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1
Crichton, David. "What can cities do to increase resilience?" Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences 365, no. 1860 (July 30, 2007): 2731–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2007.2081.
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This paper examines climate change mitigation and adaptation from an insurance industry perspective, with particular reference to London and the USA. It illustrates how British insurers are increasingly shaping public policy and using new technology to manage the risks from climate change impacts and makes a plea for society to make more use of insurance expertise in future decision making. In particular, more dialogue is needed between architects, planners and insurers to adapt our buildings and cities for climate change impacts. The paper is an abbreviated and updated version of the paper presented by the author in Houston, Texas, in 2005.
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Granata, Elena, and Carolina Pacchi. "Č possibile riformare le scuole di architettura in Italia?" TERRITORIO, no. 49 (July 2009): 153–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.3280/tr2009-049023.
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- The crisis of architectural schools in Italy and the profound uncertainty running through practices and the teaching of architectural and planning disciplines has roots which date back a long time. If we re-read today some of the texts and public actions of some of the greatest Italian architects or critics of architecture such as Giovanni Michelucci, Giancarlo De Carlo, Leonardo Benevolo and Bruno Zevi, in dissent with the scientific and academic communities to which they belonged, it is hard not to grasp, with the benefit of hindsight, the lucidity of their intellectual positions and the urgency of their arguments. Four episodes are presented which allow us to return to the issue of training architects in their relationship with the professional dimension and also with society and to consider more generally the crisis of inherited models of university education, which no longer seem able to meet the challenges of today.
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Schneider, Peter I. "Zwischen Bauhauskritik und Bauforschung: Konrad Nonn." Architectura 48, no. 1-2 (January 1, 2018): 10–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/atc-2018-1003.
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Abstract As a committed publicist, the architect and ministerial official Konrad Nonn is known as one of the most prominent right-wing critics of the Bauhaus. Both the extremely polemical and inflammatory style of his texts and his incessant agitations against the school and its director Walter Gropius have contributed to seeing him as an oddity driven by a peculiar, almost pathological hatred. However, the perception of Nonn as a mere eccentric obscures the fact that he was by no means a loner. In fact, during the Weimar Republic, Nonn was a recognized member and functionary of a number of professional associations in the field of architecture. One such association was the Koldewey Society of architects working in the field of archaeology, whose members can be found in the elitist educated middle-class spectrum of the Weimar period. Within this educated bourgeois, humanistic elite with its special moral based attitude towards modernism in Germany, Nonn represented a cultural-conservative-national position. Although not equally shared, this position was widely understood and accepted by Nonn’s peers. Not least the moral support from these associations, in which he was also active as an official, allowed him to continue his agitation against the Bauhaus even after setbacks and to regain status from 1933. Nonn’s criticism of the Bauhaus can therefore be seen as an extreme reaction of the German humanistically very well-educated academic elite against the challenges of modernization, but not just as an isolated nerd’s extremist activism.
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Bilston, Sarah. "“YOUR VILE SUBURBS CAN OFFER NOTHING BUT THE DEADNESS OF THE GRAVE”: THE STEREOTYPING OF EARLY VICTORIAN SUBURBIA." Victorian Literature and Culture 41, no. 4 (October 25, 2013): 621–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1060150313000144.
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While literary critics have becomeincreasingly engaged by the impact of suburbanization on the literary landscape, most scholarship has focused on texts from the late-nineteenth and early-twentieth centuries. The belief that suburbia appeared only occasionally in literature before this period is commonplace: as Gail Cunningham observes: “Although the term ‘suburb’ was used from Shakespeare and Milton onwards . . . it was not until the final decades of the nineteenth century that writers turned to suburban life as a subject of imaginative investigation” (Cunningham, “Riddle” 51). Cunningham's important work on suburban narrative positions authors of the late nineteenth century as architects of “the new imaginative category suburban,” one that was substantially shaped by the experience of observing and living amongst “newly massed middle classes” (Cunningham, “Riddle” 52). “[F]or many writers . . . the prime response to the new suburbia was one of anxiety and disorientation,” she argues. “How were they to conceptualize the sudden appearance of the new spatial environment?” (Cunningham, “Houses” 423). Yet Cunningham's emphasis on the newness of both the category and the lived experience underestimates the impact of suburbanization on the totality of the period. Suburbanization was a phenomenon that Victorian society had been experiencing, and responding to, for at least eight decades by the time of Victoria's death. Literary narratives engaging suburbia from these eight decades undoubtedly exist: they have received scant critical attention, yet they constitute a crucial tradition without which the most famous late-nineteenth-century texts of suburbia cannot be adequately understood.
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Folic, Branislav. "The contribution to the research into the role of Bogdan Bogdanovic in the creation of the New School of architecture in Belgrade." Spatium, no. 27 (2012): 19–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/spat1227019f.
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Following student protests in 1968, the reform of universities began in Yugoslavia. The idea of the humanization of architectural profession and the reform of Belgrade Faculty of Architecture towards the environmental studies was launched. The article examines the impact of the New School on the humanization of the architectural profession as part of a general movement to humanize the society of the sixties, as well as the significant role of Bogdan Bogdanovic in the realisation of such an endeavour. First steps towards creating a New School could be foreseen in Bogdan Bogdanovic's text Arhitektura je nauka (The Architecture is a Science) in 1969, which suggests the introduction of the humanistic disciplines in architectural education as well as in the analytical texts of Professor Branislav Milenkovic ?O nastavi na arhitekstonskom fakultetu? (About Teaching at the Faculty of Architecture, 1945-1968) and assistant lecturer Ranko Radovic ?Ucenje neimarstva? published in the magazine Arhitektura-urbanizam (Architecture-Town Planning) No.52 in 1968. During his stay in America, Bogdanovic gained some experience visiting multidisciplinary schools of environmental design. Analyzing the school curriculum and current trends in the education of architects, he set the basis for the application of environmental design. The reform was carried out transparently with equal participation of students, teachers and former students of the Faculty of Architecture. The team for the creation of the New School, led by Bogdan Bogdanovic, after each meeting published announcements that contained conclusions on the implementation of reforms. These announcements and processed materials represented the content basis of the New School of architecture.
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Kelman, Ilan. "Architects and architecture serving society." Building Research & Information 35, no. 5 (October 2007): 588–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09613210701330131.
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Sakharova, Anna V. "Hunting for Creativity." Epistemology & Philosophy of Science 61, no. 2 (2024): 175–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/eps202461232.
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Science communicators, including journalists and experts in the field of public relations in science, are often seen as an external and optional addition to the scientific community. Their influence on scientific practices and public perception of science is often underestimated, and their role is understood as a technical one: as a simple retelling of scientific research in a language understandable to the public. In this paper, using the example of such a criterion as “creativity”, we propose to reconsider the role of science communicators more broadly. The paper shows that it is science communicators, rather than representatives of the scientific community, who should be the primary subjects of evaluating articles according to the criterion of creativity. The authors argue that the creativity of scientific research is an essential element in the development of science as a social phenomenon, rather than just a component of its internal operation. Science communicators are not considered as “external” actors in relation to science – their work has a significant impact on the fundamental criteria for scientific success, such as the establishment of scientific reputation, and influences the perception of science among the general public. They do not just describe research, they form ideas about the value aspects of science in society and influence the image of science, which is broadcast into the public space, selecting articles according to certain criteria that are not always the most significant in science, endowing scientific results with a special, socially relevant significance that is not explicitly presented in the texts of scientific articles. The activities of science communicators can influence the funding and development of a scientific field, its public and government support, its popularity among applicants, students and young scientists – and, consequently, the quality of scientific personnel involved in this field. In fact, science communicators turn out to be key architects of public, and often intrascientific, ideas about science and various scientific fields.
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SEKIYA, Shingo, Arata ENDO, Hidetoshi MAEDA, and Yukio NISHIMURA. "REGIONAL CENTER ORGANIZED BY SOCIETY OF ARCHITECTS." Journal of Architecture and Planning (Transactions of AIJ) 76, no. 667 (2011): 1659–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.3130/aija.76.1659.
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Schleicher, Alexander. "Museum of Contemporary Art by Artists." Advanced Engineering Forum 12 (November 2014): 79–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/aef.12.79.
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Museum is type of building which among architectural work occupies a special place by its distinct function of documenting existence and progress of humankind, society and their environment. This is reflected in the outstanding architecture of these buildings. 95% of museum buildings arose after World War II. This authorizes us to talk about the museum as a “20th century phenomenon“ especially of the second half of it. The unprecedented growth of museums after World War II – most of them are museums of art, especially contemporary art – entitles a question which is often discussed: What is an ideal museum like as an object serving for exhibiting art and what does an ideal exhibition space for contemporary art look like? This question had only been discussed among architects and museologists for a long time. According to the nature of contemporary art and because of the fact that alongside these two determinants the exhibiting artists who actively influence exhibition space and form the final spirit of the exhibition became an important element in creation of the museum; the question what is the artists’ vision of the ideal museum is poignant. Answer to that question can be given by concepts of the ideal museum of contemporary art from the end of the 20th century created by artists. The “Bilderbude” concept by Georg Baselitz, two projects “Ideales Museum” by Gottfried Honegger, “A Place Apart” by Marcia Hafif and also concepts of museums or opinions on a museum of contemporary art by other artists provide an idea of how the artists deal with and look on this problematic. The issue of museum of contemporary art perceived by the optics of artists definitely represents an interesting example of connecting functionality demanded by the artists, significant author’s approach and philosophical ideas concerning the ideal museum of contemporary art. Museum Concepts – Thinking about Museum Museum concepts from the beginning of existence of museum buildings (in some cases even before considering a museum an individual specialized object or an institution) provide us the notice about the main themes which the actors of this problematic were dealing with at that time. While at the beginning in the museum concepts we can trace the effort to define an individual type of a museum building, an ideal museum; then we can see searching for a form which would be adequate to the building expression. Later especially in the 20th century until nowadays there have been solved more specific problems concerning the growth of the museum collections, expanding the functional structure of the museum, shape and form of the exhibition space etc. The museum topic such important personalities as for example Étienne-Louis Boullée, Le Corbusier or Ludwig Mies van der Rohe brought their contribution. The 20th century especially the 2nd half of it, if we do not only consider the narrow present scope, brought an unseen growth of museum architecture. 95% of museums arose after the World War II. [1] A great part of museums which were built in this period are museums of art, often presenting modern or contemporary art. This fact - emerging of such an amount of museums of contemporary art together with the changed form of visual art in the 20th century – the importance of depicting and documenting function of art, which until then visual art besides the aesthetical function was satisfying started to decrease, the artist were engaged in new themes, they experimented with new methods etc. – brings increasing effort of the artists to influence the final form of the exhibition spaces in the means of their specific demands and also to influence the form of the general form of the museum building. The artists more and more actively participate at creating the museum, they influence the form of the exhibition space and the exhibition itself – unlike in the past, when the museologist, curator was creating the exhibition by choosing from the collection, which he had at disposal and the exhibition was formed by them relatively independently from the artists – authors of the exhibits. The first artistic experiments, which balance on the edge of visual art and museum, have been occurring since the 20-ties of the 20th century – let’s mention for example El Lissitzky (Proun room, 1923), Kurt Schwitters (Merbau, 1923-37) or Marcel Duchamp (Boîte-en-valise, 1935-41), and they persist until nowadays. In the 70-ties Brian O`Doherty analyses from the point of view of an art theoretician but also an active artist the key exhibition space of the 2nd half of the 20th century, which he characteristically identifies as White Cube. Donald Judd – artist and at the same time a hostile critic of contemporary museum architecture (70-ties-80-ties) formulated his uncompromising point of view to the museum architecture as follows: “Forms’ for their own sake, despite function, are ridiculous. One reason art museums are so popular with architects and so bizarre, is that they must think there is no function, the clients too, since to them art is meaningless. Museums have become an exaggerated, distorted and idle expression for their architects, most of whom are incapable of expression.“ In another text he posed the question: “Why are artists and sculptors not asked how to construct this type of building?“ [2] As we can see the artists’ opinion who seem to stay unheard in the museum and their needs stay unnoticed has full legitimacy and is very interesting for the problematic of museum and exhibition space. Beginning in the 70-ties of the 20th century these opinions are given more and more precise contours. While O’Doherty only comes with a theoretical essay on exhibition space (1976), D. Judd already presents his own idea of a museum even realised through the Marfa complex in Texas (1979/1986). Let’s mention some other artists who form their ideas of an ideal museum in form of unrealised concepts. Some authors name their proposals after a bearing idea of their concept; others call them directly ideal, in the same way as it was in the beginning of the history of museum. Contemporary Art Museum Concepts by Artists Georg Baselitz: Bilderbude.
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Landis, Nancy Tarleton. "Texas Society rebuts antisubstitution articles." American Journal of Health-System Pharmacy 55, no. 5 (March 1, 1998): 428–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ajhp/55.5.428.
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Dijokienė, Dalia, Eglė Navickienė, and Edita Riaubienė. "Self-Awareness of Soviet Lithuanian Architects in Their Creative Power and Social Significance." Buildings 12, no. 1 (December 21, 2021): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/buildings12010001.
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The field of contemporary Lithuanian architecture is influenced by architects from different periods with different attitudes. This is manifested by increasing miscommunication between generations of architects and a crisis of values. Various tensions in the community of architects triggered the idea to look to the past and examine the self-awareness of professional architects in Soviet society. In this study, we delved into their understanding of the architect’s mission, role, status, and significance in society through their expectations, powers, impact, and perceived responsibility. This study is based on semi-structured in-depth interviews with 9prominent and influential architects who received their professional education in post-war Lithuania and were actively working in the Soviet period (1955–1990) and later. In general, Lithuanian architects managed to withstand Soviet doctrine and remained loyal to Western cultural values. The study’s findings reveal five components of the architect’s self-awareness, which define the dual scope of this field, where architects perform their direct professional tasks and where they express themselves as people of culture. The self-awareness crisis becomes prominent in the main axis of the architect’s choice of art creator vs. service provider, where Lithuanian modernists position themselves as artist–creator’, leading to frustration regarding the current reality.
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Fahimi, Babak, and Gerard-Andre Capolino. "IECON 2014 in Texas [Society News]." IEEE Industrial Electronics Magazine 9, no. 1 (March 2015): 88–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/mie.2014.2387938.
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Shanken, Andrew M. "Breaking the Taboo: Architects and Advertising in Depression and War." Journal of the Society of Architectural Historians 69, no. 3 (September 1, 2010): 406–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/jsah.2010.69.3.406.
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Breaking the Taboo: Architects and Advertising in Depression and War chronicles the fall of a professional interdiction in architecture, precipitated by the Second World War. For much of the history of their profession in the United States, architects——unlike builders and engineers, their main competition——faced censure from the American Institute of Architects if they advertised their services. Architects established models of professional behavior intended to hold them apart from the commercial realm. Andrew M. Shanken explores how the Great Depression and the Second World War strained this outdated model of practice, placing architects within consumer culture in more conspicuous ways, redefining the architect's role in society and making public relations an essential part of presenting the profession to the public. Only with the unification of the AIA after the war would architects conduct a modern public relations campaign, but the taboo had begun to erode in the 1930s and early 1940s, setting the stage for the emergence of the modern profession.
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Kato, Hiroharu. "Centennial of the society of naval architects of Japan." Journal of Marine Science and Technology 2, no. 4 (December 1997): 191–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02491525.
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Frederick-Rothwell, Betsy. "The “Monster Problem”: Texas Architects Try to Keep it Cool Before Air Conditioning." Arris 26, no. 1 (2015): 40–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/arr.2015.0003.
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Keller, Márkus. "Professionalization in Socialism : Architects and Architecture after 1945 in Hungary." socio.hu 10, Special Issue (2020): 95–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.18030/socio.hu.2020en.95.
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In my study, I investigate architects’ search for their place in the new society and the history of their profession after 1945 in Hungary with the help of professionalization theories. Through statistics, memoirs, interviews, archival documents, laws and decrees, I seek to discover what kind of role architecture and architects played in the dictatorship of the 1950s and how that role changed in the Kádár system. In addition to external analysis, I place particular emphasis on how this change of role is reflected in the lifestory interviews and in the identity of the architects of the era.
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Golden, Saul Manuel, Ian Montgomery, and Taina M. Rikala. "Public Intentions for Private Spaces: Exploring Architects’ Tactics to Shape Shared Space in Private-Led Residential Development." International Journal of Architectural Research: ArchNet-IJAR 9, no. 2 (July 13, 2015): 170. http://dx.doi.org/10.26687/archnet-ijar.v9i2.644.
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From the late 20th into the 21st centuries, the private market increasingly gained control from public authorities over strategic decisions affecting the quality of, and accessibility to, new urban development. This paper argues for architects to act more explicitly to promote greater open-ness and use-value, rather than more objectified and controlled exchange-value approaches to the public domain in private-led development. The paper analyses two London-based residential case studies and interviews with the architects about perceptions of, and approaches to, private-led development decision-making processes. It compares the individual practitioner’s experiences of architecture practice with explicit intentions to influence better quality shared city space, examining professional norms vis-à-vis commercial clients and wider society. The paper concludes that greater awareness of architects’ knowledge, skills, and a range of tactics to influence future shared environments can contribute to improved professional practice frameworks for more effective engagement in an increasingly globalised and privatised urban society.
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Hebert, Michelle M. "Texas Society of Pathologists 86th Annual Meeting." Archives of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine 132, no. 2 (February 1, 2008): 162–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.5858/2008-132-162-tsopta.
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Alkek, David S. "Texas Cosmetic Surgery Society Annual Meeting Highlights." American Journal of Cosmetic Surgery 23, no. 3 (September 2006): 113–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/074880680602300301.
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Navarro Catalán, David Miguel. "Los arquitectos de las fundaciones jesuitas valencianas." VLC arquitectura. Research Journal 3, no. 2 (October 27, 2016): 83. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/vlc.2016.3664.
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The remarkable collection of buildings constructed by the Society of Jesus in the old Kingdom of Valencia was completed over the course of an extensive process that began in the 16<sup>th</sup> century. The purpose of this article is to examine the different historical phases of this process and reveal some previously unknown aspects with the aid of unpublished documentation. A great number of craftsmen took part in these works, including a group of architects who were members of the Society whose activity has been disregarded until now. The writings of Fathers Gaspar Alfonso and Diego Olcina on the construction of the Valencian foundations have added to our knowledge of new architects who were members of the Society in the ambit of the old Jesuit province of Aragón. The article also presents the activity of largely unknown craftsmen external to the order, especially Gaspar Martínez, who participated in the construction of numerous Society buildings.
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Kenney, Alison. "Catalogue of the archives of the Manchester Society of Architects." Bulletin of the John Rylands Library 74, no. 2 (June 1992): 37–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.7227/bjrl.74.2.2.
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KOMARA, ANN E. "The Glass Wall: Gendering the American Society of Landscape Architects." Studies in the Decorative Arts 8, no. 1 (October 2000): 22–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/studdecoarts.8.1.40662757.
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Cosson, Camille. "From Emergency Shelter towards Disaster-relief Housing — Tōhoku’s Reconstruction Case Study." Budownictwo i Architektura 20, no. 1 (February 9, 2021): 035–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.35784/bud-arch.1587.
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This paper presents the post-disaster reconstruction of the Tōhoku region. Although Japan has always been one of the most prepared countries because of its long history with natural disasters, the 2011 Great East Japanese Earthquake and tsunami might be one of the most significant disasters recorded in the country’s modern history. This unprecedented disaster that has shaken Japan is a decisive turning point for the entire society as well as for architects and urban planners. Almost ten years later, reconstruction work is still ongoing. This paper introduces specifically Japanese architects’ involvement during the three phases of recovery: emergency shelter, temporary accommodation and permanent housing. After the first stage of perplexity and doubt, architects gradually stepped up and started initiatives to resolve the disaster victims’ precarious situation. This article outlines some of the architects’ actions through the three phases of recovery since the 3.11 disaster. Each of these temporalities has its issues and challenges which the urban planners, architects and designers tried to solve using their know-how to help rebuild devastated communities.
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Cooner, Scott A. "Developing Operational and Safety Guidelines for School Sites in Texas." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1922, no. 1 (January 2005): 90–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0361198105192200112.
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The objective of a two-year study was to recommend school site planning guidelines for transportation-related elements such as site selection, general site requirements and design, bus operations, parent drop-off and pickup zones, driveways, turn lanes, signing and marking, parking, and pedestrian and bicycle access. The research team based these guidelines on a comprehensive review of existing guidelines and the results of field studies at school sites in Texas. Examples are provided of good practices and of practices to avoid for three of the more prominent guidelines. The guidelines are focused on transportation design, operations, and safety within school sites—with a particular focus on the parent drop-off and pickup zones. A site plan review checklist based on the 21 consensus guidelines approved by the project advisory panel is provided. Texas Department of Transportation engineers, field crews, architects, and school district personnel can use this checklist to coordinate efforts and improve the safety and efficiency of school site access and traffic flow.
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Numan, Ibrahim, and Revianto Budi Santosa. "Educating Architects in Turkish Culture, Gains and Loses: A Historical Perspective." SHS Web of Conferences 41 (2018): 02004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/shsconf/20184102004.
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Ottoman and Turkish architecture have exhibited a constancy and change in the course of history. Nevertheless these changes can only be understood by taking architectural education into account. Here it will be tried to discuss the gains and losses between the increase in the degree of architectural education/specialized knowledge and the blindness to the value judgements of the society and their reflection on the Turkish architecture. The edifice can not be separated from the architect, architect from the society; society and education from the idea. An architect is educated by society. Architect in turn is the product of the common idea of the civilisation he or she is affiliated to. Even a small diversity in the depth of belief or change in the approach in life style brings a deviation in the understanding of arts and architecture consequently architectural education also experience gains and losses along with it.
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Fredricks, Simon. "History of the Texas Society of Plastic Surgeons." Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery 118, no. 2 (August 2006): 579. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.prs.0000229154.67823.71.
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Verheyden, Charles N. "History of the Texas Society of Plastic Surgeons." Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery 118, no. 2 (August 2006): 579. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.prs.0000229383.99996.f9.
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Landis, Nancy Tarleton. "Texas Society launches exchange program with Mexican pharmacists." American Journal of Health-System Pharmacy 57, no. 22 (November 15, 2000): 2036–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ajhp/57.22.2036.
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Brzuszek, Robert F., Richard L. Harkess, and Eric Stortz. "Perceptions of the Importance of Plant Material Knowledge by Practicing Landscape Architects in the Southeastern United States." HortTechnology 21, no. 1 (February 2011): 126–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/horttech.21.1.126.
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This study evaluates the attitudes and perceptions of practicing landscape architects in the southeastern United States with regards to the importance of horticultural knowledge for their profession. A 20-question survey instrument was mailed to 120 landscape architects who were listed as members of the American Society of Landscape Architects. The survey included various questions related to education and experience of the respondents and their peers with plants. The response rate was 52.5% (n = 63) and the majority of respondents were seasoned landscape architects in the states of Louisiana, Mississippi, Arkansas, Tennessee, Alabama, Georgia, and Florida that primarily served residential and commercial markets. The results from this study showed that the population of respondents strongly felt that plant knowledge is an important part of their professional skills, and recent graduates of landscape architecture and the profession as a whole appear more distanced from having strong plant expertise. Despite the increasing challenges for more formal plant education, there continues to be a need for both formal and informal extended education classes.
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Rabbat, Nasser. "Architects and Artists in Mamluk Society: The Perspective of the Sources." Journal of Architectural Education 52, no. 1 (September 1998): 30–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1531-314x.1998.tb00253.x.
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Burford, Gale. "Families: Their Role as Architects of Civil Society and Social Inclusion." Practice 17, no. 2 (June 2005): 79–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09503150500148081.
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Roche, Emily. "Building through the flames: Polish-Jewish architects and their networks, 1937–1945." Studia Rossica Posnaniensia 49, no. 1 (June 11, 2024): 71–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.14746/strp.2024.49.1.5.
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Before 1939, Jewish architects were active members of their profession, participating in domestic and international architectural networks and contributing to the built environment of Polish cities. From the mid-1930s, however, intensifying antisemitism and far-right political forces pressured architectural networks to exclude Jews from professional unions. The start of the Second World War and the German occupation in 1939 strained professional architectural networks but led to the formation of underground workshops, cooperatives, and other groups, whose connections extended from Warsaw through the camps and ghettos of occupied Poland. This article presents the history of Jewish-Polish architects from 1937 to 1945. Demonstrating how architectural networks reacted to changing conditions of war, occupation, and genocide, it emphasizes architectural networks as sites of political engagement, ranging from prewar antisemitic attacks on Jews and their removal from the Society of Polish Architects (SARP) to underground architectural networks that hid Jews and allowed them to work. Although the fate of Jewish architects depended largely on their relationships with their professional networks, they also actively decided how to utilize those networks to resist the Nazis and to ensure their survival. This research shows that interpersonal relationships and wartime networks were consequential in determining the wartime fates of Jewish architects and also shaped the profession’s post-war structure.
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Farjami, Ghazal, and Guita Farivarsadri. "LATEST ATTEMPTS IN CONTEMPORARY IRANIAN ARCHITECTURE IN SEARCH FOR AUTHENTICITY." JOURNAL OF ARCHITECTURE AND URBANISM 44, no. 2 (November 27, 2020): 176–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/jau.2020.12165.
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The conflictions between homogeneity and universal values suggested by Modernism and traditional values resulted in a variety of ideas generated as a search for authenticity all over the world. Iran is known as one of the countries which imported the modern ideas directly to a society, which was still living with and respecting the traditional values. This challenge between the two seemingly conflicting poles of tradition and modernism resulted in three periods in the history of contemporary Iranian architecture. Now, it seems that Iranian architecture has entered to a new period regarding the interpretation of authenticity. Since novelty and relation with the past are known as the main indicators of the concept of authenticity, in this research it is tried to explore the ideas of seven pioneers of the new generation of architects in Iran around these concepts. These architects are amongst the most well-known young architects of Iran who have won more than 3 prizes in Memar (Architect) competition which is the most prestigious architectural competition in the country. To find out the interpretation of these architects about the concept of authenticity, inclusive interviews have been realized with these architects. Then, using recursive abstraction method, it is tried to find out the main points in definition of the concept of authenticity by each architect. In addition, some of the completed projects of theses architects have been visited and analyzed to find out the reflection of their ideas related to authenticity in their projects.
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Добровольська, Вікторія. "ACTIVITY OF THE ARCHITECTURE DEPARTMENT OF THE ODESA BRANCH OF THE IMPERIAL RUSSIAN TECHNICAL SOCIETY IN THE SECOND HALF OF THE 19th - THE BEGINNING OF THE 20th CENTURY." КОНСЕНСУС, no. 4 (2023): 105–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.31110/consensus/2023-04/105-123.
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The article analyzes the process of creation and operation of the architectural department of the Odesa branch of the Imperial Russian Technical Society (OBIRTS). It has been determined that in 1864, one of the first technical societies in the Russian Empire, the Odesa Society of Engineers, Technicians, and Architects, was established in Odesa. This society became the basis for the organization of the regional branch of the Russian Technical Society in 1871, and Odesa architects were able to create a separate architecture department within the OBIRTS. The aim of the article is to study and highlight the process of the origin, development and functioning of the architecture department of the OBIRTS and its role in the social and cultural life of the city of Odesa and the Southern Region of Ukraine. The source base of this scientific article consists of archival and printed materials. The principles of objectivity, historicism and systematicity, using general scientific methods of analysis, synthesis, and generalization in the unity of logical and historical aspects, the study of phenomena in specific-historical conditions, the transition from the particular to the abstract, and from the abstract to the particular using general scientific methods have become the methodological foundation of the research. Scientific novelty of the publication. One of the most extensive projects of organizing scientific and technical activities of the architects of the city of Odesa in the second half of the 19th to the beginning of the 20th century, their contribution to the creation of a voluntary public society of professional orientation, ensuring its functioning, which contributed to convergence of science and practical activity, interaction with government institutions, city administrations, and private individuals aiming to properly organize urban development have been studied for the first time. The role of the members of the architecture department of the OBIRTS in creating significant landmarks in the city of Odesa is determined. Conclusions. The activity of the architects of the city of Odesa during the second half of the 19th to the beginning of the 20th century, which showed significant engagement in the professional organization of their activity, demonstrated the formation of the scientific and technical intelligentsia in Ukraine, which became the driving force of modernization transformations. The creation of a separate architecture department within the OBIRTS played a significant role in engaging professionals to solve the important scientific and practical problems related to the development of the city of Odesa and the Southern Region.
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Virnyk, Olga. "FIVE SYLLABIC POETS: ARCHITECTS OF A NEW COUNTRY." Scientific Journal of Polonia University 63, no. 2 (July 8, 2024): 107–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.23856/6313.
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The study is devoted to the Five Syllabic Poets who were active in the early twentieth century, during the transformation of the Ottoman Empire into the Turkish Republic. This period was marked not only by important political and social changes, but also by dramatic transformations in the cultural sphere, including literature. The Five Syllabic Poets, also known as the “Five Silabists”, aimed to create a new, authentic Turkish poetry that reflected the spirit and needs of modern Turkish society. They made a significant contribution to Turkish literature, noting their approach to poetry and their desire to make it accessible to a wide audience. The Five Syllabic Poets sometimes made use of the materials of folk literature, which were used in a decorative style. The beauties of the country, the realities of Anatolia with its people and landscapes, their personal feelings, especially the national and historical. The fact that all five poets express a number of folk literature motifs in the treatment of these subjects shows their sensitivity to this issue. The poetry of these poets also reflects the impact of Mustafa Kemal Ataturk’s reforms on the literary process, indicating important changes in the consciousness of Turkish society during the period of transformation. The analysis of the works of the Five Syllabic Poets allows us to better understand and evaluate the historical context and cultural transformations in Turkey at the turn of the century.
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Liu, Yimo, and Junyuan Ye. "Frank Gehry, Zaha Hadid and the value of Deconstructivism." Highlights in Science, Engineering and Technology 10 (August 16, 2022): 204–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.54097/hset.v10i.1255.
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The paper aims to compare and discuss the value of deconstructivism in today's society by choosing two famous architects, Zaha Hadid and Frank Gehry. From Zaha's Guangzhou Opera House, some relationships with the buildings around can be found, and their association largely illustrates the importance of flexible and unusual buildings. Moreover, Gehry has a strong inspiration for everything that happens horizontally, which is a perfect illustration of Zaha and deconstructivism. By analyzing his architecture philosophy and aesthetics, the indispensable part of deconstructivism can be understood with a clear view of how modern architects apply it to their designs.
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Karydis, Nikolaos. "Discovering the Byzantine Art of Building: Lectures at the RIBA, the Royal Academy and the London Architectural Society, 1843–58." Architectural History 63 (2020): 171–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/arh.2020.9.
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ABSTRACTAlthough British architects played a major role in the rediscovery of the Byzantine monuments of Greece in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, earlier interest in the subject has remained obscure. Four lectures, read at the Royal Institute of British Architects, the Royal Academy and the London Architectural Society from 1843 to 1857, reflect a lively interest in Byzantine church architecture in the mid-nineteenth century. Delivered by Charles Robert Cockerell (1843), Edwin Nash (1847), Thomas Leverton Donaldson (1853) and John Louis Petit (1858), these lectures constitute some of the earliest attempts in England to explore both well-known monuments such as Hagia Sophia and lesser-known churches in Greece, Turkey and elsewhere. The manuscript records of these lectures show that influential British architects were not only familiar with Byzantine monuments, but were also able to look at them from the viewpoint of the designer and the builder. Emphasising the potential of Byzantine architecture to inform new design, they paved the way for the Byzantine revival, half a century later, and for the systematic investigation of Byzantine architecture from the late nineteenth century onwards.
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Caramellino, Gaia. "“You and Your Neighborhood”: Neighborhood, Community, and Democracy as New Paradigms in Wartime American Architecture." Urban Planning 7, no. 1 (March 31, 2022): 369–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.17645/up.v7i1.4828.
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This article argues that a radical reconceptualization of the notion of neighborhood was introduced by architects in the United States during WWII in response to the new political, cultural, and economic conditions of the war. The efforts of architects and planners like Oskar Stonorov and Louis Kahn contributed to reconfiguring the organizational principle of the “neighborhood unit” model envisioned by Clarence Perry during the 1920s, transferring the discourse from the domain of urban sociology and technical planning to the realm of the American profession. This article revolves around the unexplored and intense period of architectural experimentation during WWII, when the neighborhood emerged as a vibrant platform for the efforts of professional circles to question the values of American democracy and introduce new participative practices in neighborhood and community design, fostering new forms of collaboration between citizens, governmental agencies, and speculative builders under the leadership of architects. Neighborhood design appeared as the testing ground to renegotiate the role and social responsibility of American architects and a foundational value of post-war American society, while its new meanings were to be renegotiated in post-war city planning and built communities.
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Saini, Anurag, Suraj Suresh Daddera, Devjanee Mondal, Rohin Sikka, and Shruti S. Nagdeve. "Architect’s Role under the Real Estate Regulation and Development Act, 2016." International Journal of Students' Research in Technology & Management 9, no. 4 (December 30, 2021): 16–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.18510/ijsrtm.2021.942.
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Purpose: In 2016 the Indian society was introduced with the regulation and development act for real eastate (RERA) to bring transparency in the dealing of real estate in terms of deals between developers and consumers taking into consideration the wellfare of the consumers. This research aims to identify and understand the extent of Arhitects role in the act focussing on punishments and arbitration for various offenses.
Methodology: An online survey was conducted with practicing architects to understand their perspective and viewpoints to identify what they feel are the biggest positives and negatives of the act.
Main Findings: The results show that 17% of the architects have faced disputes related to RERA and 60% of respondents were not satisfied with RERA's duration to resolve any of the cases, which were not resolved until the date. From the data gathered through the online survey, most of the respondents were unaware of their role they are required to perform as mentioned in the act.
Implications: To perform Architects' tasks correctly, awareness of the RERA, 2016 Act is necessary. The survey shows that many respondents thought that the act had nothing to do with architects and was solely for builders.
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Hendri, Hendri, Rahma Evita Chaniago, Robihtho Dhia Shidqi, Dianny Putri Ramli, and Rahdiansyah Rahdiansyah. "PENGATURAN PRAKTEK LAYANAN PROFESI ARSITEK ATAS ARSITEK ILEGAL DI PROVINSI RIAU." Mizan: Jurnal Ilmu Hukum 12, no. 2 (December 6, 2023): 144. http://dx.doi.org/10.32503/mizan.v12i2.4476.
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The primary objective of this research is to examine the role of the architectural professional organization, namely the Indonesian Architects Association (IAI), in supervising the practices and services of the architectural profession in Riau Province. This research also aims to understand the problems related to illegal architects that occur in Riau Province and analyze the application of sanctions and solutions by IAI Riau Province to this problem. This research uses a normative juridical method which examines the implementation of positive legal provisions in each specific legal event that occurs in society, data obtained from interviews with related parties. IAI Riau has taken various efforts to supervise and develop professional architect service practice providers. This effort includes preventive and curative measures. To provide education to prospective architects regarding the applicable legal rules of the architectural profession. Apart from that, curative efforts are carried out by providing sanctions for violations of the professional code of ethics. Apart from that, IAI Riau Province also took a persuasive approach to the Provincial Government and the PUPR Service. This approach aims to align common goals and ensure that Undang-Undang No 6 of 2017 concerning architects can be fully enforced in the Riau Province Region. It is hoped that this research will provide better insight into how the regulation of architectural professional service practices can deal with the problem of illegal architects in Riau Province and optimize the role of IAI in overcoming this challenge.
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Lunceford, Brent. "New MEMS and Sensors Chapter in Texas [Society News]." IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine 6, no. 3 (July 2017): 6–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/mce.2017.2684422.
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Lunceford, Brent. "New MEMS and Sensors Chapter in Texas [Society News]." IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine 6, no. 4 (October 2017): 18–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/mce.2017.2743249.
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Sattrup, Peter Andreas. "Documenting Value Creation: A Business Opportunity for Architects, Their Clients and Society." Architectural Design 90, no. 4 (July 2020): 22–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ad.2586.
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Davidi, Sigal. "By women for women: modernism, architecture, and gender in building the new Jewish society in Mandatory Palestine." Architectural Research Quarterly 20, no. 3 (September 2016): 217–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1359135516000452.
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This article explores issues of gender and modern architecture in Mandatory Palestine in the context of 1920s and 1930s modernism. Women architects, newly immigrated from Germany, collaborated with WIZO, Women's International Zionist Organisation, in building Domestic Science and Agriculture training schools for Jewish immigrant women in the country. WIZO adopted the concept of the modern domestic sphere, particularly the rational kitchen, believing that a modern and efficient household will benefit women and society as a whole. Thus, their planned schools were to be modern both in appearance and in their built-up space: rational, airy and full of light. The women architects who studied and worked in Germany prior to their immigration, emphasised these modernist concepts in their design. These early ambitious architectural achievements by women for women were unique in the context of modernism and helped structure the national identity of the ‘New re-formed domestic woman’ in Mandatory Palestine.
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Butvilaitė, Rasa. "Architektas XVIII amžiaus Lietuvos Didžiosios Kunigaikštystės visuomenėje." Lietuvos Didžioji Kunigaikštystė Luomas. Pašaukimas. Užsiėmimas, T. 5 (January 1, 2021): 254–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.33918/23516968-005012.
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ARCHITECT IN THE SOCIETY OF THE 18TH CENTURY GRAND DUCHY OF LITHUANIA The article deals with the problem of professional field of activity of an architect, the place of his profession in the system of crafts, sciences and arts, architects’ position in the society of the eighteenth century. Before the education reform undertaken by the Education Commission, architecture had not been developed into a separate subject that provided professional training in the schools of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania. The course in architecture was only a part of general education in Vilnius Jesuit Academy, in nobility schools of a military type, and Jesuit and Piarist Collegium Nobilium. There was not enough focus on architectural studies in these most important educational institutions of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania: a short course of up to two years provided only general and technical basis of the theory of architecture based on classical orders, and it was not capable of training high ranked professionals-practitioners. Until the eighties of the 18th century, to become an independent professional architect one had to continue his studies abroad. It is argued that the Enlightenment concept of a creator serving to the state and society as well as representing them has provided an important impetus to the growth of the value of the architect’s profession and its social status. While many eighteenth-century artists were still very close to craftsmen in terms of social status (it was considered, that they used to do specific tasks and earn a living by employing manual / physical, not intellectual / mental powers), architects, due to the specifics of their education – studies at the university and military careers (they were mostly employed as engineers) were granted titles of nobility. In the eighteenth century, the social and material position of the architect-creator, who had been liberated from the crafts guild system, had evolved considerably and created conditions for privileges and for the establishment in the rank of nobility. The nobilitation of architects, who usually also had the rank of an officer and executed significant orders in large estates, intensified especially during the period of the partitions of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth. Experienced architects were desired and welcome guests in the manors of the nobles. Successful architects used to invest accumulated funds in real estate and manors with land. The architect was no longer just a hired employee but became a patron himself – the one who was initiating and partly financing construction. Keywords: architect, engineer, social status of an architect, Enlightenment, nobilitation.
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Karczewska, Anna Maria. "From Bauhaus to Our House: Tom Wolfe contra modernist architecture." Świat i Słowo 34, no. 1 (March 10, 2020): 211–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0014.3069.
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In his 1981 book-length essay From Bauhaus To Our House, Tom Wolfe not only presents a compact history of modernist architecture, devoting the pages to masters such as Le Corbusier, Walter Gropius or Ludwig Mies van der Rohe but also frontally attacks modern architecture and complains that a small group of architects took over control of people’s aesthetic choices. According to Wolfe, modern buildings wrought destruction on American cities, sweeping away their vitality and diversity in favour of the pure, abstract order of towers in a row. Modernist architects, on the other hand, saw the austere buildings of concrete, glass and steel as signposts of a new age, as the physical shelter for a new, utopian society. This article attempts to analyse Tom Wolfe’s selected criticisms of the modernist architecture presented in From Bauhaus to Our House. In order to understand Wolfe’s discontent with modernist architecture’s basic tenets of economic, social, and political conditions that prompted architects to pursue a modernist approach to design will be discussed.
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Yermuraki, O. I., and A. S. Rusol. "THE TENDENCY TO USE ADAPTIVE SPACE AS A FEATURE OF POST-INDUSTRIAL SOCIETY." Regional problems of architecture and urban planning, no. 14 (December 29, 2020): 96–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.31650/2707-403x-2020-14-96-105.
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The article discusses the technologies and methods for creating universal environment, features of their use and their possibilities of functional extension placement by limited area. The analysis of world experience (Leonardo da Vinci, Galileo Galilei, Robert Fulton, Nikola Tesla, Joan Littlewood, Cederic Price, Larry Bell, Craig Kauffman, Peter Alexander, Mies van Dral Roeta Lille Reich, Dieter Rams). The light effecting on the proportions of the placement. For example of such groups like: Lightand Space, Aqua Creations, Manta Ray Light. The lighting system allows you to add dynamics into the space, expressiveness or isolation. Created an environment which would be change for human need. Use sliding partitions - screens, for example Popup Interactive Apartment is represented by Hyperbody design team from DelftUniversity of Technology. Authors idea is to place all placemant in a room with area of 50 square meters (smart technology) - where you can move not only partitions, but also furniture, which can suit specific human needs. The curtains were expertly fitted into the interior of the Samt & Seide cafe by architects Mies van der Roet Lilly Reich, which was designed for Die Modeder Dame exhibition in Berlin. A space with 300 square meters was zoned with using silk and velvet curtains, which were divided according to their color and height. Examples of flexible space are WAarchi's architectural project: architects have successfully rethought the space of the first building of Taiwan's Chiao Tung University construction school. Also, the article outlines prospect development of adaptive design on architecture and historical background, show the results of the analysis of questions adaptive spaces in the context modern development of society. Studding thematic publications gave it possible to highlighting the main tools dimensional zoning in interior design. Often used by architects and designers: work with light (own lighting, navigation, and communication with the observer); sliding partitions (take up less space in placement and can be transform); color and material (divide space on functional zone); kinetic elements of equipment, which can change their position in space or shape/ Describe the areas of their used on based for examples from world architectural practice, provide them the grade.
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Razi, Fahrur. "Metode Dakwah Islam Wasatiyah KH Hasyim Asyari." Jurnal Komunikasi Islam 13, no. 01 (June 1, 2023): 185–205. http://dx.doi.org/10.15642/jki.2023.13.01.185-205.
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This research endeavors to understand KH Hasyim Asyari's thoughts regarding wasatiyah da'wah. This study used a textual analysis method with a qualitative content analysis approach. In this regard, the heritage texts (turath) written by KH Hasyim Asyari and the text of a commentator (copyist) of Kiai Hasyim's ideas regarding wasatiyah preaching were inventoried, studied, then analyzed thematically. The results of this study illustrate that KH. Hasyim Asyari used the da'wah method bil-hikmah like when he was convincing Karl von Smith, the architect from Dutch, to convert to Islam. Additionally, he employed da'wah method bil-qalam through writing dozens of books, including those compiled in the title 'Irsyad Al Sari fi Jami Mushannafal al Syaikh Hasyim Asyari'. Further, in preaching wasatiyah, Kiai Hasyim argued that the difference of opinions among Muslims is not on the issue of usuluddin, but rather on furu' al-din, so that the differences with regard to schools of thought should not make Muslim society divided.
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Mildawani, Irina, and Shahed Khan. "The Role of Landscape Architecture Profession In Two Different Contexts: A Comparative Review of the Practitioners in Responding To Climate Change Adaptation." Indonesian Journal of Planning and Development 1, no. 1 (September 24, 2014): 43. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/ijpd.1.1.43-50.
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<p class="Abstract">In the context of rising concerns about global warming and sustainable development this paper examines the challenges of landscape architecture (LA) in developing and developed countries in handling climate change adaptation. The paper aims to find how the LA institutes define their professionals’ roles in dealing with society and environment. It seeks to focus on the professionals’ involvement in climate change adaptation programs in Indonesia and Australia. The paper seeks to determine how contextual factors such as institutional roles and types of prevalent governance systems shape the development of landscape architecture discipline and its professional capability with respect to other related built environment professions (architecture and planning). The websites of the ISLA (Indonesian Society of Landscape Architects) and the AILA (Australian Institutes of Landscape Architects) are examined and analysed from the perspective of professional principles of the International Federation of Landscape Architects (IFLA). The aim is to determine the LA practitioners’ awareness and approaches in handling climate change challenges in various roles and capabilities. It has found that the professional institute in Australia has been involved in the educational program to equip their practitioner members to have a basic knowledge and further application of climate change adaptation in their design and planning projects; whereas in Indonesia the practitioners are actively involved in community capacity building to increase people’s awareness and participation in mitigating the climate change at local as well as regional levels. Findings from the study seek to establish the universality of the LA profession and its relevance in both developed and developing countries.</p>
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Caine, Ian. "Inhabiting the Line: A Digital Chronology of Suburban Expansion for San Antonio, Texas." International Journal of Humanities and Arts Computing 11, no. 1 (March 2017): 20–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/ijhac.2017.0176.
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This project explores the power of lines to tell stories. For architects, lines are elemental devices: they catalyze and structure our ability to describe space. But can they describe time and experience? The following case study explores this question in depth while tracking the historical expansion of suburban life in San Antonio, Texas. The research focuses on five roads, re-imagining them as a series of concentric timelines that stretch from the city's historical center to its suburban periphery. To date the multi-disciplinary team—led by architect Ian Caine with collaboration from a historian and an urban geographer—has utilized three distinct media to represent the chronological growth of San Antonio: 1) a large two-dimensional timeline that the team exhibited in a museum gallery, 2) a video-based spatial-temporal narrative that simulated the experience of driving through the city, and 3) a web-based interactive timeline. 1 This article establishes the merits of the first two approaches—which are both complete—before speculating about the potential of the web-based version to recast the timeline as a narrative device capable of illuminating the complex relationship between time, space and experience in the contemporary city.