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Journal articles on the topic 'Testing of a broaching machine'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 13 February 2022

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1

Xu, Ming, Jing Ni, and Guo Jin Chen. "Research on the Broaching-Load Testing System of Hydraulic Broaching Machine." Advanced Materials Research 328-330 (September 2011): 1709–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.328-330.1709.

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In view of the disadvantages on working vibration or even cannot work of broaching machine derived by broaching-load’s uncertainty, a testing system of broaching-load is designed. The testing system uses an industrial computer, a high-precision data-acquisition-card, two pressure-sensors, a displacement-sensor and Borland C++ to test the broaching-load on the base of broaching machine’s electronic control system. The factual application in hydraulic broaching machine shows that the proposed system has a good performance on testing-accuracy. The proposed system gives an effective solution to broaching-load testing.

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2

Chen, Guo Jin, Jing Ni, Ting Ting Liu, Ming Xu, and Hui Peng Chen. "Research and Application for Two-Cylinder Electro-Hydraulic Servo Synchronous Control Technology." Applied Mechanics and Materials 344 (July 2013): 139–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.344.139.

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The two-cylinder drive is one of many commonly used mechanical drive forms. Its synchronous control accuracy determines the movement accuracy of the working machinery. The paper established the mathematical model for the two-cylinder electro-hydraulic servo synchronous drive system, and revealed that the two-cylinder horizontal electro-hydraulic synchronous drive system has the cascade form of the linear system with the nonlinear system. Taking the band sawing machine and the broaching machine as the application object, the paper analyzed their compositions and synchronization CNC systems. Aiming at the dual-cylinder drive form for the broaching machine, the IPSO-PID synchronous controller of the two-cylinder system was designed. Through the digital simulation and actual testing, the results show that the IPSO-PID synchronous controller is faster in the tracking response speed and better in the synchronization performance than the conventional PID synchronization controller.

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3

Lin, Lv Gao, Shen Shun Ying, Shu Qiong Chen, and Xiao Tian Lv. "Operational Modal Analysis of Broaching Machine." Applied Mechanics and Materials 159 (March 2012): 170–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.159.170.

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Modal parameters for LG51SH broaching machine from operational responses are studied to examine the dynamic properties of mechanical structure. The operational modal is analyzed using PolyMAX method with responsive data of key point in broaching machine, which is excited in practical broaching operation and tested by LMS SCADAIII-105 system. The identified steady state modal, representative modal shape, modal damping ratio and natural frequency in broaching are presented. The test and analysis result shows that there are natural frequency of 38Hz and 192Hz, which are close to multiple of the fundamental frequency of cutting force in broaching, 6Hz, therefore, reasonable cutting velocity should be adopted to void producing fundamental frequency of cutting force in broaching.

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4

Ying, Shenshun, Shiming Ji, Yangyu Wang, Zhixin Li, Lvgao Lin, and Sichang Xiong. "Experimental and numerical investigation on dynamic parameters of broaching machine." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part C: Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science 231, no. 10 (2015): 1907–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0954406215623814.

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Dynamic properties of the whole broaching machine structure greatly contribute to the broaching quality and efficiency. However, it is hard to measure the dynamic parameters because they will change during operation compared with the static results from classic experimental modal analysis. This study is to examine the dynamic parameters of broaching machine LG7120KT using both the numerical finite element (FE) method and the experimental operational modal analysis (OMA). Firstly, FE analysis model of the broaching machine with the real dimension is constructed and calculated. Second, experimental results are obtained from OMA in practical broaching process, which can be used to identify steady-state modes. Modal parameters including mode shapes, damping ratio, and natural frequencies are examined, using both LMS SCADAS III-305 system and PolyMAX method in OMA. The numerical and experimental results show high agreement in their calculated natural frequencies. From the modal analysis results, it is also found the vibration normal to cutting direction can be greatly reduced by adjusting broaching speed. From the topology optimization result based on the already correlated FE model, we redesigned a lightweight machine structure with a better dynamic performance, due to its lower displacement of broaching machine at force point and its higher first-order natural frequency. The experimental and numerical results in this paper help to design the structural parameters of broaching machine and propose a better broaching process.

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5

Di, Shuan Hu, and Jin Yuan Tang. "Effects of a Keyway Broaching Machine Craft Parameters and Structural Parameters on Keyway Broaching Precision." Advanced Materials Research 871 (December 2013): 358–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.871.358.

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The 3D geometric model was established based on working principle of a new keyway broaching machine. The horizontal deformation of drawing knife blade in working stroke is analyzed by the finite element software ABAQUS. The research which effect law of the feed, structural sizes of cutter rod and sizes of cutter guiding rod on position deformation of broaching blade in working stroke given quantitative relationship between parameters of processing craft and structure and cutting precision. The selection method and way of processing parameters and structural parameters to improve broaching precision of keyway broaching machine are obtained. The research work provides relevant technological basis for the design of high precision keyway broaching machine.

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6

Park, Seok Hong, Duc Viet Dang, and Trung Thanh Nguyen. "Development of a Servo-Based Broaching Machine Using Virtual Prototyping Technology." Strojniški vestnik - Journal of Mechanical Engineering 63, no. 7-8 (2017): 466. http://dx.doi.org/10.5545/sv-jme.2017.4384.

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Predicting machine tool performance at the design stage is one way to resolve the time issue and achieve cost savings. The objective of this paper was to develop a new non-hydraulic broaching machine using a servo motor, ball screw, and roll element linear guide using virtual prototyping technology. First, we developed a multi-body simulation model (MBS) of a servo-based broaching machine to investigate its dynamic behaviour. Then, an adaptive sliding mode proportional-integral-derivative (PID)-based controller (ASMPID) was proposed to conduct the broaching process. We then performed a co-simulation between the mechanical structure and virtual controller to investigate the ram body trajectory and identify the optimal control parameters. Finally, we manufactured a prototype machine to evaluate the simulation results and determine the benefits of the new system. Our results indicated that the proposed model, which includes a mechanical structure and intelligent controller, effectively improved broaching machine design. Therefore, this work is expected to improve the prototyping efficiency of new broaching machines.

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7

Chen, Guo Jin, Jing Ni, Ting Ting Liu, Ming Xu, and Lu Gao Lin. "Study on Structural Optimization and Servo Control for All-Electric CNC Broaching Machine." Applied Mechanics and Materials 380-384 (August 2013): 562–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.380-384.562.

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With respect to the conventional hydraulic broaching machine, the all-electric CNC broaching machine has many advantages. This paper combines the digital servo control system, the double ball screw and the linear motion rail to realize broaching for the two workpieces internal threads of the different rotations and lead distances. The DSP-based full-AC drive control system was developed. The observer is used to observe the speed instead of measuring the speed using the velocity sensor such as the encoder. It solves the drive control problems for the speed-sensorless servo-motors. That is in line with the trend of the CNC broaching machine technology toward the electronization, high-speed and preciseness.

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8

Adiyanto, Okka, Park In Soo, Angga Senoaji Hermanto, and Choi Won Sik. "Analysis of the vertical moving table type broaching machine." Journal of Mechanical Engineering and Sciences 14, no. 3 (2020): 7152–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.15282/jmes.14.3.2020.16.0561.

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Broaching is a type of machining that uses a toothed tool similar to a saw. There are several types of broaching machines includes linear broaching machines and hydraulic machines. Early linear broaching machines were driven mechanically by screws. However, hydraulic machines are faster, smoother in operation, and allow for high-speed steel broaches to be used. The purpose of this study is to an analysis of the vertical moving table type in the broaching machine. In this study, finite element analysis was carried out to examine the structural characteristics of broaching machine design. A model was created in CATIA software and analyzed with ANSYS to find the structural characteristics. The friction characteristic of PBT-40 material was also investigated. This material is recommended for guide rail surface lamination to reduce the friction coefficient and ram body wear. The simulation results provide information for the next step of development before physical prototype will be made. The maximum deformation of the workpiece table was 0.0517 mm on the positive Z-axis, and the maximum deformation on the pulling head device was 0.0598 mm on the negative Z-axis. The friction coefficients were between 0.013 and 0.047 in the sliding speed range of 0.06 to 0.34 m/s. The PBT-40 material has a wear coefficient of 1.604x10-13 m3/Nm according to the test. From the ANSYS friction simulation, it can be concluded that the PBT-40 material would not easily wear out during operation of the machine. It can be seen that small frictional stress occurred on the surface ranging from 8.273x10-5 to 8.381x10-5 MPa.

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9

Meng, Zhen, Jing Ni, Yu Shi, Chuan-Yu Wu, and Xiang-Qi Liu. "Experimental Study on the Performance of Hydraulic Vibration Assisted Broaching (HVAB) Based on Piezoelectric Sensors." Sensors 18, no. 8 (2018): 2417. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s18082417.

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In order to improve the keyway broaching process and verify the feasibility of vibration-assisted broaching process, an experimental study on a novel hydraulic vibration assisted broaching (HVAB) system with double-valve electro-hydraulic exciter (DVEHE) is proposed in this paper. The performances of HVAB at different excitation frequencies were compared from three aspects: (a) the cutting force under the different vibration frequencies, (b) the surface roughness of the workpiece, and (c) the flank face wear of the tool. For precision on-line measurement of larger broaching forces, four piezoelectric sensors were fixed on the broaching machine. The experimental results show that HVAB can effectively improve the performance of the broaching process, approximately reduce the broaching force by as much as 9.7% compared to conventional broaching (CB) and improve the surface quality of workpiece. Some explanations are offered to support the observations.

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10

Wang, Bao Tao, Fu Gang Yan, Yuan Sheng Zhai, Cheng Yang Xu, and Jia Xin Guo. "Determination of Unit Cutting Force of GH4698 Broaching." Materials Science Forum 800-801 (July 2014): 129–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.800-801.129.

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Fir tree groove broaching is prone to deformation, which affects the machining precision of rear wheel groove. The numerical broaching force is calculated to improve deformation of the processed round tank .This paper uses the planer to make cutting tests that are carried out in shaping machine to simulate the wheel broaching process and measures the cutting force in the experiment. After analyzing the unit numerical cutting force of GH4698 broaching is finally obtained. It provides a simple method to calculate the cutting force of wheel groove machining.

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11

Chen, Guo Jin, You Ping Gong, Jing Ni, Tin Tin Liu, and Ming Xu. "Research on Structural Optimization Technology and Mechanical Dynamics for CNC Broaching Machine." Advanced Materials Research 700 (May 2013): 93–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.700.93.

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This paper takes the CNC broaching machine as the research object. The dynamic models for the various components of the broaching machine are established. The theories of the modal analysis and the dynamic performance are studied respectively. According to the analysis results, the improvement schemes on the partial structures or geometries are put forward. At the same time, the paper also studied preliminarily the dynamic characteristics of the CNC broaching machine. During the analysis process, the models of the parts and the whole model are established using the finite element method to optimize the structures of the parts and the whole. That has undoubtedly a very important significance for improving the dynamic performance of the new machines structure, improving the processing accuracy, shortening the development cycle and reducing the development costs.

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12

Chen, Guo Jin, Jing Ni, Ting Ting Liu, Ming Xu, and Lu Gao Lin. "Study on the Key Technology for Large-Scale High-Performance CNC Vertical Broaching Machine." Advanced Materials Research 705 (June 2013): 483–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.705.483.

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For the general broaching machines problems of structure bulkiness, poor cylinder synchronization, lack of optimization design, low-grade control system, low efficiency and operational reliability, the paper studied the structural optimization technology of the large-scale high-performance CNC vertical broaching machine, designed the new 360-degree high-load lateral rotary table, the axial-rotary multi-pass joint of the anti-leakage and the elastic-contact, and the modular slider rails, so as to improve the mechanical performance, the working stability and reliability. The remote network intelligent monitoring system and the multi-function data acquisition processor for the developed CNC broaching machine, realize the enterprise management information, the enterprise resource optimization, and the automation and intelligence of the manufacturing process.

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13

Park, Hong-Seok, In-Soo Park, and Xuan-Phuong Dang. "Development of an Electro-mechanical Driven Broaching Machine." Journal of The Korean Society of Manufacturing Technology Engineers 24, no. 1 (2015): 7–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.7735/ksmte.2015.24.1.007.

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14

Tang, Y. J., Yang Yu Wang, S. M. Ji, X. Zhang, and Dong Hui Wen. "Experimental Investigation on the Dynamic Cutting Forces in Internal Broaching." Advanced Materials Research 215 (March 2011): 234–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.215.234.

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Cutting forces generated in broaching have a direct influence on the generation of heat, tool wear or failure, quality of machined surface and accuracy of the work piece. In this paper not only a cutting forces test scheme has been proposed but also a cutting forces measurement equipment has been designed with PCB 740B02 dynamical strain sensor and LMS SCADA III test system, respectively. Dynamical strain sensor was pasted on the cylinder type sensitive elements with which table and workpiece was connected. Experimental investigation on the dynamic cutting forces in the broaching direction of a hydraulic broaching machine had been carried out. Cutting forces measurement tests on Q235 steel workpiece material during broaching had been performed. Broaching in a variety of velocities, namely, 3.3m/min, 5m/min and 8m/min and in a variety of cutting depth, namely, 0.03mm, 0.04mm, 0.05mm and 0.07mm, were investigated. Output signal was analyzed both in time and frequency domains and the key characteristics of the cutting forces signal was obtained. Correlation between the frequency of broaching forces and the broaching velocity was also studied.

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15

Chavan, Mr Shekhar. "Design and Development of Broaching Fixture for Machine Pulley." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 9, no. 5 (2021): 835–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2021.34333.

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16

Grzesik, Wit. "Development in broaching technology. Part II. Development of broaching methods and tooling devices on CNC machine tools." Mechanik, no. 8-9 (September 2021): 6–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.17814/mechanik.2021.8-9.12.

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17

Chen, Guo Jin, Jing Ni, Ting Ting Liu, and Ming Xu. "Application of High Performance Electro-Hydraulic Synchronous Servo System on NC Broaching Machine." Advanced Materials Research 721 (July 2013): 497–500. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.721.497.

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Aiming at the lower performance, accuracy and efficiency of the existing motion control process for the traditional broaching machine, the paper studies the high-performance dual-hydraulic synchronous servo drive control technology. The synchronous electro-hydraulic servo system forms the closed loop control by the detection and feedback of the output quantity. It eliminates and restrains largely the influence of the adverse factors to obtain the high-precision synchronous driving performance. The numerical control system based on the real-time error compensation and the intelligent control to the auxiliary machinery is developed. It is used for the CNC broaching machine to make the steady-state synchronous displacement error of the double cylinders be ≤ 0.5mm.

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18

Ge, Chun Xin, Ming Chao Li, Hua Jun Tang, Cheng Dong Wang, Zhi Qiang Liu, and Ming Chen. "Experimental Investigation on Effects of Tool Condition on Processing Quality during Broaching 26NiCrMoV145 Supperalloy." Key Engineering Materials 589-590 (October 2013): 366–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.589-590.366.

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Reasonable tool condition has crucial importance to prevent tool malfunction such as abnormal wear, chipping and cutting teech breakage when broaching expensive components i.e. gas turbine engines disks. This paper proposes a broaching simulation test method of using customized single tooth groove tools with a variety of rake angle and clearance angle to simulate broaching processing at shaper machine under different cutting depth. The effects of tool condition and cutting depth on cutting forces, surface roughness analyzed by Response Surface Methodology and surface morphology of machined surface were discussed, which revealed that the changes of cutting depth play a dominate role in processing quality, followed by tool rake angle, and tool clearance is subordinate. Good tool edge strength should be assured from prevent shock and vibration during the selection of tool condition.

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19

Fabre, Dorian, Cédric Bonnet, Tarek Mabrouki, and Joël Rech. "Modelling of macroscopic cutting forces in internal broaching of an X12Cr13 stainless steel." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part B: Journal of Engineering Manufacture 234, no. 11 (2020): 1379–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0954405420911262.

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Broaching operations require stiff machine tools that have to withstand high cutting forces. This work aims to develop a methodology to predict the macroscopic cutting forces on a real, internal broaching operation comprising a large number of teeth. The macroscopic forces are estimated, based on the addition of local forces that are applied to each section and are simultaneously in contact with the broach. These local forces are calculated using a model of specific cutting pressure, depending on the rise per tooth. This study uses two methods to identify this specific cutting pressure model, that is, a direct approach based on orthogonal cutting tests and an inverse approach based on an instrumented broaching operation. It is shown that the direct method is effective in identifying a specific cutting pressure model and enables the prediction of macroscopic forces. Moreover, the direct approach provides more comprehensive results in terms of radial forces.

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20

Loizou, Jamie, Wenmeng Tian, John Robertson, and Jaime Camelio. "Automated wear characterization for broaching tools based on machine vision systems." Journal of Manufacturing Systems 37 (October 2015): 558–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jmsy.2015.04.005.

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21

Yu, Chun-Min, Kuen-Suan Chen, and Yun-Yu Guo. "Production data evaluation analysis model: a case study of broaching machine." Journal of the Chinese Institute of Engineers 44, no. 7 (2021): 673–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02533839.2021.1940290.

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22

Xu, Hu Ming, Jin Yuan Tang, and Xuan Tao. "Dynamic Analyses of the Structure of the Horizontal Broaching Machine Based on Software of ANSYS." Applied Mechanics and Materials 268-270 (December 2012): 910–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.268-270.910.

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The 3D model of a horizontal broaching machine is built in inventor, and the first ten natural frequencies and mode of vibration are obtained by the software of ANSYS. Dynamic response of the whole machine is also calculated in ANSYS, the weak link of the dynamic performance of the whole machine is found combined with the result of modal analyses, consequently, settings of the cutting speed and the improvement for the structure are provided.

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23

Sarwar, Mohammed, Mike Dinsdale, and Julfikar Haider. "Development of Advanced Broaching Tool for Machining Titanium Alloy." Advanced Materials Research 445 (January 2012): 161–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.445.161.

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Broaching is a precision multipoint metal removal operation normally employed for manufacturing variety of complex parts having either internal or external features. Broaching can produce high precision and good surface finish at a high metal removal rate. The unique feature of a broach tool is that the feed/depth of cut for the teeth is built into the broach unlike other cutting tools. The tool design (e.g., rise per tooth and tooth geometry) play a vital role in the broach performance. A specially adapted machine tool modified to investigate a single broach tooth has been used. Cutting forces and material removal rate have been measured during experimental work for different combination of broaching parameters and broach tool geometry. The effect of the parameters on the surface quality produced has been established. The characteristics of chips formed have also been defined. Finally, optimum tooth geometry and rise per tooth have been recommended for tool performance, broached surface quality and efficient chip formation. The information provided in this paper will be beneficial for broach tool designers and manufacturing engineers.

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24

Arrazola, Pedro J., Joël Rech, Rachid M'Saoubi, and Dragos Axinte. "Broaching: Cutting tools and machine tools for manufacturing high quality features in components." CIRP Annals 69, no. 2 (2020): 554–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cirp.2020.05.010.

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25

Schulze, V., F. Zanger, M. Krauße, and N. Boev. "Simulation Approach for the Prediction of Surface Deviations Caused by Process-Machine-Interaction During Broaching." Procedia CIRP 8 (2013): 252–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.procir.2013.06.098.

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26

Hashimoto, Toshimichi. "IGT's New Testing Machine." JAPAN TAPPI JOURNAL 57, no. 7 (2003): 1048–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.2524/jtappij.57.1048.

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27

Abbas Aghajanikalkhouran, Abbas Aghajanikalkhouran. "Volume Creep Testing Machine." International Journal of Mechanical and Production Engineering Research and Development 8, no. 1 (2018): 657–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.24247/ijmperdfeb2018072.

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Abbas Aghajanikalkhouran, Abbas Aghajanikalkhouran. "Volume Creep Testing Machine." International Journal of Mechanical and Production Engineering Research and Development 8, no. 1 (2018): 657–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.24247/ijmperdfeb201872.

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29

van Smaalen, Tim C., E. R. Pieter Hoogland, and L. W. Ernest van Heurn. "Machine perfusion viability testing." Current Opinion in Organ Transplantation 18, no. 2 (2013): 168–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/mot.0b013e32835e2a1b.

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30

Ruth, Byron E., and Mang Tia. "Aggregate Degradation Testing by Gyratory Testing Machine." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1619, no. 1 (1998): 3–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/1619-01.

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The Gyratory Testing Machine (GTM) equipped with an air roller was used to investigate the dry and wet degradation of six aggregates. Three gradings similar to those for the Los Angeles (LA) abrasion test were evaluated in the GTM by using 25, 50, 100, and 200 revolutions. The test data indicated substantial differences in gradation of the aggregates after testing. Type and initial size of the aggregate influenced the amount and characteristics of degradation. Regression analyses of the data resulted in the development of GTM degradation prediction equations using the LA abrasion loss. The most important goal for the GTM test results was to define gradation and the effect of moisture, instead of using only a relative indicator such as LA abrasion loss. Four aggregate blends were tested in the GTM to simulate degradation produced in handling and processing of aggregate through a drum mixer and drum dryer. These test results duplicated some of the gradations obtained after the material had passed through the drum.

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31

Belapurkar, P. D. "Development and Comparison of Manual Spring Testing Machine with Universal Testing Machine." IOSR Journal of Mechanical and Civil Engineering 02, no. 02 (2016): 12–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.9790/1684-15008020212-16.

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32

Varghese, B., and K. V. Kumar. "High removal rate grinding of transmission components using CBN wheels." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part B: Journal of Engineering Manufacture 221, no. 8 (2007): 1353–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1243/09544054jem785.

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Higher productivity and improved part quality requirements are increasingly being demanded of material removal processes. While these demands impose significant challenges, in some cases they also present opportunities to consider grinding as a viable alternative to processes such as turning, milling, and broaching. This has been made possible through advances in various aspects of grinding technology including abrasives, wheel design, coolant, and its application as well as machine tool technology. The current paper discusses grinding of a nodular cast iron transmission yoke component on a dual spindle grinder as opposed to the current processes of milling and broaching. High contact length in this application presented significant problems to supply coolant to the grinding zone and had an adverse effect on wheel life. An electroplated cubic boron nitride wheel was designed with special arrangements to supply coolant to the grinding zone. This design facilitated grinding the yokes at a specific removal rate of 200mm3/mms and a cutting speed of 80 m/s while maintaining yoke parallelism of less than 5 μm. Grinding tests were conducted using water-soluble oil coolant. Both grinding power and part parallelism were monitored in a pilot run to evaluate the wheel life. The approach was demonstrated to provide lower total operating cost while providing superior part quality.

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33

Marijan, Dusica, and Arnaud Gotlieb. "Software Testing for Machine Learning." Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence 34, no. 09 (2020): 13576–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1609/aaai.v34i09.7084.

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Machine learning has become prevalent across a wide variety of applications. Unfortunately, machine learning has also shown to be susceptible to deception, leading to errors, and even fatal failures. This circumstance calls into question the widespread use of machine learning, especially in safety-critical applications, unless we are able to assure its correctness and trustworthiness properties. Software verification and testing are established technique for assuring such properties, for example by detecting errors. However, software testing challenges for machine learning are vast and profuse - yet critical to address. This summary talk discusses the current state-of-the-art of software testing for machine learning. More specifically, it discusses six key challenge areas for software testing of machine learning systems, examines current approaches to these challenges and highlights their limitations. The paper provides a research agenda with elaborated directions for making progress toward advancing the state-of-the-art on testing of machine learning.

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34

Sagawa, Hirofumi. "Automatic Friction Coefficient Testing Machine." JAPAN TAPPI JOURNAL 57, no. 3 (2003): 399–400. http://dx.doi.org/10.2524/jtappij.57.399.

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35

Koura, O. "VIRTUAL ROLLING GEAR TESTING MACHINE." International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering 16, no. 16 (2014): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.21608/amme.2014.35705.

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36

Braiek, Houssem Ben, and Foutse Khomh. "On testing machine learning programs." Journal of Systems and Software 164 (June 2020): 110542. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jss.2020.110542.

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37

Boykov, Vladimir, and Aleksandr Povarecho. "Methodology of machine destruction testing." MATEC Web of Conferences 182 (2018): 01007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201818201007.

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This paper presents selected problems connected with automation of procedures involved in assessment of machine degradation degree using vibration method with special emphasis on the machine state prognosis. The current knowledge of these problems is not sufficient and needs further research on data processing, analysis of efficiency of diagnostic and prognostic procedures, collection and selection of diagnostic parameters and development of automatic procedures for recognition and prognosis of a machine state. New solutions and different aspects of diagnostic prognosis based on the proposed partial procedures focus on factors determining automation of procedures for identification of technical systems states. New automated procedures for acquisition and processing of symptoms indicating the machine state provide better possibilities of control and supervision of technical systems operation and maintenance through identification of their current states, and its good prognosis.

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38

McAdam, D. J. "AN IMPACT-ENDURANCE TESTING MACHINE." Journal of the American Society for Naval Engineers 29, no. 4 (2009): 663–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1559-3584.1917.tb00419.x.

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39

Funnell, A., R. G. Davies, and I. R. Appadurai. "Cardiopulmonary exercise testing machine fault." Anaesthesia 71, no. 9 (2016): 1122–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/anae.13608.

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SUDA, Yoshihiro, Takashi IWASA, Hisanao KOMINE, Taichi SHIIBA, and Tomnori GOTO. "Development of Tire Testing Machine." Proceedings of the Transportation and Logistics Conference 2002.11 (2002): 435–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmetld.2002.11.435.

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41

Schulze, Volker, Nikolay Boev, and Frederik Zanger. "Numerical Investigation of the Changing Cutting Force Caused by the Effects of Process Machine Interaction While Broaching." Procedia CIRP 4 (2012): 140–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.procir.2012.10.025.

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42

Xie, Xiaoyuan, Joshua W. K. Ho, Christian Murphy, Gail Kaiser, Baowen Xu, and Tsong Yueh Chen. "Testing and validating machine learning classifiers by metamorphic testing." Journal of Systems and Software 84, no. 4 (2011): 544–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jss.2010.11.920.

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43

Patil, Abhijeet. "Automation of Universal Testing machine using Human Machine Interface (HMI)." International Journal on Recent and Innovation Trends in Computing and Communication 3, no. 1 (2015): 401–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.17762/ijritcc2321-8169.150179.

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44

Choudhari, Prof Nitin. "PCB Testing Machine of LED Light." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 7, no. 5 (2019): 4023–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2019.5670.

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45

Pereira, António B., Fábio A. O. Fernandes, Alfredo B. de Morais, and João Maio. "Biaxial Testing Machine: Development and Evaluation." Machines 8, no. 3 (2020): 40. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/machines8030040.

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Biaxial mechanical testing gained increased importance for characterization of materials that present anisotropic behavior and/or different responses when subjected to tensile and compression loadings. In this work, a new biaxial testing machine was developed. The various systems and components were designed, manufactured, assembled, and assessed. Uniaxial tensile tests were performed to validate the device, showing results consistent with those obtained on a universal testing machine. Finally, biaxial tensile tests were also performed on polypropylene cruciform specimens. The results revealed high precision levels, thus showing the potential of this new machine.

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N, Shivakumar, and Anbazhagan R. "Estimation of Inexpensive Creep Testing Machine." International Innovative Research Journal of Engineering and Technology 4, no. 3 (2019): 4–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.32595/iirjet.org/v4i3.2019.80.

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Cao, Le, and Yan Yuan. "Design for Incline Impact Testing Machine." Applied Mechanics and Materials 246-247 (December 2012): 782–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.246-247.782.

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Focusing on the actual demands from the packaging laboratory on the incline impact testing machine and the characteristics of the incline impact, a new incline testing machine with flexible impact panel has been designed. It firstly introduces the overall project design for the instrument, then gives detailed introduction to the major parts such as the winch, impact incline, impact panel, car, support and so on from the following three aspects, namely the design idea, design approach and design result, finally illustrates the assembly and usage for all the parts of the instrument. As for t this instrument in this paper, first place the impact panel horizontally, then under the drag of the winch, the car will be lifted slowly at a constant speed and the impact panel will be lifted to be perpendicular to the incline by the hydraulic cylinder. The design for this instrument has a great significance in the experimental teaching for packaging engineering and related scientific researches.

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Yu, Wei Li. "Design of 80000N·m Torsion Testing Machine." Applied Mechanics and Materials 607 (July 2014): 350–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.607.350.

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The article introduce the mechanical structure and the principles of 80000 N·m torsion testing machine, the structure and the principles of checking power unit of this kind of testing machines and the control manner and the principles of the electronic control system, than expound the benefits of the equipment and its application.

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Knapp, W. "Measurement Uncertainty and Machine Tool Testing." CIRP Annals 51, no. 1 (2002): 459–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0007-8506(07)61560-1.

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Welsh, Timothy R. "Vehicle wheel cover noise testing machine." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 100, no. 6 (1996): 3485. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.417324.

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