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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Text genetics'

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Published: 7 July 2024

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1

Moreau, William Edgar. "David Thompson's writing of his Travels, the genetics of an emerging exploration text." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp02/NQ45823.pdf.

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2

Winslow, Hayley R. "Pre- and Post-Test Parent Perceptions of Genetic Testing for Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD)." The Ohio State University, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1492505122437373.

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3

Smith, Nichole. "Consumer Preferences for the Reporting of Genetic Variants of Uncertain Significance." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1337352216.

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4

Bitencourt, Jossiane Boyen. "A constituição da coletividade na web : um estudo das ações no editor de texto coletivo ETC." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/13265.

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Esta dissertação trata de um estudo sobre as ações dos sujeitos para a constituição da coletividade em um Ambiente Virtual de Escrita Coletiva. Como recurso foi utilizado o Editor de Texto Coletivo - o ETC, desenvolvido pelo NUTED (Núcleo de Tecnologia Digital da Faculdade de Educação, da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul - UFRGS) que serviu de base para a coleta e análise dos dados. Os sujeitos da pesquisa foram estudantes de graduação e pós-graduação da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS) de disciplinas da área de informática na educação. Como fundamentação teórica utilizou-se a Epistemologia Genética de Jean Piaget que serviu como referencial para o desenvolvimento deste estudo. Para tanto, a coleta de dados foi realizada através de entrevistas semiestruturadas individuais e em grupo, buscando a fala do aluno. Também foram realizadas observações no ETC e analisadas a escrita e a ação dos sujeitos, no decorrer do processo de trabalho. Os resultados de tais observações foram capturados nos registros dos textos, comentários e no histórico do editor. Além disso, foi utilizado como complemento o Ambiente Virtual de Aprendizagem ROODA, através de extratos retirados das ferramentas fórum, diário, bate-papos e webfólio. As conclusões indicam um mapeamento das ações dos sujeitos para a constituição da coletividade na Web, a partir do conhecimento e da organização do grupo apoiada na identificação dos conflitos sócio-cognitivos, coordenação de ações/idéias e a construção de uma escala comum de valores entre os participantes. Entretanto foi necessário criar estratégias pedagógicas de utilização do ETC que propiciassem a interação entre os participantes, bem como verificar quais ferramentas potencializam a constituição da coletividade na Web.
This dissertation deals with the subject’s actions to derive a collective writing virtual environment. The Editor de Texto Coletivo [Collective Text Editor, ETC] was used as main resource – ETC, developed by NUTED (Núcleo de Tecnologia Digital da Faculdade de Educação, da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul - UFRGS) [Digital Technology Nucleolus of the School of Education of UFRGS [Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul] was used to collect and analyze data. Subjects were undergraduate and graduate students of the schools of Information Technology and Education. The background theory employed in this study is the Genetic Epistemology by Jean Piaget. Data were collected by structured and semi-structured interviews in order to get the student´s speech. ETC was also used to analyze the subjects’ writings and actions during the workshop. Results of these observations were stored from the texts, comments, and the editor’s records. Also ROODA [Virtual Learning Environment] was used as a tool for the forum summaries, chats, and the web foils. Conclusions indicate a mapping of the subjects’ actions to build a web community starting with the knowledge the group’s organization, its socio-cognitive conflicts, the group’s actions and ideas, as well as the group building of a common values scale. However, the use of pedagogical tools and the use of ETC were key allow the participant’s interaction and to detect the tools that enhance web community establishment.
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5

Parrott, Ashley. "Media Coverage of Direct-to-Consumer Genetic Testing." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1276977244.

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6

Olsson, Elin. "Deriving Genetic Networks Using Text Mining." Thesis, University of Skövde, Department of Computer Science, 2002. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:his:diva-708.

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On the Internet an enormous amount of information is available that is represented in an unstructured form. The purpose with a text mining tool is to collect this information and present it in a more structured form. In this report text mining is used to create an algorithm that searches abstracts available from PubMed and finds specific relationships between genes that can be used to create a network. The algorithm can also be used to find information about a specific gene. The network created by Mendoza et al. (1999) was verified in all the connections but one using the algorithm. This connection contained implicit information. The results suggest that the algorithm is better at extracting information about specific genes than finding connections between genes. One advantage with the algorithm is that it can also find connections between genes and proteins and genes and other chemical substances.

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7

HOLMGREN, LISA MICHELLE. "THE IMPACT OF TEST OUTCOME CERTAINTY ON INTEREST IN GENETIC TESTING AMONG COLLEGE WOMEN." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2001. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin994694629.

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8

Menke, Chelsea A. "Non-Genetics Pediatric Providers' Understanding and Interpretation of a VUS Result." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1552398848715174.

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9

Girardi, Laura. "Development and Validation of Innovative Technologies for Highly Accurate and Cost-Effective Preimplantation Genetic Testing: Technical and Clinical Perspectives." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Padova, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/11577/3425772.

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Testing preimplantation embryos, obtained during in vitro fertilization treatments, using preimplantation genetic tests have been introduced into clinical practice in recent years. First applications involved the possibility of detecting embryos affected by monogenic disorders (PGT-M) inherited from parents. Subsequently, preimplantation genetic testing for aneuploidy (PGT-A) was introduced to improve IVF transfer outcomes. Indeed, identification of aneuploid and transfer of euploid embryos has demonstrated improved rates for implantation, pregnancy and live birth per transfer and reduced implantation failures. Developments in genomic technologies for PGT have revolutionized the ability to detect genetic abnormalities of various kinds, starting from a small number of cells biopsied from the embryo. The increased sensitivity and resolution of these methods has allowed to identify not only the gain or loss of entire chromosome but also partial or segmental aneuploidies and chromosomal mosaicism, introducing novel diagnostic categories with greater difficult management and interpretation. Of note the knowledge of the biology of these alterations and the outcomes is incomplete and still evolving. In recent years the demand for PGT has increased considerably. At the same time, the novel technologies adapted for preimplantation genetic diagnosis have allowed to increase the number of samples simultaneously analyzed, reducing the costs and time associated with analyses this allowed a greater diffusion and accessibility of PGT to a greater number of patients. Moreover, partial automation of procedures, increased analytical flexibility and simplified data analysis, provided by recent technologies, have significantly improved laboratory workflow and clinical management. The central theme of this thesis is the evolution of technologies and analytical methods employed in our laboratory for preimplantation genetic diagnosis. In this project the main application of PGT, chromosomal aneuploidies and monogenic disease, are presented separately. Since the beginning of my PhD training, I’ve been involved in the development and validation of new molecular genetics methodologies: the new Ion Reproseq protocol on Ion Torrent platform was validated and introduced into clinical practice for aneuploidy screening. Later Karyomapping approach was validated for monogenic disorders but didn’t replace the technology already in use. During the last year I focused my activity on the characterization of segmental aneuploidies: a considerable proportion was found to be mosaic in origin, reducing their diagnostic predictive value compared to whole chromosome aneuploidies.
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10

Sætre, Rune. "GeneTUC: Natural Language Understanding in Medical Text." Doctoral thesis, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Department of Computer and Information Science, 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:no:ntnu:diva-545.

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Natural Language Understanding (NLU) is a 50 years old research field, but its application to molecular biology literature (BioNLU) is a less than 10 years old field. After the complete human genome sequence was published by Human Genome Project and Celera in 2001, there has been an explosion of research, shifting the NLU focus from domains like news articles to the domain of molecular biology and medical literature. BioNLU is needed, since there are almost 2000 new articles published and indexed every day, and the biologists need to know about existing knowledge regarding their own research. So far, BioNLU results are not as good as in other NLU domains, so more research is needed to solve the challenges of creating useful NLU applications for the biologists.

The work in this PhD thesis is a “proof of concept”. It is the first to show that an existing Question Answering (QA) system can be successfully applied in the hard BioNLU domain, after the essential challenge of unknown entities is solved. The core contribution is a system that discovers and classifies unknown entities and relations between them automatically. The World Wide Web (through Google) is used as the main resource, and the performance is almost as good as other named entity extraction systems, but the advantage of this approach is that it is much simpler and requires less manual labor than any of the other comparable systems.

The first paper in this collection gives an overview of the field of NLU and shows how the Information Extraction (IE) problem can be formulated with Local Grammars. The second paper uses Machine Learning to automatically recognize protein name based on features from the GSearch Engine. In the third paper, GSearch is substituted with Google, and the task in this paper is to extract all unknown names belonging to one of 273 biomedical entity classes, like genes, proteins, processes etc. After getting promising results with Google, the fourth paper shows that this approach can also be used to retrieve interactions or relationships between the named entities. The fifth paper describes an online implementation of the system, and shows that the method scales well to a larger set of entities.

The final paper concludes the “proof of concept” research, and shows that the performance of the original GeneTUC NLU system has increased from handling 10% of the sentences in a large collection of abstracts in 2001, to 50% in 2006. This is still not good enough to create a commercial system, but it is believed that another 40% performance gain can be achieved by importing more verb templates into GeneTUC, just like nouns were imported during this work. Work has already begun on this, in the form of a local Masters Thesis.

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11

DESSI', STEFANIA. "Analysis and implementation of methods for the text categorization." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Cagliari, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/11584/266782.

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Text Categorization (TC) is the automatic classification of text documents under pre-defined categories, or classes. Popular TC approaches map categories into symbolic labels and use a training set of documents, previously labeled by human experts, to build a classifier which enables the automatic TC of unlabeled documents. Suitable TC methods come from the field of data mining and information retrieval, however the following issues remain unsolved. First, the classifier performance depends heavily on hand-labeled documents that are the only source of knowledge for learning the classifier. Being a labor-intensive and time consuming activity, the manual attribution of documents to categories is extremely costly. This creates a serious limitations when a set of manual labeled data is not available, as it happens in most cases. Second, even a moderately sized text collection often has tens of thousands of terms in that making the classification cost prohibitive for learning algorithms that do not scale well to large problem sizes. Most important, TC should be based on the text content rather than on a set of hand-labeled documents whose categorization depends on the subjective judgment of a human classifier. This thesis aims at facing the above issues by proposing innovative approaches which leverage techniques from data mining and information retrieval. To face problems about both the high dimensionality of the text collection and the large number of terms in a single text, the thesis proposes a hybrid model for term selection which combines and takes advantage of both filter and wrapper approaches. In detail, the proposed model uses a filter to rank the list of terms present in documents to ensure that useful terms are unlikely to be screened out. Next, to limit classification problems due to the correlation among terms, this ranked list is refined by a wrapper that uses a Genetic Algorithm (GA) to retaining the most informative and discriminative terms. Experimental results compare well with some of the top-performing learning algorithms for TC and seems to confirm the effectiveness of the proposed model. To face the issues about the lack and the subjectivity of manually labeled datasets, the basic idea is to use an ontology-based approach which does not depend on the existence of a training set and relies solely on a set of concepts within a given domain and the relationships between concepts. In this regard, the thesis proposes a text categorization approach that applies WordNet for selecting the correct sense of words in a document, and utilizes domain names in WordNet Domains for classification purposes. Experiments show that the proposed approach performs well in classifying a large corpus of documents. This thesis contributes to the area of data mining and information retrieval. Specifically, it introduces and evaluates novel techniques to the field of text categorization. The primary objective of this thesis is to test the hypothesis that: text categorization requires and benefits from techniques designed to exploit document content. hybrid methods from data mining and information retrieval can better support problems about high dimensionality that is the main aspect of large document collections. in absence of manually annotated documents, WordNet domain abstraction can be used that is both useful and general enough to categorize any documents collection. As a final remark, it is important to acknowledge that much of the inspiration and motivation for this work derived from the vision of the future of text categorization processes which are related to specific application domains such as the business area and the industrial sectors, just to cite a few. In the end, it is this vision that provided the guiding framework. However, it is equally important to understand that many of the results and techniques developed in this thesis are not limited to text categorization. For example, the evaluation of disambiguation methods is interesting in its own right and is likely to be relevant to other application fields.
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12

ZHANG, GE. "STATISTICAL METHODS IN GENETIC ASSOCIATION." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2007. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1196099744.

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13

Williams, Tom. "A genetic algorithm test bed implementation." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape7/PQDD_0017/MQ52677.pdf.

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14

MARICA, MONICA. "Malattie rare in genetica clinica: variabilità e distribuzione nella popolazione sarda, applicazione di test genetici, studio delle nuove prospettive terapeutiche." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Cagliari, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/11584/265943.

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Le distrofie muscolari sono un gruppo di disordini degenerativi del muscolo geneticamente eterogeneo, caratterizzato da progressiva perdita della forza e dell’integrità muscolare. Distrofia muscolare è un termine generico che descrive un gruppo di disordini miogenici ereditari, caratterizzati da una progressiva disorganizzazione e atrofia del muscolo con variazione dello spessore delle fibre muscolari, aree di necrosi con incremento della quantità di grasso e di tessuto connettivo. La malattia muscolare riguarda l’anello terminale dell’unità motoria. La debolezza muscolare, o difetto di forza, colpisce la muscolatura prossimale dei cingoli scapolare e pelvico e, in certe forme in modo suggestivo, quella del collo e della faccia. Negli ultimi due decenni, il notevole sviluppo delle ricerche di genetica molecolare ha consentito di identificare molti dei geni coinvolti in tali malattie e ha fornito così la chiave per decifrarne la patogenesi molecolare; attualmente sono stati mappati 29 differenti loci che danno origine a 34 distinti disordini che variano per l’età di inizio, grado di severità, modo di ereditarietà, e gruppi muscolari che sono primariamente coinvolti. La membrana delle fibre muscolari (sarcolemma) è la vera responsabile di questo gruppo di malattie e la sua composizione proteica, ora molto più nota, risulta straordinariamente complessa.
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15

Rogers, Benjamin Charles. "Using Genetic Algorithms for Feature Set Selection in Text Mining." Miami University / OhioLINK, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=miami1389811705.

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16

MAINETTI, RENATO. "SERIOUS GAMES TO COPE WITH THE GENETIC TEST REVOLUTION." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/2434/612483.

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Il progresso tecnologico e l'abbassamento del costo di sequenziamento del DNA, hanno reso i test genetici sempre più accessibili al pubblico. Questo sviluppo però non procede di pari passo con la scarsa conoscenza che la gente comune risulta avere in ambito genetico. Oggi giorno è possibile sottoporsi ad un test genetico autonomamente senza il consulto medico, ma la diffusa carenza di consapevolezza e informazione in questo ambito può portare ad un fraintendimento dei risultati genetici ottenuti e quindi a possibili conseguenze negative per quanto concerne le decisioni relative alla propria salute. Per cercare di porre rimedio a questa lacuna sono state sviluppate diverse policy. Tra queste, la necessità di educare la gente sui concetti di genetica assume un rilievo di particolare importanza. Si vuole infatti cercare di potenziare la consapevolezza della cittadinanza, favorendo prese di decisione in ambito medico più responsabili. Per ottenere questo risultato l'impiego di Serious Games (SG) sembra uno tra gli approcci più promettenti. I SG hanno infatti mostrato ottimi risultati se impiegati in ambiti quali l'educazione, l'addestramento, la promozione della salute e la socializzazione; ecco dunque perchè sembrano essere un valido strumento per divulgare concetti di genetica tra la gente comune. Lo scopo di questa ricerca è studiare la possibilità di utilizzare i SG come media fortemente interattivo per incoraggiare un apprendimento esperienziale, aumentare la conoscenza e promuovere il processo cognitivo dell'autoefficacia nel contesto dei processi decisionali in ambito genetico. Per ottenere questo risultato esploriamo lo stato dell'arte dei SG legati alla genetica e discutiamo sulla possibilità di farli utilizzare dalla gente comune. Successivamente progettiamo, sviluppiamo e testiamo una suite di SG su misura per educare la gente sui concetti di genetica e di test genetico. Lo sviluppo e la validazione di videogiochi arcade custom per illustrare concetti di genetica di base e l'utilizzo del genere ``Adventure Game'' per mettere in relazione il rischio genetico individuale ai fattori dello stile di vita, risulta essere, sulla base delle nostre ricerche, completamete nuovo in questo ambito. Concludiamo infine presentando i risultati della ricerca condotta testando i videogiochi sviluppati per quanto riguarda la loro usabilità, la capacità di trasferire conoscenza e migliorare il processo cognitivo nell'ambito dei processi decisionali in ambito medico e analizzando i dati collezionati durante le sessioni di gioco.
Technological progress and the lowering of DNA sequencing costs have made genetic testing increasingly accessible to the general public. However, this progress does not reflect an increased genetics literacy in lay people that at present remains poor. Thus almost everyone has the possibility to undergo genetic testing independently, but the diffuse lack of knowledge may lead to misinterpretation of genetic information and result in negative consequences for personal health decisions. Several policies have been developed to try to address this issue. The most appropriate one is to educate people about genetic concepts and genetic test interpretation, to empower them in order to make responsible health-related decisions. To reach this goal the Serious Games (SG) approach seems very promising as it has been shown to be very powerful in education, training, health promotion, and socialization. This is why SG appear an attractive means to communicate genetic concepts to the general public. The aim of this research is to study the feasibility of using SG as a highly interactive medium to encourage experiential learning, increase literacy and promote self-efficacy in the genetic-related decision-making process. For this purpose, we explore state-of-the-art of Serious Games related to genetics, discussing whether these games are an adequate instrument to increase literacy and self-efficacy in the general public. Based on this analysis we design, develop and test a suite of SG specifically tailored to educate people about genetic concepts and genetic testing. To maximize the efficacy and mass appeal, the level of complexity of genetic information was balanced with the intent of making comprehensible and usable games. We believe that our approach --development and validation, using an evidence-based approach, of customized arcade games to convey basic genetics concepts together with the use of the ``Adventure Game'' genre to relate the individual genetic risk with lifestyle factors-- is completely new in this field. We conclude by discussing results about usability/playability, knowledge transfer and self-efficacy promotion in the field of health-related decision making, analysing data collected during monitored playing sessions.
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17

Fülöp, Tibor. "Výpočetní metody pro anotační analýzy genetických variací." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta informačních technologií, 2015. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-234900.

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Analýza a interpretace variací DNA je důležité pro zkoumání genetického pozadí dědičnosti, nemocí a jiných fenotypových rysů. Tato práce stručně úvadí oblasti molekulární biologie a základních principů genetiky, popisuje metody pro anotační analýzy genetických variací, genomové asociační studie a metody pro analýzy obohacení s jejich implementací. V rámci této práce jsme představili nový webový nástroj Varanto, který může být použit k anotaci, vizualizaci a analýze genetických variací. Může být použit k analýze obohacení anotací pomocí hypergeometrického testu pro danou množinu variací. Varanto obsahuje uživatelské webové rozhraní vyvinuté pomocí frameworku Shiny jazyka R. Výkon a funkcionalita nástroje jsou testovány a demonstrovány podle výkonových benchmarků a na základě analýzy a interpretace dat z dříve publikovaných genomových asociačních studií.
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18

Lu, Zhiyong. "Text mining on GeneRIFs /." Connect to full text via ProQuest. Limited to UCD Anschutz Medical Campus, 2007.

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Thesis (Ph.D. in ) -- University of Colorado Denver, 2007.
Typescript. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 174-182). Free to UCD affiliates. Online version available via ProQuest Digital Dissertations;
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19

Gomes, Jozébio Esteves [UNESP]. "Variabilidade genética e correlações juvenil - adulto de baru (Dipteryx alata Vog.) no Município de Brasilândia - Mg." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/106670.

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Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:35:46Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2011-06-28Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T21:08:04Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 gomes_je_dr_botfca.pdf: 647583 bytes, checksum: 8b10d73f3a2dce680ecff366505adea0 (MD5)
O objetivo do presente trabalho foi o estudo de caracteres de crescimentos, bem como dos parâmetros envolvidos no ato da seleção precoce, visando obter respostas mais precisas em programas de melhoramento florestal, e dos seus efeitos nas correlações juvenil x adulto das progênies e procedências e Dipteryx alata Vog. Os dados utilizados para o estudo foram provenientes de um experimento instalado no município de Brasilândia de Minas, noroeste de Minas Gerais. Foram utilizadas três procedências de baru, totalizando 66 famílias de meio-irmãos de polinização livre. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi o de blocos ao acaso, com três repetições. O espaçamento utilizado foi de 3 x 4 metros, ou seja, 12 m2 por planta, totalizando, uma área de aproximadamente 1,19 ha, com 990 plantas. O experimento foi avaliado nas idades de 1, 3, 5, 10 e 11 anos. Foram medidas cinco plantas de cada parcela, obtendo-se o Diâmetro do Coleto (DC – somente nos dois primeiros anos), o Diâmetro à Altura do Peito (DAP) e a Altura Total. Para as estimativas dos parâmetros genéticos foram utilizados os programas estatísticos GENES e o Selegen-REML/BLUP. E para análises padronizadas e teste de normalidade dos dados experimentais foi empregado o programa estatístico Statgraphics Plus. A propagação assexuada apresentou-se como uma melhor alternativa para obtenção dos maiores ganhos de seleção, até mesmo na formação de pomares de sementes clonais para as progênies as quais apresentaram os melhores resultados nos caracteres avaliados. O caráter mais indicado para o processo de seleção foi o Diâmetro a Altura do Peito por ter apresentado os maiores valores de correlação genotípica ( 2 C ˆ ) variando de 0,03 a 0,12, e a melhor correlação entre as idades de 5 e 11 anos
The objective of this work was to study characters of growth, as well as the parameters involved in early selection procedures in order to obtain more accurate responses in forest improvement programs, and its effects on adult x juvenile correlations and provenances and progenies of Dipteryx alata Vog. The data used for the study came from an experiment installed in Brasilândia de Minas, northwestern of Minas Gerais, Brazil. We used three provenances of Baru, totaling 66 families of open pollinated half sibs. The experimental design was a randomized block design with three replications. The spacing used was 3 x 4 meters, or 12 m2 per plant, totaling an area of about 1.19 ha, with 990 plants. The experiment was evaluated at ages of 1, 3, 5, 10, and 11 years. Five plants from each plot were measured, obtaining the stem base diameter (only the first two years), diameter at breast height (DBH) and total height. For the estimates of genetic parameters was used GENES and Selegen-REML/BLUP statistical software. For analysis and standardized test of normality of the experimental data was used the Statgraphics Plus statistical software. The asexual propagation presented himself as a better alternative to obtain higher gains from selection, even in the implementation of clonal seed orchard for progenies which showed the best results regarding characters. The most suitable character for selection process was the diameter at breast height because it presented the highest values of genetic correlations ( 2 C ˆ ) from 0.03 to 0.12, and the best correlation between the ages of 5 and 11 years old
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Dunning, Ted Emerson. "Finding structure in text, genome and other symbolic sequences." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.310811.

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21

Zhang, Baoping. "Intelligent Fusion of Evidence from Multiple Sources for Text Classification." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/28198.

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Automatic text classification using current approaches is known to perform poorly when documents are noisy or when limited amounts of textual content is available. Yet, many users need access to such documents, which are found in large numbers in digital libraries and in the WWW. If documents are not classified, they are difficult to find when browsing. Further, searching precision suffers when categories cannot be checked, since many documents may be retrieved that would fail to meet category constraints. In this work, we study how different types of evidence from multiple sources can be intelligently fused to improve classification of text documents into predefined categories. We present a classification framework based on an inductive learning method -- Genetic Programming (GP) -- to fuse evidence from multiple sources. We show that good classification is possible with documents which are noisy or which have small amounts of text (e.g., short metadata records) -- if multiple sources of evidence are fused in an intelligent way. The framework is validated through experiments performed on documents in two testbeds. One is the ACM Digital Library (using a subset available in connection with CITIDEL, part of NSF's National Science Digital Library). The other is Web data, in particular that portion associated with the Cadê Web directory. Our studies have shown that improvement can be achieved relative to other machine learning approaches if genetic programming methods are combined with classifiers such as kNN. Extensive analysis was performed to study the results generated through the GP-based fusion approach and to understand key factors that promote good classification.
Ph. D.
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22

Hart, G. L., J. M. Nelson, and Glen Barney. "Marana Pima Test." College of Agriculture, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/197042.

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Seventeen pima cotton varieties were grown at the Marana Agricultural Center as part of the national cotton variety testing program. Lint yield, boll size, lint percent and fiber properites are presented in this report.
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23

Drelles, Kelly Ann. "Impact of previous genetic counseling and objective numeracy on accurate interpretation of a pharmacogenetics test report." The Ohio State University, 2020. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu158625790496246.

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24

Fisher, W. D., and E. J. Pegelow. "Regional Variety Test." College of Agriculture, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/219740.

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25

Song, Yeunjoo E. "New Score Tests for Genetic Linkage Analysis in a Likelihood Framework." Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1354561219.

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26

Fisher, W. D., and Mary Flentge. "Upland Variety Test." College of Agriculture, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/204041.

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27

Pegelow, E. J. Jr, and A. C. McAlister. "Regional Variety Test." College of Agriculture, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/204539.

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28

Dutta, Ranendra Nath. "Experimental Test of Solitary Wave Theory in Viral Populations." University of Toledo Health Science Campus / OhioLINK, 2008. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=mco1226950654.

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29

Gomes, Jozébio Esteves 1971. "Variabilidade genética e correlações juvenil - adulto de baru (Dipteryx alata Vog.) no Município de Brasilândia - Mg /." Botucatu : [s.n.], 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/106670.

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Orientador: Edson Seizo Mori
Banca: José Mauro Santana da Silva
Banca: Handrey Borges Araújo
Banca: Renato Luiz Grisi Macedo
Banca: Luiz Carlos de Faria
Resumo: O objetivo do presente trabalho foi o estudo de caracteres de crescimentos, bem como dos parâmetros envolvidos no ato da seleção precoce, visando obter respostas mais precisas em programas de melhoramento florestal, e dos seus efeitos nas correlações juvenil x adulto das progênies e procedências e Dipteryx alata Vog. Os dados utilizados para o estudo foram provenientes de um experimento instalado no município de Brasilândia de Minas, noroeste de Minas Gerais. Foram utilizadas três procedências de baru, totalizando 66 famílias de meio-irmãos de polinização livre. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi o de blocos ao acaso, com três repetições. O espaçamento utilizado foi de 3 x 4 metros, ou seja, 12 m2 por planta, totalizando, uma área de aproximadamente 1,19 ha, com 990 plantas. O experimento foi avaliado nas idades de 1, 3, 5, 10 e 11 anos. Foram medidas cinco plantas de cada parcela, obtendo-se o Diâmetro do Coleto (DC - somente nos dois primeiros anos), o Diâmetro à Altura do Peito (DAP) e a Altura Total. Para as estimativas dos parâmetros genéticos foram utilizados os programas estatísticos GENES e o Selegen-REML/BLUP. E para análises padronizadas e teste de normalidade dos dados experimentais foi empregado o programa estatístico Statgraphics Plus. A propagação assexuada apresentou-se como uma melhor alternativa para obtenção dos maiores ganhos de seleção, até mesmo na formação de pomares de sementes clonais para as progênies as quais apresentaram os melhores resultados nos caracteres avaliados. O caráter mais indicado para o processo de seleção foi o Diâmetro a Altura do Peito por ter apresentado os maiores valores de correlação genotípica ( 2 C ˆ ) variando de 0,03 a 0,12, e a melhor correlação entre as idades de 5 e 11 anos
Abstract: The objective of this work was to study characters of growth, as well as the parameters involved in early selection procedures in order to obtain more accurate responses in forest improvement programs, and its effects on adult x juvenile correlations and provenances and progenies of Dipteryx alata Vog. The data used for the study came from an experiment installed in Brasilândia de Minas, northwestern of Minas Gerais, Brazil. We used three provenances of Baru, totaling 66 families of open pollinated half sibs. The experimental design was a randomized block design with three replications. The spacing used was 3 x 4 meters, or 12 m2 per plant, totaling an area of about 1.19 ha, with 990 plants. The experiment was evaluated at ages of 1, 3, 5, 10, and 11 years. Five plants from each plot were measured, obtaining the stem base diameter (only the first two years), diameter at breast height (DBH) and total height. For the estimates of genetic parameters was used GENES and Selegen-REML/BLUP statistical software. For analysis and standardized test of normality of the experimental data was used the Statgraphics Plus statistical software. The asexual propagation presented himself as a better alternative to obtain higher gains from selection, even in the implementation of clonal seed orchard for progenies which showed the best results regarding characters. The most suitable character for selection process was the diameter at breast height because it presented the highest values of genetic correlations ( 2 C ˆ ) from 0.03 to 0.12, and the best correlation between the ages of 5 and 11 years old
Doutor
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30

Hart, G. L., J. M. Nelson, and Glen Barney. "Marana Pima Test, 1997." College of Agriculture, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/210351.

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Nine pima cotton varieties were grown at Marana Agricultural Center as part of the national cotton variety testing program. Lint yield, boll size, lint percent, and plant population are presented in this report.
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31

Fisher, W. D., and E. J. Pegelow. "Regional Variety Test." College of Agriculture, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/204478.

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32

Liljeroos, Tom. "Genetik i pedagogisk text : Analys av tre läroböcker för biologikurs A." Thesis, Halmstad University, School of Teacher Education (LUT), 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-3904.

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Intresset för de naturvetenskapliga ämnena tycks under de senare åren falnat hos svenska ungdomar. En rådande uppfattning kring denna företeelse är att den grundas i de naturvetenskapliga ämnenas abstraktion, komplexitet och kunskapsmässiga omfång. Denna studie fokuserar på hur genetikområdet framställs inom tre läroböcker avsedda för biologikurs A.

Genetikområdet uppvisar samtliga av ovanstående egenskaper vilka anses vara bakomliggande denna avkylande inverkan på elevers intresse. Studien fokuserar medelst en läromedelsanalys innehållandes diskursanalytiska inslag hur ämnesområdets problematiska egenskaper materialiseras och eventuellt motverkas inom modern pedagogisk text. Från studiens redovisade resultat kan vissa gemensamma drag urskiljas i den granskade litteraturen. Däribland figurerar punkter där arbetet för konkretisering och meningskapande fallerat, vilket i dessa fall utfallit i en motsatt verkan. Från studiens resultat kan frågeställningar utveckla sig, såsom: Kan dessa fallerande punkter i kombination med den i klassrum förekommande monopolära tillämpning av läromedel resultera i en negativ synergi?

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33

Pander, Banwari Lal. "Genetic studies on test day yields in dairy cattle." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/12748.

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The main aim of this study was to estimate the genetic parameters of test day records of British Holstein-Friesian heifers and to determine how best to use these parameters for generic prediction of lactation performance from test day records. The possibility of reducing the frequency of recording to less often than monthly and procedures for the inclusion of part records in genetic evaluations were also investigated. Estimates of genetic parameters of test day and lactation records were obtained from data on 47736 heifers in 7973 herds, progeny of 40 proven and 707 young sires, using multivariate restricted maximum likelihood methods with a sire model. Average values of heritability estimates for test day records of milk, fat and protein yields and fat and protein contents were 0.36, 0.23, 0.29, 0.36 and 0.36, respectively. Generally, heritability estimates for test day records were lowest at the start and highest in mid and late lactation. Heritability estimates for lactation records of these traits wre 0.49, 0.39, 0.43, 0.63 and 0.47, respectively. Average values of genetic correlations between adjacent TD records of these traits were high (0.92 to 0.97), and the correlations decreased as the interval between tests increased. Genetic correlations of lactation milk yield with fat and protein yields and contents were 0.72, 0.94, -0.56 and -0.53, respectively. Estimates of genetic correlation of test day records with corresponding lactation traits were also high (0.76 to 0.99), being highest in mid lactation.
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34

Lejukole, Henry Young. "GENETIC IMPROVEMENT OF BEEF CATTLE THROUGH PERFORMANCE TEST PROCEDURE." Kyoto University, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/182396.

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Kyoto University (京都大学)
0048
新制・課程博士
博士(農学)
甲第7472号
農博第1005号
新制||農||766(附属図書館)
学位論文||H10||N3181(農学部図書室)
UT51-98-N94
京都大学大学院農学研究科畜産学専攻
(主査)教授 佐々木 義之, 教授 宮本 元, 教授 大西 近江
学位規則第4条第1項該当
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35

Thacker, G., R. Norton, and J. Silvertooth. "Pima Variety Test, Marana, 1995." College of Agriculture, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/210859.

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36

Sthamer, Harmen-Hinrich. "The automatic generation of software test data using genetic algorithms." Thesis, University of South Wales, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.320726.

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37

De, Lorenzo Andrea. "Genetic Programming Techniques in Engineering Applications." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Trieste, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10077/9991.

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2012/2013
Machine learning is a suite of techniques that allow developing algorithms for performing tasks by generalizing from examples. Machine learning systems, thus, may automatically synthesize programs from data. This approach is often feasible and cost-effective where manual programming or manual algorithm design is not. In the last decade techniques based on machine learning have spread in a broad range of application domains. In this thesis, we will present several novel applications of a specific machine Learning technique, called Genetic Programming, to a wide set of engineering applications grounded in real world problems. The problems treated in this work range from the automatic synthesis of regular expressions, to the generation of electricity price forecast, to the synthesis of a model for the tracheal pressure in mechanical ventilation. The results demonstrate that Genetic Programming is indeed a suitable tool for solving complex problems of practical interest. Furthermore, several results constitute a significant improvement over the existing state-of-the-art. The main contribution of this thesis is the design and implementation of a framework for the automatic inference of regular expressions from examples based on Genetic Programming. First, we will show the ability of such a framework to cope with the generation of regular expressions for solving text-extraction tasks from examples. We will experimentally assess our proposal comparing our results with previous proposals on a collection of real-world datasets. The results demonstrate a clear superiority of our approach. We have implemented the approach in a web application that has gained considerable interest and has reached peaks of more 10000 daily accesses. Then, we will apply the framework to a popular "regex golf" challenge, a competition for human players that are required to generate the shortest regular expression solving a given set of problems. Our results rank in the top 10 list of human players worldwide and outperform those generated by the only existing algorithm specialized to this purpose. Hence, we will perform an extensive experimental evaluation in order to compare our proposal to the state-of-the-art proposal in a very close and long-established research field: the generation of a Deterministic Finite Automata (DFA) from a labelled set of examples. Our results demonstrate that the existing state-of-the-art in DFA learning is not suitable for text extraction tasks. We will also show a variant of our framework designed for solving text processing tasks of the search-and-replace form. A common way to automate search-and-replace is to describe the region to be modified and the desired changes through a regular expression and a replacement expression. We will propose a solution to automatically produce both those expressions based only on examples provided by user. We will experimentally assess our proposal on real-word search-and-replace tasks. The results indicate that our proposal is indeed feasible. Finally, we will study the applicability of our framework to the generation of schema based on a sample of the eXtensible Markup Language documents. The eXtensible Markup Language documents are largely used in machine-to-machine interactions and such interactions often require that some constraints are applied to the contents of the documents. These constraints are usually specified in a separate document which is often unavailable or missing. In order to generate a missing schema, we will apply and will evaluate experimentally our framework to solve this problem. In the final part of this thesis we will describe two significant applications from different domains. We will describe a forecasting system for producing estimates of the next day electricity price. The system is based on a combination of a predictor based on Genetic Programming and a classifier based on Neural Networks. Key feature of this system is the ability of handling outliers-i.e., values rarely seen during the learning phase. We will compare our results with a challenging baseline representative of the state-of-the-art. We will show that our proposal exhibits smaller prediction error than the baseline. Finally, we will move to a biomedical problem: estimating tracheal pressure in a patient treated with high-frequency percussive ventilation. High-frequency percussive ventilation is a new and promising non-conventional mechanical ventilatory strategy. In order to avoid barotrauma and volutrauma in patience, the pressure of air insufflated must be monitored carefully. Since measuring the tracheal pressure is difficult, a model for accurately estimating the tracheal pressure is required. We will propose a synthesis of such model by means of Genetic Programming and we will compare our results with the state-of-the-art.
XXVI Ciclo
1984
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38

Pegelow, E. J., and W. D. Fisher. "Variety/Date of Planting Test." College of Agriculture, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/204477.

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39

Tsairidou, Smaragda. "Genetics of disease resistance : application to bovine tuberculosis." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/25397.

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Bovine Tuberculosis (bTB) is a disease of significant economic importance, being one of the most persistent animal health problems in the UK and the Republic of Ireland and increasingly constituting a public health concern especially for the developing world. Limitations of the currently available diagnostic and control methods, along with our incomplete understanding of bTB transmission, prevent successful eradication. This Thesis addresses the development of a complementary control strategy which will be based on animal genetics and will allow us to identify animals genetically predisposed to be more resistant to disease. Specifically, the aim of my PhD project is to investigate the genetic architecture of resistance to bTB and demonstrate the feasibility of whole genome prediction for the control of bTB in cattle. Genomic selection for disease resistance in livestock populations will assist with the reduction of the in herd-level incidence and the severity of potential outbreaks. The first objective was to explore the estimation of breeding values for bTB resistance in UK dairy cattle, and test these genomic predictions for situations when disease phenotypes are not available on selection candidates. Through using dense SNP chip data the results of Chapter 2 demonstrate that genomic selection for bTB resistance is feasible (h2 = 0.23(SE = 0.06)) and bTB resistance can be predicted using genetic markers with an estimate of prediction accuracy of r(g, ĝ) = 0.33 in this data. It was shown that genotypes help to predict disease state (AUC ≈ 0.58) and animals lacking bTB phenotypes can be selected based on their genotypes. In Chapter 3, a novel approach is presented to identify loci displaying heterozygote (dis)advantage associated with resistance to M. bovis, hypothesising underlying non-additive genetic variation, and these results are compared with those obtained from standard genome scans. A marker was identified suggesting an association between locus heterozygosity and increased susceptibility to bTB i.e. a heterozygote disadvantage, with the heterozygotes being significantly more in the cases than in the controls (x2 = 11.50, p < 0.001). Secondly, this thesis focused on conducting a meta-analysis on two dairy cattle populations with bTB phenotypes and SNP chip genotypes, identifying genomic regions underlying bTB resistance and testing genomic predictions by means of cross-validation. In Chapter 4, exploration of the genetic architecture of the trait revealed that bTB resistance is a moderately polygenic, complex trait with clusters of causal variants spread across a few major chromosomes collectively controlling the trait. A region was identified on chromosome 6, putatively associated with bTB resistance and this chromosome as a whole was shown to contribute a major proportion (hc 2= 0.051) of the observed variation in this dataset. Genomic prediction for bTB was shown to be feasible even when only distantly related populations are combined (r(g,ĝ)=0.33 (SE = 0.05)), with the chromosomal heritability results suggesting that the accuracy arises from the SNPs capturing linkage disequilibrium between markers and QTL, as well as additive relationships between animals (~80% of estimated genomic h2 is due to relatedness). To extend the analysis, in Chapter 5, high density genotypes were inferred by means of genotype imputation, anticipating that these analyses will allow the identification of genomic regions associated with bTB resistance more closely, and that would increase the prediction accuracy. Genotype imputation was successful, however, using all imputed genotypes added little information. The limiting factor was found to be the number of animals and the trait definitions rather than the density of genotypes. Thirdly, a quantitative genetic analysis of actual Single Intradermal Comparative Cervical Test (SICCT) values collected during bTB herd testing was conducted aiming to investigate if selection for bTB resistance is likely to have an impact on the SICCT diagnostic test. This analysis demonstrated that the SICCT has a negligibly low heritability (h2=0.0104 (SE = 0.0032)) and any effect on the responsiveness to the test is likely to be small. In conclusion, breeding for disease resistance in livestock is feasible and we can predict the risk of bTB in cattle using genomic information. Further, putative QTLs associated with bTB resistance were identified, and exploration of the genetic architecture of bTB resistance revealed a moderately polygenic trait. These results suggest that given that larger datasets with more phenotyped and genotyped animals will be available, we can breed for bTB resistance and implement the genomic selection technology in breeding programmes aiming to improve the disease status and overall health of the livestock population. Using the genomics this can be continued as the epidemic declines.
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40

ABDUL, MAHDI NOOR. "Genetic variability Of the LCR, E6, E7 and L1 genes of the high risk HPV-31, HPV-58 and probable high risk HPV-66, HPV-53 and Phylogenetic analysis of the infected Italian women from urban area of Rome." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Roma "Tor Vergata", 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/2108/214311.

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Sono stati descritti oltre 100 genotipi HPV, 18 dei quali classificati come ad alto rischio a causa della loro associazione con lo sviluppo del cancro alla cervice. La diversità genomica all’interno dello stesso genotipo di HPV-16 e 18 è stata sudiata in maniera estesa, mentre pochi dati sono stati prodotti per altri genotipi meno comuni ad alto rischio. Il presente studio investiga la variabilità nucleotidica e la filogenesi dei genotipi ad alto rischio HPV-31e HPV58 e i probabili genotipi ad alto rischio HPV53 e HPV66 in campioni raccolti in Italia, a Roma. A questo scopo, i geni L1, E6, E7 e LCR sono stati sequenziati in 33 campioni di HPV-31, 24 campioni di HPV-58, 30 campioni di HPV-53 e 24 campioni di HPV-66. Diverse varianti di questi tipi di HPV sono stati rilevate con la presenza delle corrispondenti lesioni citologiche, alcune delle quali sono state rilevate anche in altre parti del mondo. Inoltre, sono state determinate nuove varianti di tutti i genotipi esaminati. Sulla base delle sequenze E6, E7 e L1, sono stati descritte le varianti compresi i cambiamenti aminoacidici conservativi e non consecutivi e anche le sequenze LCR sono state analizzate per i siti di legame dei fattori di trascrizione. L’albero filogenetico è stato costruito studiando i geni L1 e L6; l’analisi filogenetica degli isolati di HPV31, HPV58, HPV53 e HPV66 non ha rilevato un “clustering” etnico o geografico come osservato precedentemente for HPV-16 e 18. In aggiunta, non c’era correlazione tra le varianti dei quattro genotipi e delle lesioni citologiche corrispondenti; questo è stato anche confermato calcolando la diversità genomica di L1, E6 e LCR per ogni genotipo e per il gene E6 in relazione alle lesione citologica. La diversità genetica è risultata molto simile e molto limitata in ciascun gene per tutte le lesioni genotipiche e citologiche. L’elevato numero di nuove varianti rilevate può essere spiegato dai pochissimi studi che sono stati condotti ad oggi riguardanti la variabilità genetica di questi genotipi HPV meno prevalenti ad alto rischio. Benchè non potessimo condurre uno studio funzionale, ulteriori dati sono necessari per comprendere l’effetto possible di queste varianti sulla funzione proteica e la progressione della malattia. La caratterizzazine genomica delle varianti di HPV è cruciale per capire la correlazione geografica intinseca e le differenze biologiche di questi virus e fornisce ulteriori informazioni agli studi sulla loro infettività e patogenicità.
More than 100 HPV types have been described, 18 of which are classified as high-risk due to their association with the development of cervical cancer. The intratype genomic diversity of HPV-16 and -18 has been studied extensively, while little data have been generated for other less common high-risk types. The present study explores the nucleotide variability and phylogeny of the high-risk HPV-31and HPV58 and probable high-risk HPV53 and HPV66 in samples collected from Rome Italy. For this purpose, the L1, E6, E7 and LCR genes were sequenced from 33 samples HPV-31, 24 samples HPV-58, 30 samples HPV-53 and 24 samples HPV-66. Several variants of these HPV types were detected with the correspondent cytological lesions, some of which have been detected in other parts of the world. Furthermore, novel variants of all types examined were detected. Based on the E6, E7 and L1 sequences, variants were described comprising conservative and non-conservative amino acid changes, also the LCR have been analyzed for the transcription factors binding sites. Phylogenetic tree was constructed with respect to L1 and E6 gene; the phylogenetic analysis of HPV31, HPV58, HPV53, and HPV66 isolates did not reveal ethnic or geographical clustering as observed previously for HPV-16 and -18. In addition, there was no correlation between the HPV variants of the four genotypes and correspondent cytological lesion; this was confirmed by calculating the genomic diversity of L1, E6 and LCR for each genotype and for E6 gene in relation with the cytological lesion. The results of genetic diversity were similar and very limited in each gene for all the genotypes and cytological lesions. The high number of new variants detected can be explained by the very few studies that have been conducted to date concerning the genetic variability of these less prevalent high-risk HPV types. Although, we couldn’t perform a functional study, more data are needed to understand the possible effect of these variants on protein function and disease progression. The genomic characterization of HPV variants is crucial for understanding the intrinsic geographical relatedness and biological differences of these viruses and contributes further to studies on their infectivity and pathogenicity.
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41

Yang, Ying. "Identification of the common eliminated region (CER1) by the microcell hybrid based "elimination test" /." Stockholm : [Karolinska institutets bibl.], 2001. http://diss.kib.ki.se/2001/91-7349-102-0.

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42

Kim, Sulgi. "Genetic Association Tests for Binary Traits with an Application." Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1247020107.

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43

Little, Katherine Alexandra. "Genetics and relatedness of wild Hanuman langur monkeys : a test of socioecological hypotheses." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.407810.

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44

Reilly, Elizabeth A. B. S. "Developing Conceptual Change Texts and Corresponding Rubrics to Address Undergraduate Students’ Genetics Misconceptions." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2011. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1311692653.

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45

Guan, Ting. "Novel Statistical Methods for Multiple-variant Genetic Association Studies with Related Individuals." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/96243.

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Genetic association studies usually include related individuals. Meanwhile, high-throughput sequencing technologies produce data of multiple genetic variants. Due to linkage disequilibrium (LD) and familial relatedness, the genotype data from such studies often carries complex correlations. Moreover, missing values in genotype usually lead to loss of power in genetic association tests. Also, repeated measurements of phenotype and dynamic covariates from longitudinal studies bring in more opportunities but also challenges in the discovery of disease-related genetic factors. This dissertation focuses on developing novel statistical methods to address some challenging questions remaining in genetic association studies due to the aforementioned reasons. So far, a lot of methods have been proposed to detect disease-related genetic regions (e.g., genes, pathways). However, with multiple-variant data from a sample with relatedness, it is critical to account for the complex genotypic correlations when assessing genetic contribution. Recognizing the limitations of existing methods, in the first work of this dissertation, the Adaptive-weight Burden Test (ABT) --- a score test between a quantitative trait and the genotype data with complex correlations --- is proposed. ABT achieves higher power by adopting data-driven weights, which make good use of the LD and relatedness. Because the null distribution has been successfully derived, the computational simplicity of ABT makes it a good fit for genome-wide association studies. Genotype missingness commonly arises due to limitations in genotyping technologies. Imputation of the missing values in genotype usually improves quality of the data used in the subsequent association test and thus increases power. Complex correlations, though troublesome, provide the opportunity to proper handling of genotypic missingness. In the second part of this dissertation, a genotype imputation method is developed, which can impute the missingness in multiple genetic variants via the LD and the relatedness. The popularity of longitudinal studies in genetics and genomics calls for methods deliberately designed for repeated measurements. Therefore, a multiple-variant genetic association test for a longitudinal trait on samples with relatedness is developed, which treats the longitudinal measurements as observations of functions and thus takes into account the time factor properly.
PHD
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46

Schmid, Marion Anna. "Genesis, text and criticism : the planning and plotting of Flaubert's L'Education Sentimentale and Proust's A la Recherche du Temps Perdu (1908-1911)." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.308674.

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47

Annica, Ivert. "Determining Attribute Importance Using an Ensemble of Genetic Programs and Permutation Tests : Relevansbestämning av attribut med hjälp av genetiska program och permutationstester." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för datavetenskap och kommunikation (CSC), 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-185260.

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When classifying high-dimensional data, a lot can be gained, in terms of both computational time and precision, by only considering the most important features. Many feature selection methods are based on the assumption that important features are highly correlated with their corresponding classes, but mainly uncorrelated with each other. Often, this assumption can help eliminate redundancies and produce good predictors using only a small subset of features. However, when the predictability depends on interactions between the features, such methods will fail to produce satisfactory results. Also, since the suitability of the selected features depends on the learning algorithm in which they will be used, correlation-based filter methods might not be optimal when using genetic programs as the final classifiers, as they fail to capture the possibly complex relationships that are expressible by the genetic programming rules. In this thesis a method that can find important features, both independently and dependently discriminative, is introduced. This method works by performing two different types of permutation tests that classifies each of the features as either irrelevant, independently predictive or dependently predictive. The proposed method directly evaluates the suitability of the features with respect to the learning algorithm in question. Also, in contrast to computationally expensive wrapper methods that require several subsets of features to be evaluated, a feature classification can be obtained after only one single pass, even though the time required does equal the training time of the classifier. The evaluation shows that the attributes chosen by the permutation tests always yield a classifier at least as good as the one obtained when all attributes are used during training - and often better. The proposed method also fares well when compared to other attribute selection methods such as RELIEFF and CFS.
Då man handskas med data av hög dimensionalitet kan man uppnå både bättre precision och förkortad exekveringstid genom att enbart fokusera på de viktigaste attributen. Många metoder för att hitta viktiga attribut är baserade på ett grundantagande om en stark korrelation mellan de viktiga attributen och dess tillhörande klass, men ofta även på ett oberoende mellan de individuella attributen. Detta kan å ena sidan leda till att överflödiga attribut lätt kan elimineras och därmed underlätta processen att hitta en bra klassifierare, men å andra sidan också ge missvisande resultat ifall förmågan att separera klasser i hög grad beror på interaktioner mellan olika attribut. Då lämpligheten av de valda attributen också beror på inlärningsalgoritmen i fråga är det troligtvis inte optimalt att använda sig av metoder som är baserade på korrelationer mellan individuella attribut och dess tillhörande klass, ifall målet är att skapa klassifierare i form av genetiska program, då sådana metoder troligtvis inte har förmågan att fånga de komplexa interaktioner som genetiska program faktiskt möjliggör. Det här arbetet introducerar en metod för att hitta viktiga attribut - både de som kan klassifiera data relativt oberoende och de som får sina krafter endast genom att utnyttja beroenden av andra attribut. Den föreslagna metoden baserar sig på två olika typer av permutationstester, där attribut permuteras mellan de olika dataexemplaren för att sedan klassifieras som antingen oberende, beroende eller irrelevanta. Lämpligheten av ett attribut utvärderas direkt med hänsyn till den valda inlärningsalgoritmen till skillnad från så kallade wrappers, som är tidskrävande då de kräver att flera delmängder av attribut utvärderas. Resultaten visar att de attribut som ansetts viktiga efter permutationstesten genererar klassifierare som är åtminstone lika bra som när alla attribut används, men ofta bättre. Metoden står sig också bra när den jämförs med andra metoder som till exempel RELIEFF och CFS.
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48

Carvalho, Nathã Silva de. "Tendências genéticas das características de produção, conformação e manejo de bovinos Gir leiteiro." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/184515.

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Em diferentes programas de melhoramento genético, o acompanhamento do progresso genético é essencial para possibilitar ajustes necessários à sua utilização. No Brasil, além de ser considerada uma das raças mais utilizadas para a produção de fêmeas mestiças leiteiras, a raça Gir Leiteiro lidera a lista das raças exportadoras de sêmen. Por conta disso, este estudo objetivou estimar os parâmetros e as tendências genéticas para vinte características de produção, conformação e manejo de animais puros da raça, integrantes do Programa Nacional de Melhoramento do Gir Leiteiro, além das tendências fenotípicas e das tendências genéticas para quatro trajetórias de seleção para produção de leite e de gordura. A metodologia utilizada foi a da Máxima Verossimilhança Restrita em um modelo animal. As tendências genéticas para todas as características foram obtidas via regressão linear das médias dos valores genéticos em função do ano de nascimento dos animais, que em geral, variou de 1935 a 2013. As herdabilidades foram de 0,23 (leite), 0,10 (gordura) e variaram de 0,01 a 0,53 para as características lineares de conformação e manejo. Para produção de leite em 305 dias, houve favorável progresso genético ao longo do tempo, para fêmeas mensuradas (14,04 kg/ano), fêmeas (8,27 kg/ano) e machos (6,12 kg/ano), quanto para as quatro trajetórias de seleção (pais de touros, pais de vacas, mães de touros e mães de vacas). As tendências genéticas para produção de gordura em 305 dias, embora positivas, foram de baixa magnitude. As mudanças genéticas nas características lineares foram em geral, variáveis e inexpressivas, sugerindo que a seleção no Gir Leiteiro tenha sido direcionada essencialmente para maior produção de leite. A provável maior adesão pelos criadores ao uso de reprodutores comprovadamente geneticamente superiores e as melhorias ambientais (nutrição e manejo), possibilitaram incrementos fenotípicos nas produções de leite (55,38 kg/ano) e de gordura (0,91 kg/ano) em bovinos puros da raça Gir Leiteiro no Brasil.
In different breeding programs for genetic improvement, the monitoring of genetic progress is essential to allow for the necessary adjustments to its use. In Brazil, besides being considered one of the most used breeds for the production of crossbred dairy females, the Dairy Gir breed leads the list of semen export breeds. The objective of this study was to estimate parameters and genetic trends for nineteen traits of production, conformation and management of purebred animals of the National Breeding Program for Dairy Gir, in addition to the phenotypic trends and genetic trends for four selection trajectories for the milk yield and fat yield productions. The methodology used was that of Restricted Maximum Likelihood in an animal model. The genetic trends for all traits were obtained through linear regression of the means of genetic values according to the year of birth of the animals, which generally varied from 1935 to 2013. The heritabilities were 0.23 (milk), 0.10 (fat) and ranged from 0.01 to 0.53 for the linear conformation and management traits. The milk yield in 305 days presented favorable genetic progression over time for both mensured females (14.04 kg/year), females (8.27 kg/year) and males (6.12 kg/year), and for the four selection trajectories. The genetic trends for fat yield production in 305 days, although positive, were of low magnitude. The genetic changes in the linear characteristics were in general, variable and inexpressive, suggesting that the selection in Dairy Gir has been directed essentially to a greater milk yield. The probable higher adhesion by breeders to the use of genetically superior breeding herds and environmental improvements (nutrition and management), allowed for phenotypic increases in the milk yield (55.38 kg/year) and fat yield (0.91 kg/year) in the Dairy Gir cattle in Brazil.
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49

Derderian, Karnig Agop. "Automated test sequence generation for finite state machines using genetic algorithms." Thesis, Brunel University, 2006. http://bura.brunel.ac.uk/handle/2438/3062.

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Testing software implementations, formally specified using finite state automata (FSA) has been of interest. Such systems include communication protocols and control sections of safety critical systems. There is extensive literature regarding how to formally validate an FSM based specification, but testing that an implementation conforms to the specification is still an open problem. Two aspects of FSA based testing, both NP-hard problems, are discussed in this thesis and then combined. These are the generation of state verification sequences (UIOs) and the generation of sequences of conditional transitions that are easy to trigger. In order to facilitate test sequence generation a novel representation of the transition conditions and a number of fitness function algorithms are defined. An empirical study of the effectiveness on real FSA based systems and example FSAs provides some interesting positive results. The use of genetic algorithms (GAs) makes these problems scalable for large FSAs. The experiments used a software tool that was developed in Java.
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50

Smith, Andrew James. "Genetic gold : the post-human homunculus in alchemical and visual texts." Diss., Pretoria : [S.n.], 2009. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-10162009-113335.

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