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Niz, Quevedo Gustavo. "The big crunch/big bang singularity in string/M-theory." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2007. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.612804.
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Lara, Juan Felipe. "Neutrino heating and baryon inhomogeneity in big bang nucleosynthesis /." Full text (PDF) from UMI/Dissertation Abstracts International, 2000. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/utexas/fullcit?p3004313.
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Mazzotti, Elisa. "The translation of humour in the sitcom The Big Bang Theory." Bachelor's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2019.
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This paper sets out to analyse one of the greatest difficulties encountered when dubbing audiovisual products, namely the rendition of humour, with specific reference to the popular television show The Big Bang Theory and its Italian translation. Starting from a more general look into the field of audiovisual translation, as well as a short historical outline, particular attention will be paid to the process of dubbing, with an overview on the various stages of the process and the main difficulties involved. The second chapter will focus on the translation of culture and cultural references as well as the rendition of different types of humour, with particular mention to the issues related to cultural humour and wordplay. The third and last chapter will consist of a case study on The Big Bang Theory, focusing on some of the key aspects related to humour and how it was dubbed into Italian. Attention will be paid to the highly debated translations of instances of universal humour in the first season, followed by a closer look at how humour is translated when based on cultural identities, and lastly by examples of successful and unsuccessful translation of wordplay throughout the show.
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Gibbs, M. J. "Baryon and lepton number violation at supercolliders." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.338254.
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Coughlan, G. D. "Cosmological inflation and supersymmetric particle physics : Implications for the big-bang theory." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1985. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.355735.
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Bridgman, Helen Amanda. "Classical and quantum fluctuations in superstring cosmology." Thesis, University of Portsmouth, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.247490.
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Silva, Soraya Madeira da. "Is nerd the new sexy? Um estudo sobre a recepção da série televisiva The Big Bang Theory." www.teses.ufc.br, 2016. http://www.repositorio.ufc.br/handle/riufc/17708.
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SILVA, Soraya Madeira da. Is nerd the new sexy? Um estudo sobre a recepção da série televisiva The Big Bang Theory. 2016. 178f. – Dissertação (Mestrado) – Universidade Federal do Ceará, Instituto de Cultura e Arte, Programa de Pós-graduação em Comunicação Social, Fortaleza (CE), 2016.Submitted by Márcia Araújo (marcia_m_bezerra@yahoo.com.br) on 2016-06-15T14:32:35Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2016_dis_smsilva.pdf: 3247280 bytes, checksum: 6dcebf3f11041ecdfb9d88b5efa68c2e (MD5)
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This research aims to investigate the relationship of people with the TV show The Big Bang Theory and their perception as to whether they consider themselves or are considered nerds. This group, which has long been seen and treated as a pariah of society, has gained fame in recent years and had his image reformulated in the media. This work, in a first moment, seeks to address the nerd profile, analyzing their history, characteristics and media representations in products as TV series and movies, to make a reflection about what means to be nerd currently. For this analysis, the authors Nugent (2008), Goffman (1988), Fernando and Rios (2001) and Bourdieu (1983) are used to identify the group's distinguishing characteristics, their stigmatization in society and its relationship with consumption and the media. Then, a discussion about the connection between communication and culture is aroused, using authors like Caune (2004), Thompson (2001), Schulman (2004) and Morley (1996), among others, to highlight the importance of cultural studies within the scope of this research. Production and consumption are intertwined when we look conveyed cultural products in mass media, so TV series, their classification, public relationship and the importance of the characters that make them up are analyzed as elements connecting product and audience. Jost (2012), Esquenazi (2010), Seger (2006), Davis (2001) and Field (2001) are used to explain the production processes of TV series and character creation, fundamentals to understand the success of an American TV show The Big Bang Theory, displayed on CBS (EUA) and Warner Channel (Brazil). After a detailed analyze of this sitcom's characters, the results of the research carried out for this job are presented. As methodology, a structured survey, with a quantitative and a qualitative approach was applied in a random sample of 600 person, with the purpose of investigate their consuming habits, favorite TV series, connection with characters, perceptions about The Big Bang Theory and their vision about consider themselves or be considered nerd by others. At the conclusion of this research, it is reported that the relationship between people and cultural products they consume is based on affect and identification with the plot and characters in the story. Regarding The Big Bang Theory series, different opinions are presented on the character stereotyping and narrative evolution. Finally, it's concluded that being a nerd, or be considered as well, nowadays it is still something that carries a lot of negativity for those who do not fall within the group, but becomes a empowering factor for who is included. This identity is constructed through the high consumption of cultural products aimed at establishing an emotional connection with these people and offering a projection of the narrative of their lives.
Esta pesquisa tem como objetivo investigar a relação das pessoas com a série televisiva The Big Bang Theory e sua percepção a respeito de se considerarem ou serem consideradas nerds. Este grupo, durante muito tempo visto e retratado como pária da sociedade, vem ganhando fama nos últimos anos e tem sua imagem reformulada nos meios midiáticos. Este trabalho, em um primeiro momento, procura traçar o perfil do nerd, analisando seu histórico, características e representações midiáticas, em produtos como séries e filmes, para fazer uma reflexão sobre o que é ser nerd atualmente. Para esta avaliação, os autores Nugent (2008), Goffman (1988), Fernando e Rios (2001) e Bourdieu (1983) são usados para identificar as características distintivas do grupo, sua estigmatização perante a sociedade e sua relação com o consumo e a mídia. Em seguida, levanta-se uma discussão a respeito da conexão entre comunicação e cultura, utilizando autores como Caune (2004), Thompson (2001), Schulman (2004) e Morley (1996), dentre outros, para ressaltar a importância dos Estudos Culturais dentro do âmbito desta pesquisa. Produção e consumo estão interligados quando analisamos produtos culturais veiculados em meios de comunicação de massa, por isso são analisados as séries televisivas, sua classificação, relação com o público e a importância dos personagens que as compõem como elementos de conexão entre produto e audiência. Jost (2012), Esquenazi (2010), Seger (2006), Davis (2001) e Field (2001) são utilizados para explanar os processos de produção de séries e de criação de personagens, fundamentais para entender o sucesso da série televisiva americana The Big Bang Theory, exibida pela CBS (EUA) e pela Warner Channel (Brasil). Após uma análise detalha dos personagens destas sitcom, apresenta-se os resultados da pesquisa realizada para este trabalho. Como metodologia, um questionário estruturado, com abordagem quantitativa e qualitativa, foi aplicado em uma amostra aleatória de 600 pessoas, com o objetivo de investigar seus hábitos de consumo, séries favoritas, conexão com os personagens, percepções acerca da série The Big Bang Theory e sua visão sobre considerarem-se ou serem considerados nerds por outras pessoas. Na conclusão desta pesquisa, relata-se que a relação das pessoas com os produtos culturais que consomem é baseada por afetos e identificação com o enredo e personagens da história. Em relação à série The Big Bang Theory, opiniões diversas são apresentadas sobre a estereotipificação dos personagens e evolução da narrativa. Por fim, conclui-se que ser nerd, ou ser considerado assim, hoje em dia ainda é algo que carrega bastante negatividade para quem não se insere no grupo, mas se torna um fator de empoderamento para quem se inclui. Esta identidade é construída através do alto consumo de produtos culturais que visam estabelecer uma conexão afetiva com essas pessoas e oferecer uma projeção da narrativa de suas vidas.
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Silva, Soraya Madeira da. "Is nerd the new sexy? A study on the reception of the television series The Big Bang Theory." Universidade Federal do CearÃ, 2016. http://www.teses.ufc.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=17127.
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nÃo hÃEsta pesquisa tem como objetivo investigar a relaÃÃo das pessoas com a sÃrie televisiva The Big Bang Theory e sua percepÃÃo a respeito de se considerarem ou serem consideradas nerds. Este grupo, durante muito tempo visto e retratado como pÃria da sociedade, vem ganhando fama nos Ãltimos anos e tem sua imagem reformulada nos meios midiÃticos. Este trabalho, em um primeiro momento, procura traÃar o perfil do nerd, analisando seu histÃrico, caracterÃsticas e representaÃÃes midiÃticas, em produtos como sÃries e filmes, para fazer uma reflexÃo sobre o que à ser nerd atualmente. Para esta avaliaÃÃo, os autores Nugent (2008), Goffman (1988), Fernando e Rios (2001) e Bourdieu (1983) sÃo usados para identificar as caracterÃsticas distintivas do grupo, sua estigmatizaÃÃo perante a sociedade e sua relaÃÃo com o consumo e a mÃdia. Em seguida, levanta-se uma discussÃo a respeito da conexÃo entre comunicaÃÃo e cultura, utilizando autores como Caune (2004), Thompson (2001), Schulman (2004) e Morley (1996), dentre outros, para ressaltar a importÃncia dos Estudos Culturais dentro do Ãmbito desta pesquisa. ProduÃÃo e consumo estÃo interligados quando analisamos produtos culturais veiculados em meios de comunicaÃÃo de massa, por isso sÃo analisados as sÃries televisivas, sua classificaÃÃo, relaÃÃo com o pÃblico e a importÃncia dos personagens que as compÃem como elementos de conexÃo entre produto e audiÃncia. Jost (2012), Esquenazi (2010), Seger (2006), Davis (2001) e Field (2001) sÃo utilizados para explanar os processos de produÃÃo de sÃries e de criaÃÃo de personagens, fundamentais para entender o sucesso da sÃrie televisiva americana The Big Bang Theory, exibida pela CBS (EUA) e pela Warner Channel (Brasil). ApÃs uma anÃlise detalha dos personagens destas sitcom, apresenta-se os resultados da pesquisa realizada para este trabalho. Como metodologia, um questionÃrio estruturado, com abordagem quantitativa e qualitativa, foi aplicado em uma amostra aleatÃria de 600 pessoas, com o objetivo de investigar seus hÃbitos de consumo, sÃries favoritas, conexÃo com os personagens, percepÃÃes acerca da sÃrie The Big Bang Theory e sua visÃo sobre considerarem-se ou serem considerados nerds por outras pessoas. Na conclusÃo desta pesquisa, relata-se que a relaÃÃo das pessoas com os produtos culturais que consomem à baseada por afetos e identificaÃÃo com o enredo e personagens da histÃria. Em relaÃÃo à sÃrie The Big Bang Theory, opiniÃes diversas sÃo apresentadas sobre a estereotipificaÃÃo dos personagens e evoluÃÃo da narrativa. Por fim, conclui-se que ser nerd, ou ser considerado assim, hoje em dia ainda à algo que carrega bastante negatividade para quem nÃo se insere no grupo, mas se torna um fator de empoderamento para quem se inclui. Esta identidade à construÃda atravÃs do alto consumo de produtos culturais que visam estabelecer uma conexÃo afetiva com essas pessoas e oferecer uma projeÃÃo da narrativa de suas vidas.
This research aims to investigate the relationship of people with the TV show The Big Bang Theory and their perception as to whether they consider themselves or are considered nerds. This group, which has long been seen and treated as a pariah of society, has gained fame in recent years and had his image reformulated in the media. This work, in a first moment, seeks to address the nerd profile, analyzing their history, characteristics and media representations in products as TV series and movies, to make a reflection about what means to be nerd currently. For this analysis, the authors Nugent (2008), Goffman (1988), Fernando and Rios (2001) and Bourdieu (1983) are used to identify the group's distinguishing characteristics, their stigmatization in society and its relationship with consumption and the media. Then, a discussion about the connection between communication and culture is aroused, using authors like Caune (2004), Thompson (2001), Schulman (2004) and Morley (1996), among others, to highlight the importance of cultural studies within the scope of this research. Production and consumption are intertwined when we look conveyed cultural products in mass media, so TV series, their classification, public relationship and the importance of the characters that make them up are analyzed as elements connecting product and audience. Jost (2012), Esquenazi (2010), Seger (2006), Davis (2001) and Field (2001) are used to explain the production processes of TV series and character creation, fundamentals to understand the success of an American TV show The Big Bang Theory, displayed on CBS (EUA) and Warner Channel (Brazil). After a detailed analyze of this sitcom's characters, the results of the research carried out for this job are presented. As methodology, a structured survey, with a quantitative and a qualitative approach was applied in a random sample of 600 person, with the purpose of investigate their consuming habits, favorite TV series, connection with characters, perceptions about The Big Bang Theory and their vision about consider themselves or be considered nerd by others. At the conclusion of this research, it is reported that the relationship between people and cultural products they consume is based on affect and identification with the plot and characters in the story. Regarding The Big Bang Theory series, different opinions are presented on the character stereotyping and narrative evolution. Finally, it's concluded that being a nerd, or be considered as well, nowadays it is still something that carries a lot of negativity for those who do not fall within the group, but becomes a empowering factor for who is included. This identity is constructed through the high consumption of cultural products aimed at establishing an emotional connection with these people and offering a projection of the narrative of their lives.
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Andersson, Happe Emma. "Mediatiserad religion i ramen av humor : En studie av den amerikanska sitcom-serien the Big Bang Theory." Thesis, Karlstads universitet, Fakulteten för humaniora och samhällsvetenskap (from 2013), 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-34987.
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Since 2007 the American sitcom the Big Bang Theory has spread throughout the world. With its twenty million watchers it is one of the most popular sitcoms of our time. The starting point for this essay is that the humourus series with the more or less geeky main characters is more than just entertainment - it is a part of the mediatization of religion. This means that media is affecting the recipients’ view on religion in general and the personal religion. As we watch TV, we get socialized into how to act in our every day life. In this case, it is about religion depicted as entertainment. Through a film analysis of a number of selected scenes from the first three seasons of the series, this essay stresses the representation of the religious traditions Judaism, Christianity, Hinduism and religion in general. On the basis of etnocentrism, exitocism and a differentiation between religious praxis and religious beliefs my conclution is that Jews are portrayed in a very ”modern” and secular way, Christians are narrow-minded and quite stupid and Hindus are doing strange rituals and believe in very unreasonable phenomena. Religion in general is portrayed as something accepted but it should be rational and religous practice has its own time and place.
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Cioni, Valentina. "The Big Bang Theory: Analisi mediante focus group delle differenze percepite fra la versione originale e quella doppiata." Bachelor's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2017. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/13780/.
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Il presente elaborato ha lo scopo di analizzare il modo in cui gli spettatori percepiscono le differenze di resa di battute e giochi di parole quando esposti a una sitcom nella sua versione doppiata e nella sua versione originale in inglese con sottotitoli in italiano. Per svolgere questo esperimento è stata utilizzata la tecnica del focus group, mediante la quale si sono osservate e registrate le impressioni di due gruppi composti uno da ragazzi che svolgono attività non legate alle lingue straniere, e uno formato da studenti del corso di Laurea in Mediazione Linguistica Interculturale. Questo lavoro si propone quindi di riportare i risultati dell’esperimento, fornire un’analisi delle battute e dei conseguenti problemi di traduzione e contestualizzare il tutto all’interno del campo della traduzione audiovisiva.
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Huang, Boyi. "The Subtitler’s visibility management: a case study of WHV’s and YYeTs’s Chinese translations of The Big Bang Theory." HKBU Institutional Repository, 2019. https://repository.hkbu.edu.hk/etd_oa/603.
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This thesis presents a study on the subtitler's visibility management as manifested by their subtitling approaches. The special textuality and the recent digitization of subtitling practices make the subtitler's visibility management through subtitling an issue that is rather distinctive from the translator's visibility in general. Previous studies that directly investigate subtitler's visibility tend to focus on subtitler's relatively restricted and/or linear social interactions, while relevant discussion that examines their non-linear social interactions such as subtitling is very rare. Almost no study has provided either a conceptualization of subtitler's visibility or a systematic analytical framework specifically for analysing the subtitler's visibility management through subtitling. In the current study, the author examines the subtitler's visibility management through subtitling by comparing WHV industrial subtitlers' and YYeTs fansubbers' subtitling approaches to The Big Bang Theory. Based on Nornes's (2007) notions of corrupt and abusive subtitling and Ortabasi's critiques on the lack of multimodality in these notions, it has been hypothesized that the two groups of subtitlers' approaches differ in two dimensions and three aspects of issues. Accordingly, an analytical framework is constructed to systematically interrogate the two groups of subtitlers' visibility management as reflected by their subtitling approaches: 1) comparing their subtitling approaches to the verbal and nonverbal issues identified in the represented dimension; 2) comparing their subtitling approaches to the technical issues identified in the representing dimension; 3) comparing and discussing how their relatively different approaches in the two dimensions demonstrate their different visibility management. The findings suggest that the ways in which WHV industrial subtitlers and YYeTs fansubbers manage their visibility differently are multifaceted and bidimensional. First, the industrial subtitlers tend to adopt a relatively corrupt approach and the fansubbers tend to adopt a relatively abusive approach in the represented dimension, while the relative differences between their approaches are more drastic in the verbal aspect than in the nonverbal aspect. Second, the above-found relative differences between the two groups of subtitlers' approaches are even more explicitly consistent in the technical aspect of the representing dimension. Third, in both dimensions, the industrial subtitlers gain less visibility through the relatively corrupt approach and the fansubbers acquire more visibility through the relatively abusive approach. More profoundly, by adopting the relatively corrupt approach, the industrial subtitlers perform gatekeepers in the represented dimension and adherents in the representing dimension; by using the relatively abusive approach, the fansubbers present themselves as educators in the represented dimension and as innovators in the representing dimension. Beyond these findings, this thesis also makes broader theoretical and methodological contributions. It has demonstrated how a nonbinary and generative conceptualization of the subtitler's visibility from a sociological perspective, hitherto never provided by previous discussions, can lead to more fruitful investigations on the subtitler's visibility management. This combination of Nornes's (2007) notions of corrupt and abusive subtitling and Ortabasi's (2007) critiques on them offers us a set of analytical tools for thoroughly investigating how subtitlers manage their visibility differently through subtitling.
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Manoel, João Paulo Pitelli 1982. "Singularidades quânticas." [s.n.], 2011. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/306262.
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Orientador: Patricio Anibal Letelier SotomayorTese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Matemática, Estatística e Computação Científica
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Resumo: Espaços-tempo classicamente singulares serão estudados de um ponto de vista quântico. A utilização da mecânica quântica será feita de duas maneiras. A primeira consiste em encontrar a função de onda do Universo, resolvendo a equação de Wheeler-DeWitt para as variáveis canônicas do espaço-tempo. A segunda consiste em acoplar conformemente campos escalares e spinoriais ao campo gravitacional, estudando o comportamento de pacotes de ondas neste espaço-tempo curvo
Abstract: Classically singular spacetimes will be studied from a quantum mechanical point of view. The use of quantum mechanics will be handled in two different ways. The first consists in finding the wave function of the universe by solving the Wheeler-DeWitt equation for the canonical variables of spacetime. The second is through the conformal coupling of scalar and spinorial fields with the gravitational field, where we will study the behavior of wave packets in this curved spacetime
Doutorado
Matematica Aplicada
Doutor em Matemática Aplicada
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Oh, Jae-Hyuk. "GAUGE-GRAVITY DUALITY AND ITS APPLICATIONS TO COSMOLOGY AND FLUID DYNAMICS." UKnowledge, 2011. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/gradschool_diss/178.
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This thesis is devoted to the study of two important applications of gauge-gravity duality: the cosmological singularity problem and conformal fluid dynamics. Gauge-gravity duality is a concrete dual relationship between a gauge theory (such as electromagnetism, the theories of weak and strong interactions), and a theory of strings which contains gravity. The most concrete application of this duality is the AdS/CFT correspondence, where the theory containing gravity lives in the bulk of an asymptotically anti-de-Sitter space-time, while the dual gauge theory is a deformation of a conformal field theory which lives on the boundary of anti-de-Sitter space-time(AdS).
Our first application of gauge-gravity duality is to the cosmological singularity problem in string gravity. A cosmological singularity is defined as a spacelike region of space-time which is highly curved so that Einstein’s gravity theory can be no longer applied. In our setup the bulk space-time has low curvature in the far past and the physics is well described by supergravity (which is an extension of standard Einstein gravity). The cosmological singularity is driven by a time dependent string coupling in the bulk theory. The rate of change of the coupling is slow, but the net change of the coupling can be large. The dual description of this is a time dependent coupling of the boundary gauge theory. The coupling has a profile which is a constant in the far past and future and attains a small but finite value at intermediate times. We construct the supergravity solution, with the initial condition that the bulk space-time is pure AdS in the far past and show that the solution remains smooth in a derivative expansion without formation of black holes. However when the intermediate value of the string coupling becomes weak enough, space-time becomes highly curved and the supergravity approximation breaks down, mimicking a spacelike singularity. The resulting dynamics is analyzed in the dual gauge theory with a time dependent coupling constant which varies slowly. We develop an appropriate adiabatic expansion in the gauge theory in terms of coherent states and show that the time evolution continues to be smooth. We cannot, however, arrive at a definitive conclusion about the fate of the system at very late times when the coupling has again risen and supergravity again applies. One possibility is that the energy which has been supplied to the universe is simply extracted out and the space-time goes back to its initial state. This could provide a model for a bouncing cosmology. A second possibility is that dissipation leads to a thermal state at late time. If this possibility holds, we show that such a thermal state will be described either by a gas of strings or by a small black hole, but not by a big black hole. This means that in either case, the future space-time is close to AdS.
We then apply gauge-gravity duality to conformal fluid dynamics. The long wavelength behavior of any strongly coupled system with a finite mean free path is described by an appropriate fluid dynamics. The bulk dual of a fluid flow in the boundary theory is a black hole with a slowly varying horizon. In this work we consider certain fluid flows which become supersonic in some regions. It is well known that such flows present acoustic analogs of ergoregions and horizons, where acoustic waves cannot propagate in certain directions. Such acoustic horizons are expected to exhibit thermal radiation of acoustic waves with temperature essentially given by the gradient of the velocity at the acoustic horizon. We find acoustic analogs of black holes in charged conformal fluids and use gauge-gravity duality to construct dual gravity solutions. A certain class of gravitational quasinormal wave modes around these gravitational backgrounds perceives a horizon. Upon quantization, this implies that these gravitational modes should have a thermal spectrum.
The final issue that we study is fluid-gravity duality at zero temperature. The usual way of constructing gravity duals of fluid flows is by means of a small derivative expansion, in which the derivatives are much smaller than the temperature of the background black hole. Recently, it has been reported that for charged fluids, this procedure breaks down in the zero temperature limit. More precisely, corrections to the small derivative expansion in the dual gravity of charged fluid at zero temperature have singularities at the black hole horizon. In this case, fluid-gravity duality is not understood precisely. We explore this problem for a zero temperature charged fluid driven by a low frequency, small amplitude and spatially homogeneous external force. In the gravity dual, this force corresponds to a time dependent boundary value of the dilaton field. We calculate the bulk solution for the dilaton and the leading backreaction using a modified low frequency expansion. The resulting solutions are regular everywhere, establishing fluid-gravity duality to this order.
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Tolley, Andrew James. "From big-crunch to big-bang." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.620026.
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Ling, Eric. "The Big Bang Singularity." Thesis, University of California, Santa Barbara, 2015. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=1600215.
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The big bang theory is a model of the universe which makes the striking prediction that the universe began a finite amount of time in the past at the so called "Big Bang singularity." We explore the physical and mathematical justification of this surprising result. After laying down the framework of the universe as a spacetime manifold, we combine physical observations with global symmetrical assumptions to deduce the FRW cosmological models which predict a big bang singularity. Next we prove a couple theorems due to Stephen Hawking which show that the big bang singularity exists even if one removes the global symmetrical assumptions. Lastly, we investigate the conditions one needs to impose on a spacetime if one wishes to avoid a singularity. The ideas and concepts used here to study spacetimes are similar to those used to study Riemannian manifolds, therefore we compare and contrast the two geometries throughout.
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Вишняк, Л. "Серіал «Теорія Великого Вибуху» як зразок масової культури." Thesis, Сумський державний університет, 2018. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/67091.
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Сьогодні про американський телесеріал «Теорія Великого Вибуху»
(ТВВ) знає більшість. Він посідає 13 місце у списку найпопулярніших
серіалів за версією Тoramp [1]. Cеріали мають значний вплив на
аудиторію, особливо на підлітків, бо дозволяють поринути у світ
серіалу, пожити життям героїв. Таке явище називається ескапізмом. Метою роботи є визначення прийомів впливу ТВВ на аудиторію.
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Vilar, Fabien. "Reasoning about big data flows : TOM4A recursive abstraction based problem solving method." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018AIXM0667/document.
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Ce document concerne le développement d'un cadre mathématique spécifiant une technologie capable de prendre en charge quelques unes des problématiques relevant du domaine des grands flux de données. Nous proposons de combiner le point de vue ontologique de Newell et celui épistémologique de Floridi d'abstraction pour construire des outils de transformation de modéles au moyen d'un ensemble adéquats de foncteurs au sens de la théorie des catégories de Samuel Eilenberg et Saunders Mac Lane. La méthode de résolution de problème proposée est basée sur un raisonnement d'abstraction temps réel qui produit, en ligne, une réduction d'un grand nombre de données sémantiquement pauvres en une donnée unique équivalente mais sémantiquement plus riche. Le prix à payer pour un tel enrichissement sémantique de l'information est la perte d'information syntaxique (i.e. le phénoméne d'oubli). Nos contributions sont les suivantes: (i) la démonstration que le concept d'observateur unaire de la théorie des observations datées (TOT) de Le Goc joue le même rôle qu'un échantillonneur de Dirac, (ii) la construction de la catégorie $TOT(\mathbb{Z})$, adéquate à la formulation du processus d'abstraction proposé et (iii) la conception de la méthode de résolution de problème TOM4A (timed observations methodology for abstraction) dont une application concrète est présentée visant à découvrir et modéliser le problème complexe de la fraude interne dans le domaine bancaireThis document concerns the development of a theoretical mathematical framework to provide a technology able to manage some of the problematics of the big data flows domain. We propose to combine Newell's ontological and Floridi's epistemological point of views of abstraction to build tools that transform models by the mean of an adequate set of functors according to Samuel Eilenberg and Saunders Mac Lane's category theory. The proposed problem solving method relies on a real time abstraction reasoning process to resume, on line, a lot of semantically poor data into an equivalent but richer one. The price to pay for such an information semantic enrichment is the loss of syntactic data (i.e. the oversight phenomenon). Our contributions are (i) to prove that Le Goc's timed observations theory (TOT) concept of unary observer plays the same role as Dirac's sampler, (ii) the construction of the $TOT(\mathbb{Z})$ category that is adequate to formulate the proposed abstraction based PSM and (iii) the design of TOM4A (timed observations methodology for abstraction), a specific recursive abstraction-reification based PSM whose a concrete application has been provided for detecting and modeling the complex problem of internal frauds in the banking industry
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Célérier, Marie-Noëlle. "Modèles d'Univers inhomogènes à Big-Bang retardé." Paris 7, 1998. https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-02158137.
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Le modèle standard d'évolution de l'Univers, dit de Big-Bang chaud, malgré d'indéniables succès, laisse irrésolus un certain nombre de problèmes. L’objet de cette thèse est de proposer une classe de modèles d'Univers inhomogènes qui pallient plusieurs imperfections du modèle standard, tout en conservant ses prédictions les plus robustes. Il est montré, en faisant appel, pour cette étude préliminaire, a des hypothèses très simplificatrices : 1. Que la notion de big-bang inhomogène mérite d'être exploitée. Les conséquences observables d'une singularité initiale inhomogène, de type « retardé », sont étudiées, sous certaines conditions. Le problème de l'horizon est ainsi résolu sans qu'il soit besoin de recourir à l'hypothèse d'une phase d'inflation. Les problèmes de la platitude et de la constante cosmologique disparaissent. Des mécanismes pouvant expliquer l'origine de la formation des structures sont avancés. 2. Que les paramètres du modèle peuvent être ajustés de façon à reproduire les données issues des observations. Un tel ajustement est ainsi réalisé, pour reproduire, avec une bonne approximation, les moments dipolaire et quadrupolaire des anisotropies de température du rayonnement de fond cosmologique. Sont étudiées, par ailleurs, plusieurs classes particulières d'équations d’Einstein pour un fluide parfait relativiste à symétrie sphérique, dont est proposée une forme réduite, à variables séparéesThe hot Big-Bang standard model for the evolution of the Universe, despite strong successes, lets unresolved a number of problems. The purpose of this thesis is to propose a class of inhomogeneous models of Universe, getting rid of some of the drawbacks of the standard model, while leaving unimpaired its main cornestones. It is shown, with the help, for this preliminary study, of very simplifying assumptions : 1. That the notion of inhomogeneous Big-Bang is worth being developed. The observable consequences of an inhomogeneous initial singularity, of “delayed” type, are studied, under some peculiar conditions. The horizon problem is thus solved without need for any inflationary phase. The flatness and cosmological constant problems disappear. Mechanisms able to explain the origin of structure formation are put forward. 2. That the parameters of the model can be tuned such as to reproduce the data obtained from observations. Such a tuning is thus performed to reproduce, with good approximation, the dipole and quadrupole moments of the temperature anisotropies of the cosmological micro-wave background radiation. Are also studied a number of special classes of Einstein’s equations for a relativistic spherically symmetric perfect fluid, of which a reduced form, with separated variables, is proposed
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Drees, Willem B. "Beyond the Big bang : quantum cosmologies and God /." La Salle (Ill.) : Open Court, 1990. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb356197519.
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Moyer, Andrew J. "Prospects for NATO Enlargement examining the "big bang" approach /." Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 2000. http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA386450.
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Thesis (M.A. in National Security Affairs) Naval Postgraduate School, Dec. 2000.Thesis advisor(s): Yost, David S. "December 2000." Includes bibliographical references (p. 67-73). Also available online.
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Mikalson, Ander. "Score for the Big Bang: The Universe as Voice." VCU Scholars Compass, 2012. http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/2803.
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The thesis is a multimedia document, including a documentary video and audio recordings, that catalogues and unpacks the cross-disciplinary project Score for the Big Bang. On April 13, 2012, thirty-six vocalists sang the sound of the Big Bang in a historic church in downtown Richmond. For this project I worked with an astronomer, composer, choral director and organist to translate the primordial sound into musical notation. This is the universe as voice, through humans, recreating what we have come to understand was present at its birth.
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Maldamé, Jean-Michel. "L'univers du big bang : le Christ et le cosmos /." Paris : Lyon : J. Vrin ; Institut interdisciplinaire d'études épistémologiques, 2001. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37652204t.
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Olson, Ted S. "Before the Big Bang: The Origins of Country Music." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2019. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/5529.
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Olson, Ted. "The 1927 Bristol Sessions: The Big Bang, or the Big Brag of Country Music?" Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2015. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/1208.
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Evola, Chiara. "Cenni al modello del Big Bang, inflazione e materia oscura." Bachelor's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2019. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/19481/.
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Questo elaborato vuole offrire un riassunto del modello del Big Bang, della materia oscura e del Modello Cosmologico Standard, come conseguenza dei primi due.
La cosmologia è la scienza che studia l’Universo nel suo insieme, la sua formazione, la sua evoluzione e il suo destino futuro.
Partendo dalle scoperte osservative, che hanno permesso la teorizzazione dell'espansione dell'Universo, Lemaȋtre, nel secolo scorso, getta le basi per il primo modello del Big Bang. Quest'ultimo mira a spiegare come si sia generato il nostro Universo. Nel tempo i cosmologi hanno reso il modello sempre più complesso e accurato, anche grazie alle numerose scoperte astronomiche dell'ultimo secolo.
Tra queste scoperte c'è la materia oscura, un elemento fondamentale del nostro Universo, e uno dei dilemmi più grandi dell'astrofisica dei nostri giorni. All’interno di questo elaborato ne è illustrato il percorso storico, tra le osservazioni e le ipotesi legate alla sua origine e alla sua composizione.
Infine, viene accennato il Modello Cosmologico Standard e i suoi parametri. Il modello che ad oggi è accettato dalla comunità scientifica.
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Semeraro, Angelo. "Cenni al modello del Big Bang, inflazione e materia oscura." Bachelor's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2020. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/19999/.
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Mauro, Federica. "Cenni al modello del Big Bang, inflazione e materia oscura." Bachelor's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2020. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/21234/.
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Lo scopo dell'elaborato è quello di fornire una trattazione generale sul modello del Big Bang, sul modello cosmologico e sulla materia oscura. La cosmologia si occupa della struttura e dell'evoluzione del cosmo, cercando di risalirne alle origini e si è cominciata ad imporre come scienza grazie alle scoperte astronomiche del secolo scorso. Partendo dal concetto di redshift, i lavori di Edwin Hubble e Georges Lemaître sulle velocità di recessione delle galassie, hanno portato a parlare di espansione dell'universo. Tra le teorie circa l'origine dell'universo si è affermata quella del Big Bang, che è la più accreditata dai dati osservativi quali il problema dell’elio con la nucleosintesi primordiale, la scoperta della radiazione cosmica di fondo CMB e la teoria dell’inflazione. Nel corso degli ultimi anni il modello cosmologico è diventato sempre più complesso ed accurato anche alla base delle nuove scoperte. Nell'elaborato si mettono in evidenza i modelli cosmologici possibili dandone sia una trattazione geometrica con le equazioni di Newton, sia una qualitativa in termini di densità di materia ed e energia con le equazioni di Friedmann. Ci si concentra maggiormente sul modello cosmologico standard, quello attualmente adottato, per il quale i contributi principali sono quelli di un’energia e di una materia oscura che ad oggi rappresentano uno degli interrogativi più grandi legati al nostro universo. Alla materia oscura è dedicata la parte finale tramite un percorso storico con i calcoli legati alla sua ipotesi e il dettaglio della sua interazione gravitazionale con la materia ordinaria che ne ha confermato la presenza.
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Pacini, Bianca. "Cenni al modello del Big Bang, inflazione e materia oscura." Bachelor's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2020. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/22220/.
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Nell'elaborato si cerca di fornire una visione d'insieme del modello cosmologico del Big Bang, come esso nasce e le problematiche associate; si fa riferimento all'inflazione in quanto soluzione a tre problemi principali. Per fare questo si introducono le equazioni di campo di Einstein dalle quali si ricavano le equazioni di Friedmann, che descrivono l'evoluzione dell'universo. Tramite esse, specificando una particolare equazione di stato, si ricava l'evoluzione temporale delle diverse componenti dell'universo. Nell'ambito del modello del Big Bang si dà anche una spiegazione qualitativa e sintetica della CMB, che sarà citata più volte nella trattazione. Infine si propone una discussione riguardante la materia oscura, costituente fondamentale dell'universo, di cui ancora la natura non è nota.
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Rehm, Jan Bernhard. "The Influence of Matter-Antimatter Domains on Big Bang Nucleosynthesis." Diss., lmu, 2000. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:19-4206.
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Becker, Emelie, and Anna Lönner. "Goodwill. IFRS3 & IAS36 - ”Big Bang” utifrån en revisors utgångspunkt." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Företagsekonomi, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-57089.
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Fedi, Francesca. "Cenni al modello del Big Bang, Inflazione e materia oscura." Bachelor's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2022. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/25268/.
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Questo elaborato ha lo scopo di fornire una panoramica sulle principali teorie che hanno portato allo sviluppo della concezione di universo, ad oggi maggiormente accettata. Espone inoltre le principali osservazioni astrofisiche che sono state necessarie alla comprensione della struttura dell’universo, fino ad arrivare a problemi ancora oggi aperti e dibattuti.
Nel primo capitolo si espone il lavoro che ha portato alla formulazione della legge di espansione dell’universo e successivamente alla teoria del Big Bang.
Nel secondo capitolo vengono descritte le primissime fasi di vita dell’universo, la teoria dell’inflazione e la radiazione cosmica di fondo.
Nel terzo capitolo si introduce il Modello Cosmologico Standard che, oltre alla materia barionica, prevede anche la presenza della materia oscura.
Il quarto capitolo si concentra sulla materia oscura e sulla sua possibile composizione, sulle curve di rotazione delle galassie a spirale e sulle lenti gravitazionali.
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Sihvola, Elina. "Big bang nucleosynthesis with inhomogeneous baryon density and antimatter regions." Helsinki : University of Helsinki, 2001. http://ethesis.helsinki.fi/julkaisut/mat/fysii/vk/sihvola/.
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Raso, Silvia. "Cenni al modello del Big Bang, inflazione e materia oscura." Bachelor's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2014. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/7381/.
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La cosmologia ha come scopo lo studio di origine ed evoluzione dell’Universo, per averne una comprensione generale attraverso le leggi fisiche conosciute.
Il modello del Big Bang, di cui si dà la descrizione teorica nel capitolo 1, è una delle formulazioni più recenti di teoria che mira a spiegare l’inizio e la successiva evoluzione dell’Universo, fino ad avanzare anche ipotesi sul suo destino futuro; è inoltre il modello generalmente accettato dalla comunità scientifica in quanto, di tutti i modelli proposti nel corso degli anni, è quello con più riscontri sperimentali e che meglio si trova in accordo con le osservazioni.
I principali successi del modello vengono trattati nel capitolo 2. In particolare: si tratterà di redshift e legge di Hubble, collegati all’espansione dell’Universo, importante prova dell’attendibilità del modello del Big Bang; della radiazione cosmica di fondo, scoperta negli anni ’60 quasi per caso e poi ricondotta a ipotesi teoriche già avanzate anni prima nelle prime formulazioni del modello; della nucleosintesi primordiale, che spiega l’abbondanza attuale dei principali costituenti dell’Universo, H ed He, cosa che altrimenti non sarebbe spiegabile se si considerasse soltanto la formazione di tali elementi nelle stelle.
Ovviamente anche questo modello, come si vede nel capitolo 3, non manca di problemi, a cui si è trovata una risoluzione parziale o comunque non definitiva; in questa sede tuttavia, per ragioni di spazio, tali problemi e la loro soluzione verranno soltanto accennati. Si accennerà al problema dell’Universo piatto e al problema dell’orizzonte, e a come essi possano essere spiegati introducendo il concetto di inflazione.
Infine, nel capitolo 4, si accenna anche alla materia oscura, soprattutto per quanto riguarda le evidenze sperimentali che ne hanno permesso la scoperta e le prove successive che ne confermano l’esistenza. Tuttora ne ignoriamo natura e composizione, visto che a differenza della materia ordinaria non emette radiazione elettromagnetica, ma i suoi effetti gravitazionali sono evidenti ed è estremamente difficile che la sua esistenza possa essere messa in discussione.
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Caccia, Riccardo. "Cenni al modello del big bang, inflazione e materia oscura." Bachelor's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2014. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/7805/.
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Il presente lavoro intende offrire un riassunto dello “stato dell’arte” della Cosmologia: dopo averne ripercorso per sommi capi la storia degli ultimi cent’anni (cap.1), verrà illustrato il Modello Cosmologico Standard “ΛCDM” (cap.2), che è quello generalmente accettato dalla comunità scientifica allo stato attuale delle conoscenze; infine, si farà un breve “excursus” sulle questioni “aperte” e sui modelli cosmologici alternativi (cap.3).
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LIMA, A. L. A. "Dualidade de Fator de Escala e Cosmologias Pre-Big-Bang." Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2017. http://repositorio.ufes.br/handle/10/7385.
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Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-01T21:59:50Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1
tese_11448_Tese final Andre Luiz Alves Lima - PPGFis.pdf: 4483830 bytes, checksum: 73c10ae115a7b4575ece1730f9f6e7de (MD5)
Previous issue date: 2017-09-20Esta tese é uma investigação de modelos cosmológicos duais sob uma inversão do fator de escala no tempo conforme, na gravitação de Einstein. A transformação de Dualidade do Fator de Escala no tempo conforme (DFE) atua como um mapa entre altas e baixas energias, e entre evoluções aceleradas e desaceleradas do universo. Utilizada enquanto um princípio de simetria, a DFE seleciona modelos com duas fases de aceleração, simétricos por reflexão ao redor do ponto em que aceleração é nula. Encontramos uma classe desses modelos, correspondente a um gás de Chaplygin modificado, que pode ser usada como ferramenta de discussão em diversos regimes fenomenológicos, e.g. uma fase inflacionária do tipo hilltop, ou um universo de quintessência. A DFE, na gravitação de Einstein, é análoga a uma dualidade bem conhecida da gravitação dilatônica, em que a inversão do fator de escala (no quadro de cordas) junto com uma transformação apropriada do dilaton fornecem uma simetria das equações gravidilatônicas para uma classe muito restrita de potenciais. Apesar de ser uma simetria das equações de Friedmann no quadro de Einstein, as soluções duais da DFE, para qualquer potencial, podem ser interpretadas no quadro de cordas, onde fornecem transformações relacionando grandes e pequenos valores do fator de escala. A dualidade gravidilatônica da origem ao chamado Cenário Prée-Big-Bang na cosmologia de cordas. De maneira similar, um universo dual pela DFE pode ser interpretado como estando antes da singularidade, na gravitação de Einstein. Concentramo-nos em analisar as cosmologias duais em que a fase pré-big-bang é um universo em expansão eterna (ao contrário dos modelos usuais de ricochete), e sua fase final, acelerada, faz o papel da inflação antes do big-bang do universo seguinte. Essa idéia é reminiscente da idéia de uma `Cosmologia Conforme Cíclica'. A transição através da singularidade requer uma identificação conforme; abordamos esse problema utilizando a correspondência dS/CFT e o grupo de renormalização holográfico.
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Meeks, Lisa M. "COLLEGE STUDENTS PERCEPTIONS OF AND BEHAVIORAL INTENTIONS TOWARD A POPULAR MEDIA CHARACTER WITH QUALITIES OF ASPERGER SYNDROME." Cleveland State University / OhioLINK, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=csu1398938713.
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Tsoumpekos, Georgios. "big bang, a novel regulator of tissue growth in Drosophila melanogaster." Doctoral thesis, Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2016. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-201276.
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Multicellular organisms need to control their size throughout development and adult life in the face of challenges such as rapid growth. Unraveling the mechanisms that regulate tissue growth in epithelial tissues, in order to generate organs of correct size and proportion, remains a crucial goal of developmental biology. A suitable epithelial tissue for studying tissue growth in Drosophila, is the proliferative monolayer epithelial sheet of imaginal wing discs, which gives rise to the adult wing. The Hippo signaling pathway regulates tissue growth in wing development. There are several observations that link tissue growth/Hippo signaling with cell polarity and the actin cytoskeletal organization.
The aim of this thesis was the study of the interplay between cell polarity, cytoskeletal organization and tissue growth. To gain further insight into how apical polarity proteins regulate tissue growth, an enhancer/suppressor screen that was previously conducted in our lab by Linda Nemetschke, was used. The screen was based on the modification of a dominant smaller wing phenotype induced upon overexpression of CrbextraTM-GFP. One of the enhancers identified in this screen is a gene called big bang (bbg). The absence of bbg results in smaller wings with a slower cell cycle and increased apoptosis in wing discs. bbg encodes a protein expressed in the apical cortex in wing disc cells and is required for the proper localization of apical proteins, like Crb, in wing disc epithelia. Bbg is also in the same complex with Spaghetti Squash (Sqh) in the apical cortex of the wing disc epithelia. sqh encodes an actin-binding protein that has actin cross-linking and contractile properties. Bbg stabilizes Sqh in the apical compartment of the cell. It is reported that both Crb and Sqh regulate tissue growth through the Hippo signaling pathway. In conclusion, Bbg regulates wing tissue growth, acting as a scaffolding molecule, through the proper localization of apical components of the cells like Crb and the cytoskeletal component Sqh.
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Hatton, Stephen John. "Probing the large-scale structure of the Universe with future galaxy redshift surveys." Thesis, Durham University, 1999. http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/4494/.
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Several projects are currently underway to obtain large galaxy redshift surveys over the course of the next decade. The aim of this thesis is to study how well the resultant three-dimensional maps of the galaxy distribution will be able to constrain the various parameters of the standard Big Bang cosmology. The work is driven by the need to deal with data of far better quality than has previously been available. Systematic biases in the treatment of existing datasets have been dwarfed by random errors due to the small size of the sample, but this will not be the case with the wealth of data that will shortly become available. We employ a set of high-resolution /V-body simulations spanning a range of cosmologies and galaxy biasing schemes. We use the power spectrum of the galaxy density field, measured using the fast Fourier transform process, to develop models and statistics for extracting cosmological information. In particular, we examine the distortion of the power spectrum by galaxy peculiar velocities when measurements are made in redshift space. Mock galaxy catalogues are drawn from these simulations, mimicking the geometries and selection functions of the large surveys we wish to model. Applying the same models to the mock catalogues is not a trivial task, as geometrical effects distort the power spectrum, and measurement errors are determined by the survey volume. We develop methods for assessing these effects and present an in-depth analysis of the likely confidence intervals we will obtain from the surveys on the parameters that determine the power spectrum. Real galaxy catalogues are prone to additional biases that must be assessed and removed. One of these is the effect of extinction by dust in the Milky Way, which imprints its own angular clustering signal on the measured power spectrum. We investigate the strength of this effect for the SDSS survey.
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Campusano, Luis Eduardo. "Inhomogénéités à grande échelle dans la distribution des quasars." Toulouse 3, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992TOU30196.
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La constitution d'echantillons complets de quasars optiques, difficile a cause des differents biais a l'uvre est absolument necessaire pour l'etude statistique de ces objets. Le groupe de quasars de 100-200 mpc d'extension present dans nos donnees est un indicateur extremement rare de l'existence de structure a grande echelle dans l'univers
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Malcolm, James D. "The political economy of financial globalisation : does Japan's 'Big Bang' herald convergence?" Thesis, University of Sheffield, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.481290.
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Croft, Rupert Alfred Charles. "Galaxy clusters and the formation of large-scale structures in the universe." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.308751.
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Hannaske, Roland. "Measurement of the photodissociation of the deuteron at energies relevant to Big Bang nucleosynthesis." Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden - Rossendorf, 2016. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:d120-qucosa-201284.
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Zwischen 10 und 1000 s nach dem Urknall bildeten sich während der Big Bang Nukleosynthese (BBN) die ersten leichten Elemente aus Protonen und Neutronen. Die primordialen Häufigkeiten dieser Elemente hingen von denWirkungsquerschnitten der beteiligten Kernreaktionen ab. Vergleiche zwischen den Ergebnissen nuklearer Netzwerkrechnungen mit astronomischen Beobachtungen bieten eine einzigartige Möglichkeit, etwas über das Universum zu dieser Zeit zu erfahren.
Da es für die p(n,g)d-Reaktion, die eine Schlüsselreaktion der BBN ist, kaum Messungen im relevanten Energiebereich gibt, beruht deren Reaktionsrate in Netzwerkrechnungen auf theoretischen Berechnungen. Darin fließen auch experimentelle Daten der Nukleon-Nukleon-Streuung, des Einfangquerschnitts für thermische Neutronen sowie (nach Anwendung des Prinzips des detaillierten Gleichgewichts) der d(g,n)p-Reaktion mit ein. Diese Reaktion, die Photodissoziation des Deuterons, ist bei BBN-Energien (Tcm = 20–200 keV) ebenfalls kaum vermessen. Die großen experimentelle Unsicherheiten machen Vergleiche mit den präzisen theoretischen Berechnungen schwierig. In den letzten Jahren wurde die d(g,n)p-Reaktion und insbesondere der M1-Anteil des Wirkungsquerschnitts mit quasi-monoenergetischen g-Strahlen aus Laser-Compton-Streuung oder durch Elektrodesintegration untersucht. Üblicherweise verwendete man für Messungen des d(g,n)p-Wirkungsquerschnitts entweder die auf wenige diskrete Energien beschränkte Strahlung des g-Zerfalls oder Bremsstrahlung, für die aber eine genaue Photonenflussbestimmung sowie der Nachweis von einem der Reaktionsprodukte und dessen Energie nötig ist. Da diese Energie im Bereich der BBN relativ gering ist, gab es bisher noch keine absoluten Messung des d(g,n)p-Wirkungsquerschnitts bei Tcm < 5 MeV mit Bremsstrahlung.
Das Ziel dieser Dissertation ist eine solche Messung mit einer Unsicherheit von 5 % im für die BBN relevanten Energiebereich und darüber hinaus bis Tcm ~ 2,5 MeV unter Verwendung gepulster Bremsstrahlung an der Strahlungsquelle ELBE. Dieser supraleitende Elektronenbeschleuniger befindet sich am Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf und stellte einen Elektronenstrahl hoher Intensität bereit. Die kinetische Elektronenenergie von 5 MeV wurde mit einem Browne-Buechner-Spektrometer präzise gemessen. Die Energieverteilung der in einer Niob-Folie erzeugten Bremsstrahlungsphotonen wurde berechnet. Die Photonenflussbestimmung nutzte die Kernresonanzstreuung an 27Al, das sich mit deuteriertem Polyethylen in einem mehrschichtigen Target befand. Die 27Al-Abregungen wurden mit abgeschirmten, hochreinen Germanium-Detektoren nachgewiesen, deren Effektivität mit GEANT4 simuliert und durch Quellmessungen normiert wurde. Die Messung der Energie der Neutronen aus der d(g,n)p-Reaktion erfolgte mittels deren Flugzeit in Plastikszintillatoren, die an zwei Seiten von Photoelektronenvervielfachern mit hoher Verstärkung ausgelesen wurden. Die Nachweiseffektivität dieser Detektoren wurde in einem eigenen Experiment in den Referenz-Neutronenfeldern der PTB Braunschweig kalibriert. Die Nachweisschwelle lag bei etwa 10 keV kinetischer Neutronenenergie.Wegen der guten Zeitauflösung der Neutronendetektoren und des ELBE-Beschleunigers genügte eine Flugstrecke von nur 1 m. Die Energieauflösung betrug im d(g,n)p-Experiment 1–2 %. Leider gingen viele Neutronen bereits durch Streuung in dem großen Target verloren oder sie wurden erst durch Teile des kompakten Experimentaufbaus in die Detektoren gestreut. Beide Effekte wurden mit Hilfe von FLUKA simuliert um einen Korrekturfaktor zu bestimmen, der aber bei niedrigen Energien relativ groß war.
Der d(g,n)p-Wirkungsquerschnitts wurde daher nur im Bereich 0.7 MeV < Tcm < 2.5 MeV bestimmt. Die Ergebnisse stimmen mit anderen Messungen, Daten-Evaluierungen sowie theoretischen Rechnungen überein. Die Gesamtunsicherheit beträgt circa 6.5 % und kommt zu fast gleichen Teilen von den statistischen und systematischen Unsicherheiten. Die statistische Unsicherheit könnte durch eine längere FLUKA Simulation noch von 3–5 % auf 1 % verringert werden. Die systematische Unsicherheit von 4.5 % ist vorrangig auf die Photonenflussbestimmung, die Neutronen-Nachweiseffektivität und die Target-Zusammensetzung zurückzuführen.
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Cohen, Eva. "Big bang et akirine, deux protéines impliquées dans la réponse inflammatoire de Drosophila melanogaster." Strasbourg, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011STRA6236.
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La flore commensale endogène présente dans l’intestin de tous les métazoaires doit être préservée afin d’assurer le maintien de l’homéostasie intestinale. La réponse immunitaire innée est donc finement régulée dans l’intestin afin de permettre l’élimination des microorganismes pathogènes tout en tolérant cette flore endogène. Dans ce contexte, la première partie de mon projet de thèse a porté sur l’étude de la protéine Big bBang (BBG) localisée au niveau de l’épithélium intestinal chez la drosophile adulte. J’ai démontré que les mouches mutantes pour le gène bbg présentent un défaut de structure des jonctions septées (qui assurent l’étanchéité de l’épithélium intestinal) ainsi qu’une activation constitutive de la réponse immunitaire innée dans l’intestin, et qu’elles meurent précocement. L’étiologie des maladies inflammatoires chroniques de l’intestin chez les mammifères, comme la maladie de Crohn, suggère que l’inflammation constitutive du tube digestif est liée à un défaut des jonctions épithéliales de l’intestin et à une réaction anormale contre la flore endogène, l’administration d’antibiotiques permettant de réduire l’intensité de la réponse inflammatoire. D’une manière similaire, l’élimination de la flore intestinale endogène par l’administration d’antibiotiques permet de prévenir l’inflammation constitutive de l’intestin chez les mouches mutantes pour le gène bbg et leur mort précoce. Mes résultats suggèrent ainsi que BBG est une nouvelle protéine impliquée dans le maintien de la tolérance immunitaire envers la flore commensale. La seconde partie de mon projet de thèse a porté sur l’étude de l’Akirine, une protéine nucléaire impliquée dans la régulation différentielle de l’expression des gènes cibles des facteurs de transcription NF-κkB au cours de la réponse inflammatoire chez les insectes et chez les mammifères. Chez la drosophile, l’Akirine agit dans la voie IMD. Afin de comprendre les mécanismes d’action de l’Akirine, j’ai identifié 115 de ses partenaires protéiques potentiels par le biais de deux cribles protéomiques. J’ai testé l’implication de 47 d’entre eux dans la voie IMD in vitro, et ainsi mis en évidence 5 activateurs et 1 répresseur de cette voie. Les fonctions de ces 6 protéines suggèrent que l’Akirine pourrait contrôler la transcription des gènes cibles des facteurs de transcription NF-κB en participant au remodelage de la chromatine avec le complexe BrahmaThe endogenous flora present in the gut of all metazoans has to be preserved in order to maintain gut homeostasis. The gut innate immune response is then tightly regulated in order to eliminate pathogenic microorganisms and allow tolerance to this flora. In this context, the first part of my PhD project consisted in the study of the Big bBang (BBG) protein localized at the level of the Drosophila gut epithelium. My results showed that bbg null mutant flies have altered septate junctions (that are responsible for the maintenance of gut epithelium integrity) as well as constitutive activation of the gut innate immune response, and die prematurely. The etiology of inflammatory bowel diseases in mammals, such as Crohn’s disease, suggests that gut chronic inflammation is linked to defects in gut epithelial junctions and to inappropriate reactions against the commensal flora as antibiotic treatment reduces inflammation. Similarly, the elimination of gut commensal flora by treatment with antibiotics can prevent constitutive inflammation of the gut of bbg mutant flies and rescues their impaired lifespan. Collectively my results suggest that BBG is a novel protein implicated in the maintenance of immune tolerance towards the commensal flora. The second part of my PhD project consisted in the study of Akirin, a nuclear protein implicated in the differential regulation of NF-κB target genes expression in insects and mammals. In Drosophila, Akirin is implicated in the IMD pathway. In order to understand the function of Akirin, I identified 115 of its potential partners by using two proteomic screens. I tested the implication of 47 of them in the IMD pathway in vitro, and showed that five are activators and one is a repressor of this pathway. The function of these six proteins suggests that Akirin could control NF-κB target genes expression by participating in the Brahma chromatin-remodeling complex
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Cardall, Christian Y. "Towards limits on neutrino mixing parameters from nucleosynthesis in the big bang and supernovae /." Diss., Connect to a 24 p. preview or request complete full text in PDF format. Access restricted to UC IP addresses, 1997. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/ucsd/fullcit?p9732712.
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Weber, Isabella Maria. "China's escape from the 'big bang' : the 1980s price reform debate in historical perspective." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2018. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/271826.
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China’s rise and Russia’s fall shape today’s global political economy. This new great divergence originates from the different policies pursued in the transition from a command economy. Russia applied a ‘big-bang’ doctrine with rapid price liberalisation at its core. In contrast, a policy of experimentalist gradualism manifested in the dual track price system (DTPS) laid the foundations for China’s economic success. But the Chinese reform approach was highly contested in the 1980s and China came close to implementing a big bang. My dissertation sheds light on this critical crossroads by asking on what intellectual grounds China escaped a big bang in price reform; or to turn the question positively, on what intellectual grounds the DTPS was defended against the plans to implement a big bang. To derive an answer, the first part presents the broad historical and theoretical context of the 1980s Chinese price reform debate. In particular, I analyse the ancient Chinese tradition of price regulation, the US price control experience and controversies during and after the Second World War, and the Chinese Communists’ price policies in the Maoist period. Against this background, the second part conducts an in-depth study of the 1980s price reform debate drawing on more than 50 interviews with Chinese and foreign economists, previously unexplored archival evidence and a wealth of Chinese sources. I show that the DTPS emerged from bureaucratic practices and was justified by large-scale empirical research efforts conducted by young intellectuals, who had gained influence through their contribution to rural reform. In contrast, I find that the big bang reform approach was introduced to China by Eastern European émigré scholars and Western economists, and was promoted by a group of Chinese academic economists. I demonstrate how the DTPS was grounded in a pragmatic philosophy of economic policy-making deeply rooted in China’s bureaucratic tradition, which prevailed over the idealist stance underlying the panacea of a big bang.
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Rosa, Reginaldo Guimarães. "Do big bang ao cerrado atual: interdisciplinaridade no ensino de ciências integrando espaços não formais." Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2015. http://repositorio.bc.ufg.br/tede/handle/tede/4840.
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Non-formal spaces are an important educational tool for the of the educational improvement process. Through the beginning technology information in all social scopes, the school has formally established a huge abyss pair which transposes to the relation for information reaching students every day over digital media and contact with the world through informal education. Making the most online content with the student's reality has become a requirement of modern educational trends, even advocated by PCN’s. Using the non-formal spaces endows the teaching and learning process of contextualization and interdisciplinary, reducing the reigning academicism the mere data recording, facts and formulas that the school requires content, which guarantees an education which the student will take a long time and certainly use to improve the social environment around them. The discussed spaces are UFG Planetarium and the PUC “Memorial do Cerrado”, important learning environments available to educators around the state of Goiás. The pedagogical proposal for visitation realizes the conflict among the remote past and the use of the Cerrado, important Brazilian heritage. With the theme “From the Big Bang to the present Cerrado: Interdisciplinarity in science teaching integrating non-formal spaces" content such as Astronomy, Evolution and Environment can be exploited for the teachers’ satisfaction and students in order to produce a scientific education which enables the student to give their opinions in community decisions concerning about the collective experience into the environment and making them in fact citizen.
Os Espaços não formais constituem importante ferramenta pedagógica para o aprimoramento do processo educativo. Com o advento da tecnologia da informação em todos os âmbitos sociais, a escola formalmente constituída tem um abismo gigantesco par transpor em relação à informação que chega aos alunos todos os dias através das mídias digitais e do contato com o mundo através da educação informal. Tornar os conteúdos mais conectados com a realidade do aluno tornou-se uma exigência das modernas tendências educacionais, até mesmo preconizadas pelos Parâmetros Curriculares Nacionais (PCN’s). Utilizar os Espaços não formais dota o processo de ensino e aprendizagem de contextualização e interdisciplinaridade, diminuindo o academicismo reinante na simples memorização de dados, fatos e equações que o formalismo escolar exige, o que garante uma educação que o aluno levará por longo tempo e que com certeza, utilizará para melhorar o ambiente social a sua volta. Os espaços discutidos são o Planetário da UFG e o Memorial do Cerrado da PUC, importantes ambientes de aprendizagem à disposição dos educadores de todo o estado de Goiás. A proposta pedagógica de visitação vislumbra o confronto entre o passado remoto e a utilização do Cerrado como importante patrimônio brasileiro. Com o recorte “Do Big Bang ao cerrado atual: Interdisciplinaridade no ensino de ciências integrando Espaços não formais”, conteúdos como Astronomia, Evolução e Meio ambiente podem ser explorados de forma satisfatória para professores e alunos, priorizando a aquisição de competências e habilidades e visando uma educação científica que possibilite ao estudante opinar nas decisões da comunidade que dizem respeito à vivência coletiva no ambiente e que o torne cidadão de fato.
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Monden, Yuki. "Understanding the Other Big Bang; How Transposable Element Amplification Associates with Genome Evolution in Rice." Kyoto University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/157705.
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Kyoto University (京都大学)0048
新制・課程博士
博士(農学)
甲第16914号
農博第1930号
新制||農||1000(附属図書館)
学位論文||H24||N4675(農学部図書室)
29589
京都大学大学院農学研究科農学専攻
(主査)教授 奥本 裕, 教授 米森 敬三, 教授 裏出 令子
学位規則第4条第1項該当
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Contreras, Radovic Cristian. "La teoria del big bang y la doctrina de Nagarjuna: el vacío o sunyata como síntesis ontológica de todo cuanto existe." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/5162.
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Mi tesis doctoral investiga la Teoría del Big Bang sobre el origen del universo y su relación con la doctrina del sabio filósofo budista, Nagarjuna (India s.II-III), fundador de la Vía Media o Camino Medio del budismo, según su obra genuina titulada Mûla-mâdhyamaka-kârik_, un texto decididamente auténtico, opus magna de este autor conforme la tradición india, china y tibetana, prueba indiscutible de la historicidad de su figura. Nagarjuna, uno de los cuatro soles que iluminan al mundo desde sus cuatro direcciones, maestro espiritual de Oriente y Occidente, fue el creador de la escuela budista Mâdhyamaka viva en la India desde el siglo II al VI. La teoría científica de la Gran Explosión Universal o Big Bang concluye que el "vacío" es la fuente energética de donde surge el Cosmos: nuestro origen. La Doctrina de Nagarjuna prueba que el "vacío" es la esencia más profunda de la Realidad; un sistema filosófico consistente con las descripciones físicas contemporáneas acerca del campo de fuerza que da principio al Cosmos.
De ahí que esta Tesis Doctoral se intitule: La Teoría del Big Bang y la Doctrina de Nagarjuna: el vacío o s_nyat_ como síntesis de todo cuanto existe. Una construcción teórica fundamentada en el principio según el cual filosofía y ciencia tienen un carácter universal y no están basadas únicamente en la cultura, es decir, responde a la autoridad de la experiencia, de los hechos empíricos. El texto se inscribe en el marco paradigmático de la Filosofía de la Ciencia y contempla un enfoque sincrético, ecléctico, multidisciplinar y holístico.
El principal objetivo ha sido centrar la investigación en la temática cosmológica de la filosofía de Nagarjuna, es decir, en la verdad última sobre la naturaleza de todas las cosas, el origen del universo; si bien también posee implicancias soteriológicas, epistemológicas, gnoseológicas y éticas, de primera magnitud, en especial, para quienes estamos interesamos en el futuro de nuestra Cultura Occidental.
El tema de la Introducción son los conceptos científicos centrales de la Teoría del Big Bang.
En el Capítulo I abordo el Estado de la Cuestión. La aparición historiográfica del budismo en Occidente y de la figura de Nagarjuna. Además realizo un registro completo de autores, editores y traductores que han escrito sobre Nagarjuna en Occidente.
En el Capítulo II elaboro un examen crítico de la obra literaria nagarjuniana centrándome en la temática cosmológica del corpus, sin descuidar la ética y ascética. Me refiero a una descripción racional y crítica a las ediciones. Preciso el privilegio de unos textos sobre otros, para centrarme en la Mûla-mâdhyamaka-kârik_, de la cual realizo una primera traducción al castellano de la traducción al francés del original tibetano de Georges Driessens, Traité du Milieu, Seuil, 1995; la única traducción completa al castellano existente del citado texto fundamental.
En el Capítulo III pruebo que la visión del origen del universo de la actual ciencia occidental encuentra paralelos objetivos en el budismo oriental de nuestro autor, Nagarjuna, particularmente al considerar el concepto de vacío; una especie de leit motiv que une y sintetiza dichas corrientes de pensamiento, filosofía y ciencia. Profundizamos el estudio del significado de s_nyat_ o vacío y de la vacuidad, y realizamos un resumen de la Doctrina de Nagarjuna en su Camino Medio a la iluminación del hombre y la sociedad. Así observamos que las teorías y modelos principales de la física moderna conducen a una visión del mundo que es internamente consistente con el sistema filosófico de Nagarjuna.
My doctoral thesis studies the Big Bang Theory about the origin of the universe and his relationship with the doctrine of the buddhist philosopher Nagarjuna (India s.II-III), founder of Buddhism of the Middle Way, in accord with his genuine work, titled: Mûla-mâdhyamaka-kârik_; an authentic text, opus magna of this author in accord with the india, chinese and tibetan tradition, clear probe of the history of his figure. Nagarjuna, one of the four suns witch illuminated the world in the four directions, spiritual master of Orient and Occident, was the creator of the Buddhist Mâdhyamaka school lived in India from centuries II to VI.
The Big Bang theory concludes that the vacuum is the main energy from which one emerge the Cosmos. Nagarjuna´s doctrine probe that the sunyata (or vacuum) is the most deep essence of the Reality; a philosophical vision that is consistent with the physics description about the force who permitted the beginning of the universe, that means, about the latest natural essence of all things. A theoretical construction founded in the principle that philosophy and science has a universal character, not only based on a unique culture, that means, respond to the experience authority and the empirical facts. I inscribed the thesis in a syncretism, eclectic, multisciplinary and holistic point of view.
In the Introduction I describe the mains concepts of the Big Bang's theory.
In Chapter I begin the description of the appearance of buddhism in Occident and Nagarjuna's figure. I made a complete register of the bibliography of authors, editors and translater about Nagarjuna.
In Chapter II I made a critic exam of nagarjuna's works focused in the cosmological thematic. I privilege the Mûla-mâdhyamaka-kârik_, and I made a first translation to spanish from the french translation of the tibetan original of Georges Driessens, Traité du Milieu, Seuil, 1995; the first, unique and complete spanish translation of this fundamental text.
In Chapter III I probe that the contemporary universe vision of the west scientific have objectives parallels with Nagarjuna's buddhism, in particular, with the vacuum concept or sunyata. My main intention is show that the scientific vision of the vacuum is similar to the Nagarjuna's sunyata, a kind of leit motiv between the modern science and budhhist philosophy. We are in front of a definition of the same thing and in the same sense, but from different disciplines; wherever, not only in front of a mere parallelism, but in front of a synthetic of the first magnitude and resonance, with a main significant for the World Culture.
The Big Bang is a cosmological physic theory with naturals questions to philosophy and religion. We're in the ultimate limit of the universe, the exact place where we suppose is home's God. This scene is singular for faith and reason's history. What kind of philosophical adventure propose the contemporary physics to the World Culture? What kind of enigma take place now to the human spirit?
The actual moment of cosmology is similar to the state of the Ptolemaic theory before Copernicus. The matrix of such a research impose to postulate new cosmic ingredient of a unknown essence -hot dark matter, cool dark matter, dark energy and additional new dimension of space-time-; and the biggest work is the unification between General Relativity and Quantum Mechanic, the way to describe -maybe- the initial instant of the Cosmos, full of fundamental questions. But this it is not the complete picture.
On the other side, we need a new fundamental gnoseological paradigm between faith and reason, if our will is continuing. The philosophical vision complements the physic. My personal conviction is that only the synthesis between faith-reason, Orient-Occident, will be at last the most useful and powerful line of thinking for the Third Millennia. I see the present thesis in this paradigm of Philosophy of Science, in order to reject any conflict perspective between science, philosophy and religion.
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Toya, Tetsurō Amyx Jennifer Ann. "The political economy of the Japanese financial big bang : institutional change in finance and public policymaking /." Oxford [u.a.] : Oxford Univ. Press, 2006. http://www.loc.gov/catdir/toc/ecip0519/2005026315.html.
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Steeley, James Michael. "The effects of Big Bang on the gilt-edged market : term structure movements and market efficiency." Thesis, University of Warwick, 1989. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/3630/.
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This study is concerned with the impact of the 1986 Stock Market deregulation, or Big Bang, on the efficiency of the United Kingdom government securities market. The main theoretical finding is that the change to dual capacity dealing with negotiated commissions cannot be justified economically without the inclusion of a best execution rule for broker/dealers. The empirical section of the study has three parts. The first part uses established and new autocorrelation techniques to test market efficiency in the traditional weak-form efficient market hypothesis paradigm. The second part tests market efficiency through an analysis of pricing residuals from fitting term structure curves. A new method to fit these curves is developed. The third section tests market efficiency by examining evidence of anomalies in the shape and movements of the term structure. From all three sources, there is strong evidence that the changes introduced by Big Bang improved efficiency in the gilt-edged market.