Journal articles: 'Textile reinforcement'

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Vlach, Tomáš, Magdaléna Novotná, Ctislav Fiala, Lenka Laiblová, and Petr Hájek. "Cohesion of Composite Reinforcement Produced from Rovings with High Performance Concrete." Applied Mechanics and Materials 732 (February 2015): 397–402. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.732.397.

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The reinforcement of concrete with composite technical textile creates a tensile load-bearing capacity. It allows the elimination of steel reinforcement and minimisation of concrete cover. Based on this, the concrete cover is designed with respect to the cohesion of reinforcement with concrete. By using of textile reinforcement very thin structures could be created. The aim of this paper was to determine the interaction conditions of carbon and basalt composite reinforcement in a matrix of epoxy resin with high performance concrete (HPC). The tensile strength of used composite reinforcement and the other mechanical parameters of HPC were determined by experimental tests. Experiments copied the production method of technical textiles. These two combinations of materials present the influence on the design of the structures with textile reinforcements.

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Mészöly, Tamás, Sandra Ofner, Norbert Randl, and Zhiping Luo. "Effect of Combining Fiber and Textile Reinforcement on the Flexural Behavior of UHPC Plates." Advances in Materials Science and Engineering 2020 (September 29, 2020): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/9891619.

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A series of flexural tests were performed in order to investigate the effect of steel fiber reinforcement (SFR) in textile-reinforced concrete (TRC) plates. Some of the specimens were reinforced only with textile, some of them only with fibers, and some of them were provided with both textile and fiber reinforcement. The concrete matrix was a self-developed ultrahigh performance concrete (UHPC) mixture with a compression strength over 160 MPa. The tensile strength of the used textiles was around 1500 MPa for glass fiber textile and over 3000 MPa for carbon fiber textile. In case of fiber reinforcement, the concrete was reinforced with 2 vol% of 15 mm long and 0.2 mm diameter plain high strength steel fibers. The dimensions of the rectangular plate test specimens were 700 × 150 × 30 mm. The plate specimens were tested in a symmetric four-point bending setup with a universal testing machine. The tests were monitored using a photogrammetric measurement system with digital image correlation (DIC). The paper presents and evaluates the test results, analyses the crack patterns and crack development, and compares the failure modes. The results showed a general advantageous mechanical behavior of specimens reinforced with the combination of fibers and textiles in comparison to the specimens reinforced with only fiber or textile reinforcement.

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Döbrich, Oliver, Thomas Gereke, and Chokri Cherif. "Modelling of textile composite reinforcements on the micro-scale." Autex Research Journal 14, no. 1 (March 14, 2014): 28–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10304-012-0047-z.

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Abstract Numerical simulation tools are increasingly used for developing novel composites and composite reinforcements. The aim of this paper is the application of digital elements for the simulation of the mechanical behaviour of textile reinforcement structures by means of a finite element analysis. The beneficial computational cost of these elements makes them applicable for the use in large models with a solution on near micro-scale. The representation of multifilament yarn models by a large number of element-chains is highly suitable for the analysis of structural and geometrical effects. In this paper, a unit cell generating method for technical reinforcement textiles, using digital elements for the discretization, is introduced.

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Vlach, Tomáš, Lenka Laiblová, Jakub Řepka, Zuzana Jirkalová, and Petr Hájek. "EXPERIMENTAL VERIFICATION OF IMPREGNATED TEXTILE REINFORCEMENT SPLICING BY OVERLAPPING." Acta Polytechnica CTU Proceedings 22 (July 25, 2019): 128–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.14311/app.2019.22.0128.

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This paper presents an experimental verification of impregnated textile reinforcement splicing by overlapping using tensile test of small textile reinforced concrete slabs before its using in the product. The specimen dimensions were designed 80×360mm and thickness approximately 18 mm. This specimen was reinforced using two pieces of impregnated flat technical fabric from carbon roving and epoxy resin. Two overlap lengths were designed using data from previous cohesion tensile tests and necessary anchoring length. The purpose of this experiment was experimental verification before flat reinforcement splicing by overlapping on the final product – furniture with textile reinforcement. This paper shows possible problems and complications in the anchoring of the textile reinforcements and in splicing by overlapping, the importance of the accuracy reinforcement position in the thin concrete cross-sectional area.

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You, Jungbhin, Jongho Park, Sun-Kyu Park, and Sungnam Hong. "Experimental Study on the Flexural Behavior of Steel-Textile-Reinforced Concrete: Various Textile Reinforcement Details." Applied Sciences 10, no. 4 (February 20, 2020): 1425. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10041425.

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In this study, one reinforced concrete specimen and six textile reinforced concrete (TRC) specimens were produced to analyze the flexural behavior of steel-textile-reinforced concrete. The TRC specimen was manufactured using a total of four variables: textile reinforcement amount, textile reinforcement hook, textile mesh type, textile lay out form. Flexural performance increases with textile reinforcement amount, textile reinforcement hook type and textile reinforcement mesh type. The flexural performance was improved when physical hooks were used. Furthermore, textile reinforcement was verified as being effective at controlling the deflection.

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Schulte-Hubbert, F., D. Drummer, and L. Hoffmann. "Model Approach for Displaying Dynamic Filament Displacement during Impregnation of Continuous Fibres Based on the Theory of Similarity – Theory and Modelling." International Polymer Processing 36, no. 4 (September 1, 2021): 423–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ipp-2020-4020.

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Abstract The underlying process for the production of textile reinforced thermoplastics is the impregnation of dry textile reinforcements with a thermoplastic matrix. The process parameters such as temperature, time and pressure of the impregnation are mainly determined by the permeability of the reinforcement. This results from a complex interaction of hydrodynamic compaction and relaxation behavior caused by textile and process parameters. The foundation for the description and optimization of impregnation progresses is therefore the determination of the pressure-dependent permeability of fibre textiles. Previous experimental investigations have shown that the dynamic compaction behavior during the impregnation of fibre reinforcements with thermoplastics or thermosets can be successfully characterized. However, for most cases, an analytical representation has not been possible due to the complexity of the process. Although it may be possible to reproduce this behavior by numerical calculations, the results need to be confirmed by experiments. This paper lays the analytical foundation for building a scaled model system, based on the theory of similarity, to observe, measure, and evaluate the dynamic compaction behavior of textile reinforcements under controlled process conditions.

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Vlach, Tomáš, Alexandru Chira, Lenka Laiblová, Ctislav Fiala, Magdaléna Novotná, and Petr Hájek. "Numerical Simulation of Cohesion Influence of Textile Reinforcement on Bending Performance of Plates Prepared from High Performance Concrete (HPC)." Advanced Materials Research 1106 (June 2015): 69–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1106.69.

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Demand for very thin concrete elements, which can’t be reinforced with usually used steel reinforcement, gave rise to a new type of non-traditional reinforcement with technical textiles in matrix of epoxy resin. This type of reinforcement together with concrete is called textile reinforced concrete (TRC). Composite reinforcement is very chemically resistant, so the concrete cover is proposed to regard the durability. It allows a significant saving of concrete and design of thinner elements. For TRC structures is used high performance concrete (HPC) with its fine grained structure and high compressive strength. Textile reinforcement and TRC in general are developed at the Faculty of Civil Engineering and the Klokner Institute, CTU in Prague.

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Dodun, Oana, Laurentiu Slatineanu, Gheorghe Nagit, Marian Mares, Adelina Hrituc, Margareta Coteata, and Irina Besliu Bancescu. "Mechanical Properties of Composites Reinforced with Textile." Materiale Plastice 57, no. 1 (April 17, 2020): 21–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.37358/mp.20.1.5308.

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The needs of environmental protection led to the introduction of composites based on the use of plastics reinforced with biodegradable materials or other easily accessible materials. The overall purpose of the research was to experimentally investigate the possibilities of using some accessible reinforcement materials. Textile based on plants fibers and glass fibers were used as reinforcement materials, while the matrix was a polymer type material. An empirical mathematical model was proposed to highlight the effect of the number of glass fiber reinforcements on the tensile strength. The determined mathematical empirical model and graphical representations highlight how the number of glass fiber reinforcements affects the modulus of elasticity of the composite materials.

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Bittner, Tomáš, Petr Bouška, Michaela Kostelecká, and Miroslav Vokáč. "Experimental Investigation of Mechanical Properties of Textile Glass Reinforcement." Applied Mechanics and Materials 732 (February 2015): 45–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.732.45.

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Mechanical tests were performed at the Klokner Institute on samples of a textile glass reinforcement. These tests will be used for determining the modulus of elasticity of textile glass reinforcements and for assessing the maximal stress that the samples will withstand. Both of these quantities are required for further modeling of the structures and for designing elements made from textile reinforced concrete (TRC). The tests were carried out on a total of 10 samples made from a single piece of 2D net (produced by V. FRAAS, GmbH, Germany). The tests were carried out on AR-glass reinforcement (alkali - resistant glass) textile glass with 2400 TEX [g/km] fineness, which is often supplied with dimensions of 1 x 2 m. The first 5 samples were prepared in the direction of the warp (the direction of the load-bearing reinforcement), and the remaining 5 samples were prepared from the transverse direction (the direction of the weft). These samples were loaded by a constant force increasing up to collapse. Then the modulus of elasticity of the textile glass reinforcement and the stress at the strength limit were determined from the monitored data.

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Vlach, Tomáš, Lenka Laiblová, Michal Ženíšek, Alexandru Chira, Anuj Kumar, and Petr Hájek. "The Effect of Surface Treatments of Textile Reinforcement on Mechanical Parameters of HPC Facade Elements." Key Engineering Materials 677 (January 2016): 203–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.677.203.

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Development of extremely thin concrete structures and demand for extremely thin elements are the reason of using composite non-traditional materials as reinforcement. Steel reinforcement is not very chemically resistant and it limits the thickness because of the required concrete cover as protection. This is the reason why textile reinforced concrete (TRC) going to be very famous and modern material. TRC in combination with fine grain high performance concrete (HPC) allows a significant saving of concrete. Due to its non-corrosive properties of composite technical textiles it is possible to design very subtle structures and elements. TRC and HPC in general are developed at the Faculty of Civil Engineering and the Klokner Institute, CTU in Prague. This present paper investigates the cohesion influence of textile reinforcement on four point bending test. All small experimental panels were reinforced with the same 3D technical textile from AR-glass roving with different type of cover layer. Different conditions of interaction between technical textiles and HPC were ensured by modified surface using silica sand and silica flour.

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Hegger, Josef, Christian Kulas, and Michael Horstmann. "Realization of TRC Façades with Impregnated AR-Glass Textiles." Key Engineering Materials 466 (January 2011): 121–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.466.121.

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In the last 30 years, façade-panels made of steel-reinforced concrete have become less attractive for architects and clients. Due to the metallic reinforcement, the insufficient concrete covers of former design code generations and hence the material-dependent corrosion, many cases of damage occurred. Using technical textiles for a new composite material, Textile Reinforced Concrete (TRC), it is possible to produce concrete structures which are not vulnerable to corrosion. The presented ventilated large-sized façade elements and self-supporting sandwich panels exemplify the capability of TRC. In the paper, applied materials are characterized and the production process of tailor-made textile reinforcements as well as the load-bearing behavior of the members is described.

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Pidun, Kevin, and Thomas Gries. "Shaped Textile Reinforcement Elements for Concrete Components." Advanced Materials Research 747 (August 2013): 415–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.747.415.

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By now the application of Textile Reinforced Concrete (TRC) for facade constructions can be considered as state of the art. Especially ventilated curtain walls made of TRC and sandwich elements made in combination of TRC-layers and foam cores recently are realized in pilot projects which are predominantly located in Aachen, Germany. The Life funded Insu-Shell façade of the Institute fuer Textiltechnik (ITA) of RWTH Aachen University gives an example of such a pilot project. Furthermore, a pedestrian bridge has been built in Albstadt, Germany. The enormous potential of TRC-applications is shown in these practical projects. All projects have been completed successfully and present good results in terms of the surface quality, the design freedom, the wall thinness and the ecological performance. A networked process chain was aimed at and approached and finally implemented. Apart from this, all these projects incorporating impregnated textile reinforcements reveal unanswered questions regarding production of shaped reinforcement elements, their ability to bear loads and their durability. Particularly the transformation of a 2D-warp-knit fabric to a reinforcement element (textile reinforcement cage) is a challenge, which needs to be addressed further. Since the beginning of 2012 a new transfer project called Shaped textile reinforcement elements for concrete components (T08) within the framework of the Collaborative Research Center 532 `Textile Reinforced Concrete - Development of a new technology` is funded. That challenge is to be solved in the T08 project in cooperation with Institutes from the RWTH Aachen University and industry partners led by the Institute of Structural Concrete of RWTH Aachen University.

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INADA, NORIO. "Textile Reinforcement Material for Tire." FIBER 64, no. 9 (2008): P.283—P.286. http://dx.doi.org/10.2115/fiber.64.p_283.

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Vogel, Filip, Jan Machovec, and Petr Konvalinka. "The Experimental Determination of One-Axial Tensile Strength of the Textile Reinforced Concrete." Applied Mechanics and Materials 827 (February 2016): 271–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.827.271.

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This article deals with experimental testing of the textile reinforced concrete samples. The main topic of this article is determination ultimate tensile strength of the textile reinforced concrete. The testing samples were in form “dogbone” for good fixing in testing machine. There are 12 samples totally in experimental program. One type cement matrix and three types (difference in their weight 125 g/m2, 275 g/m2 and 500 g/m2) glass textile reinforcement were used for the production of samples. The textile reinforcement is made of alkali-resistant glass fibres. Three samples were made of cement matrix and nine samples were made of cement matrix reinforced textile reinforcement (three of each type of reinforcement). The samples were tested in special attachment in one-axial tensile. Experimental tests were controlled by speed of rate of deformation (0.0005 m/min). The textile reinforcement has very good influence to behaviour of the textile reinforced concrete in tensile stress.

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El-Hage, Yue, Simon Hind, and François Robitaille. "Thermal conductivity of textile reinforcements for composites." Journal of Textiles and Fibrous Materials 1 (January 1, 2018): 251522111775115. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2515221117751154.

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Thermal conductivity data for dry carbon fibre fabrics are required for modelling heat transfer during composites manufacturing processes; however, very few published data are available. This article reports in-plane and through-thickness thermal conductivities measured as a function of fibre volume fraction ( Vf) for non-crimp and twill carbon reinforcement fabrics, three-dimensional weaves and reinforcement stacks assembled with one-sided carbon stitch. Composites made from these reinforcements and glass fibre fabrics are also measured. Clear trends are observed and the effects of Vf, de-bulking and vacuum are quantified along with orthotropy ratios. Limited differences between the conductivity of dry glass and carbon fibre fabrics in the through-thickness direction are reported. An unexpected trend in the relationship between that quantity and Vf is explained summarily through simple simulations.

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Truong, Gia Toai, Ngoc Hieu Dinh, Sang Hyun Park, Seung Jae Lee, Joo Young Kim, and Kyoung Kyu Choi. "Influence of Coating on Mechanical Performance of Lap-Spliced Carbon Fiber-Textile Reinforced Mortar (TRM)." Materials Science Forum 972 (October 2019): 64–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.972.64.

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In this study, the effect of coating methods in the lap splice area on mechanical performance of lap-spliced carbon textile reinforced mortar (TRM) composites was investigated. The coating methods included textile reinforcement coated with epoxy, textile reinforcement coated with aluminum oxide powder and epoxy, and textile reinforcement coated with aluminum oxide powder, epoxy, and carbon fiber fabrics. It appears that the coated specimens showed higher peak strength and ultimate strain than those of the uncoated one.

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Kiekens, Paul, Els Van der Burght, Erich Kny, Tamer Uyar, and Rimvydas Milašius. "Functional Textiles – From Research and Development to Innovations and Industrial Uptake." Autex Research Journal 14, no. 4 (December 1, 2014): 219–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/aut-2014-0031.

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Abstract Functional textiles are one of the most important fields in textile industry and textile materials science. They include breathable, heat and cold-resistant materials, ultra-strong fabrics (e.g. as reinforcement for composites), new flameretardant fabrics (e.g. intumescent materials), optimisation of textile fabrics for acoustic properties, etc. Functional textiles became more and more important materials for various applications and interest in them grew year by year; and more and more conferences are focused on functional textiles, as well as the events which are not only textile conferences but encompass various fields of Material Science. This paper presents a short overview about the European Materials Research Society 2014 Fall meeting conference Symposium M “Functional textiles - from research and development to innovations and industrial uptake” and the projects which participated as symposium co-organisers: the European Coordination Action 2BFUNTEX funded by the EC 7th Framework Programme NMP, the COST Action MP1105 on “Sustainable flame retardancy for textiles and related materials based on nanoparticles substituting conventional chemicals (FLARETEX)” and the COST Action MP1206 on “Electrospun Nano-fibres for bio inspired composite materials and innovative industrial applications”.

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Zhou, Fen, Huanhui Liu, Yunxing Du, Lingling Liu, Deju Zhu, and Wei Pan. "Uniaxial Tensile Behavior of Carbon Textile Reinforced Mortar." Materials 12, no. 3 (January 25, 2019): 374. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma12030374.

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This paper investigates the effects of the reinforcement ratio, volume fraction of steel fibers, and prestressing on the uniaxial tensile behavior of carbon textile reinforced mortar (CTRM) through uniaxial tensile tests. The results show that the tensile strength of CTRM specimens increases with the reinforcement ratio, however the textile–matrix bond strength becomes weaker and debonding can occur. Short steel fibers are able to improve the mechanical properties of the entire CTRM composite and provide additional “shear resistant ability” to enhance the textile– matrix bond strength, resulting in finer cracks with smaller spacing and width. Investigations into the fracture surfaces using an optical microscope clarify these inferences. Increases in first-crack stress and tensile strength are also observed in prestressed TRM specimens. In this study, the combination of 1% steel fibers and prestressing at 15% of the ultimate tensile strength of two-layer textiles is found to be the optimum configuration, producing the highest first-crack stress and tensile strength and the most reasonable multi-cracking pattern.

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Vogel, Filip. "Production and Use of the Textile Reinforced Concrete." Advanced Materials Research 982 (July 2014): 59–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.982.59.

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This article discusses about the textile reinforced concrete. The textile reinforced concrete is a new material with great possibilities for modern construction. The textile reinforced concrete consists of cement matrix and textile reinforcement of high strength fibers. This combination of cement matrix and textile reinforcement is an innovative combination of materials for use in the construction. The main advantage of the textile reinforced concrete is a high tensile strength and ductile behavior. The textile reinforced concrete is corrosion resistant. With these mechanical properties can be used textile reinforced concrete in modern construction.

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ABDEL-KAREEM, OMAR. "Evaluating the Combined Efficacy of Polymers with Fungicides for Protection of Museum Textiles against Fungal Deterioration in Egypt." Polish Journal of Microbiology 59, no. 4 (2010): 271–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.33073/pjm-2010-041.

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Fungal deterioration is one of the highest risk factors for damage of historical textile objects in Egypt. This paper represents both a study case about the fungal microflora deteriorating historical textiles in the Egyptian Museum and the Coptic museum in Cairo, and evaluation of the efficacy of several combinations of polymers with fungicides for the reinforcement of textiles and their prevention against fungal deterioration. Both cotton swab technique and biodeteriorated textile part technique were used for isolation of fungi from historical textile objects. The plate method with the manual key was used for identification of fungi. The results show that the most dominant fungi isolated from the tested textile samples belong to Alternaria, Aspergillus, Chaetomium, Penicillium and Trichoderma species. Microbiological testing was used for evaluating the usefulness of the suggested conservation materials (polymers combined with fungicides) in prevention of the fungal deterioration of ancient Egyptian textiles. Textile samples were treated with 4 selected polymers combined with two selected fungicides. Untreated and treated textile samples were deteriorated by 3 selected active fungal strains isolated from ancient Egyptian textiles. This study reports that most of the tested polymers combined with the tested fungicides prevented the fungal deterioration of textiles. Treatment of ancient textiles by suggested polymers combined with the suggested fungicides not only reinforces these textiles, but also prevents fungal deterioration and increases the durability of these textiles. The tested polymers without fungicides reduce the fungal deterioration of textiles but do not prevent it completely.

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Wehsener, Jörg, Thomas Weser, Peer Haller, Olaf Diestel, and Chokri Cherif. "Textile reinforcement of multidimensional formable wood." European Journal of Wood and Wood Products 72, no. 4 (May 3, 2014): 463–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00107-014-0799-3.

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Rempel, Sergej, and Christian Kulas. "Biegetragverhalten getränkter textiler Bewehrungselemente für Betonbauteile/Bending Bearing Behavior of impregnated textile reinforcement for concrete elements." Bauingenieur 90, no. 06 (2015): 248–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.37544/0005-6650-2015-06-40.

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Der Trend in der heutigen Bauwirtschaft zeigt einen wachsenden Bedarf an hochleistungsfähigen Materialien mit hohen Zug- und Druckfestigkeiten. Ein innovatives Baumaterial, das die Wünsche der Architekten und Tragwerksplaner befriedigt, ist der Textilbeton (Textile-Reinforced-Concrete (TRC)). Die Kombination aus hochfestem Beton und der korrosionsbeständigen Bewehrung, die gleichzeitig mit einer hohen Zugfestigkeit überzeugt, ermöglicht extrem schlanke Bauteile. Die bereits realisierten Textilbeton-Anwendungen bekräftigen die Anwendbarkeit des neuen Verbundwerkstoffes. Die weitere Entwicklung der textilen Bewehrung erweitert die Möglichkeiten für tragende Bauteile. Ein wichtiger Schritt war die Imprägnierung der Textilien mit Styrol-Butadien und Epoxidharz. Die Tränkung ermöglicht einen hohen Zuwachs der Zugfestigkeiten. Zusätzlich wird die Dauerhaftigkeit, Handhabung und Temperaturstabilität der Bewehrung erhöht. Folglich steigen die Effektivität und die Wirtschaftlichkeit der texilbewehrten Bauteile.   Der Beitrag stellt das Biegetragverhalten von Platten sowie Doppel-T Balken vor, die mit getränkten Textilien bewehrt wurden. Des Weiteren wird ein Bemessungsmodell für das Biegetragverhalten vorgestellt.

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Kim, Hyeong-Yeol, Young-Jun You, Gum-Sung Ryu, Gi-Hong Ahn, and Kyung-Taek Koh. "Concrete Slab-Type Elements Strengthened with Cast-in-Place Carbon Textile Reinforced Concrete System." Materials 14, no. 6 (March 16, 2021): 1437. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14061437.

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Although carbon textile reinforcement widely used to replace the steel reinforcing bars but the bonding strength of carbon textile is generally much smaller than that of common steel bars. This study examines the strengthening effect of concrete slab-type elements strengthened in flexure by carbon textile reinforcement according to the surface coating of textile and the amount of reinforcement. The effect of the surface coating of textile on the bond strength was evaluated through a direct pullout test with four different sizes of coating material. The surface coated specimens developed bond strength approximately twice that of the uncoated specimen. The flexural strengthening effect with respect to the amount of reinforcement was investigated by a series of flexural failure tests on full-scale reinforced concrete (RC) slab specimens strengthened by textile reinforced concrete (TRC) system. The flexural failure test results revealed that the TRC system-strengthened specimens develop load-carrying capacity that is improved to at least 150% compared to the non-strengthened specimen. The strengthening performance was not significantly influenced by the textile coating and was not proportional to the amount of reinforcement when this amount was increased, owing to the change in the failure mode. The outstanding constructability afforded by TRC strengthening was verified through field applications executing TRC strengthening by shotcreting on a concrete box culvert.

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Bittner, Tomáš, Petr Bouška, Michaela Kostelecká, Šárka Nenadálová, Milan Rydval, and Miroslav Vokáč. "Determination of Mechanical Properties of Non-Conventional Reinforcement." Key Engineering Materials 662 (September 2015): 249–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.662.249.

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Mechanical tests of samples of basalt and textile glass reinforcement were performed within the solution of the research project GAČR 13-12676S and SGS14/171/OHK1/2T/31. These tests were carried out because of the need to establish elementary mechanical quantities that are tensile strength and modulus of elasticity of non-conventional reinforcement. Both of these quantities are required for further modeling of structures and for designing of the elements made from textile reinforced concrete (TRC) as not being provided by reinforcement manufacturers. The tests were carried out on a total of 12 samples of reinforcement where the first 6 samples were made from textile glass reinforcement (AR-G = Alkali-Resistant Glass) and the remaining 6 samples were prepared from basalt reinforcement. The filament sheaf fibers called roving was used for the production of test specimens.

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Ishmael, Natalie, Anura Fernando, Sonja Andrew, and Lindsey Waterton Taylor. "Textile technologies for the manufacture of three-dimensional textile preforms." Research Journal of Textile and Apparel 21, no. 4 (December 4, 2017): 342–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/rjta-06-2017-0034.

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Purpose This paper aims to provide an overview of the current manufacturing methods for three-dimensional textile preforms while providing experimental data on the emerging techniques of combining yarn interlocking with yarn interlooping. Design/methodology/approach The paper describes the key textile technologies used for composite manufacture: braiding, weaving and knitting. The various textile preforming methods are suited to different applications; their capabilities and end performance characteristics are analysed. Findings Such preforms are used in composites in a wide range of industries, from aerospace to medical and automotive to civil engineering. The paper highlights how the use of knitting technology for preform manufacture has gained wider acceptance due to its flexibility in design and shaping capabilities. The tensile properties of glass fibre knit structures containing inlay yarns interlocked between knitted loops are given, highlighting the importance of reinforcement yarns. Originality/value The future trends of reinforcement yarns in knitted structures for improved tensile properties are discussed, with initial experimental data.

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Boisse, P., N. Hamila, F. Helenon, Y. Aimene, and T. Mabrouki. "Draping of Textile Composite Reinforcements: Continuous and Discrete Approaches." Advanced Composites Letters 16, no. 4 (July 2007): 096369350701600. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/096369350701600401.

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The textile reinforcements used for composites are multiscale materials. A fabric is made of woven yarns themselves composed of thousand of juxtaposed fibres. For the simulation of the draping of these textile reinforcements several families of approaches can be distinguished in function of the level of the modelling. The continuous approaches consider the fabric as a continuum with a specific behaviour. The discrete approaches use models of some components such as the yarns and sometimes the fibres. Different approaches used for the simulation of woven reinforcement forming are investigated in the present paper. Among them, an approach based on semi discrete finite elements made of woven unit cells under biaxial tension and in-plane shear is detailed. The advantage and inconvenient of the different approaches are compared.

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Linke, M., C. Greb, A. Schnabel, and T. Gries2. "Mass production technologies for textile reinforcement structures." Plastics, Rubber and Composites 42, no. 4 (May 2013): 150–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1179/1743289811y.0000000065.

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Williams Portal, Natalie, Ignasi Fernandez Perez, Lars Nyholm Thrane, and Karin Lundgren. "Pull-out of textile reinforcement in concrete." Construction and Building Materials 71 (November 2014): 63–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2014.08.014.

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Machovec, Jan, Filip Vogel, Steven Linforth, and Petr Konvalinka. "Experimental and Numerical Analysis of Tensile Properties of Textile Reinforced Concrete with Steel Fibres." Key Engineering Materials 722 (December 2016): 275–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.722.275.

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The topic of this article is the experimental and numerical testing of tensile strength of glass textile reinforced cement-based composites with steel fibres. Cement-based composite is similar to high-performance concrete, with its maximal compressive strength higher than 100 MPa. We used thirty six dogbone-shaped specimens for uniaxial tensile loading with three different kinds of textile reinforcement. The difference between reinforcement was in its weight of 1 m2 of textile. We focused on maximal tensile stress in specimens and the ductile behaviour after first cracking occurred. We will compare results from experimental testing made on different types of reinforcement and results from numerical computer model. Tensile stress was generated by loading with constant increase of displacement.

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Yin, Shiping, Yulin Yu, and Mingwang Na. "Flexural properties of load-holding reinforced concrete beams strengthened with textile-reinforced concrete under a chloride dry–wet cycle." Journal of Engineered Fibers and Fabrics 14 (January 2019): 155892501984590. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1558925019845902.

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To study the reinforcement effect of textile-reinforced concrete (TRC) on concrete structures in a marine environment, a four-point bending loading method was used for graded loading to analyze the influence of the dry–wet cycle number, the reinforcement method, and chopped fiber addition on the flexural properties of load-holding reinforced concrete beams reinforced with textile-reinforced concrete. The results show that with the increase of dry–wet cycle numbers, the crack width and deflection of beams develop faster and the bearing capacity decreases. The performance of the prefabricated textile-reinforced concrete plate is close to that of a cast-in-place textile-reinforced concrete in limiting crack, bearing capacity, and deflection deformation. The addition of chopped fibers in fine-grained concrete can improve the reinforcement effect of textile-reinforced concrete. Based on the experimental results and referring to the relevant design codes and literature, the calculation formula of the bearing capacity of TRC-strengthened beam with a secondary load is established, and the calculated values are in good agreement with the actual values.

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Amor, Nesrine, Muhammad Tayyab Noman, and Michal Petru. "Classification of Textile Polymer Composites: Recent Trends and Challenges." Polymers 13, no. 16 (August 4, 2021): 2592. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym13162592.

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Polymer based textile composites have gained much attention in recent years and gradually transformed the growth of industries especially automobiles, construction, aerospace and composites. The inclusion of natural polymeric fibres as reinforcement in carbon fibre reinforced composites manufacturing delineates an economic way, enhances their surface, structural and mechanical properties by providing better bonding conditions. Almost all textile-based products are associated with quality, price and consumer’s satisfaction. Therefore, classification of textiles products and fibre reinforced polymer composites is a challenging task. This paper focuses on the classification of various problems in textile processes and fibre reinforced polymer composites by artificial neural networks, genetic algorithm and fuzzy logic. Moreover, their limitations associated with state-of-the-art processes and some relatively new and sequential classification methods are also proposed and discussed in detail in this paper.

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Nguyen Huy, Cuong, and Quang Ngo Dang. "Experimental study on flexural behavior of prestressed and non-prestressed textile reinforced concrete plates." Transport and Communications Science Journal 71, no. 1 (January 31, 2020): 37–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.25073/tcsj.71.1.5.

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The application of prestressing steel is restricted in highly corrosive environment area due to corrosion of prestressing steel, which leads to reduction in strength and it may cause sudden failure. Carbon textile is considered as an alternate material due to its corrosive resistance property, high tensile strength and perfectly elastic. In this study, an experimental investigation was carried out to study the flexural behavior of prestressed and non-prestressed carbon textile reinforced concrete plates. This study also focuses on the inﬂuences of textile reinforcement ratios, prestress grades on the flexural behavior of carbon textile reinforced concrete (TRC). Fifteen precast TRC plates were tested, of which six were prestressed to various levels with carbon textile. The obtained results show that prestressing of textile reinforcement results in a higher load bearing capacity, stiffness and crack resistance for TRC plates.

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Novotná, Magdaléna, Michaela Kostelecká, Julie Hodková, and Miroslav Vokáč. "Use of Textile Reinforced Concrete – Especially for Facade Panels." Advanced Materials Research 923 (April 2014): 142–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.923.142.

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In recent years, textile reinforced concrete (TRC) is at the beginning of industrial production mainly in Germany and relates especially to facade panels and concrete footbridges. The subtle panels with a minimum thickness of coverage layer can be designed due to the textile reinforcement, which is resistant to corrosion. Furthermore, a long durability is expected in case of these structures. The textile reinforcement with the fine-grained ultra-high performance concrete (UHPC) enables to produce concrete elements with a minimum thickness. Therefore, the concrete element with up to 70 % lower weight compared to element with conventional reinforcement can be produced and significant environmental savings can be achieved (reducing the consumption of non-renewable raw materials, transport energy, reduced dead load acting on the supporting structure, etc.).

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Zhu, Chenkai, Ifty Ahmed, Andrew Parsons, Jinsong Liu, and Xiaoling Liu. "The mechanical property, degradation and cytocompatibility analysis of novel phosphate glass fiber textiles." Textile Research Journal 89, no. 16 (November 6, 2018): 3280–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0040517518809052.

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Phosphate glass fibers have been widely considered as potential biomedical materials for orthopedical application due to their full degradability and excellent cytocompatibility. In this study, phosphate-based glass fibers were drawn from the glass system 48P2O5-12B2O3-14CaO-20MgO-1Na2O-5Fe2O3, via a melt-drawn spinning process and then woven into textile fabric using a small lab-scale inkle-loom. The annealing treatment was applied to both fibers and textiles with 1-hour heat treatment at 540℃, which was 10℃ above the glass transition temperature. An increase in Young's modulus was observed for the single filament fibers and a decrease in tensile strength with annealing treatment. During the degradation period, the tensile strength of non-annealed fibers presented a decrease by day 28, whilst annealed fibers had increased by day 7, then decreased by day 28, which was suggested to be due to the peeling effect observed on the surface of the fibers. The cytocompatibility of the textile fabric with annealing treatment (A-textile) and the non-annealed fabric (N-textile) was characterized via seeding of MG63 cells. Higher metabolic activity and DNA concentration were obtained for the A-textile samples when compared to the N-textile, which was suggested to be due to the lower dissolution rate of the A-textile resulting in fewer ions leaching into the solution. The phosphate glass fiber textiles investigated in this study have shown potential application as bioresorbable composites reinforcement for orthopedic treatment.

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Boisse, P., N. Hamila, and A. Madeo. "Modelling the development of defects during composite reinforcements and prepreg forming." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences 374, no. 2071 (July 13, 2016): 20150269. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2015.0269.

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Defects in composite materials are created during manufacture to a large extent. To avoid them as much as possible, it is important that process simulations model the onset and the development of these defects. It is then possible to determine the manufacturing conditions that lead to the absence or to the controlled presence of such defects. Three types of defects that may appear during textile composite reinforcement or prepreg forming are analysed and modelled in this paper. Wrinkling is one of the most common flaws that occur during textile composite reinforcement forming processes. The influence of the different rigidities of the textile reinforcement is studied. The concept of ‘locking angle’ is questioned. A second type of unusual behaviour of fibrous composite reinforcements that can be seen as a flaw during their forming process is the onset of peculiar ‘transition zones’ that are directly related to the bending stiffness of the fibres. The ‘transition zones’ are due to the bending stiffness of fibres. The standard continuum mechanics of Cauchy is not sufficient to model these defects. A second gradient approach is presented that allows one to account for such unusual behaviours and to master their onset and development during forming process simulations. Finally, the large slippages that may occur during a preform forming are discussed and simulated with meso finite-element models used for macroscopic forming. This article is part of the themed issue ‘Multiscale modelling of the structural integrity of composite materials’.

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Pierce, Robert S., Brian G. Falzon, Mark C. Thompson, and Romain Boman. "Implementation of a Non-Orthogonal Constitutive Model for the Finite Element Simulation of Textile Composite Draping." Applied Mechanics and Materials 553 (May 2014): 76–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.553.76.

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In the pursuit of producing high quality, low-cost composite aircraft structures, out-of-autoclave manufacturing processes for textile reinforcements are being simulated with increasing accuracy. This paper focuses on the continuum-based, finite element modelling of textile composites as they deform during the draping process. A non-orthogonal constitutive model tracks yarn orientations within a material subroutine developed for Abaqus/Explicit, resulting in the realistic determination of fabric shearing and material draw-in. Supplementary material characterisation was experimentally performed in order to define the tensile and non-linear shear behaviour accurately. The validity of the finite element model has been studied through comparison with similar research in the field and the experimental lay-up of carbon fibre textile reinforcement over a tool with double curvature geometry, showing good agreement.

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Misseri, Giulia, Gianfranco Stipo, Stefano Galassi, and Luisa Rovero. "Experimental Investigation on the Bond Behaviour of Basalt TRM Systems - Influence of Textile Configuration and Multi-Layer Application." Key Engineering Materials 817 (August 2019): 134–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.817.134.

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Textile Reinforced Mortars (TRM) include a series of innovative strengthening systems suitable for conservation interventions since inorganic matrixes, instead of polymeric resins, are employed. Recent research supported the definition of guidelines on testing methods for TRM systems applied to masonry, but further investigation is needed to clear out the role played by the numerous factors affecting the strengthening capacity. In this study, an experimental campaign on basalt-fibre TRM systems was carried out. A series of tensile and single-shear bond tests are compared. Samples differ for fibre reinforcement ratio, textile layout and the number of textile layers, while the lime-based mortar matrix is the same for all specimens. For tensile tests, results show that, after a mortar-cracking phase, a third, substantially linear phase, during which the textile response is dominant, occurred for specimens failed both for textile tensile rupture and textile slippage. For shear bond tests, results showed that increasing the reinforcement ratio tightening textile mesh is not as beneficial as increasing textile layers, i.e. active bond surfaces.

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Rampini, Marco Carlo, Giulio Zani, Louis Schouler, Matteo Colombo, and Marco di Prisco. "Effect of Textile Characteristics on the AR-Glass Fabric Efficiency." Textiles 1, no. 2 (September 14, 2021): 387–404. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/textiles1020020.

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Alkali-resistant (AR) glass textiles are used as the main reinforcement in several composite applications due to their good performance-to-cost ratio. A huge variety of textiles are already present in the market; they differ on various parameters, such as, for example, the filaments’ diameters, the geometry, the type of weaving, or the nature of the impregnation coating. To orient manufacturers towards the production of efficient textiles, the most important aspect is the balance between cost and performance. In this paper, a series of different fabrics designed for textile-reinforced cementitious composites were considered. Performance was assessed by means of uniaxial tensile tests and the results are presented in terms of load vs. displacement. Then, the selected AR-glass textiles were compared in terms of fabric efficiency, targeting the effect of each parameter on the textile capacity. The research here presented is part of a comprehensive campaign aimed at the optimization of glass-fabric-reinforced cementitious composites for structural retrofitting. To better discuss the different solutions tested, at the end, only considering a small number of the investigated textiles, an efficiency evaluation was carried out at the cementitious composite level.

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Ye, C. C., Janice M. Dulieu-Barton, A. R. Chambers, F. J. Lennard, and D. D. Eastop. "Condition Monitoring of Textiles Using Optical Techniques." Key Engineering Materials 413-414 (June 2009): 447–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.413-414.447.

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In the paper it is proposed to use fibre Bragg grating (FBG) sensors to monitor the deformation and strain in a woven textile. Non-contact digital image correlation (DIC) is used to validate the results. The principal objective of the work in this paper is to identify a suitable adhesive for attaching the FBG sensors to tapestries and textiles. To do this, the interfacial interactions of the optical fibre, the textile material and the necessary adhesive must be considered. The performance of two types of adhesive are studied: a PVA conservation adhesive and a two-part epoxy adhesive Araldite 2015. The effect of the application of the adhesives on the mechanical response of the textile is investigated. Full-field stain maps are obtained from the DIC and are used as the basis to characterise the behaviour of the FBG sensors/adhesive system. The strain transfer coefficients and a reinforcement factor are determined under quasi-static conditions. It is shown that the local reinforcement introduced is more significant in the specimen with the FBG bonded using the Araldite adhesive than those with conservation adhesives. Nevertheless, the Araldite adhesive has a better strain transfer coefficient than the conservation adhesive, although not as high as that expect with conventional engineering materials.

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Ortlepp, Regine. "Efficient Adaptive Test Method for Textile Development Length in TRC." Advances in Civil Engineering 2018 (July 15, 2018): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/4650102.

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Natural resources can be conserved if we carefully maintain the building stock and indeed extend the useful economic life of buildings. One way to achieve this is to enhance load-bearing structures by repair, restoration, or strengthening. Such upgrading often involves applying a strengthening to existing concrete elements. Over the past decade, textile-reinforced concrete (TRC), encompassing a combination of fine-grained concrete and noncorrosive multiaxial textile fabrics, has emerged as a promising novel alternative for strengthening of conventional steel-reinforced concrete (RC) structures, offering enhanced load-bearing capacity with minimal weight and stiffness change. Although TRC has been extensively researched during the last two decades, the formalization of experimental methods and design standards is still in progress. Attempts to design for good load transfer are often hindered by lack of knowledge regarding bond behaviour. For instance, there are neither standard recommendations nor proofs regarding the required development length of textile fibres in TRC for practical applications up to now. The aim of this work was to provide a test specification, which gives a direct result for the development length (required for the anchorage of a reinforcement, also referred to as “anchorage length”) of textile reinforcements in fine-grained concrete—quickly and easily. The aim of this paper was to present the test specification developed in a way that it is useful for the future work of other researchers as well as for construction engineers. Some selected experimental investigations with different textile reinforcements and different bonding properties were performed with the aim of showing the applicability of the proposed adaptive test specification. The results of these tests indicated that conventional AR glass and carbon fabrics without coating required large anchoring lengths. The tests further showed that an additional application of different kinds of coating to textile fabrics greatly increased the reinforcement’s resistance to pullout. This is of special interest for carbon fibres, which have a substantially higher strength than AR glass fibres and different bond behaviour; that is, carbon fibres have, by nature, larger development lengths.

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Stodola, Jiří, Alena Breznicka, Petr Stodola, and Jan Furch. "Modelling Material Parameters of Selected Composite Structures of Tires." Materials Science Forum 1020 (February 2021): 173–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.1020.173.

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The paper presents selected results of experimental and computational modelling of composite material samples of tires with cord ply (casing) and breaker textile reinforcement. The computational modelling included applications of finite element methods. The output is to determine and verify the influence of material parameters of textile reinforcement. The results were confirmed by the experiment and computational modelling verification. For elastomeric matrices hyperelastic behavioural patterns of this material were considered.

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Teymouri, Parisa, Mojdeh Zargaran, and Nader K. A. Attari. "Special Nylon Fabric as a New Material for Reinforcing Cement Composite." Advanced Materials Research 772 (September 2013): 167–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.772.167.

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Textile reinforced concrete (TRC) is a new composite material in structural engineering, in which textile fabrics are used as reinforcement. In recent years, much research has been done to investigate the bending behavior of TRC samples. The focus of this research is on the use of low performance yarns as reinforcement and investigating the effect of finesse of yarns and reinforcement ratio on the bending behavior of TRC samples. The comparison of samples strengthened with same number of fabric layers but made up different finesses show that ultimate strength of samples increases in the yarns with lower finesse. Meanwhile the results show that reinforcement ratio is an important factor on bending behavior of TRC samples and strain hardening behavior can be obtained in 1/15% of reinforcement ratio in coarser yarns.

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Becker, Marielies, Frank Ficker, Roxana Miksch, and Sabine Olbrich. "Custom-Made Reinforcement Structures Made of Inorganic Fibers Challenges, Chances and Technical Approaches." Key Engineering Materials 809 (June 2019): 167–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.809.167.

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Ceramic fibers are just as glass and basalt member of the group of inorganic fibers. Like most types of inorganic fibers ceramic fibers have a high tear resistance but a limited flexibility. [1] Ceramic fibers are characterized by their extraordinary high temperature and chemical resistance. These properties make them interesting for different high technical applications, as they occur in aerospace, chemical-and energy technology. In this field, they are applied especially as a reinforcement component in composite materials. Not only the partially high material price, but although the typical brittleness of ceramic fibers bring huge problems during the textile production chain, which limits the availability of complex textile preforms in the market. Often, a radical revision of the machine and processing concept is necessary to enable an economical production process. The Application Center for Textile Fiber Ceramics TFK at Fraunhofer-Center for High Temperature Materials and Design HTL develops and modifies textile production processes to make them suitable for the special requirements of ceramic fibers. One and multilayer woven fabrics, braids and tape structures for the winding process have already been successfully implemented. A further development complex is the intensive investigation of three-dimensional textile reinforcement structures. Regarding the high material costs, these research activities are very important. If the textile reinforcement is placed only where needed, the amount of used fiber material can be reduced significantly.

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Bel, Sylvain, Nahiene Hamila, and Philippe Boisse. "Analysis of Non-Crimp Fabric Composite Reinforcements Forming." Key Engineering Materials 504-506 (February 2012): 219–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.504-506.219.

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Abstract Two experimental devices are used for the analysis of the deformation mechanisms of biaxial non-crimp fabric composite reinforcements during preforming. The bias extension test, commonly use for the shear behaviour characterisation of woven fabrics, allows to highlight the sliding between the two plies of the reinforcement. This sliding is localized in areas of high gradient of shearing. This questions the use of bias extension test in determining the shear stiffness of the studied reinforcement. Then a hemispherical stamping experiment, representative of a preforming process, allows to quantify this sliding. The slippage is defined as the distance, projected onto the middle surface, of two points initially opposed on both sides of the reinforcement. For both experiments, the characteristic behavior of the non-crimp fabric reinforcement is highlighted by comparison with a woven textile reinforcement. This woven fabric presents only a very little sliding between warp and weft yarns during preforming. This aspect of the deformation kinematics of the non-crimp fabric reinforcement must be considered when simulating the preforming.

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Axinte, Andrei, Liliana Bejan, Nicolae Ţăranu, and Victoria Roșca. "Particularities of Modelling the Mechanical Properties of Woven Composite Fabrics." Applied Mechanics and Materials 809-810 (November 2015): 560–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.809-810.560.

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The mechanical properties of composite fabrics rely on a fabric made by a textile weaving process. In order to use their special ability of being drapeable, instead of just plain weave fabrics, satin or twill reinforcement can be selected. Although some other advantages of the resulting composite, such as good impact resistance or damage tolerance are similar to all woven reinforcement composites, the superior drapeability of satin is a major reason to favour this type of textile reinforcement. This paper is focused on the modelling procedures of stiffness characteristics, specific to satin reinforced laminated composites, using a semi-discrete approach. This method is a compromise between the continuous and pure discrete approaches and is associated with a mesoscopic analysis of the repetitive unit cell (RUC). The elastic properties of the textile reinforced epoxy composite, namely longitudinal modulus and transverse modulus, in case of carbon and fibre glass based 5-harness satin reinforcement, are determined. The differences between the two resulting composite materials and the influence of the various geometric and material parameters involved are studied.

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Wucher, B., S. Hallström, D. Dumas, T. Pardoen, C. Bailly, Ph Martiny, and F. Lani. "Nonconformal mesh-based finite element strategy for 3D textile composites." Journal of Composite Materials 51, no. 16 (September 20, 2016): 2315–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0021998316669875.

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A finite element procedure is developed for the computation of the thermoelastic properties of textile composites with complex and compact two- and three-dimensional woven reinforcement architectures. The purpose of the method is to provide estimates of the properties of the composite with minimum geometrical modeling effort. The software TexGen is used to model simplified representations of complex textiles. This results in severe yarn penetrations, which prevent conventional meshing. A non-conformal meshing strategy is adopted, where the mesh is refined at material interfaces. Penetrations are mitigated by using an original local correction of the material properties of the yarns to account for the true fiber content. The method is compared to more sophisticated textile modeling approaches and successfully assessed towards experimental data selected from the literature.

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Colombo, Isabella, Matteo Colombo, Anna Magri, Giulio Zani, and Marco di Prisco. "Textile Reinforced Mortar at High Temperatures." Applied Mechanics and Materials 82 (July 2011): 202–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.82.202.

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Textile Reinforced Mortar (TRM) is a composite made by fine grained matrix and glass fabric reinforcement. The main advantages of this material are the reinforcement orientation in the tensile stress direction, no concrete cover requirement against corrosion and the capability to produce thin and light weight elements. Special attention was given by researchers to the time dependent loss in strength of AR-glass reinforcement embedded in a cement based matrix. Some research has shown durability models to calculate the amount to the strength loss related to material, humidity and temperature. Nevertheless, the behaviour of TRM when exposed to high temperature requires further investigations. A suitable experimental programme was planned to investigate the behaviour of TRM when exposed to high temperatures. Uniaxial tensile tests were performed after thermal cycle on 400 mm x 70 mm specimens 6 mm thick, reinforced with 2 layer of AR-glass fabric. Several thermal thresholds (20, 200, 400 and 600°C) were considered for the mechanical characterization in fire condition. Thermal cycles were performed in an oven using a heating rate of 30°C/h up to the maximum temperature and by a cooling branch at 15°C/h after a stabilization phase at the maximum temperature.

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Lam, S. W., X. M. Tao, and T. X. Yu. "Cellular Textile Composites with Non-woven Fabric Reinforcement." Textile Research Journal 76, no. 10 (October 2006): 765–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0040517507068543.

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Nguyen, Q. T., E. Vidal-Sallé, P. Boisse, C. H. Park, A. Saouab, J. Bréard, and G. Hivet. "Mesoscopic scale analyses of textile composite reinforcement compaction." Composites Part B: Engineering 44, no. 1 (January 2013): 231–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.compositesb.2012.05.028.

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Möller, Bernd, Wolfgang Graf, Andreas Hoffmann, and Frank Steinigen. "Numerical simulation of RC structures with textile reinforcement." Computers & Structures 83, no. 19-20 (July 2005): 1659–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.compstruc.2004.11.024.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Textile reinforcement'

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