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Journal articles on the topic 'The 1800s'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 5 February 2022

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1

Joseph, John E. "Language Pedagogy and Political-Cognitive Autonomy in Mid-19th Century Geneva." Historiographia Linguistica 39, no. 2-3 (2012): 259–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/hl.39.2-3.04jos.

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Summary Charles-Louis Longchamp (1802–1874) was the dominant figure in Latin studies in Geneva in the 1850s and 1860s and had a formative influence on the Latin teachers of Ferdinand de Saussure (1857–1913). Longchamp’s work was in the grammaire générale tradition, which, on account of historical anomalies falling out from the Genevese Revolution of 1846 to 1848, was still being taught in Geneva up to the mid-1870s, despite having been put aside in France in the 1830s and 1840s. Longchamp succeeded briefly in getting his Latin grammars onto the school curriculum, replacing those imported from

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2

Klyza, Christopher McGrory. "Ideas, Institutions, and Policy Patterns: Hardrock Mining, Forestry, and Grazing Policy on United States Public Lands, 1870–1985." Studies in American Political Development 8, no. 2 (1994): 341–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0898588x00001279.

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From the mid–1800s through the mid–1980s, the federal government initiated programs to manage three types of resources on the lands that it controlled. The discovery of gold in California and elsewhere in the West prompted the first government policy in the 1860s. Debate over the nation's forests began in the 1870s, and a system of national forests to be managed by a federal Forest Service was created in the late 1800s and early 1900s. And in the 1930s, the government finally began to manage the lands no one wanted, its grazing lands. The federal government continues to be an active manager of

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3

McDonald, S. W. "Glasgow Resurrectionists." Scottish Medical Journal 42, no. 3 (1997): 84–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/003693309704200307.

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The Napoleonic Wars and the colonial campaigns of the early 1800s created a great need for surgical training. Many of the cadavers used in Glasgow s schools of Anatomy were resurrected from local churchyards or imported from Ireland. In the 1820s, the activities of some resurrectionists showed gross insensitivity, with bodies being stolen before the funeral. In the early 1830s, cholera riots and the fear of “burking ” led to the Anatomy Bill of 1832 receiving the Royal Assent.

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Candier, Aurore. "Mapping ethnicity in nineteenth-century Burma: When ‘categories of people’ (lumyo) became ‘nations’." Journal of Southeast Asian Studies 50, no. 3 (2019): 347–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022463419000419.

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Successive wars and the establishment of a border between the kingdom of Burma and British India in the nineteenth century challenged Burmese conceptions of sovereignty and political space. This essay investigates how European, and more specifically Anglo-American, notions of race, nation, and consular protection to nationals, progressively informed the Burmese concepts of ‘categories of people’ (lumyo) and ‘subject’ (kyun). First, I present the semantic evolution of these concepts in the 1820s–1830s, following the annexation of the western Burmese province of Arakan by British India in 1824.

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Holmén, Janne. "Time and Space in Time and Space." Contributions to the History of Concepts 15, no. 2 (2020): 105–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.3167/choc.2020.150206.

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Mental maps and historical consciousness, which describe the spatial and temporal dimensions of worldviews, are not, as commonly stated, twentieth century concepts. Historical consciousness was coined simultaneously by several German scholars in the mid-1800s. Mental maps, used in English since the 1820s, had a prominent role in US geography education from the 1880s. Since then, the concepts have traveled between practical-technical, educational, and academic vocabularies, cross fertilizing fields and contributing to the formation of new research questions. However, when these initial periods

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6

MEARDON, STEPHEN. "RECIPROCITY AND HENRY C. CAREY’S TRAVERSES ON “THE ROAD TO PERFECT FREEDOM OF TRADE”." Journal of the History of Economic Thought 33, no. 3 (2011): 307–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1053837211000228.

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Free trade and protectionist doctrines have long had ambiguous relationships to bilateral trade deals, known throughout the nineteenth century as “reciprocity” arrangements. Henry C. Carey, “the Ajax of Protection” in the nineteenth-century United States, embodies the ambiguity from one side of the controversy. Carey’s early adulthood in the mid- to late 1820s was a time when the forerunners of the Whig Party pursued reciprocity at least partly as a means of fostering protection. In the 1830s, Carey, too, endorsed reciprocity—because he stood for free trade and believed reciprocity would promo

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Wiles, Gregory C., Rosanne D. D'Arrigo, and Gordon C. Jacoby. "Temperature changes along the Gulf of Alaska and the Pacific Northwest coast modeled from coastal tree rings." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 26, no. 3 (1996): 474–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/x26-053.

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Warm-season (April–September) temperature models based on a network of coastal ring-width and maximum latewood density tree-ring chronologies are the first reconstructions for coastal stations along the Gulf of Alaska and the Pacific Northwest. These well-verified temperature models are consistent with long climatic series from coastal stations and other proxy data from the Pacific coast. Cool summers during the 1850s and late 1800s in the Gulf of Alaska correspond to general glacier advance from the region. The Pacific Northwest reconstruction shows summer temperatures cooling in the early 18

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Campen, James T., and Anne Mayhew. "The National Banking System and Southern Economic Growth: Evidence from One Southern City, 1870–1900." Journal of Economic History 48, no. 1 (1988): 127–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022050700004186.

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Evidence from banks in one southern city casts doubt upon the view that the quasi-monopolistic structure of the national banking system financed American industrialization by depriving southern and western regions of relatively inexpensive money. An increased number of national banks were lending much more locally in the 1880s and 1890s in Knoxville, Tennessee, than they were in the 1860s and 1870s. The national banking expansion and associated expansion in the number of state-chartered banks appear to have resulted from a local boom rather than from removal of barriers to entry.

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Simard, Hélène, and André Bouchard. "The precolonial 19th century forest of the Upper St. Lawrence Region of Quebec; a record of its exploitation and transformation through notary deeds of wood sales." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 26, no. 9 (1996): 1670–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/x26-188.

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A method based upon the use of wood sales, recorded by notary deeds, was used to describe how the precolonial forest of the Upper St. Lawrence Region of Québec changed during the 19th century. The notary deeds, covering the period of 1800 to 1880, are conserved in the National Archives of Quebec, in Montréal. Wood sales of the different species were compared, for each decade, as well as the fluctuations of volumes sold in relation to price. The results show a succession of species, appearing and disappearing, in the recorded wood sales. The sales began, in the early 1800s, with bur oak (Quercu

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10

Souza, Roberto Acízelo de, and José Luís Jobim. "BRAZILIAN LITERARY CRITICISM AND HISTORIOGRAPHY." Revista Brasileira de Literatura Comparada 22, no. 41 (2020): 37–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/2596-304x20202241rac.

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Abstract: In Brazil literary studies, after scant manifestations in the colonial period, represented by the activity of literary academies founded in the 18th century only really expanded in the course of the 19th century. National literary production grew in quantity and quality, as did literary studies, which, on the one hand, were demanded by this production- that, after all, needed to be studied and evaluated -, but, on other hand, stimulated this creativity, as they established as a criterion of value the alignment of fiction, poetry and dramaturgy with the nationalist agenda. As a result

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11

Greene, Diana. "Gender and Genre in Pavlova's A Double Life." Slavic Review 54, no. 3 (1995): 563–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2501736.

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The literary reputation of Karolina Pavlova (1807-1893) has fluctuated considerably over the years: she was praised in the 1830s, 1840s and early 1850s, reviled in the 1860s as unprogressive and consigned to oblivion from the 1870s until her death in 1893. At the turn of the century she was rediscovered by the Russian symbolists: Poliakov, Blok and Bely praised her, and Valerii Briusov edited a two-volume edition of her work (1915). Women poets of the time, such as Cherubina de Gabriak (Elisaveta Vasil'eva), Akhmatova, Tsvetaeva and Parnok, cited her and dedicated poems to her. After the revol

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Greenfield, Jerome. "The Origins of the Interventionist State in France, 1830–1870*." English Historical Review 135, no. 573 (2020): 386–416. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ehr/ceaa130.

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Abstract The historiography of the French state’s economic interventionism has focused primarily on the Ancien Régime and the period from the 1850s into the twentieth century. This article argues that, though often overlooked, the French state embarked on a major expansion in the 1830s and 1840s, as government spending on public works grew sharply. Most notably, the government contributed to the financing of railways and urban improvements. Following the 1848 revolution, rising pressure for fiscal rectitude forced a reconfiguration of the interventionist Orleanist state. While the new Bonapart

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Quinn, Norman W. S. "Reconstructing Changes in Abundance of White-tailed Deer, Odocoileus virginianus, Moose, Alces alces, and Beaver, Castor canadensis, in Algonquin Park, Ontario, 1860-2004." Canadian Field-Naturalist 119, no. 3 (2005): 330. http://dx.doi.org/10.22621/cfn.v119i3.142.

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The history of White-tailed Deer, Odocoileus virginianus, Moose, Alces alces, and Beaver, Castor canadensis, in Algonquin Park since the 1860s is reviewed and placed in the context of changes to the forest, weather, and parasitic disease. Deer seem to have been abundant in the late 1800s and early 1900s whereas Moose were also common but less so than deer. Deer declined through the 1920s as Moose probably increased. Deer had recovered by the 1940s when Moose seem to have been scarce. The deer population declined again in the 1960s, suffered major mortality in the early 1970s, and has never rec

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14

Staton, Maria. "The Indian Maiden on the American stage, 1800s-1850s." Humanities Directory 2, no. 1 (2014): 3–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.7563/hd_02_01_01.

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Mcnamara, Kenneth, and Frances Dodds. "The Early History of Palaeontology in Western Australia: 1791-1899." Earth Sciences History 5, no. 1 (1986): 24–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.17704/eshi.5.1.t85384660311h176.

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The exploration of the coast of Western Australia by English and French explorers in the late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries led to the first recorded discoveries of fossiliferous rocks in Western Australia. The first forty years of exploration and discovery of fossil sites in the State was restricted entirely to the coast of the Continent. Following the establishment of permanent settlements in the 1820s the first of the inland fossil localities were located in the 1830s, north of Albany, and north of Perth. As new land was surveyed; particularly north of Perth, principally by the

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Gahlon, Hailey L. "A Brief History and Practical Applications in DNA Extraction." CHIMIA International Journal for Chemistry 74, no. 11 (2020): 907–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.2533/chimia.2020.907.

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In the late 1860s, DNA was first identified by the Swiss physician and biochemist Friedrich Miescher. Since this time, we have solved its structure, learned how DNA divides in our cells, and elucidated molecular mechanisms for the transmission of our hereditary information. Fundamental to all these discoveries is the ability to extract our DNA in high purity. In laboratories today, DNA extraction is a routine practice performed from readily available commercial kits. However, in the late 1800s, DNA extraction was an emerging method that required tedious laboratory approaches.

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Zheng, J., Z. Hua, Y. Liu, and Z. Hao. "Temperature changes derived from phenological and natural evidences in South Central China from 1850 to 2008." Climate of the Past Discussions 11, no. 4 (2015): 4077–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/cpd-11-4077-2015.

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Abstract. The annual temperature anomalies in South Central China from 1850 to 2008 were reconstructed by synthesizing three types of proxies: the spring phenodate of plants recorded in historical personal diaries and observations; the snowfall days extracted from historical archives and observed at meteorological stations; and five tree-ring width chronologies. The instrumental observation data and the leave-one-out method were used for calibration and validation. The results show that the temperature series in South Central China exhibits inter-annual and decadal fluctuations since 1850 (e.g

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18

Colman, Patty R. "John Ballard and the African American Community in Los Angeles, 1850–1905." Southern California Quarterly 94, no. 2 (2012): 193–229. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/scq.2012.94.2.193.

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John Ballard, an African American pioneer from Kentucky, became a leader of Los Angeles's black community, 1850s–1870s. His story illustrates the early opportunities for black Angelenos in institution-formation, political activism, property ownership, and economic success. However, with the railroad booms of the 1870s and 1880s, Ballard and other prominent black citizens suffered a loss of social and economic status. Ballard ended up homesteading in the Santa Monica Mountains.

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19

Laroque, Colin P., and Dan J. Smith. "Tree-ring analysis of yellow-cedar (Chamaecyparis nootkatensis) on Vancouver Island, British Columbia." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 29, no. 1 (1999): 115–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/x98-185.

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Yellow-cedar (Chamaecyparis nootkatensis (D. Don) Spach) are the oldest known coniferous trees in Canada. This paper reports on the first dendrochronological investigation of yellow-cedar trees at montane sites on Vancouver Island. Mature yellow-cedar trees were selected for study at four sites along a 200-km northwest-southeast transect. Trees older than 500 years were common at three of the four sites, with numerous individuals older than 750 years identified. Carefully prepared cores proved well suited for ring-width measurement, with 220 cores from 156 trees included in our final four chro

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Liang, Hao, Yun Tan, Fang Ju Zhang, and Kai Zhang. "Compressive Properties of Mg-3Al-2Zn-2Y Alloy at Different Strain Rates." Applied Mechanics and Materials 327 (June 2013): 13–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.327.13.

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The compressive properties of Mg-3Al-2Zn-2Y alloy at room temperature at strain rates in range of 0.001s-1~4800s-1were investigated. To the alloy compressed at 1300s-1, its basal and non-basal slip produce the mixed dislocation configuration including parallel, bended and tangled dislocation. There is significant twinning in the alloys compressed at 1800s-1and 4800s-1. The flow stress and ultimate trength show the strain rate hardening behavior at the range of 0.001s-1~1800s-1. There appears localized deformation zones formed with recrystal grains and twin crystals in the alloy compressed at 4

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21

Duggan, Christopher. "Francesco Crispi's relationship with Britain: from admiration to disillusionment." Modern Italy 16, no. 4 (2011): 427–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13532944.2011.611226.

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This article examines the changing attitude of the Sicilian statesman Francesco Crispi towards Britain between the 1850s and the end of the century. While Crispi had enormous admiration for Britain, and recognised that Italy had much to learn from its political system, he also acknowledged that the British constitution was the product of a long process of historical evolution and could never be imitated slavishly in Italy. From the end of the 1870s in particular, Crispi felt that Italy could not concede the degree of freedom permitted in Britain until the state had completed its work of what h

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Sene, K., B. Piper, D. Wykeham, R. T. McSweeney, W. Tych, and K. Beven. "Long-term variations in the net inflow record for Lake Malawi." Hydrology Research 48, no. 3 (2016): 851–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/nh.2016.143.

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Lake Malawi is the third largest lake in Africa and plays an important role in water supply, hydropower generation, agriculture and fisheries in the region. Lake level observations started in the 1890s and anecdotal evidence of variations dates back to the early 1800s. A chronology of lake level and outflow variations is presented together with updated estimates for the net inflow to the lake. The inflow series and selected rainfall records were also analysed using an unobserved component approach and, although there was little evidence of long-term trends, there was some indication of increas

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Harley, C. Knick. "International Competitiveness of the Antebellum American Cotton Textile Industry." Journal of Economic History 52, no. 3 (1992): 559–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022050700011396.

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Although the American cotton textile industry was heavily protected, most commentators, following Frank Taussig's lead, have concluded that indigenous technological advance made large branches of the industry internationally competitive by the 1830s. The prices of equivalent fabrics in Britain and America in the late 1840s and 1850s challenge that conclusion. “Domestic” fabrics, in which American mills had supposedly become competitive, cost 20 percent more in America. Critical reexamination of other evidence—cost comparisons from the 1830s and American exports—supports the conclusion that an

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WENZLHUEMER, ROLAND. "Indian Labour Immigration and British Labour Policy in Nineteenth-Century Ceylon." Modern Asian Studies 41, no. 3 (2007): 575–602. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0026749x06002538.

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During most of the nineteenth century, the economy of the British crown colony Ceylon depended almost exclusively on the export of plantation products. After modest beginnings in the 1820s and 1830s, coffee cultivation spread on the island in the 1840s. During the 1880s, the coffee plantations were superseded by plantations of a new crop—tea. Both cultivation systems were almost pure export monocultures, and both relied almost exclusively on imported wage labour from South India. Thus, it is surprising that labour immigration—a process vital to the efficient functioning of the plantation econo

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Shaidurov, Vladimir. "Jews and Gypsies of Siberia: on the Question of the Military Cantonists of the 1830s — 1850s." OOO "Zhurnal "Voprosy Istorii" 2021, no. 03 (2021): 143–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.31166/voprosyistorii202103statyi16.

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In the first third of the 19th century, the ethnic composition of Siberia underwent significant changes due to the emergence of new ethno dispersed groups. Among these ethno dispersed groups, Jews and Gypsies stood out in particular. The national policy of Emperor Nicholas I was oriented towards the homogenization of society. This policy of the Russian emperor was reflected in the duty of citizens to serve in the army. The obligation to send children to cantonists was extended to Jews and Gypsies of Siberia. Some of the so-called “soldiers of the era of Emperor Nicholas I” in the 1860s - 1880s

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Liu, Yu, Qiufang Cai, Jiangfeng Shi, et al. "Seasonal precipitation in the south-central Helan Mountain region, China, reconstructed from tree-ring width for the past 224 years." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 35, no. 10 (2005): 2403–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/x05-168.

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Chinese pine (Pinus tabulaeformis Carr.) trees from the Helan Mountain range in central China have been used to reconstruct total JanuaryJuly precipitation from AD 1775 to 1998. For the calibration period R2adj = 0.52. Narrow rings are associated with below-average precipitation from March through August. Wide rings are produced in years when the East Asian summer monsoon front arrives early. We use local historical writings over the last 300 years about extreme climatic conditions between spring and early summer to verify the extreme years. Most of the extreme dry years could be identified i

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Strauven, Wanda. "Sewing machines and weaving looms: a media archaeological encounter between fashion and film." Journal of Visual Culture 19, no. 3 (2020): 362–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1470412920964905.

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This article proposes thinking of media archaeology as an operating table upon which historical, material and technological interconnections between fashion and film are made. By exploring how early cinema and digital film can be coupled to textile as technology, more specifically through the mechanisms of the sewing machine and the Jacquard loom, it extends the historical span from the mid-1890s, with the invention of cinema as projection, to the early 1800s, when computational thinking was successfully implemented as weaving technique. Instead of focusing on film and fashion as means of visu

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Hohmann-Vogrin, Anna M. "Graz Grunderzeit." STORIA URBANA, no. 120 (July 2009): 185–206. http://dx.doi.org/10.3280/su2008-120009.

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- Graz in the Gründerzeit, the Era of Industrial Development Graz was an important military stronghold and commercial center in the mining basin of Styria. Archduke Johann of Hapsburg promoted the building of its first railway line in 1844, which was linked to the Vienna-Trieste line in 1857. Members of the rich industrial bourgeoisie were able to make investments that helped expand the city outside the walls, beginning with the 1830s. Graz's urban development plans were guided by criteria modeled after those of the Ring in Vienna. In the latter 1800s, Graz's projects for dealing with its incr

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Beltran-Garcia, Miguel J., and James F. White. "Introduction to Special Issue: Plant Microbiome Augmentation and Stimulation—New Strategies to Grow Crops with Reduced Agrochemicals." Microorganisms 9, no. 9 (2021): 1887. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms9091887.

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Farr, Kathryn Ann. "Shaping Policy Through Litigation: Abortion Law in the United States." Crime & Delinquency 39, no. 2 (1993): 167–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0011128793039002003.

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The criminalization of abortion in the United States began in the early 1800s and was nearly universal by the late 1800s. It was not until the middle of the 1900s that abortion reform gained momentum, culminating in 1973 in the Roe v. Wade decision that protected women's right to abortion. In this article it is argued that since Roe, litigation has been increasingly used to shape abortion policy. The rise of such litigation, as well as the kinds of issues and concerns raised by litigants, are described. The role played by the Supreme Court in changing the legal status of abortion is examined.

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Houston, James. "SHORELINE RESPONSE TO FUTURE SEA LEVEL RISE." Coastal Engineering Proceedings, no. 36 (December 30, 2018): 60. http://dx.doi.org/10.9753/icce.v36.sediment.60.

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Florida, United States, has shoreline change measurements starting in the 1800s with spacing of about every 300 m. In addition, due to extensive shoreline development and tourism, processes causing shoreline change have been studied extensively. The 1160-km east and 275-km southwest shorelines advanced seaward on average from the 1800s even before widespread beach nourishment and despite sea level rise. Shoreline advance despite sea level rise has been noted along other coasts such as the Netherlands central coast (Stive and de Vriend, 1995). In contrast, the 335-km Florida west coast retreate

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Hattery, Eleanor, Tiffany Nguyen, Aaron Baker, and Tina Palmieri. "Burn Care in the 1800s." Journal of Burn Care & Research 36, no. 1 (2015): 236–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/bcr.0000000000000112.

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Gagnon, Hervé. "The Natural History Society of Montreal's Museum and the Socio-Economic Significance of Museums in 19th-Century Canada." Scientia Canadensis 18, no. 2 (2009): 103–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/800382ar.

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ABSTRACT The Natural History Society of Montreal's Museum, the first science museum in Montreal, was led, throughout the first half of the 19th century, by members of the local anglophone bourgeoisie. It temporarily prospered with the increased involvement of the Geological Survey of Canada with the Society during the 1850s and 1860s, until the economic crisis of the 1870s and the departure of the Survey for Ottawa in 1881 restored it to its amateur status.

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Ramsay, Jacob. "Extortion and Exploitation in the Nguyên Campaign against Catholicism in 1830s–1840s Vietnam." Journal of Southeast Asian Studies 35, no. 2 (2004): 311–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022463404000165.

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Preoccupied with French mission agitation in the late 1850s and during the Franco-Spanish invasion of southern Vietnam, scholarship has long neglected the dramatic change taking place in preceding decades at the local level between Catholics and mainstream society. Exploring negotiation between Catholic communities and authorities, as well as organisational shifts in mission activity, this article brings into sharper focus the turmoil of the late 1830s and 1840s Nguyên repression of Catholicism.

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Gooday, Graeme. "‘Nature’ in the laboratory: domestication and discipline with the microscope in Victorian life science." British Journal for the History of Science 24, no. 3 (1991): 307–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007087400027382.

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What sort of activities took place in the academic laboratories developed for teaching the natural sciences in Britain between the 1860s and 1880s? What kind of social and instrumental regimes were implemented to make them meaningful and efficient venues of experimental instruction? As humanly constructed sites of experiment how were the metropolitan institutional contexts of these laboratories engineered to make them legitimate places to study ‘Nature’? Previous studies have documented chemists' effective use of regimented quantitative analysis in their laboratory teaching from the 1820s, but

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Rowse, Tim, and Tiffany Shellam. "The Colonial Emergence of a Statistical Imaginary." Comparative Studies in Society and History 55, no. 4 (2013): 922–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0010417513000467.

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AbstractIntellectual networks linking humanitarians in Britain, Western Australia, and New Zealand in the 1850s and 1860s operationalized the concept of native “protection” by arguing contra demographic pessimists that native peoples could survive if their adaptation was thoughtfully managed. While the population-measurement capacities of the colonial governments of Western Australia and New Zealand were still weak, missionaries pioneered the gathering of the data that enabled humanitarians to objectify natives as populations. This paper focuses on Francis Dart Fenton (in New Zealand), Florenc

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Casteras, Susan P. "John Everett Millais' “Secret-Looking Garden Wall” and the Courtship Barrier in Victorian Art." Browning Institute Studies 13 (1985): 71–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s009247250000537x.

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The Victorians Were obsessed with themes of love and courtship, which dominated the walls of the Royal Academy in increasing numbers from the middle of the century to its end. While in the early 1800s a canvas with such a subject was often entitled something like The Marriage of Bacchus and Ariadne, Cupid and Psyche, or Scipio Restoring the Captive Princess to her Lover, by the 1840s the pictorial interest had shifted to essentially bourgeois portrayals. With each year thetally of courtship themes escalated, vignettes of lovelorn maidens appearing on exhibition walls alongside canvases with lu

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Ross, Danielle M. "Muslim Charity under Russian Rule: Waqf, Sadaqa, and Zakat in Imperial Russia." Islamic Law and Society 24, no. 1-2 (2017): 77–111. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15685195-02412p04.

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This article examines the development of Muslim charitable practices in the Russian Empire (Volga-Ural region, Siberia and the northern Kazakh Steppe) from the Russian conquest of Kazan in 1552 to the 1917 Russian Revolution. Building upon existing research on charity in those regions, it argues that Russian rule from the 1550s to the mid-1800s created the basis for a range of locally-organized charity-based economies for meeting the religious, cultural, and social needs of Muslim communities in a non-Muslim state. Though these economies differed somewhat in organization, all were structured a

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Lei, Siyu, and Huayong Li. "Culturomics: The Diachronic Spreading of Confucianism and Taoism in the UK and the USA, 1800s–2000s." English Language and Literature Studies 9, no. 3 (2019): 8. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/ells.v9n3p8.

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After being introduced to the USA and the UK, Confucianism and Taoism are more and more popular and have more influence, which are reflected in the rising trend of the keywords related to Confucianism and Taoism in the Google English books from 1800s to 2000s. Based on corpora GBAE and GBBE, the author studies the diachronic spreading of Confucianism and Taoism in the UK and the USA. It is found that: (1) Confucianism and Taoism are more welcomed in the UK than in the USA; (2) compared with Taoism, Confucianism is more popular in the UK and the USA; (3) Confucius is more popular both in the UK

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Ross, Travis E. "Continuity in Any Language." Southern California Quarterly 96, no. 2 (2014): 141–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/scq.2014.96.2.141.

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This article analyzes the memories of pre-1848 Alta California recounted in the 1870s to Hubert Howe Bancroft’s agent Thomas Savage by a multiethnic group of men and women. The narrators, regardless of ethnic origin, overwhelmingly told stories that insisted on continuity between Alta California in the 1830s and 1840s and the US state birthed in the late 1840s. Even if they had been on opposing sides of political upheavals, they all insisted that their altruistic efforts had helped to transition California peacefully from Mexican rule to home rule and from home rule to US control while preserv

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Webb, James L. A. "The Trade in Gum Arabic: Prelude to French Conquest in Senegal." Journal of African History 26, no. 2-3 (1985): 149–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021853700036914.

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From the late seventeenth century until the 1870s gum arabic from the southwestern corner of the Sahara was the most important trade good exported to Europe from Mauritania and Senegal. This article discusses the dynamics of the gum trading system based in Saint Louis du Senegal, and details the commercial crisis in which the French colony was mired in the late 1830s and 1840s. Pressure from French capital and from Faidherbe's military forces secured the dominance of the import-export houses, as African river traders and desert gum merchants lost the advantages of their market positions. By th

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Skaggs, Neil T. "The Methodological Roots of J. Laurence Laughlin's Anti-quantity Theory of Money and Prices." Journal of the History of Economic Thought 17, no. 1 (1995): 1–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1053837200002261.

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From the 1880s until after the creation of the Federal Reserve System in 1913 the United States was a hotbed of monetary controversy. The secular price deflation that began in 1865 prompted a host of efforts to increase the money supply, in the belief that more money would check the decline of prices. The agitation for free coinage of silver that arose in the 1870s and carried into the 1880s and 1890s generated a maelstrom of arguments and counterarguments. Such theoretical support as the “cheap money advocates” provided was in the form of a crude application of the quantity theory of money. N

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JOHNSON, JAMES H. "Urban development and the culture of masked balls in nineteenth-century Paris." Urban History 40, no. 4 (2013): 646–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0963926813000205.

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ABSTRACTThis article links the nature of commercial masked balls in Paris in the 1830s and 1840s to urban development during these decades. The raucous and often destructive character of the balls, which united elites and popular classes under the mask's anonymity, coincided with a society undergoing social and political upheaval. The dress and conduct of revellers were expressions of their ambitions, fears and resentments. Changes in the urban landscape of the 1820s and 1830s – in particular, the construction of the grands boulevards and alignment of theatres sponsoring masked balls along thi

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Chalimah, Fithriana. "Catechism of the Catholic Church in Science in 1800s in Spain reflected in Hugh Hudson’s Finding Altamira 2016." CLLiENT (Culture, Literature, Linguistics, and English Teaching) 2, no. 02 (2020): 78–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.32699/cllient.v2i02.1954.

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This paper explains about the reflection of Catechism of the Catholic Church in Science in 1800s in Spain of Hugh Hudson’s Finding Altamira (2016). The researcher uses qualitative data to analyze the data. The procedure of collecting uses watching, reading, identifying, classifying and identifying. The method of analyzing data in this research use displaying, explaining and interpreting. The aim of this study is to find: the first is the relation between the pastor and the scientists in 1800s, and the second is Catechism of Catholic church represented in Hugh Hudson’s Finding Altamira 2016. In

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Ainsworth, Scott. "Lobbyists as Interest Group Entrepreneurs: The Mobilization of Union Veterans." American Review of Politics 16 (July 1, 1995): 107–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.15763/issn.2374-7781.1995.16.0.107-129.

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Numerous scholars view the late 1800s as a period o f considerable party influence and little group influence. I show that in the area o f pension policies for Union veterans, entrepreneurial group politics thrived in the late 1800s and rivalled party influence. A rational choice framework is used to analyze the ability of a lobbyist entrepreneur to profit from the complex interactions between Union veterans, Congress, the Pension Bureau, and the Grand Army of the Republic (GAR). I argue that lobbyist entrepreneurs operate with recognition of the opportunities for delegation from individuals t

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Teslya, Andrey. "The Place of Slavophilism in the Typology of Conservatism." Stasis 10, no. 2 (2021): 13–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.33280/2310-3817-2020-10-2-13-40.

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In the history of political thought, Russian Slavophilism of the period from 1840s till 1880s has two established traditions of interpretation: as a variant of conservative ideology and as one form of Russian liberalism of the 1840s, along with Westernism (in this case, the later history of Slavophilism, i.e. the period between 1860s and 1880s, is viewed as a departure from initially liberal stances. Beginning with the framework of Andrzej Walicki, the article attempts to demonstrate the underpinnings of this peculiar duality of evaluations. Slavophilism is understood as liberal conservatism;

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Poage, Nathan J., Peter J. Weisberg, Peter C. Impara, John C. Tappeiner, and Thomas S. Sensenig. "Influences of climate, fire, and topography on contemporary age structure patterns of Douglas-fir at 205 old forest sites in western Oregon." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 39, no. 8 (2009): 1518–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/x09-071.

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Knowledge of forest development is basic to understanding the ecology, dynamics, and management of forest ecosystems. We hypothesized that the age structure patterns of Douglas-fir at 205 old forest sites in western Oregon are extremely variable with long and (or) multiple establishment periods common, and that these patterns reflect variation in regional-scale climate, landscape-scale topography, and landscape-scale fire history. We used establishment dates for 5892 individual Douglas-firs from these sites to test these hypotheses. We identified four groups of old forest sites with fundamenta

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Klein, Alice. "Predicting megastorms from 1800s ships' logs." New Scientist 237, no. 3165 (2018): 7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0262-4079(18)30284-7.

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Laud, Leslie E. "Moral Education in America: 1600s–1800s." Journal of Education 179, no. 2 (1997): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/002205749717900202.

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This article reviews moral education in America from colonial times through the late nineteenth century. An analysis of laws, school rules, teaching methods, curricular materials, and views of prominent thinkers reveals that the inculcation of morality was the central purpose of education during this time. In conclusion, the article suggests how the past can serve to inform and to direct the present.

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Dowd, Timothy J. "Culture and commodifictation: technology and structural power in the early US recording industry." International Journal of Sociology and Social Policy 22, no. 1/2/3 (2002): 106–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/01443330210789979.

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Draws on Neo‐Weberian theory to argue that commodification is itself a cultural process, whilst not discounting the potentially negative effect of commercialisation. Examines product conception in the early US recording industry citing three disparate periods. Shows that in the late 1870s, recording firms sold and leased phonographs to entrepreneurs for public exhibitions, the the late 1880s firms leased phonographs and graphophones for dictation purpose and in the 1890s, firms exploited the phonograph by offering musical recordings. Concludes that structural power helped shape the product con

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