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1
Rathinamoorthy, R. "Influence of repeated household fabric softener treatment on the comfort characteristics of cotton and polyester fabrics." International Journal of Clothing Science and Technology 31, no. 2 (April 15, 2019): 207–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijcst-06-2018-0076.
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Purpose The utilisation of softener after laundering of textile became one of the mandatory activities among the consumers. Hence, the purpose of this paper is to determine the influence of repeated rinse cycle softener treatment on the comfort characteristics of cotton and polyester woven fabric. Design/methodology/approach The selected cotton and polyester fabrics were treated using three different softeners types and three different numbers of rinsing times, namely 5, 10 and 15. The impact of repeated rinse cycle softener treatment on the comfort characteristics like absorbency, air permeability, wicking, thermal conductivity and flammability was analysed and the changes in the properties were confirmed using two-way ANOVA. Findings The number of rinse cycle softener treatment has a significant impact on the absorbency, air permeability and wicking ability of the cotton and polyester fabrics. The thermal conductivity and flammability characteristics of the fabrics mostly altered based on the type of fabric softener used. For all the type of fabric, the burning time reduced after the softener treatment. Social implications The consumer expects the softness and fragrance smell developed by the rinse cycle softener and they intend to use it more frequently after every laundry process to achieve that feel. This repeated the application of softener causes a negative impact on the fabric performances. This research result provides an evidence for the changes in physiological comfort aspects of textiles. Originality/value This analysis enlightens the negative impact of the repeated use of commercial fabric softener and their types on the common fabrics used in apparel endues.
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Murarova, A., and M. Jambrich. "Physiological properties of textile fabrics made of polypropylene fibres." Fibre Chemistry 28, no. 3 (1996): 167–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01053562.
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Zhang, Xiao Xia, Wei Chen, Yu Qing Liu, and Guo He Wang. "Cognitive Evaluation of Silk Fabrics Based on Physiological Signal." Advanced Materials Research 796 (September 2013): 205–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.796.205.
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The most important situation of textile companies is to design products which much more meeting the consumers feeling. In this paper, 4 kinds of silk fabrics were taken as the objects, 4 physiological targets were used such as electromyography (EMG), skin resistance (SC), skin temperature (ST), and respiration (Resp) from tactile and visual cognition. The aim of this research is to find out the physiological evidence of consumers in tactile and visual for textile. As the result shown that, accompanied by touch and watch, skin resistance and electromyography have obvious regularity undulation, and there were large discrepancy in each objects, however, skin temperature and respiration had little correlation. In a word, physiological indicators can be used as silk fabrics cognitive quantitative evaluation basis in tactile and visual more intuitively and conveniently.
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MUSADDAQ, AZEEM, HES LUBOS, WIENER JAKUB, NOMAN MUHAMMAD TAYYAB, ALI AZAM, and MANSOOR TARIQ. "Comfort properties of nano-filament polyester fabrics: thermo-physiological evaluation." Industria Textila 69, no. 04 (September 1, 2018): 315–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.35530/it.069.04.1529.
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Comfort along with the aesthetic properties of textile clothing in activewear and sportswear are utmost worthwhile for costumer demand as latest trends. Different types of fibers and yarns are being used to improve the moisture management and comfort of the fabric for next to skin. Nowadays, multifilaments or nano-filaments of polyester with diameters in the range of a few nanometers and lengths up to kilometers are used in different range of important technological applications such as functional fabrics, biomedicine, composite, etc. Multifilament polyester yarns are made by aggregating many continuous filaments together characterized by their high tenacity and large surface area per unit mass. The nano-filament yarn has also significant effects on thermal comfort properties as a nano-filament fabric has less thermal conductivity than cotton fabric, but equal to multichannel polyester fabric while nano-filament fabrics gave the cool feelings with higher thermal absorptivity. Moreover,coolmax fabric showed the higher value of thermal resistance as compared to nano-filament fabrics. Nano-filament fabrics exhibited higher value of watervaporpermeability than cotton fabric.
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Geraldes, Maria José, C. Monteiro, and Lubos Hes. "Study and Interpretation of the Mass Transfer Phenomena through Textile Structures in the Wet State." Defect and Diffusion Forum 326-328 (April 2012): 205–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ddf.326-328.205.
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In last decades, increased attention is paid to comfort properties of textiles and garments. The most important parameters characterizing the called physiological comfort of textile structures are the evaporative resistance and water vapour permeability. Contrary to common textiles, protective and functional garments and, also some technical textiles, are also used in wet state, which affect their comfort properties. In this paper, PERMETEST commercial instrument is described, which provide reliable non-destructive measurement of evaporative resistance and water vapour permeability of fabrics in dry and wet state. By means of this instrument, evaporative resistance and water vapour permeability of cotton, polyester and cotton/polyester knitting fabrics, in the wet state, were experimentally determined and results were discussed. The effect of count yarn and composition of the above mentioned properties of these fabrics has been investigated as well. Some surprising results were achieved: with increasing fabrics moisture, the water vapour permeability also increases, especially with the presence of hydrophilic textile material.
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SALISTEAN, Adrian, Carmen MIHAI, Irina CRISTIAN, Daniela FARIMA, and Cristina PIROI. "FABRIC FOR SINGLE SKIN TEXTILE WING." TEXTEH Proceedings 2019 (November 5, 2019): 220–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.35530/tt.2019.09.
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The fabrics used to make parachutes and paragliders must have the several specific characteristics: the mass of fabric per unit of surface must be low while the other physical- mechanical characteristics (the axial breaking strength load, the relative and absolute elongation, the tear resistance of the fabric and the assemblies, air permeability) must be at a maximum. The paper deals with the analysis of qualitative aspects of several parachute fabrics that are used as a baseline in the development of a novel fabric. The results of experiments have materialized in statistical data, diagrams and graphs and their interpretation leads to the determination of the fabric variant that best meets the requirements of the destination. The destination is a patent pending inflatable wing design that utilizes a single skin construction and solid reinforcements in the sewing for shape stability. It is worth noting that the experimental results were compared with values indicated in specific international testing norms.
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SĂLIȘTEAN, ADRIAN, and CARMEN MIHAI. "Textile wing fabric for emergency response UAS." Industria Textila 71, no. 04 (August 31, 2020): 321–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.35530/it.071.04.1762.
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The fabrics used to manufacture parachutes and paragliders must have several specific characteristics: the mass of fabric per unit of surface must be low while the other physical-mechanical characteristics (the axial breaking strength load, the relative and absolute elongation, the tear resistance of the fabric and the assemblies, air permeability) must have high values. The paper deals with the analysis of qualitative aspects of several parachute fabrics that are used as a baseline in the development of a novel fabric. The results of experiments have materialized in statistical data, diagrams and graphs and their interpretation leads to the determination of the fabric variant that best meets the requirements of the destination. The destination is a patent pending inflatable wing design that utilizes a single skin construction and solid reinforcements in the sewing for shape stability. It is worth noting that the experimental results were compared with values indicated in specific international testing norms.
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Matusiak, Małgorzata. "Moisture Management Properties of Seersucker Woven Fabrics of Different Structure." Fibres and Textiles in Eastern Europe 27, no. 3(135) (June 30, 2019): 43–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0013.0741.
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Moisture management is defined as the controlled movement of water vapour and liquid water (perspiration) from the surface of the skin to the atmosphere through the fabric. The ability of moisture transport is a very important feature of textile materials from the point of view of the physiological comfort of usage clothing made of these materials. Among the different textile materials (woven, knitted and nonwoven), seersucker woven fabric is considered as having good comfort-related properties. The fabrics are characterised by the occurrence of puckered and flat strips in the warp direction. The puckered effect generates air spaces between the body and the fabric, keeping the wearer cool in hot conditions as the puckered area holds the fabric away from the skin during usage. In the work presented, seersucker woven fabrics of different patterns of the puckered strips were investigated. The aim of the work was to analyse the relationship between the structure of seersucker fabrics and their moisture management properties. Measurement of the moisture transport properties of seersucker woven fabrics was made using a Moisture Management Tester M290, produced by SDL Atlas. Investigations performed showed that the properties of seersucker woven fabrics characterising their ability to transfer liquid moisture are different depending on the variant of the repeat of puckered strips.
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Angelucci, Alessandra, Matteo Cavicchioli, Ilaria A. Cintorrino, Giuseppe Lauricella, Chiara Rossi, Sara Strati, and Andrea Aliverti. "Smart Textiles and Sensorized Garments for Physiological Monitoring: A Review of Available Solutions and Techniques." Sensors 21, no. 3 (January 26, 2021): 814. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21030814.
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Several wearable devices for physiological and activity monitoring are found on the market, but most of them only allow spot measurements. However, the continuous detection of physiological parameters without any constriction in time or space would be useful in several fields such as healthcare, fitness, and work. This can be achieved with the application of textile technologies for sensorized garments, where the sensors are completely embedded in the fabric. The complete integration of sensors in the fabric leads to several manufacturing techniques that allow dealing with both the technological challenges entailed by the physiological parameters under investigation, and the basic requirements of a garment such as perspiration, washability, and comfort. This review is intended to provide a detailed description of the textile technologies in terms of materials and manufacturing processes employed in the production of sensorized fabrics. The focus is pointed at the technical challenges and the advanced solutions introduced with respect to conventional sensors for recording different physiological parameters, and some interesting textile implementations for the acquisition of biopotentials, respiratory parameters, temperature and sweat are proposed. In the last section, an overview of the main garments on the market is depicted, also exploring some relevant projects under development.
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Mandal, Sumit, Nur-Us-Shafa Mazumder, Robert J. Agnew, Indu Bala Grover, Guowen Song, and Rui Li. "Using Artificial Neural Network Modeling to Analyze the Thermal Protective and Thermo-Physiological Comfort Performance of Textile Fabrics Used in Oilfield Workers’ Clothing." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 13 (June 30, 2021): 6991. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18136991.
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Most of the fatalities and injuries of oilfield workers result from inadequate protection and comfort by their clothing under various work hazards and ambient environments. Both the thermal protective performance and thermo-physiological comfort performance of textile fabrics used in clothing significantly contribute to the mitigation of workers’ skin burns and heat-stress-related deaths. This study aimed to apply the ANN modeling approach to analyze clothing performance considering the wearers’ sweat moisture and the microclimate air gap that is generated in between their body and clothing. Firstly, thermal protective and thermo-physiological comfort performance of fire protective textiles used in oilfield workers’ clothing were characterized. Different fabric properties (e.g., thickness, weight, fabric count), thermal protective performance, and thermo-physiological comfort performance were measured. The key fabric property that affects thermal protective and thermo-physiological performance was identified as thickness by statistical analysis. The ANN modeling approach could be successfully implemented to analyze the performance of fabrics in order to predict the performance more conveniently based on the fabric properties. It is expected that the developed models could inform on-duty oilfield workers about protective and thermo-physiological comfort performance and provide them with occupational health and safety.
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Mandal, Sumit, Nur-Us-Shafa Mazumder, Robert J. Agnew, Guowen Song, and Rui Li. "Characterization and Modeling of Thermal Protective and Thermo-Physiological Comfort Performance of Polymeric Textile Materials—A Review." Materials 14, no. 9 (May 5, 2021): 2397. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14092397.
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In 2017, more than 60,000 firefighters and oilfield-workers injuries and fatalities occurred while they were working under various thermal hazards such as flame, radiant heat, steam, etc., or due to their significant heat stress related discomfort. The majority of these burn injuries and fatalities results from an inadequate protection and comfort provided by firefighters’ and oilfield-workers’ fire protective polymeric textile materials used in their workwear. Hence, both the thermal protective and thermo-physiological comfort performance of fabrics used in workwear significantly contribute to limit firefighters’ and oilfield-workers’ skin burns and heat stress. Considering this, previous studies have focused on characterizing and developing empirical models to predict the protective and comfort performance based on physical properties of the fabrics. However, there are still some technical knowledge gaps in the existing literature related to this. This paper critically reviewed the literature on characterization and modeling of thermal protective and thermo-physiological comfort performance of fire protective textile fabric materials. The key issues in this field have been indicated in order to provide direction for the future research and advance this scientific field for better protection and comfort of the firefighters and oilfield-workers.
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Sevost’yanov, P. A., and T. A. Samoilova. "Model and Energy Aspects for Propagation of Strain and Mechanical Stresses in Textile Fabrics." Fibre Chemistry 50, no. 2 (July 2018): 108–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10692-018-9942-y.
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Terliksiz, Sena, Fatma Kalaoğlu, and Selin Hanife Eryürük. "Analysis of thermal comfort properties of jacquard knitted mattress ticking fabrics." International Journal of Clothing Science and Technology 28, no. 1 (March 7, 2016): 105–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijcst-02-2015-0028.
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Purpose – Sleep is a vital and a basic activity of human life and it is a physiological need for human body. Sleep quality is directly influenced by the comfort conditions of sleep environment. The purpose of this paper is to define the role of textile materials utilized as bed fabrics on air and mass transfer from the human body. Design/methodology/approach – Thermal conductivity, thermal resistance, thickness, water vapour permeability and air permeability properties of fabrics were analyzed and statistically evaluated. Thermal conductivity and resistance measurements were performed in Alambeta test instrument. Water vapour permeability tests were done according to the Rotating Platform method, and air permeability was measured in FX 3300 Textest air permeability tester. Relationships between comfort parameters were statistically evaluated with correlation analysis. Findings – Comfort is a major concept in the determination of overall life quality as well as sleep quality of a resting person. Therefore academic studies about thermal comfort prediction of sleep environment and bed surface fabrics are of great importance. This study investigates conventional mattress ticking fabrics in terms of comfort parameters and defines the important fabric properties on comfort parameters. Originality/value – Sleep comfort is a promising area in textile comfort studies with its dynamics different from body thermal comfort during daily life. However, in general comfort studies are about garment materials which are in direct contact with the skin. This study tries to define the comfort status of textile materials which have indirect contact with the human body surface during sleep duration.
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Hasani, Hossein, Sanaz Hassanzadeh, Mohammad Javad Abghary, and Elahe Omrani. "Biaxial weft-knitted fabrics as composite reinforcements: A review." Journal of Industrial Textiles 46, no. 7 (July 28, 2016): 1439–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1528083715624256.
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Textile products are considered as an acceptable alternative for commonly used composite reinforcement due to their lightweight as well as relatively high specific strength and stiffness. Among the variety of textile structures which could be employed in composite manufacturing, the role of weft-knitted fabrics is almost very limited. This is because employing the weft-knitting technology would provide such structures with inferior mechanical properties due to their highly looped construction as well as low fiber volume fraction. But on other hand, it is important to be noted that some advantages such as high energy absorption, good impact resistance, and formability of knitted structures made the researchers to focus on investigating different methods by which the inferior mechanical properties of ordinary weft-knitted fabrics could be improved. Inserting the reinforcing yarns through the warp and weft direction of the knitted fabrics is considered as one of the effective solution for improving their mechanical behavior which eventually leads to a high potential product called as biaxial weft-knitted fabrics. In this literature, it is aimed to review different aspects of novel designed biaxial weft-knitted fabrics which could be suitable for a broad area of technical application such as composite reinforcements.
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Baysal, Gülçin, Fatma Neşe Kök, Levent Trabzon, Huseyin Kizil, İkilem Gocek, and Burçak Karagüzel Kayaoğlu. "Microfluidic Nonwoven-Based Device as a Potential Biosensor for Sweat Analysis." Applied Mechanics and Materials 490-491 (January 2014): 274–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.490-491.274.
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Monitoring body fluids such as sweat composition can provide useful information about the physiological status. Physiological monitoring of body fluids such as sweat with a textile-based system has the advantage of being non-invasive and easily accessible and such monitoring is beneficial to indicate information about body's physiological status. In the present study, it is aimed to design a textile-based system with non-invasive methods which can be used to monitor a sportsman's performance. A novel, disposable and wearable biochemical analytical device was designed and fabricated by patterning micro channels and reservoirs using SU-8 photoresist through photolithography technique on an absorbant bicomponent Evolon® nonwoven substrate. It was obtained that hydrophilic reservoirs were well defined and demarcated by hydrophobic barriers. Therefore, no liquid leakage was observed around the reservoirs which was crucial for achieving a proper enzyme immobilization and the successful detection of the color change after the simulated sweat was deposited on the hydrophilic reservoir areas. Analyte optimization studies revealed that color change became more evident with the increasing analyte concentration until 20 mM and started to decrease with further increase due to analyte inhibition. Also, on textile fabrics, color densities started to decrease after 40 mM analyte concentration.
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Wood, Jane. "Bioinspiration in Fashion—A Review." Biomimetics 4, no. 1 (February 12, 2019): 16. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biomimetics4010016.
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This paper provides an overview of the main technologies currently being investigated in the textile industry as alternatives to contemporary fashion fabrics. The present status of the textile industry and its impact on the environment is discussed, and the key drivers for change are highlighted. Historical use of bioinspiration in synthetic textiles is evaluated, with the impact of these developments on the fashion and apparel industries described. The review then discusses the move to nature as a supplier of new fabric sources with several alternatives explored, drawing special attention to the sustainability and performance aspects of these new sources.
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Sockalingam, Subramani, Sanjib C. Chowdhury, John W. Gillespie, and Michael Keefe. "Recent advances in modeling and experiments of Kevlar ballistic fibrils, fibers, yarns and flexible woven textile fabrics – a review." Textile Research Journal 87, no. 8 (May 2, 2016): 984–1010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0040517516646039.
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Ballistic impact onto flexible woven textile fabrics is a complicated multi-scale problem given the structural hierarchy of the materials, anisotropic material behavior, projectile geometry–fabric interactions, impact velocity and boundary conditions. Although this subject has been an active area of research for decades, the fundamental mechanisms, such as material failure, dynamic response and multi-axial loading occurring at the lower length scales during impact, are not well understood. This paper reviews the recent advances in modeling and experiments of Kevlar ballistic fibrils, fibers, yarns and flexible woven textile fabrics pertinent to the deformation modes occurring during impact and serves to identify topics worthy of further investigation that will advance the basic understanding of the phenomena governing transverse impact. This review also explores aspects such as homogeneous versus heterogeneous behavior of yarns consisting of individual fibers and the inelastic transverse behavior of the fiber, which is not considered in the previous review papers on this topic.
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Sirková, Brigita Kolčavová, and Eva Moučková. "Analysis Possibilities of Controlled Transport of Moisture in Woven Fabrics." Autex Research Journal 18, no. 4 (December 1, 2018): 385–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/aut-2018-0008.
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Abstract The article is focused on testing of selected properties of linear and planar textiles from modified cotton yarns. In this article, the influence of woven fabric construction on wettability and possibilities of detection of moisture in the woven fabric is analyzed. Improving the physiological and hygienic properties for woven fabrics can be achieved with a specially designed textile structure in combination with a permanent surface finish of sub-set of yarns. Inserting of hydrophilic and hydrophobic set of threads in the woven structure makes possible controlled water transport. Controlled transport of water ensures good clothing comfort. Using such woven fabric, accumulation of water on the skin does not occur during the process of thermoregulation of the human body. The properties and behavior of the designed fabric will be determined by surface finishing of the warp and weft yarns (sub-set of yarns), which are supporting elements of the fabric.
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Thomas, Nicholas. "‘Specimens of Bark Cloth, 1769’: the travels of textiles collected on Cook’s first voyage." Journal of the History of Collections 31, no. 2 (June 19, 2018): 209–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jhc/fhy009.
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Abstract The voyages of Captain James Cook (1728–1779) inaugurated, among manifold historical processes, an encounter of textile traditions. Pacific Islanders were keenly interested in European fabrics; Europeans were fascinated by Oceanic textiles such as beaten bark cloth, which was extensively collected from Cook’s first voyage onwards. Among manifestations of European interest, bark cloth sample books such as those produced as multiples by Alexander Shaw in 1787 have been a focus of research and curatorial activity in recent years. This essay considers a recently-identified book of specimens which pre-dates Shaw’s by some fifteen years. It exemplifies a brief but seemingly intense European interest in Polynesian bark cloth, embracing the fabrics’ technical, material, aesthetic, social and ritual aspects.
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Martí, Meritxell, Jaime Gisbert-Paya, Mª Ángeles Bonet-Aracil, Petar Jovančić, Manuel J. Lis, and Luisa Coderch. "Increased Comfort of Polyester Fabrics." Polymers 13, no. 17 (September 6, 2021): 3010. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym13173010.
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The hydrophilicity of fibers is directly related to the comfort of a fabric and represents one of the most important aspects of a textile. Therefore, polyester (PES) modification has focused on an increase in moisture content and a subsequent improvement of the user’s experience. Based on the glycerol hygroscopic properties, the main objective has been the enhancement of the hydrophilicity of polyester by glycerol treatments. Furthermore, microwave irradiation and alkaline treatment have been applied, in order to increase glycerol adhesion. Treated PES samples were characterized by performing moisture content, negative ion, water diffusion and water vapor resistance analyses. The effect of different treatment conditions such as bath ratio (1/10 or 1/15), temperature (40, 60 or 100 °C), time (2 or 5 min) and microwave radiation intensity (300 or 500 W) was evaluated. The moisture content of treated PES results indicated that by decreasing the bath ratio and increasing the time and temperature the moisture gain can reach almost 14%, which can be easily related to increases in the weight of the fiber. The treatment with alkali was done and led to the highest moisture increase. Treatment with 500 W microwave irradiation led to higher glycerol retention after rinsing. Different experimental conditions were applied to the glycerol-treated PES fabrics, and a clear improvement in moisture content was obtained increasing the comfort. The results were compared with the ones obtained for cotton and wool, where the moisture is higher than non treated PES.
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Novakovic, Milada, Lana Putic, Matejka Bizjak, and Snezana Stankovic. "Moisture management properties of plain knitted fabrics made of natural and regenerated cellulose fibres." Chemical Industry 69, no. 2 (2015): 193–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/hemind140201034n.
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Moisture management is a complicated process which is known to be influenced by a variety of fabric characteristics such as fibre nature (hydrophilic or hydrophobic), porosity and thickness. There are different aspects of the moisture management properties of textile materials since water transport in textile materials can be in the form of liquid and vapour. The ability of textile materials to transfer water vapour allows the human body to keep thermal balance due to evaporation. With stronger physical activity of a person when the body produces a large amount of heat, the skin perspiration increases (in order to regulate the body temperature) and liquid sweat should be taken from the skin, otherwise it will worsen the sense of comfort. The aim of this research was to investigate the factors influencing moisture management properties of plain knitted fabrics at the three scale levels, i.e. microscopic (fibre type), mesoscopic (yarn geometry) and macroscopic (fabric porosity) levels. Plain knitted fabrics were produced from the two-assembled hemp, cotton and viscose yarns under controlled conditions so as to be comparable in basic construction characteristics, but varying in yarns geometry. Evaporative resistance test reflecting vapour transport and water distribution test reflecting liquid transport in the knitted fabrics were conducted. To determine the statistical importance of the results, analysis of variance (ANOVA) was applied. As a consequence of the geometry and deformation behaviour of the fibres used and spinning techniques applied, the yarns differed in both packing density and surface geometry, thus determining the pore distribution. Due to loose structure of the cotton yarn, the cotton knitted fabric was characterised by the lowest free open surface (macroporosity) exhibiting the lowest both water vapour and liquid permeability. Although having the highest macroporosity, the water vapour and liquid transport capability of the hemp knitted fabric was lower than that of the viscose knit. The best moisture management properties of the viscose knitted fabric were resulted from viscose affinity for water absorption and increased surface area of the viscose yarn. The results obtained proved that variations in any of the hierarchical structure levels can modify moisture transport ability of textile fabrics. Therefore, the moisture management properties of textile materials can be guided in a desired direction by the appropriate selection of fibres and careful design of yarn structure.
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Lund, Anja, Yunyun Wu, Benji Fenech-Salerno, Felice Torrisi, Tricia Breen Carmichael, and Christian Müller. "Conducting materials as building blocks for electronic textiles." MRS Bulletin 46, no. 6 (June 2021): 491–501. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/s43577-021-00117-0.
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Abstract To realize the full gamut of functions that are envisaged for electronic textiles (e-textiles) a range of semiconducting, conducting and electrochemically active materials are needed. This article will discuss how metals, conducting polymers, carbon nanotubes, and two-dimensional (2D) materials, including graphene and MXenes, can be used in concert to create e-textile materials, from fibers and yarns to patterned fabrics. Many of the most promising architectures utilize several classes of materials (e.g., elastic fibers composed of a conducting material and a stretchable polymer, or textile devices constructed with conducting polymers or 2D materials and metal electrodes). While an increasing number of materials and devices display a promising degree of wash and wear resistance, sustainability aspects of e-textiles will require greater attention. Graphical abstract
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Lavanya S. "Clothing Comfort- Physiological Status and Psychological Status." International Journal for Modern Trends in Science and Technology 06, no. 9S (October 12, 2020): 61–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.46501/ijmtst0609s10.
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The primary need of people to dress has changed as time passed, because different high-tech fibers, yarns, fabrics, finishing applications, trends and society influences have completely changed. Welfare and comfort properties have become decisive components to make a product appreciated and successful. This paper presents the detailed explanation of clothing comfort, its subgroups and also the Physiological status and psychological status of the people. Clothing also known as clothes, apparel and attire is items worn on the body. Clothing is typically made of fabrics or textiles but over time has included garments made from animal skin or other thin layers of materials put together. The wearing of comfort clothing is mostly restricted to human beings and is a feature of all human societies. Comfort or being comfortable is a sense of physical or psychological ease, often characterized as a lack of hardship. Persons who are lacking in comfort are uncomfortable, or experiencing discomfort. A degree of psychological comfort can be achieved by recreating experiences that are associated with pleasant. Persons who are surrounded with things that provide psychological comfort may be described as being "in their comfort zone". Because of the personal nature of positive associations, psychological comfort is highly subjective. As the year goes the word comfort is been used in all areas such as food, work, people and clothing. Thermal comfort is the condition of mind that expresses satisfaction with the thermal environment and is assessed by subjective evaluation. The human body will release excess heat into the environment, so the body can continue to operate. The heat transfer is proportional to temperature difference. Maintaining this standard of thermal comfort for occupants is one of the important goals of HVAC (heating, ventilation, and air conditioning) design engineers. And in designing of clothes is the most important goal of a fashion designer. There are six primary factors that directly affect thermal comfort that can be grouped in two categories: personal factors - because they are characteristics of the occupants - and environmental factors - which are conditions of the thermal environment. The former are metabolic rate and clothing level, the latter are air temperature, mean radiant temperature, air speed and humidity. Even if all these factors may vary with time, standards usually refer to a steady state to study thermal comfort, just allowing limited temperature variations. The study was conducted to know the responses about comfort clothing in Physiological status and psychological status acceptance. Since there are large variations from person to person in terms of physiological and psychological satisfaction, it is hard to find an optimal temperature for everyone in a ABSTRACT 62 International Journal for Modern Trends in Science and Technology given space. Survey is been collected to define conditions that will be found comfortable for a specified percentage of occupants, being comfortable is a sense of physical or psychological factors. Understanding clothing comfort, Need and consumer trends basic and universal need of consumers in clothing is comfort and they look for good feel and comfort when they buy clothing and other textile materials. Clothing is very important in our life that we use every day to obtain physiological and psychological comfort and also to ensure physical conditions around our body suitable for survival. Therefore, it is extremely important for the survival of human beings and improvement of the quality of our life to have good understanding of the fundamentals of clothing comfort. From the viewpoint of the manufacturers of clothing and textile materials, understanding of clothing comfort has substantial financial implications in the effort to satisfy the needs and wants of consumers in order to obtain sustainable competitive advantages in modern consumer markets. Consumer always expects some additional functional qualities from the clothes they purchase. Clothing is manufactured in a wide range of thermal, tactile and physical properties to meet consumer needs. Depending on the nee. and expectations of the consumer's, the clothing and textile manufacturers provide wide range of options to enhance human comfort. For example, clothing made from blends and natural fibres are preferred to man-made fibres for all comfort attributes except smoothness or woven fabric are preferred to knits for smoothness, thickness and openness. To understand the basics of clothing comfort, sensory tools as well as the equipment’s to evaluate the comfort related characteristics of textile materials have been developed. Large number of studies has been carried out and many equipment are developed in the textile and clothing area such as mechanical, thermal and surface testing, so as to evaluate the related physical properties, but the body between measurement and the consumer feeling of comfort are still difficult to establish. Consumers want everything from the clothing, i.e. it should look good, feel good, perform well, said like their clothing to match with their chosen attitudes, roles and images. Consumers are now allowing touch, smell, intuition, and emotion to influence their decision on clothing selection more than their aesthetic sense. Asa result, great importance is being attributed to the wearing experience and thus comfort is being reinforced as a key parameter in clothing. It is also true that requirements of consumers on comfort changes with products and situations. Clearly, understanding and satisfying the needs of consumer towards clothing products are crucial for the long-term survival and growth of clothing and textile demand. Understanding and enhancement of clothing comfort is definitely one of the important issues.
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Rajan, T. Palani, and S. Sundaresan. "Thermal comfort properties of plasma-treated warp-knitted spacer fabric for the shoe insole." Journal of Industrial Textiles 49, no. 9 (November 4, 2018): 1218–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1528083718811084.
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Thermo-physiological comfort properties are crucial aspects of interlining material comfort for shoe insole which can be examined for permeability and conductivity. Air and water vapour permeability, conductivity and resistance of thermal are the main criteria for thermo-physiological comfort properties. Clothing comfort can be enhanced through special finishes including plasma which is one among the well known for surface modification. Oxygen and argon atmospheric plasma were used to analyse the comfort properties of polyester warp-knitted spacer fabric based on the fabric thickness and gas processing time. The outcomes exposed a notable influence in the comfort properties of polyester spacer fabrics after the atmospheric plasma processing time. The results too pointed out that the water vapour permeability and thermal resistance increased, although the air permeability and thermal conductivity decreased with the atmospheric plasma processing. When considering all the values of plasma-treated spacer fabrics, the 3 mm thickness of polyester spacer fabric proved to have better response and comfort properties than the 2 and 4 mm spacer fabrics. The findings show that final comfort properties of polyester warp-knitted spacer fabrics can be improved by using plasma treatments, and argon plasma treatment is the best method when compared to the oxygen plasma treatment.
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Cheung, Tin Wai, Xue Luo, and Li Li. "Functional design of traditional hollow fibers: opening up a second life of being a medical drug delivery carrier." Textile Research Journal 88, no. 21 (July 28, 2017): 2425–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0040517517723023.
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Fiber technology has stepped into an essential position in the textile industry. It is forecasted that smart textiles will keep on developing constantly and vigorously. Having a convenient drug delivery system for treating various illnesses and bacterial infections is always in demand. Hollow fibers, which consist of a hollow structure and exceptional characteristics, such as high loading capacity and high surface reactivity, have been considerably used in medical equipment. A pilot study was performed in this paper for opening up environmentally friendly, convenient and repeatable drug delivery functions of industrial, ready-made hollow fibers for sustainable development in various aspects. The hollow fiber drug delivery system of this project is believed to tackle the challenges observed from the traditional drug delivery system, which include the following: (1) replacement of one-time delivery by repeatable drug loading and releasing; (2) loading complex drugs, such as in Chinese medicine; (3) using common materials available in the current textile market. Nylon 6 hollow fiber was the main subject of the pilot study. Its drug loading capability was investigated with the application of woven fabrics via the process of simple and direct drug loading under negative pressure (i.e. vacuum). The antibacterial performance of the drug-loaded fabrics and the drug release kinetics of the hollow fibers were examined.
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VISILEANU, Emilia, Alexandra ENE, Alina Popescu, Razvan SCARLAT, Dana STEFANESCU, Iulian MANCASI, Irina Mariana SANDULACHE, and Silvia ALBICI. "INFLUENCE ON THE UPF LEVEL OF THE CONTENT AND TYPE OF NANOCERAMICS USED IN THE TEXTILE TREATMENT." TEXTEH Proceedings 2019 (November 5, 2019): 187–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.35530/tt.2019.41.
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The main goal of the study was to develop new innovative aspects such as a new approach to produce comfortable UV shielding fabrics with UPF > +50 by engineering innovative structured textiles surfaces, combining natural selected dyes and modified nanoclays leading to high UV rays reflection and increased use of renewable resources (natural dyes) and safe natural minerals (clays) with high impact on human health and environment (avoidance of the substances excluded by eco- labels and the REACH SVHC candidate list) were envisaged. The paper present the level of UPF obtained by using different textile materials treated with NanomerR I.31PS, Nanomer clay and NanomerR I.28 E, Nanomer clay.
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Arbataitis, Edgaras, Daiva Mikucioniene, and Liudmyla Halavska. "Flexible Theoretical Calculation of Loop Length and Area Density of Weft-Knitted Structures: Part I." Materials 14, no. 11 (June 3, 2021): 3059. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14113059.
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This work presents a simple and flexible method for theoretical calculation of the main structural parameter of weft-knitted fabrics’—the loop length and one of the main characteristics of textile fabrics—area density, which combines physical and economical aspects. It helps to predict many physical properties and the mechanical behaviour, which is especially important for protective textiles, and allows predicting potential yarn consumption for knitting of one square meter of the fabric. The main idea of the proposed method, based on Čiukas geometrical model, is to calculate different parts of the knitted loop separately, which gives a great flexibility of such modelling. The proposed theoretical formulas can be used for various weft-knitted structures, give very low errors to empirical calculations, and are easy to use. It is a big advantage because known geometric models only allow a loop length of some particular pattern to be calculated, usually of single jersey or rib 1 × 1.
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Xu, Guo Sheng. "Fabric Defect Automated Detection Technology." Applied Mechanics and Materials 325-326 (June 2013): 1431–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.325-326.1431.
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To solve the problem of automated defect detection for textile fabrics, this paper proposed a method for fabric defect detection which is based on computer vision. After the operations in many aspects of basis image processing, such as gray-scale, denoising, contour detection and morphological, and it can transmit the fabric defect image information to host-computer with the USB interface in time. In order to acquire high processing speed, the captured images from each camera are sent into one dedicate computer for distributed and parallel image processing. The experimental result confirms that the proposed method can is feasible in rapid defect detection, and has a broad market prospect.
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AILENI, RALUCA MARIA, Laura Chiriac, and Doina Toma. "Statistical analysis of the 3D electroconductive composites based on copper and graphene." Industria Textila 72, no. 02 (April 22, 2021): 149–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.35530/it.072.02.20207.
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This paper presents several aspects of the multivariate analysis of electroconductive composite based on Copper (Cu) and Graphene. The analysis was developed by using the parameters (dependent and independent variables), which characterize the composite materials with electroconductive properties. The experimental samples were obtained by using 100% cotton fabrics with different structures. The goals followed through the variation of the fabric structures (e.g., plain weave, twill, panama, ribs) were to investigate if the fabric structure or ratio has or not influence on electroconductive properties of the textile materials obtained by conductive coating. The samples created were based on standard, and 3D digital printing technologies, more specifically on the textile surface, have deposited conductive paste containing copper microparticles and graphene filaments. The initial coating with conductive polymeric paste based Cu was developed by scraping of the paste on the fabric. Previously the 3D printing advanced technology by fused deposition modeling (FDM) of the Conductive Graphene filaments was used
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Gidik, Hayriye, Oly Vololonirina, Rita Maria Ghantous, and Andreas Ankou. "Impact of test parameters on the water vapor permeability of textiles." International Journal of Clothing Science and Technology 31, no. 3 (June 3, 2019): 350–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijcst-02-2018-0018.
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PurposeUnlike other materials, textiles associate with aesthetic and mechanical properties such as flexibility and removability that allow them to be deployed or folded as required and which make them good candidates for clothing and furnishing but also, eventually, for other applications such as building. Actually, the clothing should ensure appropriate heat and mass transfers between the human body and its environment in order to maintain the thermo-physiological comfort. For that, it is important to determine water vapor permeability (WVP) of textile. Several normalized procedures with variants depending on the nature of the tested material exist to measure the WVP. One of the methods used is the “dish method” described by the British Standard (BS 7209). The purpose of this paper is to determine the influence of the test parameters on the WVP measurements.Design/methodology/approachConsequently, WVP of different textiles was measured while varying several parameters like: nature of fabrics, air layer thickness, vapor pressure gradient and air velocity.FindingsA decrease in the WVP values was observed with an increase in the air layer thickness and the number of textile layers. On the other side, an increase in the water pressure gradient induces an increase in the WVP value. Finally, it was also observed that air velocity has an impact on the WVP measurements.Originality/valueIn addition to intrinsic properties of fabrics, i.e., nature of fiber, woven structure, the influence of the several extrinsic properties, i.e., the influence of the air layer thickness, the number of textile layers, the vapor pressure gradient and the air velocity, on the WVP were investigated. Some researchers have already investigated the impact of these parameters on the WVP measurement separately. However, this study presents a difference from other studies that it takes into account the influence of the both intrinsic and extrinsic properties on WVP. In addition to these, this work combine several extrinsic properties which are presented separately during other studies. The first time, in this study the influence of the air velocity on WVP was investigated. Results on both hydrophilic and hydrophobic fabrics showed a great variation in the results when varying the location of the cups inside the climatic chamber. This is the reason why future studies look at studying more deeply the effect of air velocity on the WVP properties on different types of fabrics by connecting WVP values with air velocity values. It is also planned to make tests with the rotation device and by fixing the value of the temperature and RH. The objective will be to obtain reliable values that do not take into account the effect of air velocity.
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Sun, Yi, Yawen Shao, Dongming Zheng, Gui Liu, Xingxing Pan, and Zhaoqun Du. "Measuring and multilevel fuzzy comprehensive predicting comfort parameters of soft materials by a new handle evaluation system." Textile Research Journal 90, no. 23-24 (June 9, 2020): 2727–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0040517520928792.
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In this paper, a multilevel fuzzy comprehensive evaluation (FCE) model consisting of tactile comfort and four primary handle characteristics (FPHCs) is developed. The physiological perceptions of 30 home textile fabrics were predicted, to verify the practicability of the FCE model and the reliability of the objective measurement based on the self-developed Quick-Intelligent Handle Evaluation System (QIHES). Moreover, comparisons between the FCE model and subjective evaluation of the FPHCs and total handle value (THV) were investigated. The results showed that the values of the coefficients of determination ( R2) and the slopes of linear correlation functions were approximate to 1, which revealed that the results of the FCE model and subjective evaluation were highly consistent, and the FCE model established was accurate. In addition, the performance of the soft fabrics depends on the combined effect of the properties of three directions. It has been confirmed that the fullness, stiffness and roughness are important factors that affect THV together. Thus, the FCE method based on the QIHES measurement was demonstrated to be effective and reliable, could be applied for assessing tactile comfort and estimating human feel when touching textiles and soft materials.
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Erdumlu, Nazan, and Canan Saricam. "Investigating the effect of some fabric parameters on the thermal comfort properties of flat knitted acrylic fabrics for winter wear." Textile Research Journal 87, no. 11 (June 17, 2016): 1349–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0040517516652347.
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In this paper, the thermal comfort properties of flat knitted acrylic fabrics differing in terms of knit structure, tightness, thickness and porosity were investigated within the perspective of its usage in winter wear products. Measured and calculated using the data from Permetest and Alambeta devices, the thermal comfort properties were handled in three aspects, namely thermoregulation characteristics, breathability and thermo-physiological characteristics, and their relationship with fabric structural parameters were investigated statistically. The results indicated that rib 2 × 2 structures provide the optimum condition in terms of thermoregulation, breathability and thermo-physiological comfort, whose thickness and porosity values should be adjusted accordingly, since the thickness improves thermal insulation and porosity improves breathability.
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Arfah, Andriana, Saldy Yusuf, and Yuliana Syam. "The Role of Textiles in Controlling Microclimate to Prevent Pressure Injury." Media Keperawatan Indonesia 3, no. 2 (June 29, 2020): 81. http://dx.doi.org/10.26714/mki.3.2.2020.81-89.
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Pressure injury (PI) is still a problem in health and home care both in developing and developed countries. PI is important to prevent because it has an impact on the physical, psychological, social, and economic aspects of the patient. One of the preventions of pressure injury is to choose the right textile, therefore this literature review aims to identify the right textile and can control microclimate in preventing PI. The Method used by searching the literature of scientific publications in the time of years between 2009-2019 using database Pubmed, Science Direct, Willey Online Library, Cochrane Library dan Google Scholar, there were 2.152 articles. The results of the literature review found six articles that fit the inclusion criteria and related to the use of textiles that can control microclimate in preventing pressure injury including textiles made from synthetic fabrics of silk, polyester, and synthetic fiber. Synthetic fiber textiles are best used as bedding because they control microclimate and reduce friction that can prevent the development of pressure injury.
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Mahar, T. J., and H. Wang. "Measuring fabric handle to define luxury: an overview of handle specification in next-to-skin knitted fabrics from Merino wool." Animal Production Science 50, no. 12 (2010): 1082. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/an10119.
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An examination is presented of the relevance of luxury to the wool textile and garment supply chain. This examination leads to a review of the concept and importance of fabric handle as a means of defining important aspects of fabric quality. Examples are given for woven fabrics of the general relationships between subjectively assessed fabric handle attributes such as fabric softness and smoothness and measured low stress, generally high deformation, fabric properties such as fabric bending rigidity and extensibility. A brief overview is presented of the development of a system for predicting a set of subjectively assessed handle attributes for next-to-skin knitted fabrics from measurable fabric properties. Seven handle attributes selected by experienced assessors as being important for defining tactile sensations associated with next-to-skin knitted fabrics were: fabric smoothness, hairiness, softness, tightness, dryness, warmth and weight. Subjective assessments on a 1–10 scale of these seven attributes, plus an assessment of overall handle, were conducted by 12 experienced assessors on 74 next-to-skin knitted fabrics. The precision of the mean assessment of the 12 assessors ranged between 0.8 and 1.1, indicating that there was sufficient consensus on key fabric handle assessments to justify development of a method for predicting them from measurements of the physical properties of fabrics. All fabrics were tested using the PhabrOmeter fabric evaluation system, which records the force exerted during insertion of a fabric into and through an orifice. Geometric parameters were derived to describe the PhabrOmeter force-displacement curve results, and statistical models were developed to predict the average handle assessments of the 12 assessors. The precision of the models in predicting the handle intensities of eight fabric attributes on an independent validation set of 22 fabrics was significantly better than the precision of an individual assessor (confidence limits = 1.4–2.6 and 2.5–3.8, for predicted and assessed ratings, respectively). A case is made that this technology has the potential to assist in the growth of new markets for Merino wool products.
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TİMOÇİN, Aytül, and Özlem KAYACAN. "FABRIC BASED WEARABLE SENSOR STRUCTURES." TEXTEH Proceedings 2019 (November 5, 2019): 200–203. http://dx.doi.org/10.35530/tt.2019.44.
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Nowadays, the electronics are free of their rigid structures and become flexible. As a result of this structural transformation and minimization of electronic materials, they can be integrated into textiles as wearable devices. The sensors are one of the main structures of personalized wearable monitoring devices and they can be classified into physical, chemical, electrical and biological ones. The wearable electronic sensors are able to monitor majorly biomedical signals and other ambient variants. Gesture, body temperature, respiration, pulse, blood gas etc. are among the measured physiological parameters. The other monitored parameters can be defined as environmental variants such as ambient temperature, humidity, sound, gas etc. Different types of textile based sensors are used in wearable personalized devices using different conductive materials in order to measure the vital parameters. Metal coated fabrics, fibres containing metals or metal based additives, knitted and woven structures produced by using conductive yarns etc. can be used as textile based sensors. These sensor structures can be used in several fields such as medical, sport, artistic communities, military and aerospace. In this paper fabric, based wearable sensor types will be reviewed and a lso it will be focused on the recent advances in the field of these sensors and their usage areas.
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Hu, Jin Lian, Zheng E. Dong, Yan Liu, and Yi Jun Liu. "The Investigation about the Shape Memory Behavior of Wool." Advances in Science and Technology 60 (September 2008): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ast.60.1.
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Shape memory polymers are a promising class of stimuli-responsive materials that have dual-shape capability. This kind of materials can recover their shape in a predefined way from temporary shape to desired permanent shape when exposed to an appropriate stimulus. In the development and extensive application of synthetic shape memory polymers on textile industrials, the thermal and hygrothermal effects of wool materials have attracted considerable attention. In this article the fundamental concept of the shape memory polymers and the fundamental aspects of the shape-memory effect were reviewed. The thermal and hygrothermal effects of wool materials were also summarized to discuss the shape memory behavior of wool materials. Besides the effects of synthetic shape memory polymers on the thermal and hygrothermal of the woven wool fabrics were introduced to show the shape memory behavior of treated wool further.
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Yaman, Necla, Fikri M. Şenol, and Pelin Gurkan. "Applying Artificial Neural Networks to Total Hand Evaluation of Disposable Diapers." Journal of Engineered Fibers and Fabrics 6, no. 1 (March 2011): 155892501100600. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/155892501100600106.
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The objective hand measurement and also handle of the materials used for disposable diapers has been looked into, with consideration given the aspects of both dermatitis and comfort. In this work, we tried to predict the handle of disposable diapers by their physical properties using a back-propagation network and a stepwise regression. Handle properties of diapers were measured by universal test equipment and hand values of the fabrics were determined by a group of panelists consisting of some textile experts. The optimum construction of neural network was investigated through the change of layer and neuron number. The results showed that the back-propagation network could predict the hand values of disposable diapers with a meaningful difference. These disposable diapers were used to show that the results of neural network were in good agreement with subjective test results.
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Pei, Eujin, Jinsong Shen, and Jennifer Watling. "Direct 3D printing of polymers onto textiles: experimental studies and applications." Rapid Prototyping Journal 21, no. 5 (August 17, 2015): 556–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/rpj-09-2014-0126.
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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to investigate the adhesion of polymer materials printed directly onto fabrics using entry-level fused deposition modelling (FDM) machines. A series of functional and decorative parts were designed to explore the limitations and to identify potential applications. Design/methodology/approach – A series of shapes and structures were designed as 3D computer-aided design (CAD) solids to determine whether complex parts could be printed directly onto the surface of fabrics. The structures were fabricated using an entry-level FDM printer with acrylonitrile butadiene styrene, polylactic acid (PLA) and nylon on eight different types of synthetic and man-made woven and knit fabrics. The results were recorded according to four parameters – the warp, bond, print quality and flex – before comparing the data sets. Findings – Among the three polymers, PLA showed the best results when printed on the eight different types of fabrics, having extremely good adhesion with little warp, yet displaying a high quality of print with good flexural strength. For the fabrics, woven cotton, woven polywool and knit soy had excellent adhesion when the three polymers were deposited. Research limitations/implications – Future work should cover a wider range of polymers and textiles and incorporate more functional features for testing. Other aspects include modifying the fibre surface through mechanical or chemical means to achieve a more efficient adhesion with the fibre and examining the deposition process in terms of temperature, pressure and build density. Future work should also investigate the feasibility for large-scale production. Practical implications – This paper supports work on wearable electronics by integrating comfortable textiles with hard wearing parts without compromising on quality and fit and combining additive manufacturing processes with textiles to maintain the drape characteristics of the fabric. Polymer–textile deposition will contribute to new applications and functional products such as orthopaedic braces for medical use or for decorative features such as buttons and trimmings for garments. Originality/value – This paper has contributed to new knowledge by providing a better understanding of polymer materials being printed directly onto fabrics using entry-level FDM machines.
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Bartkowiak, Grażyna, Iwona Frydrych, and Agnieszka Greszta. "Fabric Selection for the Reference Clothing Destined for Ergonomics Test of Protective Clothing: Physiological Comfort Point of View." Autex Research Journal 16, no. 4 (December 1, 2016): 256–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/aut-2016-0037.
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Abstract The currently used methods of ergonomic assessment of protective clothing depend on the subjective feeling of research participants and don’t take into consideration all aspects of its use. Therefore, more amount of work is undertaken toward the development of new research tools for the ergonomic assessment of protective clothing. Research was carried out at the Central Institute for Labour Protection – National Research Institute in Lodz. A new methodology will take into consideration a variant of reference clothing, which is related to the results of ergonomics research of protective clothing. Preparation of the reference clothing initiated by picking the appropriate fabric is based on the results of parameters influencing the physiological comfort and sensorial comfort. In the current part, results of different fabric parameters are presented, which are related to physiological comfort, i.e., the thermal resistance, water vapor resistance, hygroscopicity, and air permeability. In the next part of research, we will focus on the parameters related to objective sensorial feelings, i.e., total hand value and its components. Seven fabrics, including six cotton/polyester fabrics, diverse in terms of constituent fiber content and structure parameters (weave, thread density per 1 dm, thread linear density, mass per square meter, thickness), and Tencel/polyester fabric were tested. The best in terms of thermal resistance, water vapor resistance, and air permeability was the cotton/polyester fabric (35% cotton/65% PES) with the smallest mass per square meter. This fabric also exhibits the high hygroscopicity of 7.5%, which puts it into the fourth position.
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Liu, Jinru, Hualing He, Zhicai Yu, Abhijeet Suryawanshi, Yongquan Li, Xuebo Lin, and Zenghui Sun. "Investigation of temperature-responsive and thermo-physiological comfort of modified polyester fabric with Sericin/PNIPAAm/Ag NPs interpenetrating polymer network hydrogel." Textile Research Journal 90, no. 23-24 (June 9, 2020): 2622–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0040517520931475.
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Stimuli-responsive polymers applied to traditional textiles have received widespread attention. In this work, a new type of polymer-modified polyester fabric was prepared with interpenetrating polymer network (IPN) hydrogel. The IPN hydrogel comprised of poly (N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAAm), silk sericin (SS), and silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs). The presence of the IPN hydrogel on the surface of fibers can change the wettability of polyester fabric, in response to temperature. The thermal behavior of IPN hydrogel was characterized by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and thermogravimetric analysis (TG). DSC results indicated that the IPN hydrogel exhibits temperature-responsive behavior and the lower critical solution temperature (LCST) was around 32.9℃. The decomposition temperature of modified polyester fabric (400.5℃) was better than the original polyester fabric (335℃). TG results indicated that the polymer-modified fabric possessed higher thermal stability than the original polyester fabrics. The thermo-physiological comfort of modified polyester fabric was characterized by water contact angle and vertical wicking test. Above the LCST, the wettability of the polymer-modified polyester fabric would decrease because of the volume phase transition of IPN hydrogel. Moreover, the antibacterial activity of the modified temperature-sensitive fabric against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli was also investigated, and the antibacterial activity for both microorganisms exceeded 95%. This study provided a feasible route to fabricate the temperature-responsive textile with great antibacterial performance.
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Naeem, Jawad, Adnan Ahmed Mazari, and Antonin Havelka. "Review: Radiation Heat Transfer Through Fire Fighter Protective Clothing." Fibres and Textiles in Eastern Europe 25 (August 31, 2017): 65–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0010.2665.
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A fire fighter garment is multilayer protective clothing with an outer shell, moisture barrier and thermal barrier, respectively. Fire fighters encounter different levels of radiant heat flux while performing their duties. This review study acknowledges the importance and performance of fire fighter protective clothing when subjected to a low level of radiation heat flux as well as the influence of air gaps and their respective position on the thermal insulation behaviour of multilayer protective clothing. Thermal insulation plays a vital role in the thermal comfort and protective performance of fire fighter protective clothing (FFPC). The main emphasis of this study was to analyse the performance of FFPC under different levels of radiant heat flux and how the exposure time of fire fighters can be enhanced before acquiring burn injuries. The preliminary portion of this study deals with the modes of heat transportation within textile fabrics, the mechanism of thermal equilibrium of the human body and the thermal protective performance of firefighter protective clothing. The middle portion is concerned with thermal insulation and prediction of the physiological load of FFPC. The last section deals with numerical models of heat transmission through firefighter protective clothing assemblies and possible utility of aerogels and Phase Change Materials (PCMs) for enhancing the thermal protective performance of FFPC.
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Sira, Natalia, Antonina Kolohoida, Oleksandr Lytvyn, and Dmytro Kalchenko. "DEFINITION OF DYNAMIC CHARACTERISTICS GRINDING OF CYLINDRICAL AND NEEDLE ROLLER SURFACE OF A TEXTILE MACHINE." Technical Sciences and Technologies, no. 2(16) (2019): 44–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.25140/2411-5363-2019-2(16)-44-53.
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Urgency of the research. In the process of fabricating fabrics, various types of aggregates are used in the textile industry, such as crocheting, crocheting and others. Their working part is the drums and rollers covered with card headset. The quality of the work surface of the card headset is subject to high requirements, since the occurrence of an error in the craft drum or roller of the textile unit causes the formation of an uneven gap between the working elements and, accordingly, the release of the poor-quality product. And not a satisfactory condition of the working surface of the needles causes a gap in the material, which also increases the percentage of the gap. Target setting. Given the large dimensions of the drums and rollers of textile machines, as well as the slight stiffness of the headset, the dynamic impact on the accuracy of the processing has a significant impact. Actual scientific researches and issues analysis. Various aspects of the theory of fluctuations of rigid structures are investigated, which allows us to use an analytical approach to many practical cases. The main issues of the dynamics of metal-cutting machine tools are considered: equivalent and elastic systems, working processes, stability of the dynamic system, stationary and transitional processes. The data on the closed dynamical system of the machine, the indicators of dynamic quality are given. The methods of finishing a grinding of smooth cylindrical and sharpening of needle surfaces of drums and rollers of textile machines are offered. Uninvestigated parts of general matters defining. However, the study of dynamic characteristics in the process of finishing grinding cylindrical and needle surfaces of drums and rollers of textile machines was not conducted. Research of dynamic characteristics of the grinding process of cylindrical and needle surfaces of drums and rollers of textile machines, and determination of dynamic properties of elements of the processing system. The statement of basic materials. The value of the initial deflection of the needles as a result of their impact on the surface of the grinding wheel at the time of entry into the processing zone was determined. A spatial model of the needle was constructed and its frequency analysis in the Solidworks system was performed. Since the processing of textile rollers is proposed to be carried out on the grinding machine VZ-208F3, a modal analysis of its spindle assembly was also carried out. In the experimental study, the amplitude-phase-frequency characteristic is constructed. Conclusions. Through the computer spatial modeling, the first five self-oscillation frequencies were determined, as well as the corresponding oscillation patterns for the needle of the card headset and for the spindle knot of the machine VZ- 208F3. Experimental way is the amplitude-phase-frequency characteristic of the spindle.
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Maslennikova, A. V., G. V. Portnova, and N. L. Nagibina. "«Tactile Pictogram» Method: Differences in Tactile Perception Strategies in Schizophrenia and Healthy Control." Experimental Psychology (Russia) 13, no. 2 (2020): 17–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.17759/exppsy.2020130202.
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The article presents the results of a study of tactile perception. The phenomena of hypersensitivity and hypensensitivity in mental pathology are associated with chenges of reaction rate, thresholds of perception of tactile stimuli, or with physiological characteristics — a change in the tactile receptor system (McGlone F., 2014). This study was performed as an attempt to identify cognitive perception strategies (styles) for the tactile system, as well as their changes in patients with a hallucinatory-paranoid form of schizophrenia. The method, which we called the “tactile pictogram”, was developed to identify tactile perception features. Stimuli: eight textile samples (different fabrics), the same size and shape (A5), but different in structure, density, color and texture. Instruction: We allow the patient to touch the fabtic with closed eyes to feel it (fabrics presented one by one) and tell any words to memorize this fabric. After that, as a test it was necessary to find out the fabric according to your description. Subjects was 45 students (department of psychology), age 20 to 50 years. 24 patients with a hallucinatory-paranoid form of schizophrenia and schizotypic disorder (F20.0, F21.0 in ICD-10) aged 14 to 40 years. Patients at the time of the study were medicated, pathological symptoms persisted. All the received characteristics were combined into categories: “image”, “symbol”, “color and pattern”, “function”, “subjective evaluation”, “affiliation”, “objective evaluation”, “associations by place”, “character”. The answers of the subjects were coded according to the categories, expert assessments were used. The values of the U-test for the intergroup differences p = 0.05 for the categories “image”, “symbol”, “color and pattern”. In general, both healthy and schizophrenics used no more than three perception strategies. Some samples have recognizable features (cotton) and do not differ in characteristics in patients and healthy. Conclusions: 1. For tissue samples: cotton, fine viscose and thin felt for both groups, no differences between groups are revealed; 2. Intergroup differences in other samples showed a predominance of associative strategies in patients with schizophrenia (compared to healthy ones).
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Cheng, Zhe, Victor Kuzmichev, and Dominique Adolphe. "A digital replica of male compression underwear." Textile Research Journal 90, no. 7-8 (October 22, 2019): 877–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0040517519883058.
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With the development of society and increasing demands, the design of male underwear should conform to human ergonomics. However, some special delicate aspects related to morphological features of the male body need to use computer technologies for generating a digital replica of real bodies, with textile materials instead of real objects from the perspective of satisfying increasing needs. This article aims to apply three-dimensional (3D) simulation technology in compression clothes design. We have proposed the method of material precision simulation, body avatar establishment, and virtual underwear design. In this study, multiple 3D software to establish avatars of male bodies with different morphological features are used first. Secondly, the conversion of the Kawabata Evaluation System for Fabrics results in a digital library of knitted materials to be explored, which are mainly based on elastic characteristics and compression performances. Then, we conducted a series of try-on tests with average size avatars, which are created using 3D scanning technology, and evaluated the pressure and comfort using a new method we recommended. Finally, the results of the virtual and actual tests are compared. All digital replicas achieve the same results as the real ones. This study can promote the application of 3D simulation technology in male compression underwear design by operating a digital replica instead of real objects.
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Martí, Meritxell, Vanessa Martínez, Manel J. Lis, and Luisa Coderch. "Mathematical models for drug delivery from textile." Journal of Industrial Textiles, June 24, 2019, 152808371985876. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1528083719858769.
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Gallic acid was microencapsulated in poly-ɛ-caprolactone by the solvent evaporation method and was applied onto biofunctional textile substrates, cotton, and polyamide fabrics using a finishing process. A higher content of microspheres on polyamide was obtained due to the more hydrophobic character of polyamide. Drug release in physiological serum was carried out with treated fabrics submerged into a thermostatized vessel at semi-infinite bath conditions. The kinetic study carried out allowed the determination of the drug-delivery behavior for all systems in the medium. The results showed that the hydrophobicity and affinity of textiles and gallic acid influenced the release mechanism. For cotton, a clear Fickian diffusion was obtained; for polyamide, the diffusion was anomalous. However, no differences were found in the global mass transport. The model could address the need of the medical and health sector for assessing the theoretical amount of drug released from biofunctional textile.
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Hes, Lubos. "Some open questions of evaluation of comfort properties of functional clothing." Journal of Textile Engineering & Fashion Technology 6, no. 4 (July 28, 2020). http://dx.doi.org/10.15406/jteft.2020.06.00243.
Full textAbstract:
In the paper, several relatively new aspects of testing of functional clothing are discussed, such as the effect of moisture and testing time on water vapour permeability of fabrics as well as the effect of the testing time on thermal resistance value of fabrics tested in Skin Model type testers. Also the difference between thermal resistance and thermal absorptivity of fabrics was explained. It was concluded, that there are still some unsolved problems in the above areas, which should attract the attention of textile scientists and technologists.
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Hes, Lubos. "Some open questions of evaluation of comfort properties of functional clothing." Journal of Textile Engineering & Fashion Technology 6, no. 4 (July 28, 2020). http://dx.doi.org/10.15406/jteft.2020.06.00243.
Full textAbstract:
In the paper, several relatively new aspects of testing of functional clothing are discussed, such as the effect of moisture and testing time on water vapour permeability of fabrics as well as the effect of the testing time on thermal resistance value of fabrics tested in Skin Model type testers. Also the difference between thermal resistance and thermal absorptivity of fabrics was explained. It was concluded, that there are still some unsolved problems in the above areas, which should attract the attention of textile scientists and technologists.
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"Ni Substituted MgMn Nanoferrites as Antibacterial Agent for Biotextile Application." International Journal of Engineering and Advanced Technology 9, no. 1S3 (December 30, 2019): 300–304. http://dx.doi.org/10.35940/ijeat.a1169.1291s419.
Full textAbstract:
Biological aspects of nanoferrite incorporation is growing in demand in textile industries. In this regard the present study focuses on the synthesis of nanoferrite with Nickel substitution by Coprecipitation route. Structural studies of the nanoferrites was analyzed using X-ray diffraction. The chemical analyses determined by TEM, was in good agreement with that of XRD analysis. Thermal analysis by TG/DTA inferred that nanoferrites were thermally stable due to Ni dopants added with the compounds. MgMnNiFe2O4 nanoferrites on cotton fabrics was subjected antibacterial assay on various pathogenic microorganism and exhibits the zone of inhibition. The fabricated nanoferrites on cotton fabrics showed great durability evidenced by their antibacterial activities even after 20 washing cycles. Hence, the functionalized cotton fabrics could be used as a potential antibacterial agent.
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Beyene, Kura Alemayehu, and Soliyana Gebeyaw. "The effects of yarn and fabric structural parameters on surface friction of plain-woven fabrics." Research Journal of Textile and Apparel ahead-of-print, ahead-of-print (August 19, 2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/rjta-03-2021-0029.
Full textAbstract:
Purpose Friction is considered to be one property of cloth that has considerable importance in the fields of both technological and subjective assessment for surface properties of textile fabrics. The purpose of this study is to investigate the affective aspects of yarn and fabric structural parameters on the behavior of surface friction of plain woven fabrics. Design/methodology/approach In this study, nine varieties of half-bleached cotton plain-woven fabrics with three weft yarn count (tex) and three weft thread density (ppc) are produced and will be examined for their frictional characteristics. The surface frictional properties of plain-woven fabrics were measured by using Kawabata (KES-Fb4) testing instrument. The ANOVA analysis is used to determine how yarn (count) and fabric (density) structural parameters does influence the surface friction properties of the fabrics. Also, the interaction effects between the factors (count and density) on the response variable (surface friction) of plain-woven fabrics. Findings The findings of this study revealed that the effects of weft yarn count and pick-density have statistically significant on the frictional behavior of the fabric surface properties at a 95% confidence interval. Thus, weft yarn count has a positive correlation with both coefficient of friction (MIU) and mean deviation of coefficient of friction (MMD) on frictional behavior of the fabric surface properties. On the other hand, pick density has a negative correlation with both MIU and MMD on frictional behavior of the fabric surface properties. The weft count, pick density and their interactions (Count X Density) have multicollinearity in the experiment term because the variance inflation factor values were greater than one. Originality/value The findings of this study can be routinely used across the textile industries and laboratories to provide a fundamental understanding regarding the surface frictional properties of the woven fabric for different end applications concerning the yarn structural parameters and fabric structural parameters. And the relationship of count and density with surface friction of plain woven fabrics.
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De Godoy, Sarah, and Milton Sogabe. "Nanotechnology and its applications in fashion design in 2020." Link Symposium Abstracts 2020, December 4, 2020, 54–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.24135/linksymposium.vi.21.
Full textAbstract:
This article identifies, systematizes, analyzes and maps proposals and experiences for the application of nanotechnology to the textile industry and as hypotheses in which fabrics, classified as “smart”, have been fed industrially in fashion design in 2020. Therefore, it is considered design and human beings have an inseparable link, making it essential to raise aspects not yet fully mapped of the relationship of “smart fabrics”, that is, those sought through the implementation of nanotechnology in stages of the textile production process, with design fashion, which aims to establish an interface between human beings and clothing. In this sense, the method used for this qualitative investigation essentially contemplates a descriptive-observational modality of study of recognition.
The choice of this theme is due to the scientific development of nanotechnology, which allows, through its technological manipulation, the modification and reinvention of materials and processes, so that structures can work at molecular and atomic levels, self-organizing and realigning itself in response to external stimuli, becoming in the end a resource for the improvement of textiles (JORDÃO, 2009). However, despite constant research and the development of the technical capacity of this resource, the study of the relationship between “smart fabrics” and fashion design is still quite scarce. It is known that such information is fundamental for the consolidation of this innovation process in the textile industry and, consequently, for the satisfaction of users (SENAI-SP, 2012; SOLOMON, 2011; SAWHNEY et al., 2008; COLCHESTER, 2007).
In addition, according to May (2007, p.164), there are several products on the market that use nanotechnology without the knowledge of society,since the products are not labeled with this information and there is no specific regulation. Among these products are fabrics. The verification ofthis data makes this article pertinent to society, which is insipient to the subject. And, from a marketing point of view, the research is relevant, as itmay help to educate fashion designers, brands and users about the “smart fabrics” available.
The combination of the above factors and the understanding of the situations in which “smart fabrics” are integrated into fashion design arerelevant elements to the theme of the conference “Design as common good”, since the research seeks to identify, systematize, analyze and map , through the proposed methodological tools, paths and directions of fashion design, addressing relevant issues such as their role in contemporary times, as well as directing new possibilities, using “smart fabrics” as a material resource in this process, serving as a parallel for other converging needs in other areas.
The results of this study thus provide inputs to fashion designers and users, as well as associations of technical standards, the textile industry and the innovation sector, seeking to fill the gap identified about the lack of information in relation to situations where nanotechnology is being integrated into fashion design in 2020.