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Journal articles on the topic 'The Bluest eyes'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 1 February 2022

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1

Dahiya, Anisha. "Ethnic Discrimination in The Bluest Eye." SMART MOVES JOURNAL IJELLH 9, no. 3 (March 27, 2021): 199–206. http://dx.doi.org/10.24113/ijellh.v9i3.11014.

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Ethnicity is one of the most debatable topics in contemporary times. Human culture is divided along ethnic and national lines. Ethnicity and Race function as most powerful language of human difference and human community. An ethnic group that is dominant often tends to make its own culture specific traits normative in that society. The Bluest Eye is one of the landmark novels of Toni Morrison in which the markings of ethnicity play a great role. The aim of this paper is to explore the traces of ethnic discrimination of the African Americans at the hands of dominant White Americans in the novel The Bluest Eye. It illustrates how ethnic stereotypes propagated by White Americans for their selfish purposes victimised the black people at that time. Particular emphasis is given on the psychological effects of the oppressive environment on the protagonist Pecola. Morrison portrays Pecola as a marginalized and oppressed character who yearns to have blue eyes to have a respectable position in the community.

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Kozłowska, Aleksandra. "Yearning for Beauty. The Expression of Melancholy in Toni Morrison’s “The Bluest Eye”." Jednak Książki. Gdańskie Czasopismo Humanistyczne, no. 9 (April 24, 2018): 79–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.26881/jk.2018.9.07.

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The purpose of the paper is to discuss the sources and results of melancholy in Toni Morrison’s novel The Bluest Eye with reference to Dominick LaCapra’s theory based on a distinction between loss and absence. LaCapra claims that the former concept refers to a particular event, while the latter cannot be identified with any specific point in time or object. What is more, LaCapra admits that absence may result in melancholy, i.e. the state in which the individual remains possessed by a negative emotion because there is no possibility of working it through. The idea of absence causing melancholy is exemplified by the protagonist of The Bluest Eye, Pecola Breedlove. The girl dreams about acquiring blue eyes that belong to the prevailing white model of beauty which excludes African-American features. The feeling of absence is intensified by the U.S. education system aimed at promoting the lifestyle and characteristics of white Americans, her own mother who prefers serving white people to taking care of her own children, and the peers that constantly stigmatize Pecola for ugliness. Consequently, she becomes obsessed with the unattainable blue eyes. Since there is no chance for her to be accepted and thus cope with the absence of white features, the girl suffers from melancholy which leads her to insanity and exclusion from society.

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3

Munafo, Giavanna. "“No sign of life”—Marble‐blue eyes and lakefront houses inthe bluest eye." Lit: Literature Interpretation Theory 6, no. 1-2 (April 1995): 1–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10436929508580144.

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Sofiani, Nana, Sabarti Akhadiah, and Emzir Emzir. "The Influence of Social Contexts towards the Identity Development of the Main Character in The Bluest Eye By Toni Morrison." Lingua Cultura 13, no. 4 (November 27, 2019): 257. http://dx.doi.org/10.21512/lc.v13i4.6138.

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This research aimed to show how the social contexts influencing the main character of The Bluest Eye, Pecols’s identity development, and the stage of her identity development with the help of Erikson and Marcia’s theories. The research used qualitative research through the literary psychology approach. The data collection had been taken from the novel entitled The Bluest Eye by Toni Morrison, selected and sorted to find out how many among them were supporting the research. The steps were data analysis and data validity. The results show that social contexts greatly affected Pecola’s life, and therefore her identity cannot be developed.; racism, thus, has an influence on all aspects of the black people. Pecola undergoes multiple oppression and abuse as a result of racism, which leads to her self-loathe. She, thus, believes that having blue eyes is the only hope to escape from the suffering she undergoes. It is a warning of identity confusion since she wants to change her identity and becomes white. It pushes her to insanity. Racism and abuse ruin a person’s life by creating hatred and damaged to a person’s soul, and segregate society into groups. It results in the division of groups through the use of terms such as ‘them’ and ‘us’, implying that they are not equal.

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Shabani, Somayeh. "Persuasive Strategies towards Racial Appeal in Tony Morrison’s The Bluest Eye." International Journal of Applied Linguistics and English Literature 7, no. 1 (December 15, 2017): 19. http://dx.doi.org/10.7575/aiac.ijalel.v.7n.1p.19.

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Racism is the main theme in Toni Morisson’s The Bluest Eye. The little black girl’s long lasting yearn for blue eyes has been linked to the standards of America’s society in 1940’s which associated beauty to being white. Although instances of racism are rampant throughout the story, previous studies have not attempted to determine the type of persuasive strategies used by Toni Morrison to justify racism in the novel. In this paper, the author made use of Aristotle’s concepts of ethos, logos, and pathos, as 3 main dimensions of persuasion to determine the strategies used in the novel by the narrator-Claudia. Descriptive qualitative analysis of the novel’s text revealed that the author has made use of all these strategies. Pathos was observed in form of feelings of fear, anger and hatred. Logos was observed in the logic of the grown up society of America about being white and ethos was found among the black who themselves credited the whites over their own race.

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6

Jahangir, Zenab, Tayyaba Bashir, and Rasib Mahmood. "The Bluest Eyes: Objectification of Women and Victimization of Male Sex-offenders." Liberal Arts and Social Sciences International Journal (LASSIJ) 2, no. 1 (June 30, 2018): 49–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.47264/idea.lassij/2.1.6.

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The present study intends to study Toni Morrison’s novel The Bluest Eyes with a Feminist approach. It shows how the sex-offenders oppress little black girls in a patriarchal society. The sex-offenders on the other hand are presented as victims of circumstances and their victimization of black girls is justified by portraying the girls to be the cause of the heinous acts committed to violate their innocence. All black girls, despite the claim of the novelist that it is written from their perspective, are presented in the novel to be reasonably oppressed by the male characters. The author through a series of incidents has tried to depict the objectification of the female sex on one side while the victimization of the sex-offenders on the other. It is a strange dichotomy of events and incidents which has been explored through Catherine Belsey’s Textual Analysis as tool of interpreting various scenes and dialogues.

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Abdul, Zanyar Kareem. "PSYCHOLOGICAL STUDY OF THEMES IN TONI MORISON’S THE BLUEST EYE THROUGH INFERIORITY COMPLEX." Language Literacy: Journal of Linguistics, Literature, and Language Teaching 4, no. 1 (June 12, 2020): 133–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.30743/ll.v4i1.2503.

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Toni Morrison’s The Bluest Eye (1970) is one of the controversial modern American novels. She is a Noble Prize winner whose works are praised for addressing the harsh consequences of racism and colour issue in America. The story is written during 1941, the Great Depression in which a black family suffers from poverty, colour skin, and familial issues. Pecola Breedlove, as the protagonist, suffers from Inferiority Complex in a dysfunctional family whose desire is to have white skin and blue eyes. The inferiority complex theory was taken from Alfred Adler, whose works are significantly backbone in the world of psychology. The aims of this research are to analyse the personality of Pecola through which she searches for an ideal beauty as a black female character in the novel and to demonstrate the impact of racist attitude and incestuous relationship within a family. The research result shows that Pecola’s lives provide an example of the pain which results from facing Inferiority Complex on which she never sees herself as a complete image of being. It is somewhat broken and lacks self-esteem through which she was seen as a mad woman in the attic.

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8

Saha, Aroop. "Portrayal of Psychic Violence in Fire on the Mountain and The Bluest Eye." Stamford Journal of English 6 (February 22, 2013): 230–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/sje.v6i0.13916.

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The role of woman is significant in the human world from the ancient time not only as a human being but also as an inseparable entity to take the mankind ahead with the time. The woman represents the symbol of nurture. She contributes to make progress in the family, society as well as country through her active participation same as the male counterpart. But woman is suppressed into lower status compared to the male power and position in the society intentionally, even after her great contribution in reality. The evidence can be found in the portrayal of woman in the literatures from the different cultures. How does the patriarchal society suppress the woman? How is the patriarchal ideology dominating the grand-narrative as well as molding the notion of womans psychology? In what ways, the voice of woman is controlled and represented with manipulative hegemony in unconstructive words? How is the woman fighting against the psychic violence to construct her self? Anita Desais Fire on the Mountain and Toni Morrisons The Bluest Eyes echo those thought provoking questions with ravenous eyes to discover the real female subject. Both writers exhibit the womans situation, emotion and realization which are scrutinized to observe the universality of female psyche. Stamford Journal of English; Volume 6; Page 230-248 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/sje.v6i0.13916

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S.M., Dr Vanamala. "Convergence of Biology and Gender Identity: A Study of Toni Morrison’s The Bluest Eyes." SMART MOVES JOURNAL IJELLH 9, no. 3 (March 27, 2021): 182–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.24113/ijellh.v9i3.10964.

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The concept of gender and the related practices are born at the intersection of biology and politics. Biological markers; physical, physiological and psychological are politicized for hierarchical positioning of man and woman. The nexus between biology and politics has also generated the notion of ‘immutability’ of woman’s ‘gendered self’. Women too, having interiorized the inferiority of the self unquestioningly and have shown little inclination to redefine her-‘self’ after having accepted the nature’s role in her physical and physiological formation. The inability for better ‘self’ definition is also due to the failure to distinguish the exact point of confluence between biology and politics in the socially ascribed gender identities. Caught in the imbroglio woman has suffered crippled social and psychological consequences and the same is well substantiated in the novel The Bluest Eye by African American writer Toni Morrison. The women characters in the novel are paradigms of real life situations. While some do acutely suffer from social and psychological deprivation having interiorized the inferiority of their biological markers, others handle affirmatively the socially ascribed deprivations of their physical self by understanding the nexus between biology and cultural politics. The novel successfully explores the fact that distinct anatomical difference between man and woman or the biological identities of humans should not be the cause or source of discriminatory practices. Or in other words the novel denies the inferiority of woman as something hermetically sealed and that social factors; advantages of birth (like race and social class), socio-cultural pressures, cultivation of mental culture and many more are of great consequence for both the formation of ‘positive self- identity’ by woman and for challenging of gender significations.

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Aminur Rashid, A. K. M. "The Blue Eyes vs Untrue Ideas: A Postcolonial Critique of Pecola’s Persistence to Fit in the White American Society in The Bluest Eye." Bulletin of Advanced English Studies 5, no. 1 (September 2020): 15–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.31559/baes2020.5.1.3.

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Set in Ohio, the north side of America, the tone in The Bluest Eye features post-colonial treatment to its central character, Pecola Breedlove. This paper discusses how she experiences a sense of being completely ruined after she is raped by her father, and her quest for the blue eyes meets merely untrue ideas. The plot, as described in the paper, provides a post-colonial background of two racial conflicts regarding the blackness, and the white beauty in America. This paper critically draws on the idea of physical whiteness as being the only American standard of beauty while Pecola’s physical ugliness draws on how black people get seriously marginalized for their blackness of their own bodies. The storyline progresses to show how Pecola‟s tragedy becomes the central theme regarding the issue of seeing, and of being seen. The paper presents a binary opposite through the portrayal of black Pecola on one side, and Mary Janes, or Shirley Temple on the other. Consequently, the conflicts meet hardly any positive solution. Pecola receives exactly the behavior that the black slaves were used to receive from the whites in the past. From the historical perspective, The United States experienced inequality between the whites, and the blacks at that time when Morrison wrote this novel. She saw that the black race got segregated from the whites in the case of superiority. Racial tension also influenced the children in the schools, where the black ones were ridiculed there. However, the acceptance of the fair skin, actually, tormented black people both psychologically, and left a scar on them like Pecola Breedlove experiences.

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Kpohoué, Ferdinand. "African Community Life Pattern in some Novels of Toni Morrison and Zora Neale Hurston." Studies in Linguistics and Literature 5, no. 3 (July 22, 2021): p1. http://dx.doi.org/10.22158/sll.v5n3p1.

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The objective in this paper is to investigate the preservation of the community life that characterizes African people in the novels of Toni Morrison and Zora Neale Hurston.As a matter of fact, in all of Morrison’s novels, the black community is, from one perspective, largely defined by the dominant white society and its standards. The Bluest Eye takes place in Morrison’s home town of Lorain, Ohio. In the novel, the black community of Lorain is separated from the upper-class white community, also known as Lake Shore Park, a place where blacks are not permitted. The setting for Sula is a small town in Ohio, located on a hillside known as “Bottom”. In Song of Solomon, the reader is absorbed into the black community, an entity unto itself, but yet never far removed from the white world. In Their Eyes Were Watching God, actions take place in Eatonville in Florida.The study has revealed that there exists a strong solidarity in the different communities in the novels selected for this study. Like African communities in Africa, gossips, tradition and other features appear in the novels of Toni Morrison and Zora Neale Hurston to make them different from the white communities that boarder them in America. These writers from the African diaspora work to preserve their original communities in their novels.

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Widyaningrum, Indiwara Pandu. "The World Literature and Women’s Voice in Toni Morrison’s The Bluest Eye (1970) and Han Kang’s The Vegetarian (2007)." Journal of Language and Literature 21, no. 1 (March 16, 2021): 105–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.24071/joll.v21i1.2937.

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This study seeks to investigate the women’s voice in the world literature depicted by ethnic female authors from African-American and Korean descent. Gaining international recognition in the world literature, Toni Morrison’s The Bluest Eyes (1970) and Han Kang’s The Vegetarian (2007) reveal different social-cultural conditions about how women are presented in their respective nation. Morrison presents the life of colored women struggling with racial discrimination in the predominant white society. Meanwhile, Kang employs the symbolic food of meat and vegetarianism to reveal the women’s voice against social conformity. Applying écriture feminine or women’s writing in the analysis, both Toni Morrison and Han Kang scrutinize the stereotypical representation of women as passive, obedient, and lacking. In examining the two works, some steps were done: 1) having close reading towards the text to analyze the representation of women; 2) doing the socio-cultural analysis in connection to the women’s voice; 3) drawing the conclusion about the significance of world literature to the women’s voice. This study finds that the world literature has its significant contribution as the windows for global readers to understand women’s issues portrayed in two different nations. Not only to present women’s voice, ethnic female authors such as Toni Morrison and Han Kang indeed share the local culture through their novels. With this condition, the world literature enables to break the barriers of male Western authors as the center by offering room for female writers from non-Western countries.

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13

Caputi, Jane. ""Specifying" Fannie Hurst: Langston Hughes's "Limitations of Life," Zora Neale Hurston's Their Eyes were Watching God, and Toni Morrison's the Bluest Eye as "Answers" to Hurst's Imitation of Life." Black American Literature Forum 24, no. 4 (1990): 697. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3041797.

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14

Moses, Cat. "The Blues Aesthetic in Toni Morrison's the Bluest Eye." African American Review 33, no. 4 (1999): 623. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2901343.

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Mayo, James. "Morrison's the Bluest Eye." Explicator 60, no. 4 (2002): 231–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00144940209597726.

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Bishop, John. "Morrison's the Bluest Eye." Explicator 51, no. 4 (July 1993): 252–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00144940.1993.9938051.

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Napieralski, Edmund A. "Morrison's the Bluest Eye." Explicator 53, no. 1 (October 1994): 59–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00144940.1994.9938820.

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Wren, James A. "Morrison’s the Bluest Eye." Explicator 55, no. 3 (April 1997): 172–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00144940.1997.11484168.

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Young, Harvey. "The Bluest Eye (review)." Theatre Journal 57, no. 3 (2005): 527. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/tj.2005.0099.

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Young, Harvey. "The Bluest Eye (review)." Theatre Journal 57, no. 3 (2005): 525–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/tj.2005.0126.

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Blumenthal, Rachel. "Morrison's the Bluest Eye." Explicator 65, no. 2 (January 2007): 117–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.3200/expl.65.2.117-119.

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Burcar, Lilijana. "Imploding the Racialized and Patriarchal Beauty Myth through the Critical Lens of Toni Morrison’s The Bluest Eye." Journal for Foreign Languages 9, no. 1 (December 28, 2017): 139–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.4312/vestnik.9.139-158.

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This contribution investigates and lays bare the ideological workings of racialized beauty myth as presented in Toni Morrison’s The Bluest Eye by bringing together feminist theory and postcolonial theory of race. It demonstrates that racialized beauty norms are informed by both the constructs of gender and race, and that they serve as a tool of social positioning and social control in Western capitalist patriarchies. This kind of contextual understanding, which Morrison’s The Bluest Eye helps to foster on a number of structurally interlocked levels, is also of crucial importance for the understanding of the way beauty myth operates today in the context of globally exported Western beauty industry. Its basic tenets remain firmly rooted in the construction and perpetuation of racialized and gendered otherness, which is why The Bluest Eye remains an eye-opener and therefore a novel of lasting value for readers in general and, as this contribution demonstrates, for students of English literature in particular.

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Farshid, Sima. "Panoptic Mechanism of the Blue-eyed in Toni Morrison’s "The Bluest Eye"." International Journal of Interdisciplinary Cultural Studies 8, no. 2 (2014): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.18848/2327-008x/cgp/v08i02/53189.

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Aggarwal, Ruchee. "Feminist perspective of Toni Morrison in “The Bluest Eye." Indian Journal of Applied Research 2, no. 1 (October 1, 2011): 110. http://dx.doi.org/10.15373/2249555x/oct2012/38.

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Prasher, Pawan. "Salzmann nodular degeneration after photorefractive keratectomy for hyperopia." Asian Journal of Ophthalmology 14, no. 2 (August 14, 2015): 77–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.35119/asjoo.v14i2.101.

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Purpose: To report a case of bilateral central Salzmann nodular degeneration (SND) after photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) for hyperopia.Methods: Case report.Results: A 47-year-old male presented with complaints of glare and difficulty with night driving. He had undergone PRK for hyperopia (+3.5+1.5x180 in the right eye and +4.5+1.0x180 in the left eye) in both eyes about 15 years back. The early postoperative period was uneventful; however, he started having these symptoms after two to three months. At presentation, uncorrected visual acuity was 20/100 and best corrected visual acuity was 20/30 with +3.5+1.0x180 in both eyes. Slit-lamp examination showed bilateral 1-1.5 mm diameter, bluish white nodular lesions involving the central corneas. There were also prominent paracentral brown pigment ring deposits consistent with pseudo-Fleischer rings in both eyes. Scheimpflug images showed dense hyper-reflective nodules that were associated with elevated anterior corneal surface and measured 290 μm in the right eye and 230 μm in the left eye, along with presence of significant astigmatism (K1- 45.1D, K2- 47.8D right eye and K1- 45.4D, K2- 49.2D left eye). Central pachymetry was 485 μm in the right eye and 464 μm in the left eye.Conclusions: SND is a rare complication of PRK for hyperopia that can lead to suboptimal visual outcome. PRK should be included in the list of etiologies leading to SND.

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Xavier T., Roy, and Dr A. J. Manju. "The Blackness in The Bluest Eye." SMART MOVES JOURNAL IJELLH 8, no. 4 (April 28, 2020): 136. http://dx.doi.org/10.24113/ijellh.v8i4.10530.

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Novels, of any time, carry certain stories related to reality. The earlier forms of the Novel, Allegory and Romance, contained religious, philosophical facts. These literary genres took the shape of Novels, which continue to carry moral, philosophical and historical truths. George Meredith, a Victorian novelist, defined Novel as the ‘summary of actual life’. According to William Henry Hudson, an English writer, Novel is an effective medium of the portrayal of human thoughts and actions. The English word, Novel derived from the Italian term, Novelle, which means ‘a fresh story’. It was in 1350 that the Italian writer, Giovanny Boccassio, wrote his world famous collection of love stories in prose, named Decameron. Such stories in prose were called ‘novelle’ and a story in verse was known as ‘romance’. It meant a story of the legendary past. Malory’s Morte d’Arthur is an example. Some experts gave various definitions for a ‘Novel’. According to an American novelist, F. Marion Crawford, a Novel is a pocket theatre; a novel contained all accessories of a drama without requiring to be staged before an audience. George Meredith, an English novelist, called it a ‘summary of actual life’ including both ‘the within and the without’. According to W.H Hudson, Novel is an effective medium of the portrayal of human thought and action, ‘combining in itself the creations of poetry, the details of history and generalised experience of philosophy’.

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Ropp, Sarah. "Troubling Survivorism in The Bluest Eye." MELUS 44, no. 2 (2019): 132–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/melus/mlz016.

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Peimanfard, Shima, and Fazel Asadi Amjad. "Othering Each Other: Mimicry, Ambivalence and Abjection in Toni Morrison’s The Bluest Eye." International Journal of Applied Linguistics and English Literature 7, no. 4 (June 1, 2018): 115. http://dx.doi.org/10.7575/aiac.ijalel.v.7n.4p.115.

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This study examines the intersections of Post colonialism and Psychoanalysis in Toni Morrison’s The Bluest Eye. It also aims to challenge Bhabha’s notions of mimicry and ambivalence as he deems them to be great forms of resistance against White supremacy. Indeed, The Bluest Eye considers Bhabha’s notion of mimicry as an oppressive strategy, especially when adopted by colonized characters like Pecola in their futile attempts to imbibe the imposed images of white culture. In addition to this literary inspiration, Julia Kristeva is among those Psychoanalytic critics who gives a further boost to my argument against Bhabha; remarking that mimicry creates the hazards of absorbing the norms of the dominant culture, and can result in psychological forms of oppression posed to the colonized, namely abjection. For instance, in Morrison’s The Bluest Eye, the non-whites use mimicry as the sole arena of struggle to get out of the marsh of abjection and create a sense of self; failing to grasp that mimicry itself contains the threat of ridding them to abjection and the vicious circle of ‘othering each other.’ Therefore, Bhabha’s ambivalent experience, to which the colonized is promoted through manifesting feats of mimicry is indeed a trap; for the voice that comes out of such experience is psychotic.

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Aghakhani Shahrezaee, Mina, and Zahra Jannessari Ladani. "Toni Morrison's Beloved and the Bluest Eye: A Cultural Materialistic Approach." International Letters of Social and Humanistic Sciences 30 (June 2014): 17–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.18052/www.scipress.com/ilshs.30.17.

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This article aims to investigate two novels of Toni Morrison, Beloved and The Bluest Eye, by a cultural materialistic approach. Cultural materialists emphasize on the cultural aspects and elements of literary texts. They study issues such as race, gender, sexuality, social class, and slavery. In other words, they put under investigation the marginalized people of society, like black people, females, and slaves. In this regard, Toni Morrison is a great writer whose writings are replete with cultural issues. As most of the main characters of Toni Morrison's novels are black people, so it can be concluded that for her, marginalized people of society and minorities especially females, are at center. Therefore, in this paper, it is aimed to emphasize on cultural elements of Morrison's novels, Beloved and The Bluest Eye, and determine what stance she takes toward such minorities.

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Wong, Shelley. "Transgression as Poesis in The Bluest Eye." Callaloo 13, no. 3 (1990): 471. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2931331.

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Amiri, Mehdi. "Differend in Toni Morrison's The Bluest Eye." Advances in Language and Literary Studies 8, no. 3 (June 30, 2017): 181. http://dx.doi.org/10.7575/aiac.alls.v.8n.3p.181.

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Through the process of passage of man's life, there are some conditions and situations wherein he remains silent and he cannot do anything in the response of others. A postmodern French thinker, Jean-François Lyotard articulates that man is forced to be silent in confronting to some situations and conditions. Lyotard states that man is incapable of representing and expressing his own inner emotions and thoughts in some conditions. This situation of unrepresentability and unanswerability is named differend by Lyotard. Due to Lyotard's differend, through reading Toni Morrison's The Bluest Eye, the reader can notice that there are some conditions in which some characters are unable to represent and state their own feelings and ideas. In this sense, some black people or characters of the novel are surrounded by the conditions that they cannot utter themselves when they face others, especially white people.

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Young, Harvey, and Jocelyn Prince. "Adapting The Bluest Eye for the Stage." African American Review 45, no. 1-2 (2012): 143–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/afa.2012.0020.

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Patil, Bharat, Gautam Sinha, Bhagabat Nayak, Reetika Sharma, Sadhana Kumari, and Tanuj Dada. "Bilateral Sturge-Weber and Phakomatosis Pigmentovascularis with Glaucoma, an Overlap Syndrome." Case Reports in Ophthalmological Medicine 2015 (2015): 1–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/106932.

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Aim. To report a case of bilateral Sturge-Weber and Phakomatosis pigmentovascularis with secondary glaucoma in a child.Method. Case report.Results. A 4-year-old male child was referred to us for control of intraocular pressure (IOP). Sleeping IOP was 36 mm Hg in right eye and 28 mm Hg in the left eye. The sclera of both the eyes showed bluish black pigmentation—melanosis bulbi. Fundus examination of both eyes showed diffuse choroidal hemangiomas with glaucomatous cupping. Nevus flammeus was present on both sides of face along all the 3 divisions of trigeminal nerve with overlying hypertrophy of skin and on left forearm. Nevus fuscocaeruleus was present on upper trunk. All skin lesions were present since birth and were stationary in nature. CT scan of head revealed left-sided cerebral atrophy. Intraocular pressure was controlled after treatment with topical antiglaucoma medications. Pulsed Dye Laser has been advised by dermatologist for skin lesions. Patient has been advised for regular follow-up.Conclusion. The two overlapping dermatological disorders and their association with glaucoma are a rare entity. Management should be targeted both for dermatological and eye conditions.

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Carvalho, Ana Carolina Campos de. "Beauty Matters, Race Matters: Issues of Beauty in the African-American Family in The Bluest Eye and I Know Why the Caged Bird Sings." Em Tese 11 (December 31, 2007): 21. http://dx.doi.org/10.17851/1982-0739.11.0.21-25.

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This essay studies Toni Morrison’s The Bluest Eye and MayaAngelou’s I Know Why the Caged Bird Sings and the stories ofblack girls relating their color to the beauty standards set bywhite America. It shows the role families play on these girls’reaction to these standards.

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Tripathy, Dr Nirjharini. "Racism and Representation of Racialized Beauty in Toni Morrison’s The Bluest Eye." SMART MOVES JOURNAL IJELLH 8, no. 10 (October 28, 2020): 164–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.24113/ijellh.v8i10.10812.

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The American novelist Toni Morrison’s novel The Bluest Eye portrays black society and deals with the themes of black victimization and racial oppression. It presents a prolonged representation of the means in which the standards of internalized white beauty contort the life and existence of black women. This paper explores and elucidates the impact of race, racial oppression and representation in The Bluest Eye. And how racism also edifices the hatredness between Blackand White communities. This paper will discuss various issues and concepts such as Race, Race in the Colonial Period, Racializing the Other and Stereotyping. The paper also deals with understanding Representation through the ideas of Saussure, Barthes, Levi-Strauss, Foucault, Geertz, and Said. Racism is primarily a belief in the supremacy and dominance of one race upon another that consequences in the differences, discrimination and prejudice of people towards one another rooted and established on their race or ethnicity. Racism has deeply affected the African-American coloured people making them feel inferior. The Bluest Eye reflects the appalling effect on blacks individualising the values of a white culture that rejects them both immediately and incidentally. Even after abolition of slavery legally still the African-Americans faces the cruelty of racial discrimination and never considered equal to the whites. The Black people struggles to ascertain themselves with the white and their ethnic ways. Toni Morrison propounds on black cultural heritage and seeks the African-Americans to be gratified and proud of their black colour as well black identity. This paper conveys the essence of the coloured people’s fight for their race, and also its continuance and forbearance in a principally multicultural White dominated America.

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김준년. "Race over Psychoanalysis:Toni Morrison’s The Bluest Eye Revisited." English & American Cultural Studies 13, no. 3 (December 2013): 75–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.15839/eacs.13.3.201312.75.

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Hema, V. "An Analysis of Toni Morrison’s the Bluest Eye." International Journal of English Literature and Social Sciences 4, no. 1 (2019): 128–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.22161/ijels.4.1.25.

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Li, Stephanie. "Reflections on Fifty Years of The Bluest Eye." College Literature 47, no. 4 (2020): 682–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/lit.2020.0034.

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Tanrıtanır, Bülent Cercis, and Kıvılcım Uzun. "Intertextual relationships in Toni Morrison’s The Bluest Eye." International Journal of Social Sciences and Education Research 1, no. 1 (March 3, 2015): 156. http://dx.doi.org/10.24289/ijsser.106406.

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Gibson, Donald B. "Text and countertext in Toni Morrison'sthe bluest eye." Lit: Literature Interpretation Theory 1, no. 1-2 (December 1989): 19–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10436928908580021.

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Irfan Mehmood, Dr. Komal Ansari, and Dr. M. K. Sangi. "Hegemonic Domination of White over Black in “The Bluest Eye” by Toni Morrison." sjesr 3, no. 4 (December 25, 2020): 29–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.36902/sjesr-vol3-iss4-2020(29-34).

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Every human being is beautiful with his own colour and appearance. No colour makes one beautiful but the white people of America have propagated the idea of white beauty as a tool of their politics to show themselves superior to the blacks. They focused on the colour because to be white for a black is unattainable as it is biological. They also tried to create self-hatred among the blacks by spreading the white ideology. They hegemonized the blacks to accept the concept of white beauty by using advertisements, media, actors and education. They also forced the blacks to be considered as ugly creating the least opportunities in the work places for the black community of America; alienating them from the society and torturing them both mentally and physically. As in The Bluest Eye, Pecola and her family are the worst victims of white men’s politics. Pecola together with her family members is both mentally and physically tortured and tormented to accept the white ideology. However, Pecola and her mother have accepted the white ideology and Pecola has mostly desired to get the bluest eye. On the other hand, Claudia resisted against the white men and their ideology. At the end, Pecola has accepted the baby of Cholly Breedlove as a token of love and self-reliance and both Claudia and Frieda wish to have the safe delivery of it. Therefore, in this article I would like to show that how the white men employed their evil intention of using the colour for dominating the blacks in America as a part of power politics, and also show black people’s reaction toward the white ideology with reference to The Bluest Eye by Toni Morrison.

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Karim, Sajjadul, and Mohd Muzhafar Bin Idrus. "Black empowerment and Afro-American values in Toni Morrison’s The Bluest Eye." IIUC Studies 16 (November 7, 2020): 111–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/iiucs.v16i0.50181.

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The Bluest Eye of Toni Morrison is extraordinarily significant, as it addresses the different sides of American literature, and the lives of the Afro-American people. Although the conventional theological aspects of white culture can negatively influence other characters of Morrison, it is Pecola whose life appears to be increasingly defenseless against the impulses of the individuals who have accepted the Western custom. In a democratic country, people generally have the same value, but there are still prejudices in the concepts of beauty and worthiness. The search for freedom, black identity, the nature of evil and the robust voices of African-Americans have become themes for African-American literature. Folklore covers the history of black and white interaction in the United States and also summarizes the feelings expressed in protest literature1. Morrison argues that the survival of the dark ladies in a white dominated society depends on loving their own way of life and dark race and rejecting the models of white culture or white excellence. This article attempts to examine The Bluest Eye from the perspective of empowerment of blacks and African American and their value system. IIUC Studies Vol.16, December 2019: 111-121

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Dr. N. Seraman, Dr N. Seraman, and T. Selvakkumar T. Selvakkumar. "Race, Class and Gender Bias as Reflected in Toni Morrison Novel’s “ The Bluest Eye." Indian Journal of Applied Research 3, no. 2 (October 1, 2011): 4–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.15373/2249555x/feb2013/2.

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송종민. "Internalized Dominant Discourse and Resistance in The Bluest Eye." Jungang Journal of English Language and Literature 56, no. 4 (December 2014): 195–215. http://dx.doi.org/10.18853/jjell.2014.56.4.010.

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Malmgren, Carl D. "Texts, Primers, and Voices in Toni Morrison'sThe Bluest Eye." Critique: Studies in Contemporary Fiction 41, no. 3 (January 2000): 251–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00111610009601590.

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Maleki, Nasser. "Negrophobia and Anti-Negritude in Morrison’s The Bluest Eye." Epiphany 8, no. 1 (July 2, 2015): 68. http://dx.doi.org/10.21533/epiphany.v8i1.120.

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Long, Lisa A. "A New Midwesternism in Toni Morrison’s The Bluest Eye." Twentieth-Century Literature 59, no. 1 (2013): 104–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/0041462x-2013-2009.

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Eleiwa, Taher, Mariam Raheem, Nimesh A. Patel, Audina M. Berrocal, Alana Grajewski, and Mohamed Abou Shousha. "Case Series of Brittle Cornea Syndrome." Case Reports in Ophthalmological Medicine 2020 (March 20, 2020): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/4381273.

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Purpose. This case series demonstrate diagnostic features, treatment options, and challenges for Brittle Cornea Syndrome. Observations. Three cases presented with bluish sclera and extremely thin cornea. Genetic workup was performed and confirmed the diagnosis of Brittle Cornea Syndrome, a rare autosomal recessive disorder characterized by corneal thinning and blue sclera. Case 1 was a 4-year-old boy who developed cataract and glaucoma after undergoing right tectonic penetrating keratoplasty (PK) secondary to a spontaneous corneal rupture. Glaucoma was controlled medically. Later, the kid underwent right transcorneal lensectomy and vitrectomy with synechiolysis. After 6 weeks, he sustained graft dehiscence that was repaired using onlay patch graft. Case 2 was a 7-year-old boy who underwent PK in the right eye, then a pericardial patch graft in the left eye following spontaneous corneal rupture. Glaucoma in both eyes was controlled medically. Case 3 was the 2-year-old sister of the 2nd case. She had a pachymetry of 238 μm OD and 254 μm OS. In the 3 cases, parents were instructed to take protective measures for both eyes and to continue with follow-up visits. Also, they were instructed to have regular screenings for late-onset hearing loss, dental abnormalities, and bone deformities. Conclusions. Long-term follow-up of children diagnosed with Brittle Cornea Syndrome is paramount to minimize the morbidity of corneal rupture and late-onset extraocular conditions.

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Zhu, Lin. "A Comparative Study of Similarities between Morrison and Tie Ning." English Language and Literature Studies 6, no. 4 (November 29, 2016): 70. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/ells.v6n4p70.

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The thesis, employing parallel method in comparative literary study and an approach of feminism, conducts a comparison in the light of a lack of feminist consciousness and a hostile outlet of feminist consciousness in The Bluest Eye and Sula by Toni Morrison, an African American author, and Gate of Roses by Tie Ning, a Chinese contemporary author, which illustrates that an extreme feminist consciousness does damage to a healthy feminist consciousness.

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Hosseiny, Sediqeh, and Ensieh Shabanirad. "A Du Boisian Reading of The Bluest Eye by Toni Morrison." International Letters of Social and Humanistic Sciences 60 (September 2015): 121–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.18052/www.scipress.com/ilshs.60.121.

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Due to the color of their skins, Blacks were always subject to different types of disrespect and insecurity in their society. Among different groups of people, writers and critics knew it as their responsibility to act as Black people’s voice and talk on behalf of them, as these people were labeled as ‘The Other’ by the Whites. Du Bios created a kind of new trend of dealing with African-American culture by innovating the concept known as “double consciousness”, and arguing that these black people were trapped between dual personalities. As an American writer, Toni Morrison carried this specific burden upon her shoulders to reveal all those oppressions Blacks had to bear in their life, like what she depicted in the novel The Bluest Eyewith portrayal of the main black character Pecolla who is being blamed for the color of her skin. This article intends to elaborate some inherent postcolonial traces in Toni Morrison’s outstanding novel The Bluest Eye and examine how European power and white people were dominating the whole system of the society and what kind of regretful complications Blacks had to endure, and at the same time working on how Du Bois’s concept of double consciousness can be analyzed in black characters.

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