Academic literature on the topic 'Tests de diagnostic rapide'
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Journal articles on the topic "Tests de diagnostic rapide"
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Marcadé, G. "Tests de diagnostic rapide en bactériologie." Immuno-analyse & Biologie Spécialisée 28, no. 4 (August 2013): 167–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.immbio.2013.03.008.
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Haddar, C., E. Begaud, J. Maslin, and Y. Germani. "Tests de diagnostic rapide des shigelloses." Bulletin de la Société de pathologie exotique 110, no. 1 (January 23, 2017): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13149-016-0538-6.
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Bertholom, Chantal. "Tests de diagnostic rapide de la tuberculose." Option/Bio 24, no. 486 (March 2013): 16–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0992-5945(13)71222-4.
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Fagour, Laurence, Cristina Santamaria, and Raymond Césaire. "Les tests de diagnostic rapide dans le diagnostic des arboviroses." Revue Francophone des Laboratoires 2015, no. 474 (July 2015): 51–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1773-035x(15)30201-x.
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Bertholom, Chantal. "Hémocultures à Gram positif : tests de diagnostic rapide." Option/Bio 24, no. 490-491 (May 2013): 17–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0992-5945(13)71272-8.
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Cohen, R., L. Chaumette, E. Bingen, A. De Gouvello, and F. de La Rocque. "L'avenir dans l'angine : les tests de diagnostic rapide." Médecine et Maladies Infectieuses 27, no. 4 (April 1997): 424–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0399-077x(97)80044-3.
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Robert, Raymond, Sandrine Nail-Billaud, and Nathalie Clément. "Les tests de diagnostic rapide en mycologie médicale." Revue Francophone des Laboratoires 2015, no. 474 (July 2015): 37–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1773-035x(15)30199-4.
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Astier-Théfenne, Hélène, Fabrice Biot, Stanislas Rebaudet, Renaud Piarroux, and Eric Garnotel. "Tests de diagnostic rapide et grandes endémies bactériennes." Revue Francophone des Laboratoires 2015, no. 474 (July 2015): 63–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1773-035x(15)30202-1.
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Martinot, A., M. Aurel, and F. Dubos. "Évaluation des performances des tests de diagnostic rapide." Archives de Pédiatrie 14, no. 6 (June 2007): 524–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.arcped.2007.02.014.
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Lequien, Valérie. "Des tests de diagnostic rapide pour la légionellose ?" Option/Bio 19, no. 396 (March 2008): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0992-5945(08)70055-2.
Full textDissertations / Theses on the topic "Tests de diagnostic rapide"
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Ritouret, Isabelle. "Actualités sur les tests de diagnostic rapides en biologie clinique." Bordeaux 2, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989BOR25082.
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Andries, Anne-Claire. "Diagnostic de la dengue : trois solutions pour améliorer la prise en charge des patients et faciliter les études épidémiologiques." Thesis, Montpellier, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015MONTS146/document.
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La dengue est une maladie virale des régions tropicales et subtropicales, transmise par les moustiques du genre Aedes. Le virus de la dengue (DENV) appartient à la famille des Flaviviridae, genre Flavivirus. Si la plupart des infections sont asymptomatiques ou se traduisent par un syndrome fébrile sans gravité, le virus peut aussi causer une maladie plus sévère caractérisée par une fuite plasmatique, avec ou sans hémorragie. Sans prise en charge adéquate, les formes les plus sévères peuvent évoluer vers un syndrome de choc, potentiellement mortel. Il n’existe pas de traitement spécifique de la dengue mais une réhydratation adaptée et débutée précocement permet de réduire la survenue de formes sévères de la maladie. Malheureusement, les symptômes initiaux de la dengue avant la survenue des éventuelles complications ne sont pas spécifiques et seul un diagnostic biologique basé sur la détection du génome viral, de l’antigène NS1 ou des anticorps anti-DENV dans le sang des patients permet de confirmer la nature exacte de l’infection. La dengue constitue à l’heure actuelle un problème majeur de santé publique du fait de son expansion mondiale et de l’augmentation annuelle du nombre de cas sévères. Pour assurer la surveillance épidémiologique et le contrôle de la maladie, il est indispensable de développer des outils diagnostiques performants et faciles à mettre en œuvre, à la fois utilisables par les médecins de toutes les structures médicales, des simples centres de soins de santé primaire aux centres de référence, et utilisables lors d’enquêtes épidémiologiques pour l’investigation de nouvelles épidémies. Le travail de cette thèse a porté sur plusieurs aspects de cette problématique. Dans une première partie, un test commercial de diagnostic rapide (TDR) permettant la détection simultanée de la NS1 et des IgG et IgM anti-DENV, a été évalué, en laboratoire spécialisé et sur le terrain, afin de comparer, à partir des mêmes échantillons, les performances du test dans deux situations différentes. La sensibilité s’est révélée plus faible lors de l’utilisation sur le terrain que lors de l’utilisation en laboratoire de référence. La majorité des discordances a été observées pour la détection des IgG et des IgM. L’impact de la mise à disposition du test sur la prise en charge des patients a également été évalué et il s’est avéré qu’au cours de cette étude les pédiatres cambodgiens ont ignorés les résultats du test rapide et ont préféré suivre leur instinct clinique.Un second volet a porté sur la faisabilité d’utiliser les urines et la salive en remplacement du sang veineux pour les tests employés en routine pour le diagnostic de la dengue. Les urines et la salive sont des fluides biologiques plus faciles à prélever que le sang veineux ce qui présente un avantage majeur pour les enquêtes épidémiologiques mais peut également secourir les médecins lorsqu’un prélèvement de sang veineux est difficile à obtenir, par exemple chez les enfants. Bien que les performances des différentes méthodes de diagnostic ne soient pas aussi bonnes avec de l’urine et la salive qu’avec du plasma, les résultats obtenus par PCR en temps réel et avec les ELISAs de détection des anticorps anti-DENV démontrent l’intérêt potentiel de ces deux fluides biologiques pour détecter les infections par le DENV lorsqu’il est difficile d’obtenir du sang veineux. Plusieurs TDR commerciaux développés pour permettre la détection de la NS1 et des anticorps anti-DENV (IgM, IgG et IgA) dans les urines et la salive ont été évalués mais les performances obtenues se sont révélées peu satisfaisantes.Une dernière partie du travail a été consacrée à l’étude de la protéinurie comme marqueur pronostic potentiel de sévérité de la dengue. Ce marqueur biologique ne s’est pas révélé être utile pour diagnostiquer précocement les formes sévères de la maladieDengue is a viral disease transmitted by Aedes species mosquitoes, in tropical and subtropical regions. Dengue virus (DENV) belongs to the family Flaviviridae, genus Flavivirus. Although most DENV infections are asymptomatic or result in a self-limited febrile illness, severe diseases characterized by plasma leakage, with or without hemorrhage, can also occur. Patients with a severe dengue can rapidly progress into a life-threatening shock syndrome if no efficient clinical management is provided. There is no specific treatment available for dengue but an accurate and early fluid therapy substantially reduces the occurrence of severe forms of the disease. Dengue symptoms are typically non-specific until or unless complications develop. Only a biologic diagnosis based on DENV genome, NS1 antigen or anti-DENV antibodies detection enables to confirm dengue cases. Dengue is now a major public health problem due to both its geographical spread and the increase in the number of severe cases. New diagnostic tools are necessary to ensure epidemiological surveillance and control of the disease. These tools need to be effective and easy to use in every medical settings, from the smallest primary health centers to the biggest reference centers, and also usable for epidemiologic studies, e.g. for epidemic investigations. The work presented in this thesis was dedicated to this problematic.In a first part of the work, a rapid diagnostic test (RDT), designed to detect NS1 antigen, anti-DENV IgG and IgM, was evaluated, both in a specialized laboratory and in the field, in order to compare the test performances in two different settings, with the same samples. Interestingly, sensitivity was lower when the test was used in the field compared to the sensitivity of the test when performed in the specialized laboratory. Discordances were mainly observed for IgM and IgG detection. Impact of the use of the RDT on clinical management was also assessed during the field study and it revealed that Cambodian pediatricians ignored the results of the RDT and followed their clinical instinct.A second part of the work was dedicated to the assessment of the usefulness of urine and saliva for dengue diagnostic. Dengue diagnostic normally requires a venous blood sample that can be difficult to obtain in certain conditions such as in children or during epidemiological studies. Urine and saliva are easier to collect as the procedure is non-invasive. We showed that, although the performances of the different diagnostic methods were not as good in saliva and urine as in plasma specimens, the results obtained by qRT-PCR and by anti-DENV antibody ELISA could well justify the use of these two body fluids to detect dengue infection in situations when the collection of blood samples is difficult. Performances of commercial RDTs developed for NS1 and anti-DENV antibodies (IgM, IgG and IgA) detection in urine and saliva specimens were not satisfactory.In the last part of the thesis, the potential use of proteinuria as a prognostic marker of severity was assessed but it didn’t prove to be a useful marker for risk prediction
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Bauffe, Frédérique. "Etude de protéines parasitaires pour l'amélioration des tests de diagnostic rapide du paludisme." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012AIXM5068.
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Le paludisme est un problème de santé public dans de nombreux pays. Cinq espèces infectent l'homme : P. falciparum, responsable de la grande majorité des décès, et P. vivax, P. ovale, P. malariae et P. knowlesi qui provoquent des formes bénignes de la maladie. Le diagnostic qui fait partie des moyens de lutte, est une urgence médicale. Les tests de diagnostic rapides (TDRs) dont l'usage est recommandés par l'OMS, sont donc de plus en plus employés. Cependant, la détection et l'identification des espèces non P. falciparum par ces tests est insuffisante. Le besoin en nouveaux couples « antigènes-anticorps » est une nécessité pour améliorer les TDRs. Au cours de ce travail, de nouveaux anticorps anti LDH de P.malariae ont été produits.Une recherche de nouveaux antigènes a également été entreprise. Pour cela, certaines enzymes de la voie de la glycolyse ont été étudiées. Pour la première fois des séquences des enzymes de cette voie ont été obtenues pour P. ovale et P. malariae. Elles ont permis de déterminer de nombreux épitopes cibles potentiels spécifiques et ceux communs à toutes les espèces. Dans un deuxième temps, une recherche en protéomique a été menée pour identifier des biomarqueurs parasitaires. L'étude du culot globulaire et du plasma de patients infectés a permis la sélection de 8 protéines cibles originales. Ces travaux préparent la fabrication et la commercialisation par la société Whidiag d'une nouvelle génération de TDRs pour le paludismeMalaria is a public health problem in many countries. Five species infect humans: P. falciparum, responsible for the vast majority of deaths, and P. vivax, P. ovale, P. malariae and P. knowlesi causing mild forms of the disease. The diagnostic is a means of control and a medical emergency. The rapid diagnostic tests (RDT) whose are recommended by WHO, are increasingly used. However, the detection and identification of not P. falciparum species is insufficient. New "antigen-antibody" couples are a need to improve the RDTs performance. In this work, new anti LDH antibodies from P. malariae were produced. A search for new antigens was also undertaken. For this purpose, some enzyme of glycolysis pathway were studied. For the first time the sequences of the enzymes from this pathway were obtained for P. ovale and P. malariae. We identified many potential target epitopes specific and common to all those species. In a second step, a proteomics approches has been conducted to identify parasites biomarkers. The study of red blood cells and plasma of infected patients has led to the selection of 8 original target proteins. This work prepares the manufacturing and marketing of a new generation of RDTs for malaria by the company Whidiag
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Haddar, Cyrille Hedi. "Développement et évaluation de tests antigéniques rapides pour le diagnostic d’infections méningococciques et pneumococciques." Thesis, Lyon, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LYSES065.
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Les tests de diagnostic rapide (TDR) sont aujourd’hui des outils indispensables pour une réponse urgente en pathologie infectieuse. De nombreux tests sont disponibles pour rechercher différents agents pathogènes (VIH, streptocoque du groupe A, plasmodium …) dans des prélèvements biologiques variés (urine, liquide cérébrospinal ou LCS, sang …). L’avantage de ce mode de diagnostic est leur rapidité, leur simplicité de mise en œuvre, y compris par des non-spécialistes ou à l’extérieur d’une structure de laboratoire, et leur coût raisonnable. Dans ce travail de thèse CIFRE, nous présentons trois TDR que nous avons contribué à développer et à évaluer, basés sur l’immunochromatographie à flux latéral (LFIA). Le premier TDR cible Neisseria meningitidis dans le LCS, bactérie responsable de redoutables épidémies de méningites dans les pays à ressources limitées. Ce TDR est le seul test commercial de type LFIA qui permette de détecter 5 des 6 principaux sérogroupes impliqués dans la maladie (A/C/W/X/Y). Une étude publiée sous l’égide du CNR des méningocoques à l’Institut Pasteur de Paris montre les excellentes performances de ce test sur près de 560 échantillons de LCS provenant de 6 pays. Le deuxième TDR cible Streptococcus pneumoniae dans l’urine et le LCS, également dans le cadre du diagnostic des méningites bactériennes. Ce test, couplé au précédent, fait l’objet d’une étude multicentrique en Afrique de l’ouest sous couvert de l’OMS. Le troisième TDR est un avatar du précédent dédié aux sécrétions respiratoires. Dénommé PneumoResp, il introduit le concept de TDR semi-quantitatif en proposant d’effectuer le test sur sécrétions non diluées et, en cas de résultat positif, sur sécrétions diluées au 1 :100ème. Nous proposons un algorithme (qui fait l’objet d’un brevet en cours d’expertise) qui vise à différencier le portage de l’infection invasive à S. pneumoniae chez l’enfant. Par rapport aux techniques conventionnelles (culture semi-quantitative et qPCR), nous montrons sur quelque 200 échantillons respiratoires une excellente sensibilité et une très bonne valeur prédictive négative de ce test pour exclure ou suspecter une infection active à S. pneumoniae chez l’enfant dès le premier jourNowadays, Rapid Diagnostic Tests (RDTs) are essential tools for an urgent response in infectious diseases. Many tests are available to search for different pathogens (HIV, group A streptococcus, plasmodium ...) in various biological samples (urine, cerebrospinal fluid or CSF, blood ...). The main advantages of this mode of diagnosis are speed, simplicity of implementation, including by non-specialists or outside a laboratory structure, and reasonable cost. In this “CIFRE” (industrial) thesis, we present three RDTs based on lateral flow immunochromatography (LFIA) that we contributed to develop and evaluate.The first TDR targets Neisseria meningitidis, a bacterium responsible for severe outbreaks of meningitis in resource-limited countries, in CSF samples. This RDT is the only LFIA-type commercial test that can detect 5 of the 6 major serogroups involved in the disease (A/C/W/X/Y). A study published under the authority of the meningococci reference centre at the Institut Pasteur of Paris showed the excellent performances of this test on nearly 560 CSF samples collected from 6 countries including 5 in Africa.The second TDR targets Streptococcus pneumoniae in urine and CSF; it is also intended to the diagnosis of bacterial meningitis. This test, coupled with the previous one, is the object of a multicentric study presently conducted in West Africa under cover of WHO.The third TDR is an avatar of the previous one but was dedicated to respiratory secretions. Called PneumoResp, it introduces the concept of semi-quantitative RDT. It proposes to perform the test on undiluted secretions and, in the case of positive result, on 1:100-diluted secretions. We present an algorithm (which is the object of a patent pending appraisal) that aims to differentiate S. pneumoniae carriage from invasive infection by this germ in children. Compared to conventional techniques (semi-quantitative culture and qPCR assays), the test performed on 196 respiratory specimens showed an excellent sensitivity and a very good negative predictive value, allowing to exclude or suspect an active S. pneumoniae infection as soon as the first day
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Delshadi, Sarah. "Tests de diagnostic immunologique rapides combinant des nanoparticules magnétiques et des micro-aimants structurés." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017GREAV070.
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Cette thèse présente le développement de tests immunologiques innovants, rapides et sensibles combinant des nanoparticules superparamagnétiques (SPN) fonctionnalisées et des micro-aimants : nos immuno-essais magnétiques exploitent les forts gradients de champ magnétique de ces micro-aimants pour capturer les complexes immunologiques liés aux SPN. L’attraction magnétique est souvent utilisée en biotechnologies car elle peut générér des forces capables de capturer des molécules d’intérêt. Les immuno-essais sur billes utilisent habituellement des aimants centi- et millimétriques pour capturer des micro-particules. Réduire la taille des particules magnétiques est très intéressant pour réduire les cinétiques de réactions, tout en diminuant les phénomènes de sédimentation et d’agrégation. Cette réduction d’échelle des particules permet aussi d’augmenter la surface de réaction et ainsi d’augmenter la sensibilité des tests. Cependant les aimants millimétriques génèrent des gradients faibles qui capturent difficilement les SPN, trop mobiles. Les micro-aimants de l’Institut Néel génèrent des forts gradients locaux et ainsi des forces magnétiques importantes. Ces technologies innovantes sont utilisées dans cette thèse pour développer des immuno-essais rapides tirant profit de la réduction d’échelle des particules et des aimants, par rapport aux technologies commerciales.Dans un premier temps, nous avons développé un test immunologique magnétique (MagIA) colorimétrique, comme approche innovante du test ELISA. Nous avons réalisé une preuve de concept pour la détection d’anticorps dirigé contre l’ovalbumine et comparé les résultats avec ceux de tests ELISA. Le test MagIA optimisé présente une limite de détection et une zone dynamique similaires au test ELISA développé avec les mêmes réactifs biologiques. Les micro-aimants fabriqués selon la méthode de micro-magnetic imprinting sont intégrés à bas coût dans les micro-puits des plaques multi-puits ELISA, et permettent la capture efficace des complexes immunologiques couplés aux SPN. La méthode est générique est permet de réaliser des tests ELISA en 30 minutes avec le même équipement.Nous avons ensuite développé un test magnétique immunologique avec une détection fluorescente locale tirant profit des propriétés de capture locale des SPN sur les micro-aimants. Ce test permet la quantification de la molécule d’intérêt en à peine 15 minutes sans étape de lavage. Une preuve de concept réalisée sur la détection de l’anticorps anti-ovalbumine a été réalisée, avec des anticorps de détection fluorescents et des micro-aimants fabriqués selon la méthode de thermo-magnetic patterning. La mesure différentielle entre le signal fluorescent provenant des complexes immunologiques couplés aux SPN localisées sur les micro-aimants, et le signal non spécifique (à l’extérieur des micro-aimants) permet la quantification d’une molécule. Ce test MLFIA (magnetically localized FIA) possède des performances jusqu’à 100 fois meilleures que les tests ELISA standard, pour la détection d’anticorps anti-ovalbumine en PBS. Le test MLFIA a ensuite été transféré à la détection de paramètres cliniques tels que la protéine C réactive, l'ostéopontine, et les sérologies de la toxoplasmose (IgG et IgM). La comparaison des résultats avec des méthodes automatisées a montré d’excellentes corrélations. Le test MLFIA présente plusieurs avantages : il est versatile, compatible avec les milieux biologiques, utilise de faibles volumes et requiert peu d’énergie. Ces résultats ouvrent la voie à une nouvelle génération de tests immunologiques sensibles et nous développons désormais un lecteur miniature pour le diagnostic portableThis thesis reports the development of innovative, sensitive and fast immunoassays combining functionalized superparamagnetic nanoparticles (SPN) and micro-magnets. Our magnetic immunoassays exploit high gradients generated by micro-magnets to capture immune-complexes captured on SPN. Magnetic attraction is widely used in biotechnology, because it provides long-range forces able to capture molecules of interest. Bead-based immunoassays use common centimetre-scale magnets to attract micro-particles. Those magnets generate low magnetic gradients and struggle to capture superparamagnetic nano-particles, which are too small and mobile to be efficiently trapped. Down-scaling the size of magnetic particles is very interesting since it allows diffusion-based transport to perform faster reactions, while avoiding particle sedimentation and aggregation. Furthermore, it increases the reaction surface, which improves the sensitivity of immunoassays. Thanks to the scaling law effects micro-magnets from Institut Néel generate high local gradients and therefore large magnetic volume forces: we use this innovative technology to develop fast immuno-assays that take advantage of a radical size reduction, compared to commercial technology.We first developed a colorimetric magnetic immunoassay (MagIA) as a new approach to standard ELISA. A proof-of-concept based on colorimetric quantification of anti-ovalbumin antibody in buffer was performed and compared with conventional ELISAs. After optimization, MagIA exhibits a limit of detection and dynamic range similar to ELISAs developed using the same biochemical tools. Micromagnets made by the micro-magnetic imprinting method can be fully integrated in multi-well plates at low cost, allowing the efficient capture of immuno-complexes carried by SPNs. The method is generic and performs magnetic ELISA in 30 min.We then developed a magnetically localized fluorescent immunoassay (MLFIA) exploiting the local capture of SPN on micro-magnets. The differential measurement of fluorescence localized on and besides micro-magnet arrays allows the detection and quantification of a molecule in only 15 minutes without fluid handling. We present a proof of concept based on the detection of monoclonal antibody anti-ovalbumin. Functionalized nanoparticles are incubated with fluorescent detection antibody and the sample containing the molecule to be detected. After a single incubation step, the nanoparticles are captured on micro-magnets made by thermo-magnetic patterning. Fluorescence is then read under a microscope. Differential measurement between the signal from the immunological complex localised on the micro-magnets and the non-specific signal localised besides micro-magnets allows the quantification of mAb anti-OVA. The performance of MLFIA was compared with conventional ELISA and exhibits a limit of detection up to 100 times better for anti-OVA mAb in PBS. For further validation, MLFIA was used to measure clinical parameters: we developed a sandwich assay to detect C-reactive protein, and a serology for Toxoplasma gondii immunoglobulin G and M or osteopontin in human samples. Comparisons with data obtained with routine clinical automatized methods show excellent correlation. Our MLFIA technology presents several key advantages: it is compatible with biological media (serum, plasma), uses small volumes and requires little energy. It also is versatile and thus can be used to detect any antigen or antibody in complex media. We are currently developing a portable prototype for point-of-care diagnostics. The results will open the way to a new generation of sensitive immunological lab-on-chip
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Touitou, Robert Cohen Robert. "Intérêt des tests de diagnostic rapide de la grippe chez l'enfant dans la prise en charge des syndromes grippaux ou de la fièvre isolée en période de circulation des virus de la grippe." Créteil : Université de Paris-Val-de-Marne, 2006. http://doxa.scd.univ-paris12.fr:80/theses/th0236140.pdf.
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Djeutchouang, Sayang Collins. "Intérêt de l’utilisation des tests de diagnostic rapide du paludisme sur le coût et l’efficacité de la prise en charge des patients fébriles à Yaoundé, Cameroun." Thesis, Aix-Marseille 2, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010AIX20663/document.
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Cette étude a été réalisée dans un centre de santé de Yaoundé avec pour objectif de rationaliser la prise en charge des patients fébriles à l’aide d’un test de diagnostic rapide du paludisme (TDR). Les patients évoquant un accès palustre non compliqué et remplissant les critères d’inclusion étaient inclus et traités de façon présomptive par des antipaludiques (bras présomptif) ou selon le résultat du TDR (bras TDR). La première phase de l’étude (novembre 2007-janvier 2008), menée chez 313 enfants et adultes en utilisant le TDR DiaSpot®, a permis de démontrer l’impact du TDR sur l’amélioration du taux de guérison des enfants de moins de 5 ans, malgré une sensibilité de 71,4%. Par contre, cet outil s’est montré de peu d’intérêt chez les patients de plus de 5 ans. Au cours de la seconde phase (octobre 2008-janvier 2009), 382 patients < 5 ans ont été recrutés. Le paludisme était la quatrième cause de morbidité (14,7%); 42,9% présentaient une fièvre sans cause apparente, probablement d’origine virale et nécessitant uniquement un antipyrétique. Les enfants souffraient essentiellement d’infections respiratoires aiguës (31,4%) et de diarrhée (16,2%). Le TDR Paracheck-Pf® a été utilisé avec une sensibilité de 96,2% et une spécificité de 97,6%. Cet outil a occasionné 13,7% de traitements antipaludiques abusifs à cause de résultats faussement positifs, contre 84% pour la stratégie présomptive. Après 3 jours de suivi, les taux d’amélioration de l’état de santé des patients inclus dans le bras présomptif et le bras TDR étaient respectivement de 68,4% et 80,5%. Un cas de paludisme traité a coûté en moyenne 20 euros dans le groupe présomptif contre 8,40 euros dans le groupe TDR ; soit un coût marginal de 2,30 euros par faux positif évité grâce au nouvel outil diagnostic. Un model interactif variant ces paramètres économiques en fonction de la prévalence du paludisme a été réalisé dans un tableur Excel. Théoriquement, la stratégie TDR demeure la moins coûteuse des deux méthodes lorsque la proportion des fièvres palustres reste < 80% et le prix du test < 2,65 euros. Sur la base de ces résultats, la stratégie TDR est recommandée pour améliorer la prise en charge des patients fébriles à un moindre coût et pour limiter les traitements antipaludiques abusifs à YaoundéThis study was conducted in a health center in Yaoundé with the aim to develop a rational management of febrile patients with the use of a rapid diagnostic test for malaria (RDT). Patients suspected to be suffering from uncomplicated malaria and satisfying the inclusion criteria were enrolled and treated with antimalarial drugs based on a presumptive diagnosis (presumptive arm) or the test result (RDT arm). The first phase of the study (November 2007-January 2008), performed in 313 children and adults using the RDT DiaSpot® showed the impact of RDT on the improvement of cure rate in children less than five years of age despite the sensitivity of 71.4%. On the contrary, RDT was not useful in patients > 5 years. During the second phase of the study (October 2008-January 2009), 382 patients < 5 years were enrolled. Malaria was the fourth cause of morbidity (14.7%); 42.9% of them had fever of unknown origin, probably of viral origin, requiring only antipyretics. Children suffered essentially from acute respiratory infections (31.4%) and diarrhea (16.2%). The RDT Paracheck-Pf® was used and showed a sensitivity of 96.2% and a specificity of 97.6%. The use of RDT resulted in 13.7% of unjustified antimalarial treatment due to false-positives, as compared to 84% of unjustified antimalarial treatment in the presumptive strategy. After 3 days of follow-up, the recovery rates in the presumptive and RDT arms were 68.4% and 80.5%, respectively. Treatment of a malaria case cost, in average, 20.00 euros in the presumptive arm, as compared with 8.40 euros in the RDT arm, i.e. an incremental cost of 2.30 euros per false positive averted due to the use of the novel diagnostic tool. An interactive model based on these economic parameters in relation with malaria prevalence was developed with Excel spreadsheet. Theoretically, of the two methods, the RDT-based management is less expensive if the proportion of malaria-related fever is < 80% and the price of RDT is < 2.65 euros. Based on these results, the use of malaria RDT is recommended to improve management of febrile patients at a lower cost and reduce the unjustified use of antimalarial drugs in Yaoundé
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Tanos, Rita. "Développement de tests diagnostiques par détection d'ADN extracellulaire." Thesis, Montpellier, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019MONTT054.
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Après sa découverte en 1948, l'ADN circulant (ADNcir) a été étudié dans divers domaines. Il est devenu un biomarqueur émergent, en particulier en oncologie, un domaine dans lequel plusieurs travaux ont récemment cherché à étudier son intérêt dans le dépistage et la détection précoce du cancer. La première partie de ma thèse a été consacrée à l’étude des caractéristiques quantitatives et structurelles de l’ADNcir, en prenant en compte son origine (ADNcir nucléaire et mitochondrial) et sa structure (fragmentation et profil de taille), pour le dépistage et la détection précoce du cancer. Deux paramètres, le Ref A 67 (concentration totale d’ADNcir nucléaire) et le MNR (Rapport entre la concentration de l’ADNcir mitochondrial et nucléaire), ont été quantifiés par q-PCR dans un modèle murin puis validés dans les milieux des cellules en culture pour évaluer leur potentiel à discriminer un état sain d’un état cancéreux. Ces deux paramètres ont été quantifiés chez l’Homme, en prenant en compte d'autres paramètres quantitatifs et structurels de l'ADNcir, après réajustement en fonction de l’âge, dans le plasma de 289 individus sains, 99 individus à risque de cancer colorectal (CCR) et 983 patients atteints de CCR (n = 791), de cancer du sein (n = 169) et d'autres cancers (hépatocellulaire, pancréatique, ovarien et lymphome) (n = 23). Par une approche d’apprentissage automatique, nous avons combiné ces différents paramètres dans un modèle de prédiction en utilisant des arbres de décision pour la classification des patients sains et cancéreux. Nous avons obtenu des résultats très encourageants, en particulier pour les cancers de stades précoces. Cette méthode semble prometteuse pour une détection précoce et non invasive du cancer. L'ajout d'autres biomarqueurs, comme le profil de taille ou le profil de méthylation de l'ADNcir, pourrait encore en augmenter le potentiel. La deuxième partie de ma thèse a été consacrée à l’étude de la relation entre la quantité d’ADN extracellulaire d’origine nucléaire et mitochondriale dans le milieu de culture d’embryons, et la qualité de ces embryons lors d’une fécondation in vitro (FIV). En effet, il a été montré qu’un embryon libère de l’ADN extracellulaire dans le milieu de culture lors d’une FIV, et que cet ADN pourrait être un biomarqueur prédictif de la qualité de l’embryon et servir comme test génétique préimplantatoire (PGT) non invasif. Nous avons détecté le gène SRY dans le milieu de culture afin de déterminer le sexe de l’embryon, ce qui constitue une information importante dans les cas des maladies génétiques liées au sexe. Nous avons également entrepris de détecter la présence de la mutation Delta F508 du gène CFTR responsable de la mucoviscidose par analyse de l’ADN extracellulaire issu d’embryons à risque, afin d’évaluer son potentiel en tant que PGT non invasifAfter its discovery in 1948, circulating DNA (cirDNA) was studied in various fields. It has become an emerging biomarker, particularly in oncology, and several studies have recently sought to investigate its interest in cancer screening and early detection. The first part of my thesis was devoted to the study of the quantitative and structural characteristics of cirDNA, taking into account its origin (nuclear and mitochondrial cirDNA) and its structure (fragmentation and size profile), for the screening and early detection of cancer. Two cirDNA parameters, the Ref A 67 (total nuclear cirDNA concentration) and the MNR (Mitochondrial to Nuclear Ratio), were quantified by q-PCR in a mouse model and further validated in cell culture media to assess their potential to discriminate between a healthy and a cancerous state. These two variables were evaluated by taking into account other quantitative and structural parameters of cirDNA, after age adjustment, in the plasma of 289 healthy individuals, 99 individuals at risk of colorectal cancer (CRC) and 983 patients with CRC (n = 791), breast cancer (n = 169) and other cancers (hepatocellular, pancreatic, ovarian and lymphoma) (n = 23). Through a machine learning approach, we combined these different parameters into a prediction model using decision trees for the classification of healthy and cancer patients. We have obtained very encouraging results, especially for early-stage cancers. This method seems promising for early and non-invasive cancer detection. The addition of other biomarkers such as the size profile of the cirDNA or the detection of methylation markers could further increase its potential.The second part of my thesis was devoted to the study of the relationship between the quantity of extracellular DNA of nuclear and mitochondrial origin in the embryo culture medium, and the quality of these embryos during in vitro fertilization (IVF). It has been shown that an embryo releases extracellular DNA into the culture medium during IVF, and that this DNA could be a predictive biomarker of embryo quality and thus be used as a non-invasive preimplantation genetic test (PGT). We detected, as well, the SRY gene in the culture medium to determine the sex of the embryo, which is an important information in the case of gender-related genetic disorders. We also tried to detect the presence of the Delta F508 mutation of the CFTR gene responsible for cystic fibrosis, by analyzing extracellular DNA from high-risk embryos to assess its potential as a non-invasive PGT
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Cohen, Jérémie. "Stratégies diagnostiques des pharyngites de l'enfant : du test de diagnostic rapide aux règles de décision clinique." Thesis, Paris 5, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA05S011/document.
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Introduction – La place des tests de diagnostic rapide (TDR) et des règles de décision cliniques (RDC) pour le diagnostic des pharyngites à streptocoque du groupe A (SGA) chez l’enfant varie selon les recommandations internationales en raison de doutes sur la stabilité des performances diagnostiques du TDR et d’une validation insuffisante des RDC. Méthodes – Dans une étude prospective multicentrique (n=17) ambulatoire réalisée au sein du réseau clinique pédiatrique ACTIV de 2009 à 2011, 1776 enfants avec pharyngite ou sains ont été soumis à des prélèvements de gorge pour réaliser un TDR et une mise en culture (test de référence). Nous avons étudié l’effet indépendant de variables liées aux patients et aux médecins sur les performances diagnostiques du TDR, exploré systématiquement les faux-Positifs (FP) du TDR et réalisé une validation externe et une comparaison des RDC existantes. Résultats – La sensibilité du TDR (en moyenne 87%) variait selon la présentation clinique (âge, signes cliniques), l’inoculum bactérien et le phénomène de portage (paramètres aussi liés entre eux), et selon des variables liées aux médecins (dont le type d’activité clinique). La valeur prédictive négative du TDR était élevée (autour de 90%) et stable. Les FP du TDR étaient positifs pour le SGA en PCR. Aucune RDC n’était satisfaisante en termes de calibration et de discrimination. Conclusion – Le TDR est suffisant pour le diagnostic de pharyngite à SGA si les cliniciens évaluent leurs propres performances et les améliorent si besoin. Aucune RDC ne peut être recommandée en pratique clinique en pédiatrieBackground – The roles of rapid antigen detection tests (RADT) and clinical prediction rules (CPR) for the diagnosis of group A streptococcus (GAS) in children with pharyngitis vary across international clinical guidelines. This might be related to unstable diagnostic accuracy of RADTs and insufficient validation of CPRs. Methods – In a prospective multicenter (n=17) office-Based study that took place in France within the ACTIV network between 2009 and 2011, 1776 children with pharyngitis or healthy controls underwent throat swabs to perform a RADT and a throat culture (reference standard). We assessed the independent effect of patient- and physician-Level characteristics on the accuracy of a RADT, systematically re-Analyzed RADT false-Positive results, and externally validated and compared existing CPRs. Results – RADT sensitivity (overall 87%) varied according to clinical signs and symptoms, bacterial inoculum size and GAS throat carriage (factors also related to each other), and according to physician-Level characteristics (including type of clinical practice). RADT negative predictive value was high (about 90%) and stable. RADT false-Positives were positive for GAS when using a new PCR technique. No CPR had sufficient performances regarding calibration and discrimination. Conclusions – RADTs are sufficient for diagnosing GAS pharyngitis if clinicians accept diagnostic accuracy monitoring and adequate training when needed. No CPR can be recommended for use in pediatrics
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Chartrand, Caroline. "Rapid influenza diagnostic tests: a meta-analysis of 127 studies." Thesis, McGill University, 2011. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=104871.
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BACKGROUND: Timely diagnosis of influenza is important to administer appropriate antiviral therapy, institute proper infection control measures, and decrease ancillary test usage. While viral culture or reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) are considered the most accurate diagnostic tests, a vast array of rapid influenza diagnostic tests (RIDTs) is available and could potentially impact patient management at the point-of-care. OBJECTIVE: To summarize, using meta-analysis, available evidence on the diagnostic accuracy of RIDTs compared to a reference standard in adults and children with influenza-like illness and to evaluate patient and test factors associated with higher accuracy.METHODS: Four databases (MEDLINE, EMBASE, Biosis, Web of Science) were searched up to and including September 2010 for studies on RIDTs' accuracy compared to a reference standard of either RT-PCR (first choice) or viral culture. Sensitivity and specificity were pooled using a bivariate random effects regression model and investigation of heterogeneity was done using subgroup analyses and meta-regression using an extension of the summary receiver operating characteristic curve (SROC) model. RESULTS: A total of 100 articles, comprising 127 studies were identified. The pooled sensitivity of all RIDTs was 64.5% (95% CI: 60.6, 68.6), while the pooled specificity was 98.1% (95% CI: 97.3, 98.6). Sensitivity estimates were highly heterogeneous. Some of this heterogeneity was explained by significantly higher sensitivity in children (71.1%, 95% CI: 65.6, 76.1) than in adults (51.6%, 95% CI: 43.9, 59.1). Virus type also accounted for some of the heterogeneity in sensitivity (68.0%, 95% CI: 62.3, 73.1, for influenza A versus 51.8%, 95% CI: 42.8, 60.6, for influenza B) as well as the circulating strain of influenza A (56.9%, 95% CI: 50.9, 62.6, for influenza A/H1N1/2009 versus 72.8%, 95% CI: 65.9-78.8, for other seasonal influenza A strains). Finally, RIDTs performed better when compared against culture as the reference standard (sensitivity of 71.0%, 95% CI: 65.9, 75.6) than when compared against RT-PCR (sensitivity of 56.0%, 95% CI: 49.7, 62.1). Few studies reported duration of symptoms before testing, but studies that did showed a trend toward better accuracy at 24-48h with a rapid decline thereafter. When a meta-regression was conducted including several study-level covariates, only age remained significant with a relative diagnostic odds ratio (RDOR) of 2.67 (95% CI: 1.17, 6.11) for children versus adults.CONCLUSION: RIDTs have modest sensitivity and high specificity, but heterogeneity in sensitivity is a concern. While they are more accurate in children than adults, and for influenza A compared to influenza B, these factors do not completely explain the heterogeneity in sensitivity. Because of their high specificity, RIDTs may be useful to rule in influenza. However, a negative test cannot be used to rule out influenza and should be confirmed by one of the reference standard tests. Further work is needed to summarize the clinical impact of RIDTs on patient management and patient-important outcomes.INTRODUCTION: Poser rapidement le diagnostic d'influenza permet d'administrer une thérapie antivirale appropriée, de débuter en temps opportun des mesures de prévention des infections et de diminuer le recours à d'autres tests diagnostiques. Bien que la culture virale et le RT-PCR demeurent les outils diagnostiques les plus fiables, il existe une vaste gamme de tests de diagnostic rapide de l'influenza (TDRI) pouvant potentiellement avoir un impact sur la prise en charge des patients. OBJECTIFS: Résumer, par le biais d'une méta-analyse, l'ensemble des données disponibles sur la sensibilité et la spécificité des TDRIs comparés à un test de référence, chez les adultes et les enfants souffrant d'un syndrome d'allure grippal, ainsi qu'évaluer les facteurs liés au test ou au patient qui sont associés à une plus grande fiabilité. MÉTHODES: Nous avons cherché à travers quatre bases de données (PubMed, EMBASE, Biosis, Web of Science), jusqu'en septembre 2010, pour des études sur la fiabilité des TDRIs comparés au RT-PCR (1er choix) ou à la culture virale. Nous avons méta-analysé la sensibilité et spécificité des TDRIs au moyen d'un bivariate random effect regression model et tenté d'expliquer l'hétérogénéité des résultats au moyen d'analyses de sous-groupes et d'une méta-régression, via une extension du modèle SROC (summary receiver operating characteristic curve).RÉSULTATS: Nous avons identifiés 100 articles, comprenant 127 études. La sensibilité globale des TDRIs était de 64.5% (95% CI: 60.6, 68.6), alors que leur spécificité globale était de 98.1% (95% CI: 97.3, 98.6). Par contre, on a retrouvé une grande hétérogénéité au niveau de la sensibilité. Une partie de cette hétérogénéité pourrait être expliquée par une sensibilité significativement plus élevée lorsque le test est utilisé chez les enfants (71.1%, 95% CI: 65.6, 76.1) plutôt que chez les adultes (51.6%, 95% CI: 43.9, 59.1). La sensibilité des TDRIs variait également en fonction du type de virus (68.0%, 95% CI: 62.3, 73.1, pour l'influenza A versus 51.8%, 95% CI: 42.8, 60.6, pour l'influenza B) ainsi que de la souche d'influenza A en circulation (56.9%, 95% CI: 50.9, 62.6, pour l'influenza A/H1N1/2009 versus 72.8%, 95% CI: 65.9-78.8, pour les autres souches saisonnières d'influenza A). Finalement, les TDRIs affichaient une meilleure performance lorsque comparés à la culture virale (sensibilité: 71.0%, 95% CI: 65.9, 75.6) plutôt qu'au RT-PCR (sensibilité: 56.0%, 95% CI: 49.7, 62.1). Peu d'études ont évalué l'effet de la durée des symptômes sur la fiabilité des TDRIs, mais les quelques études qui se sont penchées sur le sujet tendaient à démontrer une meilleure sensibilité 24-48h après le début des symptômes suivi d'un déclin rapide. Lorsque plusieurs de ces variables furent analysées en même temps, au moyen d'une méta-régression, seulement l'âge est demeuré significativement associé à la fiabilité des TDRIs, avec un rapport de cotes diagnostiques de 2.67 (95% CI: 1.17, 6.11) pour les enfants versus les adultes.CONCLUSION: Les TDRIs ont une sensibilité modeste et une bonne spécificité, mais une grande hétérogénéité au niveau de la sensibilité demeure une préoccupation. Bien que les TDRIs soient plus fiables chez les enfants que chez les adultes et pour détecter l'influenza A versus l'influenza B, ces facteurs ne suffisent pas à expliquer l'hétérogénéité notée au niveau de la sensibilité. Puisqu'ils sont très spécifiques, les TDRIs sont utiles pour confirmer le diagnostic d'influenza. Cependant, un TDRI négatif n'est pas suffisant pour infirmer le diagnostic d'influenza et devrait être confirmé au moyen d'un des tests de référence. D'autres études sont nécessaires pour résumer l'impact clinique des TDRIs sur la prise en charge des patients.
Books on the topic "Tests de diagnostic rapide"
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World Health Organization. Regional Office for the Western Pacific. Methods for field trials of malaria rapid diagnostic tests. Manila: World Health Organization, Western Pacific Region, 2009.
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(Firm), Find/SVP, ed. The market for rapid in vitro diagnostic tests. New York, N.Y: Find/SVP, 1997.
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Special Programme for Research and Training in Tropical Diseases, Foundation for Innovative New Diagnostics, and Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (U.S.), eds. Malaria rapid diagnostic test performance: Results of WHO product testing of malaria RDTs : round 2 (2009). Geneva: World Health Organization on behalf of the Special Programme for Research and Training in Tropical Diseases, 2010.
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Ann, Shuttleworth, and Nursing Times Publication, eds. Diagnostic tests. London: Emap Healthcare, 2003.
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Corporation, Springhouse, ed. Diagnostic tests. Springhouse, Pa: Springhouse Corp., 1985.
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Thompson, Matthew, and Ann Van den Bruel. Diagnostic Tests Toolkit. Oxford, UK: Wiley-Blackwell, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781119951827.
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Ann, Van den Bruel, ed. Diagnostic tests toolkit. Chichester, West Sussex, UK: Wiley-Blackwell, 2011.
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Lippincott Williams & Wilkins., ed. Deciphering diagnostic tests. Philadelphia: Wolters Kluwer Health/Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2008.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Tests de diagnostic rapide"
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Campbell, Sheldon, and Marie L. Landry. "Rapid Antigen Tests." In Advanced Techniques in Diagnostic Microbiology, 31–51. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-3970-7_3.
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Campbell, Sheldon, and Marie L. Landry. "Rapid Microbial Antigen Tests." In Advanced Techniques in Diagnostic Microbiology, 99–125. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-33900-9_5.
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Hurt, A. C., and I. G. Barr. "Rapid Diagnostic Tests for Influenza." In Revolutionizing Tropical Medicine, 191–201. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781119282686.ch11.
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Marks, Michael. "Rapid Diagnostic Tests for Yaws." In Revolutionizing Tropical Medicine, 213–23. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781119282686.ch13.
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Mabey, David, Michael Marks, and Rosanna W. Peeling. "Rapid Diagnostic Tests for Syphilis." In Revolutionizing Tropical Medicine, 126–36. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781119282686.ch6.
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Boelaert, Marleen, Suman Rijal, and François Chappuis. "Rapid Diagnostic Tests for Visceral Leishmaniasis." In Revolutionizing Tropical Medicine, 170–80. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781119282686.ch9.
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Healing, Timothy D. "Diagnostic Laboratories, Rapid Diagnostic Tests, and Collecting and Handling Diagnostic Specimens." In Conflict and Catastrophe Medicine, 873–85. London: Springer London, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-2927-1_51.
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Lejon, Veerle, Epco Hasker, and Philippe Büscher. "Rapid Diagnostic Tests for Human African Trypanosomiasis." In Revolutionizing Tropical Medicine, 159–69. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781119282686.ch8.
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Kaneko, Kazunari. "Rapid Diagnostic Tests for Oxidative Stress Status." In Studies on Pediatric Disorders, 137–48. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-0679-6_8.
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Lessells, Richard. "Rapid Point-of-Care Diagnostic Tests for Tuberculosis." In Revolutionizing Tropical Medicine, 105–25. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781119282686.ch5.
Full textConference papers on the topic "Tests de diagnostic rapide"
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Gupta, Krishnam, Yongshao Ruan, Ahmed Ibrahim, Rouella Mendonca, Shawna Cooper, Sarah Morris, and David Hattery. "Transforming Rapid Diagnostic Tests into Trusted Diagnostic Tools in LMIC using AI." In 2023 IEEE Conference on Artificial Intelligence (CAI). IEEE, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cai54212.2023.00136.
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Feng, Steve, Romain Caire, Bingen Cortazar, Mehmet Turan, Andrew Wong, and Aydogan Ozcan. "Google Glass-based Rapid Analysis of Immuno-chromatographic Diagnostic Tests." In Frontiers in Optics. Washington, D.C.: OSA, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/fio.2015.fm2b.2.
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Ramona, Stoicescu, Stoicescu Razvan-Alexandru, Codrin Gheorghe, and Schroder Verginica. "LABORATORY METHODS AND PREVALENCE OF SARS-COV-2 INFECTIONS IN THE 2ND SEMESTER OF 2021 IN THE EMERGENCY CLINICAL COUNTY HOSPITAL OF CONSTANTA." In GEOLINKS Conference Proceedings. Saima Consult Ltd, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.32008/geolinks2021/b1/v3/11.
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"Diagnosing infections with SARS-CoV-2 is still of great interest due to the health and economic impact of COVID pandemic. The 4th wave of the COVID-19 pandemic is expected and is considered to be stronger and faster due to the dominance of Delta variant which is highly contagious [1]. SARS-CoV-2 also known as 2019-nCoV is one of the three coronaviruses (together with SARS-CoV or SARS-CoV1/Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus), MERS-CoV /Middle East Respiratory Syndrome coronavirus) which can cause severe respiratory tract infections in humans [2]. Early diagnosis in COVID 19 infection is the key for preventing infection transmission in collectivity and proper medical care for the ill patients. Gold standard for diagnosing SARS-Co-V-2 infection according to WHO recommendation is using nucleic acid amplification tests (NAAT)/ reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). The search is on to develop reliable but less expensive and faster diagnostic tests that detect antigens specific for SARS-CoV-2 infection. Antigen-detection diagnostic tests are designed to directly detect SARSCoV-2 proteins produced by replicating virus in respiratory secretions so-called rapid diagnostic tests, or RDTs. The diagnostic development landscape is dynamic, with nearly a hundred companies developing or manufacturing rapid tests for SARS-CoV-2 antigen detection [3]. In the last 3 months our hospital introduced the antigen test or Rapid diagnostic tests (RDT) which detects the presence of viral proteins (antigens) expressed by the COVID-19 virus in a sample from the respiratory tract of a person. All RDT were confirmed next day with a RT-PCR. The number of positive cases detected during 3 months in our laboratory was 425. There were 326 positive tests in April, 106 positive tests in May and 7 positive tests in June. Compared with the number of positive tests in the 1st semester of 2021, the positive tests have significantly declined."
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Litau, I. S., M. V. Alvarez Figueroa, A. A. Kazyulina, and L. V. Domotenko. "EVALUATION OF ANALYTICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF TB DIAGNOSTIC REAGENT KITS ON DOMESTIC CONTROL PANEL OF EXTERNAL QUALITY ASSESSMENT SAMPLES." In Molecular Diagnostics and Biosafety. Federal Budget Institute of Science 'Central Research Institute for Epidemiology', 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.36233/978-5-9900432-9-9-216.
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The WHO tuberculosis eradication strategy includes early diagnosis of the disease through rapid diagnostic tests using molecular diagnostic techniques. For their correct use, it is necessary to improve the quality of laboratory services, including external quality assessment (EQA). In the course of the study on evaluation of analytical characteristics of TB diagnostic kits, 100% sensitivity and specificity are shown on the domestic control panel of EQA samples over a 5-year period. When determining the reproducibility of both sets of reagents, the CV did not exceed 15%.
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Park, Chunjong, Alex Mariakakis, Jane Yang, Diego Lassala, Yasamba Djiguiba, Youssouf Keita, Hawa Diarra, et al. "Supporting Smartphone-Based Image Capture of Rapid Diagnostic Tests in Low-Resource Settings." In ICTD2020: Information and Communication Technologies and Development. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3392561.3394630.
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Misirli, Gabriel, Keila Santos, Rafaela Diniz, Juliana Nascimento, Wagner Santos, Ingrid Correia, Lauro Laurentino, Wendell Dias, Edimilson Silva, and Antônio Ferreira. "Comparing Blue and Red Gold Nanoparticles in Protein A Bioconjugation for Rapid Diagnostic Tests." In International Symposium on Immunobiological. Instituto de Tecnologia em Imunobiológicos, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.35259/isi.biomang.2024_63914.
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Butler, Steven W., Krishna R. Pattipati, Allan Volponi, Jon Hull, Ravi Rajamani, and Jason Siegel. "An Assessment Methodology for Data-Driven and Model-Based Techniques for Engine Health Monitoring." In ASME Turbo Expo 2006: Power for Land, Sea, and Air. ASMEDC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2006-91096.
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In this paper, we will discuss the performance, evaluation, and optimization of pattern recognition techniques for applications in system diagnostics. One reason for measuring performance of a diagnostic technique is to clearly quantify it. Another is to compare its performance with that of competing designs. We discuss traditional dichotomous performance measures as well as extensions of these methods to handle multiple classes. We describe a MATLAB toolbox that we have designed to aid developers in rapid testing and optimization. The tool allows the user to select test features, design tests, determine optimal decision thresholds and improve diagnostic performance. The toolbox is demonstrated using modeled engine data. For illustrative purposes, the performances of Partial Least Squares, Principle Component Analysis, Support Vector Machine, and Probabilistic Neural Network data-driven classifiers are compared to that of a model-based classifier developed for a particular engine using modeled data.
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Mersni, M., W. Ayed, N. Belloumi, I. Bachouch, N. Mechergui, D. Brahim, R. Nakhli, E. Bechrifa, N. Ladhari, and I. Youssef. "Contribution of SARS-CoV-2 antigen rapid diagnostic tests for diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 infection among health care professionals." In ERS International Congress 2022 abstracts. European Respiratory Society, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1183/13993003.congress-2022.4052.
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Wolffenbuttel, Karina, Márcia Fernandes dos Santos, Tânia Regina Corrêa de Souza, Ivone Aparecida de Paula, and Maria Clara Gianna. "P3.116 Improving access to hiv diagnosis by expanding implementation of rapid diagnostic tests in the state of sao paulo, brazil (2006 to 2016)." In STI and HIV World Congress Abstracts, July 9–12 2017, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. BMJ Publishing Group Ltd, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/sextrans-2017-053264.351.
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Darie, Cristina, Diana Bulgaru Iliescu, Sorin Ungurianu, and Anamaria Ciubara. "THE ONSET OF DEMENTIA THROUGH THE COTARD SYNDROME - THE DELIRIUM OF NEGATION." In The European Conference of Psychiatry and Mental Health "Galatia". Archiv Euromedica, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.35630/2022/12/psy.ro.21.
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ICD-10 (The ICD-10 Classification of Mental and Behavioral Disorders. Clinical description and diagnostic guidelines) Introduction. Cotard syndrome is a neuropsychiatric pathology that is uncommon in medical practice but has a significant impact on public awareness of the importance of mental health. This mental disorder is also known as negation delirium, living dead syndrome, nihilistic delirium, or walking corpse syndrome. Objectives. A clinical case of a patient diagnosed with dementia due to late-onset Alzheimer's disease is presented; dementia also includes symptoms of Cotard's syndrome. Over time, the transmission of knowledge and data about Cotard Syndrome, despite its very low frequency, has become a pathology that intrigues and inspires curiosity among individuals. Consciousness of the existence of this delirious illness and the accurate definition of the symptoms of a dual diagnosis are required in a number of psychiatric pathologies. Method. This document was created using the "Elisabeta Doamna" psychiatry hospital Database from Galati, Romania, where patient data was acquired and admitted to the Psychiatry Clinic Section II. In addition, a variety of bibliographical references and diagnostic criteria were utilized, including the ICD-10 (the Classification of Mental and Behavioral Disorders, Clinical Description, and Diagnostic Guidelines), the DSM-5 (the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders), and the psychometric tests: the MMSE (the Mini Mental Status Test) and the GAFS (the Global Functioning Assessment Scale). Results and Conclusions Despite having no psychiatric history, the patient arrived at the psychiatric hospital after experiencing psychiatric symptoms caused by both Alzheimer's disease and Cotard's syndrome, symptoms that were ignored and gradually deteriorated, resulting in full-blown delirium, rapid dementia degradation, and a not-very-favorable outlook.
Reports on the topic "Tests de diagnostic rapide"
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Levisohn, Sharon, Mark Jackwood, and Stanley Kleven. New Approaches for Detection of Mycoplasma iowae Infection in Turkeys. United States Department of Agriculture, February 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/1995.7612834.bard.
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Mycoplasma iowae (Mi) is a pathogenic avian mycoplasma which causes mortality in turkey embryos and as such has clinical and economic significance for the turkey breeder industry. Control of Mi infection is severely hampered by lack of adequate diagnostic tests, together with resistance to most antibiotics and resilience to environment. A markedly high degree of intra-species antigenic variation also contributes to difficulties in detection and control of infection. In this project we have designed an innovative gene-based diagnostic test based on specific amplification of the 16S rRNA gene of Mi. This reaction, designed Multi-species PCR-RFLP test, also amplifies the DNA of the pathogenic avian mycoplasmas M. gallisepticum (Mg) and M. synoviae (Ms). This test detects DNA equivalent to about 300 cfu Mi or either of the other two target mycoplasmas, individually or in mixed infection. It is a quick test, applicable to a wide variety of clinical samples, such as allantoic fluid or tracheal or cloacal swab suspensions. Differential diagnosis is carried out by gel electro-phoresis of the PCR amplicon digested with selected restriction enzymes (Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism). This can also be readily accomplished by using a simple Dot-Blot hybridization assay with digoxigenin-labeled oligonucleotide probes reacting specifically with unique Mi, Mg or Ms sequences in the PCR amplicon. The PCR/OLIGO test increased sensitivity by at least 10-fold with a capacity for rapid testing of large numbers of samples. Experimental infection trials were carried out to evaluate the diagnostic tools and to study pathogenesis of Mi infection. Field studies and experimental infection of embryonated eggs indicated both synergistic and competitive interaction of mycoplasma pathogens in mixed infection. The value of the PCR diagnostic tests for following the time course of egg transmission was shown. A workable serological test (Dot Immunobinding Assay) was also developed but there was no clear-cut evidence that infected turkeys develop an immune response. Typing of a wide spectrum of Mi field isolates by a variety of gene-based molecular techniques indicated a higher degree of genetic homogeneity than predicted on the basis of the phenotypic variability. All known strains of Mi were detected by the method developed. Together with an M. meleagridis-PCR test based on the same gene, the Multi-species PCR test is a highly valuable tool for diagnosis of pathogenic mycoplasmas in single or mixed infection. The further application of this rapid and specific test as a part of Mi and overall mycoplasma control programs will be dependent on developments in the turkey industry.
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Wang, Yingxuan, Cheng Yan, and Liqin Zhao. Rapid switching kVp dual energy CT Material Quantitative Determination for Non-invasive Assessment of Portal Hypertensive Esophagus Varices in Patients with Hepatic Cirrhosis: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, April 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2022.4.0121.
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Review question / Objective: This meta-analysis investigated the value of rsDECT -based non-invasive assessment of the severity of esophagus varices and the risk of hemorrhage in patients with cirrhotic portal hypertension. Eligibility criteria: Studies meeting the following criteria were included: Studies evaluating the effect of rsDECT on EV in patients with hepatic cirrhosis, and published in Chinese or English; The diagnosis was based on acknowledged gold standard. Containing complete four-grid table data of diagnostic tests, which can be extracted directly or indirectly. Review, case-report, conference summary, animal study, and repeatedly published study were excluded.Based on the severity of EV shown in the endoscopy, patients in the study group were classified into the mild EV (EV1), medium EV (EV2), or severe EV (EV3) groups according to the General Rules for Recording Endoscopic Findings of Esophagogastric varices (The Japan Society for Portal Hypertension) : EV1, slightly linear expansions; EV2, moderately beaded expansions; EV3, significantly nodular or neoplastic expansions.
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López-Valverde, Nansi, Antonio López-Valverde, Ana Suarez, Bruno Macedo de Sousa, and Juan Manuel Aragoneses. Association of gastric infection and periodontal disease through Helicobacter pylori as a common denominator: A systematic review and meta-analysi. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, October 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2021.10.0097.
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Review question / Objective: Is gastric helicobacter pylori infection related to periodontal diseases? Condition being studied: Therefore, the aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to identify and analyze clinical studies to determine the direct correlation between Helicobacter Pylori gastric infection andPeriodontal Disease. Study designs to be included: Clinical studies that provided data on Helicobacter Pylori infection in both the stomach and oral cavity, confirmed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR), rapid urease test (RUT) or enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Clinical studies that associated PD with Helicobacter Pylori. The diagnosis of PD was confirmed ac-cording to the diagnostic criteria in periodontology.
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Levisohn, Sharon, Maricarmen Garcia, David Yogev, and Stanley Kleven. Targeted Molecular Typing of Pathogenic Avian Mycoplasmas. United States Department of Agriculture, January 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2006.7695853.bard.
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Intraspecies identification (DNA "fingerprinting") of pathogenic avian mycoplasmas is a powerful tool for epidemiological studies and monitoring strain identity. However the only widely method available for Mycoplasma gallisepticum (MG) and M. synoviae (MS)wasrandom amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD). This project aimed to develop alternative and supplementary typing methods that will overcome the major constraints of RAPD, such as the need for isolation of the organism in pure culture and the lack of reproducibility intrinsic in the method. Our strategy focussed on recognition of molecular markers enabling identification of MG and MS vaccine strains and, by extension, pathogenic potential of field isolates. Our first aim was to develop PCR-based systems which will allow amplification of specific targeted genes directly from clinical material. For this purpose we evaluated the degree of intraspecies heterogeneity in genes encoding variable surface antigens uniquely found in MG all of which are putative pathogenicity factors. Phylogenic analysis of targeted sequences of selected genes (pvpA, gapA, mgc2, and lp) was employed to determine the relationship among MG strains.. This method, designated gene targeted sequencing (GTS), was successfully employed to identify strains and to establish epidemiologically-linked strain clusters. Diagnostic PCR tests were designed and validated for each of the target genes, allowing amplification of specific nucleotide sequences from clinical samples. An mgc2-PCR-RFLP test was designed for rapid differential diagnosis of MG vaccine strains in Israel. Addressing other project goals, we used transposon mutagenesis and in vivo and in vitro models for pathogenicity to correlated specific changes in target genes with biological properties that may impact the course of infection. An innovative method for specific detection and typing of MS strains was based on the hemagglutinin-encoding gene vlhA, uniquely found in this species. In parallel, we evaluated the application of amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) in avian mycoplasmas. AFLP is a highly discriminatory method that scans the entire genome using infrequent restriction site PCR. As a first step the method was found to be highly correlated with other DNA typing methods for MG species and strain differentiation. The method is highly reproducible and relatively rapid, although it is necessary to isolate the strain to be tested. Both AFLP and GTS are readily to amenable to computer-assisted analysis of similarity and construction of a data-base resource. The availability of improved and diverse tools will help realize the full potential of molecular typing of avian mycoplasmas as an integral and essential part of mycoplasma control programs.
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Zyvoloski, George A., Sharad Kelkar, and Zora V. Dash. Diagnostic Tests in EE-2 Experiment 2056. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), April 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1321650.
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Ko, Yura K., Wataru Kagaya, Mtakai Ngara, Chim Chan, Mariko Kanamori, Samuel M. Mbugua, Alex K. Rotich, Bernard N. Kanoi, Jesse Gitaka, and Akira Kaneko. Indirect effects of interventions for malaria: a scoping review protocol. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, June 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2023.6.0025.
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Review question / Objective: The aim of this review is to identify and catalog studies that have reported the impact of indirect effects in interventions targeting malaria. Specific review questions are the following. 1. How many studies explicitly reported indirect effects? a. Have the number of publications increased in recent years? 2. What methodologies were employed by these studies to estimate the indirect effects? 3. Which terminologies were used to describe indirect effects? Background: Malaria is still a major health problem, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa, where 98% of global malaria mortality occurs. According to World Malaria Report 2022, the estimated case incidence was 229.4 per 1000 population in the African Region in 2021. Although the morbidity and mortality of malaria continued to decline from the 2000s to 2015 owing to many investments and interventions, such as long-lasting insecticide-treated net, rapid diagnostic tests, and artemisinin-based combination therapy, progress has been stalled since 2015. Moreover, especially after 2020, it has been reported that malaria incidence and mortality have increased in many African countries due to disruptions to services during the COVID-19 pandemic.
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Ang Kuan Ping, Ang Kuan Ping. A robust and clinical-friendly CRISPR diagnostic test kit for rapid SARS-COV2 detection. Experiment, August 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18258/21415.
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Yogev, David, Ricardo Rosenbusch, Sharon Levisohn, and Eitan Rapoport. Molecular Pathogenesis of Mycoplasma bovis and Mycoplasma agalactiae and its Application in Diagnosis and Control. United States Department of Agriculture, April 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2000.7573073.bard.
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Mycoplasma bovis and M. agalactiae are two phylogenetically related mycoplasmas which cause economically significant diseases in their respective bovine or small ruminant hosts. These organisms cause persistent asymptomatic infections that can result in severe outbreaks upon introduction of carrier animals into susceptible herds. Little is known about the mechanisms underlying mycoplasma-host interaction, variation in virulence, or of the factors enabling avoidance of the host immune system. In recent years it has become apparent that the ability of pathogenic microorganisms to rapidly alter surface antigenic structures and to fine tune their antigenicity, a phenomena called antigenic variation, is one of the most effective strategies used to escape immune destruction and to establish chronic infections. Our discovery of a novel genetic system, mediating antigenic variation in M. bovis (vsp) as well as in M. agalactiae (avg) served as a starting point for our proposal which included the following objectives: (i) Molecular and functional characterization of the variable surface lipoproteins (Vsp) system of M. bovis and comparison with the Vsp-counterpart in M. agalactiae (ii) Determination of the role of Vsp proteins in the survival of M. bovis when confronted by host defense factors, (iii) Assessment of Vsp-based genetic and antigenic typing of M. bovis and M. agalactiae for epidemiology of infection and (iv) Improvement of diagnostic tests for M. bovis and M. agalactiae based on the vsp-and vsp-analogous systems. We have carried out an extensive molecular characterization of the vsp system and unravelled the precise molecular mechanism responsible for the generation of surface antigenic variation in M. bovis. Our data clearly demonstrated that the two pathogenic mycoplasma species possess large gene families encoding variable lipoprotein antigens that apparently play an important role in immune evasion and in pathogen-host interaction during infection. Phase variable production of these antigens was found to be mediated by a novel molecular mechanism utilizing double site-specific DNA inversions via an intermediate vsp configuration. Studies in model systems indicate that phase variation of VspA is relevant in interaction between M. bovis and macrophages or monocytes, a crucial stage in pathogenesis. Using an ELISA test with captured VspA as an antigen, phase variation was shown to occur in vivo and under field conditions. Genomic rearrangements in the avg gene family of M. agalactiae were shown to occur in vivo and may well have a role in evasion of host defences and establishment of chronic infection. An epidemiological study indicated that patterns of vsp-related antigenic variation diverge rapidly in an M. bovis infected herd. Marked divergence was also found with avg-based genomic typing of M. agalactiae in chronically infected sheep. However, avg-genomic fingerprints were found to be relatively homogeneous in different animals during acute stages of an outbreak of Contagious Agalactiae, and differ between unrelated outbreaks. These data support the concept of vsp-based genomic typing but indicate the necessity for further refinement of the methodology. The molecular knowledge on these surface antigens and their encoding genes provides the basis for generating specific recombinant tools and serological methods for serodiagnosis and epidemiological purposes. Utilization of these methods in the field may allow differentiating acutely infected herds from chronic herds and disease-free herds. In addition the highly immunogenic nature of these lipoproteins may facilitate the design of protective vaccine against mycoplasma infections.
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Vilca-Alosilla, Juan Jeferson, Mayron Antonio Candia-Puma, Katiusca Coronel-Monje, Luis Daniel Goyzueta-Mamani, Alexsandro Sobreira Galdino, Ricardo Andrez Machado-de-Ávila, Rodolfo Cordeiro Giunchetti, Eduardo Antonio Ferraz Coelho, and Miguel Angel Chávez-Fumagalli. Comparing the accuracy of COVID-19 diagnostic tests: a systematic review and meta-analysis. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, November 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2022.11.0090.
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Review question / Objective: The present study aims to systematically review and summarize the available literature on the diagnostic accuracy of COVID-19 diagnostic tests. To do this, a systematic review of the medical literature was carried out between 2020 and 2021. The results were analyzed through a meta-analysis based on the techniques developed and used in the diagnosis of COVID-19. Eligibility criteria: The studies were selected in three stages. In the first, non-English language articles, duplicate articles, reviews, and meta-analyses were excluded, only articles published between 2020 and 2021 conducted on humans were included. In the second stage, the titles and ab-stracts of the articles selected through the search strategy were examined. Finally, the highly relevant full studies were retrieved and separated from the articles with a title or abstract that did not provide sufficient data to be included.
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Cohen, Jessica, Pascaline Dupas, and Simone Schaner. Price Subsidies, Diagnostic Tests, and Targeting of Malaria Treatment: Evidence from a Randomized Controlled Trial. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, March 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w17943.
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