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Brasebin, Jenny. "Road novel, road movie : approche intermédiale du récit de la route." Thesis, Paris 3, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA030088.
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Apparu au lendemain de la Seconde Guerre mondiale avec la publication en 1957 d’On the Road de Jack Kerouac et la sortie, 12 ans plus tard, d’Easy Rider de Dennis Hopper, le road novel et le road movie constituent à nos yeux les deux versants de ce que nous avons choisi de nommer le récit de la route. Devant l’absence de réelle étude conjointe entre les deux formes et la persistance d’amalgames, nous souhaitons mettre en évidence ce qui permettrait de distinguer le road novel et le road movie d’autres récits d’errance. Un tel travail nécessite la mise au jour d’un outil d’analyse intermédial permettant d’embrasser de concert des oeuvres relevant d’expressions médiatiques différentes. Nous proposons donc de recourir au concept de chronotope développé par Bakhtine en littérature, et dont il a été démontré il y a peu qu’il est aussi susceptible de s’appliquer à un objet cinématographique. Nous posons que road novel et road movie reposent sur la combinaison d’un ensemble de chronotopes fondamentaux : celui de la route, dans le contexte de la motorisation et des non-lieux de la postmodernité, et celui du seuil, compris comme l’expression du tournant d’une vie. La présence d’une dimension parodique nous amène en outre à mobiliser un autre concept bakhtinien : celui de carnavalesque, qui s’articulerait justement autour des chronotopes de la route et du seuil définis précédemment. Afin de procéder à cette analyse chronotopique, nous nous appuyons sur un corpus d’oeuvres empruntées au répertoire américain, québécois et allemand, en raison notamment des multiples passerelles susceptibles d’être érigées entre ces différentes culturesAppearing in the wake of World War II, with the publication in 1957 of On the Road by Jack Kerouac,followed 12 years later with the screening of Denis Hopper’s Easy Rider, the road novel and road movie constitute, we argue, two sides of what we call the road narrative. Faced with a lack of comprehensive studies embracing both sides concurrently, and with recurrent amalgams, we reflect on the components differentiating the road novel and road movie from other types of wandering stories. Such a project calls for the construction of an intermedial apparatus, enabling us to jointly encompass artworks belonging to different media formats. Consequently, we build on the concept of the chronotope, as developed by Bakhtin as a tool for literarycriticism, and recently extended by scholars to cinematographic objects. We show how road novels and roadmovies emerge from the combination of two fundamental chronotopes: that of the road, exemplified by a postmodern universe dominated by motor vehicles and non-places, and that of the threshold, understood as the expression of a critical turn in one’s life. The noted presence of a parodic dimension in road narrativescalls for the introduction of an additional bakhtinian concept: the carnivalesque, which, as we show, can be articulated in relation to the previously defined road and threshold chronotopes. For this chronotopical analysis, we selected artworks from the American, Quebecois and German repertoires, a choice justified by the numerous potential connections to be established between those three different cultures
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Lindgren, Fanny. "Upp och ned, hit och dit : En romananalys av Haruki Murakamis Fågeln som vrider upp världen utifrån Michail Bachtins kronotopteori." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för kultur- och medievetenskaper, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-66699.
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In this essay Murakami Haruki’s novel The Wind Up Bird Chronicle was analysed from the perspective of Mikhail Bakhtin’s theory of the chronotope. The aim was to explore the concept of time and space as presented in the novel. In particular, the analysis focused on how Bakhtin’s chronotopes can be applied to The Wind Up Bird Chronicle, how the chronotopes can enhance our understanding of the novel, and finally how the chronotope theory can be applied to the concept of ‘magic realism’ that is often used to describe Murakami’s authorship. Four chronotopes, presented by Bachtin, were selected and applied to the novel: every-day life, the road, crisis and the castle. The concept of the chronotope allows analysis of how time and space work together in literature and how they form patterns of correlation in the sujet. Results showed that the four chronotopes were found in the novel, and that they also interacted with each other. The chronotope of everyday-life was apparent throughout the novel, and the narrator was under its control. The narrator also seemed to create every-day life out of the chronotopes of the road and crisis by re-living the crises in the road. These three chronotopes seemed inseparable in The Wind Up Bird Chronicle. Finally, the fourth chronotope, the castle, illustrated how a concrete room in the novel, a house, became a part of time and space through a character who, by his presence, gave the impression of slowing down time. When this character disappeared, time made its way through space, making the chronotope of the castle visible. The essay concludes that the chronotope theory was a relevant way to analyse The Wind Up Chronicle as it provided a concept of how time and space appeared together in a novel where time and space is always present. The analysis helped creating a way of understanding the patterns in the novel, which were not always clear, thereby also increasing the understanding of The Wind Up Bird Chronicle.
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LIU, Jingya. "Chronotope and regional Chinese independent films." Digital Commons @ Lingnan University, 2010. https://commons.ln.edu.hk/cs_etd/2.
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This thesis aims to re-categorize Chinese independent films from a region-based perspective as a critical response to existing literature on Chinese independent films. This thesis analyzes three independent films made in three different regions of China in order to investigate regional Chinese independent cinema as a recently rising phenomenon: respectively, Jia Zhangke’s Xiaowu (1997) made in Shanxi Province, Ying Liang’s Taking Father Home (Bei yazi de nanhai, 2006) in Sichuan Province, and Robin Weng’s Fujian Blue (Jinbi huihuang, 2007) in Fujian Province.
By using Bakhtin’s concept of chronotope (literally time-space) as the fundamental framework and exploring the many aspects of it, I will develop three major theoretical points to study selected regional Chinese independent films: first, chronotope enables the evaluation of texts of Chinese independent films; second, the documentary impulses prevailing Chinese independent films serve as the chronotopic linkage between the world in the film text and the world the film text represents; three, the mediation function as one aspect of chronotope is characterized by the negotiation between regional Chinese independent films and many social relations, for example, filmmakers, casting, audiences.
This thesis also explores many issues related to Chinese independent films, for example: How do we value the unique film practice of Chinese independent filmmakers instead of viewing them as a unified whole? How do we relate Chinese independent films as aesthetic practices to the region-specific reality they are embedded in? How can Chinese independent cinema as a social practice play an effective role in society? The exploration of these questions does not only enlighten new research perspectives on Chinese independent films, but also provide reflections on the geographical, cultural and social diversity of Chinese regions.
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Larsen, M. D. H. "The Bakhtinian chronotope : origins, modifications and additions." Thesis, University of Kent, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.244340.
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Elmgren, Charlotta. "The Chronotope of Immigration in Jeffrey Eugenides' Middlesex." Thesis, Stockholms universitet, Engelska institutionen, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-61587.
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Jeffrey Eugenides‟ Middlesex can be ascribed to many genres, one of which is the novel of immigration. Mikhail Bakhtin has suggested that each genre, indeed any literary motif, can be defined by its own chronotope, literally “time space,” “the intrinsic connectedness of temporal and spatial relationships that are artistically expressed in literature.” The essay discusses the chronotope of immigration in Middlesex, and looks at how four specific intersections of time and space, embodied by the four houses inhabited by the Stephanides family, contribute to the unfolding of this particular immigration saga. The four houses can thus be seen to represent the key elements of this novel‟s instance of a chronotope of immigration, which brings up concepts such as assimilation, hybridity and “third space.” The essay also examines the relations of central characters to time, space and each other; the upstairs/downstairs and inside/outside dichotomies within each house providing interesting keys to inter-gender and inter-generational alienation within this chronotope of immigration.
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Montgomery, Michael Vincent. "Bakhtin's chronotope and the rhetoric of Hollywood film." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/185758.
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This dissertation considers Hollywood film locales rhetorically, as the site of many different kinds of community activities and perspectives. In particular, my focus will be on locales and mise-en-scene elements that replicate certain "chronotopic" patterns of time and space organized by our culture in its literature. These special patterns, along with their signifying functions, were first outlined by Mikhail Bakhtin during the period 1937-1938. As a first step, I begin with a broad survey, outlining the salient features of Bakhtin's individual chronotopes ancient and modern, and considering fundamental connections between these chronotopes and classical Hollywood genres of the 1940s. I devote my second chapter to the exploration of other important theoretical bases of Bakhtin's work; in particular, to the belief in the rejuvenating power of folk language and the carnivalesque. My argument is that the "idyllic chronotope" is given the same position of centrality in Bakhtin's discussions of space and time as carnivalesque speech genres are in his discussions of language. The appearance of an "idyllic interlude" in a work of literature or in a film can suddenly throw the rest of the represented world into moralizing "perspective" just as a carnivalesque insult or quip can "degrade" a high-sounding speech. My third theoretical problem will be the reception and processing of the film text. How does the audience of a film apply their socially-formed schema and knowledge of the characters' "situations" to a film text in order to construct meaning? Here I demonstrate how the "high-lighting" of a film text with recognizable chronotopes can help an audience to form judgments about characters and to construct analogies between character situations and situations arising in their own communities. In my fourth and final chapter, I branch out from Bakhtin's models to consider new chronotopes as they may develop during a particular historical decade. Specifically, I examine the representation of the "shopping mall" as it appears throughout a dozen or so 1980s films in order to show how the spatiotemporal worlds suggested by these films can be "opened out" into a study of teen culture and social mores across the decade as a whole.
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Georgieva, Natalia. "The Chronotope in John Updike's Novel The Centaur." Kent State University / OhioLINK, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=kent1334779401.
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Salema, Ricardo Elias. "Hitler in America: a study of chronotope in alternate history novels." Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1843/ECAP-94LKKJ.
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Nos romances 'O homem do castelo alto', de Philip K. Dick, e 'O complô contra a América', de Philip Roth, Adolf Hitler derrota seus oponentes e inicia seu plano de dominação mundial. Nazistas e japoneses governam o mundo e alteram sua organização política e social. Estas são histórias alternativas que ilustram como as consequências políticas e econômicas desta nova organização afeta os indivíduos. A presente dissertação analisará as possibilidades hipotéticas nos romances referentes aos dilemas morais e aos sacrifícios que seriam impostos ao povo americano. A linha teórica está baseada no conceito de cronotopo de Bakhtin, e embasada na visão histórica de Rosenfeld. Será feita uma análise de como a privação da liberdade interfere nos julgamentos morais das personagens e das consequências do regime totalitário nas vidas de uma minoria perseguida.
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Newell, Marilee. "The wyvern's tale : a thought experiment in Bakhtinian dual chronotope occupation." Thesis, University of St Andrews, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/2154.
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The non-fiction introduction to The Wyvern’s Tale: A Thought Experiment in Bakhtinian Dual Chronotope Occupation documents the evolution of the novel, The Wyvern’s Tale, from the ideas that inspired it to its current incarnation as a full-length novel intended for an adult audience. It comprises an explanation of the novel’s main concept, Bakhtinian dual chronotope occupation, as well as an idea-focused account of the creative-writing process. Detailed in the introduction’s theoretical premise is the relationship between Mikhail Bakhtin’s theories of chronotope and the carnivalesque and the ideal of the divided union in Chalcedonian Christology. This relationship revolves around the state of existing in two time-spaces at once. The novel, The Wyvern’s Tale, explores this dual existence imaginatively using the setting of parallel worlds – the every-day world and a fictional world called Wyvern – as well as a protagonist, who functions in the fictional world as a Christ-figure. Particular thematic emphasis is placed on differing perceptions of truth and reality, and on the transformative power of costumes. The novel’s outcome, dependent on the reader’s decision as to whether dual chronotope occupation is possible or impossible, is respectively either hopeful or tragic. It attempts to reflect the outcome of the life and death of Christ depending on whether his co-existence as God and man was real or imagined.
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Macapagal, Katrina Angela R. "The slum chronotope and imaginaries of spatial justice in Philippine urban cinema." Thesis, Queen Margaret University, 2017. https://eresearch.qmu.ac.uk/handle/20.500.12289/8975.
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This dissertation proposes that Philippine independent urban cinema reveals imaginaries of spatial justice. The works approached as Philippine urban cinema are independently produced and internationally circulated films that heavily feature or reference Philippine slums as setting, with narratives that centre on the lives of the urban poor. The theory of spatial justice as defined by leading urban theorists argues that social justice has spatio-temporal dimensions. Grounded on this foundational premise, this study approaches Philippine urban cinema in its capacity to foreground and represent the complexities of social justice as contextualised in Philippine urban conditions, with local and global trajectories. Alongside the theory of spatial justice, the dissertation draws from Mikhail Bakhtin’s theory of the “chronotope” (literally meaning time-space) to formulate a theory of the “slum chronotope” as a foundational concept for analysing the ways by which films are able to imagine issues of spatial justice, with emphasis on character configuration and narrative formation. The chapters are structured according to genres and modalities, where other chronotopes that dialogue with the slum chronotope are identified and examined. In the comingof- age chapter, the study locates “chronotopes of passage”; in the melodrama chapter, the study locates “affective chronotopes” configured by the spatial practice of walking; in the Manila noir chapter, the study locates “chronotopes of mobility”; and in the final chapter, the study locates “chronotopes of in/visibility” in the Overseas Filipino Worker genre. This study offers a novel interdisciplinary framework for analysing Philippine urban cinema, and in the process, makes a case for Philippine urban history as crucial grounds for understanding the global urbanisation of poverty.
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Fiskaa, Sverre, and n/a. "Road Maps - Navigating the Road Movie." RMIT University. Creative Writing, 2006. http://adt.lib.rmit.edu.au/adt/public/adt-VIT20080627.154735.
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This Master of Arts project in Creative Writing was submitted to the School of Creative Media at Royal Melbourne University of Technology. It contains a full length feature screenplay for an un-produced road movie entitled Free Radicals. It is primarily a dark love story between the drug-addicted rent boy Roman and the budding actor, the protagonist Jonathan. It is however written in a conventional structure familiar to Hollywood professionals, and a good deal of humour is used to attract interest in the story. The storyline itself is more familiar to the audience of road movies and independent features in the US or European Art House ventures. The exegesis explores the history and the conventions of the road movie genre, in addition to the established and not often debated conventions of screenwriting theory. The thesis attempts to show how these theories were applied to the screenplay and how they influenced the process of writing it within an academic and commercial context. The MA project shows how different expectations may create a conflict in the personal writing process and inspire a product that makes compromises. The reason for reading this project may not only be the product itself but also the insight it offers into a screenwriting profession where it is often important to meet expectations.
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Lopez, Mikael. ""Where the Trails All Cross" : Chronotopes, Cyclic Time and Recycled Mythology in Pauline Melville's The Ventriloquist's Tale." Thesis, Stockholms universitet, Engelska institutionen, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-100147.
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Pauline Melville’s The Ventriloquist’s Tale is an intricately layered novel in which the myths and folktales of the Amerindians of Guyana, as they are represented in Melville’s novel, are engaged in a dialogue with their reality. This narrative/mythical dialogue results in enactments and re-enactments of the myths and folktales, not only retelling them, but also recycling them, resulting in the Amerindians interpreting their myths and folktales nonmetaphorically. Mikhail Bakhtin’s concept of settings as chronotopes, “timespaces” in which time and space are inseparable from each other and from the theme, is used to define the distinct thematic qualities of the three narrative layers in the novel. I label these three chronotopes unfixed space, the juncture, and the interior. The interior is established as the chronotope in which the enactments and reenactments of myths and folktales primarily take place, re/enactments which add yet another layer to the novel. I argue that the reason the chronotope of the interior is the nexus of these myths and folktales is largely because the Amerindians adhere to a concept of time which is cyclical rather than linear. The enactments and reenactments are then unfolded as intentionally complex and contradictory threads, which are then untangled to show how the myths and folktales are recycled in the novel. This untangling reveals how the threads interconnect, and how they can all be traced back to the narrator, the trickster deity Macunaima, suggesting he is as unbound by temporal and spatial limitations as the narrative layer of myths and folktales from which he has emerged.
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Ahn, Ki-Jung. "Road pricing, modal choice and road network." Kyoto University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/136104.
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Zanule, Paul Gudoi. "Road Management System and Road Safety in Uganda." ScholarWorks, 2015. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/368.
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Traffic collisions cost Uganda millions of dollars each year. The purpose of this descriptive case study was to describe the strategies and processes needed to implement a road management system. Such a system would significantly reduce the fatalities and accidents in Uganda, improve the transportation within Kampala's business district, and increase business profitability. Three conceptual theories framed the research study: management theory, strategic management theory, and criminology theory. Using a snowball sampling strategy, data were collected from open-ended interviews, questionnaires, observations, and archived documents from 20 administrative participants in the government and organizational leaders involved in the transport operations and transport services in the Kampala business district in Uganda. Data were analyzed using 3 phases: (a) interpretational analysis, coding, and grouping segments; (b) structural analysis, consistency, and quality; and (c) reflective analysis, consequences, what, when, where, and how. Five themes or action requirements emerged from the data analysis: to improve transport operations and transport services profitability, reduce traffic jams and fatalities, provide sufficient driving training, maintain road infrastructure, and maintain traffic law enforcement. The findings and recommendations from this study may improve the profitability of businesses, reduce the traffic jams and fatalities, and improve the gross domestic product of Uganda, thereby contributing to positive social change.
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Parker, Daniel S. "Phenomenology of Space and TIme in Rudyard Kipling's Kim: Understanding Identity in the Chronotope." Digital Archive @ GSU, 2012. http://digitalarchive.gsu.edu/english_theses/132.
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This thesis intends to investigate the ways in which the changing perceptions of landscape during the nineteenth century play out in Kipling’s treatment of Kim’s phenomenological and epistemological questions of identity by examining the indelible influence of space— geopolitical, narrative, and imaginative—on Kim’s identity. By interrogating the extent to which maps encode certain ideological assumptions, I will assess the problematic issues of Kim’s multi-faceted identity through an exploration of both geographical and narrative landscapes and the various chronotopes—Bakhtin’s term for coexisting frameworks of time and space—that ultimately provide a new reading of identity-formation in Kim.
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Collington, Tara Leah. "La corrélation essentielle des rapports spatio-temporels, la validité heuristique du chronotope de Bakhtine." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp03/NQ63825.pdf.
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Pearsall, Sarah E. "South Road." FIU Digital Commons, 2013. http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/821.
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SOUTH ROAD, a novel told in third-person limited, follows Adrienne Harris as she navigates the trials of her coming-of-age summer and then must deal with the aftermath. 1997: seventeen-year-old Adrienne Harris wants nothing more than to flee her eccentric grandmother’s rule and leave Harbor Point and never look back. When she meets her new neighbors, Adrienne knows her life will never be the same. Adrienne quickly falls in love with the charismatic Quinn Merritt. They decide to keep their relationship a secret since both families disapprove. This secret starts a chain reaction that seemingly leads to the suicide of the troubled and poetic Lucas Merritt. The summer culminates with Adrienne running away, pregnant and heartbroken. 2011: thirty-one-year-old Adrienne is an out of work line cook and single mother. The story opens as Adrienne reluctantly returns home to Harbor Point to care for her ailing grandmother. Once home, Adrienne has to confront the things that haunt her—the summer she met and lost both Merritt brothers, and also her dysfunctional relationship with her grandmother—in order to heal and repair her own life and her relationship with her daughter.
In the end, Adrienne discovers many truths that alter her perception of her past in Harbor Point. Adrienne is finally able to move forward and start to build a life for her and her daughter. Harbor Point, the last place in the world Adrienne Harris wanted to be, turns out to be the only place she wants to call home.
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Dewoody, Dale W. "Road Debris." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2012. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc115068/.
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This dissertation comprises two parts: Part I, which discusses the growing trend in project books in contemporary poetry, and Part II, a collection of poems titled, Road Debris. There is an increasing trend in the number of project books, which are collections of poetry unified in both thematic and formal ways. the individual poems in a project book share overt connections which allow the book to work on many different levels, blending elements of fiction and non-fiction or sharing a specific theme or speaker. While these books have the advantage of being easily memorable, which might gain poets an edge in book contests, there are also many risks involved. the main issue surrounding project books is if the individual poems can justify the book, or do they seem too repetitive or forced. As more poets, especially newer ones, try to use the project book as a shortcut to publication, it can result in poorly written poems forced to fit into a particular concept. By examining three successful cotemporary project books—The Quick of It, by Eamon Grennan; Incident Light, by H. L. Hix; and Romey’s Order by Astory Riley—this essay discusses how these books work in order to understand the potential of the project book. All of these books work in distinctly different ways, yet they all fall into the category of project book. While project books will inevitably result in poor imitations, it allows books of poetry to expand and explore in different directions.
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Betancourt, Daniel. "Rosine's Road." NSUWorks, 2015. http://nsuworks.nova.edu/writing_etd/10.
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Resche, Christine. "La symbolique des quatre éléments primordiaux et les figures du temps : De la dramaturgie européenne aux livrets de Verdi." Thesis, Clermont-Ferrand 2, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012CLF20022/document.
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Notre travail, qui centre la représentation symbolique des quatre éléments (terre, eau, air, feu), part de l' « imagination matérielle » de Bachelard en vue d'établir une réflexion équilibrée autour de dynamiques dramaturgiques et littéraires (particulièrement Hugo et Shakespeare) en amont des opéras de Verdi pou r déboucher sur l'analyse de ces derniers, d'un point de vue littéraire et musical. À partir de la mythographie des quatre éléments, diverses figures du temps émergent des livrets verdiens et livrent un parcours symbologique thématique. Ainsi, l'héroïne de La Traviata est confrontée au temps qui fuit, rendu évident par la frénésie musicale du rythme. Au carpe diem impatient s'oppose alors l'émergence de l'amour inévitablement lié à la linéarité du temps de la destinée. Les feux de la passion se distinguent d'une image aérienne de Violetta, qui glisse d'une joie à l'autre en développant un rapport à plusieurs éléments. De manière similaire, une reconstruction analytique de Un ballo in maschera prouve que les personnages demeurent impuissants et superflus face à l'inflexible destin. Le temps accélère ensuite de façon soudainedans Rigoletto au sein d'une image aquatique. Dans cette œuvre, un chronotope de la crise d'empreinte bakhtinien entre en jeu, provoquant un renversement de la direction temporelle et une précipitation du temps imagée dans le rythme hippique du galop. Le temps cristallisé dans Don Carlos dérive pour sa part de l'expérience amoureuse des protagonistes qui se réfugient dans un temps réitérable par le biais du souvenir tandis qu'un autre souvenir igné annonce un retour du temps destructeur dans Il Trovatore. Mais un deuxième régime temporel linéaire où le feu est dévorant prend également forme dans cette œuvre sombre, débouchant sur un mouvement aérien qui est une fuite à la condition terrestre révolue des personnages amoureux. Enfin, les symboles d'un temps dévastateur porteur de mort, dégagés par les ténèbres, sont observables dans Macbeth et Otello, sous-tendus par un même substrat shakespearien. Lemoment de la chute ultime du héros est venu. Comme si l'insoluble tragédie de la source shakespearienne rencontrait par ce biais le pessimisme et le doute artistique d'un Verdi arrivé désormais à maturitéOur work focuses on the symbolic representation of the four elements (earth, water, air, fire) startingfrom Bachelard’s “material imagination” and leading us to reflect upon the dramatic and literary dynamics(from Hugo and Shakespeare especially) upstream of Verdi’s operas in order to analyze them from a bothliterary and musical point of view. From the mythography of the four elements different figurations oftime emerge from the Verdian libretti and allow a symbologic thematic reading.Thus, the Traviata’s heroin is confronted with tempus fugit epitomized by the frenetic musicalrhythm. The impatient carpe diem then contrasts with the advent of love inevitably linked to time’s fatefullinearity. Fires of passion distinguish themselves from the ethereal image of Violetta gliding from one joyto the other playing on a palette of several elements. Similarly, an analytical reconstruction of theBallo in mascherawill prove that the characters are powerless and superfluous in front of inflexible fate. Timethen suddenly speeds up in Rigolettoin the midst of water imagery.In this work, Bakhtin’s “chronotope ofcrisis” comes into play, causing a reversal of the temporal direction and a precipitation of the passing oftime embodied in the horse’ gallop-like concluding rhythm. The crystallized time inDon Carlosoriginatesfrom the lovers’ experience, who find refuge in the repeatable time of memory whereas another memory,infused with fire symbols heralds a return of the devastating time ofIl Trovatore. But a second temporalsystem, linear, where fire is devouring, takes shape in this darker work, leading eventually to an etherealmovement of the lovers’ escape from their already-gone terrestrial condition. Finally, the devastating timebrings forth death inMacbethandOtello, which share an underlying Shakespearean substrate. Thencomes the final fall of the hero. As if the insoluble tragedy of the Shakespearean source met the intimatepessimism and artistic doubts of the mature Giuseppe Verdi
Il nostro lavoro, che s'incentra sulla rappresentazione simbolica dei quattro elementi (terra, acqua, aria,fuoco), parte dall' «immaginazione materiale» di Bachelard in vista di stabilire una riflessione bilanciataintorno a dinamiche drammaturgiche e letterarie (in particolare Hugo e Shakespeare) a monte delle operein musica di Verdi per giungere all'analisi di queste da un punto di vista letterario e musicale. Partendodalla mitografia dei quattro elementi, diverse figure del tempo emergono dai libretti verdiani, svelando unpercorso simbolico tematico. Premesso ciò, l'eroina dellaTraviataè condannata da un tempo che fugge,reso evidente dalla frenesia musicale del ritmo. Alcarpe diemimpaziente si oppone allora l'emergeredell'amore inevitabilmente legato alla linearità del tempo e del destino. I fuochi della passione sicontraddistinguono dall'immagine aerea di Violetta, che scivola da una gioia all'altra sviluppando unrapporto con più elementi. Una ricostruzione analitica delBallo in mascheraprova che i personaggi sonodi fatto impotenti e superflui di fronte all'inflessibile destino. Il tempo accelera poi in modo repentino inRigolettoin seno ad un'immagine acquatica. In questa opera, un cronotopo della crisi d'improntabakhtiniana entra in gioco, provocando un ribaltamento della direzione temporale e una precipitazione deltempo resa nota dal ritmo ippico del galoppo. Il tempo cristallizzato diDon Carlosderiva, dal canto suo,dall'esperienza amorosa dei protagonisti che si rifugiano in un tempo reiterabile per via del ricordo mentreun altro ricordo igneo annuncia un ritorno del tempo distruttore nelTrovatore. Ma un secondo regimetemporale lineare dove il fuoco è insaziabile prende ugualmente vita in questa opera cupa, sfociando in unmovimento aereo che rappresenta una fuga dalla condizione terrestre dei personaggi innamorati. Infine, isimboli di un tempo devastatore messaggero della morte, liberati dalla tenebre, sono riscontrabili inMacbeth e Otello, supportati da uno stesso sostrato shakespeariano. È allora giunto il momento dellacaduta finale dell'eroe. Come se l'insolubile tragedia shakespeariana incontrasse il pessimismo e i dubbiartistici di un Giuseppe Verdi giunto ormai a maturità
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Wanvik, Per Ole. "Road Lighting and Traffic Safety : Do we need Road Lighting?" Doctoral thesis, Norges teknisk-naturvitenskapelige universitet, Institutt for bygg, anlegg og transport, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:no:ntnu:diva-5396.
Full textAbstract:
Road lighting is widely recognised as an efficient traffic safety measure. However, we know too little about the effect of road lighting on accidents in a given situation and we do not know what kind of lighting that is optimal for the situation. Society today has a demand for energy savings, locally and globally, and we should not use more energy for road lighting than is necessary. In the field of road lighting the demand for energy savings is accompanied by a fast development of techniques and equipment that give great opportunities for energy savings. The opportunity already exists to adapt the lighting to the actual road, traffic and weather situation. It is a problem, however, that we do not know what lighting quantity and quality which gives the best benefit – cost ratio. The objective of this thesis is to contribute to more knowledge about the relationship between road lighting and traffic safety and thus make a basis for benefit – cost calculations (including environmental costs). The thesis is based on four studies about the safety effect of road lighting, reported in four papers. The first is a literature study, the second is a Norwegian before-and-after study, the third is a cross-section study of Dutch accidents and the fourth is a study of Dutch motorway accidents. The thesis also contains three appendices presenting some more details from the studies than were shown in the papers. The content of the four papers are presented and discussed as a whole in a (fairly comprehensive) introductory part consisting of 10 chapters, where conclusions about the safety effect are discussed and summarised. The thesis in addition discusses the benefit – cost ratio of road lighting, but it is not treated in any of the papers. It has been useful to discuss this matter in advance of the discussion of the future role of road lighting. In the literature study (Paper I), the mean effect of road lighting on injury accidents during darkness was found to be -30 %. The mean effect on fatal accidents was -60 %. The mean effect on pedestrian injury accidents was -45 %, and on motorways the mean effect on injury accidents was -50 %. In the Norwegian before-and-after study (Paper II), the estimated effect of road lighting on injury accidents during darkness was -28 %. The estimated effect was larger at high speed limits than at low speed limits. The estimated effect was smaller on roads with AADT (average daily traffic volume) > 8000 vehicles than on roads with AADT < 8000 vehicles. In the cross-section study of accidents on all Dutch roads (Paper III), the mean effect of road lighting on injury accidents during darkness was found to be -50 %, while it was -54 % when only rural roads were considered. The effect on pedestrian, bicycle and moped accidents was larger than the effect on automobile and motorcycle accidents, and the differences were statistically significant. There was no significant difference between the safety effects for different accident types (Rear end collisions, Frontal collisions etc.) and no significant difference between the driver age groups 60 – 74 years and 30 – 39 years. The effect on fatal accidents was found to be slightly larger than the effect on injury accidents. The mean effect on twilight accidents was 2/3 of the effect during darkness. In the study of motorway accidents (Paper IV), the effect on injury accidents during darkness was found to be -49 % on Dutch motorways, while the effect seemed to be much smaller on British and Swedish motorways. On Dutch rural roads and Dutch motorways, the estimated effect of road lighting on accidents during darkness was smaller during adverse weather and road surface conditions than in fine weather and dry surface conditions. The differences were statistically significant. In fog, there was found no effect of road lighting during darkness. However, there were indications on a daylight safety effect during fog, possibly due to guidance from light poles. The results from the studies described in this thesis give a basis for increasing the application of road lighting as a traffic safety measure worldwide. Cost – benefit calculations indicate that road lighting is one of the most efficient road safety measures available. However, the energy consumption related to road lighting is a problem that must be considered. The great challenge is to reduce the energy consumption as much as possible without reducing the safety benefit too much. Future road lighting will probably be of the adaptive type, and it will be essential to know how the safety effect varies according to traffic and weather conditions and how it varies with the road lighting level and the quality of the lighting. The thesis answers some question about the safety effect during different weather conditions. There is, however, too little information about safety effect related to varying road and traffic conditions. A more serious lack of knowledge is that we do not know how the safety effect varies according to the lighting level. It is not possible to balance the energy consumption and the safety effect as long as this relationship is not known.
22
Amoatey, Charles Teye. "User financed road infrastructure in Ghana opportunities for road concessioning /." [S.l. : s.n.], 2007. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:93-opus-30660.
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De, la Gardie Fredrik. "Road unevenness relation to road safety - a vehicle dynamics study." Thesis, KTH, Fordonsdynamik, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-226531.
Full textAbstract:
The purpose of this Master thesis in Vehicle Engineering, is to study the road unevenness relation to road safety. The long term objective is to be able to prioritize which road section that is in the need of repair and maintenance prior to other road sections. This study focus on how close to an acceptable safety limit the vehicle is handled when it is run over different road surfaces. This applies to straight road sections as well as cornering, where the road surface is uneven and bumps/pits occurs. No driver behaviour or random actions are analysed but these aspects will be included in the overall discussion. The method to analyse this is through computer simulation. From a Volvo S40 a computerised vehicle model has been developed in Matlab and the effect of different road unevenness has been implemented and analysed. Forces that are generated by the unevenness of the road are compared with the normal forces that a driver needs to correct the course based on the friction between tire and road surface. On this basis, a margin to the risk of losing the grip can be estimated. In this way it can be interpreted how a road section contributes more or less, compared to another section, to whether the vehicle is closer to a safe limit from a vehicle dynamic perspective. The vehicle model has been analysed at a speed of 70 km/h with the simplification that the irregularities can be described by sinusoidal shapes. For larger bumps or dips in the road the results show that both front and rear tires can absorb side forces so that stability can be achieved. If the grip would deteriorate due to gravel, ice, etc. there is a risk that the vehicle loses steering control and/or cord leading to damage of the tyre and consequently an accident will occur. For the analysed road unevenness in the form of bumps and pits the tires do not have any ability to absorb required side forces during an avoidance manoeuvre when travelling over the road due to the tyre model used. It is therefore important that a section with varying unevenness are analysed to determine a maximum speed so that the control of the vehicle during the whole distance can be maintained regardless of whether control needs to be done in connection with the unevenness. A recommendation of future work in this area is to develop this model to make it more robust and to update the input data with relevant data for one today representative car and to carry out a more detailed full-scale modelling with also lateral simulations. If the model was verified with measured normal forces for a test car that has travelled over various bumps and pits, this would also be valuable to confirm the validity of the model. There would also be improvements if available road profile is implemented in the analysis so that realistic examples can be analysed for better real-world analysis.Arbetet avser att, ur ett fordonsdynamiskt perspektiv, studera vägojämnhetens påverkan på trafiksäkerheten. Det långsiktiga målet med arbetet är att kunna prioritera vilka vägavsnitt som behöver repareras före andra. Studien behandlar hur nära en acceptabel säkerhetsgräns fordonet ligger rent fordonsdynamiskt när den färdas över vissa vägunderlag. Det gäller såväl på raksträckor som vid kurvtagning där vägytan har större ojämnheter (svackor) och gupp eller gropar. Metodiken som har använts är datasimulering. Utifrån en Volvo S40 har en fordonsmodell byggts upp i Matlab och inverkan av de olika typerna av vägojämnheter har sedan analyserats. Krafter som skapas från vägojämnheter jämförs sedan med de normalkrafter som en förare behöver för att korrigera kursen utifrån friktionen mellan däck och vägbana. Utifrån detta kan en manövermarginal uppskattas och på så sätt kan tolkning ske hur vida ett vägavsnitt bidrar mer eller mindre, jämfört med ett annat avsnitt, till att fordonet befinner sig närmare en trafiksäker gräns rent fordonsdynamiskt. Analysen har gjorts utifrån antagandet att fordonet har färdats med en hastighet på 70 km/h över de olika vägprofilerna. För större ojämnheter och svackor i vägbanan visar resultaten att både fram och bakdäck kan uppta de nödvändiga sidkrafterna för att stabilitet skall upprätthållas då goda vägförhållanden råder. Men skulle greppet försämras exempelvis av grus, halka etc. så föreligger risk att fordonet tappar styrförmåga och/eller får sladd. En begränsning i denna studie är att inga förarbeteenden eller slumpmässiga händelser kommer analyseras men däremot kommer dessa tas med i den övergripande diskussionen. Dessutom har ojämnheterna antagits vara beskrivna av sinus-funktioner och däcken har beskrivits av en modell som ej tar hänsyn till laterala egenskaper. För att kunna bestämma en maximal hastighet under vilken en kontroll över fordonet kan upprätthållas under hela sträckan oavsett manöver är det av vikt att ett vägavsnitt med varierande ojämnheter analyseras. För att vidareutveckla denna modell och göra den mer robust och aktuell rekommenderas att indata uppdateras med relevanta data för en idag representativ bil samt att modelleringen genomförs i full skala. Om modellen kan verifieras med uppmätta normalkrafter för en bil som har färdats över olika ojämnheter eller gupp vore det värdefullt. Att även implementera uppmätta vägprofiler så att realistiska exempel kan analyseras skulle dessutom ge ännu mer verklighetstrogna analyser.
24
Hernandez, Rosales Maribel. "The Orthology Road." Doctoral thesis, Universitätsbibliothek Leipzig, 2013. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:15-qucosa-127823.
Full textAbstract:
The evolution of biological species depends on changes in genes. Among these changes are the gradual accumulation of DNA mutations, insertions and deletions, duplication of genes, movements of genes within and between chromosomes, gene losses and gene transfer. As two populations of the same species evolve independently, they will eventually become reproductively isolated and become two distinct species. The evolutionary history of a set of related species through the repeated occurrence of this speciation process can be represented as a tree-like structure, called a phylogenetic tree or a species tree. Since duplicated genes in a single species also independently accumulate point mutations, insertions and deletions, they drift apart in composition in the same way as genes in two related species. The divergence of all the genes descended from a single gene in an ancestral species can also be represented as a tree, a gene tree that takes into account both speciation and duplication events.
In order to reconstruct the evolutionary history from the study of extant species, we use sets of similar genes, with relatively high degree of DNA similarity and usually with some functional resemblance, that appear to have been derived from a common ancestor. The degree of similarity among different instances of the “same gene” in different species can be used to explore their evolutionary history via the reconstruction of gene family histories, namely gene trees.
Orthology refers specifically to the relationship between two genes that arose by a speciation event, recent or remote, rather than duplication. Comparing orthologous genes is essential to the correct reconstruction of species trees, so that detecting and identifying orthologous genes is an important problem, and a longstanding challenge, in comparative and evolutionary genomics as well as phylogenetics.
A variety of orthology detection methods have been devised in recent years. Although many of these methods are dependent on generating gene and/or species trees, it has been shown that orthology can be estimated at acceptable levels of accuracy without having to infer gene trees and/or reconciling gene trees with species trees. Therefore, there is good reason to look at the connection of trees and orthology from a different angle: How much information about the gene tree, the species tree, and their reconciliation is already contained in the orthology relation among genes? Intriguingly, a solution to the first part of this question has already been given by Boecker and Dress [Boecker and Dress, 1998] in a different context. In particular, they completely characterized certain maps which they called symbolic ultrametrics. Semple and Steel [Semple and Steel, 2003] then presented an algorithm that can be used to reconstruct a phylogenetic tree from any given symbolic ultrametric. In this thesis we investigate a new characterization of orthology relations, based on symbolic ultramterics for recovering the gene tree.
According to Fitch’s definition [Fitch, 2000], two genes are (co-)orthologous if their last common ancestor in the gene tree represents a speciation event. On the other hand, when their last common ancestor is a duplication event, the genes are paralogs. The orthology relation on a set of genes is therefore determined by the gene tree and an “event labeling” that identifies each interior vertex of that tree as either a duplication or a speciation event. In the context of analyzing orthology data, the problem of reconciling event-labeled gene trees with a species tree appears as a variant of the reconciliation problem where genes trees have no labels in their internal vertices. When reconciling a gene tree with a species tree, it can be assumed that the species tree is correct or, in the case of a unknown species tree, it can be inferred. Therefore it is crucial to know for a given gene tree whether there even exists a species tree. In this thesis we characterize event-labelled gene trees for which a species tree exists and species trees to which event-labelled gene trees can be mapped. Reconciliation methods are not always the best options for detecting orthology. A fundamental problem is that, aside from multicellular eukaryotes, evolution does not seem to have conformed to the descent-with-modification model that gives rise to tree-like phylogenies. Examples include many cases of prokaryotes and viruses whose evolution involved horizontal gene transfer. To treat the problem of distinguishing orthology and paralogy within a more general framework, graph-based methods have been proposed to detect and differentiate among evolutionary relationships of genes in those organisms. In this work we introduce a measure of orthology that can be used to test graph-based methods and reconciliation methods that detect orthology. Using these results a new algorithm BOTTOM-UP to determine whether a map from the set of vertices of a tree to a set of events is a symbolic ultrametric or not is devised. Additioanlly, a simulation environment designed to generate large gene families with complex duplication histories on which reconstruction algorithms can be tested and software tools can be benchmarked is presented.
25
Larsson, Martin. "Road Slope Estimation." Thesis, Linköping University, Automatic Control, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-53884.
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Knowledge about the current road slope can improve several applications in a heavy-duty vehicle such as predictive cruise control and automated gearbox control. In this thesis the possibility of estimating the road slope based on signals from a vehicles air suspension system has been studied. More specifically, the measurement consists of a pressure signal measuring the axle load, and a vertical distance sensor.
A variety of suspension systems can be mounted on a Scania truck. During this thesis, two discrete-time models based on two different rear axle air suspension systems have been proposed. The models use the effect of alternating axle load during a change in the road slope and the estimates are computed using an extended Kalman filter.
The first model is based on a rear axle suspension known as the 2-bellow system. This type of suspension is strongly affected by the driveshaft torque, which results in a behaviour where the rear end is pushed upwards and thus decreasing the rear axle load during uphill driving. A model was developed in order to compensate for this behaviour. Unfortunately, the estimates showed less promising results and all attempts to determine the error was unsuccessful.
The latter model is based on the 4-bellow system. This suspension system is not affected by the driveshaft torque and a less complex model could be derived. The experimental results indicated that road slope estimation was possible and with a fairly accurate result. However, more work is needed since the estimate is affected by road surface irregularities and since the algorithm requires knowledge about the vehicles mass and the location of the centre of gravity.
All the presented results have been estimated based on real data from a test track at Scania Technical Centre in Södertälje.
26
Fabian, Bobbi, and bobbi@bobbifabian com. "Road trip home." RMIT University. Creative Media, 2007. http://adt.lib.rmit.edu.au/adt/public/adt-VIT20080110.092848.
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The more we search outside of ourselves for answers, the less likely we are to be satisfied. Often, however, the external journey brings us closer to who we are as we experience the peaks and troughs of human existence. Ultimately, it is happiness that we seek. The idea and pursuit of happiness is a universal theme and I believe this search for happiness is also a search for home. Whether it is a physical or spiritual place, many of us search for that centre but the answer lies in the journey, not the destination. Using the road trip as the vehicle for this search, I set out across the USA to connect with others who were on the same journey. I photographed people (who had moved from their birthplace for reasons such as love and better opportunities), and landscapes that evoke both home and the journey. The road trip can be an escape from home but also a search for it and so the resulting project became two distinct sections that weave and overlap.
27
Li, Daqing. "Road sign recognition." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp01/MQ39486.pdf.
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Mansfield, Gwen. "Experiment Station Road." ScholarWorks@UNO, 2006. http://scholarworks.uno.edu/td/358.
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Experiment Station Road is an original work of fiction serving as a collection of short stories set in Hayford, Oregon and Las Vegas in 1962-1972. Each story presents the point of view of a resident in Hayford. The stories are written to function independently, but when read as a collection present insight to cultural diversity, intricate relationships and the ignorance of prejudice.
29
Bombardier, Cooper Lee. "The Fevered Road." PDXScholar, 2014. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/2018.
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"The Fevered Road" is a memoir about coming to know oneself through what is lost and finding the liberation available in moments of absolute failure. The thesis explores the themes of failure, loss, identity, and rites of passage through the lens of the early 1990s, AIDS, murder, family, queerness, travel, and punk rock. The research is based primarily on journals, letters, correspondence with local historians, newspaper reports, internet sources, Massachusetts Department of Correction documents, and the author's personal recollection of events. The narrative is centered around the experience of two deaths in the author's early twenties, and is presented in a hybrid bookended/braided structure of the present and the chronological backstory.
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McCray, Brigitte N. "Road Going Home." VCU Scholars Compass, 2005. http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd_retro/50.
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Road Going Home follows the life of four women of the same family: grandmother, granddaughter, her mother, and her aunt. Mother Karen leaves home at sixteen because she's pregnant, afraid of disappointing parents Ruth and Nelson. Her sister Lacy is just a child when she leaves. Karen has always wanted to leave home because her small town feels suffocating. At the opening of the novel, Karen has moved into a commune in central Virginia. Her father kidnaps granddaughter Dylan in hopes of bringing his family back together. However, the result is the family growing more apart from one another. Thematically, the novel seeks to answer what happens to families when they run away from one another. How do we come back together again? And how do we rebuild those close ties that we once lost?
31
Condra, Bryan. "The Open Road." VCU Scholars Compass, 2008. http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/1632.
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In our journeys on the open road, we travel through a landscape of visual imagery composed of patterns, rhythms and a spectrum of changing colors. Our previous experiences, mental and physical attitudes and expectations, shape our perceptions. By visually interpreting and presenting my experiences of the journey on the open road I hoped to tell a story of how the open road energizes the creative spirit. My goal was to explore how the landscape is altered by motion and speed as we pass through it, and how the journey can be experienced in various ways. I wanted to investigate and interpret how we shift the boundaries of our perceptions.
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Singh, Anirood. "Road to redemption." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1013035.
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Lurching from day-today in the months before South Africa becomes a republic, booze-befuddled Indian private investigator Rohit Biswas does not ponder how he can secure his daughter's future after he became a widower and lost his job as police detective when he killed a man who fatally stabbed his wife. Salvation appears when a rich client hires the PI to find evidence proving his son did not rape and murder a white socialite. Fighting against seeming impossible odds in colonial-apartheid Durban and a sanctions-busting conspiracy, Biswas secures his client's acquittal. In the process he defies karma and redeems himself.
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Dingle, Brian Clinton. "The barefoot road." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1017773.
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My novella is set in South Africa in a post-apocalyptic world. The drone technology theorised for the near future is widespread and scattered survivors live under the constant threat of drone strikes. The protagonist tries to negotiate these dangers and the looming threat of a slave empire to reconnect with his friends and family. He encounters bizarre hallucinations and flashbacks as a result of exposure to an unidentified gas.
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Kim, Eunbee, and Eunbee Kim. "Road To Democratization." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/626336.
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Why do some (non)violent civil resistances in nondemocracies achieve democracy while others do not? In order to answer this question, this project examined factors that result in different outcomes and the mechanisms critical to democratization. In particular, I paid close attention to whether autocracies failing after successful (non)violent civil resistance adopted transitional justice (TJ) mechanisms such as trials, truth commissions, and amnesty, and how civil society worked in each course of democratization.
I explored the conditions of democratic consolidation (e.g., economic development, democratic neighbors, and political institution) and among them, focused on the civil culture that led citizens to participate positively and actively in politics with belief and trust. I found that in the course of democratization, implementing TJ policies is necessary in order to build inter-group trust and encourage citizens to participate critically in political reform. Because TJ mechanisms are designed to make past wrongdoers accountable and reconcile conflicting sides, these approaches can strengthen civic culture and promote reconciliation by restoring the rule of law and rebuilding victims’ dignity.
In addition, I argued that a robust civil society (CS) plays a vital role in sustaining democracy, not only by encouraging TJ adoption, but also by playing roles such as supporter, mobilizer, enforcer, monitor, and so on. In this context, I suggested that (non)violent civil resistance can contribute to building a robust CS. Particularly, nonviolent and large resistance with diverse participants can increase the capacity, legitimacy, and representativeness of a CS so that it can play its role(s) properly.
Statistical analysis with large-n data supported these arguments. Despite the controversy in the literature, adoption of TJ policies turned out to be a positively significant factor for achieving democratic consolidation; and, the robustness of CS, which can be developed through (non)violent civil resistance, was significant as well, particularly at the early phase of the democratization process. The application to the 2011 Arab Uprising cases (Tunisia and Egypt) that focused on TJ adoption and the role of CS revealed consistent conclusions as well.
Although there are several limitations to this study, I attempted to reveal the importance of the linkages among steps to democratization and increase understanding of the “process” rather than simply the “cause” or “result.” In addition, the findings can be implemented in policies for proliferating democracy by supporting/encouraging democratization from the ground up (i.e., below), CS growth, and TJ adoption after transition.
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Filimonova, Alexandra. "Theatricality And The Chronotope In The Magus By J. Fowles And England, England By J. Barnes." Master's thesis, METU, 2009. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/3/12611248/index.pdf.
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The thesis reveals the main principles of the theatrical chronotope and examines the ways in which it is embodied in the novels of two postmodern authors &ndashThe Magus by John Fowles and England, England by Julian Barnes. These are analyzed as presenting two different variants of texts that employ the theatrical chronotope to exploit its different possible semantic implications. The thesis argues that in The Magus theatricality is employed to convey the author&rsquo
s philosophical and aesthetical thoughts. The main qualities of the theatrical universe, actualized in the novel, are its epistemological potential determining the protagonist&rsquo
s quest in the &ldquo
heuristic mill&rdquo
of the metatheatre, and the multileveled structure of theatrical reality, combining different degrees of conventionality, which serves to posit the question of the relationships of aesthetical and actual reality. In England, England, theatricality is used to investigate the nature of modern society presented as a kind of totalitazing spectacle. Accordingly, the theatrical chronotope is used to construct a simulative reality, manifesting that of the modern society in replacing the actual reality and experience of living with the illusory pseudo-experience of consuming the images of reality and living, in its role-imposing and transforming abilities manipulating both personal and national identity.
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Ziems, Marcel [Verfasser]. "Automatic verification of road databases using multiple road models / Marcel Ziems." Hannover : Technische Informationsbibliothek und Universitätsbibliothek Hannover (TIB), 2015. http://d-nb.info/106921051X/34.
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Wright, Andy. "Off the Road: Exploring Postcolonial Themes in the American Road Movie." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2016. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/pitzer_theses/67.
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This essay explores the colonial nature of the American road movie, specifically through the lens of how road movies treat the South according to Stuart Hall’s concepts of identity and Edward Said’s on Othering and the colonial gaze. To accomplish this, the essay analyzes the classic 1969 road movie, “Easy Rider”, and the more contemporary parody from 2008, “Harold and Kumar Escape from Guantanamo Bay.” The thrust of this paper becomes: if a progressive parody of road movies cannot escape the trappings of colonialism “Easy Rider” displays, perhaps the road movie itself is flawed.
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Zheng, Yunan. "The impact of localized road accident information on road safety awareness." Thesis, Connect to e-thesis, 2007. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/721/.
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Thesis (Ph.D.) - University of Glasgow, 2007.Ph.D. thesis submitted the Faculty of Information and Mathematical Sciences, Department of Computing Science. Includes bibliographical references. Print version also available.
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Alekseeva, Natalia Mihajlovna, and Natalia Alekseeva. "Developing an autosteering of road motor vehicles in slippery road conditions." Thesis, https://doors.doshisha.ac.jp/opac/opac_link/bibid/BB13155942/?lang=0, 2020. https://doors.doshisha.ac.jp/opac/opac_link/bibid/BB13155942/?lang=0.
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In the nearest future, the human driver is viewed as a reliable backup even for the fully automated road motor vehicles (cars). Indeed, the driver is assumed to swiftly take the control of the car in cases of suddenly occurring (i) challenging environmental conditions, (ii) complex unforeseen driving situations, or (iii) degradation of performance of the car. However, due to the cognitive overload in such a sudden, stressful takeover of the control, the driver would often experience the startle effect, which usually results in an unconscious, instinctive, yet incorrect response. An extreme case of startle is freezing, in which the driver might be incapable to respond to the sudden takeover of control at all. The possible approaches to alleviate the startle during the takeover of control (i.e., the automation startle) include an offset- (i.e., either early- or delayed-), gradual yielding the controls to the driver. In the cases considered above, however, these approaches are hardly applicable because of (i) the presumed unpredictability of the events that result in the need of takeover of control, and (ii) the severe time constraints of the latter. Conversely, the objective of our research is to propose an approach of minimizing the need of yielding the control to the driver in challenging environmental conditions by guaranteeing an adequate automated control in these conditions. Focusing on slippery roads as an instance of challenging conditions, and steering control as an instance of control, we aim at developing such an automated steering that controls the car adequately in various road surfaces featuring low friction coefficients without the need of driver’s intervention.In order to develop such an automated steering we employed an in-house evolutionary computation framework – XML-based genetic programming (XGP) – which offers a flexible, portable, and human readable representation of the evolved optimal steering functions. The trial runs of the evolved steering functions were performed in the Open Source Racing Car Simulator (TORCS), which features a realistic, yet computationally efficient simulation of the car and its environment. The obtained experimental results indicate that due to the challenging dynamics of the unstable car on slippery roads, neither the canonical (tuned) servo-control (as a variant of PD) nor the (tuned) PID-controller could control the car adequately on slippery roads. On the other hand, the controller, featuring a relaxed, arbitrary structure evolved by XGP outperforms both the servo- and PID controllers in that it results in a minimal deviation of the car from its intended trajectory in rainy, snowy, and icy road conditions. Moreover, the evolved steering that employs anticipated perceptions is even superior as it could anticipate the imminent understeering of the car at the entry of the turns and consequently – to compensate for such an understeering by proactively turning the steering wheels in advance – well before entering the turn. The obtained results suggest a human competitiveness of the evolved automated steering as it outperforms the commonly used alternative steering controllers proposed by human experts. The research could be viewed as a step towards the evolutionary development of automated steering of cars in challenging environmental conditions.博士(工学)
Doctor of Philosophy in Engineering
同志社大学
Doshisha University
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Laubis, Kevin [Verfasser], and C. [Akademischer Betreuer] Weinhardt. "Crowd-Based Road Surface Monitoring and its Implications on Road Users and Road Authorities / Kevin Laubis ; Betreuer: C. Weinhardt." Karlsruhe : KIT-Bibliothek, 2019. http://d-nb.info/1176022334/34.
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McAllister, Brian J. ""To know where I have got to" : the postmodern chronotope in Beckett's Malone Dies and Coetzee's Foe." [Tampa, Fla.] : University of South Florida, 2008. http://purl.fcla.edu/usf/dc/et/SFE0002336.
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Dravet-Barbusse, Catherine. "La maison de campagne et autres habitats périphériques : espaces, temps et chronotope dans le roman espagnol contemporain." Aix-Marseille 1, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004AIX10033.
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L'analyse des représentations d'habitats (qui sont considérés comme périphériques d'un point de vue spatial ou symbolique) dans six romans espagnols contemporains se divise en trois temps : une approche descriptive, où nous repérons les caractéristiques de ces demeures ; une deuxième partie axée sur l'interprétation de la notion de périphérie symbolique, sur l'analyse de notions et images récurrentes et sur l'étude des procédés stylistiques ; enfin, un examen des temporalités de l'espace ; où l'observation des rapports entre espace et histoire précède l'analyse des temporalisations de l'espace d'un point de vue "chronotopique", selon la théorie de Bakhtine. Cette analyse met en évidence la conception d'un temps instable, en rupture, un sentiment qui, de même que la dé-centralité du sujet, inscrite dans la nature périphérique des habitats, rappelle la problématique philosophque de la postmodernité et manifeste sa présence dans l'écriture romanesque de la fin du siècle.
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Karim, Hawzheen. "Road Design for Future Maintenance : Life-cycle Cost Analyses for Road Barriers." Doctoral thesis, Högskolan Dalarna, Vägteknik, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:du-5474.
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The cost of a road construction over its service life is a function of design, quality of construction as well as maintenance strategies and operations. An optimal life-cycle cost for a road requires evaluations of the above mentioned components. Unfortunately, road designers often neglect a very important aspect, namely, the possibility to perform future maintenance activities. Focus is mainly directed towards other aspects such as investment costs, traffic safety, aesthetic appearance, regional development and environmental effects. This doctoral thesis presents the results of a research project aimed to increase consideration of road maintenance aspects in the planning and design process. The following subgoals were established: Identify the obstacles that prevent adequate consideration of future maintenance during the road planning and design process; and Examine optimisation of life-cycle costs as an approach towards increased efficiency during the road planning and design process. The research project started with a literature review aimed at evaluating the extent to which maintenance aspects are considered during road planning and design as an improvement potential for maintenance efficiency. Efforts made by road authorities to increase efficiency, especially maintenance efficiency, were evaluated. The results indicated that all the evaluated efforts had one thing in common, namely ignorance of the interrelationship between geometrical road design and maintenance as an effective tool to increase maintenance efficiency. Focus has mainly been on improving operating practises and maintenance procedures. This fact might also explain why some efforts to increase maintenance efficiency have been less successful. An investigation was conducted to identify the problems and difficulties, which obstruct due consideration of maintainability during the road planning and design process. A method called “Change Analysis” was used to analyse data collected during interviews with experts in road design and maintenance. The study indicated a complex combination of problems which result in inadequate consideration of maintenance aspects when planning and designing roads. The identified problems were classified into six categories: insufficient consulting, insufficient knowledge, regulations and specifications without consideration of maintenance aspects, insufficient planning and design activities, inadequate organisation and demands from other authorities. Several urgent needs for changes to eliminate these problems were identified. One of the problems identified in the above mentioned study as an obstacle for due consideration of maintenance aspects during road design was the absence of a model for calculating life-cycle costs for roads. Because of this lack of knowledge, the research project focused on implementing a new approach for calculating and analysing life-cycle costs for roads with emphasis on the relationship between road design and road maintainability. Road barriers were chosen as an example. The ambition is to develop this approach to cover other road components at a later stage. A study was conducted to quantify repair rates for barriers and associated repair costs as one of the major maintenance costs for road barriers. A method called “Case Study Research Method” was used to analyse the effect of several factors on barrier repairs costs, such as barrier type, road type, posted speed and seasonal effect. The analyses were based on documented data associated with 1625 repairs conducted in four different geographical regions in Sweden during 2006. A model for calculation of average repair costs per vehicle kilometres was created. Significant differences in the barrier repair costs were found between the studied barrier types. In another study, the injuries associated with road barrier collisions and the corresponding influencing factors were analysed. The analyses in this study were based on documented data from actual barrier collisions between 2005 and 2008 in Sweden. The result was used to calculate the cost for injuries associated with barrier collisions as a part of the socio-economic cost for road barriers. The results showed significant differences in the number of injuries associated with collisions with different barrier types. To calculate and analyse life-cycle costs for road barriers a new approach was developed based on a method called “Activity-based Life-cycle Costing”. By modelling uncertainties, the presented approach gives a possibility to identify and analyse factors crucial for optimising life-cycle costs. The study showed a great potential to increase road maintenance efficiency through road design. It also showed that road components with low investment costs might not be the best choice when including maintenance and socio-economic aspects. The difficulties and problems faced during the collection of data for calculating life-cycle costs for road barriers indicated a great need for improving current data collecting and archiving procedures. The research focused on Swedish road planning and design. However, the conclusions can be applied to other Nordic countries, where weather conditions and road design practices are similar. The general methodological approaches used in this research project may be applied also to other studies.
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Rennert, Mirella T. "Feasibility study of road substitution technique for accelerated laboratory road test simulation." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape3/PQDD_0031/MQ62273.pdf.
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Karim, Hawzheen. "Improved Road Design for Future Maintenance - Analysis of Road Barrier Repair Costs." Licentiate thesis, Stockholm : Division of Highway Engineering, Royal Institute of Technology, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-9260.
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Joshi, Yakshit, and Deepak Dinesh. "Standardizing Electric Road : Factors affecting the Business Model for Electric Road Systems." Thesis, Högskolan i Halmstad, Akademin för företagande, innovation och hållbarhet, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-43675.
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Banks, Karen S. "Together on the road /." Full text available online, 2009. http://www.lib.rowan.edu/find/theses.
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Drummond, Krista. "Polarimetric Road Ice Detection." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/347115.
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Ever since automobiles became affordable for the average American, with the introduction of the Ford Model T in 1908, making driving safer has been a priority. While driver intoxication and distraction are the leading causes of automotive fatalities, poor road conditions increase the frequency and deadliness of these incidents. Monitoring road conditions for thousands of miles of road is a huge undertaking, one too large for human surveillance. Automated systems capable of detecting and reacting to dangerous road conditions would be life-saving. These systems could be mounted to the sides of road and notify an operator of conditions in real-time. Drivers could be warned, action taken, and many lives saved. This thesis investigated the science behind polarimetric road ice detection systems. Laboratory Mueller matrix measurements of a simulated road under differing surface conditions were collected searching for a discriminatory polarization property. These Mueller matrices were decomposed into depolarization, diattenuation, and retardance. Individual sample surface polarization properties were then calculated from these three unique matrices and compared. Simulated road samples were measured under many wavelengths and angles, which gave us a larger data library from which to observe trends. Specular and off-specular reflection responses of each sample were also collected. Four polarization properties stood out for having high separation between dry and iced measurements: Depolarization Index, Linear Diattenuation, Linear Polarizance, and Linear Retardance. Through our investigation polarimetric ice detection is possible. Continued research of the polarization properties of road ice can result in the development of a road ice detection system. Proposed deployment methods of such a system have been outlined following the analysis of the data collected in this experiment. Not only is polarimetric ice detection an exciting and novel use of polarization, it has the potential to improve road safety through real-time ice response measures.
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梁順祥 and Shun-cheung Xylem Leung. "Wanchai Gap Road revitalization." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2001. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31980879.
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Bade, Julie Ann. "A narrow road between." Honors in the Major Thesis, University of Central Florida, 1992. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETH/id/86.
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This item is only available in print in the UCF Libraries. If this is your Honors Thesis, you can help us make it available online for use by researchers around the world by following the instructions on the distribution consent form at http://library.ucf.edu/Systems/DigitalInitiatives/DigitalCollections/InternetDistributionConsentAgreementForm.pdf You may also contact the project coordinator, Kerri Bottorff, at kerri.bottorff@ucf.edu for more information.Bachelors
Arts and Sciences
English