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SILVA, MARTIM FRANCISCO DE OLIVEIRA E. "THE COMPETITIVE ADVANTAGE OF NATIONS AND THE COMPETITIVE ADVANTAGE OF COMPANIES: DOES LOCATION MATTER?" PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO, 2009. http://www.maxwell.vrac.puc-rio.br/Busca_etds.php?strSecao=resultado&nrSeq=13434@1.
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PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIROHá dois pontos de vista dominantes no campo da Administração Estratégica para explicar o desempenho das empresas: a visão da Organização Industrial, que destaca o papel do ambiente industrial e a Visão Baseada em Recursos, que salienta a importância das características individuais das empresas, ambos extensamente estudados. Entretanto, a associação entre o desempenho das empresas e a competitividade das nações, em termos de seus ambientes institucionais, culturais, políticos e econômicos é um campo do conhecimento que continua a ser pouco explorado. Este estudo buscou comprovar que o desempenho das empresas varia não apenas em função das indústrias a que elas pertencem ou de suas características individuais, mas também em função do ambiente mais geral dos países em que elas operam. A partir dos relatórios anuais de competitividade do World Economic Forum e dos indicadores de desempenho obtidos a partir da base de dados do MSCI Inc., foram testadas as hipóteses formuladas associando o ambiente mais geral dos países ao desempenho de suas empresas, sendo encontradas evidências da existência do relacionamento entre os indicadores de competitividade dos países e o desempenho sustentável de suas empresas. O estudo tratou de maneira pioneira o relacionamento entre o conceito da vantagem competitiva das nações, através de seus indicadores de competitividade e a vantagem competitiva das empresas, por meio de seu desempenho; testou empiricamente o modelo do Diamante Competitivo do Professor Michael Porter; destacou três variáveis, habitualmente negligenciadas na linha de pesquisas das fontes de desempenho de empresas: a Sofisticação dos Compradores, o PIB e as Compras Governamentais; e criou um novo indicador de desempenho que também traduz a sua sustentabilidade, o qual se relaciona à linha da pesquisa da persistência dos retornos anormais.
There are two dominant points of view in the field of Strategic Management to explain the firm performance: the Industrial Organization view, which highlights the role of the industrial environment, and the Resource Based View, which emphasizes the importance of the idiosyncratic characteristics of firms, both extensively studied. However, the association between the firm performance and the competitiveness of nations in terms of their institutional, cultural, political and economical environment is a field of knowledge still insufficiently explored. This study shows that firm performance depends not only on the industries to which they belong or to their individual characteristics, but also to the wider environment of the countries where they operate. From the Annual Competitiveness Reports of the World Economic Forum and the financial performance indicators obtained from the database of MSCI Inc., the hypothesis made relating the wider environment of the countries to the performance of their firms were tested. Evidences of the relationship between the nation´s competitiveness indicators and the sustainable performance of their firms were found. The study pioneered the approach relating the concept of competitive advantage of nations, through its indicators of competitiveness, to the competitive advantage of companies, through their performance; empirically tested the model of Michael Porter´s Competitive Diamond; highlighted three variables, usually neglected in the line of research of the sources of firm performance: Buyers Sophistication, GDP and Government Purchases; and created a new indicator of performance that also reflects its sustainability, which relates to the line of research on the persistence of abnormal returns.
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Konsolas, Ioannis. "The competitive advantage of nations : the case of Greece." Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 1999. http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/2514/.
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The present study applies Porter's diamond framework, which identifies the sources of international competitive advantage for particular industries in a country, to the case of Greece. The diamond framework and Porter's work on the development of competitive economies are first summarised, their main applications are presented and a critical evaluation is attempted using the various criticisms and comments made by other researchers. Then, a short economic history of Greece since its liberation and a brief description of Greece's past and present economic environment are followed by 'a review of the Greek literature on industrial competitiveness. The competitive structure of Greek industrial clusters is further explored with the help of trade and other relevant data. Using Porter's methodology, the competitive Greek industries are identified and categorised in clusters. A large part of the study is devoted to five case-studies of particular Greek industries, namely the cement, rolled aluminium products, tourism, men's outerwear, and dairy industries. The conclusions from the case studies, and the data analysis, are positive for the applicability of the framework to Greece. Areas of concern, nevertheless, are apparent, related to domestic rivalry, customer sophistication, as well as, the relationship between firm strategy and structure, and rivalry. On the other hand, Porter's emphasis on geographic concentration, on the industry level of competitiveness, and especially on the cluster concept are found to be justified. These conclusions also provide the basis for the presentation of some suggestions concerning the Greek State's policies and the strategies of Greek companies.
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Oz, Ozlem. "The competitive advantage of nations : the case of Turkey." Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.406539.
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Alwuhaibi, Sami Abdallah. "A cultural perspective on the impact of family and society on the competitive advantage of organizations and nations." Diss., Mississippi State : Mississippi State University, 2009. http://library.msstate.edu/etd/show.asp?etd=etd-04032009-145755.
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Lockwood, Martin. "A study of national competitive advantage in construction : the European construction industry." Thesis, Heriot-Watt University, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/10399/827.
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The international construction industry is highly competitive with competition expected to further intensify. However, the market remains essentially heterogeneous with contractors able to express aspects of competitive advantage. This research is concerned with the nature and application of competitive advantage. Relevant theories are reviewed in order to examine and explain the general international market. From these theories, a suitable method was adopted to accommodate the attributes of international construction and to explain 'how, why, where and when' internationalisation was viable. This is the Porter model of national competitive advantage, adapted to accentuate the consideration of locations. Through research involving major construction contractors from the UK and two competitor nations; France and Germany, each nation's 'national diamond' profile of competitive advantage was formed. This model was then applied to specific, economically distinguished, locations; Portugal, Spain and Italy, to examine the various characteristics of relative competitive internationalisation. The combination of theoretical prediction and practical research revealed numerous elements of national competitive differentiation. These influence internationalisation, focussing consideration within a progressive framework of 'how and why, where and when'. The research shows that relative competitive advantage enhances the area of viable internationalisation, through allowing competition to be undertaken within more economically mature nations. Further, this framework will also direct contractors to key areas for improvement in their relative competitive profile.
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Holaschutz, Donny 1981. "The seeds of solar innovation : how a nation can grow a competitive advantage." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/70821.
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Thesis (S.M. in Engineering and Management)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Engineering Systems Division, 2012.Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 83-86).
Over the past several years, the world has been inundated with stories which, when connected, describe an informal and disorganized race by many nations to establish a leadership position in capturing the economic rewards from the pressing need to clean up the worldwide energy supply. At the forefront of this race, is the competition to become the largest supplier of solar energy generation products and services. Many governments around the world are actively incentivizing and creating policy with the hope of constructing a competitive advantage within the solar industry. This thesis aims to provide the decision maker with a novel, objective, and cross-disciplinary perspective on the solar innovation system in the United States. The intention of this thesis is to encourage new ways of thinking about the solar innovation system and to inspire new approaches to effectively support its growth. This thesis presents recommendations to the decision maker at the Department of Energy (DOE) grounded in the underlying dynamics of solar innovation and the DOE's capacity to act. This thesis found that the driving force behind the evolution of solar innovation is a special type of firm which tends to start as an informal group or tribe within a professional environment. The special type firm, the solar innovation leading enterprise, is characterized by performing an in-depth analysis of the evolution of the solar industry in the U.S. over the past 20 years. The solar innovation leading enterprise is a type of firm that has demonstrated the ability to create a disproportionate amount of value for the solar innovation system. Not only has the solar innovation leading enterprise generated value, but it has spilled over enough value to incentivize the building of a broader set of regional capabilities which can be exported to the rest of the world. This thesis presents the ideal characteristics of the solar innovation leading enterprise and the dynamics which lead to its formation, growth, evolution, and sometimes to its creative destruction. The intricacies of how the solar innovation leading enterprise is born, how it evolves, what it requires to grow, and its dynamic relationship with the solar innovation cluster are presented and were derived by examining over 100 case studies in the solar industry. The current state of the competitive advantage of the U.S. is shown by presenting the status of the emerging and established regional solar innovation capabilities. Finally, a framework is constructed to guide the decision maker's actions. It presents the decision maker with ways to build the future competitive advantage of a nation now. The framework has its foundation in the underlying dynamics of solar innovation and characteristics of the solar innovation leading enterprise.
by Donny Holaschutz.
S.M.in Engineering and Management
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Wilmott, Leigh William, and n/a. "Australia's national competitive advantage in the non-residential construction industry : a Thailand case study." University of Canberra. Economics & marketing, 1998. http://erl.canberra.edu.au./public/adt-AUC20061110.145501.
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The objective of this study is to identify the key determinants of Australia's competitive
advantage in the Non-residential construction industry. Porter's Five Competitive
Forces Model has been used to analyse the existing industry structure both in Australia
and Thailand. In addition. Porter's Diamond Model has been used for identifying the key
determinants of Australia's competitive advantage in the industry.
The study has drawn upon industry data obtained from interviews with operation
managers and executives of major Australian firms in the non-residential construction
industry who have been successfully operating in Thailand over the last ten years.
Research, undertaken in Australia and Thailand, includes interviews and case study
information gained from industry, government and academia.
A key finding applicable to each case study was that Australian non-residential
construction firms operating in Thailand competed successfully on higher order
technological expertise in construction management and operation. Expertise and
innovation was created and sustained at home through vertically integrated clusters of
industry suppliers to the main contractor and replicated or adapted abroad to local
circumstances.
Australia's national competitive advantage in the industry has relied on the interaction of
key determinants. Favourable factor conditions have provided Australia with a key
advantage base, for example, skilled personnel, experience in a variety of construction
areas due to the demands of Australia's geography and development needs, and adequate
infrastructure provision both physical and capital. Favourable factor conditions
combined with intense service rivalry at home, supportive related industries, demanding
buyers, and effective competition policy are the key to Australia's success.
The study goes on to explain the role that industry and government can play to ensure
Australia remains internationally competitive in the industry. In addition summary
recommendations are provided of the steps that Thailand needs to take to improve its
competitiveness in general and the development of the construction industry in particular.
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Al, Shaikh A. H. "Is Dubai's competitive advantage sustainable? : a study of strategic planning in Dubai 1996-2010." Thesis, Coventry University, 2012. http://curve.coventry.ac.uk/open/items/6fe4ec23-da2c-4420-8321-ab5ba8fe4635/1.
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This thesis provides a critical analysis of Dubai’s approach to economic development planning over the period covered by its first three formalized plans that is 1996 to 2010. Dubai experienced a period of very rapid economic growth in the ten years before the 2008 global financial crisis, despite being a small economy with little oil; oil revenues only accounted for 2% of GDP in 2011. This dissertation analyzes and evaluates how the nature of Dubai’s strategic planning changed over the period 1996 to 2010 and the factors underpinning those changes. The thesis also offers an assessment of the potential for Dubai to develop and maintain a sustainable competitive advantage in the future. To help evaluate Dubai’s first three formalized economic development plans, this thesis identifies and discusses a number of theoretical frameworks and concepts to identify key concepts and relationships between ideas and practice in the field of economic development planning. In particular, a comparison is drawn between corporate strategic planning and economic development planning approaches and their relevance to the Dubai context. Given the blurred boundaries between the state and commerce, both approaches have potential relevance, at least in part, to Dubai. Dubai’s economic development plans are set against the historical, political, economic, social and cultural and context of the Emirate. The plans are analyzed using computer-based text analytics and summarized in mindmap form. This allows the major themes of the plans to be compared and progression between the plans to be identified. The plans are analyzed from a number of perspectives including the role of government, the expected contribution of the private sector and the role of higher education and research in promoting development. However, the main area of analysis is the extent to which the plans successfully identify development paths which will result in sustainable competitive advantage for Dubai. The thesis also reports on the results of semi-structured interviews with prominent experts. The interviews provide an important source of evidence and opinions on the successes and shortcomings of Dubai’s planning and plans and the actions which need to be taken if Dubai is to achieve its long-term aim of becoming and innovation an innovation driven knowledge-based economy.
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Mapuranga, Silencer W. Z. Mzembi. "The competitive advantage of nations : an exposition of the limitations of the Single Nation Diamond Theory in the case of Zimbabwe's exports to the OECD and South Africa markets." Thesis, University of Leicester, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/2381/31104.
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In searching for explanations to a Nation's export growth studies have been focused on identification of the determining conditions and analysing their relationship with the countries' export competitive advantage. One outstanding framework of such analysis has been the 'Single Diamond' (SD) conditions approach developed by Michael Porter, (1990). However, criticisms of this model range from its limitation in explaining the competitive advantage of small or developing countries, up to and including its exclusion, by definition, of factor conditions that are domiciled outside national borders. Furthermore this model's variables choice is too subjective such that their individual importance to the overall national competitive advantage are deemed country specific. Consequently alternative models that include causal factors that derive from cross- border networking of all kinds of commercial intercourse have been posited in the form of a 'Double' (DD) or 'Multiple' (MD) Diamond framework. This research's major objective was to test if Porter's Single Nation diamond framework could be used to fully identify and explain the source of 'determining' conditions that give Zimbabwe (an African Developing Country) its international competitive advantage in Developed Countries markets. Thus using local determining conditions alone (SD) and then a combination of local and foreign (DD or MD) conditions it was possible to identify the limitations of the SD framework. The results of this research are in line with experiences of other small countries and they suggest that the single diamond approach is limited in its explanation of the identity and sources of conditions that determine that country's competitive advantage. The Double-Diamond framework linking Zimbabwe to S. Africa's advanced economy was superior to both the SD and MD alternatives. The conclusion reached was that in the case of Zimbabwe the DD framework of analysis should be the basis for designing economic and trade development policies. However, in the context of this DD approach, further empirical research should focus on the influence of the DCs economic growth on the LDC's development pattern.
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Salzman, Catherine C. "Central American Media: A Comparative Study of Media Industries in Guatemala, Nicaragua, Honduras, El Salvador, and Costa Rica." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2008. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc9039/.
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The five countries that lie on the isthmus connecting North and South America have endured a past of colonialism, civil war, and natural disaster. As these countries evolve in the 21st century, growing economies and political peace provide a promising outlook for the citizens of these nations. The media industries in these nations have varying levels of development which are explored in this thesis. Using Michael Porter's 1990 framework and a case study methodology, this thesis explores the differences and similarities of media industries in Guatemala, El Salvador, Honduras, Nicaragua and Costa Rica, and what may be done to ensure future success in an increasingly global world.
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Haake, Sven. "The competitive advantage of cultures : an inquiry into the effects of national culture on industrial competitiveness." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2000. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/265446.
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In the wake of increasing global competition growing public attention has been paid to issues of national competitiveness and national differences in industrial perfo1mance. In particular the success of .high-technology industries has preoccupied the public mind. In this context, authors like Porter (1990) have contended that national competitive advantage is industiy-specific, i. e. that national competitiveness should be analysed on the level of particular industries and not of the national economy. At the same time, the end of the Cold War has fostered an awareness for the different shapes 'Western capitalism' has taken in different countries. Furthermore, the economic rise of Japan with her very different cultural roots has spmTed an interest in the economic effects of national culture. However, so far little is known about the link between different national 'host cultures', national institutional environments and the success of firms in different industries. The thesis therefore tries to investigate this relationship. It is based on the proposition that particular countries enjoy a competitive advantage in particular industries and that this competitive advantage can be related to the national cultural setting within which these industries operate. To address this question, the study will conceptualise a theoretical relationship between national culture and industrial competitiveness and illustrate this theoretical relationship empirically with a pattern recognition exercise. The pattern recognition exercise tries to use existing empirical evidence to identify a number of explicit affinities between patterns of national culture, national business systems and industrial task environments. This may suggest the plausibility of a link between national culture and industiy-specific competitive advantage and allow to formulate some tentative propositions for further research. The theoretical relationship assumes that national culture is enacted in national business systems, which in tum are seen to entail a differing ability to deal with the task environments of particular types of industries. Industrial competitiveness is thus conceived to arise out of a fit between patterns of culturally grounded business systems and patterns of industrial task environments. The pattern recognition exercise will deal with four countries and one competitive industry for each of the four countries. The four countries are the United States, Japan, Germany and Britain. The industries selected are the motion picture industry in the case of the United States, the photocopier indushy in the case of Japan, the machine tool industiy in the case of Germany and the financial services industry in the case of Britain. The results of this research suggest a relationship between individualistic, transformative cultures and national competitive advantage in knowledge-intensive industries with a high transferability of knowledge, i.e. in industries in which firms rely more on their flexible openness towards new sources of knowledge. They also suggest a relationship between communitarian, transformative cultures and national competitive advantage in knowledge-intensive industries with a low transferability of knowledge, i.e. in industries in which firms rely more on the accumulation of organisation-specific knowledge. These relationships may define a new programme of research, but also have practical implications in terms of the evaluation of policies at the corporate, sectoral or national level.
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Gupte, Tanay. "The Pursuit of Innovation: An Analysis of International Competitive Advantage in a Globalized Knowledge Economy." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2018. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/cmc_theses/1742.
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With the advent of the internet age, the way in which global society interacts with technology has changed dramatically. The instantaneous availability of information and connectivity, signal the rise of a knowledge economy. This is a system in which the most valuable resource, to nations and private enterprise, is knowledge. This thesis argues that value is created through knowledge flows, which result in innovation and technological advancement. This technological advancement is the primary determinant of a nation’s global competitive advantage in a globalized knowledge economy. This thesis then posits that these innovations are fostered by institutional, social, cultural, economic, and governmental factors within a nation. These factors make up a nations’ National Innovation System (NIS). Using case studies of the US, China, India, and the EU, this paper then attempts to deconstruct, compare, and contrast the innovation strategies of each country and what implications they might have for the future. Lastly, an analysis of potential trends attempts to forecast the global innovative landscape in the near future.
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Parc, Jimmyn. "An eclectic approach to enhancing the competitive advantage of nations : analyzing the success factors of East Asian economies with a focus on the development of South Korea." Thesis, Paris 4, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA040086/document.
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Les théories économiques existantes se concentrent sur les avantages que possède chaque pays en tant que facteurs essentiels pour le développement. Cependant, le succès sans précédent des économies d’Asie de l’Est, comme Hong Kong, Singapour, Taiwan et la Corée du Sud, ne peut pas être convenablement expliqué par ces théories antérieures car ces économies ont commencé leur développement sans avantages significatifs. L’examen du succès de ces économies devrait être abordé dans une perspective différente. Le but de la thèse est de développer une nouvelle approche laquelle permet de mieux déterminer les facteurs clés de la réussite du développement économique des quatre « dragons asiatiques »Existing economic theories focus on advantages that nations possess as a key factor to growth and success. However, the unprecedented success of East Asian economies cannot be appropriately explained by these earlier theories. The success of these countries should be addressed in a different way because they started their economic growth without any significant advantages. Therefore, the purpose of this dissertation is to develop a new paradigm that can fully explain the key success factors for the economic development of East Asian economies
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Du, Preez Ian Justus. "Determining the use of human capital to achieve a competitive advantage in the National Ports Authority of South Africa." Thesis, Port Elizabeth Technikon, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/50.
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A new business world is emerging, which every organisation must appreciate and know how to exploit. The concepts of strategy do not need to be rewritten, but must be adapted to this new era. Utilisation of the Internet and human capital to its fullest is transforming the way that business is conducted in achieving its objectives. The key to an organisation’s competitive advantage, is to invest in training, skills enhancement and the personal development of its staff. A requirement of the National Ports Authority is to be committed to basic adult education and preparing employees for re-skilling from the shop floor to the boardroom to ensure it is seen as an equal opportunity employer. The research problem addressed in this study was to determine the factors necessary to achieve strategic advantage using human capital. Relevant literature was used to develop a new model to address some of the issues facing the organisation, as well as ensuring that the National Ports Authority can leverage itself into a competitive advantage. To manage and measure knowledge-based resources is one of the most important challenges for a modern company. This challenge is incorporated in the new model developed by the study. The theoretical model consisted of various factors, which were analysed and formed into principles which were identifiable from the literature study. This model was then used to compile a questionnaire to test the responsiveness of the role players concurring. The empirical results analysed indicated that the respondents concurred with the theoretical study and factors of the new model that was developed.
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Magpantay, Josef Joachim L. "Anatomy of a financial center's global competitiveness in the context of Michael Porter's model of national competitive advantage a theoretical analysis." Honors in the Major Thesis, University of Central Florida, 2011. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETH/id/464.
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Throughout history, a number of financial centers have risen and fallen. While the significance of some centers have deteriorated, a small number of centers have emerged as today's leading financial centers by meeting a specific set of necessary conditions needed to successfully address the growing financial needs of the regions they are located. Furthermore, an even smaller number of financial centers have been able to sustain and expand their initial dominance in the financial industry by continuously satisfying a more focused set of conditions and factors. This thesis focuses on adapting Michael Porter's Diamond Model in determining, clustering, and expanding key factors that have historically given cities such as London, New York, Hong Kong, Singapore, and Tokyo their current status at the pinnacle of the financial centers of the world. This thesis begins by taking Porter's model that addresses national competitive advantage nations from a macroeconomic point of view, and adapting it to the development of financial centers at a microeconomic level. It utilizes Michael Porter's established grouping corners for identifying a vast array of macroeconomic and microeconomic factors that have historically played critical roles in increasing productivity and efficiency within a center's financial industry. Additionally, this thesis categorizes these factors into parameters that form a theoretical model designed to showcase the path to global financial dominance for an aspiring financial center. With the adaptation of Porter's model outlined in this thesis, financial centers are given a figurative blueprint of what constitutes a successful financial center. The theoretical model analyzes the necessary conditions and environments that a center needs to recreate within itself, or are endowed with, in order to be a globally competitive financial center.B.S.B.A.
Bachelors
Business Administration
Finance
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Cipolla, José Hamilton Maturano. "Fatores do ambiente de negócios determinantes para a formação de centros de excelência: um estudo com subsidiárias de multinacionais no Brasil." Universidade de São Paulo, 2011. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/12/12139/tde-08022012-182949/.
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Este trabalho analisa os fatores do ambiente de negócios que favorecem a formação de centros de excelências (Frost; Birkinshaw; Ensign, 2002). Centros de Excelência são importantes fontes para a criação e desenvolvimento de tecnologia. A presença desses centros no Brasil pode significar um papel importante para o país na economia global do conhecimento, sendo relevante a compreensão dos fatores ambientais que possam levar à decisão das multinacionais estrangeiras em criar tais centros. Em relação aos instrumentos de análise do ambiente de negócios, foram utilizados os modelos do diamante da vantagem competitiva nacional de Porter (1989) e o do diamante duplo generalizado de Moon, Rugman e Verbeke (1998). O diamante nacional já foi utilizado em pesquisa realizada por Frost, Birkinshaw e Ensign, (2002). Esta tese ampliou a análise do ambiente de negócios com a perspectiva do diamante internacional, possibilitada pelo modelo do duplo diamante generalizado, o qual considera relevante o papel das multinacionais. Foi realizado um survey com amostra de 172 questionários respondidos por CEOs de subsidiárias brasileiras pertencentes a multinacionais estrangeiras. Os resultados mostram que os determinantes do diamante nacional são relevantes para o desempenho de 154 das subsidiárias entrevistadas, 89,53% da amostra. E, os determinantes do diamante internacional são relevantes para o desempenho de 118 empresas, ou seja, 68,60% da amostra. Entretanto a análise de regressão apresenta limitações quanto à capacidade do diamante nacional de propiciar a formação de centros de excelência.This thesis analyzes the factors of business environment that favors the formation of centers of excellence (Frost; Birkinshaw; Ensign, 2002). The centers of excellence have been seen as an important source for the creation and development of technology. The presence of these centers in Brazil could mean an important role for the country in the global knowledge economy, so it is relevant understanding the environmental factors that may lead to the decision of foreign multinationals to establish such centers. In order to analysis the business environment were used the models Porter\'s diamond (1989) of national competitive advantage and the approach by Moon, Rugman and Verbeke, (1998), the generalized double diamond model. The national diamond has been used in research by Frost, Birkinshaw and Ensign (2002). This thesis has extended the analysis of the business environment with the perspective of the international diamond, made possible by the generalized double diamond model, which considers the relevant role of multinational corporations. The research was a survey with a sample of 172 questionnaires sends to CEOs of foreign subsidiaries. The results show that the determinants of national diamond are relevant to performance subsidiaries of 154 respondents, 89.53% of the sample. And, the international diamond determinants are relevant to performance 118 companies, i.e., 68.60% of the sample. However, the regression analysis has limitations as to the capacity of the national diamond propitiate the formation of centers of excellence.
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Rosevear, Sam. "Economic rationalism - the key to national competitive advantage, restructuring and employment growth? : lessons drawn from the policies advocated and implemented under the Hawke and Keating governments of 1983 to 1996." Title page, contents and abstract only, 1999. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09ARM/09armr817.pdf.
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Bibliography: leaves 262-283. This thesis examines whether economic rationalist policies, as implemented by Labor governments in Australia in the 1983-1996 period, are the key to achieving national competitive advantage, restructuring and employment growth. It is argued that, whilst the policies made some progress in this regard, more could have been achieved through the use of strategic industry policies. It is argued that the key weakness of the rationalist policies of the period is that of an uncritical faith in market forces to produce economic prosperity. Markets fail to produce competence in a range of crucial activities such as research and development, technology diffusion, work organisation, management, education and training, finance and export marketing. This thesis argues that strategic industry policies can foster national excellence in such capabilities, and so bring improvements in national competitive advantage, restructuring and employment growth, beyond that achievable by markets alone.
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Berzengi, Raz, and Anna Linbom. "Competitive Advantage of Environmental Sustainability." Thesis, Halmstad University, School of Business and Engineering (SET), 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-1342.
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More and more companies are trying to adopt a sustainability strategy, because of a growing awareness among people about a need for better environment in the future. It has been noticed that a balance between economic, social and environmental aspects is of great significance. The benefits of a strategy to become more balanced are said to be competitive advantage and stakeholder satisfaction besides the economic, social and environmental benefits.
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Runge, D. A. "Using telecommunications for competitive advantage." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1985. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.235120.
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Bellak, Christian. "Gaining and losing competitive advantage." Inst. für Volkswirtschaftstheorie und -politik, WU Vienna University of Economics and Business, 2003. http://epub.wu.ac.at/1414/1/document.pdf.
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Efficient policies to stimulate the competitiveness of firms require knowledge of future firm-strategies and a proper assessment of the location advantages of a country or region. Therefore, industry comparative advantage analysis needs to be complemented by firm competitive advantage analysis. This yields four hypotheses of firm strategies on the basis of the existing advantage combination. Detailed empirical analysis of a representative sample of Austrian manufacturing firms during 1990- 2000 shows that changes in employment, value-added and exports are in line with the suggested development. Three of the 3-digit industries lost their advantages while seven industries gained advantages, yet overall industry distribution has been remarkable stable over the four advantage combinations. In terms of number of firms, however, a large share (30%) of the total population shifts between advantage combinations even during short periods of time. The firm strategies outlined suggest a differentiated policy approach, yet the short-term dynamics revealed empirically imply a high potential for policy failure.Series: Working Papers Series "Growth and Employment in Europe: Sustainability and Competitiveness"
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Asija, Aman. "Leveraging knowledge for competitive advantage." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Ramon Llull, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/672240.
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Explotar el coneixement és fonamental per aconseguir un avantatge competitiu. No obstant això, ha estat un repte persistent per a les empreses. Segons la visió de l'empresa basada en el coneixement, l'apropiació i la reproducció efectiva de el coneixement són pertinents per a l'explotació de el coneixement dins de l'empresa. Per tant, les empreses utilitzen diferents estratègies per millorar la apropiabilitat i replicabilitat dels seus coneixements. Aquesta tesi se centra en les barreres específiques a l'explotació de el coneixement que tenen implicacions per a l'apropiació i la reproducció de el coneixement dins de l'empresa i proposa estratègies per abordar-les. La tesi examina com les empreses responen a les amenaces de apropiabilitat que suposen els mercats fragmentats de tecnologia i la mobilitat prevista dels treballadors de el coneixement, i com les empreses aconsegueixen replicar amb precisió les pràctiques mentre s'expandeixen. Les hipòtesis derivades en aquesta tesi es comproven empíricament utilitzant conjunts de dades originals. Aquesta tesi contribueix, en general, a la investigació sobre l'explotació de el coneixement i, específicament, a la investigació sobre les amenaces a l'apropiació de el coneixement i els determinants de la seva replicació efectiva.Explotar el conocimiento es fundamental para conseguir una ventaja competitiva. Sin embargo, ha sido un reto persistente para las empresas. Según la visión de la empresa basada en el conocimiento, la apropiación y la reproducción efectiva del conocimiento son pertinentes para la explotación del conocimiento dentro de la empresa. Por lo tanto, las empresas utilizan diferentes estrategias para mejorar la apropiabilidad y replicabilidad de sus conocimientos. Esta tesis se centra en las barreras específicas a la explotación del conocimiento que tienen implicaciones para la apropiación y la reproducción del conocimiento dentro de la empresa y propone estrategias para abordarlas. La tesis examina cómo las empresas responden a las amenazas de apropiabilidad que suponen los mercados fragmentados de tecnología y la movilidad prevista de los trabajadores del conocimiento, y cómo las empresas consiguen replicar con precisión las prácticas mientras se expanden. Las hipótesis derivadas en esta tesis se comprueban empíricamente utilizando conjuntos de datos originales. Esta tesis contribuye, en general, a la investigación sobre la explotación del conocimiento y, específicamente, a la investigación sobre las amenazas a la apropiación del conocimiento y los determinantes de su replicación efectiva.
Exploiting knowledge is fundamental to realizing competitive advantage, yet it has been a persistent challenge for firms. According to the knowledge-based view of the firm, appropriation and effective replication of knowledge are pertinent to the exploitation of knowledge within the firm. So, firms use different strategies to improve the appropriability and replicability of their knowledge. This thesis focuses on the specific deterrents to knowledge exploitation that have implications for knowledge appropriation and replication within the firm and proposes strategies to deal with them. It examines how firms respond to appropriability threats posed by fragmented markets for technology and anticipated knowledge worker mobility, and how firms achieve accurate replication of practices while expanding. The hypotheses derived in this thesis are tested empirically using novel datasets. This thesis contributes, overall, to the research on knowledge exploitation and, specifically, to the research on the threats to knowledge appropriation and determinants of replication performance.
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Gloudemans, Colin A. "A Competitive Advantage: Disaggregated Judgments." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2021. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1625688234060059.
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Crassous, Thibault, and Jeremy Gassmann. "GAINING COMPETITIVE ADVANTAGE THROUGH GREEN MARKETING : How green marketing is used as a competitive advantage?" Thesis, Högskolan i Halmstad, Sektionen för ekonomi och teknik (SET), 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-18257.
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The research question how green marketing is used as a competitive advantage was answered by the analysis of the multiple case-study of two organizations of the boardsports industry, Jade and Notox. The comparison between theories and interviews revealed that, by doing green branding, having eco-labels, and implementing the five I’s, Jade and Notox are differentiating. This differentiation provides them a competitive advantage. In addition, Jade and Notox innovate in green materials and processes which, coupled with eco-labels, maintain the differentiation and generate a sustainable advantage.
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Bowen, George. "Competitive advantage, political advantage and shelter in the textile industry." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2004. https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:5af357b8-d2e4-49f3-b8d4-52f2dbed354b.
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The effect of government on competitive advantage theory has only been covered superficially in strategic management literature. This thesis incorporates government into competitive advantage and multinational enterprise (MNE) theory by demonstrating how politically derived firmspecific advantages (FSAs) and competitive advantages may accrue from noncommercial, political sources, to be manifested in commercial enterprises as 'political competitive advantages (PCAs)'. The empirical background to this thesis is a study of the global textile industry and the complexity, multidimensional and multi-level nature of the relationship between the wider textile complex and governments. Examples demonstrate the significant impact of governments upon the textile industry, across the globe and over a wide variety of time horizons. A review of the relevant strategic management and international business core theory forms a base on which the PCA concept is developed. A synthesis of the strategic positioning view (SPV) of competitive advantage, the resource-based view (RBV) and transaction cost/internalization theories is used to develop the PCA concept. MNEs can derive superior operator surpluses (rents) from complex government externalities that, due to their asymmetrical impact, enable some profit-centres to gain PCAs. PCAs are non-market-related, chiefly government-derived, political competitive advantages and form a new subset of firm-specific advantages (FSAs). The international business concept of nonefficiency, shelter-based advantages form a subset of PCAs. An eight-cell PCA analytical framework is developed and operationalized using case studies selected from the world-wide operations of Coats PLC, the world's largest producer and distributor of sewing thread, and one of Britain's oldest MNEs. This analytical framework enables firms to better understand the significant and dynamic nature of those government externalities that have a major impact upon firm efficiency. The framework can be used to assist practitioners in the search for sustainable reactive and/or proactive (endogenizing) strategies that can enhance PC As and reduce political competitive disadvantages (PCDs).
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Rosenblad, Grönlund Caroline, and Lejla Poricanin. "Competitive Advantage within Accounting Firms : - A framework of how managers create competitive advantage through their organizational resources and competitive strategy." Thesis, Högskolan i Halmstad, Akademin för ekonomi, teknik och naturvetenskap, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-29482.
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Kermanshah, A. "Information systems strategy for competitive advantage." Thesis, University of Manchester, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.488362.
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Information Systems (IS) strategy for competitive advantage has been one of the dominant concerns in the literature of strategic management of Information Technology. Despite this, the processes and methodologies suggested in the literature for understanding and describing how, why and under what circumstances IS strategy may bring about sustainable competitive advantage are incomplete and unsatisfactory. The main objective of this thesis is to provide a critical analysis of the received theory of IS strategy and to suggest an integrative framework (Resource-Based Perspective) for the analysis of IS strategy for competitive advantage. The thesis uses a detailed case study to serve as an empirical reference for testing the efficacy of the received IS theory and for developing an improved theoretical perspective. Such a Resource-Based Perspective integrates some aspects of the received theory with other insights taken from the literature of strategy and organisation outside the IS field. In the literature review chapters, the thesis attempts to challenge the often hidden assumptions behind the mainstream approaches to IS strategy (with regard to three inter-related concepts: technology, strategy and organisation) and offers alternative (complementary) mind-sets for these three concepts. In terms of empirical analysis, the results of an in-depth, qualitative, longitudinal and contextual case study over a period of 30 months within one of the large utility companies in the UK, demonstrate that there was a partial fit between the received approaches. to IS strategy and parts of the case study. But there were some areas of mis-match. These were: a lack of adequate alignment between the content and process of IS strategy; adoption of unitary perspective of the organisation and lack of appreciation of firm-specific context, and insufficient attention paid to the focus of IS strategy, in particular to core competencies. The Resource-Based analysis of the case study evidence, however, provides a better fit between theory and practice. The integrative perspective better explains the dynamic alignment of the content, process and context of IS strategy, and the evolution of the strategic resources and core competencies which confer competitive advantage
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Nel, Petrus Abel. "A competitive advantage through information management." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/49667.
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Ryan, Cynthia A. (Cynthia Anne) 1961. "Sustainable competitive advantage through information technology." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/9193.
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Thesis (M.B.A.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Sloan School of Management, 2000.Also available online on DSpace at MIT.
Includes bibliographical references (leaf 48).
This paper discusses the difficulty of achieving sustainable competitive advantage through information technology. While information technology proliferates and innovations arise frequently, few companies have been able to use IT to remain leaders in their industries. Using a framework proposed by Michael Scott Morton, this paper examines how one firm, Capital One Financial, has created sustainable competitive advantage through a powerful combination of its information technology, strategic planning, and organizational design. The first section provides an introduction and information about the Scott Morton framework. Section two provides background information about the credit card industry and Capital One;s history. The third section analyzes why Capital One's advantage has been sustainable to date and includes discussion of strategic, economic, organizational and technical reasons. Section four analyzes the risks to Capital One's advantage in the future and includes discussion of technicalogical risks, organizational risks and customer risks. The final section includes a summary and some conclusions.
by Cynthia A. Ryan.
M.B.A.
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Petcavage, Sheila. "Applying Costing Models for Competitive Advantage." ScholarWorks, 2016. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/1915.
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Making good supply management decisions is essential to competing in the global market, as these decisions often account for more than 60% of the average company's total costs. The purpose for this single case study was to explore the strategy that a large manufacturing firm in northeast Ohio used to identify costs when making effective purchasing decisions. The total cost of ownership (TCO) theory was the conceptual framework for the study. The data collection included a semistructured interview with a senior level supply manager and a focus group consisting of mid-level supply managers. Member checking provided verification of the interpreted participants' responses. Methodological triangulation included 2 company documents pertinent to the supply management department that resulted in 4 emerging themes: identifying total costs, tools for implementing TCO, supplier rating and management, and detailed recordkeeping. The findings of this study revealed a simpler approach to capturing and organizing data than was acknowledged in the literature reviewed. The findings showed TCO supported purchasing decisions that often resulted in domestically or regionally purchased products rather than offshore buys. Therefore, reassessment of true total costs by senior manufacturing supply managers might impact social change as more procurement decisions forego sourcing offshore and bring manufacturing of products back to local communities.
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Nouraei, Bahram, and Duarte Ferreira Angela Filipa. "Enterprise Modeling As a Competitive Advantage." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Företagsekonomiska institutionen, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-413764.
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This paper investigates the contribution of enterprise modeling to the emergence and sustainability of the firm’s competitive advantage using the theoretical model developed by Chandra S. Mishra (2017). Agility, alertness, knowledge integration and business model mechanisms have been identified as the main sources of competitive advantage. Four semi-structured interviews were conducted with experts and senior enterprise modeling consultants with diverse national and international experiences, based on which a qualitative content analysis was done. The study shows that enterprise modeling has an enhancing effect on corporate agility stimulating collaboration and effective communication among organizational members as well as enabling the company to exploit turbulence in the business environment through systematizing and facilitating change management. Enterprise models were also found to be effective for strengthening the firm’s structural capital through stimulating constant problematization of the business model, streamlining the organizational processes and increasing alertness about the procedural inefficiencies and automation potential. However, the understandability of the business model is found to be increased through enterprise modeling at the expense of reducing tacitness. Therefore, more research is needed to confirm the influence of enterprise modeling on the firm’s isolating mechanisms to investigate to what extent enterprise models should be considered as company secrets.
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Raciti, Robert C. "Creating Competitive Advantage With Internet Technology." NSUWorks, 1998. http://nsuworks.nova.edu/gscis_etd/784.
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This study resulted in a paradigm which will enable Fortune 1000 companies to quantify the competitive advantage derived from their Web-based applications. With this model, Information Technology (IT) managers are better equipped to understand the strategic importance of the Web within their business. This author used an instrument called CAPITA (Competitive Advantage Provided by an Information Technology Application) to quantify the Web's effect on the competitive advantage of a company. The CAPITA is an instrument that measures the effect of an IT application on the numerous aspects of competitive advantage (Sethi & King, 1994; Sethi & King, 1991; Sethi, 1988). The CAPITA was used to determine the Web's strategic role in business by analyzing the data collected in this investigation and by comparing this author's research data with data from a previous study conducted by Sethi (1988). The instrument was issued to 1000 senior Information Technology (IT) executives in Fortune 1000 firms. 50 valid responses were received and analyzed.
The data collected in this investigation were analyzed by comparing the Web applications that were developed specifically to create a competitive advantage to those applications that were developed for other purposes. The two group unpaired t test was used to quantify the difference between the two groups. This comparison empirically supports the statement that Web applications can be used to create aspects of competitive advantage. When comparing strategic Web applications to non-strategic Web applications, strategic Web applications were measured to have a greater alignment with organizations' business strategy (12 = .01, one-tailed), a lower cost of marketing the companies' final product (12 = .03, one-tailed), a lower cost of recruiting, hiring, training, development, and compensation of personnel (12 = .05 , one-tailed), a lower cost of interacting and coordinating activities with suppliers (12 = .04, one-tailed), and an improved ability of the primary users to order resources (12 = .02, one-tailed).
A comparison of the data collected in this investigation with data collected from Sethi (1988) in a previous study does not support the statement that Web applications are as strategic as traditional strategic applications. The one group t test was the statistical test used to quantify the difference between the two groups. When compared to web-based applications, traditional strategic applications were determined to have a greater alignment with the organizations' business strategy (12 = .02, one-tailed), and greater top management support for the application (11 = .02, one-tailed). This supports the research literature that suggests that Fortune 1000 firms do not fully understand the strategic importance of Web-based applications (pant & Hsu, 1996; Cronin, 1996a).
The data collected in this author's investigation also provide a benchmark that quantifies the competitive profile for Web applications within Fortune 1000 companies. This benchmark can be used to determine the competitive implications of Web applications within a company by administering the CAPITA instrumentation and comparing the results to the benchmark.
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Devlin, James Francis. "Single competitive markets and competitive advantage in retail financial services." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.320024.
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Kuan, Chan Hong. "Management of information technology for competitive advantage." Thesis, University of Macau, 1996. http://umaclib3.umac.mo/record=b1636729.
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Magnusson, Jonas, and Johan Nilsson. "Designing Innovation of Meanings - A Competitive Advantage." Thesis, Internationella Handelshögskolan, Högskolan i Jönköping, IHH, ESOL (Entrepreneurship, Strategy, Organization, Leadership), 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-15967.
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Design is a resource that could be better utilized by companies in order to create growth and sustainable innovation in the future. Numerous scholars have therefore stressed the importance of forward-looking executives and designers in today’s organizations that realize the importance of design as a differentiator. This research intends to illustrate how innovation of meanings is a future competitive advantage and to show how companies can benefit from design as an innovation tool. New product meanings can be pushed upon the market through proposals, something that is being compared to the traditional user-centred methods where user needs are being scrutinized. The theoretical framework identifies four factors that can be set in relation to any company in order to investigate its stance towards innovation of new meanings. The research is limited to focus on two case companies and complemented by information from Jönköping School of Engineering, being their mutual external source of novel design ideas. The case studies show how the four factors all rely on a vision that supports design and affects the firms’ ability to capitalize on novel ideas found among external sources. This study concludes that a co-occurring search of novel design interpretations and market pull innovations is of highest importance. It further discusses how to interact with external sources in a way that does not block their potential to explore new product meanings.
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Dai, Zong. "IT infrastructure flexibility and sustainable competitive advantage." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.631663.
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This thesis is a study of antecedent and consequent relationship between information technology infrastructure flexibility and competitive advantage in the organizational context, using a case study approach that combines quantitative and qualitative methods. Four American companies were selected for the case study. The companies' IT infrastructures development and implementation of enterprise systems were examined at the firm-level. This study makes three significant contributions. First, it is the first case study of relationship between IT infrastructure flexibility and corporate performance in the MIS literature, and thus it provides some meaningful insights to researchers and managers in the IT areas about the causality that has significant impacts on business performance at the present time and in the future. Second, it provides examples of what and how firms can do to significantly improve their corporate performance by implementing an enterprise information system that typically contains the IT infrastructure flexibility, from strategic. operational and tactical perspectives. The findings impel IT managers to recognize that the enterprise system is much more than a technology issue. Third, the research highlights the future research issues in the field. and particularly the need for managerial IT capacity, ERP implementation competence and learning capacity to become parts of the IT infrastructure capability. There are two major lessons from this study. First, the IT infrastructure is a dynamic and evolving concept. That is, it is business-and-application driven and changing with time, and the same is true for the IT infrastructure flexibility. Second, an enterprise information system is not stand-alone technology, nor the IT infrastructure; they must be integrated with the overall business processes and value chain. Thus, sheer enterprise information system per se can not be a competitive advantage and that IT managers must pay ongoing attention to the strategic direction and details of business requirements and make efforts to implement cross-functional and/or cross-activity integration. A firm will be most successful when it implements ERP system with a well-defined business strategic purpose, or deploys the ERP technology to reconfigure traditional activities and/or processes, or develops its organizational learning capacity to build and/upgrade its employees' knowledge and skills.
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Adam, Hassan Ali. "The ethics programme : a new competitive advantage." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/21433.
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Thesis (MBA)--Stellenbosch University, 2011.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: In the world of business today, the reputation of an organisation matters tremendously. After the global financial crisis in 2008-2009, it has never been more difficult for organisations to maintain a positive reputation. The past decade differs from previous ones, as rules and regulations enforced by regulatory bodies are more rigid, public criticism and expectations are greater and the emotional contracts between employees and leadership are not as strong as they once were. The financial services industry, in South Africa and abroad, has been inundated by unethical behaviour and the global downturn has exacerbated this problem. In light of the revelations that have come to pass worldwide, the magnifying glass has been firmly fixed on companies operating within the financial services sector. The crisis has led to numerous companies questioning and reviewing their own compliance and organisational practices to establish whether they are ethical. In the South African financial services industry there has been a war raging among organisations fighting for market share. With the increased competition levels among businesses, there is a desire to find new and creative ways of achieving competitive advantage. Business ethics, therefore, has become essential in the conducting of any type of business. The competitive advantage of business ethics revolves around the building of relationships with organisational stakeholders based on its integrity, which will maintain these relationships. By establishing an ethics programme, an organisation could enable the management of business ethics in the workplace. Ethics programmes often convey the values of the organisation, making use of policies and codes to guide behaviour and the decision-making process of stakeholders. These programmes could be used, during turbulent times, to maintain a moral path, especially when leaders require a clear moral compass for guidance. This moral compass function is also very helpful for new employees, as they may need to be familiarised with ethically correct behaviour within the organisation that aligns with its values. If employees are satisfied with the ethics programme, it could work as a mechanism to stimulate productivity, teamwork and to motivate personnel. A study was conducted within a private sector organisation in the South African financial services industry with a focus on evaluating the effectiveness of their ethics programme. The findings from the fieldwork established that the ethics programme of the organisation was found to be highly effective, as perceived by both employees and directors. An effective ethics programme means that the ethical culture of the organisation is strong. The findings serve to confirm that, by monitoring the key variables that play an important role in predicting the effectiveness of ethics programmes, organisations can achieve a positive result by knowing what the impact of potentially harmful behaviour can have on the ethical climate and culture. The findings also serve to confirm that an effective ethics programme can become a source of competitive advantage if engaged correctly by the entire organisation. This study may be used to argue that sound business ethics and ethics programmes can be viewed as a new competitive advantage that organisations require for long-term sustainability and business success.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: In vandag se sakewêreld is die reputasie van ’n organisasie geweldig belangrik. Sedert die globale finansiële krisis in 2008-2009 is dit vir organisasies moeiliker as ooit om ’n positiewe reputasie te handhaaf. Die afgelope dekade is anders as die voriges omdat reëls en regulasies wat deur reguleringsliggame afgedwing word, meer rigied is, openbare kritiek en verwagtinge groter is, en die emosionele kontrakte tussen werknemers en leierskap nie meer so sterk is as vroeër nie. Die bedryf van finansiële dienste – in Suid-Afrika en in die buiteland – is erg geteister deur onetiese gedrag, en die globale insinking het dié probleem vererger. In die lig van onthullings wat wêreldwyd plaasvind, word die vergrootglas ferm gerig op maatskappye wat binne-in die finansiëledienste-sektor sake doen. Die krisis het tot gevolg gehad dat talle maatskappye hul eie reëlnakoming en organisatoriese praktyke bevraagteken en hersien om vas te stel of hulle wel eties is. In die Suid-Afrikaanse (SA) finansiëledienste-bedryf het daar onder organisasies ’n oorlog om markaandeel gewoed Met die toenemende vlakke van mededinging onder sake-ondernemings, is daar ’n begeerte om nuwe en kreatiewe maniere te vind om mededingende voordeel te bereik. Sake-etiek het dus noodsaaklik geword om enige soort besigheid te bedryf. Die mededingende voordeel van sake-etiek draai om die bou van verhoudings met organisatoriese aandeelhouers, gebaseer op hul integriteit wat hierdie verhoudings in stand gaan hou. Deur die vestiging van etiese programme kan ’n organisasie die bestuur van sake-etiek in die werkplek moontlik maak. ’n Etiese program dra dikwels die waardes van die organisasie oor met die gebruik van beleid en kodes as riglyne vir gedrag en die besluitnemingsproses van aandeelhouers. Hierdie programme kan in onstuimige tye gebruik word om ’n morele weg te handhaaf, veral wanneer leiers ’n helder morele kompas nodig het vir leiding. Die funksie van hierdie morele kompas is ook baie nuttig vir nuwe werknemers omdat hulle vertroud wil raak met eties korrekte gedrag binne-in die organisasie wat in lyn is met sy waardes. As werknemers tevrede is met die etiese program, kan dit dien as meganisme om produktiwiteit en spanwerk te stimuleer, asook om hulle te motiveer. ’n Studie wat binne-in ’n organisasie in die private sektor van die Suid-Afrikaanse finansiëledienste-bedryf gedoen is, het gefokus op evaluering van die doeltreffendheid van hul etiese program. Die bevindings van die veldwerk het gestaaf dat die etiese program van die organisasie hoogs doeltreffend was, soos waargeneem deur die werknemers en direkteure. ’n Doeltreffende etiese program beteken dat die etiese kultuur van die organisasie sterk is. Die bevindings dien as bevestiging dat, deur die monitering van die belangrikste veranderlikes wat ’n belangrike rol speel in die voorspelling van die doeltreffendheid van etiese programme, organisasies ’n positiewe uitslag kan bereik indien hulle weet wat die impak van potensieel skadelike gedrag op die etiese klimaat en kultuur kan hê. Die bevindings bevestig ook dat ’n doeltreffende etiese program ’n bron van mededingende voordeel kan word as dit korrek deur die hele organisasie omarm word. Hierdie studie kan gebruik word in ’n betoog dat gesonde sake-etiek en etiese programme beskou kan word as ’n nuwe mededingende voordeel wat organisasies benodig vir langtermynvolhoubaarheid en sake-sukses.
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Adkins, Michael Louis. "The internet : strategic implications for competitive advantage /." Thesis, Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1995. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B14041327.
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Tam, Regina Maria. "An evaluation of competitive advantage of Macau banks." Thesis, University of Macau, 1997. http://umaclib3.umac.mo/record=b1636256.
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Dolde, Walter. "US Banks, Competitive Advantage, and the Volcker Rule." Universität Potsdam, 2013. http://opus.kobv.de/ubp/volltexte/2013/6875/.
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1. Porter strategic competitive analysis
2. A Porter analysis of the competitive advantage of banks in business lending and proprietary trading
3. Summary, competitive advantage of banks in business lending and proprietary trading
4. JPMorgan’s “London Whale” speculation
5. A common misapprehension about hedged positions in corporate debt
6. Conclusion
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Chan, Christopher Ching Ann. "Individual team and organizational learning:underpinnings of competitive advantage." Murdoch University, 2002. http://wwwlib.murdoch.edu.au/adt/browse/view/adt-MU20061122.124600.
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Many academicians and practitioners have recognized that organizational learning is a
viable paradigm for contemporary organizations aspiring to attain competitive
advantage in an increasingly turbulent business environment. Despite tremendous
interest in endeavoring to understand the nature of learning organizations, there is a
dearth of empirical evidence to support the anecdotal claims that learning in
organizations results in positive outcomes such as team performance, service quality,
job satisfaction, and organizational commitment. Most studies either focus on the
antecedents and obstacles to learning or speculate how learning produces positive
outcomes. Consequently, the purpose of this research was to examine the interactions
of individual, team and organizational learning and to examine how learning at the three
levels contributed to competitive advantage. In the framework of this study competitive
advantage was conceptualized to be made up of team performance, service quality, job
satisfaction, and organizational commitment.
Accordingly, a cross-sectional study was conducted at a 230-bed capacity Australian
hospital. The study respondents were drawn from all fill time hospital workers -
nurses, executives, managers, professions allied to health, administration and clerical
workers. As the doctors are contracted, they were not surveyed. All respondents
completed a complex questionnaire. In addition to demographic information, the
instruments used in the questionnaire included the Individual Learning Scale (Arnes and
Archer, 1988), Team Learning Survey (Edrnondson, 1996), Organizational Learning Survey (Goh and Richards, 1997), Team Performance Survey (Edmondson, 1996),
SERVQUAL (Parasuraman, Zeithaml, and Berry, 1991), job satisfaction section of the
Job Diagnostic Survey (Hackman and Oldham, 1979, and Organizational Commitment
Questionnaire (Porter, Steers, Mowday, and Boulian, 1976). These instruments were
deliberately chosen because of their previously recorded acceptable psychometric
properties (i.e. validity and reliability) in similar assessments, and hence, they were
considered appropriate for the purpose of this study.
A comprehensive methodology was used to assess the hypotheses. Relevant literature
pertaining to the variables examined in this study was reviewed. In light of the
literature review, a number of hypotheses and a conceptual model were developed. A
quantitative methodology was used to test the proposed hypotheses and qualitative
information was sought to provide some explanation of the results. This pluralist
approach is gaining recognition in contemporary research because of the
complementary nature of qualitative to quantitative methodology (Edmondson, 1996;
Shaffer and Harrison, 2001). In total 700 questionnaires were administered for
completion during a period of two weeks. A total of 189 questionnaires were returned,
generating an overall response rate of 27.0 percent. The lower-than-expected response
rate was a concern, as biasness in results could occur (Churchill, 1991; Hunt, 1990), so
a non-response bias assessment was conducted by comparing early and late respondents
(Rulke, Zaheer, and Anderson, 2000; Wright, 1997). The results indicated no grave
problem with non-response bias, and therefore, the data was deemed suitable for
analyses.
Several statistical procedures were employed to evaluate the data. For example, factor
analyses and reliability analyses were used to assess the psychometric properties of the
scales. The results of psychometric assessments indicated that the scales had good
validities and reliabilities, and the data was robust. Then, path analysis was used to test
the hypotheses, which were developed in Chapter Two. The results of path analysis
indicated that individual learning was negatively related to team learning, two service
quality facets, and two organizational learning facets. Also, the predictions that team
learning would enhance organizational learning and team performance were fully
supported. Furthermore, the relationships between organizational learning and three
relevant outcomes (job satisfaction, organizational commitment, and service quality)
received some support. Finally, it was found that three job satisfaction facets were
related to organizational commitment. Implications for these findings are
comprehensively discussed in the implications section of Chapter Five.
A feature of this study is the use of informal focus groups to improve the understanding
of statistical results. The Quality Coordinator of the hospital organized seven sessions
and every employee was invited to attend. Each session lasted fifteen to twenty
minutes. The Chief Executive Officer, who attended most the sessions, displayed
tremendous interest and support for the study. There were two objectives for the
informal discussions. Firstly, this strategy allowed a better interpretation of the results
from the mindsets of some employees. During the sessions, attendees were asked to
recall instances that support the findings. Secondly, the session allowed staff members
to discuss any job-related issues with the Quality Coordinator and Chief Executive Officer. Indeed, as suggested by contemporary management researchers (Bond, Fu, and
Pasa, 2001; de Ruyter, Moorman, and Lemrnink, 2001; Teagarden, Von Glinow,
Bowen, Frayne, Nason, Huo, Milliman, Arias, Butler, Geringer, Kim, Scullion, Lowe,
and Drost, 1995), this informal qualitative approach was complementary to the
statistical method.
The study represents an original attempt to empirically examine the individual, team
and organizational learning constructs and their outcomes. Discussion of results is
preceded by a review of the outcomes of individual learning, which include team
learning, organizational learning, and service quality. Next, the outcomes of team
learning, such as organizational learning, team performance and service quality, are
discussed. Subsequently, the effects of organizational learning on job satisfaction,
organizational commitment and service quality are discussed. The discussion is
concluded with explanations for the reciprocal relationship between the affective
variables of job satisfaction and organizational commitment as well as the effects of the
two variables on service quality. Following the discussion of results, the limitations and
strengths of the study are presented. Finally, suggestions for future research are
provided.
A number of theoretical and practical contributions have resulted from this study.
These can be broadly summarized to include four features. The first contribution of
this study is an advancement of the currently available knowledge about individual,
team and organizational learning by empirically examining the linkages. A second contribution of the study is an assessment of the appropriateness of the Individual
Learning Survey, Team Learning Survey, Organizational Learning Survey, and the
SERVQUAL instrument in assessing learning capabilities and service quality in the
context of an Australian hospital, with the potential of a wider application across the
health care industry. Next, evidence supporting the organizational learning facets that
have contributed to employee attitude and behavior, such as job satisfaction and
organizational commitment, may help bolster arguments for initiatives to improve the
quality of life of health care staff. Finally, identifying the organizational learning facets
that have contributed to service quality has the potential to encourage hospital
management to incorporate human resource policies into operational plans to improve
service quality. Implications of the findings for managers and theory developments are
discussed comprehensively in Chapter Five.
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Allan, Andrew C. "The determinants of competitive advantage : a critical appraisal." Thesis, University of St Andrews, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/2887.
Full textAbstract:
The thesis deals with the means whereby a firm can gain a competitive advantage over its rivals. After considering how this issue is dealt with in the management literature, the thesis focuses on two possible routes to competitive advantage. The first is largely internal to the firm, and concerns the design of managerial contracts to provide managers with the incentives to act in the best interests of shareholders. The second route is external, involving strategic market moves in relation to rival firms. These two possible routes to competitive advantage are appraised in light of recent theoretical developments in 1principal-agent analysis the internal route, and the new industrial economics the external route. The final section of the thesis is empirical and deals with the share price experience of the top 100 U. K. companies since 1970. The econometric notion of cointegration is employed to test for the existence of sustained competitive advantage. The tentative conclusion reached is that while companies may be able to achieve a sustained competitive advantage, the compensation contracts employed have not been a successful means of obtaining such advantage. The suggestion is that external routes to competitive advantage might be more effective.
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Ambrosini, Veronique. "Tacit routines as a source of competitive advantage." Thesis, Cranfield University, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.391573.
Full text
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Ye, Cing-Yi, and 葉清沂. "A Study of Building IoT Industry Competitive Advantage of Nations." Thesis, 2016. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/76125915447067882359.
Full textAbstract:
碩士中原大學
工業與系統工程研究所
104
Information and Communication Technology (ICT), the key element in developing the economy and defense, has made Taiwan better than anywhere else; however, under the intense competition in globally focused Asia-Pacific areas, Taiwan is gradually losing these advantages and is marginalized because of its own technological barriers. Yet, with the consideration for their economic development, other governments have intensively focused on the Industry 4.0 standard for products with artificial intelligence. Therefore, these worldwide Nations have realized that the IoT can be utilized in many ways, such as Human Machine practice, unmanned battlefield, enhancement of the logistic preparation level, and meeting the demand of the evolving IoT. As a result of these intelligent products, these worldwide governments can promote their competitiveness and innovative advantages. In Taiwan, the forward planning of the IoT has been used to meet the needs of the knowledge economy era of digital innovation. The continued development and evolution of related technologies, derived from human wisdom for the immediate needs of interactive services, lead innovative thinking. These developments have laid the foundation using IPv6 and 5G, the development of VR, and the Big Data and Cloud Computing, and in 2020, the results will begin to be seen. One of the benefits of quantum technology is that it will make things a complete faithful implementation of the concept of wisdom and can be regarded as an important transitional period to meet the rise of artificial intelligence. Currently, the universal IoT protocols are not defined, so the Taiwanese government could use this opportunity to set foot in the global IoT industrial chain, implementing policies to strengthen the development of the domestic software industry and enhancing the industrial design standard with techniques of hardware, software and application service systems to inspire solutions that build a complete industrial structure and create new competitive advantages, which will be the future of the networking industry. In addition to the developing process of IoT, the semiconductor industry will allow the midstream ICT related companies to grow, but the downstream consumer electronics industries should be aware of negative rates. In the end, the actions of M &; A among international enterprises caused by IoT will prompt a generation of universal IoT protocols on the market as the potentials of the IoT industry grow and the market emerges.
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Shee, Hock Chin, and 甄樹福. "The Competitive Advantage And Competitive Strategy of Taiwanese Manufacturer In Mainland China, Competitive Advantage of Nations Perspective-A Study of Machine Tools Industry." Thesis, 2004. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/03828046994757999049.
Full textAbstract:
碩士東海大學
管理碩士學程在職進修專班
92
Abstract Owing to the impact of “Go West” investment and Mainland China’s open door policy under WTO regulation, the Machine Tools Industry in Taiwan faces intense competition compare to the past. Focusing on the competitive advantage of Taiwanese Machine Tools industry in Chang-Ching Delta, this study attempts to figure out a theoretical framework based on Porter’s diamond theory. To date, little empirical research has focused on this issue, this study conducted an exploratory research, involving literature survey, documentary analysis and firm interview. Samples encompassed within the strait, Mainland China and Taiwan. For the development of competitive strategy, this study focused on the strategic advantage of six factors, including (1)Chance, (2)Government, (3)Demand conditions, (4)Factor conditions (5)Related and supporting industries (6)Firm strategy, structure and rivalry. Meanwhile, the interaction of each key factor is also taken into account. Key words：Machine Tools , Competitive Strategy, Diamond Theory
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HAIPENG, XING, and 邢海鵬. "The Comparison and Cooperation between China and Russia’s Agriculture：Based on Competitive Advantage of Nations." Thesis, 2014. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/11412763532138326732.
Full textAbstract:
碩士逢甲大學
國際貿易學系
102
Food security has become an important part of the national security strategy in China. Its huge demand means that it cannot rely on imports, but only on itself. Mainly, China shall make great efforts to improve its agricultural competitiveness. Simultaneity, actively participate in international cooperation to give play to the supplementary and regulatory role of the international market. China&;#39;s participation in international cooperation is not a &;quot;zero sum game&;quot;. The improvement of agricultural competitive advantage in the partner countries benefit themselves at first, and then followed by China to share the benefit. Finally, it is conducive to enhance global food security. Only when global food security is guaranteed, China’s import more or less will not be a problem of concern to the international community. Among verities of researches on industries competitive advantages, M. Porter’s competitive advantage of nations has great influence to the world in the last nearly thirty years. Based on this theory, with the help of PCA statistic research method this study compared the agricultural competitive advantages in China and in Russia in the period from 1995 to 2012 years, and found the sources of their competitiveness. At last some advices were given to facilitate the cooperation in agriculture between the two countries.
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Weng, Chia-Hsiang, and 翁佳祥. "A Case Study of Competitive Advantage of Nations on Analog IC Companies in USA，Taiwan & China." Thesis, 2009. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/97769913107085864339.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立臺灣大學
企業管理碩士專班
97
There are more and more analog IC companies established in Taiwan. Approximately 10 of them are now traded in the public market and still dozens of analog IC companies are not publicly listed. This thesis conducts in-depth study on the competitive advantage of nations of analog IC companies in USA，Taiwan and China. One leading analog IC company is selected respectively from each target nation to conduct the study. One top level manager from each company is interviewed to obtain insight views of the future prospect and industrial trend of analog IC companies in Taiwan，further to understand the strategic position of these leading companies. This study is based on Porter’s Five Forces and Diamond Model to discuss the current industrial status and competition of analog IC companies in USA，Taiwan and China. The author conducts interviews with top managers from Texas Instruments Incorporated of USA，Richtek Technology Corporation of Taiwan and Hangzhou Silan Microelectronics Co. of China to obtain insights of the competitive edge，industrial position，product strategies，obstacles ahead and possible solutions. This thesis will discuss and compare the competitive advantages of the analog IC companies of USA，Taiwan and China in three perspectives: A. National perspective; B. Industrial; C. Individual company.
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Chen, Shu-Hsiu, and 陳抒秀. "The Dynamic Capability of Nations：Revisit the National Competitive Advantage." Thesis, 2013. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/89915093150396573853.
Full textAbstract:
碩士輔仁大學
國際經營管理碩士學位學程
101
On the condition of knowledge-based economy, the issue of dynamic capabilities had been widely discussed all the time. Moreover, the dynamic capabilities of organizations had been regarded as the key elements to enhance both company competitiveness and performance. However, there are very few scholars that discuss the causal relationship between Sensing, Seizing, and Transforming in microfoundations of dynamic capabilities. In addition, there are very few research projects that apply the dynamic capability framework to the national level. Therefore, in order to build an appropriate theoretical framework, we use the Institute for Management Development (IMD) database (2012) as a research sample. The purpose of this study is to clarify the relationship between dynamic capabilities of nations and national competitiveness, as well as the causal relationship between different dynamic capabilities; with the hope to provide more references for companies when they encounter FDI location choices.
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Jan, Pei-Syun, and 詹沛&;#21234. "Cloud computing e-readiness for nation competitive advantage strategy cluster." Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/15212412578045790167.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立交通大學
管理學院經營管理學程
99
It is the key topic for cloud computing for national industry development strategy in new global economy. This paper describes the purpose of this study is to find out common factors for cloud computer of nation competitiveness , construct assessment method and nation strategic cluster. This paper get the data from world bank & CIA world database and research object from WEF2010-2011 ranking top 50 and follow Tang and Liou(2010) research base . The finding for data analysis is by factor analysis to extract 6 common factors and 6 nation groups by cluster analysis. The empirical result finding 6 common factors are : information communication technology , energy resource , infrastructure, market size, economic freedom and telecommunication investment ; and 6 strategic groups are : marketing leading , infrastructure group, behind group, ordinary group, follow group , leading group by 2 steps cluster analysis.
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Sue-Ming, Hsu, and 許書銘. "Analysis on the Development of International Competitiveness of Industries and Its Affecting Factors — Competitive Advantage of Nations Perspective." Thesis, 2000. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/11319487460606201518.
Full textAbstract:
博士國立臺灣大學
商學研究所
88
In analyzing competitiveness, recent researches have, in response to globalization, gradually shifted their focus from firm level to industrial and national level. Following this trend, this thesis investigates the impact of industrial and national factors on the international competitiveness of industries, based on the perspective of nations’ competitive advantage. In the development of international competitiveness of industries, the results show that, within a country, there exists a certain sequence of development for industries. Furthermore, for countries within the same region, the development of competitiveness for related industries are inter-linked, indicating that shifts in comparative advantages would result in international horizontal specialization and the further development of competitiveness in the same region. The following of flying-geese pattern in East Asia and America illustrates this phenomenon. Within different countries in the same region, industries can be divided into several groups. The development of competitiveness within the groups is quite similar while that across groups are significantly different. Both in East Asia and America, the international horizontal specialization among different groups has significant impact on their international competitiveness. In addition, the differences in competitiveness for ‘total manufacturing’ among countries have diminished. In other words, it shows a convergence in competitiveness for manufacturing in the long run. Contrast to manufacturing sector, the variation of total agriculture competitiveness did not converge until mid-1980s. It is, however, worthwhile to see whether agriculture sector would follow the pattern of development of manufacturing in the future. With regard to the factors affecting international competitiveness of industries, previous studies have based mainly on Porter’s Diamond Model, which focuses on domestic factors. By incorporating international factors into Porter’s Diamond model, this thesis demonstrates that the integration of factors from both domestic and global level could provide better explanations on international competitiveness of industries among different countries. The indices generated in this study indicate that variations in the impact of strength of domestic and international diamonds on international competitiveness of industries exist among industries and regions as well as at different development stages. Generally speaking, the more technology intensive an industry is or the more labor intensive a country is, the more impact strength of international diamond has on their international competitiveness. Meanwhile, different factors play different roles in different models. According to our results, there is a positive correlation between international competitiveness of industries and factor conditions, domestic and international suppliers, and international demand. In the case of technology intensive industries, freer market and larger investment increase international competitiveness. Based on our analysis, we conclude that policies that will increase Taiwan''''s international competitiveness may include encouraging investment, consolidating international horizontal specialization especially in East Asia, adding more value to products, encouraging competitions among high technology industries, etc.
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Yang, Deli, M. Sonmez, and P. Ghauri. "Competitive analysis of the software industry in China." 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/3399.
Full textAbstract:
NoThe software industry in the People's Republic of China has been growing rapidly over the last decades and has played a significant role in the economy. Alongside the industrial development, it appears that a comprehensive competitiveness assessment of this growing industry needs to be conducted. This paper draws on Porter's ''diamond'' theory of competitive advantage of nations and the suggested improvements of the framework from relevant scholars to assess the growing competitiveness of China's software industry. In particular, the focus is on the role of government policies and corporate strategies in shaping the competitiveness of the industry in China in comparison to the top players in the world. Specifically, the paper pays attention to the competitiveness of industry in China as to how and why it has developed the way it has in recent years and what have been the facilitating and impeding factors that has strengthened or weakened the industrial development. In the discussion and conclusions, the overall competitiveness status of China's software industry is evaluated and the diamond framework is reappraised in light of the industrial analysis and the previous research.