de cada tarefa no resultado final do teste, irá oferecer novas formas de interpretação desse resultado e novas possibilidades para a pesquisa.
The current situation points towards a reduction in motor competence levels in children, with a consequent decline in their practice of physical activities, a drop in their levels of physical aptitude, and damages to the health and quality of life of such population. Therefore, it seems important to invest in programs which aim to broaden such competence from as early as childhood, especially in physical education classes. In addition to well-planned and coherent interventions, it is necessary to carry out systematic motor tests to measure the levels of motor competence, in order to monitor the whole process. It is therefore necessary to have a motor test which is valid, trustworthy, objective and low-cost, and which may be easily administered and interpreted. For such purposes, the Körperkoordinationstest Für Kinder – KTK seems to be an excellent option. The KTK is a German test, established for over four decades, widely mentioned in the literature and much used in Brazil. Composed of four tasks – Walking Backwards, Jumping Sideways, Moving Sideways and Hopping for Height – the test aims at measuring the motor competence factor. The objectives of this study were to test the validity of the KTK to a sample of 295 Brazilian children, aged 5 to 10 years, as well as to suggest an equation to calculate a general motor quotient that takes into consideration the specific influence to each of the four motor-competence tests, which is not considered in the KTK’s original format. The influence of gender and age in the scores obtained by the children in each test was also analyzed. The results showed that the psychometric properties and the KTK structure were well-adjusted to the model (x² = 3,972; p = 0,137; CFI = 0,997; TLI = 0,990; RMSEA = 0,058; SRMR = 0,012), and confirmed the motor competence as its only latent factor, as well as the fact that the factorial charges of the battery items are different. By using the least squares regression approach to obtain the factorial score, it was possible to reach an equation to calculate the KTK new motor quotient, which takes into consideration the influence of each subtest in the battery final result, and allows the results of distinct groups to be compared. The results also suggested that age interferes in the scores of all four KTK and new motor quotient tasks and that gender interferes in the Moving Sideways and Hopping for Height, and also in the new motor quotient. It was possible to conclude that the KTK is a valid, low-cost and trustworthy test to measure the motor competence of Brazilian children, sensitive to gender and age, of simple execution and objective results. Such aspects qualify the KTK as a good instrument to be used by Brazilian schools. In addition, the new motor quotient, which highlights the weight of each task in the test’s final result, will offer new ways to interpret such result and new possibilities of research.
Carminato, Ricardo Alexandre. "Desempenho motor de escolares através da bateria de Teste KTK." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFPR, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1884/25006.
Full textDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal do Paraná, Setor de Ciências Biológicas, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Educação Física. Defesa: Curitiba, 29/10/2010
Bibliografia: fls. 68-74
Área de concentração: Exercício e esporte
Resumo: O presente estudo, caracterizado como um delineamento descritivo transversal, teve como objetivo geral avaliar o desempenho motor de escolares de 7 a 10 anos de idade, de ambos os sexos, da rede municipal de Cianorte, atraves da bateria de teste KTK. Para a selecao da amostra, fez-se uso do sorteio sistematico, a partir da listagem ordenada das escolas, com base no numero crescente de alunos atriculados. Foram avaliadas 931 criancas, 503 do sexo feminino e 428 do sexo masculino. A composicao corporal foi estimada atraves das dobras cutaneas triciptal e subescapular. O desempenho motor das riancas foi avaliado atraves da bateria de teste KTK. A normalidade dos dados foi avaliada atraves do teste de Kolmogorov-Smirnov. Utilizou-se da analise de variancia de um fator para comparacao das variaveis do estudo entre os grupos etarios (ANOVA para dados normais e Kruskal- Wallis para dados nao normais). A comparacao entre os sexos foi feita pelo teste gt h para os dados normais e pelo teste de ann-Whitney para os dados nao normais. O teste Chiquadrado (ƒÔ2) foi utilizado para verificar o grau de associacao entre as variaveis estudadas. De modo geral, os resultados do presente estudo revelaram que 70,2% dos escolares apresentaram niveis de desempenho motor abaixo da normalidade, dependentemente da idade e do sexo. No entanto, as meninas apresentaram niveis de desempenho motor inferiores aos meninos. Quanto aos componentes do desempenho motor coordenado constatou-se que as meninas demonstraram mais dificuldades nos saltos lateral e monopedal do que os meninos, que apresentaram niveis inferiores de equilibrio. O percentual de gordura demonstrou forte associacao com o desempenho motor, evidenciando que as criancas que tinham um acumulo maior de gordura corporal apresentaram menores indices de desempenho motor. Com o presente estudo, pode-se concluir que os niveis de desempenho motor coordenado dos meninos sao melhores do que os das meninas, porem, de uma forma geral, os resultados foram aquem dos esperados. A gordura corporal pode influenciar negativamente nos niveis de desempenho motor das criancas, enfatizando a necessidade das aulas de Educacao Fisica Curricular na educacao infantil para combater a obesidade e criar maiores oportunidades para a pratica.
Abstract: The present study, characterized as a transversal descriptive approach, aimed at evaluating the motor performance of 7 to 10 year old students, both male and female, from Cianorte municipal schools, by means of a battery of KTK test. For the sampling, a systematic drawing was performed, using a list of schools, based on the increasing number of students matriculated. 931 children were evaluated, 503 female and 428 male. The body composition was estimated by means of triceps and sub scapular skin folds. The children motor performances were evaluated using a battery of KTK test. The normality of data was evaluated by means of Kolmogorov-Smirnov test. Variance analysis was used as a factor for variable comparison of the study among age groups (ANOVA for normal data and Kruskal-Wallis for non-normal data). The omparison between genders was assessed by "t" tests for normal data and Mann-Whitney for non normal data. Chi-square test (÷²) was used to check the degree of association among the variables assessed. In a general way, the results of the present study revealed that 70,2% of students presented levels of motor performance below normal values, independently of age and gender. However, girls presented lower levels of motor performance, compared to boys. As for components of coordinated motor performance, it was possible to verify that girls showed more difficulty in side and monopedal jumps than boys, who presented lower evels of balance. The percentage of fat demonstrated a strong association with motor performance, evidencing that children with higher amounts of body fat presented lower levels of motor performance. With the present study, it was possible to conclude that levels of coordinated motor performance of boys is better than girls, however, in a general way, results were below the expected. Body fat may influence negatively the levels of children motor performance, emphasizing the need for Curricular Physical Education in children education to fight obesity and create opportunities for physical activity.
Augusto, Felipe Bartolotto Valdevino. "Desempenho e diagnóstico motor: um estudo correlacional entre KTK e TGMD-2." Universidade de São Paulo, 2015. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/39/39132/tde-28102015-072819/.
Full textThroughout childhood and youth becomes important to assess motor performance to monitor the motor development and support intervention goals. There are several tools in order to evaluate the motor performance of infants, children and young people, but an issue that is reported in the literature concerns the specificity of each instrument as to its context. Several motor assessment tools have been developed over time, and many of these are designed to measure the same phenomenon under motor development, however, such instruments may present different results for the same goal. Thus, it is important to check that these instruments allow you to make the same diagnosis. Thus, the present study aims to investigate the association between TGMD-2 and the KTK, considering both performance diagnosis. The study sample consisted of 228 children belonging to the Joint Longitudinal Study on Growth and Development of Motor Muzambinho-MG, counterbalanced by sex and age (6-11 years old). Evaluations were performed through the KTK and TGMD-2 tests. The analysis of the films was carried out by trained assessors with level of inter and intra individual above 85%. The results indicate that both the performance and the diagnosis of the tests are not associated, regardless of age and gender of the subjects. The results present a new scenario on the issue of motor assessment in childhood and allowed a discussion on the complementary aspects of the batteries on the motor development of the area in childhood
Ahlbäck, Rasmus. "Elevated temperature tests of SiC experiment for MIST : KTH Student Satellite MIST." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för elektroteknik och datavetenskap (EECS), 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-275715.
Full textElektronik idag förlitar sig på kiseltransistorer som är olämpliga för extrema miljöer där temperaturer kan nå upp till 500◦C. Andra material än kisel har föreslagits för att lösa detta problem, där kiselkarbid är en av dem. Transistorer gjorda av kiselkarbid klarar av högre temperaturer än kiseltransistorer och kan potentiellt användas för utforskning av planeter med extrema klimat eller för applikationer vid höga temperaturer så som sensorer inne i motorer. Detta projekt är en del av KTHs student satellit som kommer sändas ut i omloppsbana runt jorden bärandes på ett antal olika experiment, däribland dem finns ”SiC in space” projektet som beskrivs i denna uppsats. Målet med arbetet i denna rapport är att säkerställa att ”SiC in space” experimentet är redo för uppskjutning till rymden. Detta gjordes genom att testa vid olika temperaturer och genom att utveckla mjukvara för analysering av experimentdata samt genom små modifieringar av mjukvara skriven i tidigare arbeten. Baserat på de tester som har genomförts dras slutsatsen att kiselkarbidtransistorn har en acceptabel karaktäristik och att plattformen som kör experimentet klarar av temperaturer upp till 100◦C. Om satelliten överlever uppskjutning ut i rymden kommer med största sannolikhet experimentet att fungera som önskat och generera data som kan påvisa ifall kiselkarbid är lämpligt för applikationer i rymden.
Andre, Thiago Afonso de. "Penalidades exatas para desigualdades variacionais." Universidade de São Paulo, 2007. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/45/45132/tde-06062007-164626/.
Full textThis work intends to build upon differentiable exact penalty methods for nonlinear programming, using them to solve variational inequality problems. Such problems have been given a lot of attention in the literature lately and have applications to diverse areas of knowledge such as Engineering, Physics and Economics. Differentiable exact penalty methods were developed during the 70s and 80s to solve constrained optimization problems by means of the solution of unconstrained problems. Those problems are such that, with an appropriate choice of the penalty parameter, one finds a solution of the original constrained problem by solving only one unconstrained problem. The function which is minimized is similar to the classic augmented lagrangian, but an estimate of the multiplier is automatically calculated from the primal point. In this thesis we show how to couple Glad and Polak?s multiplier estimate, with the classic augmented lagrangian of a variational inequality developed by Auslender and Teboulle. This allowed us to obtain an exact penalty function for variational inequality problems. The best exactness results were obtained in the particular case of nonlinear complementarity problems. An important characteristic of the proposed penalty is that it doesn?t involve second order information of any of the functions which compose the variational inequality. In addition to those results, which are the core of this work, we also present a brief review of inexact differentiable penalties, exact nondifferentiable penalties and differentiable exact penalties in optimization.
Flor, Jose Alberto Ramos. "Tópicos em condições de otimalidade para otimização não linear." Universidade de São Paulo, 2016. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/45/45132/tde-18102016-101943/.
Full textThis thesis deals with the convergence analysis for several rst-and-second-order numerical methods used to solve mathematical programming problems. Our main tools are the sequential optimality conditions. First-order sequential optimality conditions oer a framework to the study of the convergence analysis of several families of rst-order methods, under weak constraint qualications. In this thesis, we will introduce, for each sequential optimality condition the minimal constraint qualications associated with it and we will show their relationships with other constraint qualications. This fact has a practical aspect, since, we improve the convergence analysis of practical methods with stopping criteria associated with sequential optimality conditions. This results can not be improved by using another weak constraint qualications. We will extend the notion of rst-order sequential optimality conditions to incorporate secondorder information. We will introduce, to the best of our knowledge, the rst second-order sequential optimality condition, suitable to the study of the convergence analysis of several second-order methods including methods based on the augmented lagrangian, trust-region and regularized SQP. Associated with the second-order sequential optimality condition, we have a new constraint qualication weaker than all constraint qualications used for the convergence analysis of second-order methods. We show the relationships of this new constraint qualications with other constraint qualications used for algorithmic purposes. We will also present a new reason why the weak secondorder necessary condition is the natural second-order condition when we are dealing with practical numerical methods
Sobral, Francisco Nogueira Calmon. "Programação em dois níveis: reformulação utilizando as condições KKT." Universidade de São Paulo, 2008. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/45/45134/tde-11042008-163904/.
Full textIn problems of hierarchical nature, the choices made by the most influential level - the so-called leader - affect the behavior of the lower levels. For each one of the leader\'s decisions there is a response from the lower levels, which maximizes the value of their respective objectives. These optimal choices, in return, may have influence in the results achieved by the leader, which also wants to make the optimal choices. In mathematical programming, this kind of problem is described as a multilevel programming problem. The present work considers a specific kind of multilevel problem: the bilevel mathematical problem. We study a resolution technique which consists in replacing the lower level problem by its necessary first order conditions, which can be formulated in various ways, as complementarity constraints occur and are modified. The new reformulated problem is a nonlinear programming problem which can be solved by classical optimization methods. Using first and second order optimality conditions, we show the relations between the original bilevel problem and the reformulated problem. We apply the described technique to solve a set of bilevel problems taken from the literature, analyse their behavior and discuss strategies to prevent undesirable difficulties that may arise.
Ducloué, Bertrand. "Tests phénoménologiques de la chromodynamique quantique perturbative à haute énergie au LHC." Phd thesis, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 2014. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01057271.
Full textJunior, José Roberto Colombo. "Efeitos do laser KTP na dissecção laparoscópica do feixe neuro-vascular cavernoso em modelo experimental canino." Universidade de São Paulo, 2008. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5153/tde-01082008-103504/.
Full textIntroduction: Electrical and ultrasonic energy used in nerve-sparing laparoscopic radical prostatectomy can compromise cavernous nerve function. Laser energy may potentially allow fine dissection with good hemostasis and minimal adjacent tissue injury. This study examines the electrophysiological, histological and thermal mapping features of KTP laser dissection on cavernous nerve function in the survival canine model. Materials and Methods: A total of 36 dogs were divided into 3 groups. Laparoscopic unilateral neurovascular bundle (NVB) mobilization was performed using either: (1) KTP laser (n=12), (2) ultrasonic shears (US) (n=12), or (3) athermally with cold scissors (AT) (n=12). The contralateral NVB remained undissected as an internal control. NVB function was assessed acutely in all dogs, and after 1-month survival in 50% of the dogs of each group. Peak intracavernosal pressure response to cavernous nerve stimulation was measured as a percentage of mean arterial pressure (ICP/MAP). Strips of peritoneum were sectioned ex-vivo with the KTP laser and US shears for thermographic mapping. Histological evaluation of prostatic fascia necrosis from the cutting surface was also performed. Results: Comparing KTP and AT groups, the erectile response to nerve stimulation was similar acutely and at 1 month (acute ICP/MAP: KTP 92%, AT 96% p=0.54; chronic ICP/MAP: KTP 95%, AT 98% p=0.71). In contrast, US dissection resulted in a significant decrease in the ICP response compared to the KTP and AT groups (acute ICP/MAP: US 49%, KTP 92%, AT 96%. US vs. KTP p<0.001, US vs. AT p<0.001; chronic ICP/MAP: US 58%, KTP 95%, AT 98%, US vs. KTP p=0.02, US vs. AT p=0.02). Mean NVB dissection times were similar (KTP 27.5min, US 19.9min, AT 26.6min, KTP vs. US p=0.21, KTP vs. AT p=0.81, US vs. AT p=0.22). Histopathology demonstrated an acute zone of laser-induced necrosis of approximately 500 um compared to 2 mm with US dissection. Thermographic assessment demonstrated significantly less collateral thermal spread from the KTP laser compared to US (mean thermal spread >60 oC KTP 0.98 mm vs. US 6.25 mm, p<0.0001). Conclusions: Use of KTP laser for NVB mobilization preserved cavernous nerve function comparable to standard athermal techniques using cold scissors and was superior to ultrasonic shears.
Cologna, Camila Takeno. "Isolamento e caracterização estrutural e funcional da Ts15, uma nova neurotoxina da peçonha do escorpião Tityus serrulatus." Universidade de São Paulo, 2010. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/60/60134/tde-29092010-100933/.
Full textScorpions are one of the most ancient groups of animals on earth. They are arthropods and belong to the class Arachinida and Order Scorpionida. The Buthidae family comprises the species that are really dangerous for human, including Tityus serrulatus that is responsible for most severe accidents in Brazil. T. serrulatus venom contains several neurotoxins that specifically act on sodium, potassium or calcium channels in excitable membranes, causing a massive release of neurotransmitters and leading to the stimulation of the autonomic nervous system. Since ion channels play important roles in many physiological processes, scorpion toxins have been used as tools for studies of the neurophysiological mechanisms involving voltage-gated ion channels and neurotransmitter release/uptake. Voltage-gated Na+ channel (Nav channel) toxins are mainly responsible of the harmful effects of scorpion venom and can be classified into two classes: and -neurotoxins. The -toxins retard Nav channel inactivation and induce a prolongation of the repolarization phase of the action potential. The -toxins shift the voltage dependence of Nav channel activation to more negative potentials that result in an increased tendency of the cell to fire spontaneously and repetitively. Voltage-gated potassium channel toxins (KTxs) are basic short chain peptides comprising 23-43 amino acid residues that can be cross-linked by 3 or 4 disulfide bridges. KTxs are classified into four large families: , , and . These peptides display varying selectivity and affinity for different Kv channel subtypes. In this work, a novel toxin from the T. serrulatus venom was isolated, biochemistry and pharmacologically characterized using a wide electrophysiological screening on 5 different subtypes of Nav channels (Nav1.4; Nav1.5; Nav1.6; Nav1.8 and DmNav1) and 12 different subtypes of Kv channels (Kv1.1 - Kv1.6; Kv2.1; Kv3.1; Kv4.2; Kv4.3; Shaker IR and hERG). The crude soluble T. serrulatus venom was fractionated by ion exchange chromatography on a CM-cellulose-52 column (2.5 cm x 63.0 cm), which was equilibrated and eluted with NH4HCO3 buffer (pH 7.8). This chromatography allowed the separation of 13 fractions which were named I to XIII. Fraction X was submitted to a reverse-phase C18 (0.46 cm x 25 cm) high performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) and the pure toxin, Ts15, could be obtained. The amino acid sequence of this novel peptide showed that it contains 36 amino acids and is cross-linked by 3 disulfide bridges. The molecular mass of Ts15 (3956) was obtained by electrospray (ESI) triple-quadrupole mass spectrometry and its pI value (8,86) was predicted by ProtParam program. However, the pI determined by isoeletric focusing was greater than 9,3. Electrophysiological experiments using patch clamp and the two electrode voltage clamp technique, showed that Ts15 preferentially blocks Kv1.2 and Kv1.3 channels with IC50 value of 196 ± 25 and 508 ± 67 nM, respectively. Uptake assays were performed by adding 3H-GABA and 3H-Glu, in the absence (controls) or presence of different concentrations of Ts15, on isolated rat brain synaptosomes. No effect on Nav channels was observed, in all tested concentrations, as well as for GABA uptake. However, Ts15 induced a significant increase of the glutamate uptake, probably as a secondary effect of its action on Kv channels. In conclusion, Ts15 can be considered a bonafide novel type of scorpion toxin that presents high affinity by Kv1.2 and Kv1.3 channels and was able to increase the glutamate uptake. It is the unique member of the new -Ktx21 subfamily and therefore was named -Ktx21.1
Cerni, Felipe Augusto. "Novo método de fracionamento da peçonha do escorpião Tityus serrulatus e caracterização eletrofisiológica das toxinas Ts6 e Ts7." Universidade de São Paulo, 2012. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/60/60134/tde-26092012-150049/.
Full textIn Brazil, Tityus serrulatus (Ts) species is the responsible for the most scorpion accidents and also for the major incidence of accidents caused by venomous animals. About 16 different toxins of Ts venom have been listed so far, being Ts1 the major one. Among these toxins, the neurotoxins with action on sodium and potassium channels are the most interest in the scientific community, due to their effect in the envenomation and ion channel specificity. The neurotoxins with action on potassium channels are composed of an ?-helix and three ?-strands formed by 23-43 amino acid residues. They are classified into four families (?-, ?-, g- and ?- KTx). The ?-KTx family is the most relevant and is divided into 21 subfamilies. These toxins with high specificity for different subtypes of sodium and potassium channels are very important, because they can be used as therapeutic tools to specific target cells. Until now, the fractionation of these toxins was done using a CM-Cellulose-52 column, according to the protocol of Arantes and co-workers (1989). The present work standardized a new method of isolation using the same column, but incorporated the use of HPLC (High Performance Liquid Chromatography), in which was observed a chromatographic profile such as the previous one (XIII Fractions), however with high resolution and more practical. Some fraction of the previous method were divided in two subfractions (VIA-VIB, VIIIA-VIIIB, IXA-IXB e XIA-XIB), showing that the new method also present high resolution. Using the new method, it was isolated the Ts6 and Ts7 toxin. The effects of these toxins were evaluated in 14 different types of potassium channels (Kv1.1, Kv1.2, Kv1.3, Kv1.4, Kv1.5, Kv1.6, Kv2.1, Kv3.1, Kv4.3, Kv7.1, Kv7.2, Kv7.4, hERG and Shaker), which were expressed in Xenopus laevis oocytes using the voltage-clamp technique with twomicroelectrodes. The Ts6 toxin (1?M) shows to act on 11 types of potassium channels (Kv1.1, Kv1.2, Kv1.3, Kv1.5, Kv1.6, Kv4.3, Kv7.1, Kv7.2, Kv7.4, hERG and Shaker), but the blocking of Kv1.2 and Kv1.3 was significantly more intense. Using dose-response experiments, it was possible to confirm this selectivity, in which Ts6 demonstrates to act in both channels in extremely low quantities (IC50 Kv1.2 = 6,19 ± 0,35 nM /IC50 Kv1.3 = 0,55 ± 0,20 nM). The Ts7 toxin (1?M) shows to act on 11 types of potassium channels (Kv1.1, Kv1.2, Kv1.3, Kv1.5, Kv1.6, Kv4.3, Kv7.1, Kv7.2, Kv7.4, hERG and Shaker), but the blocking action on multiple subtypes channels showed no significant differences, showing low selectivity among the channels analyzed. This work was important to improve and facilitate the method of fractionation of Ts venom, as well as evaluate the electrophysiology properties of the toxins Ts6 and Ts7 of interacting with different types of potassium channels. These studies will be essential for future applications of these toxins as drugs to treat channelpathies or as tools to study potassium channels structurally and functionally.
Fukuda, Ellen Hidemi. "Tópicos em penalidades exatas diferenciáveis." Universidade de São Paulo, 2011. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/45/45132/tde-04052011-114740/.
Full textDuring the 1970\'s and 1980\'s, methods based on differentiable exact penalty functions were developed to solve constrained optimization problems. One drawback of these functions is that they contain second-order terms in their gradient\'s formula, which do not allow the use of Newton-type methods. To overcome such difficulty, we use an idea for construction of exact penalties for variational inequalities, introduced recently by André and Silva. This construction consists on incorporating a multipliers estimate, proposed by Glad and Polak, in the augmented Lagrangian function for variational inequalities. In this work, we extend the multipliers estimate to deal with both equality and inequality constraints and we weaken the regularity assumption. As a result, we obtain a continuous differentiable exact penalty function and a new equation reformulation of the KKT system associated to nonlinear problems. The formula of such reformulation allows the use of semismooth Newton method, and the local superlinear convergence rate can be also proved. Besides, we note that the exact penalty function can be used to globalize the method, resulting in a Gauss-Newton-type approach. We conclude with some numerical experiments using the collection of test problems CUTE.
Sousa, Vanusa Alves de. "A função barreira logarítmica associada ao método de Newton modificado para a resolução do problema de fluxo de potência ótimo." Universidade de São Paulo, 2001. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/18/18133/tde-18042016-111117/.
Full textThis work describes an approach on primal-dual logarithmic barrier for solving the optimal power flow problem (OPF). The investigation was based on the logarithmic barrier function and Karush-Kuhn-Tucker (KKT) first-order necessary conditions. The equation system, obtained from the stationary conditions of the Lagrangian function, was solved using the Newton\'s modified method. The implementation was performed using sparsity techniques. The numerical results, carried out in five systems (3, 14,30, 57 and 118 bus), demonstrate the reliability of this approach in the solution OPF problem.
Pereira, Leandro Sereno. "Despacho ativo com restrição na transmissão via método de barreira logarítmica." Universidade de São Paulo, 2002. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/18/18133/tde-02062017-104334/.
Full textThis work describes an approach on logarithmic barrier function method to solving the optimal power flow (OPF) problem. Search was based on the logarithmic barrier function and first order conditions of Karush-Kuhn-Tucker (KKT). To solve the equation system, obtained from the stationary conditions of the Lagrangian function, is used the Newton method. Implementation is performed using sparsity techniques. The numerical results, carried out in five systems (3, 8, 14, 30 and 118 bus), demonstrate the reliability of this approach in the solution OPF problem.
Rodrigues, Ana Catarina Gomes. "Estudo da coordenação motora dos alunos da Escola Secundária/3 Camilo Castelo Branco-Vila Real: bateria de testes KTK." Master's thesis, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10348/7423.
Full textOs propósitos deste estudo foram identificar a insuficiência coordenativa, verificar a existência de diferenças entre sexos e analisar as mudanças na capacidade de coordenação através da inclusão de exercícios coordenativos ao longo de uma Unidade Didática. Participaram neste estudo 112 crianças (58 rapazes e 54 raparigas), com idades compreendidas entre os 11 e os 14 anos (12,03 ±0,413). A coordenação motora foi avaliada através da bateria de testes Körperkoordination Test für Kinder (KTK), cujos testes são: equilíbrio à retaguarda (ER); saltos laterais (SL); saltos monopedais (SM); e transferência sobre plataformas (TP). O quociente motor (QM) de cada teste era consultado pelas tabelas do manual de acordo com a idade e o sexo. O somatório dos QM dos testes determinava o QMtotal. Foi aplicado o teste t para amostras independentes para comparação dos QM entre sexos, e foi realizado o teste-t para amostra emparelhadas para comparar as fases de pré e pósteste no grupo que realizou exercícios coordenativos. Verificou-se que a maioria das crianças situa-se no intervalo de perturbações na coordenação e insuficiência coordenativa. Do presente estudo concluiu-se que há diferenças significativas entre sexos no Teste SL e o Teste SM, tendo as raparigas resultados inferiores. Os resultados indicaram que as raparigas obtiveram melhor desempenho no Teste ER em relação aos rapazes. Os resultados sugerem também diferenças estatisticamente significativas nos testes SL, ER e QMtotal do pré-teste para o pós-teste. Através deste estudo evidenciou-se os benefícios da prática de educação física constatando a melhoria nos resultados dos QM do pré-teste para o pós-teste.
The purposes of this study were to identify the coordination deficit, to verify the differences between genders and to analyze the changes in coordination ability through the inclusion of coordinative exercises along a didatic unit. The study included 112 children (58 boys and 54 girls), with ages between 11 and 14 years old (12.03 ± 0,413). Motor coordination was evaluated by the battery “Körperkoordination Test für Kinder (KTK)”. These tests are: backward balance (ER); jumping sideways (SL); hopping on one leg (SM); and shifting platforms (TP). The motor quotient (QM) of each test was obtained by consulting the tables' guide according to age and gender. The sum of the QM scores determined the QMtotal. A ttest for independent samples was used to compare the QM and gender, and a t-test for paired samples was used to compare the pre and post-test phases from the group who performed coordinative exercises. It was verified that most of the children had a motor quotient score within the interval of coordination disorder and low coordination. From this study it is concluded that there are significant differences between gender in SL and SM tests, and the lowest scores were in the girls’ group. Results indicated that girls had higher scores than boys on ER test. These results also showed statistically significant differences from pre to post test scores in SL test, ER test and QMtotal, highlighting the benefits of physical education practice on the improvements from pre-test to post-test.
Ballestero, Carmen. "Avaliação da coordenação motora, ideaias fundamentais e investigação empírica a partir da bateria de testes KTK : estudo de revisão de literatura acerca da coordenação motora e baterias de testes para a sua avaliação." Dissertação de mestrado, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10216/13787.
Full textBallestero, Carmen. "Avaliação da coordenação motora, ideaias fundamentais e investigação empírica a partir da bateria de testes KTK : estudo de revisão de literatura acerca da coordenação motora e baterias de testes para a sua avaliação." Master's thesis, 2008. https://repositorio-aberto.up.pt/handle/10216/91288.
Full textLandeiro, João Giraldes Caldeira Carrilho. "A influência da obesidade na coordenação motora nas aulas de educação física em crianças dos 6 aos 9 anos de idade." Master's thesis, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.6/5858.
Full textObesity as “abnormal or excessive fat accumulation that may impair health” has increased drastically and more and more children and teens have become overweight. Eating behavior patterns such as high calorie consumption appear to be the cause. On the other side, physical levels are very low for modernization changed the population’s life style, becoming less active and therefore coordination skills may become diminished during this development stage. The purpose of this study is to analyze the impact of obesity in children’s coordination. The carried out study consisted of a sample of 52 students of 6 and 9 year-olds boys and girls, of two educational institutions. To assess the prevalence of obesity, abdominal circumference measurement and body mass index (BMI) were used, applying cut off points and categorizing the sample in three levels: Normoponderal, overweight and obesity. The Body Coordination Test battery (Körperkoordinationtest für Kinder - KTK) was used to evaluate the motor coordination. The SPSS (statistical Package for the Social Science) version 19.0 was used to perform the statistical analysis. Analyzing the gender differences and the results it is shown that girls had lower performance levels than boys and that the older the students the worse motor performance they have. As far as obesity prevalence is concerned, both genders present high average values and similar to the healthy weight category but 25% of the sample is overweight. Regarding motor coordination, 57,7% of the students have Normal Coordination and 40,4% have coordination disorders. In addition we can state that the healthy weight population presented better results than the overweight one. Finally, it can be stated that the correlations between BMI and abdominal circumference with the results from the coordination tests point the opposite way and therefore the higher the BMI and abdominal circumference the lower the motor coordination.
Coelho, Luís Fernando Rios. "Avaliação da coordenação motora em crianças praticantes de trampolim e praticantes de outras atividades físicas." Master's thesis, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10348/9375.
Full textIntrodução: Para o adequado desenvolvimento motor da criança, é fundamental que vivencie diversas experiências no seu quotidiano. Estas diferentes atividades, juntamente com o crescimento e maturação vão permitir uma melhoria das capacidades físicas e da coordenação motora. Assim, importa privilegiar, na infância, atividades físicas que ofereçam diferentes estímulos, quer na sua variedade como na sua complexidade. Neste sentido, a prática de trampolim surge como uma atividade com potencial para melhorar a coordenação motora, tendo em conta o elevado grau de complexidade de estímulos motores e sensoriais que a prática da modalidade oferece. Objetivo: O presente estudo teve como objetivo efetuar a avaliação da coordenação motora em crianças do 1º Ciclo do Ensino Básico (CEB), praticantes de trampolim e praticantes de outras atividades físicas. Materiais e Métodos: A amostra foi constituída por 117 crianças (61 raparigas e 56 rapazes) com idades compreendidas entre os 6 e 9 anos. Para a avaliação da coordenação motora (CM) foi utilizado o teste KTK (Körperkoordination Test für Kinder), tendo sido calculado o coeficiente motor (QM) para cada elemento. Foi realizada um análise estatística descritiva. Resultados: Os resultados revelaram que o trampolim foi a modalidade que apresentou um valor médio QM mais elevado (116,44 ± 10,06), enquadrando-se estes resultados na categoria de boa coordenação (QM entre 116 e 130), sendo a única modalidade a conseguir esta classificação. Na comparação de género entre as modalidades, o trampolim apresentou valores de QM mais elevados em ambos os sexos. Conclusão: Seguindo a proposta inicial do estudo, foi possível concluir que os elementos praticantes de trampolim apresentaram um valor médio de QM significativamente maior aos valores apresentados para os praticantes de outros tipos de atividade física (AF). As diferenças verificadas relativamente ao valor de QM foram estatisticamente significativas, p=0,001 (p<0,05) com um nível de confiança de 95%. Estes achados refletem assim, um nível de coordenação motora superior para as crianças que praticam esta modalidade
Introduction: For the proper motor development of the children, it is fundamental that they have several experiences in their daily life´s. These different activities along with growth and maturation will allow an improvement of physical capacities and motor coordination. Thus, it is important to privilege, in childhood, physical activities that offer different stimuli, both in their variety and complexity. In this sense, the practice of trampoline seems to be an activity with potential to improve motor coordination, regarding the high degree of complexity of motor and sensorial stimuli witch this sport can offer. Objectives: The present study aimed to evaluate the motor coordination in children of the 1st ECB, trampoline practitioners and children with of other physical activities. Methods: The sample consisted of 117 children (61 girls and 56 boys) aged between 6 and 9 years. The KTK (Körperkoordination Test für Kinder) test was used for the evaluation of motor coordination (MC), and the motor coefficient (MQ) for each element was calculated. A descriptive statistical analysis was performed. Results: The results showed that the trampoline was the modality that presented a higher average MQ value (116.44 ± 10.06), and these results were classified in the category of good coordination (MQ between 116 and 130), the only modality being achieve this classification. In the comparison of gender between modalities, the trampoline showed higher motor coordination values in both sexes. Conclusion: Following the initial propouse, trampoline trainees had a significantly higher average value of MQ than the values presented for practitioners of other types of PA. The differences observed for the QM value were statistically significant, p = 0.001 (p <0.05) with a confidence level of 95%, reflecting a higher level of motor coordination for children practicing this modality.
Almeida, Sara Filipa Romano de. "Comparação da coordenação motora em crianças praticantes e não praticantes, da Academia de Motricidade Hora Bolas, através do Teste KTK e do Teste Eurofit." Master's thesis, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10348/9440.
Full textEste trabalho está dividido em duas partes: numa pretende-se fazer um relato da nossa experiência profissional e as razões que motivaram a criação da Academia; e numa segunda vertente estudar a influência e os benefícios, sobre o desempenho motor, subjacentes da prática de atividade física extra curricular, através de um estudo empírico. Considerando a experiência profissional dos últimos 12 anos, e as lacunas identificadas ao nível do desenvolvimento motor de alguns dos nossos alunos nas Escolas e Pré-Escolas, foi iniciado um projeto de uma Academia de Motricidade – Hora Bolas. Esta Academia tem como principal objetivo, estimular o desenvolvimento motor geral das crianças, através de movimentos coordenativos, deslocamentos, manipulações, equilíbrios, agilidade e por fim elementos gímnicos que implicam todos os anteriores. Proporcionar às crianças toda a complexidade e diversidade de movimentos e combinações motoras, que a conjectura da sociedade actual as privou. Neste trabalho procurámos comparar a diferença da coordenação motora entre alunos praticantes e não praticantes da Academia, através do teste KTK, e alguns testes do Eurofit. No estudo participaram 125 crianças com idades compreendidas entre os 6 e os 9 anos, do Concelho da Lousã, das quais 52 frequentam a Academia e 73 não frequentam. O final do estudo revelou melhor desempenho dos alunos da Academia em todos os testes aplicados, mantendo em todos, o nível de significância de 5% (p ≤0.05). Os resultados demonstram a importância da Academia na estimulação e desenvolvimento motor geral, uma vez que no teste ficou evidente que os seus alunos têm melhor prestação na coordenação, equilíbrio estático e dinâmico, agilidade e flexibilidade.
This work is divided in two parts: the goal of the first one is to give a testimony of our professional background and the reason that led us to build our academy; the second component is to study the influence and the benefits, in terms of motor performance, of the practice of physical activities after school time, applying a empirical study. Considering the professional experience from the last 12 years and by identifying some lacks in the motor development of some of our students, both in schools and kindergarten children, we began to think and elaborate the project Motricity Academy – Hora Bolas. The main goal of this academy is to stimulate the overall development motor of our children by Coordination, movements, manipulations, balance and agility that are the basis of gymnastics elements. After all, the goal is to give back to children the variety and diversity of movements and motor experiences that modern society have been taken away from them. We use the KTK and EuroFit tests to establish a comparison between our student in the academy and others that don’t attend the academy, comparing motor coordination. The sample are 125 children between the ages of 6 and 9 years old from Lousã. 52 of them attend the academy and the other 73 don’t. The study revealed better performance among the academy students in all of the test, with a significance level of 5% (p ≤0.05). The results enhance the importance of the academy in the motor development stimulation as the students of the academy had better performance in coordination, dynamic and static balance, agility and flexibility.
Santos, José Renato Cursino dos. "A influência da classe socioeconômica e obesidade na coordenação motora em alunos de 7 e 8 anos de idade." Master's thesis, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10348/5079.
Full textO presente estudo, caracterizado como um delineamento descritivo, comparativo-causal, de caráter transversal, teve como objetivo geral avaliar a influência da classe socioeconômica e obesidade na coordenação motora em alunos de sete e oito anos de idade, com realidades socioeconômicas distintas, do município de Cuiabá, MT – Brasil. A seleção da amostra foi de forma intencional. Foram avaliadas 91crianças, sendo 41 do gênero feminino e 50 do gênero masculino divididas em 4 grupos de classes socioeconômicas (CSE). Grupo “A” foi formado pelas CSE “A1+A2”, Grupo “B” pela CSE “B1”, Grupo “C”pela CSE “B2” e o Grupo “D” pelas CSE “C1,C2 e D”. As crianças tinham idade decimal média de 8,77 anos, compreendida entre 7 e 8,9 anos (19/10/2012). A prevalência de obesidade foi estimada através do IMC e o Percentual de Gorduras através das dobras cutâneas tricipital e subescapular. A coordenação motora dos alunos foi avaliada através da bateria de teste KTK. Para comparar a coordenação motora, de acordo com o gênero, classe socioeconômica e composição corporal utilizou-se One way ANOVA e para verificar a associação entre variáveis dependentes e independentes o Coeficiente de Correlação de Pearson r, e a regressão para verificar a influência das variáveis na coordenação motora. O nível de significância adotado foi de p≤ 0,05. De modo geral, os resultados do presente estudo revelaram que aproximadamente 55% dos alunos apresentaram níveis de coordenação motora acima da classificação normal (Kiphard et. al.1974) independentemente do gênero e classe socioeconômica, não se tendo registrado crianças classificadas com Perturbação e Insuficiência de coordenação. Quando se comparou a coordenação motora segundo os grupos de classes socioeconômicas, não se registraram diferenças estatisticamente significativas, apesar do grupo “D” ter apresentado média de pontuação mais elevada de Quociente Motor Total (QMT) (x=388,62). Quando se comparou à coordenação motora entre gêneros, constatou-se que os alunos do gênero masculino apresentam um QMT superior aos do gênero feminino (x=389,08 vs x=377,09), porem estas diferenças não foram estatisticamente significativas. Quanto às tarefas do teste KTK, o gênero masculino foi superado apenas na tarefa equilíbrio. A composição corporal demonstrou associação negativa com a coordenação motora, revelando que as crianças com percentuais de gordura corporal elevado apresentam piores índices de pontuação na coordenação motora. Com o presente estudo, pode-se concluir que os níveis de coordenação motora dos alunos do Grupo “D” são melhores e que tanto a Prevalência de Obesidade e o Percentual de Massa Gorda influenciam negativamente nos níveis de coordenação motora. E ainda, através da regressão podemos concluir que a única variável que apresentou valor significativo foi a Idade (p= 0,008).
This study characterized as a descriptive design, causal-comparative, cross character. The main goal was to evaluate the influence of socioeconomic status and obesity in motor coordination among students of seven and eight years old, with distinct socioeconomic classes in municipality of Cuiabá, MT - Brazil. The sample selection was intentional. 91 children were evaluated, with 41 females and 50 males divided into 4 groups of socioeconomic classes ( CSE ). Group "A" was formed by CSE "A1 + A2", "B" Group by CSE "B1", "C" Group by CSE "B2" and Group "D" by CSE "C1, C2" and "D". The age of children ranges between 7 and 8.9 years (19/10/2012) and the mean was 8.77 years. The prevalence of obesity was estimated by BMI and percentage of fat through the triceps and subscapular skinfolds. The coordination of the students was assessed by KTK test battery. To compare motor coordination according to gender, socioeconomic status and body composition one -way ANOVA was used and to verify the association between dependent and independent variables, Pearson correlation coefficient r was use, and multiple regression to verify the influence of the variables in motor coordination. The level of significance was set at p ≤ 0.05. Overall, the results of this study revealed that approximately 55% of the students showed levels above the normal motor coordination rating (Kiphard et.al.,1974). Regardless of their gender and socioeconomic class, there was no children classified as disturbance and insufficient of coordination. When comparing the coordination of socioeconomic classes, no statistically significant differences were recorded, despite the group "D" presented higher mean score of Total Motor Quotient (QMT) (x = 388.62) .When comparing the coordination between genders , it was found out that male students have higher QMT than females (x=389.08 vs x=377.09), however these differences were not statistically significant. As for the KTK test tasks, the male was only surpassed in balance task. Body composition showed a negative association with motor coordination, revealing that children with high body fat percentage have worse scores on indices of motor coordination. With this study, we can conclude that the levels of coordination among students in Group "D" are better and that both the prevalence of obesity and percentage fat mass negatively influence the levels of motor coordination. And yet, from regression analysis, it can be concluded that the only variable that showed significant value was the age (p= 0.008).
Gomes, Maria da Conceição Araújo Barroso. "A influência da obesidade na coordenação motora em crianças do 1.º Ciclo do Ensino Básico." Master's thesis, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10348/2238.
Full textA obesidade enquanto “excesso de gordura corporal acumulada no tecido adiposo, com implicações para a saúde” (OMS, 2002) já é um problema central na saúde pública. A prevalência da obesidade entre adultos e crianças está a aumentar nos países desenvolvidos. A obesidade infantil constitui-se como um dos principais problemas de saúde pública se tivermos em conta as evidências de que proporção significativa das crianças obesas torna-se adultos obesos, sendo o resultado da combinação explosiva de dietas hipercalóricas e comportamentos sedentários. Assim, o presente estudo pretende verificar a influência da obesidade na coordenação motora em crianças do 1º CEB de Cabeceiras de Basto. A amostra foi constituída por 151 alunos do 1º ciclo do ensino básico, dos quais 76 (49,7%) eram do género feminino, com uma idade decimal compreendida entre 6,48 e 11,51 (x=8,9; sd=1,36). A CM foi avaliada através da bateria de testes Korperkoordinationstest fur Kinder, KTK (Schilling e Kiphard, 1974). Esta bateria é constituída por 4 tarefas: i) equilíbrio à rectaguarda (ER); ii) saltos monopedais (SM); iii) saltos laterais (SL); iv) transposição lateral (TL). As diferenças na coordenação motora, de acordo com o género e a prevalência da obesidade foram verificadas utilizando o teste t de Student para amostras independentes e as diferenças tendo em conta os grupos etários através da análise de variância simples. A verificação da associação entre a prevalência de obesidade e a CM foi realizada utilizando o coeficiente de correlação de Pearson. Para todos os testes foi utilizado o nível de confiança de 95%. Os alunos pesam em média 30,845 kg e têm 135,46 cm de altura e o IMC varia entre 12,16 e 24,62; 15,2% dos alunos apresentam excesso de peso e 84,4% são normoponderais. A tarefa do teste em que a pontuação mais elevada foi o equilíbrio, 66,9% dos alunos apresenta uma coordenação motora normal, 2,6% dos alunos são classificados com insuficiências na coordenação, em oposição existem 7,9% de alunos com boa coordenação. Registaram-se diferenças significativas na coordenação motora entre géneros, entre grupos etários e entre categorias de prevalência de obesidade, sendo que os rapazes apresentam melhores resultados que as raparigas (p=.000), o grupo dos oito anos apresenta melhores resultados que os restantes (p=.008) e os alunos de composição normoponderal apresentam resultados superiores aos com composição com excesso de peso (p=.021). Verifica-se a existência de uma correlação negativa (r=-26) entre IMC e coordenação motora. Conclui-se que o género, a idade e a prevalência de obesidade são factores influentes da coordenação motora e que crianças obesas apresentam pior desempenho coordenativo em relação às normoponderais.
Obesity as an "excess of body fat accumulated in adipose tissue, with implications for health" (WHO, 2002) is already a major problem in public health. The prevalence of obesity among adults and children is increasing in developed countries. Childhood obesity is a major public health problem if we consider the evidence that a significant proportion of obese children become obese adults, resulting of the explosive combination of hypercaloric diet and sedentary behaviors. This study aims to investigate the influence of obesity in children of the 1st CEB de Cabeceiras de Basto coordination. The sample consisted of 151 students from the 1st cycle of basic education, of which 76 (49.7%) were female, with a decimal age between 6.48 and 11.51 (x = 8.9, sd = 1.36). The CM was assessed by the battery of tests Korperkoordinationstest fur Kinder, KTK (Kiphard and Schilling, 1974). This battery consists of four tasks: i) rear balance, ii) monopedal jumps, iii) side jumps (SL), iv) side implementation (TL). To data analysis we used SPSS v.14 software. Students weigh an average of 30.845 kg and have 135.46 cm in height, their BMI values vary between 12.16 and 24.62; 15,2% had overweight and 84,4% had normal weight. The task of the test in which the highest score was the balance followed by the implementation side, 66.9% of the students has a normal motor coordination, 2.6% of students are classified as weaknesses in coordination, in opposition there are 7.9% of students with good coordination. There were significant differences in gender coordination, between age groups and between categories of obesity prevalence, and the boyshave better results that girls (p=.000), the eight years group have better results than other (p=.008) and students of composition normoponderal provide superior composition with overweight(p=.021). There is the existence of a negative correlation (r=-26) between and motor coordination. We conclude that there are significant differences in motor skills among male and female students and among different age groups, also there is a negative correlation between BMI and motor coordination.
Araújo, Filomena Salgueiro de. "Avaliação da coordenação motora em crianças dos 6 aos 9 anos de idade." Master's thesis, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10348/5136.
Full textO desenvolvimento das crianças passa pela riqueza e variedade de experiências psicomotoras (Maia & Lopes, 2002), sendo a coordenação motora importante para a autonomia destas (Gorla, Duarte & Montagner, 2008). A presente dissertação tem dois grandes objetivos: (i) – caracterizar e comparar a coordenação motora de crianças dos 6 aos 9 anos, de acordo com a idade e género; (ii) – verificar o efeito do género, da idade e da prevalência de obesidade na coordenação motora. A amostra foi constituída por 82 crianças (39 rapazes e 43 raparigas), com idades compreendidas entre os 6 e os 9 anos (8,11 ,981). A coordenação motora foi avaliada através do teste KTK (Körperkoordinations-test für Kinder), e o IMC através dos valores de corte de Cole et al. (2000) para estimar a prevalência de obesidade. Utilizou-se o teste t de Sudent para comparar o quociente motor e o desempenho nas tarefas do teste KTK, de acordo com o género e a idade, e a ANOVA a três fatores para verificar o efeito das variáveis independentes (género, idade e prevalência de obesidade) na coordenação motora. Os resultados indicam que os rapazes (53,8%) e as crianças com 6-7 anos (57,9%) apresentam uma coordenação normal, e as raparigas (51,2%) e as crianças com 8-9 anos (47,6%) manifestam perturbação na coordenação. Os rapazes apresentam um quociente motor superior, quando comparados com as raparigas (p=,061), verificando-se diferenças significativas na tarefa dos saltos laterais (p=,001). As crianças com 6-7 anos exibem valores significativamente superiores de coordenação motora (p=,006), comparativamente às de 8-9 anos, com diferenças significativas nas tarefas: saltos monopedais (p=,002) e transferência de plataformas (p=,004). Os resultados da ANOVA sugerem um efeito negativo da prevalência de obesidade (p=.027), da idade (p=.001) e da interação da prevalência de obesidade x idade (p=.020) na coordenação motora. Em conclusão, a maioria das crianças apresenta problemas e uma insuficiente coordenação motora, e os rapazes apresentam níveis de coordenação motora superiores comparativamente às raparigas. As crianças normoponderais com 6 e 7 anos apresentam desempenhos significativamente superiores.
Children's development involves the richness and variety of psychomotor experiences (Maia & Lopes, 2002), being the motor skills important for autonomy of these (Gorla, Duarte & Montagner, 2008). The thesis has two main objectives: (i) – to characterize and compare the motor coordination of children from 6 to 9 years, according the age and gender; (ii) – to verify the effect of gender, age and the prevalence of obesity in motor coordination. The sample included 82 children (39 boys and 43 girls), 6-9 years old (8.11 ± 981). Motor coordination was assessed by KTK (Körperkoordinations für Kinder-test). To estimate the prevalence of obesity was used the BMI through the cutoff points of Cole et al. (2000). To compare the motor quotient according to gender and age was applied the t Sudent, and the ANOVA to verify the effect of the independent variables (gender, age and prevalence of obesity) on motor coordination. The males (53.8%) and the children aged between 6-7 years (57.9%) present a normal coordination, and girls (51.2%) and children between 8-9 years (47.6%) present disturbance in coordination. Boys show a higher motor quotient when compared to girls (p=.061) with significant differences in the jumping sideways task (p=.001).The children aged between 6-7 years exhibit significantly higher values on motor coordination (p=.006) compared to the ones aged between 8-9 years, with significant differences in tasks: hopping (p=.002) and moving sideways (p=.004). ANOVA results suggest a negative effect of obesity prevalence (p=.027), of age (p=.001) and the interaction of obesity prevalence vs. age (p=.020) in motor coordination. In conclusion, the majority of children present problems and inadequate motor coordination, and males show higher levels of coordination when compared to females. Younger and normal weight children present a significantly higher performance.
Figueiredo, Fernanda Gusmão Viotti Balthazar. "Desempenho motor e cognitivo de crianças e adolescentes com e sem diagnóstico do transtorno de déficit de atenção/hiperatividade." Master's thesis, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10348/7250.
Full textO presente estudo pretendeu comparar o Quociente Motor (QM), obtido através do Teste Körperkoordinationstest Für Kinder (KTK), e o desempenho cognitivo, avaliado através do Teste das Matrizes Progressivas de Raven, entre escolares, de 06 a 14 anos, com e sem o diagnóstico para o Transtorno de Déficit de Atenção/Hiperatividade (TDAH) de uma escola particular de Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brasil. Participaram da pesquisa 40 estudantes, com idades entre 6 e 14 anos, sendo 25 (62,50%) do gênero masculino e 15 (37,50%) do gênero feminino. Para avaliar o desempenho cognitivo foram realizados os testes das Matrizes Progressivas de Raven e para o desempenho motor foi realizado o KTK. Ao comparar o desempenho das crianças com diagnóstico de TDAH e sem distúrbios neurocomportamentais foi encontrada diferença significativa quanto ao QMT do KTK e para os subtestes trave de equilíbrio, saltos monopedais e transferência sobre plataformas. Não foram encontradas diferenças significativas comparando-se os resultados da amostra no subteste saltos laterais e nos testes das Matrizes Progressivas de Raven. Concluímos que as crianças com diagnóstico de TDAH apresentam desempenho coordenativo inferior às crianças sem o diagnóstico para o referido transtorno nos grupos pesquisados, enquanto o desempenho cognitivo é semelhante entre os grupos. Os resultados são coerentes com os dados encontrados na literatura e possibilitam um melhor planejamento e orientação das atividades motoras para as crianças diagnosticadas com TDAH.
This study compared the Motor Quotient obtained through the Körperkoordinationstest Für Kinder (KTK) Test and the cognitive performance assessed through Raven’s Progressive Matrices Test in a group of students aged between 6 and 14, with and without the diagnosis for ADD, from a private school in Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil. 40 students, aged between 6 and 14, 25 of which are male (62.50%) and 15 are female (37.50%). Raven 's Progressive Matrices tests were applied to evaluate cognitive performance. KTK Test was applied to evaluate the motor skills in different age groups. When comparing the performance of children diagnosed with ADHD with the ones without neurobehavioral disorders, we found significant differences regarding TMQ results, as well as the balancing bars, one-leg hopping and shifting between platforms. We did not find meaningful differences in the comparison between the sideways jumping subtest and the Raven’s Progressive Matrices Test. While cognitive performance is similar across groups, it is possible to affirm that children diagnosed with ADHD demonstrate inferior coordinative performance when compared to children without the diagnosed disorder in the researched groups. Results are consistent with data found in specialized literature and allow for better planning and guidance of motor activities for children diagnosed with ADHD.