Dissertations / Theses: 'The Abattoir at Night'

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陳明昕 and Ming-yan Chan. "Sheung Shui abattoir." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1995. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31982256.

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Chan, Ming-yan. "Sheung Shui abattoir." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1995. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B25949469.

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Thesis (M. Arch.)--University of Hong Kong, 1995.
Includes special study report entitled: Odour pollutant emissions control methodologies: for an abattoir and other applications. Includes bibliographical references.

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Brady, A.-M. B. "Protein products enzymatically derived from abattoir waste." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 1985. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.370344.

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Lau, Chi-yung, and 劉智勇. "Need assessment for relocation of Cheung Sha Wan Abattoir." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1992. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31258013.

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Lau, Chi-yung. "Need assessment for relocation of Cheung Sha Wan Abattoir /." [Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong], 1992. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B13357803.

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Kossen, James. "Techno economic assessment of abattoir waste treatment using microalgae." Thesis, Kossen, James (2016) Techno economic assessment of abattoir waste treatment using microalgae. Honours thesis, Murdoch University, 2016. https://researchrepository.murdoch.edu.au/id/eprint/33941/.

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Wastewater from Abattoir systems is highly concentrated with nutrients from the processes that occur in the day to day operation of the facilities. The current systems in place to treat this wastewater are usually lacklustre in regards to Nitrogen and Phosphorous reduction. The following thesis investigates the Techno Economics of installing a microalgae treatment system in order to reduce the overall Nitrogen and Phosphorous levels effectively. Microalgae growth has been shown to lower the levels of these nutrients as they are key growth components of biomass. In order to find the Techno Economics a treatment system must first be designed for the abattoir waste. There is an extensive literature published in regards to abattoir waste loading including case studies from real abattoir systems. This literature data as well as the data from a local abattoir was used to find the total potential biomass that can be generated from the Nitrogen and Phosphorous loadings. With the total potential biomass calculated the land area required to generate the biomass was calculated using a specific microalgae growth rate in unit (g/m2/day). Once the land size was calculated the total pond system design began. Using the literature data supplied by Meat and Livestock Australia (MLA) and the Australian Meat Processor Corporation (AMPC) unique systems were designed for three different size abattoirs. The data supplied was analysed on Pre AD data as well as simulated Post AD data as it was not recorded by the abattoirs. The total scale of these abattoirs ranged from a large scale (>2000 kL/day) to a small scale family run abattoir (<200 kL/day). The potential of these systems to generate biomass vary greatly from case to case. Biomass generation is important, as this will account for a large portion of the revenue needed for the profits generation. The techno economics for these systems increase as the systems get larger however the initial Capital Investment and annual Operational Expenditure do not rise greatly as the systems get larger. Several break even schemes were solved, by altering the price/kg of biomass, for each system in order to find the minimum biomass sale price. This value greatly increases as the size of the abattoir goes down, as expected due to the lower biomass generation as well as the similar system CAPEX and OPEX. For the largest abattoir the minimum sale price was $0.82/kg and for the smallest system it was $5.85/kg. The largest abattoir case is an achievable sale price requiring only a small margin commodity as opposed to the smallest scale which would require more expensive biomass to grow. The second case study supplied only the Post AD data which required no manipulation. The supplied data was taken over a 5 year period so the minimum, average and maximum waste loading cases, over this period, were analysed. The variation from the minimum case to the maximum case is ~830 kg potential biomass daily generated. This equates to a substantial difference in system design ranging from a 2 ha minimum system to a 9 ha pond system. As in Case Study one three break even schemes were solved for each individual case, the range of the sale data was $0.94/kg biomass for the minimum case and $0.89/kg biomass for the maximum case. These are achievable values depending on which microalgae strain will grow. From the analysis performed microalgae growth in Raceway ponds using feed from the abattoir wastewater is an economically viable project. The more biomass generated the lower minimum biomass sale price for break even as well as raise the NPV of the project. The market demand and specific microalgae strain that will grow in the effluent will determine the economic viability of raceway pond installation; however with the required $/kg being low, the system should be viable for most large scale abattoirs.

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Foster, Louise. "Microalgae culture to treat anaerobic digestion abattoir effluent (ADAE)." Thesis, Foster, Louise (2019) Microalgae culture to treat anaerobic digestion abattoir effluent (ADAE). Masters by Coursework thesis, Murdoch University, 2019. https://researchrepository.murdoch.edu.au/id/eprint/51443/.

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Current abattoir wastewater treatment options involving aerobic and anaerobic digestion systems are relatively inefficient in reducing the inorganic nutrient load (i.e. ammonium and phosphate) of the effluent. With anaerobic lagoons favoured in Australia resulting in large land footprint, loss of environmental and economic value in the form of water and nutrient recovery. The cultivation of microalgae on undiluted anaerobic digestion abattoir effluent (ADAE) offers many potential benefits such as the bioremediation of waste nutrients typically found in the effluent and simultaneous production of valuable algal biomass which represents the conversion of waste-to-profit. Microalgal culture on undiluted ADAE require minimal to no freshwater input and does not compete for arable land, it has the potential to play an important remediation role particularly during the final (tertiary) treatment phase. The generated biomass can also be a source of revenue for the targeted abattoir. To the best of my knowledge, to date, there has been no attempt on testing the growth of algae to treat undiluted ADAE. In this study, the growth, biomass productivity, photo physiology and nutrient removal rates of mono and mixed culture of Chlorella sp. and Scenedesmus sp. were evaluated in unfiltered and undiluted ADAE. Chlorella sp. showed the highest ammonium removal rate of up to 11.93±1.14 mgL-1 d-1 as well as the highest biomass productivity of 31.52±0.81 mgL-1 d-1 when compared to the other treatments. Phosphate removal rates were highest in the Scenedesmus cultures while the mixed cultures varied amongst other parameters measured (COD, Nitrite and Nitrate). Chlorella sp. with a specific growth rate of 0.260±0.047 d-1 and mixed Chlorella sp. within consortium (0.294±0.024 d-1) were the dominant species when compared to Scenedesmus sp. (0.062±0.011 d-1). Overall, Chlorella sp. was identified as the most efficient microalgal species capable of growing on undiluted ADAE with the potential to generate a waste-to-profit system.

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Henderson, Tasha Joi. "Blood Night." Digital Commons at Loyola Marymount University and Loyola Law School, 2015. https://digitalcommons.lmu.edu/etd/158.

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Johnson, Jessica D. "GRAD NIGHT." Digital Commons at Loyola Marymount University and Loyola Law School, 2020. https://digitalcommons.lmu.edu/etd/923.

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A coming of age dramedy in the vein of "American Graffiti" taking place in a modern, urban setting. Grad Night is about three graduating seniors trying to pull off the most epic senior prank of all time but it backfires into lessons that go far beyond high school.

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Hain, James. "Night Fever." Youngstown State University / OhioLINK, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ysu1341508193.

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Hallman, Cavan. "Night Launch." ScholarWorks@UNO, 2017. http://scholarworks.uno.edu/td/2326.

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Moody, Ingrid. "Night Vision /." Available to subscribers only, 2007. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1404356621&sid=3&Fmt=2&clientId=1509&RQT=309&VName=PQD.

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Slatton, Jason Edward. "Night moves." Birmingham, Ala. : University of Alabama at Birmingham, 2008. https://www.mhsl.uab.edu/dt/2008m/slatton.pdf.

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Young, Edward Cornford Stephen. "Night thoughts /." Cambridge : [GB] : Cambridge university press, 1989. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb35458618f.

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Trueblood, Jeffrey Allen. "Polar night." Thesis, University of Iowa, 2013. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/2649.

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For my thesis I plan on exploring the concepts and reasons that I make my art. I will talk about how I explore the night as my subject and the emotional response I hope to evoke with my work, and my influences and inspirations while exploring this topic. I will talk about how I try to show how in the modern world we try to take that darkness and drive it back with artificial lights intending to duplicate the world of daylight, but instead we create stages of normalcy in between the depths of the night allowing the individual imaginations of the viewer to dream into the darkness bringing their own experiences and emotions to the images and making an interactive viewing experience. By trying to recreate the mental state where our minds revert to the most primal instincts of fight or flight in the face of the unknown, despite our knowledge of what exists in the daylight, I try to reach a more primal work of art that goes beyond my early influences of the western Romantic art and show how these instincts still deeply affect us in our modern world.

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Fredriksson, Jonathan, and Wilhelm Lindberg. "Optimization model to improve the planning of a mobile abattoir." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Kommunikations- och transportsystem, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-139943.

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Today the planning of the transports at Hälsingestintan is done without any tools. Every year the problem regarding the planning is getting more complex and complicates the logistics of the transports. The purpose with the study is to investigate the logistics related to the mobile abattoir and the refrigerated truck in Hälsingestinans process flow. This is relevant due to identify if an optimization model has potential to reduce the transport costs when using this concept. Furthermore, the difference between the used planning strategies of the model and Hälsingestintan will be compared to identify if there are any clear differences between the methods.

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Verhoef, Geoffrey D., and mikewood@deakin edu au. "An experimental study of abattoir wastewater treatment from an economic perspective." Deakin University. School of Ecology and Environment, 2002. http://tux.lib.deakin.edu.au./adt-VDU/public/adt-VDU20060728.094000.

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The most cost effective treatment scheme for effluent from Midfield Meats, an abattoir in Warrnambool, Australia, was evaluated via a series of laboratory and commercial scale experiments. Effectiveness was measured in terms of suspended solids (SS) and biological oxygen demand (BOD) reduction. Economic assessment was based on predicted reduction in trade waste charges versus infrastructure and running costs. From the range of potential treatment technologies, those deemed most appropriate for trialling included pre-screening, sedimentation, coagulation and flocculation treatment and dissolved air floatation (DAF). Prior to evaluation of treatment types, flow, loads and contaminant characterisation of the waste streams was conducted to aid in selection of treatment type and capacity. Prescreening was found to be the most cost effective, followed by sedimentation, coagulation and flocculation treatment and finally DAF. The most economical treatment scheme that satisfied the requirements of Midfield Meats included a combination of prescreening and sedimentation. DAF and coagulation and flocculation treatment satisfactorily treated the wastewater, however were not cost effective under the current trade waste agreement.

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Wagude, Bethsheba Emily Akinyi. "Hazard analysis critical control point (HACCP) in a red meat abattoir." Diss., University of Pretoria, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/28615.

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Harmse, JL, JC Engelbrecht, and JL Bekker. "The Impact of Physical and Ergonomic Hazards on Poultry Abattoir ProcessingWorkers: A Review." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 2016. http://encore.tut.ac.za/iii/cpro/DigitalItemViewPage.external?sp=1001981.

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Abstract: The poultry abattoir industry continues to grow and contribute significantly to the gross domestic product in many countries. The industry expects working shifts of eight to eleven hours, during which workers are exposed to occupational hazards which include physical hazards ranging from noise, vibration, exposure to cold and ergonomic stress from manual, repetitive tasks that require force. A PubMed, Medline and Science Direct online database search, using specific keywords was conducted and the results confirmed that physical and ergonomic hazards impact on abattoir processing workers health, with harm not only to workers’ health but also as an economic burden due to the loss of their livelihoods and the need for treatment and compensation in the industry. This review endeavours to highlight the contribution poultry processing plays in the development of physical agents and ergonomic stress related occupational diseases in poultry abattoir processing workers. The impact includes noise-induced hearing loss, increased blood pressure, menstrual and work related upper limb disorders. These are summarised as a quick reference guide for poultry abattoir owners, abattoir workers, poultry associations, occupational hygienists and medical practitioners to assist in the safer management of occupational health in poultry abattoirs.

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GRABIAUD, MARIE-HELENE. "Campylobacter pylori : etude seroepidemiologique chez les employes d'abattoir." Lille 2, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989LIL2M353.

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Cartwright, Ann M. "Family mathematics night." [Denver, Colo.] : Regis University, 2006. http://165.236.235.140/lib/ACartwright2007.pdf.

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Cieszykowski, Jeannette Marie. "Restoring the night." Kansas State University, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/17598.

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Master of Landscape Architecture
Department of Landscape Architecture/Regional and Community Planning
Mary Catherine (Katie) Kingery-Page
Restorative landscapes, healing gardens, and therapeutic gardens can improve mental and physical health. They relieve stress, slow us down and make us appreciate the present moment (Kaplan 1995). Research confirms these benefits: “A restorative environment provides measurable physical and/or psychological benefit to human health” (Krinke 2005, 107). Unfortunately, few restorative landscapes are designed for night time use, though stress and the need for healing occur at all hours of the day and night. To that end, the purpose of this research is to create a set of lighting design strategies that will enable designers to create restorative landscapes for nighttime use and demonstrate how they can be applied. A literature review synthesizing the information on healing garden types, outdoor lighting techniques, and their relationship to Attention Restoration Theory, identified four main components required for a space to be considered restorative. Two precedent studies allowed the author to explore the components of Attention Restoration Theory and healing garden types. The lighting principles that afford these four components and healing garden types that are best suited for an urban public space were layered in a final design to create a restorative urban space that is functional at night. The set of design strategies created with the support of this research was applied to Occidental Square, a public park in Seattle, Washington. The applied design strategies are represented and demonstrated through the site design. With these tools in hand, designers can create spaces for those in need of rejuvenation, restoration, and tranquility not only during the day, but also at night.

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Awerbuck, Diane. "Gardening at night." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/7756.

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Karapetkova, Hollynd Feldman. "Deserts at Night." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2005. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1123766779.

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Sanders, Gregory L. (Gregory Lynn). "Night of Glass." Thesis, North Texas State University, 1988. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc331939/.

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Night of Glass is for chamber orchestra with an estimated performance time of 14 minutes. The instrumentation for the work, using one player per part, is Flute (also small glass wind chimes), Oboe (also 1 tuned water crystal), Clarinet in A (also small glass wind chimes), Bassoon (also 1 tuned water crystal), Horn in F (also 1 tuned water crystal), Trumpet in C (also 2 tuned water crystals), Percussion (Vibraphone, Glockenspiel, Chimes, Bell Tree, Hammered Dulcimer, 3 Suspended Cymbals, 1 Large Tam-tam, 4 Roto Toms, 3 Tympani), Piano, 1st Violin, 2nd Violin, Viola, Cello, and Double Bass, While not programmatic, the work is divided into six sections each expressing a predetermined emotional content: fragility, anxiety, solitude, fear, catharsis, and reconciliation. All are emotional contents which are found in the dream-state that is reflected in the work's title. All aspects of Night of Glass (i.e., pitch material, form structure, and structural density) are centered around the unifying factor of emotional projection within each section. The work seeks emotional content through the expansion of composition procedures while being accessible to listeners.

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McMaster, Arthur W. "Gathering night noises." [Gainesville, Fla.] : University of Florida, 2004. http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/etd/UFE0004404.

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Olson, Ted. "The Longest Night." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2012. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/1146.

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Wintner, Birgit. ""Night, night, sleep tight" : Effects of exercise and light on sleep physiology." Thesis, Högskolan i Skövde, Institutionen för biovetenskap, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:his:diva-15510.

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DeBeyer, Michael. "The Rural night catalogue." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp03/MQ62120.pdf.

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Song, Un Chu. "One full moon night." Thesis, California State University, Long Beach, 2014. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=1569052.

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One Full Moon Night, my MFA Project Exhibition, is a series of surrealistic drawings. The main inspiration of my exhibition stems from memories of my childhood fantasies. My subject matter portrays children exploring a surrealistic world and growing from this new experience. Despite their young age, my characters are often unafraid of the odd setting they find themselves in. The different kinds of animals in my drawings explore the places alongside the children.

For this MFA exhibition, I presented thirteen graphite pencil drawings on illustration board, ranging in size from nine inches by fifteen inches to eighteen inches by twenty-seven and half inches. I chose graphite as the primary medium because it allows me to accentuate details. Additionally, I intended to make people focus on my fantastical settings and stories by creating black and white scenes.

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Jensen, Amber L. "Breathing Through the Night." ScholarWorks@UNO, 2012. http://scholarworks.uno.edu/td/1446.

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In Breathing through the Night, the author examines the moments of understanding and misunderstanding, the moments of fear, coping, and relief that occur during her husband’s deployment to Iraq and upon his return. The experiences of this military family serve as a magnifying lens through which the author explores means of coping and the role of communication in making meaning from memory, in shaping personal narratives within layers of story and history.

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Moodley, Natasha. "Lies in the night." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/14604.

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Dudas, Stephen P. "Bumps in the Night." Miami University / OhioLINK, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=miami1376407973.

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Smith, Jennifer Lauren. "Every Night at 8pm." VCU Scholars Compass, 2011. http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/2496.

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An experiential thesis, this document begins at dawn, travels through storms and calm air and ends at night in Argentina. It details the circumstances and influences leading to my thesis exhibition at the Anderson Gallery, including an artist’s statement told through a creative reading of Ray Bradbury’s “All Summer in a Day” and the excitement I found in an out-of-print text on scuba diving.

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Jones, Marie C. "Night of No Exile." Thesis, University of North Texas, 1999. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc2217/.

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Night of no Exile is a collection of poems preceded by a critical article entitled "‘Exile seems both a blessing and a curse': A Blissful Reading of Li-Young Lee's Poetry." That article discusses Lee's quest to achieve communication, truth, and transcendence through poetic language and concludes that he finally reaches his goal through a leap from narrative poetry to lyricism. The "exile" alluded to in the title of the article is not only geographic, but also interioran exile due to the natural limitations of all languages, and which can be bridged only in linguistic ways. Lee's solution to that problem (lyricism) turns his poetry into what Roland Barthes would call "a text of bliss," a text that manages to deeply destabilize language, while simultaneously achieving a new kind of meaning. In the main body of the manuscript, the first section contains short love lyrics. The second section, "Night of no Exile," is an attempt at the demanding genre of the longer lyric poem. The third section uses short lyrics to explore various topics, such as discovering one's identity, friendship and solidarity between women, family history, and childhood memories. Finally, the last section includes poems, four of them longer, attempting to combine narrative and lyric impulses in a way not unlike Li-Young Lee's experimentation with those two genres.

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Buffa, Gabriele. "A Night´s Portrait." Master's thesis, Akademie múzických umění v Praze.Filmová a televizní fakulta. Knihovna, 2017. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-371122.

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Palmer, Kassandra Boehm. "Strangers in the night." Thesis, University of Iowa, 2018. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/6240.

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Whalley, James. "Saturday Night at the Movies : Saturday Night Live, Star Comedians and Contemporary Hollywood." Thesis, University of East Anglia, 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.514263.

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The subject of this thesis is the role of television programme Saturday Night Live (or SNL) in launching the careers of a significant number of Hollywood film stars over the last three decades. Started in 1975, SNL is a 90-minute comedy variety show broadcast live by the American television network NBC. Since its inception, it has employed regular casts of performers to present comic sketches. Several cast members, including John Belushi, Bill Murray, Eddie Murphy, Billy Crystal and Adam Sandler, have converted their exposure on the show into film stardom. In exploring the nature of SNL stars' appeal to Hollywood's filmmakers and audiences, the thesis primarily engages in two areas of debate. Firstly, it seeks to continue historicising what has been termed the "comedian comedy tradition" in Hollywood film. It has been noted that the Hollywood film industry has repeatedly turned to comic performers from other media with already well-defined, popular extra-fictional personas for use as star attractions. Certain consistencies have been found in the industry's approach to converting comedians' appeals for presentation within narrative fiction. However, approaches are also affected by historically specific industrial and social factors. I argue that the stars of SNL were instrumental to the development of a new variant of the comedian comedy tradition. Secondly, I suggest that the most important factor in explaining the nature of SNL's influence is shifts in social and cultural values in America since the 1960s. The personas of SNL stars I examine reflect trends in American public opinion connected to generational change. SNL has now employed cast members from across the baby boom generation (those born between 1943 and 1964) and Generation X (1965 to 1982). To consider the impact of generational factors, my analysis is centred around two case studies, the careers of Bill Murray and Adam Sandler.

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Kristjanson, Donna M. "I started to wear night." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/tape15/PQDD_0012/MQ32933.pdf.

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Walker, Philip Cabot. "The night between two days." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 1987. http://www.tren.com.

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Grice-Swenson, Debra. "The Culture of Night Nursing." Thesis, Adelphi University, 2015. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3663095.

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Healthcare, hospital environments, and the nursing workforce have been a focus of late in both the professional literature and public media especially in the wake of the Institute of Medicine's reports Keeping Patients Safe-Transforming the Work Environment of Nurses (IOM, 2004) and The Future of Nursing-Leading Change Advancing Health (IOM, 2011). These reports address patient safety and workforce issues such as staffing, organizational culture, and workforce characteristics. Very little research has been undertaken on the culture of night nursing or the roles, experiences and characteristics of night nurses. Therefore, a study of night nursing, using a qualitative ethnographic methodology, was chosen to address this gap. Because subcultures can influence the larger culture, knowledge regarding their unique characteristics and attributes becomes critically important especially in the culture of a large hospital.

The purpose of this study was to develop a description of night nursing as a subculture within the larger culture of nursing care and nursing practice that exists in a hospital setting. Data were collected during the researcher's 100 hours of participant observations on five differing nursing units in two hospitals, using semi-structured transcribed interviews with eight nurse informants on these same units, and through an analysis of relevant hospital documents. A synthesis of the collected data identified a subculture of night nursing with shared domains or attributes such as unique roles, rituals, hierarchies, and insider/outsider perspectives.

The final description included four themes that were extrapolated from the synthesized data: (1) night nursing is characterized by camaraderie and teamwork; (2) the environment of a night nurse is conducive to the development of critical thinking; (3) night nurses engage in a constant reflection about sleep; and (4) night nurses share a feeling of being undervalued.

The findings from this study have implications for administrators who must be aware of and understand the needs of night nurses especially related to being valued and included. For nurse educators, important implications center on preparing students for the uniqueness of the role of the night nurse, and planning formal educational offerings during the night shift for nurses. Further research is warranted using quantitative methods to validate and explore the themes and domain descriptions identified in this study.

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Bryan, Matthew. "The Whole Headlight-Colored Night." Master's thesis, University of Central Florida, 2009. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/3874.

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This collection of short fiction probes the lives of characters trying to make their home in the flat, unchanging landscape of the small towns that make up central Florida. The largely static environment reflects the rigid patterns of behavior and domesticity the characters find themselves so easily falling into. Seemingly ordinary items-a shotgun, a t-shirt, a paper bag-and the small moments that make up everyday life are imbued with significance as men and women painfully aware of their own ordinariness struggle to hold onto those fragile instances of connection, happiness, or even their own self-constructed sense of identity. The struggle becomes one of opposing forces: as characters yearn to connect to the people, places, and objects around them, they find themselves more and more attracted to the idea of escaping their own lives, even if for just a moment. Stories range from two pages to over twenty and introduce the reader to a diverse population of characters, from an out of work construction worker cum wannabe philosopher to an amateur historian writing a history nobody cares about to the one man who actually did escape-a cockfight organizer who made it big in Georgia before blowing himself up at a gas station. Characters fight over toothbrushes, puzzle out whether a father is just drunk or beautiful, and look for space stations they may or may not be able to see at all. As in life, in these stories, it's the small, quiet moments that come to define who these people are and demonstrate their pursuit of something bigger and more important, even if they don't have any idea what that may be.
M.F.A.
Department of English
Arts and Humanities
Creative Writing MFA

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Rosen, David. "Crystal Night : a short novel." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/7922.

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Includes bibliographical references.
Crystal Night is a teenage love story that takes place in South Africa in the 1980s between Rachel, a Jewess, and Danny, a Catholic. Initially the Jewish fear of intermarriage and anti-Semitism that Rachel inherits from her parents challenges this relationship, and when Danny is conscripted into the army by the Apartheid state, his mysterious death ends it.

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Harney, Alison Louise. "The night was as usual." View electronic thesis (PDF), 2009. http://dl.uncw.edu/etd/2009-1/rp/harneya/alisonharney.pdf.

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Morin, Gardarsdottir Benedikta. "Night shift workers´ sleep experience." Thesis, Mittuniversitetet, Institutionen för hälsovetenskap, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:miun:diva-37406.

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46

Shange, Nompumelelo. "Contamination of game carcasses during harvesting and slaughter operations at a South African abattoir." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/98112.

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Thesis (MSc Food Sc)--Stellenbosch University, 2015.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The consumption of game meat and its by-products is increasing locally and internationally. The increase in consumption requires research that is focused on the microbiological quality of game meat. The harvesting and slaughter process of springbok carcasses revealed the presence of bacterial contamination. Swab samples taken after skinning portrayed a presence of Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Enterobacteriaceae. Springbok carcasses swabbed after chilling indicated aerobic bacteria, Clostridium spp. and lactic acid bacteria. In contrast, swab samples taken at the evisceration’s incision area tend to be lower in counts when compared to swab samples taken after skinning and after chilling. Bacterial contamination was linked to poor hygienic practices during the harvesting and slaughter process. Results showed a need for the investigation of the slaughter process. To evaluate the slaughter process’s impact on the microbial quality of game carcasses, black wildebeest (Connochaetes gnou) carcasses were sampled throughout the slaughter process. Before skinning, aerobic bacteria, Enterobacteriaceae, and E. coli were enumerated from hide samples, counts ranged from 0.92 to 7.84 log cfu/g. after skinning, bacterial counts ranged from 0.93 to 6.12 log cfu/g and further decreased after chilling. Clostridium spp. counts increased after skinning, however, statistical analysis detected no significant differences between counts. Salmonella spp. was not detected. The results indicate that bacterial contamination does occur during the slaughter process. Hygienic status during the production of game meat products was also determined. Bacterial counts from raw game meat ranged from 2.37 to 5.37 log cfu/g. Counts as high as 6.16 log cfu/g were enumerated from retail products. Aerobic plate counts (APC) from ≤ 2.62 log cfu/cm2 to ≤ 6.3log cfu/cm2 were enumerated from surfaces, hands and equipment during production. Results highlighted the inefficiency of cleaning procedures and revealed that contaminated meat can allow for bacterial contamination. To determine if muscle pH influences colour stability and microbial spoilage of game meat, normal (n=6) and dark, firm and dry (DFD) (n=6) black wildebeest Longissimus thoracis et lumborum (LTL) muscles were studied. pH affected colour, as initial (day 0) L*,a*,b*,C* and Hab values from Normal pH samples were significantly higher than values reported for DFD samples. Initial APC and Enterobacteriaceae counts from samples with Normal pH were not significantly different from counts reported for DFD samples. Initial contamination was linked to the harvesting and slaughter process. Further refrigeration (5±1ºC) for 12 days in an aerobic environment and analyses of samples every third day revealed that pH did not affect lightness and brownness as L* and b* values for DFD samples did not significantly differ overtime, the same trend was seen for samples with Normal pH. Normal pH samples showed a significant increase in a* and C* values until day 12, whilst Hab values decreased until the 12th day. The same trend was seen for a* and C* values for DFD samples until the 9th day as on the 12th day values increased. Similarly, Hab values for DFD samples decreased until the 9th day, then increased on the 12th day. Using the microbial spoilage limit of 6 log cfu/g, it was seen that DFD meat reached this limit earlier than samples with Normal pH. Overall, the study provides baseline information on the microbiological quality of game meat harvested in South Africa and slaughtered at a South African abattoir.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die plaaslike en internasionale verbruik van wildsvleis en wildsvleisprodukte is aan’t toeneem. Hierdie toename in verbuik vereis navorsing wat gefokus is op die mikrobiese kwaliteit van wildsvleis. Die oes-en slagproses van springbok karkasse het die teenwoordigheid van bakteriese kontaminasie aan die lig gebring. Monsters geneem met ŉ depper na afslag van karkasse het ŉ teenwoordigheid van Escherichia coli (E. coli) getoon. Springbok karkasse wat getoets is na verkoeling het hoë vlakke van die aërobiese bakterium Clostridium spp. en van melksuurbakterieë getoon. In teenstelling hiermee is getalle laer rondom die ontweidings insnyding. Bakteriese kontaminasie was gekoppel aan swak higiëne gedurende die oes- en slagproses. Hierdie resultate het ŉ ondersoek van die slagproses aangemoedig. Om die impak van die slagproses op die mikrobiese kwaliteit van wildskarkasse te evalueer, is monsters regdeur geneem van swartwildebees (Connochaetes gnou). Getalle van aërobiese bakterieë, Enterobacteriaceae, en E. coli was bepaal op vel monsters voor afslag; getalle het gewissel tussen 0.92 en 7.84 log cve/g. Getalle van bakterieë na afslag het gewissel tussen 0.93 en 6.12 log cfu/g, en het verder afgeneem na verkoeling. Clostridum spp. het toegeneem na afslag, maar statistiese analises het geen beduidende verskille getoon nie. Monsters het negatief getoets vir Salmonella spp. Die resultate toon aan dat bakteriese kontaminasie wel plaasvind gedurende die slagproses. Die higiëniese status gedurende die produksie van wildsvleis is ook vasgestel. Bakteriegetalle van rou wildsvleis het gewissel tussen 2.37 log cve/g en 5.37 log cve/g. Getalle van handelsprodukte het getalle getoon van soveel as 6.16 log cve/g. Aërobiese plaat telling tussen ≤2.62 cve/cm2 en ≤ 6.3log cve/cm2 is vasgestel vanaf oppervlakte, hande en toerusting gedurende produksie. Resultate beklemtoon die ondoeltreffendheid van skoonmaakprosedures en wys dat aangetaste vleis bakteriese kontaminasie kan toelaat. Om te bepaal of die kleurstabiliteit en mikrobiese bederf van wildsvleis geaffekteer word deur spiere se pH, is normale (n=6) en donker, ferm, en droë (DFD) (n=6) Longissimus thoracis et lumborum (LTL) spiere van die swartwildebees bestudeer. Kleur was geaffekteer deur vleis pH, siende dat die aanvanklike waardes (dag 0) vir L*, a*, b*, C* en Hab aansienlik hoër was vir monsters met normale pH as DFD monsters. Aanvanklike getalle van aërobiese plaat telling en Enterobacteriaceae telling van monsters met Normale pH het nie beduidend verskil van DFD monsters nie. Aanvanklike besmetting was gekoppel aan die oes- en slagproses. Verdere verkoeling (5±1ºC) vir 12 dae in ŉ aërobiese omgewing en analise van monsters wys dat pH nie ligtheid en bruinheid affekteer nie; waardes vir L* en b* vir DFD monsters het nie beduidend verskil oor tyd nie. Dieselfde geld vir monsters met Normale pH. Monsters met Normale pH het ŉ beduidende toename in a* en C* getoon tot en met dag 12, terwyl waardes vir Hab afgeneem het tot en met dag 12. Dieselfde patroon is waargeneem by waardes vir a* en C* vir DFD monsters tot en met dag 9, terwyl dit toegeneem het op die 12de dag. Soortgelyk het Hab waardes vir DFD monsters afgeneem tot n met dag 9, en toegeneem op die 12de dag. Dit is ook gevind dat DFD vleis die limiet vir mikrobiese bederf (6 log cve/g) vroeër bereik as monsters met Normale pH. Die studie voorsien basis inligting oor die mikrobiese kwaliteit van wildsvleis wat geoes is in Suid Afrika, en geslag is by Suid Afrikaanse slagpale.

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47

Karama, Musafiri. "The microbial quality of ostrich carcases produced in a export-approved South African abattoir." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/23373.

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The aim of this study was to evaluate the microbial quality of ostrich carcases produced in a South African export-approved ostrich abattoir. Ninety surface samples were collected on 30 ostrich carcases at three processing points in the abattoir: post-flaying, post-evisceration and post-chilling. Carcase samples were evaluated for the Aerobic Plate Count (APC), Pseudomonas spp., Enterobacteriaceae, Staphylococcus aureus and for the presence of Escherichia coli and presumptive Salmonella spp. One hundred isolates obtained from the APC were identified. The mean log CFU/cm2 and standard deviations for surface counts at post-flaying, post-evisceration and post-chilling processing points respectively were: 4.32 ±0.62, 4.21 ±0.63 and 4.57 ±0.48 for the APC; 2.82 ±1.65, 2.86 ±1.53 and 3.75 ±0.94 for Pseudomonas spp.; 2.89 ±0.78, 2.90 ±0.53 and 2.38 ±0.67 for S. aureus and 2.55 ±1.53, 2.78 ±1.31 and 2.73 ±1.46 for Enterobacteriaceae. No significant differences were detected between the mean log counts of the post-flaying and post-evisceration processing points for the above-mentioned bacterial counts. However, statistically significant differences were detected between the mean log CFU/cm2 counts for post-flaying and post-chilling and between the counts for the post-evisceration and the post-chilling processing points for the APC, Pseudomonas spp. and S. aureus. The trend was towards a marginal increase for the APC, and a negligible decrease for S. aureus counts obtained on samples collected post-chilling. However, there was an increase of practical significance for Pseudomonas spp. counts obtained post-chilling. Seventeen out of 90 (18.8%) samples were positive for E. coli in terms of samples collected and 13 out of 30 (43%) in terms of carcases sampled. Log CFU/cm2 counts for E. coli positive samples ranged from 1.0 to 3.79, with a mean log count of 2.15. Most of the samples, which were positive for E. coli were collected post-evisceration. The prevalence rate for presumptive Salmonella spp. on both Brilliant Green Agar and Xylose Lysine Desoxycolate Agar was 15.5% in terms of samples collected and 23.3% in terms of carcases sampled. Most of the positive samples were collected post-evisceration. The proportional distribution of one hundred (100) bacterial isolates identified was Enterobacteriaceae: 57%, Acinetobacter spp.: 24 %, Pseudomonas spp.: 11%, Aeromonas spp.: 3%, Micrococcus spp.: 3%, Staphylococcus spp.: 1% and yeasts: 1%. Enterobacteriaceae were the predominant bacteria in terms of the total number of isolates identified per processing point and for the whole study.
Dissertation (MMedVet (Hyg))--University of Pretoria, 2001.
Paraclinical Sciences
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Karama, Musafiri. "The microbial quality of ostrich carcases produced at an export-approved South African abattoir." Electronic thesis, 2001. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-03232005-134430/.

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49

Mazeri, Stella. "Improved use of abattoir information to aid the management of liver fluke in cattle." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/28869.

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Fasciolosis, caused by the trematode parasite Fasciola hepatica, is a multi-host parasitic disease affecting many countries worldwide. It is a well-recognized clinically and economically important disease of food producing animals such as cattle and sheep. In the UK, the incidence and distribution of fasciolosis has been increasing in the last decade while the timing of acute disease is becoming more variable and the season suitable for parasite development outside the mammalian host has been extended. Meanwhile control is proving increasingly difficult due to changing weather conditions, increased animal movements and developing anthelmintic resistance. Forecasting models have been around for a long time to aid health planning related to fasciolosis control, but studies identifying management related risk factors are limited. Moreover, the lack of information on the accuracy of meat inspection and available liver fluke diagnostic tests hinders effective monitoring of disease prevalence and treatment. So far, the evaluation of tests available for the diagnosis of the infection in cattle has mainly been carried out using gold standard approaches or under experimental settings, the limitations of which are well known. In cattle, the infection mainly manifests as a sub-clinical disease, resulting in indirect production losses, which are difficult to estimate. The lack of obvious clinical signs results in these losses commonly being attributed to other causes such as poor weather conditions or bad quality forage. This further undermines establishment of appropriate control strategies, as it is difficult to convince farmers to treat without demonstrating clear economic losses of sub-clinical disease. This project explores the value of slaughterhouse data in understanding the changing epidemiology of fasciolosis, identifying sustainable control measures and estimating the effect of infection on production parameters using data collected at one of the largest cattle and sheep abattoirs in Scotland. Data used in this study include; a) abattoir data routinely collected during 2013 and 2014, b) data collected during 3 periods of abattoir based sampling, c) data collected through administration of a management questionnaire and d) climatic and environmental data from various online sources. A Bayesian extension of the Hui Walter no gold standard model was used to estimate the diagnostic sensitivity and specificity of five diagnostic tests for fasciolosis in cattle, which were applied on 619 samples collected from the abattoir during three sampling periods; summer 2013, winter 2014 and autumn 2014. The results provided novel information on the performance of these tests in a naturally infected cattle population at different times of the year. Meat inspection was estimated to have a sensitivity of 0.68 (95% BCI 0.61-0.75) and a specificity of 0.88 (95% BCI 0.85-0.91). Accurate estimates of sensitivity and specificity will allow for routine abattoir liver inspection to be used as a tool for monitoring the epidemiology of F. hepatica as well as evaluating herd health planning. Linear regression modelling was used to estimate the delay in reaching slaughter weight in beef cattle infected with F. hepatica, accounting for other important factors such as weight, age, sex, breed and farm as a random effect. The model estimated that cattle classified as having fluke based on routine liver inspection had on average 10 (95% CI 9-12) days greater slaughter age, assuming an average carcass weight of 345 kg. Furthermore, estimates from a second model indicated that the increase in age at slaughter was more severe for higher fibrosis scores. More precisely, the increase in slaughter age was 34 (95% CI 11-57) days for fibrosis score of 1, 93 (95% CI 57-128) days for fibrosis score 2 and 78 (95% CI 30-125) days for fibrosis score 3. Similarly, in a third model comparing different burden categories with animals with no fluke burden, there was a 31 (95% CI 7-56) days increase in slaughter age for animals with 1 to 10 parasites and 77 (95% CI 32-124) days increase in animals with more than 10 parasites found in their livers. Lastly, a multi-variable mixed effects logistic regression model was built to estimate the association between climate, environmental, management and animal specific factors and the risk of an animal being infected by F. hepatica. Multiple imputation methodology was employed to deal with missing data arising from skipped questions in the questionnaire. Results of the regression model confirmed the importance of temperature, rainfall and cattle movements in increasing the risk for fasciolosis, while it indicated that the presence of deer can increase the risk of infection and that male cattle have a reduced risk of infection. Overall, this project has used slaughterhouse data to fill important knowledge gaps regarding F. hepatica infection in cattle. It has provided valuable information on the accuracy of routine abattoir meat inspection, as well as other diagnostic tests. It has also provided estimates of the effect of infection on the time cattle take to reach slaughter weight at different levels of infection and identified relevant risk factors related to the infection. In conclusion, knowledge of the effect of infection on slaughter age, as well as regional risk factors for F. hepatica infection, along with an improved use of abattoir inspection results in the evaluation of treatment strategies, can provide farmers and veterinarians with better incentives and tools to improve their herd health strategies and in the longer term help reduce the incidence of liver fluke in cattle.

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Bond, Alison Louise. "Farm and abattoir assessment of pig welfare and the effect on carcass and meat quality." Thesis, University of Bristol, 2010. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.541602.

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