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Journal articles on the topic 'The circle approach method'
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Nastro, Vincenzo, and Urbano Tancredi. "Great Circle Navigation with Vectorial Methods." Journal of Navigation 63, no. 3 (2010): 557–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0373463310000044.
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The present paper is concerned with the solution of a series of practical problems relevant to great circle navigation, including the determination of the true course at any point on the great circle route and the determination of the lateral deviation from a desired great circle route. Intersection between two great circles or between a great circle and a parallel is also analyzed. These problems are approached by means of vector analysis, which yields solutions in a very compact form that can be computed numerically in a very straightforward manner. This approach is thus particularly appealing for performing computer-aided great circle navigation.
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Chen, Chih-Li, Pin-Fang Liu, and Wei-Ting Gong. "A Simple Approach to Great Circle Sailing: The COFI Method." Journal of Navigation 67, no. 3 (2013): 403–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0373463313000751.
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An approach formulated by vector algebra is proposed to deal with great circle sailing problems. Using the technique of the fixed coordinates system and relative longitude concept, derivations of formulae for this approach are simpler than those of the conventional methods. Due to fixing the initial great circle course, the great circle track (GCT) is determined. Since the course is fixed (known as “COFI” in this paper), the proposed approach, which we have named the “COFI method”, can directly calculate the waypoints along the GCT. It is considered that the COFI method is a more understandable and straightforward method to solve waypoint problems than older approaches in the literature. Based on the COFI method, a program has been developed for the navigator. In addition, the spherical triangle method with respect to the equator crossing point (STM-E) is developed by supplemental theorem. Several examples are demonstrated to validate the proposed COFI method and STM-E.
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Hwang, Suk-Seung, and Sajina Pradhan. "Comparison Approach of Intersection Distances for Advanced TOA Trilateration." International Journal of Humanoid Robotics 14, no. 03 (2017): 1750019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219843617500190.
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The time of arrival trilateration method is one of the representative algorithms for the location detection technology, which estimates the location of mobile station (MS) at a unique intersection point of three circles with radiuses corresponding to distances between MS and base stations (BSs) and centers corresponding to coordinates of BSs. However, there may be serious estimation errors, when they do not meet at a point because the estimated radiuses of them are increased. The solutions for reducing the estimation position error in the main case of meeting three circles with the extended radius have been recently provided as the shortest distance algorithm and the line intersection algorithm. In general, they have good performance for the location estimation, but they may have serious errors in some cases. In this paper, we propose the efficient location estimation algorithm for the specific case of two large circles and one relatively small circle, which is located in the area of two large circles. In this case, there are six intersections in total based on the three extended circles and a small circle has four intersections with two large circles. The proposed approach compares four distances based on four neighboring intersections and selects the shortest one. Finally, it determines the averaged coordinate of two intersections corresponding to the shortest distance, as the location of MS. The location-estimating performance of the proposed algorithm is illustrated by the computer simulation example.
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Annisa, Rifka Nida, and Rosalin Ismayoeng Gusdian. "World Englishes Representation in English Textbooks of Indonesian Elementary Schools." English Learning Innovation 4, no. 2 (2023): 97–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.22219/englie.v4i2.25646.
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This study aimed at investigating the representation of World Englishes (WE) in English textbooks used in elementary schools in Indonesia. Two English books for a sixth-graders were used as the data sources. This study used qualitative approach and document analysis as the method to gather the data. The collected data were then analyzed based on Braj Kachru's theory of World Englishes comprising inner, outer, and expanding circles. The analyzed data were eventually validated by the experts in the field of applied linguistics. The findings show that the inner circle and expanding circle representations are found in these two books. The representation of both circles was reflected from pictures and reading texts. Meanwhile, the outer circle did not acquire ample depiction in both books. In conclusion, the effort of introducing WE to elementary school students has been presented in the text books that were dominated by expanding circles based on the research in this study case.
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Adamy, Edlamar Kátia, Denise Antunes de Azambuja Zocche, Carine Vendruscolo, José Luis Guedes dos Santos, and Miriam de Abreu Almeida. "Validation in grounded theory: conversation circles as a methodological strategy." Revista Brasileira de Enfermagem 71, no. 6 (2018): 3121–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0034-7167-2017-0488.
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ABSTRACT Objective: To present the validation of a theoretical model through conversation circles in a qualitative research guided by the Grounded Theory. Method: Study carried out from a thesis developed in a reference hospital in the south region of Brazil. Two conversation circles happened, with participation of representatives of the “Training Prism”, in the months of October and November, 2016. Results: The conversation circle enabled an in depth dialogic approach of the subject of research, broadening the vision on the phenomenon and on the research. The circle also mobilized thinking as it highlighted the subjectivity of individuals, expanding the group’s ability of understanding and assisting in the validation process of a theoretical model. Conclusion: The conversation circle emerges as a powerful strategy for the development of qualitative research in nursing, more specifically in the validation step of the Grounded Theory.
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Feeney, Thomas. "Cartesian Circles and the Analytic Method." International Philosophical Quarterly 60, no. 4 (2020): 393–409. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/ipq20201120157.
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The apparently circular arguments in Descartes’s Meditations should be read as analytic arguments, as Descartes himself suggested. This both explains and excuses the appearance of circularity. Analysis “digs out” what is already present in the meditator’s mind but not yet “expressly known” (Letter to Voetius). Once this is achieved, the meditator may take the result of analysis as an epistemic starting point independent of the original argument. That is, analytic arguments may be reversed to yield demonstrative proofs that follow an already worked-out order of ideas. The “Cartesian Circle,” for example, is circular only when Descartes’s original analytic argument is mistaken for the demonstration that it enables. This approach to Cartesian Circles is unlike the standard approach, which attempts to show that Descartes’s original arguments do work as demonstrations after all.
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Phiri, Alifasi, Jason Mwanza, and Julius Gathogo. "Mathematics Education & Some Methodological Considerations." Jumuga Journal of Education, Oral Studies, and Human Sciences 8, no. 1 (2025): 1–14. https://doi.org/10.35544/jjeoshs.v8i118.
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The research article seeks to determine the casual difference in performance in Circle Theorems when in concert with Concrete-Representational-Abstract (CRA) Instructional Approach. As a conventional method of instruction on Grade 11 pupils, the latter is compared with the traditional method of instruction in Mathematics education. In turn, Circle Theorems (CT) are viewed as properties that display relationships between angles within the geometry of a circle; and includes: Chord circle theorem, Tangent circle theorem, Cyclic quadrilateral circle theorem, Angle in a semi-circle theorem, Alternate segment circle theorem, Angle at the centre circle theorem and Angles in the segment circle theorem. The latter is not the main concern of this treatise. It conceptualises education as the process which does an all-round harmonious development of the individual to modify behaviour, attitude and thinking – all in its endeavour to investigate the effect of using Concrete– Representation–Abstract (CRA) Instructional Approach on Grade 11 pupils’ performance in circle theorems in the Katete District, Eastern province, Zambia. It its methodology and design, it utilises descriptive statistics design; as the researchers used the difference-in-differences methods to assess the impact of the interventions on pupil performance. Overall, it establishes that there was a significant difference in scores between the pupils who were taught circle geometry using Concrete–Representational–Abstract (CRA) Instructional Approach and the pupils who were taught the same topic using the traditional approach for both post-test and delayed post-test (for post- test: Value= 65.667; sig= .004 < 0.05, for delayed post- test: Value = 78.333, sig= .000<0.05) according to means.
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Nicoli, Federico, Alessandra Agnese Grossi, Jacopo Testa, and Mario Picozzi. "The Circle Method: A Novel Approach to Clinical Ethics Consultation." Journal of Clinical Ethics 34, no. 1 (2023): 79–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/723428.
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Silvester, John R. "Reflected circles, and congruent perspective triangles." Mathematical Gazette 93, no. 526 (2009): 10–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0025557200184141.
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For any three points X, Y, Z, let ⊙XYZ denote the circle through X, Y, Z (the circumcircle of ∆XYZ) or, if X, Y, Z happen to be collinear, the line XYZ. (We shall often regard lines as special circles, circles of infinite radius.) This paper is about the following theorem, and extensions of it:Theorem 1: Given ∆ABC and a point P, reflect ⊙PBC, ⊙APC, ⊙ABP in the lines BC, AC, AB respectively. Then the three reflected circles have a common point, Q (see Figure 1).I do not know if this theorem is new, but I have not come across it in the literature. The reader is invited to prove it by angle-chasing, using circle theorems: let two of the reflected circles meet at Q and then prove that this point lies on the third reflected circle. This method is rather diagram-dependent, and does not seem to lead to the extensions of Theorem 1 referred to above in any very obvious manner, so we shall adopt a different approach.
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Brown, Martha A., and Sherri Di Lallo. "Talking Circles: A Culturally Responsive Evaluation Practice." American Journal of Evaluation 41, no. 3 (2020): 367–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1098214019899164.
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Talking Circles are safe spaces where relationships are built, nurtured, reinforced, and sometimes healed; where norms and values are established; and where people connect intellectually, spiritually, and emotionally with other members of the Circle. The Circle can also be an evaluation method that increases voice, decreases invisibility, and does not privilege one worldview or version of reality over another. The purpose of this article is to describe how the Circle can be a culturally responsive evaluation practice for those evaluators wishing to build relationships, share power, elicit stakeholder voice, solve problems, and increase participants’ capacity for program design, implementation, and evaluation. Circles can be used by both Indigenous and non-Indigenous evaluators. By offering the global evaluation community this concrete, practical, and culturally responsive approach, we open the door so that others can build on this work and offer additional insights as this practice is used, refined, and documented.
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Mieczysław, Szyszkowicz. "Squaring the Circle Using Modifi ed Tartaglia Method." Trends in Computer Science and Information Technology 1, no. 1 (2016): 018–19. https://doi.org/10.17352/tcsit.000003.
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The paper presents a modified Tartaglia method. Tartaglia proposed a simple approach to perform an approximate quadrature of the circle. His construction results with the number pi=3.125. Using a similar construction as Tartaglia but with different proportions improves the accuracy of his method.
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Fadloun, Samiha, Souham Meshoul, and Kheireddine Choutri. "CircleVis: A Visualization Tool for Circular Labeling Arrangements and Overlap Removal." Applied Sciences 12, no. 22 (2022): 11390. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app122211390.
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Information visualization refers to the practice of representing data in a meaningful, visual way that users can interpret and easily comprehend. Geometric or visual encoding shapes such as circles, rectangles, and bars have grown in popularity in data visualization research over time. Circles are a common shape used by domain experts to solve real-world problems and analyze data. As a result, data can be encoded using a simple circle with a set of labels associated with an arc or portion of the circle. Labels can then be arranged in various ways based on human perception (easy to read) or by optimizing the available space around the circle. However, overlaps can occur in one or more arrangements. This paper proposes CircleVis, a new visualization tool for label arrangement and overlap removal in circle visual encoding. First, a mathematical model is presented in order to formulate existing arrangements such as angular, path, and linear. Furthermore, based on user interaction, a new arrangement approach is proposed to optimize available space in each circle arc and delete label overlaps. Finally, users test and evaluate the designed tool using the COVID-19 dataset for validation purposes. The obtained results demonstrate the efficacy of the proposed method for label arrangement and overlapping removal in circular layout.
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Zhang, Zili, Xuan Wang, Kai Han, and Zoe L. Jiang. "A Novel Arc Segmentation Approach for Document Image Processing." International Journal of Pattern Recognition and Artificial Intelligence 29, no. 01 (2015): 1553001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218001415530018.
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In document image processing, arc segmentation plays an important role in vectorization and graphic recognition. Moreover, the unsatisfactory results of several recent arc segmentation contests indicate that conventional methods are inadequate. This paper proposes a new arc segmentation algorithm called SymCAve (an acronym for Symmetry axis, Circle fitting and Average distribution points). First, we locate several seed points and adopt three strategies to ensure that the seed points are proper; then we calculate the center and radius utilizing the seed points. Second, the coordinates of the center and radius are adjusted by employing symmetry axes. Third, the average distribution points method is used to verify whether the points on the circumference are all black pixels. It is a complete circle if all of the points are black pixels. Otherwise, it is a partial circle if some of the points are black pixels and are continuous. Based on this information, the start and end angles of the partial circle can be determined. Finally, these arcs are verified to ensure that the results are accurate. Images and the evaluation tool were obtained from the GREC Workshop's Arc Segmentation contests, to test the systematic performance of the SymCAve algorithm. The experiments demonstrate that the proposed method can provide promising results. However, the algorithm has some drawbacks: it cannot detect a line with width of one pixel, small angles, and any large radius arcs. It is suited for segmenting images with appropriate symmetry axes.
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Asyadhili, Rifqi Hasan, and Iskandar Yusuf. "Implementasi Metode Circle Time dalam Pembelajaran PAI di SDIT Ibnu Hajar Balikpapan." Journal of Educational Research and Practice 1, no. 1 (2023): 83–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.70376/jerp.v1i1.87.
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This article aims to provide a detailed explanation and analysis of the implementation of Circle Time in the context of Islamic Religious Education (PAI) at the Integrated Islamic Elementary School (SDIT) Ibnu Hajar in Balikpapan. The research background arises from the need to evaluate the impact of using the Circle Time method on the formation of students' characters. The primary focus is to determine if there is a significant difference in the development of students' characters after implementing the Circle Time method in PAI learning. This research is qualitatively directed through a case study approach. The research methods used involve in-depth interviews, careful field observations, and documentation analysis to collect comprehensive data. The data collection process is designed to provide a profound understanding of changes in behavior and the development of students' characters as a result of implementing Circle Time. The conclusions from observations and interviews indicate that Islamic Religious Education with the Circle Time approach has a positive impact on students' development. The role of the teacher is crucial, requiring motivation, patience, and mentoring skills to enhance the moral and religious values of children. Training on the Circle Time method is needed for the development of both teachers and students, serving as a foundation for continuous academic growth. With this training, teachers can enhance their ability to implement Circle Time, while students also receive its positive impact.
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Adi, Setiawan, and Sediyono Eko. "Area calculation based on GADM geographic information system database." TELKOMNIKA Telecommunication, Computing, Electronics and Control 18, no. 3 (2020): 1416–21. https://doi.org/10.12928/TELKOMNIKA.v18i3.14901.
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This paper aims to provide an overview of the calculation of the area of Indonesia based on the boundaries of sub-district/village, district, regency/city. The circle approach method is proposed as a fast method for determining the land area of Indonesia. The total area of Indonesia can be obtained by adding up to 33 provinces or 502 regencies/cities or 6696 districts or 77474 sub-districts. Calculation of the area of the area using district boundaries is better used in the calculation of the area of Indonesia which is obtained 1,965,443.51 km2 . The results obtained are 2.53% bigger than the reference area.
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Liu, Yang, Honggui Deng, Zeyu Zhang, and Qiguo Xu. "A Fast Circle Detector with Efficient Arc Extraction." Symmetry 14, no. 4 (2022): 734. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sym14040734.
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Circle detection is a crucial problem in computer vision and pattern recognition. Improving the accuracy and efficiency of circle detectors has important scientific significance and excellent application value. In this paper, we propose a circle detection method with efficient arc extraction. In order to reduce edge redundancy and eliminate crossing points, we present an edge refinement algorithm to refine the edges into single-pixel-wide branchless contour curves. To address the contour curve segmentation difficulty, we improved the CTAR (Chord to Triangular Arms Ratio) corner detection method to enhance corner point detection and segment the contour curves based on corner points. Then, we used the relative position constraint of arcs to improve the circle detection accuracy further. Finally, we verified the feasibility and reliability of the proposed method by comparing our approach with five other methods using three datasets. The experimental results showed that the presented method had the advantages of anti-obscuration, anti-defect, and real-time performance over other methods.
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PODPALOVA, Olga, Evdokia RESHETNIK, Iryna PRIBYTKO, Ruslan MNEVETS, and Oleksandr KOVALCHUK. "SCIENTIFIC STUDENT GROUPS AS AN EFFECTIVE COMPONENT OF MODERN MEDICAL EDUCATION." Medical physics – the current status, problems, the way of development. Innovation technologies, no. 1 (2024): 68–73. https://doi.org/10.17721/3041-1491/2024.11-07.
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Introduction. Scientific student circles play a fundamentally important role in the training of future medical specialists, contributing to a deeper understanding of the theoretical and practical aspects of this interdisciplinary field. They create an environment where students can be actively involved in scientific research, which has a direct impact on their professional development and career prospects. Methods. The research uses theoretical methods such as analysis and synthesis, abstraction, concretization, induction and deduction, modeling, hypotheco-deductive and systemic approach. Results. Approaches to the organization and functioning of scientific student associations and their interaction in the ESC "Institute of Biology and Medicine" of Taras Shevchenko KNU were studied. The work experience of four scientific student circles was analyzed: the anatomy circle named after V.O. Betsa, circle of physiology named after O.P. Walter, the pathophysiology circle named after V.V. Pidvysotsky and the immersive technologies circle demonstrates the high efficiency of this component of medical education. It has been demonstrated that scientific circles provide integration of theoretical knowledge with practical activities. Conclusions. Thus, writing an article about scientific circles is a relevant and important task that allows to emphasize their role in the formation of highly qualified, motivated and competent specialists. This contributes to the improvement of the quality of education and scientific research in higher educational institutions, as well as the preparation of students for professional activities in the conditions of modern society.
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Itirna, Itirna, and Daniel Ari Widhiatama. "Students' Perception on the Implementation of Literature Circle Activities in Extensive Reading Class." Jadila: Journal of Development and Innovation in Language and Literature Education 3, no. 3 (2023): 244–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.52690/jadila.v3i3.466.
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This research aimed to find out the students’ perception on the implementation of Literature Circle in ER class. The design of this research was qualitative design research. This research was designed based on the problems identified and arranged to adjust the main purpose of the research so that the researcher employed a descriptive method. The researcher took 10 students as the sample of this research. The instruments of this study were observation and questionnaire. The researcher used questionnaire forms consisted of fifteen numbers of questions included in aspects of perception. Another instrument was an observation rubric. The findings of this research were; (1) the principles of ER have not been fully implemented in the Extensive reading class (2) Student's Perception of the implementation of the literature circle activity in ER Class has good benefits for students such as high interest and motivation in Extensive reading; (a) cognitive aspects, the Literature circle helps the Students to improve their reading skills and give them the freedom to choose books for pleasure, 77,8 %; (b) Literature Circle is an effective approach for the Extensive Reading class,55,6 %; (d) affective aspects increased student engagement, the utilization of Literature Circle methods fostered greater student involvement in the learning process,77,8 % , and conative aspects implementing the Literature Circle strategy actively involves students in reading while fostering their independence. Literature Circles serve as a cooperative learning tool that encourages students to take ownership of their reading choices and promote autonomy in engaging with personally selected texts, 66,7 %.
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Qamar, Aamir, Inzamam Ul Haq, Majed Alhaisoni, and Nadia Nawaz Qadri. "Detecting Grounding Grid Orientation: Transient Electromagnetic Approach." Applied Sciences 9, no. 24 (2019): 5270. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app9245270.
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The configuration is essential to diagnose the status of the grounding grid, but the orientation of the unknown grounding grid is ultimately required to diagnose its configuration explicitly. This paper presents a transient electromagnetic method (TEM) to determine grounding grid orientation without excavation. Unlike the existing pathological solutions, TEM does not enhance the surrounding electromagnetic environment. A secondary magnetic field as a consequence of induced eddy currents is subjected to inversion calculation. The orientation of the grounding grid is diagnosed from the equivalent resistivity distribution against the circle perimeter. High equivalent resistivity at a point on the circle implies the grounding grid conductor and vice versa. Furthermore, various mesh configurations including the presence of a diagonal branch and unequal mesh spacing are taken into account. Simulations are performed using COMSOL Multiphysics and MATLAB to verify the usefulness of the proposed method.
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Susuoroka, Gabina, Richmond Adu-Gyamfi, Emmanuel Boakye Adubofour, Al-hassan Abdul-Mumin, and Dennis Offei Kwakye. "Effect of Inquiry-based Teaching Approach on Students Achievement in Circle Theorems." Frontiers of Contemporary Education 3, no. 3 (2022): p1. http://dx.doi.org/10.22158/fce.v3n3p1.
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This study investigated the effect of inquiry-based teaching approach on students’ achievement in Circle theorems in Senior High Schools. The study used sequential exploratory mixed method research design to collect quantitative and qualitative data to answer the various research questions. A sample of 105 students and 6 mathematics teachers from the two schools were randomly and conveniently selected respectively for the study. Circle Theorems Achievement Tests (CTAT) was administered to both intact classes (control and experimental) as pre-test and after the intervention a similar CTAT was administered as post-test. During treatment, the experimental group were taken through inquiry- based teaching approach instruction while the traditional instruction was applied to the control group. Results from paired sample t-test showed that participants in the experimental group had increment in their post-test as compared to the pre-test. However, independent samples t-test results revealed that students in the experimental group achieved better in the post-test as compared to those in the control group. Interview data showed students negative attitudes and teachers’ teaching methods (use of traditional teaching method) were the main cause of students’ poor performance in circle theorems. The observation data also revealed that time factor was challenging since inquiry class activities needed more time to complete and also forming the small groups was a challenge in the class due to large class size and classroom not spacious. In conclusion, inquiry-based teaching approach was found to increased students’ achievement in circle theorem than the traditional instruction and hence recommended for teachers to implement it in their teaching.
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Earle, Michael A. "Vector Solutions for Great Circle Navigation." Journal of Navigation 58, no. 3 (2005): 451–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0373463305003358.
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Traditionally, navigation has been taught with methods employing Napier's rules for spherical triangles while methods derived from vector analysis and calculus appear to have been avoided in the teaching environment. In this document, vector methods are described that allow distance and azimuth at any point on a great circle to be determined. These methods are direct and avoid reliance on the formulae of spherical trigonometry. The vector approach presented here allows waypoints to be established without the need to either ascertain the position of the vertex or select the nearest pole; the method discussed here requires only one spherical triangle having an apex at the North Pole and is also easy to implement on a small computer.
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Yao, Sheng. "Proof of a New Circle Method of Goldbach’s Conjecture." Lecture Notes in Education, Arts, Management and Social Science 3, no. 2 (2025): 99–113. https://doi.org/10.18063/lne.v3i2.760.
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In this paper, a novel circle method is introduced which, compared to previous approaches, eliminates the need to explicitly estimate the prime-variable triangle sum on the residual interval [1]. By employing the Fourier series to express the summation formula, we estimate the triangle sum on the residual interval. At the same time, the concept of the intersection set is introduced. Using this concept, we recalculate the estimated values on both the main and residual intervals, thereby forming a new circle method. This new approach focuses on proving that the main value of the solution count is equivalent to its value on the main interval.
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Mursid, Mursid. "The Application of Beyond Centers and Circle Time Approach." Indonesian Journal of Islamic Early Childhood Education 1, no. 1 (2016): 81–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.51529/ijiece.v1i1.10.
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 This research used qualitative descriptive approach which lead into a field research. BCCT learning in RA Ngalian was regarded as an effective data obtained. It was 73 percent stated agree and the other of 27 percent stated very agree. Constitutionally, supporting factor in applying BCCT method appears in some aspects, such as the location, the headmaster’s competence, and teachers’ competence. As for the implementation in RA (PAUD) of Ngalian District, most of 67 percent of respondents stated agree and the other of 18 percent of respondents stated disagree. The role of teacher as inspiration for their students and as center of learning was not applied yet holistically. The data obtained, it was almost 45 percent of respondents stated agree and 10 percent stated very agree. It means the role of teacher as inspiration was not applied. Meanwhile the weaknesses factor of BCCT learning in RA (PAUD) of Ngalian district was the lack of time management in implementing BCCT method. This took effect in the learning process. The obtained data showed 45 percent stated agree and 9 percent stated very agree. It means that the time management was most recommended in order the BCCT learning could run well. Because of seeing the allotted time was limited, it made students were forced to accomplish some steps being passed. So that, the time management was required.
 Key words: the application of BCCT, the supporting factor, the weaknesses factor.
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Han, Hui Shi, and Jian Yu. "Isolated Intersection Traffic Signal Timing Problem: A Fuzzy Control Approach and a Case Study." Advanced Materials Research 779-780 (September 2013): 560–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.779-780.560.
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Considering the randomness of the traffic flow, a self-adaptive control method for isolated intersection signal timing is proposed, which imitates the traffic polices signal controlling behaviors. Firstly, we define the concepts of Busy Level (for the phase that has got the right of way) and Urgent Level (for the other phases that have not got the right of way). Based on the definitions, the signal control method is put forward, which can be summarized in brief that when Urgent Level is greater than Busy Level, the phase with the highest Urgent Level gains the right of way. Then, based on the fuzzy control theory, we elaborate the fuzzy modeling process of Busy Level and Urgent Level and put forward an optimization method of the membership function using the traversing method. The proposed method is a breakthrough comparing with the old methods that optimize the circle time, the split or the amount of the green time extension. The method has the charactaristics of no fixed circle time, no fixed phase sequence and is more effective to suit the fluctuant traffic flow. At last, the computational results of an simulation demostrates that the proposed method is far more effective than the pretimed signal timing methods.
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Pewee, Forkpah. "Phenomenological Approach for the Application of the FOAP Concept of the Vicious Circle of Ill-Health." European Journal of Medical and Health Research 2, no. 2 (2024): 108–19. https://doi.org/10.59324/ejmhr.2024.2(2).12.
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Background: The Field (F) Observation(O) for Accurate(A) Practicum(P) Concept of Vicious Circle of Ill- Health is an informative and innovative concept that focuses on how human activities within the environment reinforce each other in ways that contribute to vicious circle of ill-health. It is intended to change the perspective of community dwellers to embrace the new ideas of adapting healthy environmental practices to prevent and/or control the vicious circle of ill-health among them.Method: This study used the innovative qualitative research method that focused on the realist and meta-narrative reviews. The following databases were used as search engines: Google Scholar, OpenMD, RefSeek, BASE, Semantic Scholar, Academia, ResarchGate, and Google Search Engine.Result: The four stages of the phenomenological approach to the FOAP concept were vividly explained with stated characteristics. These four stages, when cleverly used, can make huge impacts on the lives of community dwellers. The various risk factors of vicious circle of ill-health, under the illustration of the Causal Theory, were greatly elaborated with all cited evidences to back the various claims.Conclusion: Most Liberians look healthy in an unhealthy environment; they get sick from contracting preventable diseases from the unhealthy environment; they go to hospitals or clinics for quality treatment against the preventable diseases; and they return to the same unhealthy environment that made them sick in the first place. This is the vicious circle of ill-health the FOAP Concept addresses. The FOAP Concept is a novel tool that will help national stakeholders and community dwellers successfully address the issue of unhealthy environmental practices.
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Dobia, Brenda, Roberto H. Parada, Sue Roffey, and Madelaine Smith. "Social and emotional learning: From individual skills to class cohesion." Educational and Child Psychology 36, no. 2 (2019): 78–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.53841/bpsecp.2019.36.2.78.
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AimTo evaluate the impact and process of introducing Circle Solutions (Circles) in six primary schools.RationaleMany frameworks for social and emotional learning (SEL) aim to develop individual skills. Circle Solutions is based on a collective approach with a specific pedagogy. This paper explores the impact that Circle Solutions have on belonging and inclusion.MethodTeachers in six primary schools were trained in Circle Solutions and asked to run the intervention once a week for up to six months, with three additional schools providing a waitlist control condition. A mixed-method approach was used to evaluate changes in pupils social-emotional skills, behaviour and connectedness. Five teachers completed the Teacher Attitudes to Social Emotional Learning survey (TASEL) prior to and following the intervention. 157 pupils completed a modified version of the California Healthy Kids Survey (CHKS) plus two open-ended questions.FindingsAlthough quantitative findings did not indicate statistically significant differences, qualitative responses suggested that the introduction of Circle Solutions increased inclusiveness and valuing of others, developed students’ emotional awareness, enhanced a positive sense of self and stimulated student engagement. Teachers increased their sense of efficacy for teaching social emotional skills and identified improvements in teacher-student relationships as well as in student confidence, peer relationships, empathy, kindness, and student engagement.LimitationsIssues with systemic implementation were identified.ConclusionCircle Solutions appears to have the potential to improve relationships, contributing to more connected and inclusive classrooms where children feel valued and appreciate others. Consideration needs to be given to sustainability and methodology in the evaluation of such programmes. There is a role for educational psychologists in establishing and supporting this intervention as happened throughout this study.
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Santini, Carlo, Fabio Mangini, and Fabrizio Frezza. "Apollonian Packing of Circles within Ellipses." Algorithms 16, no. 3 (2023): 129. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/a16030129.
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The purpose of a circle packing procedure is to fill up a predefined, geometrical, closed contour with a maximum finite number of circles. The subject has received considerable attention in pure and applied sciences and has proved to be highly effective in connection with many a problem in logistics and technology. The well-known Apollonian circle packing achieves the packing of an infinite number of mutually tangent smaller circles of decreasing radii, internal or tangent to the outer boundary. Algorithms are available in the literature for the packing of equal-radius circles within an ellipse for global optimization purposes. In this paper, we propose a new algorithm for the Apollonian packing of circles within an ellipse, based on fundamental numerical methods, granting suitable speed, accuracy and stability. The novelty of the proposed approach consists in its applicability to the Apollonian packing of circles within a generic, closed, convex contour, if the parametrization of its outer boundary is given.
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Suglo, Enoch Kabinaa, Christopher Saaha Bornaa, Abdulai Boare Iddrisu, Stephen Atepor, Francis Xavier Adams, and LIoyd Asiedu Owuba. "Teacher’s Pedagogical Content Knowledge and Students’ Academic Performance in Circle Theorem." Journal of Education and Teaching Methods 2, no. 3 (2023): 29–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.58425/jetm.v2i3.195.
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Aim: The main purpose of this study was to investigate the impact of teacher's pedagogical content knowledge (TPCK) on students' academic performance in circle theorem.
 Methods: The study used a mixed-methods research approach and a sequential explanatory design with a sample 210 students selected through the probability systematic sampling technique. The primary data was collected using questionnaire, an interview guide and a circle theorem achievement test. The data collected was analyzed using, the regression tool, and deductive manual thematic analysis, which was used for only the qualitative data collected from the interviews.
 Results: The study found a significant relationship between the independent variable teacher’s pedagogical content knowledge and the dependent variable academic performance in circle theorem signifying that students’ performance in circles theorem depends on the pedagogical content knowledge of the teacher.
 Conclusion: Based on the findings that emanated from the data analysed, the study concluded that teachers' pedagogical content knowledge has a significant relationship with students’ academic performance in circle theorem.
 Recommendation: the study recommends that Ghana Education Service organise training conferences and workshops aimed at improving teachers’ pedagogical circle theorem content knowledge.
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Nair, R. "On polynomials in primes and J. Bourgain's circle method approach to ergodic theorems." Ergodic Theory and Dynamical Systems 11, no. 3 (1991): 485–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0143385700006295.
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In this paper we prove the following theorem.Theorem 1. For a measure-preserving system (X, β, μ, T) and a positive integer k, if f ∈ L2(X, β, μ), the averages,converge μ almost everywhere. Here p runs over the rational primes and πN denotes their number in [1, N].
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Chen, Xianqi, Wen Yao, Yong Zhao, Xiaoqian Chen, and Xiaohu Zheng. "A practical satellite layout optimization design approach based on enhanced finite-circle method." Structural and Multidisciplinary Optimization 58, no. 6 (2018): 2635–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00158-018-2042-z.
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Han, Ligang. "A Study on Developing Learner Autonomy Through the Reading Circle Method." English Language Teaching 15, no. 7 (2022): 149. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/elt.v15n7p149.
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Many countries in the world have regarded the cultivation of learner autonomy as one of the important goals of language teaching. During the past fifty years, researchers and scholars have explored the connotations of learner autonomy, and carried out some empirical researches in different contexts. There are more and more researches on learner autonomy in language teaching and learning, the research scope and content are constantly broadened and deepened, and the research methods are more diversified. Based on the review of the reading circle method and the discussion of a working definition for learner autonomy, the present study explored the application of the reading circle method in facilitating the cultivation of learner autonomy in the English for Academic Purposes course at a comprehensive university in China. The results showed that the reading circle could help to improve learner&rsquo;s attitude and interest in English language learning. It also indicated that learner&rsquo;s learning capabilities and strategies were improved. This study adopts a novel approach to foster the development of learner autonomy, and sheds light on the empirical research practice.
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Han, Ligang. "A Study on Developing Learner Autonomy Through the Reading Circle Method." English Language Teaching 15, no. 7 (2022): 147. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/elt.v15n7p147.
Full textAbstract:
Many countries in the world have regarded the cultivation of learner autonomy as one of the important goals of language teaching. During the past fifty years, researchers and scholars have explored the connotations of learner autonomy, and carried out some empirical researches in different contexts. There are more and more researches on learner autonomy in language teaching and learning, the research scope and content are constantly broadened and deepened, and the research methods are more diversified. Based on the review of the reading circle method and the discussion of a working definition for learner autonomy, the present study explored the application of the reading circle method in facilitating the cultivation of learner autonomy in the English for Academic Purposes course at a comprehensive university in China. The results showed that the reading circle could help to improve learner&rsquo;s attitude and interest in English language learning. It also indicated that learner&rsquo;s learning capabilities and strategies were improved. This study adopts a novel approach to foster the development of learner autonomy, and sheds light on the empirical research practice.
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Nurideen, Suraj, Churcher Kwesi Amenyi, Dennis Wilmot, and Gabina Susuoroka. "Engaging Neural Plasticity in Senior High School Students: The Impact of Guided Discovery Teaching Method on Achievement in Circle Theorems." American Journal of Education and Practice 8, no. 1 (2024): 51–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.47672/ajep.1794.
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Purpose: The study's objective was to ascertain how circle theorem achievement in SHS students was affected by the guided discovery teaching method, a student-centered approach associated with improved neural plasticity.
 Materials and Methods: Two Form 2 classes from various Wa Municipal schools were chosen for the study using convenient, purposeful, and straightforward random sampling techniques. The study adopted a non-equivalent quasi-experimental design to compare students who are taught with the guided discovery method and the traditional method of teaching circle theorems concepts. The sample size was composed of 164 students. Using a separate t-test and descriptive statistics, the Geometry Achievement test was investigated. A pre-test was given before the experiment (post-test) began. The students who engaged in guided discovery instruction outperformed than those who did not when teaching and learning Circle theorems.
 Findings: The findings suggested that student-centered methods like guided discovery can greatly improve students’ achievement in the study of circle theorems. One of the implications derived from the study indicated that guided discovery teaching approach offers students the chance to put a method of learning into practice after they have used it. This was done by using illustrations of diagrams on cardboard. This must be considered in the planning of educators and subject-matter experts. For pre-tertiary education, the government must make it mandatory to use cardboard, mathematical instruments, and instructional sheets as teaching aids. Since visual representations of Euclidean Geometry diagrams bring reality to teaching and learning through pictures and diagrams, the importance of visualization and experimentation in learning circle theorems should not be underestimated by teachers or students. This will improve their conceptual understanding.
 Implications to Theory, Practice and Policy: One can recommend that in order to enhance the performance of SHS students, it will be most advantageous to introduce guided discovery teaching methods to pre- and in-service teachers, through promotion by Ghana Education Service and/or other stakeholders in the education sector. This introduction may be distributed through workshops and seminars for mathematics teachers' instructional techniques and skills will improve as a result. This study has added a lot to our understanding of the world. The guided discovery teaching method approach to teaching circle theorems has been strengthened and expanded as a result of this research, first and foremost. This thesis thus makes a substantial enhancement of the body of knowledge. The research also explains and backs up the notion that guided discovery methods aid students' academic endeavors. This shows that the teaching process engages students' attention and improves their capacity for memory and recall.
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Tlach, Vladimír, Zuzana Ságová, and Ivan Kuric. "Circular and quasi-circular paths for the industrial robots measuring with the Renishaw Ballbar QC20-W." MATEC Web of Conferences 254 (2019): 05007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201925405007.
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Realized measuring with the Renishaw Ballbar QC20-W on industrial robots requires a special approach to measurement and creating of a circular path. In the article, two methods of the circular path creation are compared through experimental measurements. The first method is based on creating a circle using standard program commands in the FANUC programming environment. In the second method, the circular path is created as a polygon that represents the most accurate approximation of a circle required for a Ballbar measurement. The measurement methodology, the analysis of measurement data and results are presented in the article.
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Lee, S. W., B. H. Lee, and K. D. Lee. "A configuration space approach to collision avoidance of a two-robot system." Robotica 17, no. 2 (1999): 131–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0263574799001113.
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This paper suggests an efficient approach to collision avoidance of a practical two-robot system. The approach is based on the C-space of one robot, and we consider only two and three dimensional C-space in which nearly all industrial manipulators can be reasonably represented for collision avoidance problems. The C-space of one robot is discretized with the concentric circles or spheres centered at the goal configuration. We then introduce the concept of free arc which is a set of the candidate configuration points on the concentric circle or sphere at each sampling time to avoid collisions. It is represented simply with respect to the coordinate frame attached to the goal configuration. The free arc is used as a tool for collision avoidance of a two-robot system and sub-optimality can be considered in determining a collision-free path. The main contribution of this paper is that it provides a method to construct C-obstacles in a time-varying environment more efficiently than the existing methods (e.g. slice projection method1) by restricting the search space at the expense of sacrificing completeness. Thus, it enables us to implement a practical collision avoidance algorithm for a two-robot system with decreased computational cost. Simulation results for two 2-d.o.f. manipulators and two PUMA robots are presented to show the efficacy of the proposed method.
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Hamzah, Nur. "PELAKSANAAN PEMBELAJARAN BCCT BAGI ANAK USIA DINI; STUDY PELAKSANAAN BCCT DI TK ISLAM MUJAHIDIN PONTIANAK." At-Turats 10, no. 2 (2016): 119. http://dx.doi.org/10.24260/at-turats.v10i2.668.
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Nowadays, there are a lot of pre-school educational institution such as Kindergarten (TK), Raudhatul Atfhal (RA), Playgrounds, Children Care, Early Childhood Education (PAUD), and so forth. Furthermore, in these educational institution, study method and approach is developed based on earl childhood characters. One of the ways is named Beyond Centres and Circle Times (BCCT). Moreover, the BCCT is theoretically a study approach which is held at the centre or cirlce. The children apparently learn something based on their themes and centre. Besides, there are still few pre-school institutions performed this model on their schools because it provides more human resources, spaces, and budget. In Pontianak, some schools have applied this method, and one of them is TK Islam Mujahidin.
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Feng, Tianyi, and Ying Zhou. "Identification and Causes of Neighborhood Commercial Areas: Focusing on the Development of Daily Life Circles in Urban Built Environments." ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information 13, no. 11 (2024): 406. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijgi13110406.
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Urban planning in China is shifting from an administrative unit-based approach to community life circle planning, aiming to align planning units with residents’ actual activity ranges. As the most fundamental life circle, daily life circle (DLC) planning must adopt a bottom-up approach. However, the widely applicable methods for delineating DLCs remain lacking. This study presents a strategy for delineating DLCs centered on neighborhood commercial areas that aggregate essential daily life services. Correspondingly, a method is proposed for identifying neighborhood commercial areas based on residents’ actual usage of facilities. The method was applied in Qinhuai District, Nanjing, where neighborhood commercial areas were identified and the factors influencing their formation and types were quantitatively analyzed. The results indicate the following: (1) the proposed method accurately identifies neighborhood commercial areas that can serve as DLC central areas; (2) commercial diversity, public transportation stops, and parking spots are the three most influential factors in neighborhood commercial area formation, exhibiting non-linear and threshold effects; and (3) the type of neighborhood commercial areas varies by population density, housing prices, and street betweenness, with betweenness being the most significant factor. These findings provide methods and indicators for DLC delineation and planning, contributing to the realization of the DLC construction concept.
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AL-Forati, Israa, Abdulmuttalib Rashid, and Fatemah Al-Assfor. "An Efficient Mathematical Approach for an Indoor Robot Localization System." Iraqi Journal for Electrical and Electronic Engineering 15, no. 2 (2019): 61–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.37917/ijeee.15.2.7.
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In a counterfeit clever control procedure, another productive methodology for an indoor robot localization framework is arranged. In this paper, a new mathematic calculation for the robot confinement framework utilizing light sensors is proposed. This procedure takes care of the issue of localization (position recognizing) when utilizing a grid of LEDs distributed uniformly in the environment, and a multi-portable robot outfitted with a multi-LDRs sensor and just two of them activate the visibility robot. The proposed method is utilized to assess the robot's situation by drawing two virtual circles for each two LDR sensors; one of them is valid and the other is disregarded according to several suggested equations. The midpoint of this circle is assumed to be the robot focus. The new framework is simulated on a domain with (n*n) LEDs exhibit. The simulation impact of this framework shows great execution in the localization procedure.
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Yao, Baozhen, Qingda Cao, Lu Jin, Mingheng Zhang, and Yibing Zhao. "Circle Line Optimization of Shuttle Bus in Central Business District without Transit Hub." PROMET - Traffic&Transportation 29, no. 1 (2017): 45–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.7307/ptt.v29i1.2015.
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The building density of Central Business District (CBD) is usually high. Land for a bus terminal is insufficient. In this situation, passengers in CBD have to walk far to take a bus, or take a long time to wait for a taxi. To solve this problem, this paper proposes an indirect approach: the design of a circle line of shuttle bus as a dynamic bus terminal in CBD. The shuttle bus can deliver people to the bus station through a circle line. This approach not only reduces the traffic pressure in CBD, but also saves travel time of the passenger. A bi-objective model is proposed to design a circle line of a shuttle bus for CBD. The problem is solved by non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm (NSGA-II). Furthermore, the Dalian city in China has been chosen as the case study to test the proposed method. The results indicate that the method is effective for circle line optimization of shuttle bus in central business district without a bus terminal.
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Khlil, Alhadi, Zhanqun Shi, Abubakar Umar, and BoTong Ma. "Improved algorithm for minimum zone of roundness error evaluation using alternating exchange approach." Measurement Science and Technology 33, no. 4 (2022): 045003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1361-6501/ac40a6.
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Abstract Based on computational geometry techniques, an improved algorithm for the minimum zone of roundness error evaluation using an alternating exchange method is presented. A minimum zone fitting function was created to enhance the roundness error evaluation. The function uses three candidate points to determine the initial solution: the expected centre, the mean circle radius, and the corresponding zone half-width. The best solution function is designed to use the initial solution as the input to determine the optimum solution for the minimum zone circle (MZC). The proposed algorithm was validated using data available in the literature. The roundness error evaluation comparison results demonstrate that the proposed method accurately detects both the centre error magnitude and MZC and overcomes the insufficiency of using selected colinear points for four selected points.
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Kikhau, Penina M., and Dian S. Nenoliu. "EKSPLORASI ETNOMATEMATIKA MODEL IKAT TERNAK MASYARAKAT DAWAN DALAM PEMBELAJARAN MATEMATIKA PADA MATERI LINGKARAN." MEGA: Jurnal Pendidikan Matematika 1, no. 2 (2020): 83–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.59098/mega.v1i2.217.
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Mathematics is a field of science whose application is often found in everyday life. In studying mathematics, there are two scopes taught, namely mathematics which is taught in education and ethnomatematics which is the application of mathematics in cultural groups. The application of local culture in learning activities can make it easier for students to learn because what is learned is directly related to students' daily lives. The people of East Nusa Tenggara generally develop several livestock raising systems, one of which is a semi-intensive system, in which livestock are kept outside of cages and tied under lush trees. This culture of binding livestock can be found in almost all Dawan people who live in the suburbs to outside the city. The culture of the beef tie in the Dawan community can be applied in an academic environment as an approach to learning mathematics on circular material. This study aims to explore the ethnomatematics of the Dawan culture of the cow tie. This research uses ethnographic method. The data in this study were obtained using triangulation of data obtained through field observations, oral interviews and documentation. The exploration results show that the cattle tie model can be used in studying circles such as the elements of a circle, the area of a circle, the circumference of the circle and the area of a circle.
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Widat, Faizatul, Dewi Man Zilatul Hikmah, Zilviyatul Hasanah, and Hasan Baharun. "Strategies to Improve Critical Thinking Skills for Children Through the Beyond Center and Circle Time (BCCT) Method." Jurnal Obsesi : Jurnal Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini 7, no. 4 (2023): 5072–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.31004/obsesi.v7i4.4206.
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This study aims to analyze and examine learning strategies in early childhood through the Beyond Center And Circle Time (BCCT) approach in improving critical thinking skills in early childhood. The subject of this research is RA Raudlatul Hasanah Condong Gading Probolinggo. This research uses a qualitative case study-type approach with observation, interview and documentation techniques. The data analysis is carried out circularly, starting with data display, reducing, and concluding. Sources of informants were obtained from school principals, teachers and guardians of students. The results of the study show that in improving critical thinking skills for early childhood at RA Raudlatul Hasanah by adopting the Beyond Center And Circle Time (BCCT) method, which is carried out in the following stages; first problem mapping, a second implementation of Beyond Centre And Circle Time (BCCT), third evaluation and follow-up plan. This research has implications that the BCCT method has a significant influence on improving thinking skills in early childhood, which can be seen when students ask questions, are enthusiastic about participating in teaching and learning activities and are always excited and cheerful in carrying out activities using this method.
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Bramson, Aaron, Kazuto Okamoto, and Megumi Hori. "Comparing Methods for Measuring Walkability." Complex Systems 30, no. 4 (2021): 539–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.25088/complexsystems.30.4.539.
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Walkability analyses have gained increased attention for economic, environmental and health reasons, but the methods for assessing walkability have yet to be broadly evaluated. In this paper, five methods for calculating walkability scores are described: in-radius, circle buffers, road network node buffers, road network edge buffers and a fully integrated network approach. Unweighted and various weighted versions are analyzed to capture levels of preference for walking longer distances. The methods are evaluated via an application to train stations in central Tokyo in terms of accuracy, similarity and algorithm performance. The fully integrated network method produces the most accurate results in the shortest amount of processing time, but requires a large upfront investment of time and resources. The circle buffer method runs a bit slower, but does not require any network information and when properly weighted yields walkability scores very similar to the integrated network approach.
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Yang, Zhentao, Xinding Fang, and L. Huang. "A robust approach for determining borehole shape from six-arm caliper logs." GEOPHYSICS 83, no. 6 (2018): D203—D215. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/geo2017-0761.1.
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We have developed a robust and reliable method for determining borehole shape from six-arm caliper logs. Four- and six-arm calipers are the common caliper tools used in open-hole logging. They provide information about wellbore geometry that is important in petrophysical and geomechanical analyses. The analysis procedure for four-arm caliper logs is well-established, but the analysis for six-arm caliper logs can be troublesome in complex hole environments containing breakouts or keyseats when the tool is off center. The challenge with the six-arm caliper is how to remove the effect of tool decentralization, which cannot be handled properly by using conventional correction methods, which are developed based on the assumption of circular or elliptical boreholes. To resolve this issue, we have developed a new approach for tool decentralization correction. The new method is based on an assumption that the true borehole center should be the center of a circle that fits the caliper pad positions in the least-squares sense subjected to the restriction that the circle is confined within the six pads. We first compare the new method with the conventional chord method and ellipse-fitting method through numerical modeling. We numerically investigate the general performance of these three methods by using a Monte Carlo approach to generate a large number of simulations that mimic caliper logging run in boreholes with a variety of different wellbore geometry. We then study the applicability of the new method in field data analysis by applying it to a field logging data set acquired in a well that contains the breakout and the keyseat. The modeling and field-data results indicate that the new method can yield more reliable estimates of the virgin borehole center than the other two methods and thus can give clearer delineation of the borehole shape.
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Grosvold, Johanne, Stefan U. Hoejmose, and Jens K. Roehrich. "Squaring the circle." Supply Chain Management: An International Journal 19, no. 3 (2014): 292–305. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/scm-12-2013-0440.
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Purpose – The purpose of this study is to evaluate the relationships between management, measurement and performance of sustainability in supply chains. The authors develop a framework which explores these links through decoupling as articulated by the institutional theory. They draw on a conceptual continuum of reactive-proactive sustainable supply chain practices and identify clusters of companies along these dimensions and evaluate the theoretical and managerial implications of this for sustainability performance. Design/methodology/approach – This study uses primary and secondary datasets from 12 inductive, multiple case studies across different industries. This method ensures that we are better able to encapsulate a broader and more diverse set of practices and settings which in turn adds robustness to the theory we induced from our findings. Findings – The authors find varying degrees of alignment between management practices and measurement systems of sustainable supply chains. Some firms better align their sustainable supply chain management and measurement practices than others, resulting in tighter coupling and ultimately improved sustainability performance in the supply chain. Research limitations/implications – Further research may explore the conditions under which firms decouple their practices and the contextual settings that are associated with decoupling, loosely and tightly coupled alignment. Additionally, the conceptual framework should be tested across countries, industries and different relationships between public and private organisations. Originality/value – This is one of the first empirical explorations of the decoupling theory and the reactive-proactive continuum in sustainable supply chain management.
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Lapaine, Miljenko, and Tomislav Jogun. "Approximation of a Great Circle by using a Circular Arc on a Mercator Chart." Journal of Navigation 71, no. 2 (2017): 497–508. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0373463317000583.
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This paper describes George Biddell Airy's almost completely unknown method of approximating an orthodromic arc (great circle arc) using a circular arc in the normal aspect Mercator projection of a sphere. In addition, it is demonstrated that the centre of the circle can be defined in at least two different ways, which yields slightly different results. Airy's approach is built upon in this paper. The method of computing coordinates of Airy's circle arc centre is described. The formulae derived in the paper can be used to calculate the length of Airy's approximation of the orthodromic arc connecting two points on the sphere and on the Mercator chart. Moreover, the actual length of the orthodromic arc on the sphere and on the Mercator chart can be computed using the formulae derived in this paper. The purpose of the paper is not to suggest an application of Airy's method in navigation, but to analyse Airy's proposal and to show that a great circle arc on a Mercator chart is close to a circular arc for distances which are not too great. This property can be useful in education, having in mind that the stereographic projection is the only one that maps any circle on a sphere onto a circle in the projection plane.
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Flores, Alfinio, and Troy P. Regis. "How Many Times Does a Radius Square Fit into the Circle?" Mathematics Teaching in the Middle School 8, no. 7 (2003): 363–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.5951/mtms.8.7.0363.
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This article presents alternative and interesting approaches to exploring. The first part of the article describes an empirical method that allows students to estimate the area of a circle with surprising accuracy. This method can be used as an extension of the approach of using a grid to approximate the area of a circle. The use of a grid is conceptually illuminating; it emphasizes the idea that the area is measured in square units and that areas of shapes that do not have straight sides can nevertheless be measured with square units. An example of such an approach is described in “Covering a Circle” (Lappan et al. 1998); however, when students actually count squares, the values they find may not be exact. For example, in a sixth-grade classroom, when students counted the squares in a grid containing a circle with radius 7, their answers ranged from 142 to 178 square units for the approximate area of the circle. Dividing such numbers by the square of the radius, that is, 49, we obtain values ranging from 2.9 to 3.6. The area approximation was not exact enough to determine the value of π with two significant digits. In the first activity we describe, the goal is to help students understand that the area of the circle is about 3.1 times the area of the radius square (that is, a square with a side length that is equal to the radius).
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Schroeder, Brian. "Breaking the Closed Circle." Dialogue and Universalism 8, no. 10 (1998): 97–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/du199881028.
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Levinas' philosophy is in part predicated on a retrieval or recasting of select Platonic motifs, yet his relationship to such thinking is frequently, and necessarily, ambiguous. While refraining from the often hyperbolic language of Nietzsche's reversal or inversion of "Platonism," Levinas' more sober approach effects both a radical tum away from and toward, Plato's teaching on paideia. Echoing Nietzsche's injunction that the teacher is sometimes a "necessary evil," and calling into question the visual luminescence of the so-called Platonist "doctrine" of forms (eide) and the closed interiority of the subject in which they are instilled, I propose a Levinasian-oriented metapaideiac model based on the primacy of the exteriority of hearing, and thus of dialogue, as that which comes from a height, from a nondominating "mastery." I reconsider Plato's image of paideia, the essence of which is "tuming around" and Levinas' rejection of the Socratic maieutic method of elenchus in an effort to advance the question of whether a universal conception of ethics can be taught, and if so, how teaching produces ethics.
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Nair, R. "On polynomials in primes and J. Bourgain's circle method approach to ergodic theorems II." Studia Mathematica 105, no. 3 (1993): 207–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.4064/sm-105-3-207-233.
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Shi, Pei-Jian, Zi-Hua Zhao, Hardev S. Sandhu, et al. "An Optimization Approach to the Two-Circle Method of Estimating Ground-Dwelling Arthropod Densities." Florida Entomologist 97, no. 2 (2014): 644–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1653/024.097.0242.
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