Academic literature on the topic 'The 1960s and 1970s'
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Journal articles on the topic "The 1960s and 1970s"
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Eero, Margit. "Reconstructing the population dynamics of sprat (Sprattus sprattus balticus) in the Baltic Sea in the 20th century." ICES Journal of Marine Science 69, no. 6 (2012): 1010–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fss051.
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Abstract Eero, M. 2012. Reconstructing the population dynamics of sprat (Sprattus sprattus balticus) in the Baltic Sea in the 20th century. – ICES Journal of Marine Science, 69: 1010–1018 . Long time-series of population dynamics are increasingly needed in order to understand human impacts on marine ecosystems and support their sustainable management. In this study, the estimates of sprat (Sprattus sprattus balticus) biomass in the Baltic Sea were extended back from the beginning of ICES stock assessments in 1974 to the early 1900s. The analyses identified peaks in sprat spawner biomass in the beginning of the 1930s, 1960s, and 1970s at ∼900 kt. Only a half of that biomass was estimated for the late 1930s, for the period from the late 1940s to the mid-1950s, and for the mid-1960s. For the 1900s, fisheries landings suggest a relatively high biomass, similar to the early 1930s. The exploitation rate of sprat was low until the development of pelagic fisheries in the 1960s. Spatially resolved analyses from the 1960s onwards demonstrate changes in the distribution of sprat biomass over time. The average body weight of sprat by age in the 1950s to 1970s was higher than at present, but lower than during the 1980s to 1990s. The results of this study facilitate new analyses of the effects of climate, predation, and anthropogenic drivers on sprat, and contribute to setting long-term management strategies for the Baltic Sea.
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Burlutskyi, Andriy. "Scenic Speech in the «New Ukrainian Theatre»: Specificity of Functioning." Bulletin of KNUKiM. Series in Arts, no. 34 (June 5, 2016): 10–19. https://doi.org/10.31866/2410-1176.34.2016.158193.
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The paper identifies specificity of forming and functioning of scenic speech in the period of formation of the «new Ukrainian theatre», whose framework chronologically unites the «silver» era (the 1920s) and the Ukrainian soviet theatre (the political theatre of the 1930s–1950s, the theatre of war time, the theatre of aesthetic innovations of the 1950s–1960s, and the «searching» theatre of the 1970s–1980s).
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Adom Getachew Talks to Ashish Ghadiali. "World makers of the Black Atlantic." Soundings 75, no. 75 (2020): 180–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.3898/soun.75.11.2020.
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In Worldmaking After Empire, Adom Getachew challenges standard histories of decolonisation, which chart the story of a simple shift from empire to independent nationhood. She shows that supporters of decolonisation have always sought to create something much more than nationalisms: they have engaged in a dynamic and rival system of revolutionary worldmaking, seeking an alternative international system that could replace the old inequitable dispensation. She charts this decolonial project from its roots in the works of Black Atlantic thinkers like W.E.B. Du Bois and C.L.R. James in the 1920s and 1930s. The key events she tracks are the challenges the project faced in the United Nations in the 1940s and 1950s; attempts at regional federation in late 1950s and 1960s; and the emergence of the New International Economic Order in the 1960s and 1970s. This a twentieth century tradition now ripe to be reclaimed and revived.
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Duan, J., L. Wang, L. Li, and Y. Sun. "Tree-ring-inferred glacier mass balance variation in southeastern Tibetan Plateau and its linkage with climate variability." Climate of the Past 9, no. 6 (2013): 2451–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/cp-9-2451-2013.
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Abstract. A large number of glaciers in the Tibetan Plateau (TP) have experienced wastage in recent decades. And the wastage is different from region to region, even from glacier to glacier. A better understanding of long-term glacier variations and their linkage with climate variability requires extending the presently observed records. Here we present the first tree-ring-based glacier mass balance (MB) reconstruction in the TP, performed at the Hailuogou Glacier in southeastern TP during 1868–2007. The reconstructed MB is characterized mainly by ablation over the past 140 yr, and typical melting periods occurred in 1910s–1920s, 1930s–1960s, 1970s–1980s, and the last 20 yr. After the 1900s, only a few short periods (i.e., 1920s–1930s, the 1960s and the late 1980s) were characterized by accumulation. These variations can be validated by the terminus retreat velocity of Hailuogou Glacier and the ice-core accumulation rate in Guliya and respond well to regional and Northern Hemisphere temperature anomaly. In addition, the reconstructed MB is significantly and negatively correlated with August–September all-India monsoon rainfall (AIR) (r1871-2008 = −0.342, p < 0.0001). These results suggest that temperature variability is the dominant factor for the long-term MB variation at the Hailuogou Glacier. Indian summer monsoon precipitation does not affect the MB variation, yet the significant negative correlation between the MB and the AIR implies the positive effect of summer heating of the TP on Indian summer monsoon precipitation.
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Duan, J., L. Wang, L. Li, and Y. Sun. "Tree-ring inferred glacier mass balance variation in southeastern Tibetan Plateau and its linkage with climate variability." Climate of the Past Discussions 9, no. 4 (2013): 3663–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/cpd-9-3663-2013.
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Abstract. A large number of glaciers in the Tibetan Plateau (TP) have experienced wastage in recent decades. And the wastage is different from region to region, even from glacier to glacier. A better understanding of long-term glacier variations and their linkage with climate variability requires extending the presently observed records. Here we present the first tree-ring-based glacier mass balance (MB) reconstruction in the TP, performed at the Hailuogou Glacier in southeastern TP during 1865–2007. The reconstructed MB is characterized mainly by ablation over the past 143 yr, and typical melting periods occurs in 1910s–1920s, 1930s–1960s, 1970s–1980s, and the last 20 yr. After the 1900s, only a few short periods (i.e., 1920s–1930s, the 1960s and the late 1980s) is characterized by accumulation. These variations can be validated by the terminus retreat velocity of the Hailuogou Glacier and the ice-core accumulation rate in Guliya and respond well to regional and Northern Hemisphere temperature anomaly. In addition, the reconstructed MB is significantly and negatively correlated with August-September all-Indian monsoon precipitation (AIR) (r1871–2008= −0.342, p < 0.0001). These results suggest that temperature variability is the dominant factor for the long-term MB variation at the Hailuogou Glacier. Indian summer monsoon precipitation doesn't affect the MB variation, yet the significant negative correlation between the MB and the AIR implies the positive effect of summer heating of the TP on Indian summer monsoon precipitation.
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Novaes, Allan. "“The Battle for Men’s Minds”: Subliminal Message as Conspiracy Theory in Seventh-Day Adventist Discourse." Religions 15, no. 10 (2024): 1276. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rel15101276.
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This article describes the presence of a subliminal thesis—with conspiratorial and apocalyptic content—in the discourse of the Seventh-day Adventist tradition based on a documentary analysis of Adventist publications from the 1900s to the 1990s. The history of the development of this thesis is classified into three periods: (1) Proto-Adventist Subliminal Thesis, from 1900s to 1940s, with a discourse of anti-spiritualist emphasis; (2) Adventist Subliminal Thesis’ First Wave, from 1950s to 1960s, with a discourse of anti-media emphasis in the context of James Vicary’s experiments in the 1950s; and (3) Adventist Subliminal Thesis’ Second Wave, from 1970s to 1990s, with a discourse of conspiratorial emphasis in the context of the satanic panic of the 1980s and 1990s. The Adventist subliminal thesis is configured in a way of thinking that considers (1) the human being as a “mass-man” and culture as “mass culture”; (2) the media as having the power of manipulation and mental control; (3) adherence to moral panic phenomena as reactions to media threats to traditional values; and (4) the cosmic narrative of the Great Controversy as a worldview for understanding media messages and products as part of a satanic conspiracy.
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Saleniece, Irēna, and Maija Grizāne. "Searching for New Identities: The Belarusian Minority in the Latvian-Belarusian Borderlands from the 1920s to the 1990s." Lithuanian Historical Studies 28, no. 1 (2024): 131–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.30965/25386565-02801005.
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The research presented here is based on life stories that were collected during fieldwork in the Latvian-Belarusian borderland from 2003 to 2020 by the Oral History Centre of Daugavpils University. These oral testimonies of Belarusians disclose the circumstances that facilitated or interfered with their involvement in local society, and the changes which occurred in their sense of self-identity. The results of a comparison of three groups of Belarusians demonstrate major differences between identity, formed during the existence of the independent state, the Soviet period, and the post-Soviet period in Latvia’s history. The groups concerned are: (1) Belarusians born during the 1920s and 1930s in the territory of Latvia; (2) Belarusians born during the 1920s and 1930s who moved to the territory of Latvia in the 1940s and 1950s; and (3) Belarusians born during the 1940s and 1950s who moved to the territory of Latvia in the 1960s and 1970s. Belarusians of group 1 mostly integrated successfully into Latvian society, preserving their ethnic identity to some extent. The Soviet migrants (groups 2 and 3), influenced by communist ideology and russification, with some exceptions mostly identified with the ‘Soviet people’, ignoring ethnicity. These Belarusians integrated successfully into Soviet Latvia, but after the collapse of the USSR they had problems recognising the political changes, and needed support in finding their own place in Latvian society.
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Goldstein, Melvyn C. "The United States, Tibet, and the Cold War." Journal of Cold War Studies 8, no. 3 (2006): 145–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/jcws.2006.8.3.145.
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This article examines U.S. policy toward Tibet from the end of the 1940s to the end of the 1980s, especially the 1950s and 1960s. U.S. policy during this period operated on two levels. At the strategic level, the United States consistently supported China's claim of sovereignty over Tibet. But at the tactical level, U.S. policy varied a great deal over time, ranging from the provision of military and financial aid to Tibetan guerrilla forces in the 1950s and 1960s to the almost complete lack of official attention to Tibet in the 1970s and early 1980s. The article explains why the U.S. government has never accepted Tibet's claim to independence and why the question of Tibet, after falling into obscurity in the 1970s, reemerged on the U.S. agenda in the mid- to late 1980s. The article highlights the cynicism that has often characterized tactical shifts in U.S. policy.
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Didenko, К. "INVOLVEMENT OF THE THEORY OF SOCIAL CONSTRUCTION FOR CONSIDERATION OF ARCHITECTURAL AND CITY BUILDING PRACTICE." Municipal economy of cities 1, no. 154 (2020): 185–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.33042/2522-1809-2020-1-154-185-191.
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Social aspects of the formation of architectural complexes in metropolian Kharkov have not yet been analyzed in homeland architectural theory. The study into "Kharkov constructivism", due to unfortunate historical ocurrence, is still in fact at the initial stage. Thesises of Kharkov authors illuminate this phenomenon in general or analyze some of the most significant sights. Approaches to the study of social aspects of architecture and urban development went through several stages. Architectural theory of the late 1940s- the beginning of 1950s was sharply critical of the architectural and urban planning experiments in the 1920s. The XXth century Soviet history of architecture in the 1960s and 1970s was marked by ideological rehabilitation of constructivism, including social experiments of the 1920s - early 1930s. A turn from apologetics of the 1960s - 1980s to critical analysis of the architecture and urban development of the avant-garde was indicated at the beginning of 2000s by the studies considering Soviet architectural and urban planning practice in the context of public behavior management as a tool for structuring general population to achieve political goals. Foreign studies into the Soviet avant-garde sprang up in the 1970s - early 1980s affected by Western sociology where architecture began to be viewed as a tool for managing social processes and new types of structures and models of urban planning organization- as “a transition from social to material”. Many studies highlighted the influence of Soviet architectural and urban planning programs of the 1920s and 1930s on the system and structure of public consciousness. There was established that large-scale housing, cultural and domestic construction was carried out as part of the capital's administrative and government center creation programs and the formation of an industrial complex. There were identified four conceptual approaches for housing construction, they were consistently implemented during the realization of the two above-mentioned programs: garden city, communal house, housing complex and social city. In these programs, the concepts of "garden city" and "communal houses" were practically tested and reasonably rejected, and the most productive models were residential complexes and social city. Keywords: social construction, architectural and urban concepts, soviet human, metropolian Kharkov.
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Majumdar, Sumit. "Utilization of Different Categories of Resources in Indian Industry." Vikalpa: The Journal for Decision Makers 22, no. 4 (1997): 41–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0256090919970405.
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In this paper, Sumit Majumdar analyses the patterns of utilization of various key resources — production staff, administrative staff, physical capital, and working capital — in the Indian indus try between the period 1950-51 and 1992-93. The ratio of optimal to actual input usage is calculated for the four key resource inputs. It is found that Indian industry was relatively efficient in the 1950s, but efficiency had plummeted in the 1960s and 1970s relative to the 1950s. The regression of industrial performance in the 1960s and 1970s was reversed in the 1980s. However, in the 1990s, the Indian industry has merely caught up with a performance level once attained in the 1950s and no dynamic progress in its performance over time is noted.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "The 1960s and 1970s"
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Alvarez, Romero Ana. "L'empreinte ethnographique dans la littérature mexicaine des années 1950, 1960 et 1970." Thesis, Montpellier 3, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017MON30060.
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Ce travail analyse les relations de l'ethnographie avec un corpus divers de la littérature mexicaine publiée au cours des années 1950, 1960 et 1970. Ces relations sont examinées par ce que nous appelons «empreinte ethnographique», une frontière sémiotique (dans la terminologie de Yuri Lotman) où les intérêts et les méthodes de l'ethnographie sont traduits en termes littéraires. Grâce à ce concept, nous analysons: Juan Pérez Jolote: biografía de un tzotzil (1948), de Ricardo Pozas; El diosero (1952), de Francisco Rojas González; Benzulul (1959), de Eraclio Zepeda; Balún Canán (1957) et Los convidados de agosto (1964), de Rosario Castellanos; La tumba (1964), de José Agustín; Gazapo (1965), de Gustavo Sainz; Los hongos alucinantes (1964), de Fernando Benítez; Los albañiles (1963), de Vicente Leñero; Hasta no verte Jesús mío (1969) et La noche de Tlatelolco (1971), d’ Elena Poniatowska; Chin chin el teporocho (1971), d’Armando Ramírez; et Vida de María Sabina. La sabia de los hongos (1977), d’Álvaro Estrada. L'interconnexion est présentée par le travail littéraire axé sur la reconstruction des sujets inscrits et configurés par leur culture: si d'abord dans la littérature mexicaine l'accent était mis sur l'indigène, ultérieurement cette littérature essai d'expliquer la culture de l'habitant urbain. De cette façon, l’empreinte ethnographique dévoile comment un corpus apparemment divers est interconnecté. De même, nous proposons que cette empreinte ethnographique soit construite par ce qu'on appelle le «réalisme culturel»: un style d’écriture qui tente de rendre compte de cultures spécifiques selon le point de vue de ses acteurs<br>This study analyzes ethnography’s relationship with a diverse corpus of Mexican literature published during the decades of 1950, 1960 and 1970. These relationships are analyzed through what we call “ethnographic imprint”, a semiotic frontier (in Yuri Lotman’s terminology) where ethnography’s interests and methods are translated into literary terms. Through this concept, we analyze Juan Pérez Jolote: biografía de un tzotzil (1948), by Ricardo Pozas; El diosero (1952), by Francisco Rojas González; Benzulul (1959), by Eraclio Zepeda; Balún Canán (1957) and Los convidados de agosto (1964), by Rosario Castellanos; La tumba (1964), by José Agustín; Gazapo (1965), by Gustavo Sainz; Los hongos alucinantes (1964), by Fernando Benítez; Los albañiles (1963), by Vicente Leñero; Hasta no verte Jesús mío (1969) and La noche de Tlatelolco (1971), by Elena Poniatowska; Chin chin el teporocho (1971), by Armando Ramírez; and Vida de María Sabina. La sabia de los hongos (1977), by Álvaro Estrada. The interconnection appears through literary work focused on rebuilding subjects framed and shaped by their culture: if the original focus was the native, in the later period the subject explained according to its culture was the urban dweller. Thus, the ethnographic imprint reveals how an apparently diverse corpus is interconnected. Similarly, we propose that this ethnographic imprint is constructed through what we call “cultural realism”: a writing style that tries to account specific cultures (with correspondence in the extratextual world) from the actors’ point of view
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Hui-Bon-Hoa, Alan. "Identity and marginality on the road: American road movies of the 1960s, 1970s and 1990s." Thesis, McGill University, 2012. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=107914.
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This thesis examines two key periods in the American road movie genre with a particular emphasis on formations of identity as they are articulated through themes of marginality,freedom, and rebellion. The first period, what I term the "founding" period of the road moviegenre, includes six films of the 1960s and 1970s: Arthur Penn's Bonnie and Clyde (1967), Dennis Hopper's Easy Rider (1969), Francis Ford Coppola's The Rain People (1969), Monte Hellman's Two-Lane Blacktop (1971), Richard Sarafian's Vanishing Point (1971), and Joseph Strick's Road Movie (1974). The second period of the genre, what I identify as that of the "minority" road movie, occurs largely in the 1990s and includes Ridley Scott's Thelma & Louise (1991), Gregg Araki's The Living End (1992), and Spike Lee's Get on the Bus (1996). Emphasizing the cinematic worlds, narrative trajectories, and identity politics of the road movie, I argue that "founding" road movies, though usually homogeneous in their portrayals of identity, are significant for later minority road movies because they establish points of rebellion that negotiate between dominant and marginal social relations that minority road movies would later revisit. These minority road movies (re)interpret the generic raw material of the past, tapping into a number of subgenres as well as themes of marginality, freedom, and rebellion, in order to introduce new identities to the genre. Important to the many exchanges between the two periods is the interplay of subgenres; as I will discuss, many of these films borrow, critique, and subvert the generic precedents of the past.<br>Cette thèse examine deux périodes clés du genre cinematographique des 'road-movies' américains en se concentrant sur les formations identitaires telles qu'elles sont articulées à travers les thèmes de la marginalité, de la liberté, et de la rébellion. La première période, que je qualifierais de période fondatrice du genre 'road-movie', comprend six films des années 1960 et1970: Bonnie and Clyde d'Arthur Penn (1967), Easy Rider de Dennis Hopper (1969), The Rain People de Francis Ford Coppola (1969), Two-Lane Blacktop de Monte Hellman (1971), Vanishing Point de Richard Sarafian (1971), et Road Movie de Joseph Strick (1974). La deuxième période du genre, que j'identifierais comme celle du 'road-movie' « minoritaire », est produite en grande partie dans les années 1990 et comprend Thelma & Louise de Ridley Scott(1991), The Living End de Gregg Araki (1992), et Get on the Bus de Spike Lee (1996). En soulignant les univers cinématiques, les trajectoires narratives, et les politiques identitaires, je soutiens que les films «fondateurs», souvent homogènes dans leurs représentations identitaires, sont importants pour les « road-movies » minoritaires ultérieurs car ils établissent des points derébellion négociant entre des rapports sociaux de dominants a marginaux, eux-meme plus tard revisités par les films minoritaires. Ces « road-movies » minoritaires réinterpretent les matériaux génériques bruts du passé, mettant en valeur un certain nombre de sous-genres ainsi que les thèmes de la marginalité, la liberté, et la rébellion, afin d'introduire de nouvelles identités au genre. Le jeu des sous-genres est lui-meme important dans les nombreux échanges entre les deux périodes : je débats que plusieurs de ces films empruntent, critiquent et subvertissent les précédents génériques du passé.
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Sanmanee, Sirichai. "Use of GIS to Identify and Delineate Areas of Fluoride, Sulfate, Chloride, and Nitrate Levels in the Woodbine Aquifer, North Central Texas, in the 1950s, 1960s, 1970s, 1980s, and 1990s." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2001. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc2869/.
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ArcView and ArcInfo were used to identify and delineate areas contaminated by fluoride, sulfate, chloride, and nitrate in the Woodbine Aquifer. Water analysis data were obtained from the TWDB from the 1950s to 1990s covering 9 counties. 1990s land use data were obtained to determine the relationship with each contaminant. Spearman's rank correlation coefficients and Kruskal-Wallis tests were used to calculate relationships between variables. Land uses had little effect on distributions of contaminants. Sulfate and fluoride levels were most problematic in the aquifer. Depth and lithology controlled the distributions of each contaminant. Nitrate patterns were controlled mainly by land use rather than geology, but were below the maximum contaminant level. In general, contaminant concentrations have decreased since the 1950s.
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Szarycz, Ireneusz. "Poetics of Valentin Kataev's prose of the 1960s and 1970s." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/5274.
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Hodgson, James Neil. "Male homosexuality in Brazilian cinema of the 1960s and 1970s." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2013. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/male-homosexuality-in-brazilian-cinema-of-the-1960s-and-1970s(d1678b48-5d3c-47fa-9a06-b4b0d72ed49b).html.
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The representation of homosexuality in the Brazilian cinema of the 1960s and 1970s is generally dismissed as homophobic on the grounds that it confirms stereotypical and oppressive views of homosexual men. While it is true that many films produced during the era repeat conventional notions of sexual identity, this dismissal arguably overlooks a variety of subtle and subversive representations of homosexuality. To contest the prevailing view, eleven films have been selected from important movements of Brazilian cinema of the period; these include examples of avant-garde and popular filmmaking. An analytical approach informed by queer theory – a critical account of homosexuality and sexual identity – is used to make a series of close readings of narrative form and content. It is suggested that the apparent heterosexism of many of the films is shown to be tacitly or accidentally subverted via the implication that sexual identity is unstable and contested. A number of films are shown to illustrate ways in which oppressive hierarchies might be disabled through a reconfiguring of homosexual identity. It is argued that film form – the films’ self-referential or reflexive aspects, as well as the way in which the films construct spectating positions – is the central factor in subverting conventional views of homosexuality. Such form facilitates multiple readings of the content, therefore enabling a queer interpretation to be posited. Ultimately, it is argued that the value of these films lies in the sometimes contradictory fashion in which they present oppressive notions of homosexuality on-screen while at the same time gesturing towards ways in which such oppression could be challenged.
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Straine, S. E. "The ground of drawing : graphic operations in the 1960s and 1970s." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2013. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1416487/.
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This thesis aims to rethink the terms for drawing as it negotiated dematerialisation and deskilling at the beginnings of conceptual art in the mid to late 1960s. The survival of drawing at this time is considered in terms of what a ground means in relation to an image, concentrating on questions of finish, temporality, skill, and materiality – most crucially that of paper. Over five monographic chapters, I set out the foundational and flexible proposition of the ground of drawing: an equally material and conceptual framework that disrupts the direct registration of line and trace that process-led accounts of drawing in the expanded field have so often focused on. Accepting both the precision and pollution of drawing as it existed within the mass media landscape of the 1960s and early 1970s, the examples discussed move away from the active flight of linearity in favour of rendering, depiction, narrative or visual deception, revealing drawing’s relationship to the world to be both potently iconic and stubbornly indexical. Chapter 1 tackles drawing’s newly conceptual relationship to trompe l’oeil through Vija Celmins’s use of photographic paper ephemera. Chapter 2 explores the concepts of over-working and after-drawings as together they control and obscure Franz Erhard Walther’s interactive sculptural practice. Chapter 3 reappraises Bill Bollinger’s intermedial practice of sculpture, drawing and installation to focus on his works on paper shaped by industrial gestures and a blindness of technique. In chapter 4 the ground shared by drawing and performance in the work of Alex Hay is used to interrogate the material and conceptual potential of the paper plane – referencing drawing only at an oblique angle. The final chapter thinks through the idea of post-photographic drawing within an image-saturated print and media culture, ultimately reconciling the durational, illusionistic drawing of Ed Ruscha with its hidden processual base.
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Bodling, Kurt Allen Thayer. "The Jesus Movement of the 1960s and 1970s as a "Great Awakening"." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 1986. http://www.tren.com.
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Bielby, Clare. "Print media representations of violent women in 1960s and 1970s West Germany." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/3226.
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A proliferation of media discourse on the ‘phenomenon’ of violent women in 1960s and 1970s West Germany suggests that the violent woman is a troubling figure who provokes both fascination and fear. Julia Kristeva’s notion of the abject provides a language for understanding and accounting for the complex mixture of emotions the figure elicits. For Kristeva, abjection is a violent revolt against something which threatens the subject, which may be both “other” or foreign, and familiar; we abject that which cannot be tolerated, cannot be thought or known, which provokes both desire and repulsion. Troubling about the violent woman, and what renders her culturally unintelligible or unimaginable, is that she takes life rather than giving it. In this study, I trace the various attempts made by the print media to assimilate the violent woman, to make her thinkable and knowable and, as a result, to defuse her threat. More frequently, she is made other, abjected either in the Kristevan sense or in the (related) more literal sense: ‘cast off,’ ‘excluded,’ ‘rejected’ or ‘degraded.’ West Germany of the 1960s and 1970s provides a good time-frame for the study: West German terrorism, which involved a large number of women, was at its peak in the 1970s, and a number of high-profile trials against non-politically violent women also took place during the period. In chapter one of the thesis, I look at how the violent woman is rendered the negative and ‘unnatural’ (m)other of the proper German woman and nation, the better to bolster hegemonic understandings of both woman and nation; in chapter two, how she is made hysterical and feminised so as to defuse the threat that she poses; in chapter three, how her crime is redefined as a crime against her gender and sexuality (one idea here is that it is the ‘man inside’ who is to blame). Finally, in chapter four, I explore how the violent woman is abjected through association with filth and defilement. Arguably it is because the strategies which attempt to assimilate, to know and to name her fail or are only partially successful, that the violent woman must be abjected from the body politic through association with dirt.
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Treglia, Laura. "Guerrilla girls : rebellious women of the Japanese 1960s-1970s 'pinky violence' films." Thesis, SOAS, University of London, 2012. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.702934.
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Franks, Daniel. "Jazz in Hollywood (1950s – 1970s)." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2015. https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/381456/.
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Serious jazz can be found in places where it is least expected, in mainstream Hollywood films. This thesis aims to demonstrate how film composers (such as Henry Mancini, Quincy Jones and Lalo Schifrin) challenged established conventions in the music and film industries between the late 1950s and the late 1970s. During this period, film composers were producing jazz for a global audience; their musical contribution is integral to our current understanding of jazz history. It is by viewing the history of film music through the various ways in which it is received (in music journals, performances, publications, recordings, films) that a new perspective on jazz history will be achieved. Giving focus to individual film scores, using detailed analysis and transcription, this thesis will highlight key moments in history that reveal how important film composers are to the story of jazz. With the study of journalistic and academic publications, it will also show how wider changes in American society were represented by jazz composers in film scores. Considering the history of jazz through the reception of Hollywood film scores enables new ways to define the genre. For instance, by taking into account the future performance life of a composition, this thesis will provide a new perspective on the fundamental characteristics of a jazz composition. These new ways to consider the genre demonstrate why film music should be included within the jazz-historical canon.
Books on the topic "The 1960s and 1970s"
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Niven, Felicia Lowenstein. Fabulous fashions of the 1960s and 1970s. Enslow publishers, 2011.
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Davis, Greg. Collector's guide to TV memorabilia: 1960s & 1970s. Collector Books, 1996.
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Niven, Felicia Lowenstein. Fabulous fashions of the 1960s and 1970s. Enslow publishers, 2011.
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Cohen, Marcia. The sisterhood: The inside story of the women's movement and the leaders who made it happen. Fawcett Columbine, 1989.
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Paul, Jenkins. Paul Jenkins: Paintings from the 1960s and 1970s. Redfern Gallery, 2011.
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P, Carlisle Rodney, and Golson J. Geoffrey, eds. America in revolt during the 1960s and 1970s. ABC-CLIO, 2007.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "The 1960s and 1970s"
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Weiss, Antonio E. "Planning, 1960s–1970s." In Management Consultancy and the British State. Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-99876-3_2.
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Bevis, Teresa Brawner, and Christopher J. Lucas. "The 1960s and 1970s." In International Students in American Colleges and Universities. Palgrave Macmillan US, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230609754_7.
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Betts, Ernest. "The Changing Background—1960s–1970s." In The Film Business. Routledge, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003458364-37.
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Piontelli, Alessandra. "The 1960s and the 1970s." In Citizen Fetus. Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-17161-1_2.
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Arnett, Robert. "Transitional Noir, 1960s–Early 1970s." In Neo-Noir as Post-Classical Hollywood Cinema. Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-43668-1_2.
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Mais, Christos. "Anti-Colonialism and Imperialism (1960s–1970s)." In The Palgrave Encyclopedia of Imperialism and Anti-Imperialism. Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-91206-6_290-1.
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West, John B. "Studies in the 1960s and 1970s." In High Life. Springer New York, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-7573-6_10.
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Chakraborty, Amitayu. "The Phase of Polemics (1960s–1970s)." In Ngugi wa Thiong’o. Routledge, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003286035-3.
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Mais, Christos. "Anti-colonialism and Imperialism (1960s–1970s)." In The Palgrave Encyclopedia of Imperialism and Anti-Imperialism. Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-29901-9_290.
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Braun, Sandra L., Ella Palin, and Hannah Farrow. "1930s to 1970s." In History of PR in Canada. Routledge, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003507475-4.
Full textConference papers on the topic "The 1960s and 1970s"
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Swartz, Kenneth. "Airbus Helicopters in America: The Pioneering Years." In Vertical Flight Society 80th Annual Forum & Technology Display. The Vertical Flight Society, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.4050/f-0080-2024-1327.
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The roots of Airbus Helicopters in North America can be traced back to 1955 when the US Army announced it was purchasing three Djinn helicopters for evaluation at Fort Rucker, Alabama. In the pioneering years, Airbus Helicopters - originally known as Sud Aviation (later Aerospatiale) and Bolkow (later Messerschmitt-Bolkow-Blohm) - worked through at least six different sales agents to break into the United States and Canadian market before they established their own subsidiaries in the 1970s in which merged in 1992 when Eurocopter was formed to combine the helicopter divisions of Aérospatiale and DASA (Deutsche Aerospace Aktiengesellschaft) located in France and Germany. Today, Airbus Helicopters accounts for a substantial share of new helicopter sales in the United States and Canada, but in the pioneering years it faced an uphill battle against a thriving American helicopter industry and strong "buy America" sentiment, such that the pioneering efforts by the European helicopter to gain a foothold in North America have been largely forgotten. This paper covers the period from the mid-1950s to 1969 when small number of Sud Aviation Djinn and Alouette II and III helicopters were operated in North America - with the majority migrating to Canada by the late 1960s.
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Cuervo, Bernardo, and Mark McQueen. "Screening for Selective Seam Weld Corrosion and Long Seam Anomalies in ERW Pipe Using ILI Data. a Case Study." In CONFERENCE 2023. AMPP, 2023. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2023-19476.
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Abstract High-Frequency Electric Resistance Welded pipe (HF-ERW) has been around for more than 40 years with a reputation of high toughness and fewer seam weld defects than Low Frequency (LF) ERW pre-1970s. However, both HF-ERW pre-1980s and LF-ERW pre-1970s are susceptible, under the right conditions, to develop selective seam weld corrosion (SSWC) and hook cracks due to a high content of sulfur in the pre-1980s steel. This paper describes a supplemental screening process that operators can perform as part of their due diligence. The process uses ultrasonic detection data and ILI vendor display software to identify and prioritize potential longitudinal seam weld anomalies, specifically focusing on SSWC to differentiate it from general corrosion located across or adjacent to the longitudinal seam weld. The process ranks anomalies to help operators prioritize integrity management efforts and resources.
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Hall, Brandon, Robert Willis, and Lindley Bark. "Demonstration of Aviation Mishap Reconstruction with On-Board Crash Recording Technologies." In Vertical Flight Society 73rd Annual Forum & Technology Display. The Vertical Flight Society, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4050/f-0073-2017-12040.
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Current approaches to specifying requirements for crash safety-related products rely on impact characteristics determined from studies conducted during the 1960s and 1970s. In addition, crash investigation techniques rely on methods in which mishap conditions are estimated based upon limited post-crash evidence. In order to address a current knowledge gap, crash recorders were examined for their ability to provide improved aircraft mishap data and to aid in mishap reconstruction. Dynamic testing on the Horizontal Accelerator at NAWCAD, Patuxent River, MD was conducted in order to investigate and ultimately demonstrate the ability of commercialized crash recorder technology to provide data that would greatly aid in aviation mishap investigation and reconstruction. Data collected by the crash recorders was used to create time-history sequences for tri-axial acceleration, estimated velocity, estimated recorder displacement, and estimated rotation. Ultimately, fielding such a system will improve the clarity and fidelity of crash investigations, as well as lead to better understanding of the often unpredictable modern aviation mishap environment.
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Goodman, Joseph W. "Four decades of optical information processing." In OSA Annual Meeting. Optica Publishing Group, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/oam.1990.wa2.
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While the origins of optical information processing can be traced to the work of Ernst Abbe, active research in this area began in the 1950s. During this first decade, the idea of coherent Fourier plane filtering flowered, and applications to image processing were the initial focus of attention. Filtering power was limited by the difficulty of controlling both amplitude and phase transmission through the focal plane. The 1960s saw the introduction of the laser and the discovery of the interferometrically generated filter, which allowed implementation of much more sophisticated filters than had previously been possible. Emphasis increased on the processing of radar signals, and matched filter pattern recognition. The 1970s saw a major shift of attention to discrete data, and development of a multitude of techniques for processing vectors and matrices. The shortcomings of analog (as opposed to digital) processing became especially clear in this decade. In the 1980s attention turned to three subjects, often all included in the term optical computing: all optical digital processing, optical interconnects, and optical neural computing. These three areas remain active at the beginning of the 1990s. Some speculation will be provided regarding what emphasis we will see throughout the 1990s.
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Krupyna, Viktor. "Abuse of Power by Soviet Ukrainian Nomenklatura, 1945–1991." In Lviv Interactive. Lviv Interactive, 2024. https://doi.org/10.69915/edu010en.
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In addressing the causes of unlawful actions committed by high-ranking officials in the 1940s and 1960s, Soviet authorities often attributed them to the lingering influence of pre-revolutionary capitalist mentalities among certain managers. This explanation lost credibility over time, as by the 1970s and 1980s, the leadership consisted largely of individuals born and fully socialized within the Soviet Union, supposedly free from the flaws of other, non-communist societies. In this module, Viktor Krupyna uses unpublished archival materials and available source collections to examine the widespread abuse of power by Soviet officials in the Ukrainian SSR in 1945-1991, its causes, scope, and consequences.
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Hahina, Natallia, Iryna Shchasnaya, and Galina Martsinkevich. "DEVELOPMENT OF LANDSCAPE STUDIES IN BELARUS: TRADITIONS AND MODERNITY." In Book of Abstracts and Contributed Papers. Geographical Institute "Jovan Cvijić" SASA, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.46793/csge5.26nh.
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The initial stage of studying the landscapes of Belarus was marked by the works of the well-known geographer, Professor A. A. Smolich (1925). The foundation and development of landscape research in the country took place at the Belarusian State University at the Department of Physical Geography (1934), which was renamed the Department of Physical Geography of the USSR (1961), and later became the Department of Geographical Ecology (since 1999).The development of landscape research in Belarus can be divided into several stages: 1) the publication of the first scientific works describing the geomorphological features of natural systems in Belarus (1920s–1930s); 2) the organization of initial research into the morphological structure of landscapes and the development of methods for their mapping (1950s); 3) the identification of patterns in the formation and spatial distribution of landscapes for their classification, and the organization, under the guidance of Professor V.A. Dementyev, of expeditions involving faculty members and students from the geography department, which collected data over 10 years in key areas with diverse landscape conditions (1960s–1970s); 4) the establishment of a scientific school of landscape research (1974); 5) the systematization of collected materials, development of structural-genetic classification of landscapes (1980s), with publication of the first landscape map of Belarus at a scale of 1:600,000, initiation of studies on anthropogenic landscapes, development of methods for their mapping and classification, and publication of scientific monographs “Anthropogenic Landscapes of Belarus and Bulgaria” (1983) and “Landscapes of Belarus” (1989); 6) the formation of anthropogenic landscape studies (1990s); 7) the integration of landscape and environmental research, studying problems related to anthropogenic transformation of landscapes (2000s–2010s); and 8) the enhancement of the environmental and geo-information component of landscape research, including mapping and environmental assessment of urban landscapes of Minsk, several industrial and small towns, conducting large-scale GIS mapping of national parks, and research on the formation characteristics of cultural landscapes in Belarus (2020s).
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Subbotina, Irina. "Gagauz and Bulgarian peoples of the North Caucasus: History with Ethnology and Demography." In Ethnology Symposium "Ethnic traditions and processes", Edition II. Institute of Cultural Heritage, Republic of Moldova, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.52603/9789975333788.27.
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Materials from population censuses in Russia, data from state archives of KabardinoBalkaria and Northern Ossetia (Alania), materials from stanitsa Ekaterinogradskaya rural household registers of 1940s, 1950s, 1970s and 1990s as well as data from the author’s ethnosociological studies have been used to describe the ethnodemographic dynamics of Gagauz and Bulgarian population in Malgobek and Sukhotskoe villages in Northern Ossetia (Alania) and stanitsa Ekaterinogradskaya in Kabardino-Balkaria.
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Kuzmin, Kirill E. "Nanjing Massacre in the Historical Memory of China: From Oblivion to the Actualization." In ВОСТОК-ФОКУС: актуальные вопросы изучения истории, международ ных отношений и культур стран Востока: материалы VII Международной научно-практической конференции. IPC NSU, 2024. https://doi.org/10.25205/978-5-4437-1701-2-18.
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The work is devoted to the study of the place of the Nanjing massacre of 1937 in the historical memory of Chinese society in the postwar decades up to the beginning of the 2020s. The paper examines the evolution of the memory of the massacre from oblivion in the 1950s and 1970s to the actualization of the 1980s and 1990s and the transformation of the Nanjing massacre into one of the key narratives of modern historical memory in China.
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Shirokova, Ludmila. "Slovak Short Story of 1960s–1970s (View from the 2000s)." In Russian Bohemian Studies Yesterday and Today. Institute of Slavic Studies, Russian Academy of Sciences, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.31168/7576-0479-4.13.
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Zirkle, Ross. "Microbial lipids for nutrition: History, status and future challenges and opportunities." In 2022 AOCS Annual Meeting & Expo. American Oil Chemists' Society (AOCS), 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.21748/itbb8752.
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The study of and interest in microbial lipids go back for at least 140 years. Historically, the production of these microbial oils was expensive and complex as compared to the inexpensive, consistent, and robust production of plant oils. Additionally, the attributes of these microbial oils were often similar to commoditized plant oils. In the 1960s and 1970s, more focus shifted to the discovery of unique attributes of microbial oils and the development of these systems led to some minor commercialization of nutritional microbial lipids in the 1970s and 1980s. Starting in the 1990s, and continuing today, significant success in the development and commercialization of nutritional microbial oils containing Omega-3 and Omega-6 long-chained polyunsaturated fatty (PUFA) acids has been seen. Progress continues to be made in the technology of microbial lipid production in both genetically modified and non-genetically modified systems. While the interest level in microbial lipids and systems continues to run high, there has only been relatively narrow success in commercialization of PUFA microbial oils to date. The presentation will review the history, status, and future challenges and opportunities for microbial lipids for nutrition.
Reports on the topic "The 1960s and 1970s"
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Ffrench-Davis, Ricardo, and Robert Devlin. Towards an Evaluation of Regional Integration in Latin America in the 1990s. Inter-American Development Bank, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0011085.
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The decade of the 1990s has witnessed a wave of regional integration initiatives in Latin America: more than 14 agreements -free trade areas or customs unions- since 1990 with a handful more in varying degrees of negotiation (see Table 1). However, this was not just a Latin American phenomenon, as regionalism has more than ever become a global trend (Mistry [1996]). Indeed, now Japan, South Korea and Hong Kong are the only World Trade Organization (WTO) members which are not signatories to at least one preferential trade agreement (WTO [1995]). Regional integration is not new to Latin America. Economic integration played an important role in the region¿s early Post-War economic history. The 1960s and 1970s saw a number of very ambitious initiatives inspired by the successful Western European experience (Ffrench-Davis, Muñoz and Palma [1994]). Indeed, at its peak in the late 1960s and early 1970s, the topic of integration was hard to avoid in the discussion of Latin American development. However, disillusionment with integration processes had clearly set in by the late 1970s and the discussion of regional integration was all but silenced by the external crisis of the early 1980s.
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Al-Suwailem, Sami. Taming Inflation: An Islamic-Finance Perspective. Islamic Development Bank Institute, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.55780/re24023.
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Inflation is a major problem for modern economies. Over the years, the problem shifted from one extreme to the other: from “the great inflation” in the 1960s and 1970s, to “the death of inflation” and “inflation myth” in the 1990s and 2000s, to the “deflation monster” in 2010s, and most recently, to “the biggest inflation surge in more than 30 years”. Despite the remarkable advances in monetary theory and policy, we are still unable to control inflation. Many studies of inflation tend to miss the forest for the trees. They mostly focus on technical details and lose sight of the big picture. Here, we want to look at the big picture.
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Chumacero, Rómulo A., and J. Rodrigo Fuentes. On the Determinants of Chilean Economic Growth. Inter-American Development Bank, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0008718.
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This paper is part of the project "Explaining Economic Growth Performance" launched by the Global Development Network (GDN). The purpose of this project is to explain economic growth performances across seven regions of the world. This paper provides a qualitative and quantitative evaluation of the main factors behind Chilean growth: the main characteristics that made economic performance so average through the 1960s, so sensitive to the two major international crises in the early 1970s and early 1980s, and so simulative to growth rates and dampening to volatility from the mid-1980s onward. The first section looks at the history for the period under analysis. The next section uses a growth accounting exercise to approximate Total Factor Productivity (TFP). The results from that exercise are then used to conduct a multivariate time series analysis that includes several measures of economic distortions to assess which are important determinants (or consequences) of Chile's economic performance. Features found to be relevant are then incorporated into a model that attempts to quantify the growth effects of several shocks. Finally, the last section summarizes the main analytic conclusions and draws policy implications.
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Hendershott, Patric, and Joe Peek. Treasury Bill Rates in the 1970s and 1980s. National Bureau of Economic Research, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w3036.
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Ashwill, Maximillian, and Lourdes Alvarez Prado. Background Paper: Disaster Risk Reduction. Inter-American Development Bank, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0009225.
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The frequency of natural disasters, such as floods, droughts, hurricanes, and earthquakes, is increasing in LAC as in the rest of the world. During the 1960s and 1970s, fewer than 20 disasters occurred per year, while during the 2000s the average increased to 50 disasters per year.This sector study describes the state of natural disaster risk in the Region. It looks at LAC's progress in reducing disaster risk and examines the major challenges that it still confronts. OVE also describes and analyzes the IDB's Disaster Risk Management (DRM) and Climate Change strategies, the DRM portfolio and assesses its DRM work.
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Card, David, John DiNardo, and Eugena Estes. The More Things Change: Immigrants and the Children of Immigrants in the 1940s, the 1970s, and the 1990s. National Bureau of Economic Research, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w6519.
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Lunsford, Kurt G. Business Cycles and Low-Frequency Fluctuations in the US Unemployment Rate. Federal Reserve Bank of Cleveland, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.26509/frbc-wp-202319.
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I show that business cycles can generate most of the low-frequency movements in the unemployment rate. First, I provide evidence that the unemployment rate is stationary, while its flows have unit roots. Then, I model the log unemployment rate as the error correction term of log labor flows in a vector error correction model (VECM) with intercepts that change over the business cycle. Feeding historical expansions and recessions into the VECM generates large low-frequency movements in the unemployment rate. Frequent recessions from the late 1960s to the early 1980s interrupt labor market recoveries and ratchet the unemployment rate upward. Long expansions in the 1980s and 1990s undo this upward ratcheting. Finally, the VECM predicts that the unemployment rate will be near 3.6 percent after a 10-year expansion and that lower unemployment rates are possible with longer expansions.
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Johnson, Emily, Sofia Andeskie, Justin Tweet, and Vincent Santucci. Mojave National Preserve: Paleontological resource inventory (public version). National Park Service, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.36967/2299742.
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Mojave National Preserve (MOJA) in the Mojave Desert of southern California hosts an extensive geologic record, with units ranging in age from the Paleoproterozoic (2.5 to 1.7 billion years ago) to the Quaternary (present day). MOJA topography is dominated by numerous mountain ranges hosting extensive geological exposures divided by expansive valleys, dunes, and a low elevation dry salt lake. Some geological units are fossil-bearing, both within the preserve and in adjacent lands outside the boundaries of the preserve. The fossils preserved within MOJA span from the Proterozoic Eon (uncertain maximum age of fossiliferous rocks, but at least approximately 550 million years ago) to the Holocene Epoch (beginning 11,700 years ago). Abundant and diverse marine fossils are preserved in units dated from the late Proterozoic through most of the Cambrian, as well as from the Devonian through the early Permian. More recent volcanic tuff and unconsolidated sedimentary deposits in valleys preserve Cenozoic flora and fauna. Geologic surveys documented paleontological resources within the modern (2023) boundaries of MOJA as early as 1914, but fossils were rarely the focus of detailed study, and no comprehensive inventory was compiled. John Hazzard was the first geologist to devote significant attention to the study of paleontology within MOJA. Throughout the 1930s and 1940s, Hazzard and collaborators identified Paleozoic assemblages within the Kelso and Providence Mountains. Between the 1950s to 1980s, several dissertations and theses described the geology of various areas within MOJA, in which the authors provided limited paleontological descriptions and fossil locality information. Jack Mount conducted extensive paleontological research in the Cambrian sections of the Providence Mountains in the 1970s and 1980s, focusing on olenellid trilobites in the Latham Shale. As early as the 1960s, rockhounds collecting opalite and petrified wood discovered fossilized plant material and vertebrate bones in areas now in south-central MOJA and notified paleontologists at San Bernardino County Museum (SBCM). This resulted in one of the only paleontological excavations in what is now MOJA, with collections of Miocene vertebrate fauna including camelid and early rhino material. More recently, James Hagadorn reported the late-surviving Ediacaran organism Swartpuntia in an assemblage from the Wood Canyon Formation of the Kelso Mountains in 2000. From October 2021 to January 2022, a field inventory was conducted to determine the scope and distribution (both temporal and geospatial) of paleontological resources at MOJA. An additional week of field work was conducted in December 2022. A total of thirteen localities were documented and field-checked throughout the preserve. These localities resulted from field checks of previously reported fossil sites, as well as new discoveries based on literature searches and information provided by MOJA staff. The findings of this report constitute a baseline of paleontology resource data for MOJA, and reflect the current understanding of the scope, significance, and distribution of MOJA’s fossil record. This report provides a foundation for the management and protection of paleontological resources within MOJA and supports future education, interpretation,
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Johnson, Emily, Sofia Andeskie, Justin Tweet, and Vincent Santucci. Mojave National Preserve: Paleontological resource inventory (sensitive version). National Park Service, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.36967/2299463.
Full textAbstract:
Mojave National Preserve (MOJA) in the Mojave Desert of southern California hosts an extensive geologic record, with units ranging in age from the Paleoproterozoic (2.5 to 1.7 billion years ago) to the Quaternary (present day). MOJA topography is dominated by numerous mountain ranges hosting extensive geological exposures divided by expansive valleys, dunes, and a low elevation dry salt lake. Some geological units are fossil-bearing, both within the preserve and in adjacent lands outside the boundaries of the preserve. The fossils preserved within MOJA span from the Proterozoic Eon (uncertain maximum age of fossiliferous rocks, but at least approximately 550 million years ago) to the Holocene Epoch (beginning 11,700 years ago). Abundant and diverse marine fossils are preserved in units dated from the late Proterozoic through most of the Cambrian, as well as from the Devonian through the early Permian. More recent volcanic tuff and unconsolidated sedimentary deposits in valleys preserve Cenozoic flora and fauna. Geologic surveys documented paleontological resources within the modern (2023) boundaries of MOJA as early as 1914, but fossils were rarely the focus of detailed study, and no comprehensive inventory was compiled. John Hazzard was the first geologist to devote significant attention to the study of paleontology within MOJA. Throughout the 1930s and 1940s, Hazzard and collaborators identified Paleozoic assemblages within the Kelso and Providence Mountains. Between the 1950s to 1980s, several dissertations and theses described the geology of various areas within MOJA, in which the authors provided limited paleontological descriptions and fossil locality information. Jack Mount conducted extensive paleontological research in the Cambrian sections of the Providence Mountains in the 1970s and 1980s, focusing on olenellid trilobites in the Latham Shale. As early as the 1960s, rockhounds collecting opalite and petrified wood at Hackberry Wash discovered fossilized plant material and vertebrate bones and notified paleontologists at San Bernardino County Museum (SBCM). This resulted in one of the only paleontological excavations in what is now MOJA, with collections of Miocene vertebrate fauna including camelid and early rhino material. More recently, James Hagadorn reported the late-surviving Ediacaran organism Swartpuntia in an assemblage from the Wood Canyon Formation of the Kelso Mountains in 2000. From October 2021 to January 2022, a field inventory was conducted to determine the scope and distribution (both temporal and geospatial) of paleontological resources at MOJA. An additional week of field work was conducted in December 2022. A total of thirteen localities were documented and field-checked throughout the preserve. These localities resulted from field checks of previously reported fossil sites, as well as new discoveries based on literature searches and information provided by MOJA staff. The findings of this report constitute a baseline of paleontology resource data for MOJA, and reflect the current understanding of the scope, significance, and distribution of MOJA’s fossil record. This report provides a foundation for the management and protection of paleontological resources within MOJA and supports future education, interpretation, and research.
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Darby, Michael, and James Lothian. Economic Events and Keynesian Ideas: The 1930s and the 1970s. National Bureau of Economic Research, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w1987.
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