Academic literature on the topic 'Textile fabrics, Black'

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Journal articles on the topic "Textile fabrics, Black"

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Kim, Yong K., and Armand F. Lewis. "Concepts for Energy-Interactive Textiles." MRS Bulletin 28, no. 8 (August 2003): 592–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/mrs2003.171.

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AbstractThis review examines textile fibers and fabrics in the context of their interaction with various forms of energy, such as electromagnetic (photolytic), electrical, magnetic, thermal, chemical, and mechanical. This interaction can involve conversion, storage, or management of energy. Examples are described suggesting some new material configurations that could be incorporated into textiles to create special energy-interactive textile (EITX) structures. Areas discussed are the management of electron flow (electrical resistivity) and the absorption of mechanical energy in textile fibers and fabrics. Surface resistance studies on carbon nanotubes and conductive carbon-black-filled films of poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) and paraffin wax show that the electrical conductivity of these materials depends upon the matrix material type and the amount of charge-carrying particles in the matrix. PMMA films filled with carbon nanotubes are found to be more electrically conductive than matrices filled with conductive carbon black. Mechanical-energy interactions of flocked textile surfaces show that in compression, they exhibit unique, gradual load-deflection behavior. This effect should be useful in applications requiring impact-energy absorption. Finally, the functional steps in an integrated energy-interactive textile system are discussed.
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Budeanu, Ramona, Antonela Curteza, and Cezar Doru Radu. "Experimental Researches Regarding the Ecological Dyeing with Natural Extracts." Autex Research Journal 14, no. 4 (December 1, 2014): 290–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/aut-2014-0029.

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Abstract The concept of ‘environmental awareness’ has recently had a major impact on the textile industry and on the fashion world as well. In this context, the use of natural fibres and the development of natural dyeing processes gradually became important goals of the textile industry. Of all natural textile fibres, hemp is considered to be one of the strongest and most durable. A wide range of natural extracts have been used for natural textile coloration and dyeing. Dyes deriving from natural sources have emerged as an important alternative to synthetic dyes. Ecofriendly, nontoxic, sustainable and renewable natural dyes and pigments have been used for colouring the food substrate, leather, wood, natural fibres and fabrics from the dawn of human history. The purpose of the research is to obtain ecologically coloured fabrics for textiles by using a method of dyeing that relies on natural ingredients extracted from red beet, onion leaves and black tea. The experiments are conducted on three different types of hemp fabrics. This paper presents the results of the studies regarding the dyeing process of hemp fabrics with natural extracts, the colours of the dyed samples inspected with reflectance spectra and the CIE L*a*b* colour space measurements.
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Satharasinghe, Hughes-Riley, and Dias. "Solar Energy-Harvesting E-Textiles to Power Wearable Devices." Proceedings 32, no. 1 (December 4, 2019): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2019032001.

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This work presents an innovative solar energy harvesting fabric and demonstrates its suitability for powering wearable and mobile devices. A large solar energy harvesting fabric containing 200 miniature solar cells has been shown to charge a 110 mF textile supercapacitor bank within 37 s. A series of solar energy harvesting fabrics with different design features, such as using red or black fibres, were tested and compared to a commercially available flexible solar panel outside under direct sunlight. The results showed that the solar energy harvesting fabrics had power densities that were favorable when compared to the commercially available solar cell.
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Kopponen, Päivi, Mirkka Asikainen, Riitta Törrönen, Kaisa Klemola, Jyrki Liesivuori, and Sirpa Kärenlampi. "In Vitro Cytotoxicity of Textile Dyes and Extracts of Dyed/Finished Fabrics." Alternatives to Laboratory Animals 25, no. 5 (September 1997): 539–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/026119299702500510.

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The aim of this study was to investigate whether an in vitro test can give an indication of the overall toxicity of fabric extracts, and whether this toxicity correlates with the toxicity of the dyes and finishes used. Thirteen textile dyes and dyed/finished cotton fabrics were tested by using the Hepa-1 cytotoxicity test. Black sulphur and two blue reactive dyes were the most toxic, with IC50 (the concentration at which the total protein content was 50% of the protein content of non-exposed cells) values of 40–65μg/ml. The least toxic dyes, the black and yellow mix reactive dyes, had IC50 values of 825μg/ml and 703μg/ml, respectively. There was no correlation between the toxicities of the dyes and the fabric extracts; the extract from naphtholdyed fabric was the most cytotoxic. These results strongly support the hypothesis that the toxicity of a fabric extract cannot be predicted directly from the toxicity of the dye itself. The results also showed that flame-retardant and water/soil-repellent finishes can alter the cytotoxicity. In vitro tests, as exemplified by the Hepa-1 cytotoxicity test, could provide useful information for developing new ecotextiles.
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Hajipour, Abbas, Ali Shams Nateri, and Alireza Sadr Momtaz. "Estimation of fabric opacity by scanner." Sensor Review 34, no. 4 (August 26, 2014): 404–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/sr-01-2013-607.

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Purpose – This study aimed to use a scanner as a low-cost method for measuring the opacity of textile fabric. Textile fabrics must have specific ranges of opacity according to their uses for shirting, curtaining, etc. In this way, opacity is an important property in the textile industry. Conventionally, textile opacity is estimated using a spectrophotometer, which is an expensive method. Design/methodology/approach – In this study a scanner was used as a low-cost method for measuring the opacity of textile fabric. The opacity was estimated by using red, green and blue (RGB) parameters of images of fabric against white and black background. Findings – The accuracy of opacity estimation was improved by converting RGB into several color spaces. The best opacity estimation was obtained by using the XYZ color space. In addition, using a regression method, the best estimation was obtained by using a fourth-order polynomial regression with the LSLM color space. Originality/value – The opacity of fabric has been measured by spectrophotometer, but in this study, the opacity of fabric was measured by scanner as a low cost device and also with novel and simple method. This method achieved acceptable accuracy for opacity estimation. The obtained result is comparable with spectrophotometer results.
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Ullrich, Julia, Martin Eisenreich, Yvonne Zimmermann, Dominik Mayer, Nina Koehne, Jacqueline F. Tschannett, Amalid Mahmud-Ali, and Thomas Bechtold. "Piezo-Sensitive Fabrics from Carbon Black Containing Conductive Cellulose Fibres for Flexible Pressure Sensors." Materials 13, no. 22 (November 16, 2020): 5150. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma13225150.

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The design of flexible sensors which can be incorporated in textile structures is of decisive importance for the future development of wearables. In addition to their technical functionality, the materials chosen to construct the sensor should be nontoxic, affordable, and compatible with future recycling. Conductive fibres were produced by incorporation of carbon black into regenerated cellulose fibres. By incorporation of 23 wt.% and 27 wt.% carbon black, the surface resistance of the fibres reduced from 1.3 × 1010 Ω·cm for standard viscose fibres to 2.7 × 103 and 475 Ω·cm, respectively. Fibre tenacity reduced to 30–50% of a standard viscose; however, it was sufficient to allow processing of the material in standard textile operations. A fibre blend of the conductive viscose fibres with polyester fibres was used to produce a needle-punched nonwoven material with piezo-electric properties, which was used as a pressure sensor in the very low pressure range of 400–1000 Pa. The durability of the sensor was demonstrated in repetitive load/relaxation cycles. As a regenerated cellulose fibre, the carbon-black-incorporated cellulose fibre is compatible with standard textile processing operations and, thus, will be of high interest as a functional element in future wearables.
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LILIANA, BUHU, NEGRU DANIELA, LOGHIN EMIL CONSTANTIN, and BUHU ADRIAN. "Analysis of tensile properties for conductive textile yarn." Industria Textila 70, no. 02 (2019): 116–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.35530/it.070.02.1517.

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In this paper conductive yarns were made by coating the yarns with a solution having carbon black nanoparticles (CB) with an average diameter of 18 nm, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and water. For a continuous coating deposition it is necessary to obtain a solution of a certain consistency; for this reason, carbon black nanoparticles are mixed with the ingredients so that the resulting film deposited as a thin layer on the yarn to be conductive, and at the same time flexible. The carbon black nanoparticles tend to form aggregates; this is why the solution should be stirred continuously. The yarns used as support are different from the nature, fineness and structure point of view. Several variants of yarns were chosen in order to decide which ones are appropriate for obtaining conductive yarns that keep their specific initial properties. The variants of conductive yarns obtained were tested in terms of physical and mechanical properties (tensile strength, elongation), and from the viewpoint of electrical properties, electrical resistivity was measured. After coating the conductive layer, yarns shows greater rigidity, but can be used to obtain textile materials such as woven fabrics. After performing the measurements, it can be concluded that the yarns coated with a conductive solution based on CB shows electrical conductivity and can be used for obtaining conductive textile fabrics.
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BENLI, HÜSEYIN. "ULTRASOUND ASSISTED BIO-DYEING OF SOME TEXTILE MATERIALS WITH BLACK CARROT (DAUCUS CAROTA L.) EXTRACT." Cellulose Chemistry and Technology 55, no. 3-4 (April 20, 2021): 325–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.35812/cellulosechemtechnol.2021.55.32.

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"This study has been conducted to find out whether black carrot extract can be used as a dyestuff to dye textile materials. For this purpose, the two most widely used textiles (namely, cotton and wool) have been selected. The extractions from the black carrot were performed directly in the dyebath. An ultrasonic bath at 80 °C for 60 minutes was used to increase extraction efficiency. All the dyeing processes were carried out at 100 °C for 60 minutes, both with and without some metal salts, using two different dye concentrations in 1:1 and 1:10 ratios (material weight:dye extraction volume). Six different metal salts, i.e. K2Cr2O7, CuSO45H2O, FeSO47H2O, SnCl22H2O, ZnSO47H2O, KAl(SO4)2.12H2O, were used in the dyeing processes, according to pre- and simultaneous mordanting methods. After the dyeing processes, the dyed samples’ CIE L*a*b* and color efficiency K/S values were determined by spectrophotometry. The SEM and FTIR data of the fabrics were collected and evaluated at the end of the trials as well. At the same time, perspiration, rubbing, washing and light fastness values of the dyed materials were also assessed. Acceptable fastness test results were obtained for the dyed samples. The findings of the study indicated that the dyeability performance of wool and cotton fabrics with black carrot (Daucus carota L.) extract could be greatly influenced by the mordant used and its application method."
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Liu, Zhi Mei, Ming Su Song, and Yan Hua Lu. "Properties of Sorghum Red Pigment and its Application to Rayon Fabric Dyeing." Advanced Materials Research 821-822 (September 2013): 638–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.821-822.638.

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Natural dye sorghum red pigment is a kind of natural product from sorghum shell. In this paper, the sorghum red pigment was extracted from a black sorghum shell produced. The spectrum property of and photostability were analysized. The results showed that the maximum absorption wavelength of the sorghum red pigment changed with pH values. The light stability changed with pH values under light and no light conditions. Then rayon fabrics were dyed with direct dyeing method by orthogonal experiments. The result indicated that the sorghum red pigment has good property for rayon fabric dyeing, the rubbing and washing color fastness of rayon fabric samples are reach to the requirement of textile dyeing.
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Wielewski, Leonardo Pellizzari, Tatiana Zuccolotto, Marlene Soares, Liziê Daniela Tentler Prola, and Marcus Vinicius de Liz. "Degradation of the Textile Dye Reactive Black 5 by Basidiomycetes." Ambiente e Agua - An Interdisciplinary Journal of Applied Science 15, no. 1 (February 3, 2020): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.4136/ambi-agua.2464.

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Reactive Black 5 (RB5) is one of the synthetic reactive dyes most used in the textile industry, due to its solubility in water and reactive groups which form covalent bonds within the fiber. In the process of dyeing fabrics, however, it is estimated that 12-14% of dyes are released into the effluent. This work evaluated the biodegradation of RB5 dye, adsorbed in polyurethane foam, by basidiomycetes (Phanerochaete chrysosporium ATCC 24725, Pleurotus ostreatus and Pleurotus floridae). Results were evaluated considering the partial- or total medium discoloration, the adsorption capacity of the dye in the polyurethane foam (PUF) and the respirometric measurements. The results showed that Phanerochaete chrysosporium was able to partially degrade 50 mg L-1 of RB5 in pH 6.0, when cultivated in Petri dishes. When this microorganism was cultivated in PUF cubes saturated with RB5 solution (50 mg L-1, pH 6.0), CO2 production reached an accumulated value of 2.16 mg on the fifteenth day, revealing the growth of the microorganism and consequently the contaminant degradation, which was used as the source of nutrients.
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Books on the topic "Textile fabrics, Black"

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Textiles africains. Paris: A. Biro, 1993.

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Clarke, Duncan. The art of African textiles. San Diego, Calif: Thunder Bay Press, 1997.

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The art of African textiles. Hoo: Grange, 2002.

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L'Afrique des textiles. Aix-en-Provence, France: Edisud, 2004.

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Till, Förster, and IWALEWA-Haus (Bayreuth Germany), eds. African styles: Kleidung und Textilien aus Afrika : die Sammlung des Iwalewa-Hauses. Köln: Köppe, 2001.

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Adler, Peter. African majesty: The textile art of the Ashanti and Ewe. New York, N.Y: Thames and Hudson, 1992.

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New York. The essential art of African textiles: Design without end. New York: Metropolitan Museum of Art, 2008.

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National Museum of African Art (U.S.), ed. Patterns of life: West African strip-weaving traditions. Washington, D.C: Published for the National Museum of African Art by the Smithsonian Institution Press, 1987.

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Pushpa, M. N. Catalogue of textiles & textile blocks in the collections of government museums in Tamilnadu. Chennai: Published by Dir. of Museums, Govt. of Tamil Nadu, 2006.

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1970-, Garnsey Elizabeth, ed. John Robshaw prints: Block printing, batik, indigo, ikat, and more. San Francisco: Chronicle Books, 2012.

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Book chapters on the topic "Textile fabrics, Black"

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Farmer, Errick, Kelsey Kunkle, Sundra D. Kincey, Cheree Y. Wiltsher, and Adriel A. Hilton. "Where Do We Go From Here?" In Advances in Higher Education and Professional Development, 149–80. IGI Global, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-7021-9.ch009.

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For over 150 years, Historically Black Colleges and Universities (HBCUs) have played a significant role in providing a quality education to millions of families. The nation's HBCUs add a rich texture to the fabric of higher education in the United States. Their legacy is one of access and opportunity. In order for HBCUs to continue their legacy, they will need to continually examine their retention and engagement strategies, particularly when there are major factors that contribute to an institution's credibility and financial stability at a time when greater emphasis is being placed on these indicators in higher education in the United States. It is critically important HBCUs to address the challenges surrounding student retention and engagement, especially for traditionally underrepresented groups, and start a dialogue to embrace change and improvement in their efforts to increase retention and student engagement.
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Conference papers on the topic "Textile fabrics, Black"

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Birsan, Iulian-Gabriel, Adrian Circiumaru, Vasile Bria, Igor Roman, and Victor Ungureanu. "Mechanical Characterization of Fiber Fabrics." In ASME 2010 10th Biennial Conference on Engineering Systems Design and Analysis. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/esda2010-25300.

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Fabric reinforced or textile composites are increasingly used in aerospace, automotive, naval and other applications. They are convenient material forms providing adequate stiffness and strength in many structures. In such applications they are subjected to three-dimensional states of stress coupled with hydro-thermal effects. Assuming that a composite material is a complex structure it is obvious that is hard to describe all its properties in terms of its parts properties. The properties of the composite depend not only on the properties of the components but on quality and nature of the interface between the components and its properties. As reinforcement two types of fiber fabric were used; first one is a simple type fabric of untwisted tows of carbon filaments while the second one is also simple type but as yarn and fill are used alternately untwisted tows of carbon and aramide filaments. There were some problems to be solved before molding: fabric stability during handling, cutting, imbuing the carbon and aramide tows are slipping one on each other leading to fabric defects; generally the epoxy systems do not adhere to the carbon fiber; in order to obtain a valuable material the nature of interface must be the same for polymer-carbon fiber and polymer aramide fiber. In order to solve these problems the two fabrics were covered (by spraying) with a thin film of PNB rubber. Into the rubber solution were also dispersed small amounts of clay (to create a better interface) and carbon black (to improve the electrical conductivity). The rubber presence solves the fabric stability problem; ensures the same type of interface between fibers and polymer matrix; ensures a more elastic interface between fibers and polymer matrix. This treatment induces modification on tensile behavior of fabrics. This study is about mechanical evaluation of such fabrics.
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Antonio Buschetto, Luiz, Felipe Vieira Roque, Luan Casagrande, Tiago Oliveira Weber, and Cristian Cechinel. "A Block-Processing Approach Using Texture Analysis for Fabric Defect Detection." In Computer on the Beach. Itajaí: Universidade do Vale do Itajaí, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.14210/cotb.v11n1.p221-228.

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The quality control is an essential step in fabric industries. Detectdefects in the early stages can reduce costs and increase the qualityof the products. Currently, this task is mainly done by humans,whose judgment can be affected by fatigue. Computer vision-basedtechniques can automatically detect defects, reducing the need forhuman intervention. In this context, this work proposes an imageblock-processing approach, where we compare the Segmentation-Based Fractal Texture Analysis, Gray Level Co-Occurrence Matrix,and Local Binary Pattern in the feature extraction step. Aimingto show the efficiency of this approach for the problem, these resultswere compared with the same algorithms without the blockprocessingapproach. A Support Vector Machine optimized by Grid-Search Algorithm was used to classify the fabrics. The databaseused, which is available online, is composed of 479 images fromsamples with defects and without it. The results show that thisblock processing approach can improve the classification results,achieving 100% in this work.
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