Dissertations / Theses: 'The condition of investigative journalism'

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Kohler, Rachel. "Supporting Open Source Investigative Journalism with Crowdsourced Image Geolocation." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/78697.

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Journalists rely on image and video verification to support their investigations and often utilize open source tools to verify user generated content, but current practice requires experts be involved in every step of the process. Additionally, lacking custom tools to support verification efforts, experts are often limited to the utility of existing, openly available tools, which may or may not support the interactions and information gathering they require. We aim to support the process of geolocating images and videos through crowdsourcing. By enabling crowd workers to participate in the geolocation process, we can provide investigative journalists with efficient and complete verification of image locations. Parallelizing searching speeds up the verification process as well as provides a more extensive search, all while allowing the expert to follow up on other leads or investigative work. We produced a software prototype called GroundTruth which enables crowd workers to support investigative journalists in the geolocation of visual media quickly and accurately. Additionally, this work contributes experimental results demonstrating how the crowd can be utilized to support complex sensemaking tasks.
Master of Science

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O'Neill, Eamonn Patrick. "Investigative journalism after Watergate in the USA and UK : a comparative study in professional practice." Thesis, University of Strathclyde, 2010. http://oleg.lib.strath.ac.uk:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=11901.

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Dickinson, Lauren A. "The Strength of State Government Reporting| How In-Depth News and Investigative Coverage by Six U.S. Newspapers Fared from 2005 Through 2014." Thesis, The George Washington University, 2016. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10124762.

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America’s legacy media institutions, particularly print newspapers, experienced transformational change from 2005 through 2014. The Internet’s rise as an advertising competitor, coupled with an historic economic downturn beginning in 2007, led to crippling financial hardship. In response, many newspapers slashed budgets, staff, and content. These trends raise lasting concerns about the vitality of American journalism. Previous research documents the industry’s financial woes, explores implications for its future, and proposes reforms. This study contributes to the literature by examining how news content changed during this unique period. Specifically, it assesses how state government reporting by six U.S. publications—California’s The Sacramento Bee and Los Angeles Times, Florida’s Tallahassee Democrat and Tampa Bay Times, and Pennsylvania’s The Philadelphia Inquirer and The Patriot-News—fared from 2005-14. A systematic content analysis of more than 4,000 articles measured two key indicators of journalistic strength over time: (1) the volume of in-depth news articles, and (2) the amount of investigative coverage. The research shows that across the six outlets, in-depth news pieces declined 30 percent from 2005-14, and investigative coverage dropped 17 percent. Half of the outlets experienced three or more consecutive years without any investigative coverage of state government. Below these topline trends, however, was a great deal of variation by outlet and year. These findings empirically support what media scholars and observers alike have suspected: The financial crises of the preceding decade diluted news content. More importantly, they underpin concerns that powerful actors are making critical choices on behalf of citizens with weaker media watchdogs holding them accountable.

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Vodanovich, Jonathan Ante. "A critical investigation of the Landmark Education phenomenon." AUT University, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10292/906.

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This thesis explores Landmark Education, an American personal development company which claims to transform lives for the better. The purpose of this work is to analyse the pros and cons of various participants and professionals connected with Landmark Education. This work has been carried out as a piece of investigative journalism and reflects the principles of this field. Chapter one addresses contemporary criticisms of Landmark and outlines the main points of the investigation which will be analysed and debated in chapter three. Chapter two gives a historical background to the self-help and personal development realm that Landmark belongs to. This chapter is more informative in tone and provides an indepth discussion on est, the company to precede Landmark. Chapter three is the investigative component of this thesis and contains interviews of Landmark supporters and critics. These include former and current participants of Landmark Education, as well as professionals of clinical psychology and the personal coaching fields. This chapter primarily addresses issues connected with critical claims that Landmark is a cult. The thesis is accompanied by a supporting exegesis which outlines the relevant theoretical, historical, critical and design contexts and also seeks to defend both the applied research methodology and theoretical base.

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Backlund, Benjamin. "“The government is watching – don’t step on their toes” : An investigation of the press freedom and the working conditions for journalists in Tanzania." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för kultur- och medievetenskaper, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-158136.

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According to reports from Reporters sans frontiers and Freedom House, the freedom of the press has declined during the recent years in the sub-Saharan country Tanzania. Using the human rights reports as an entry point, this study set out to investigate the working conditions for journalists in the capital de facto of Tanzania, Dar es Salaam. An important aim was to dig deeper and show the local and culturally specific conditions. The study supports that the press freedom, as well as the working conditions have declined during the last years for the journalists in Dar es Salaam. However, the study also shows that the new laws and government measures, described by the human rights reports as reducing the press freedom, is not considered by every journalist to be negative. The challenges differ among the corps of journalists, as their values of journalism differs. The greatest denominator among the informants was the high-degree of journalistic interventionism, directed at helping the society. In some cases, this took form as a practice of development journalism. The strong connections to the local community, the country and the religious affiliations are thought to contribute to these values. For journalists in private media, the press freedom was found to be the most acute problem, while for journalists in state-owned media it was economic issues. The press freedom was connected to the perceived job autonomy, and senior journalists and journalists working for international media were found to be more autonomous. Self-censorship was used by many in the private media sector as a tool to avoid both bureaucratic harassment from government, as well as violent repercussions. The main challenges included new restricting laws, economic issues which lead to the practice of brown envelopes, the parliament being located in Dodoma, gender-issues, scared sources and the advancement of social media. Theories and earlier research evolving from the values of journalism and journalism in Africa were used as tools to understand and compare with. The results are based on fieldwork conducted during a period of two months in the beginning of 2019, with qualitative interviews held with journalists in the city of Dar es Salaam.

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Senator, Rasmus, and Andreas Westerlind. "Sportjournalister – inte lika bra på att gräva? : En kvalitativ intervjustudie om synen på objektivitetsidealet och kritisk granskning inom sportjournalistiken." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för kultur- och medievetenskaper, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-118838.

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The purpose of this study is to investigate the view of the ideal of objectivity in sports journalism and other factors that can effect a journalists terms to their journalistic ethic such as the commercialization, investigative journalism and their relationship to their sources. The purpose is further to investigate if these different factors differ on a national- or local level of sports journalism. For this study we have chosen the method of a qualitative interview, where six sports journalists and two news editors are included. The interviews have been deducted with help of an interview guide, which has been used the same way the journalists that’s been interview. This particular field of journalism studies is yet to be discovered in a bigger scale. Therefore, this study has used a great bit of earlier research and also three different theories to help us in answering the purpose of the study and our question formulation; News management, Media logic and the Swedish exchange-theory. The result of the study shows that there are some differences in how journalists on a national- and a local newspaper view the importance of investigative journalism, relationships with their sources and how they apply the ideal of objectivity in their role as a journalist. The study also shows that commercialization of the sports industry has an impact on sport journalism were several new actors such as public relation-experts and organizations want to effect the media and “sell” their product to the newspapers.

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Bensemann, Paul Morel. "Restraints on reporting conflict in West Papua." Thesis, University of Canterbury. Media and Communication, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/9123.

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This is as much an experiment in investigative reporting as it is a thesis. It explores the possibility of carrying out “research journalism” on a specific issue in a New Zealand academic environment, after a failure to complete the mission within newsrooms. The thesis debates theoretical and practical “restraints” to reporting this conflict and New Zealand’s role in it. Such restraints might include the degree of conservatism and intractability in Western traditions and practices of both the mainstream media, and of the other potential “commentating power”, universities.

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Palfreman, Jon. "Communicating controversy in the mass media." Thesis, University of South Wales, 2005. https://pure.southwales.ac.uk/en/studentthesis/communicating-controversy-in-the-mass-media(65320260-4d82-4ec9-82ac-a7cf363f0e13).html.

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This doctoral submission grew out of a series of long form documentaries that I wrote, produced, and directed between 1993 and the present. The films, which were broadcast on US television's PBS network, all deal with scientific, medical, or environmental issues that developed into prominent national and international controversies. DVDs and scripts of the seven programs are provided along with a detailed overview. The submission is organized as three projects and an overview. 1. Project One (discussed in chapters 3-7) consists of three documentaries: the first about a novel therapy for autism ; the second dealing with the alleged health effects of power line electromagnetic fields ; and the third focused on the silicone breast implant controversy. 2. Project Two (discussed in chapters 8-11) consists of programs on nuclear energy, Gulf War Syndrome, and genetically modified foods. 3. Project Three (discussed in chapters 12-14) features a two-hour special investigation of global warming. 4. The Overview, Communicating Controversy in the Mass Media not only provides an overarching analysis of the portfolio of films and the attendant theoretical issues, but also serves to summarize the works themselves. In the Project sections of the written overview (chapters 3-14), the analysis is interwoven with extracts from the various documentaries. This portfolio and overview tells the evolving story of a body of work at the intersection of documentary, investigative journalism and science. It reveals the journey of one producer who started out with an interest in unpacking complex controversies, but became increasingly fascinated with the psychological and political dimensions of these narratives. Whether a particular controversial belief holds up under scrutiny is undoubtedly important. But there are other fascinating questions: why do people adopt such beliefs in the first place; why do individuals cling to their beliefs in the face of contrary scientific evidence; and what roles do special interests and the media play in amplifying or attenuating the public's hopes and fears? This portfolio and overview, therefore, not only examine a series of high profile controversies, but go further by: explaining the process by which these topics were turned into documentaries; exploring the way humans analyze, perceive and communicate benefits and risks; and critically examining the validity and ethical standing of modern television journalism. This submission represents a significant contribution to knowledge in several ways. First this series of in-depth, original investigations of environmental and health controversies from one producer is unparalleled in broadcast journalism. Second, the overview's analysis synthesizes and extends a wide range of social science research on risk assessment, risk perception and risk communication and applies this research to the featured controversies and the media's role in them. Third, the portfolio and overview reveal how a blend of documentary, journalism and science is an especially effective way of advancing public understanding of and engagement with modern scientific controversies and goes on to suggest some exciting new directions for communicators. Finally, the case studies in this portfolio provide a basis of knowledge about how communicators can effectively use audiovisual media to navigate the world of risks and benefits that permeates many of society's most crucial policy dilemmas.

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Médoc, Nicolas. "A visual analytics approach for multi-resolution and multi-model analysis of text corpora : application to investigative journalism." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017USPCB042/document.

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À mesure que la production de textes numériques croît exponentiellement, un besoin grandissant d’analyser des corpus de textes se manifeste dans beaucoup de domaines d’application, tant ces corpus constituent des sources inépuisables d’information et de connaissance partagées. Ainsi proposons-nous dans cette thèse une nouvelle approche de visualisation analytique pour l’analyse de corpus textuels, mise en œuvre pour les besoins spécifiques du journalisme d’investigation. Motivées par les problèmes et les tâches identifiés avec une journaliste d’investigation professionnelle, les visualisations et les interactions ont été conçues suivant une méthodologie centrée utilisateur, impliquant l’utilisateur durant tout le processus de développement. En l’occurrence, les journalistes d’investigation formulent des hypothèses, explorent leur sujet d’investigation sous tous ses angles, à la recherche de sources multiples étayant leurs hypothèses de travail. La réalisation de ces tâches, très fastidieuse lorsque les corpus sont volumineux, requiert l’usage de logiciels de visualisation analytique se confrontant aux problématiques de recherche abordées dans cette thèse. D’abord, la difficulté de donner du sens à un corpus textuel vient de sa nature non structurée. Nous avons donc recours au modèle vectoriel et son lien étroit avec l’hypothèse distributionnelle, ainsi qu’aux algorithmes qui l’exploitent pour révéler la structure sémantique latente du corpus. Les modèles de sujets et les algorithmes de biclustering sont efficaces pour l’extraction de sujets de haut niveau. Ces derniers correspondent à des groupes de documents concernant des sujets similaires, chacun représenté par un ensemble de termes extraits des contenus textuels. Une telle structuration par sujet permet notamment de résumer un corpus et de faciliter son exploration. Nous proposons une nouvelle visualisation, une carte pondérée des sujets, qui dresse une vue d’ensemble des sujets de haut niveau. Elle permet d’une part d’interpréter rapidement les contenus grâce à de multiples nuages de mots, et d’autre part, d’apprécier les propriétés des sujets telles que leur taille relative et leur proximité sémantique. Bien que l’exploration des sujets de haut niveau aide à localiser des sujets d’intérêt ainsi que leur voisinage, l’identification de faits précis, de points de vue ou d’angles d’analyse, en lien avec un événement ou une histoire, nécessite un niveau de structuration plus fin pour représenter des variantes de sujet. Cette structure imbriquée révélée par Bimax, une méthode de biclustering basée sur des motifs avec chevauchement, capture au sein des biclusters les co-occurrences de termes partagés par des sous-ensembles de documents pouvant dévoiler des faits, des points de vue ou des angles associés à des événements ou des histoires communes. Cette thèse aborde les problèmes de visualisation de biclusters avec chevauchement en organisant les biclusters terme-document en une hiérarchie qui limite la redondance des termes et met en exergue les parties communes et distinctives des biclusters. Nous avons évalué l’utilité de notre logiciel d’abord par un scénario d’utilisation doublé d’une évaluation qualitative avec une journaliste d’investigation. En outre, les motifs de co-occurrence des variantes de sujet révélées par Bima. sont déterminés par la structure de sujet englobante fournie par une méthode d’extraction de sujet. Cependant, la communauté a peu de recul quant au choix de la méthode et son impact sur l’exploration et l’interprétation des sujets et de ses variantes. Ainsi nous avons conduit une expérience computationnelle et une expérience utilisateur contrôlée afin de comparer deux méthodes d’extraction de sujet. D’un côté Coclu. est une méthode de biclustering disjointe, et de l’autre, hirarchical Latent Dirichlet Allocation (hLDA) est un modèle de sujet probabiliste dont les distributions de probabilité forment une structure de bicluster avec chevauchement. (...)
As the production of digital texts grows exponentially, a greater need to analyze text corpora arises in various domains of application, insofar as they constitute inexhaustible sources of shared information and knowledge. We therefore propose in this thesis a novel visual analytics approach for the analysis of text corpora, implemented for the real and concrete needs of investigative journalism. Motivated by the problems and tasks identified with a professional investigative journalist, visualizations and interactions are designed through a user-centered methodology involving the user during the whole development process. Specifically, investigative journalists formulate hypotheses and explore exhaustively the field under investigation in order to multiply sources showing pieces of evidence related to their working hypothesis. Carrying out such tasks in a large corpus is however a daunting endeavor and requires visual analytics software addressing several challenging research issues covered in this thesis. First, the difficulty to make sense of a large text corpus lies in its unstructured nature. We resort to the Vector Space Model (VSM) and its strong relationship with the distributional hypothesis, leveraged by multiple text mining algorithms, to discover the latent semantic structure of the corpus. Topic models and biclustering methods are recognized to be well suited to the extraction of coarse-grained topics, i.e. groups of documents concerning similar topics, each one represented by a set of terms extracted from textual contents. We provide a new Weighted Topic Map visualization that conveys a broad overview of coarse-grained topics by allowing quick interpretation of contents through multiple tag clouds while depicting the topical structure such as the relative importance of topics and their semantic similarity. Although the exploration of the coarse-grained topics helps locate topic of interest and its neighborhood, the identification of specific facts, viewpoints or angles related to events or stories requires finer level of structuration to represent topic variants. This nested structure, revealed by Bimax, a pattern-based overlapping biclustering algorithm, captures in biclusters the co-occurrences of terms shared by multiple documents and can disclose facts, viewpoints or angles related to events or stories. This thesis tackles issues related to the visualization of a large amount of overlapping biclusters by organizing term-document biclusters in a hierarchy that limits term redundancy and conveys their commonality and specificities. We evaluated the utility of our software through a usage scenario and a qualitative evaluation with an investigative journalist. In addition, the co-occurrence patterns of topic variants revealed by Bima. are determined by the enclosing topical structure supplied by the coarse-grained topic extraction method which is run beforehand. Nonetheless, little guidance is found regarding the choice of the latter method and its impact on the exploration and comprehension of topics and topic variants. Therefore we conducted both a numerical experiment and a controlled user experiment to compare two topic extraction methods, namely Coclus, a disjoint biclustering method, and hierarchical Latent Dirichlet Allocation (hLDA), an overlapping probabilistic topic model. The theoretical foundation of both methods is systematically analyzed by relating them to the distributional hypothesis. The numerical experiment provides statistical evidence of the difference between the resulting topical structure of both methods. The controlled experiment shows their impact on the comprehension of topic and topic variants, from analyst perspective. (...)

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Jauhola, Anna Elina. "Representation of investigative journalism on film: : Comparative textual analysis of two Hollywood movies’ approach to journalistic core values." Thesis, Örebro universitet, Institutionen för humaniora, utbildnings- och samhällsvetenskap, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-64836.

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This dissertation discusses the representation of investigative journalism in two Hollywood films produced between 2009 and 2015. The films in question are Spotlight (2015) and State of Play (2009). Investigative reporting and its practices are being discussed by using academic literature and previous research as the foundation of the study, followed by a discussion about the chosen research method: textual analysis. The textual analysis is conducted by concentrating specifically on three core journalistic practices of objectivity, use of sources and news values, and how these practices are represented in the films. The three core practices are teased out by using specific sequences from the movies in a form of images. The results of the analysis are then contrasted towards the existing literature discussed in the literature review. By using the means of textual analysis, the study found that both films are relying on stereotypes about journalism yet certain ‘reality’ about journalism can be found in these films. The journalists are in many cases shown as outcasts yet heroic figures who conduct thorough investigation and inform the public. In both films, the profession of investigative journalism is legitimized, and the journalists are depicted as the watchdogs of the society. Both movies lay much importance on the individual reporters and the investigation processes: processes that are rare in real newsrooms. This further enhances the mythic and overly positive, romanticized representation on journalism in films. As the study was based on textual analysis only, its nature was qualitative and interpretative. Future studies could include, yet not be limited to, adding another method and through this, to further deepen the research about journalism in films. Areas of research could include films produced in the 21st century and more specifically, films about journalism in the digital era.

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Pule, Kediretswe. "Obstacles faced by news journalists in investigative reporting: analysis of four Botswana newspapers, June 2008 - October 2008." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/869.

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In this research study, the researcher investigates obstacles faced by news journalists in investigative journalism in a democracy as experienced in Botswana. Investigative journalism and democracy have a symbiotic relationship. This relationship serves to make the public sensitive about, and aware of, injustices and undemocratic practices and it could, ultimately, contribute significantly to the process of democratization (Faure 2005: 155). Unfortunately, in their endeavor to keep up with the ethos of investigative journalism, journalists meet obstacles that range from legal to financial issues. The author investigates those factors that reporters in Botswana rate as having the greatest impact on their investigative efforts. The study also assesses the attitudes of journalists in the country towards the roles and responsibilities of the fourth estate, which supports investigative reporting. Investigative journalism is centered on disclosure, described by six elements: public interest, theme, accuracy, follow-up reports, consequences and questioning the status quo (Faure 2005:160; Marron 1995:1). The researcher interrogated the current practice of investigative journalism in newsrooms in the Botswana context, by means of a self-administered questionnaire. A cumulative sum of scores of each rank order for each obstacle was used to observe the one rated the most impeding by Botswana journalists. Elementary descriptive statistics in the form of percentages were used to assess attitudes of Botswana journalists towards investigative journalism. The same method was used to assess the proportion of investigative stories in four sampled Botswana newspapers. The contents of the respective newspapers were assessed against the five elements of investigative reporting that include: theme, public interest, questioning the status quo, accuracy, follow-up reports and consequences.

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Messitt, Margaret. "Art(i)fact: An Atlas of My Search." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1510932927475633.

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Mesquita, Lúcia Monteiro. "O impacto do Jornalismo Colaborativo no exercício da profissão na atualidade Análise comparada das plataformas ICIJ, Investigate Europe e Connectas." Master's thesis, Instituto Superior de Ciências Sociais e Políticas, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/17820.

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Dissertação de Mestrado em Comunicação Social vertente em Jornalismo
O presente estudo realizou uma investigação comparativa de três projetos de três organizações do jornalismo colaborativo: The Panama Papers, do Consórcio Internacional de Jornalistas Investigativos (sigla em inglês: ICIJ); Microsoft, do Investigate Europe; e “América Latina, Región de Carteles”, da Connectas. Com o objetivo de perceber os impactos destas organizações no mercado dos média, seus compromissos e práticas, o presente estudo realizou uma análise em duas fases: sete entrevistas qualitativas semiestruturadas em profundidade, e análise de conteúdo quantitativa de 10 peças noticiosas de cada um dos projetos. Alguns resultados alcançados são de que as organizações de jornalismo investigativo colaborativo são mais do que plataformas; elas publicam, ensinam, captam recursos para si mesmas e suas próprias investigações, além de, muitas vezes, possuírem suas próprias equipas. Trata-se de organizações dos média sem fins lucrativos que por serem menores, mais ágeis e flexíveis e, principalmente, por produzirem mais e melhores investigações e informações de alta qualidade, têm se mostrado mais efetivas na condução de investigações jornalísticas de grande envergadura, e mais eficientes na captação de recursos por diversas fontes.
The present study carried out a comparative investigation of three projects of three organizations of collaborative journalism: The Panama Papers, of the International Consortium of Investigative Journalists (ICIJ); Microsoft, of Investigate Europe; and “América Latina, Región de Carteles” by Connectas. In order to understand the impact of these organizations on the media market, their commitments and practices, the present study carried out a two-stage analysis: seven qualitative semi-structured interviews in depth, and quantitative content analysis of 10 pieces of news from each of the projects. Some results obtained are that collaborative investigative journalism organizations are more than platforms, they publish, teach, capture resources for themselves and their own investigations, as well as often owning their own teams. Collaborative journalism organizations are non-profit media organizations that, because they are smaller, more agile and flexible, and mainly producing more and better investigations and high-quality information, have been more effective in conducting large-scale investigative journalism, and more efficient in raising funds from a variety of sources.
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Lindgren, Ylva. "Nyhetsjournalistik finansierad med crowdfunding – en kartläggning av svenskarnas inställning till användarfinansierade nyheter." Thesis, Malmö högskola, Fakulteten för teknik och samhälle (TS), 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-20145.

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I en tid då tidningsbranschen står inför en omfattande strukturomvandling, är jakten igång att hitta komplement och substitut till gamla intäktskällor. Som ett led av detta har intresset väckts för att använda crowdfunding för att finansiera nyhetsjournalistik. Crowdfunding är en finansieringsform där privatpersoner och organisationer kan ansöka om ekonomiskt stöd från ett större antal finansiärer. Frågan är dock om det finns en potentiell marknad för crowdfunding-finansierad journalistik i Sverige.Den här rapporten ämnar kartlägga den svenska befolkningens kännedom om, och deras inställning till, att finansiera journalistik med crowdfunding. Detta görs genom en enkätundersökning som syftar till att svara på följande frågor:Vilken inställning har den svenska befolkningen till crowdfunding som en finansieringsformför granskande journalistik?Vilka förutsättningar krävs för att finansieringsformen ska accepteras av svenskanyhetskonsumenter?Vilka hinder upplever svenskarna till att betala för granskande journalistik med crowdfunding?Resultatet visade att kännedomen om crowdfunding är låg och slutsatsen är att marknaden för crowdfunding är omogen i Sverige. Vidare är det är få som uppger att de med crowdfunding skulle kunna tänka sig att betala för en journalistik granskning i förväg. Dock ställer sig en femtedel positiva till finansieringsformen och en potential finns att omvandla denna inställning till betalningsvilja om rätt åtgärder görs.Respondenterna är beredda att betala för granskningar av orättvisor eller missförhållanden och gärna ämnen som de har ett personligt intresse av att få granskat. En förutsättning för att få finansieringsmodellen att fungera i Sverige är att man lyckas formulera för läsaren vilket mervärde som följer att betala för journalistik i förväg. Samtidigt krävs att framtida crowdfundingtjänster är tydliga kring finansiärernas rättigheter och skyldigheter, tillsammans med en fullständig transparens kring processen.
In a time when the newspaper industry face major structural changes, a search for new andsupplemental sources of revenue has begun. In line with this, crowdfunding has been addressed as a way of financing journalism. Crowdfunding is a model of financing where individuals and organizations, can apply for funding from a wide range of funders. Several experiments have occurred in the world, e.g. Spot.us and Krautreporter. The question is whether there is a potential market for crowdfunded journalism in Sweden.The purpose of this paper is to describe the market for investigative journalism financed withcrowdfunding, from a consumer’s view. This is done through a survey that aims to answer the following questions:What is the attitude of the Swedish population towards crowdfunding as a form of financing of investigative journalism?What conditions are required for crowdfunding to be accepted by Swedish consumers?What obstacles do Swedish consumers experience to pay for journalism with crowdfunding?The results show that awareness of crowdfunding is low and the conclusion is that the Swedish market for crowdfunding is immature. Furthermore, only a few percentages of the respondents stated that they would be willing to pay for a journalistic work in advance. However, one fifth of the respondents are positive to the model of financing, and there are signs showing that this attitude can be converted into a willingness to pay, if the right measures are made.Most of the respondents state that they are willing to pay for the investigation of maladministration or injustices, and preferably subjects that they have a personal interest in getting audited. However a prerequisite for the model to work in Sweden is that one manages to articulate the added value of paying for journalism in advance. In the same time, future crowdfunding services must be absolutely clear about the financiers' rights and responsibilities along with full transparency around the process.

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Ferreira, Brunella Menezes. "Viagem pela grande reportagem televisiva: o desafio do jornalismo investigativo da Rede Globo no Brasil (1997-2007)." Master's thesis, [s.n.], 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10284/1650.

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Dissertação apresentada à Universidade Fernando Pessoa como parte dos requisitos para obtenção do grau de Mestre em Ciências da Comunicação, especialização em Tecnologias da Comunicação.
Este estudo procura refletir a reportagem além do fato, no âmbito do jornalismo investigativo de TV no Brasil. Uma perspectiva da notícia em imagens é traçada através do panorama da história da televisão brasileira, em que matérias de denúncias ganharam força somente após o período da Ditadura Militar, momento, também, que o veículo já havia estabelecido uma linguagem própria. As novas possibilidades advindas do desenvolvimento das tecnologias são relacionadas com as mudanças no modo de se fazer jornalismo, principalmente, com a chegada da Internet nas redações, a qual alterou a rotina de trabalho, desde a apuração dos fatos até a veiculação da notícia. Os desafios enfrentados pelo repórter, não só na conceituação, mas também em relação ao exercício do jornalismo investigativo, levam à diferenciação do papel da reportagem e do repórter para os telespectadores. Através de seis grandes reportagens da Rede Globo, as quais impactaram de alguma forma o público do país, métodos, formas e processos de trabalho jornalísticos são investigados. Os resultados alcançados mostram que grandes reportagens precisam ser divididas em séries de reportagens, principalmente, quando exibidas em um telejornal diário, programa sem muito tempo disponível para uma única matéria, e que as técnicas do jornalismo investigativo vão desde o uso de microcâmeras escondidas até efeitos de distorção da imagem, quando, por exemplo, um personagem não quer identificar-se. This study attempts to reflect the story beyond the fact, as part of investigative journalism on TV in Brazil. An overview of news in images is drawn through the panorama of the brazilian television history, in which subjects of complaint earned strength only after the military dictatorship period, when this media also had established its own language. The new opportunities resulting from technologies developments are related to changes in the way of doing journalism, especially with the arrival of the Internet in newsrooms, which changed the work routine, from finding the facts to publication of the news. The challenges faced by reporters, not only in concept, but also in relation to the exercise of investigative journalism, induce to differentiation of the reporter function and story for the viewers. Through six major reports of Rede Globo, which impacted in some way the public of the country, journalistic methods, forms and work processes are investigated. The reached results show that major reports need to be divided into a series of stories, especially when viewed on a daily television news program, which do not have much time to a single subject, and the techniques of investigative journalism fluctuate from the use of hidden small cameras until distortion effects of the image when, for example,characters do not want to identify themselves.

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Davenport, Mary Jo. "The Effect of Sternocleidomastoid Muscle Activation Pattern and Feedback Condition on the Vestibular Evoked Myogenic Potential." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2010. https://dc.etsu.edu/etd/1776.

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The vestibular evoked myogenic potential (VEMP) has been shown to be clinically useful in providing diagnostic information regarding the function of the otolith receptors, inferior vestibular nerve, and vestibulospinal pathways. The VEMP is a biphasic response elicited by loud clicks or tone bursts and recorded from the tonically contracted sternocleidomastoid (SCM) muscle. Because the VEMP is an inhibitory response, it is important to investigate stimulus and parameter characteristics in order to determine the optimal test protocol and maximize clinical usefulness. The aims of this study were 1) to evaluate the effects of 4 different methods of SCM muscle activation and the effect of visual biofeedback on VEMP latency, amplitude, asymmetry ratio, mean rectified EMG level, and difficulty ratings, and 2) to determine the influence of SCM muscle activation pattern and visual biofeedback level on test-retest reliability. Forty-eight healthy volunteers between the ages of 18 and 50 underwent VEMP testing using each of the following muscle activation patterns: supine with the head raised (SE), supine with the head turned away from the test ear (SR), supine with the head raised and turned away from the test ear (SER), and sitting with the head turned away from the test ear (SitR). Testing subjects with the SER method yielded the most robust amplitude response and sternocleidomastoid EMG activity. No statistically significant differences were found in interaural asymmetry ratios among the 4 methods of SCM activation. Subjects rated the SE and SER methods as more difficult than the SE and SitR methods at each of the 3 target levels. Test-retest reliability was high for P1/N1 amplitude and mean rectified EMG levels when subjects were provided visual biofeedback to monitor the level of tonic SCM muscle activity. The study demonstrates the importance of providing patients a means of monitoring and maintaining the amplitude of the rectified EMG at a constant target level during SCM muscle activation. Although no evidence to reject or strongly favor a specific method was found, monaural-ipsilateral recording with the SitR method was found to be advantageous for individuals with weakness or decreased endurance for sustained muscle contraction.

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Freitas, Carla Miranda B. de. "A colaboração no jornalismo: do Arizona Project aos Panama Papers." Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2017. https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/19991.

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From the Arizona Project, developed during the 1970s and considered the first large-scale collaborative journalistic work, to the Panama Papers, an investigation that involved almost 400 professionals, from 76 countries, around the largest data leakage ever since. Going through WikiLeaks and Snowden cases, and the emergence of organizations such as the American ProPublica. Although still an exception in the daily practices of newsrooms, the collaboration between journalists from different news organizations has become more and more present, to the point of being considered today one of the main trends in the media industry. This impulse is the result of different phenomena. On the one hand, there is a growing need to deal with global and complex issues such as corruption and the environment, in a scenario of severe resource constraints for investigation caused by the crisis in the news organizations’ business models. On the other hand, there is a greater availability of information consolidated in large databases, created by the increasing strength of the culture of transparency in several countries, and journalists trained in extracting relevant news from these databases. It is also necessary to take into account the learning process of the collaborative work, developed with the support of journalist associations over time, which has been key to creating a culture of more collaboration in journalism. In order to account for such an object, this study will use the network and creative process theories developed by Cecilia Salles, as well as the concept of systems and complexity, according to Edgard Morin
Do Arizona Project, desenvolvido ainda nos anos 1970 e considerado o primeiro trabalho de atuação jornalística conjunta em grande escala, aos Panama Papers, investigação que reuniu quase 400 profissionais, de 76 países, em torno do maior vazamento de dados até então. Passando pelos casos WikiLeaks e Snowden, e pelo surgimento de organizações como a americana ProPublica. Apesar de ainda ser exceção na prática cotidiana das redações, a colaboração entre jornalistas de diferentes veículos vem se tornando cada vez mais presente, a ponto de ser descrita atualmente como uma das principais tendências no setor. Esse impulso é fruto de diferentes fenômenos. Por um lado existe a necessidade crescente de lidar com assuntos globais e complexos, como corrupção e meio ambiente, em um cenário de severas restrições de recursos para investigação, provocado pela crise dos modelos de negócios das empresas. Por outro, tem-se uma disponibilidade maior de informações agrupadas em grandes bancos de dados, criados pelo fortalecimento da cultura da transparência em inúmeros países, e jornalistas treinados em extrair deles notícias relevantes. Também é preciso levar em conta o aprendizado do trabalho conjunto, desenvolvido com o apoio de associações de jornalistas ao longo do tempo, que vem sendo chave para criar uma cultura de mais colaboração no jornalismo. Para dar conta de tal objeto, serão utilizadas fundamentalmente as teorias de rede e de processo de criação desenvolvidas por Cecilia Salles, além da conceituação de sistemas e complexidade, conforme Edgard Morin

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Martins, Daiana de Oliveira. "Jornalismo investigativo na web: um estudo sobre a produção do repórter Giovani Grizotti." Universidade do Vale do Rio dos Sinos, 2011. http://www.repositorio.jesuita.org.br/handle/UNISINOS/3950.

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Este trabalho busca analisar as estratégias textuais desenvolvidas pelo jornalista Giovani Grizotti a partir da observação do blog Direto da Fonte, vinculado ao site da RBS TV e do posicionamento do jornalista no twitter. Buscamos responder de que forma as estratégias textuais modificam a dinâmica do fazer jornalístico tradicional. A partir dessa questão estudamos que contrato de comunicação é estabelecido nesse processo e analisamos as lógicas de participação confrontando com os suportes tradicionais que tem seus métodos de produção consolidados pelos modelos clássicos de jornalismo investigativo. Nosso estudo é uma pesquisa qualitativa e descritiva onde a metodologia compreende consultas bibliográficas, observação e descrição do objeto empírico. A análise evidencia que tanto o blog como o twitter seguem estratégias de autorreferencialidades, reformulam o contrato de leitura fomentando o surgimento de novos contratos visando manter a fidelização do leitor.
This study aims at analyzing the textual strategies developed by journalist Giovanni Grizotti from the observation of the blog Direto da Fonte, linked to the RBS TV site and the positioning of the journalist on twitter. We seek to answer how the textual strategies to change the dynamics of traditional journalism. From this point, we study the communication contract established in that process and analyze the logic of participation confronting with traditional media support that have consolidated their production methods by classical models of investigative journalism. From this point, we study the communication contract established in that process and analyze the logic of participation confronting with traditional media support that have consolidated their production methods by classical models of investigative journalism. The analysis shows that both the blog and twitter follow the strategies of self-referential, revising the contract to read encouraging the emergence of new contracts in order to maintain the loyalty of the reader.

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Desmoulin, Sophie. "Albert Londres et le grand reportage : autopsie d'un mythe." Thesis, Limoges, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LIMO0008.

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Si un véritable mythe auréole aujourd’hui le nom et la figure d’Albert Londres, la production journalistique du célèbre grand reporter des années vingt reste relativement méconnue. Loin de se limiter aux enquêtes sociales qui ont forgé sa réputation de redresseur de torts, elle se compose d’une riche correspondance de guerre, de nombreux articles politiques et de plusieurs reportages d’évasion. Outre cette hétérogénéité, l’œuvre d’Albert Londres, qui oscille notamment entre argumentation et information, entre héritage et modernité, révèle nombre de tensions et de contradictions que la légende qui l’entoure a contribué à estomper. Il convient donc de redécouvrir son œuvre, de jeter sur elle un regard nouveau, de l’autopsier au sens étymologique du terme, pour diagnostiquer les raisons de son succès et les causes de sa consécration. Particulièrement ancrés dans l’actualité de leur époque, conditionnés par la situation de communication et de publication dans laquelle ils s’inscrivent, les reportages de Londres méritent d’être envisagés dans leur contexte, comme des discours traversés par de multiples stratégies. Outrepassant largement les seules intentions du journaliste, ces stratégies parcourent le reportage à tous les niveaux, de la pratique de terrain au circuit de diffusion, de la relation au lecteur à la posture du reporter. À la lumière de l’histoire de la littérature et du journalisme, de l’analyse du discours et de la sociologie de la littérature, nous tenterons donc de caractériser la poétique – au sens élargi du terme – des reportages afin de mettre au jour l’ambivalence et l’efficacité du « style Albert Londres »
Albert Londres has become a household name and a mythical figure, however the journalistic work of this famous great reporter of the 1920s still remains unknown. This corpus extends far beyond his social ‘reportages’ that built his fame as a righter of wrongs and consists of a rich war correspondence, numerous political articles and several escapist reportages. To add to its diversity, the work of Albert Londres is always on the fence between argumentation and information, tradition and modernity. His work therefore reveals various tensions and contradictions which have been overshadowed by his myth. As a consequence, it is worth rediscovering his work, adopting a new point of view and performing an ‘autopsy’, that is, etymologically, a critical examination, in order to diagnose the reasons of its success and the causes of its critical acclaim. Deeply rooted in their time and strongly dependent on the communicational and publication context in which they appeared, Londres’ reports deserve to be seen against this background, as discourses informed by multiple strategies. Surpassing the sole intentions of a journalist, these strategies inform the reportages in all their dimensions, from the field research to the network of circulation and from the relationship with the reader to the ‘posture’ of the reporter. By drawing on the historiography of literature, journalism, discourse analysis and sociology of literature, this dissertation aims therefore to define the poetics – in the broad sense of this term – of these reports, in order to reveal the ambivalence and the effectiveness of the “Albert Londres style”

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Melo, Seane Alves. "Discursos e práticas: um estudo do jornalismo investigativo no Brasil." Universidade de São Paulo, 2015. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/27/27152/tde-19092016-155529/.

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Quais as definições do jornalismo investigativo no Brasil? Na prática profissional, o que o distingue do jornalismo de modo geral e de outras especialidades da área? Quais os critérios de consagração de um jornalista como repórter investigativo? Essas e outras questões estão no seio desta pesquisa que busca identificar as condições de possibilidade da emergência dos discursos sobre o jornalismo investigativo em nosso país e, principalmente, esclarecer as apropriações que foram feitas a partir deles. Nosso intuito era compreender as definições de jornalismo investigativo que têm sido trabalhadas na bibliografia nacional à luz das disputas que tomam forma no interior do campo jornalístico. Partimos da análise de obras teóricas sobre o tema, de coletâneas de reportagens investigativas e de fontes documentais (como resultados de premiações, dados de associações etc.) para levantarmos definições, referências e apropriações do discurso do \"jornalismo investigativo\" em nosso país. Ao longo da pesquisa - que se focou na análise de obras publicadas principalmente entre 1970 e 2010 - conseguimos identificar três eixos nos quais as definições de JI poderiam ser divididas (um com foco no papel ativo do jornalista, outro com foco na função de denúncia e um terceiro que considera o jornalismo investigativo um pleonasmo) e, pelo menos, três usos diferentes dessa especialidade jornalística: ora ela aparece como sinônimo de grande reportagem, ora está identificada com o jornalismo policial e, após a redemocratização e a profissionalização do jornalismo brasileiro, ela será mais identificada com o escândalo político. Argumentamos que cada um desses deslocamentos de sentido, que por vezes são muito sutis e não necessariamente lineares, podem ser entendidos como posicionamentos diante de acontecimentos e transformações que ocorreram no período: o fim da censura prévia e o início da abertura política do regime militar, o crescimento do papel das Relações Públicas e das assessorias de imprensa, as regulamentações profissionais e o desenvolvimento do ensino de jornalismo, bem como as reformas editoriais em grandes veículos de comunicação. Compreendendo essas disputas e tendo em vista as transformações que as novas mídias estão promovendo no campo, defendemos uma nova compreensão do jornalismo investigativo, em termos de sua posição em relação à esfera do poder, que recusa os critérios puramente baseados nos métodos de apuração ou nos seus efeitos.
What are the definitions of investigative journalism in Brazil? In professional practice, which distinguishes it from ordinary journalism and other specialties of the area? What are the acclaim criteria of a journalist as an investigative reporter? These and other questions are at the core of this research that seeks to identify the emergence conditions of discourses on investigative journalism in our country, and, primarily, clarify the appropriations made from them. Our aim was to understand the investigative journalism definitions that have been put forth in the national bibliography in light of disputes that take shape within the journalistic field. We started from the analysis of theoretical works on the subject, investigative reports collections and documentary sources (such as results of awards, associations data etc.) to gather definitions, references and appropriations of the \"investigative journalism\" discourse in our country. During the research - which focused on the analysis of works published mainly between 1970 and 2010 - we were able to identify three areas in which IJ definitions could be divided (one focusing on the journalist\'s active role, the other focusing on the denunciation function and a third part who considers investigative journalism pleonastic) and at least three different uses of this journalistic branch: sometimes it appears as synonymous with cover story, occasionally it is identified with police reporting and, after the democratization and professionalization of Brazilian journalism, it will be identified with political scandal. We argue that each of these shifts of direction, which are sometimes very subtle and not necessarily linear, can be understood as stances regarding events and changes that occurred during the period such as: the end of censorship and the beginning of the political relaxation of the military regime, the growth of the role of Public Relations and press offices, professional regulations and development of journalism education, as well as editorial reform in major media outlets. Understanding these disputes and in light of the changes in the field promoted by the media, we advocate a new understanding of investigative journalism, in terms of its position in relation to the power sphere, a sphere that refuses criteria based purely based on the reporting methods or its effects.

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Creutz, Holmgren Stefan. "Vad innebär identifieringskrav vid uttag av enskilda arkiv hos en arkivmyndighet? : Offentlighets- och yttrandefrihetsprincipen kan hotas om undersökande journalister registreras." Thesis, Södertörns högskola, Arkivvetenskap, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-45583.

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The aim of this study is to examine if the freedom of information and thus also the freedom of expression in Sweden can be harmed if Swedish archives will start to identity control and register scholars who wants to take part private of archives in public archives. To find an answer, I have looked at the advantages and disadvantages of such registration and control. If a registration is introduced there is some thought about sort out and preservation and you can see if the principle of openness and thus freedom of expression can be damaged in such a registration. I have analysed and compared Swedish laws concerning the principle of openness and for archives as well as the EU’s General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) and conducted semi-structured interviews with a lawyer, an archivist, and a journalist. I have concluded that it is possible for the Swedish National Archive to register who takes part in their individual archives, but it is uncertain how long this information can be preserved. Most of the informants believe that the principle of openness and thus freedom of expression can be damaged if control of identification is introduced. The journalist believes that the registered information can be used to map journalists and prevent them from accessing information in private archives.
Syftet med denna studie är att undersöka om offentlighetsprincipen och därmed också yttrandefriheten i Sverige kan skadas om svenska arkiv kommer att börja identitetskontrollera och registrera forskare som vill delta privat i arkiv i offentliga arkiv. För att hitta ett svar har jag tittat på fördelarna och nackdelarna med sådan registrering och kontroll. Om en registrering införs tänker man på sortering och bevarande och man kan se om principen om öppenhet och därmed yttrandefrihet kan skadas i en sådan registrering. Jag har analyserat och jämfört svenska lagar om principen om öppenhet och för arkiv samt EU: s allmänna dataskyddsförordning (GDPR) och genomfört halvstrukturerade intervjuer med en advokat, en arkivare och en journalist. Jag har kommit fram till att det är möjligt för Svenska Nationalarkivet att registrera vem som deltar i sina enskilda arkiv, men det är osäkert hur länge denna information kan bevaras. De flesta informanter tror att principen om öppenhet och därmed yttrandefrihet kan skadas om kontroll av identifiering införs. Journalisten tror att den registrerade informationen kan användas för att kartlägga journalister och hindra dem från att få tillgång till information i privata arkiv.

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Lunga, Carolyne Mande. "Investigating at the grassroots: exploring the origins, purposes journalistic practices and outcomes in two award-winning Daily Dispatch editorial projects." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1002906.

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This thesis explores the origins, purposes, journalistic practices and outcomes of two award-winning projects namely Broken Homes and Slumlords done by Daily Dispatch's Gcina Ntsaluba in 2009. The projects were described by the paper as investigative journalism but interestingly the original idea came from grassroots driven strategies and they were done by adopting alternative news gathering strategies and immersion in the ordinary people, inspired by public journalism. This thesis follows Christians et al's (2009) normative theoretical framework of press roles summarised as the monitorial, facilitative, collaborative and radical roles. It provides normative prescriptions of public and investigative journalism, development and radical journalism. It then draws on sociological theoretical critiques in order to provide an analytical overview of the complex matrix of political, economic and media contexts which influenced the origins, purposes, journalistic practices and outcomes of the two projects. Drawing on a critical realist case study design, the thesis goes on to provide a narrative account of the two projects based on the in-depth interviews exploring the editorial staffs ideas on the origins, purposes, journalistic practices and outcomes of the projects and a qualitative content/thematic analysis of the journalistic texts related to the projects. This primary data is then critically evaluated against normative theories of press performance, especially Nip's (2008) key practices and Haas's (2007) 'public philosophy' of public journalism. It is also evaluated against a normative framework of what constitutes "good investigative journalism" based on Ettema and Glasser (1998), Waisbord (2000) among others. Protess et al 1991's classic mobilisation model is used to interrogate the projects' outcomes. The thesis established that there was a close connection of the monitorial (investigative journalism), facilitative (public journalism) and radical (tabloid journalism) roles at the paper which shows that the roles are not mutually exclusive. The two projects however fell short of the collaborative role (development journalism) which can, partly, be attributed to the adversarial nature of the relationship between the state and the media. The Daily Dispatch also failed to activate a platform for deliberation and public problem solving. There might thus be more scope in adopting a 'facilitative monitorial role' which would not only expose those who violate other people's human rights, corrupt people and institutions that are not performing well. Instead it will also activate civic life and facilitate 'collaboration' between government and the publics in problem solving.

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Pérez, Bernal Carlo Sebastian. "Los recursos y mecanismos del periodismo digital de investigación frente a la difusión de noticias falsas durante la pandemia de la COVID19. Análisis del manejo de las cifras de la pandemia en los casos de IDL Reporteros, Ojo Público y Convoca." Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas (UPC), 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/653999.

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Esta investigación tiene como tema central identificar los mecanismos y recursos que el periodismo digital de investigación realiza como mecanismo de investigación ante la difusión de las Fake News. Se decidió abordar los recursos y mecanismos que el periodismo de investigación digital ejecuta frente a la difusión de noticias falsas durante la pandemia de la COVID19, teniendo en cuenta el manejo de las cifras de muertes por IDL Reporteros, Convoca y Ojo Público. Este trabajo busca identificar los criterios y referentes que el periodismo digital de investigación utiliza. Para esto se realizó una metodología cualitativa y se optó por elegir un corpus representativo de tres reportajes de los espacios periodísticos mencionados anteriormente. Asimismo, se diseñó un instrumento de análisis a partir de cuatro subcategorías que nos permitió identificar los mecanismos de investigación digital y la forma correcta de uso. Una vez finalizada la investigación, se llegó a la conclusión de que sí existe una relación entre las fake news y el periodismo digital de investigación, ya que los mecanismos de investigación que se usaron para evitar las noticias falsas en los reportajes mostrados sí fueron eficaces. Asimismo, se puso en evidencia que aunque el avance tecnológico haya favorecido notablemente a los medios de comunicación, si la búsqueda de información no es trabajada con responsabilidad podría causar desinformación que perjudique a la sociedad.
The main theme of this investigation is to identify the mencanimes and resources that digital investigative journalism performs as an investigative mechanism before the dissemination of Fake News. It was decided to address the resources and mechanisms that digital investigative journalism executes against the dissemination of false news during the COVID19 pandemic, taking into account This work seeks to identify the criteria and references that investigative digital journalism uses. For this, a qualitative methodology was carried out and it was decided to choose a representative corpus of three reports from the journalistic spaces mentioned above. Likewise, an analysis instrument was designed based on four subcategories that allowed us to identify digital research mechanisms and the correct way of use. Once the investigation was completed, it was concluded that there is a relationship between fake news and digital investigative journalism, since the investigative mechanisms that were used to prevent false news in the reports shown were effective. Likewise, it was made clear that although technological progress has notably favored the media, if the search for information is not handled responsibly, it could cause misinformation that harms society.
Trabajo de investigación

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Noronha, Mariana Galvão. "AS ESPECIFICIDADES DO JORNALISMO INVESTIGATIVO: UM ESTUDO SOBRE O PROCESSO DE PRODUÇÃO JORNALÍSTICA INVESTIGATIVA." UNIVERSIDADE ESTADUAL DE PONTA GROSSA, 2017. http://tede2.uepg.br/jspui/handle/prefix/64.

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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior
This research proposes to discuss the process of production of investigative journalism, with the objective of verifying specificities in the productive process of the investigative report, which they cross since the survey of the staff, the procedures of calculation and the construction of the final material. The study assumes that there are differences between the production of daily journalism and investigative journalism, differences that define the practice of each one. With this, the research intends to characterize if the specificities of the investigative journalism constitute as a method of the process of production of investigative reporting, to systematize the investigative investigative reporting procedures and to contribute to the research on investigative journalism in Brazil. For that point, this work carried out a bibliographical survey on the investigative journalism object, interviews with professionals who work in this area and analysis of investigative reports. The theoretical framework is based on the theory of social construction, newsmaking and concepts about investigative journalism. The study concluded that, despite the similarity of investigative journalism procedures, investigative journalism presents the main specificity of how professionals appropriate these procedures. From this perspective, the research falls under Line 1 - Journalistic Production Processes of the Postgraduate Program in Journalism of the Ponta Grossa State University, which includes research projects on aspects and situations of journalistic production processes
Esta pesquisa propõe discutir o processo de produção do jornalismo investigativo, com objetivo de verificar especificidades no processo produtivo da reportagem investigativa, que atravessam desde o levantamento da pauta, os procedimentos de apuração e a construção do material final. O estudo parte do pressuposto de que há diferenças entre a produção do jornalismo diário e o jornalismo investigativo, diferenças estas que definem a prática de cada um. Com isso, a pesquisa pretende caracterizar se as especificidades do jornalismo investigativo se constituem como um método do processo de produção da reportagem investigativa, sistematizar os procedimentos de apuração da reportagem investigativa e contribuir para as pesquisas sobre jornalismo investigativo no Brasil. Para isso, este trabalho realizou levantamento bibliográfico sobre o objeto jornalismo investigativo, pesquisa documental, entrevistas com profissionais que atuam nessa área e análise de reportagens investigativas. O referencial teórico fundamenta-se na teoria da construção social, newsmaking e conceitos sobre jornalismo investigativo e apuração jornalística. O estudo concluiu que, apesar de similaridade de procedimentos de apuração com o jornalismo factual, o jornalismo investigativo apresenta como principal especificidade a forma como os profissionais se apropriam desses procedimentos. Sob esta perspectiva, a pesquisa se enquadra na Linha 1 - Processos de Produção Jornalística do Programa de Pós Graduação em Jornalismo da Universidade Estadual de Ponta Grossa, que contempla projetos de investigação sobre aspectos e situações dos processos de produção jornalística.

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Demeneck, Ben Hur. "Jornalismo transnacional: prática, método e conceito." Universidade de São Paulo, 2016. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/27/27153/tde-13092016-100914/.

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O jornalismo transnacional (in. cross border journalism; es. periodismo transfronteirizo; din. journalistik over grænser) ganhou visibilidade nos anos 2010 a partir de séries como o OffshoreLeaks e o SwissLeaks, por estabelecer uma rede de investigação colaborativa entre equipes de diferentes países em torno de temas de relevância continental ou mundial, que normalmente envolvem estratagemas nas finanças internacionais com fins ilícitos. Tais séries jornalísticas são o ponto de partida desta tese, sendo contextualizadas com a renovação dos marcos do jornalismo profissional, que inclui o jornalismo pós-industrial (ANDERSON, BELL&SHIRKY, 2013), o qual coincide com uma \"improvável época de ouro do jornalismo investigativo\" (LEWIS, 2009). Procura-se, na presente pesquisa, mapear um território de pioneiros dessa prática de imprensa, que atrai jornalistas veteranos e interessa até às redações clássicas. A partir das constatações do crescimento dessa prática, esta tese procura refletir sobre essa tendência e identificar nela fundamentos de um método, ainda que não plenamente consolidado. E de tal método extrair elementos para um conceito, cuja prática expõe as assimetrias da globalização e se projeta numa \"sociedade civil global\" (IANNI, 1996; KALDOR, 2003). Praticado por jornalistas investigativos como David Kaplan e jornalistas-pesquisadoras como a dinamarquesa Brigitte Alfter (2015) e a chilena Florencia Melgar Hourcade (2015), o jornalismo transnacional se beneficia do saber acumulado pelo \"jornalismo de dados\" e pelo \"jornalismo sem fins lucrativos\", o que estimula uma cultura não competitiva entre redações, fortalece empreendimentos não corporativos e dá abertura a uma estimulante discussão sobre identidade profissional. No campo teórico, esta tese investiga se essa nova fronteira profissional da imprensa subsidia de fato a emergência de uma opinião pública global de caráter generalista na medida em que abre um horizonte multifacetado e plural para o conceito de objetividade jornalística (agora entendida como transparência), e na medida em que incorpora valores de uma \"ética de jornalismo global\" (WARD, 2005, 2008, 2010).
The cross border journalism (es. periodismo transfronteirizo; din. journalistik over grænser; pt. jornalismo transnacional) gained visibility in the years 2010 from series like OffshoreLeaks and SwissLeaks, by establishing a network of collaborative reporting between teams from different countries around issues of continental or global relevance, which usually involves stratagems in international finances for illicit purposes. These journalistic series are the starting point of this thesis, and they are contextualized with the renovation of the milestones of professional journalism, including the post-industrial journalism (ANDERSON, BELL & SHIRKY, 2013) and its coincidence with an \"unlikely golden era of investigative journalism\" (LEWIS, 2009). The research tries to report this territory of pioneers of this new practice from press, which attracts veteran journalists and interests even the classic newsrooms. From the factual findings, this thesis aims to reflect on this trend identifying foundations of a method, although not fully consolidated, and tries to extract therefrom the elements of a concept, and relating its practice to an emergent \"global civil society\" (IANNI, 1996; KALDOR, 2003) and exposing the asymmetries of globalization. Practiced by investigative journalists like David Kaplan and journalists-researchers as the Danish Brigitte Alfter (2015) and the Chilean Florencia Melgar Hourcade (2015), the transnational method takes benefit from the accumulated knowledge by the \"data journalism\" and the \"nonprofit journalism\" and can stimulates a non-competitive culture among newsrooms. This journalism strengthens non-corporate enterprises and gives opening to a stimulating discussion about professional identity. In theory, this thesis investigates if this new professional frontier of press subsidizes indeed the emergence of a global public opinion in a \"generalist\" character as it opens to journalistic field a multifaceted and plural horizon to objectivity (now understood as transparency), and as it incorporates values from a \"global journalism ethics\" (WARD, 2005, 2008, 2010).

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Gerbi, Giovanna Maria. "An analysis of racial stereotyping of the South African Police in the television programmes Carte Blanche and Special Assignment from August 2003 to September 2004." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/50257.

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Thesis (MPhil)--University of Stellenbosch, 2005.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The aim of this assignment is to examine two investigative journalism programmes in South Africa, namely Carte Blanche and SpecialAssignment in order to ascertain whether two South African policing organisations have been subjected to racist stereotyping on these two programmes. Both these programmes are held in high esteem within South African and international media circles. Carte Blanche has won many awards, such as the prestigious eNN African Journalist of the Year Award in 2002. Special Assignment won the equivalent award in 2001. The approaches and styles in revealing the truth by using investigative forms of journalism are however slightly different. Both Carte Blanche and Special Assignment have produced stories from August 2003 to September 2004 that have exposed corruption within the South African policing organisations. Many of the perpetrators within the police force were identified as people of colour. This assignment therefore aims to discover whether racist stereotyping exists in this niche of investigative journalism television programmes. This opens up the possibility for these portrayals to be seen as stereotypical, since the dominant press codes in South Africa stipulates that reference to 'race' in news reporting should only be done where it will contribute significantly to understanding the subject matter or if the reference to the race of the person is particularly applicable. This assignment aims to discover whether racist stereotyping exists in this niche of investigative journalism television programmes. The research method comprised analysing programmes on Carte Blanche and Special Assignment that dealt with the South African policing organisations from August 2003 to September 2004. The original transcripts of the programmes were retrieved from the relevant websites of Carte Blanche and Special Assignment and have also been studied. Sources on media ethics as well as newspaper and magazine articles dealing with the South African policing organisations, crime and corruption were scrutinized in order to provide background information for the study. The analyses of the programmes was complemented by interviews conducted with the investigative journalists at the helm of the two programmes, namely, Ruda Landman from Carte Blanche and Jessica Pitchford from Special Assignment.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die doel van hierdie studie is om twee ondersoekende joernalistiekprogramme in Suid-Afrika, naamlik Carte Blanche en Special Assignment, te ondersoek ten einde vas te stelof die Suid- Afrikaanse polisiëringsorganisasies in dié twee programme aan rassestereotipering onderhewig is. Albei dié programme word hoog geag in Suid-Afrikaanse en internasionale mediakringe. Carte Blanche het reeds verskeie toekennings gewen, soos die toonaangewende eNN Afrikajoernalis van die Jaar Toekenning in 2002. Special Assignment het hierdie toekenning in 2001 gewen. Die benaderings en styl wat tydens die bekendmaking van die waarheid gevolg word deur die toepassing van ondersoekende vorme van joernalistiek verskil egter effe. Sowel Carte Blanche as Special Assignment het van Augustus 2003 tot September 2004 stories opgelewer wat korrupsie in die Suid-Afrikaanse polisiëringsorganisasies aan die kaak gestel het. Baie van die skuldiges in die polisiemag is geïdentifiseer as gekleurde mense. Hierdie studie beoog dus om vas te stel of daar rassestereotipering in hierdie afdeling van televisieprogramme met betrekking tot ondersoekende joernalistiek bestaan. Ondersoekende joernalistiek is ongetwyfeld een van die stimulerendste afdelings van die joernalistiek. Dit is 'n uitgesproke vorm van joernalistiek wat die vermoë het om die samelewing te beïnvloed. Ondersoekende joernalistiek maak gewoonlik misdrywe aan die publiek bekend. Die konsekwente uitbeelding van gekleurde mense op 'n negatiewe wyse sou kon lei tot die inboet van etiese waardes en dus tot rassestereotipering. Die navorsingsmetode het behels dat daar van Augustus 2003 tot September 2004 na programme oor die Suid-Afrikaanse polisiëringsorganisasies op Carte Blanche en Special Assignment gekyk is en dat dit op band opgeneem is. Die oorspronklike transkripsies van die programme is van Carte Blanche en Special Assignment se onderskeie webtuistes verkry en word as bylaes by hierdie studie aangeheg. Bronne oor media-etiek asook koerant- en tydskrifartikels wat oor die Suid-Afrikaanse polisiëringsorganisasies, misdaad en korrupsie handel, is noukeurig nagegaan. 'n Persoonlike onderhoud is met Ruda Landman van Carte Blanche gevoer, en met Jessica Pitchford van Special Assignment is 'n onderhoud per e-pos gevoer. Landman en Pitchford was albei betrokke by die samestelling van die betrokke

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Tsarwe, Stanley Zvinaiye. ""Too tired to speak?": investigating the reception of Radio Grahamstown's Lunchtime Live show as a means of linking local communities to power." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1002943.

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This study sets out to investigate Lunchtime Live, a twice-weekly, one-hour long current affairs show broadcast on a small community radio station, Radio Grahamstown, to understand its role in the local public sphere, and its value in helping civil society’s understanding of and involvement in the power structures and political activities in Grahamstown. Lunchtime Live seeks to cultivate a collective identity and promote public participation in the public affairs of Grahamstown. As a key avenue of investigation, this study seeks to test theory against practice, by evaluating Lunchtime Live’s aspirations against the audiences’ perception of it. This investigation uses qualitative content analysis of selected episodes of recorded transcripts of the shows that aired between August 2010 and March 2011, together with the audiences’ verbalised experiences of this programme through focus group discussions. The study principally uses qualitative research informed by reception theory. The research reveals three key findings. First, that resonance rather than resistance is the more dominant ‘stance’ or ‘attitude’ towards the content of Lunchtime Live. Residents interviewed agreed that the programme is able to give a “realistic” representation of their worldview, and thus is able to articulate issues that affect their lives. Second, that whilst the programme is helping establish links between members of the civil society as well as between civil society and their political representatives, residents feel that local democracy is failing to bring qualitative improvements to their everyday lives and that more ‘participation’ is unlikely to change this. Most respondents blame this on a lack of political will, incompetence, corruption and populist rhetoric by politicians who fail to deliver on the mantra of ‘a better life for all’ in the socioeconomic sphere. The study finds a scepticism and even cynicism that participatory media seems to be able to do little to dilute. Thirdly, in spite of the largely positive view about Lunchtime Live’s capacity to be a platform for public engagement, its participatory potential is structurally constrained by the material privations of most of its listeners. Given that in order to participate in talk shows and discussions audience members have to phone in, economic deprivation often precludes this. It is clear from this research that despite shows such as Lunchtime Live that are exploring new techniques of popular involvement, the voice of the ordinary people still struggles to be heard.

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Sanclemente, Vicenç. "Beating the drums! journalism, forum or platform: blogs in China and Cuba (2010) through the cases of Wang Keqin and Yoani Sánchez." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/401857.

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Es diu que és impossible que els països autoritaris tinguin una opinió pública plenament desenvolupada. Jürgen Habermas criticava Internet per la dispersió dels continguts i la manca de mediadors. No obstant això, a països com la Xina, en alguns períodes recents, els blocs i els Micro blocs van permetre introduir alguns espais de deliberació, així conduir casos fins els mitjans de comunicació tradicionals. Hem estudiat dos estats, Xina i Cuba amb un enfoc completament diferent cap a les noves tecnologies. Xina va decidir empènyer Internet com un mitjà de desenvolupament, a la vegada que el tractava de controlar, i els ciutadans cubans han viscut en un període d'extrema dificultat en l'accés. El bloc del periodista xinès Wang Keqin a la Xina i el de Generación Y de Yoani Sánchez a Cuba, van estar especialment actius l’any 2010. Per aquest treball, hem utilitzat una triangulació de mètodes: anàlisi quantitativa i qualitativa sobre el contingut dels posts i dels comentaris, combinat amb l'anàlisi etnològica, entrevistes directes als bloggers i als corresponsals. El bloc de Wang Keqin, un dels pioners del periodisme d'investigació a la Xina, va suposar crear una finestra per a casos d'injustícia a les províncies fins ampliar la controvèrsia a tot el país. El periodista esdevé la primera part essencial d'una cadena contra la impunitat. Ciutadans que sol·licitaven moralitat i justícia van col·laborar amb ell, amb sentit de compromís i de comunitat, per resoldre cada cas, que significava, que acabessin als tribunals la justícia. El treball de Yoani Sánchez es va veure influenciat pel contrast entre la manca d'accés a Internet en el seu propi país i la seva extraordinària influència a l'exterior. Ella elaborava, més que reportatges, articles d’opinió, editorials, sobre notícies o vida quotidiana. Va acabar convertint-se en un altaveu dels punts de vista dels dissidents mentre defensava el diàleg nacional. L'enorme quantitat de comentaris al seu bloc va servir per crear un grup de debat entre diferents tipus d'expatriats, que reconeixien Yoani Sánchez com una portaveu no oficial des de dins de l’illa.
Is is said that is impossible to have a fully developed public opinion in authoritarian countries. Jürgen Habermas criticized Internet because of the dispersion of content and the lack of mediators. However, in countries like China, in some recent periods, blogs and micro blogs permitted the introduction of some deliberation spaces, as well as targeting issues for mainstream media. We are studying two states, China and Cuba whose approach to new technologies has been completely different. China decided to push Internet as a tool for development, while trying to control it, and Cuban citizens have lived in a period of extreme difficulty in accessing. The blog of the Chinese journalist Wang Keqin in China and Generación Y from Yoani Sánchez, in Cuba, both bounded in a year of intense production in 2010. We used a triangulation of methods: quantitative and qualitative analysis on the content of posts and commentaries combined with ethnological analysis, adding direct interviews to the players and correspondents. The blog of Wang Keqin, one of the pioneers of investigative journalism in China, supposed to create a window for cases of injustice in the provinces and to move it to nationwide controversy. The journalist became the essential first part of a chain against impunity. Citizens asking for morality and justice collaborate with him, with a sense of engagement and community to resolve cases, which mean that finished went to justice. Yoani Sánchez work was heavily influenced by the contrast of the lack of Internet access in her country and her extraordinary influence abroad. More than reports, she elaborated opinion articles, editorials, based in her reflection about news or quotidian life. She becomes a speaker of dissent views while defending national dialogue. The enormous number of comments in her blog served to create a forum group, between different types of expatriates. They recognized Sánchez as an unofficial speaker from within.

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Plaça, Júnior João. "A Reportagem na tv: Caco Barcellos: um repórter e a injustiça social." Universidade Metodista de São Paulo, 2004. http://tede.metodista.br/jspui/handle/tede/809.

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Made available in DSpace on 2016-08-03T12:30:39Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Placa 2-td.pdf: 823821 bytes, checksum: 2d7098ae3f22de5fb8860878394ad161 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2004-03-31
The present paper proposes to highlight the importance of the investigative report and show the worth that must be observed in the commitment of a TV reporter s ethical professional performance, capable of changing the course of Brazil recent political history. The practical of the authentic journalism turns out to be converting. That is what happens with the performance of the reporter Caco Barcellos. He proposed himself to chase a single story for more than a year and, in the end, disclose the truth hidden during 30 years by the public authority. Such report triggered the reparation of a social injustice done against a brazilian young student. The strength of a report presented in a TV news is undeniable, mainly because of the penetration power of TV in all social layers as news media. Its importance rises significantly considering the fact that the report was presented in a series of three consecutive days on Jornal Nacional and because this program is the leader in audience in Rede Globo. The investment of this broadcasting station in a report like the one presented in this paper depends fundamentally by the presence of a reporter profoundly identified with the fight against social injustice. This is the profile of Caco Barcellos. He grew up in a poor outskirts of a big city and since very young, he revolted himself against the police attitude, that discriminate the common citizen and privileges the powerful ones. He transformed this accumulated angry into effective actions through revealing investigative report of social injustice committed every day. In moments when the space was short for the size of the report he wanted to broadcast, Caco published books and gained prizes but also faced lawsuits, moved by policemen who intended to destroy Caco s professional life, a reporter who dared to work seriously and find the documents that proved the abuses practiced against innocents, brutally murdered. The result is a exemplary professional performance, with a work method worthy to be followed, reflecting in the series of reports that dismantled the fake created by the Army and that can be considered a true journalism lesson.
Destacar a importância da reportagem investigativa, e mostrar o valor que deve ser observado no empenho da atuação profissional ética de um repórter de televisão, capaz de mudar o rumo da história política recente do Brasil, é o que se propõe o presente trabalho. A prática do jornalismo autêntico demonstra ser transformadora. É o que acontece com a atuação do repórter Caco Barcellos. Ele se propôs a perseguir uma história por mais de um ano e, ao final, mostrar uma verdade escondida durante 30 anos pelo poder público. Com tal reportagem, possibilitou a reparação de uma injustiça social cometida contra uma jovem estudante brasileira. A força da reportagem apresentada num telejornal é incontestável, em razão do potencial que representa a televisão na penetração em todas as camadas da sociedade como veículo de informação. Sendo a reportagem apresentada em série de três dias consecutivos pelo Jornal Nacional, eleva seu peso significativamente, devido à liderança de audiência do telejornal da Rede Globo. O investimento da emissora numa reportagem como a apresentada neste trabalho depende fundamentalmente da presença de um repórter profundamente identificado com a luta contra a injustiça social. E é este o perfil de Caco Barcellos. Ele cresceu na periferia pobre de uma metrópole, e desde muito cedo se revoltou contra a ação policial que discrimina o cidadão comum e privilegia os poderosos. Conseguiu transformar a raiva acumulada em ações efetivas através da reportagem investigativa reveladora da injustiça social cometida diariamente. Quando o espaço era pequeno para o tamanho do que tinha para reportar, Caco lançou livros, ganhou prêmios e enfrentou processos judiciais, movidos por policiais interessados em destruir a vida profissional do repórter que ousou trabalhar sério e encontrar os documentos que provavam os desmandos praticados contra inocentes, friamente assassinados. O resultado é uma atuação exemplar, com um método de trabalho digno de ser seguido, refletindo-se na série de reportagens que desmontou uma farsa montada pelo exército, e que pode ser considerada como uma verdadeira aula de jornalismo.

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Sanderberg, Emma, and Jennifer Alm. "En samvetslös diktator eller ett hjälplöst offer? : En kvalitativ studie av nyhetsrapporteringen kring Benny Fredriksson under metoo-rörelsen." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för medier och journalistik (MJ), 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-79579.

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The aim of the study was to examine the news coverage surrounding Stockholm City Theatre’s former CEO Benny Fredriksson during the metoo-movement, from the time of the accusations against him until a time after his death. The questions examined were: How is Benny Fredriksson represented at the time of the publishing of the accusations and at the time of his death? How are the anonymous witnesses and the journalism represented? How does the representation of victims and perpetrators change after the death of Benny Fredriksson? What are the differences and similarities in the reporting of Aftonbladet and Dagens Nyheter? To analyze this, we made a discourse analysis of 12 articles from Aftonbladet and 13 articles from Dagens Nyheter. The results showed that the roles of all the characters change during the coverage. At the time of the publishing of the accusations, Benny Fredriksson is represented as an evil dictator that harasses his employees at Stockholm City Theatre. After his death, Benny Fredriksson is represented as a victim of circumstances, helpless and full of anxiety. At first, the witnesses are represented as scared, helpless victims. At the end of the coverage the representation has changed, and the victims are instead represented as perpetrators that are accused of lying. The journalism goes from being represented as investigative journalism to being represented as a media hunt that killed Benny Fredriksson. Overall, Aftonbladet is more defending of the witnesses and the journalism while Dagens Nyheter is more defending of Benny Fredriksson. The study shows that a death can affect the news coverage and consequently how the characters are represented.

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Guenifi, Soraya. "I.F. Stone, journaliste politique independant. Parcours au coeur de réseaux militants." Thesis, Paris 3, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA030092.

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La carrière d’I.F. Stone (1907‐1989) le place en témoin privilégié des grands événements du XXe siècle. Par‐delà le sacro‐saint principe d’objectivité comme neutralité, ce journaliste politique indépendant s’implique personnellement dans les grandes causes radicales de la gauche américaine et internationale, d’abord au sein de la Old Left des années 1930 et 1940, puis contre le maccarthysme et la guerre froide dans les années 1950, et enfin, aux côtés de la jeunesse radicale de la New Left dans les années 1960 et 1970. À la fois observateur et participant, Stone favorise une méthode d’investigation proche de celle des muckrakers du tournant du XXe siècle, en particulier dans les pages de son propre journal I.F. Stone’s Weekly (1953‐1971), dans le but de révéler les discours mensongers du pouvoir et de dynamiser le débat démocratique. À travers l’étude du parcours d’I.F. Stone, cette thèse revêt un double enjeu : il s’agit d’abord de rendre compte d’une carrière restée en marge des récits historiques et marquée à la fois par le radicalisme et l’indépendance. Puis, parce qu’elle est jalonnée d’étapes constitutives de l’expérience radicale, l’historicisation de ce parcours permet de restaurer les aspects de continuité et de cohérence d’un engagement à la fois individuel et collectif, bien souvent présenté de façon tronquée. Grâce à une perspective enrichie par l’observation des réseaux militants proches de Stone, l’expérience formatrice des années 1930 résonne jusque dans les années 1960, confirmant au passage l’existence d’une résistance politique opposée au maccarthysme et au conformisme des années 1950
The career of I.F. Stone (1907‐1989) placed him at the center of the great events of the 20th century. Questioning American journalism’s equation of objectivity with neutrality, this independent political reporter was personally involved in all the great left‐wing, radical struggles both in the US and internationally. He was part of the Old Left of the 1930s and 1940s, an opponent of McCarthyism and the Cold War in the 1950s, and finally stood alongside the radical youth of the New Left in the 1960s and 1970s. Playing the role both of an observer and of a participant, Stone favored an investigation method similar to that used by the muckrakers at the beginning of the 20th century, especially in his own newspaper, I.F. Stone’s Weekly (1953‐1971). His goal was to expose the government’s fibs and lies, and energize the democratic debate. By studying I.F. Stone’s trajectory, this dissertation attempts to chart a career that has been kept on the margins of historical discourse, and which was characterized by both radicalism and independence. The dissertation also places Stone’s contribution in the constitutive stages of the radical experience in the U.S. The historicization of Stone’s career allows us to restore key elements of continuity and consistency to a set of political commitments which were both individual and collective, and often depicted in a disconnected manner. Our perspective is enriched by the analysis of militant networks Stone related to, revealing that the formative experience of the 1930s continued to resonate through the 1960s, marking a political resistance to McCarthyism and the conformism of the 1950s

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Urniaz, Piotr. "Redigering och skuld : Ett kognitivt perspektiv på redigeringensfunktioner i ansvarsutkrävande tv-reportage." Doctoral thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för kultur- och medievetenskaper, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-66907.

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Abstract: During the past decade, media researchers have intensified the study of media scandals and the role of journalism as an institution that holds social actors responsible for malfeasance and wrongdoings. On a micro level of analysis, the main attention has beendirected towards the journalistic interview and its use to promote the impression of guilt and journalistic neutrality. However, such studies have not been able to address the editing dimension of TV journalism that transforms conversation to another type of communicativepractice – that of communication through TV-flows composed of speech sequences, pictures,and sounds. This doctoral thesis develops a theoretical framework for analysis of the functions of editing inthe process of guilt attribution by journalistic TV-flows – e.g. investigative TV reporting. The purpose is also to contribute to an understanding of the relationship between the communicative competences of viewers and the contextualization of speech acts through the composition of TV-flows. The developed perspective consists of three parts: 1) A division of viewers’ reception of TV-flows in two types of interpersonal relations (to a speaker and to the composer) that involves six levels of cognitive activities. This division is based on the Habermasian notion of communicative rationality; 2) An intent-model, that lists communicative intentions expressed by the composer when speech sequences are merged and pictures are inserted; 3) A guilt-model, that encompasses guilt as a mental structure of ontologically separated elements (e.g. deed,intention, norm) and the associative relations that the viewer uses to create a meaningful whole– a fabula of guilt. The conveyed analysis of three cases of investigative reporting illustrates how the developed framework can be applied in the study of guilt attribution. The analyses also describe several compositional strategies by which the viewer is encouraged to make certain meaning, evaluate, and judge. The strategies concern the following areas: promotion of certain understanding of speech, promotion of certain evaluation of the validity claims, and promotion of certain understanding of the speaker’s intentions. Also strategies of positioning of the reporter in constructed discourses, that enhance the impression of her performances and argumentation, are explored. Furthermore, the composer’s strategies for masking intentions to interfere with the speech acts, by increasing intent ambiguity, are described. The guilt-model is used to understand the workings of the TV-flow on an overreaching level of meaning (the fabula level). Here, the analysis explains the interplay between portrayed intentions and acts, and the different ways in which condemning norms can be activated and highlighted. Furthermore, the model explores the possible employment of categorization in theprocess of guilt attribution (e.g. when properties of an individual are transferred to a group). In sum, this thesis contributes to a new way of understanding the reception of current affairs programs and TV journalism, as relation building between composer and viewer, by means of contextualization of speech acts.

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Chávez, Díaz Liliana Guadalupe. "Based on true stories : representing the self and the other in Latin American documentary narratives." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2017. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/267817.

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This doctoral thesis studies the relationship between journalism and literature in contexts in which freedom of speech is at risk. It takes as primary sources a variety of nonfiction, crónicas, literary journalism and testimonial novels published by Latin American authors in Spanish, from the 1950s to the 2000s. I propose the concept ‘documentary narratives’ to refer to all literary modes of discourse which are related, in diverse degrees, to a journalistic representation of reality. My corpus covers a wide range of topics such as social protests, dictatorships, civil wars, natural disaster, crime and migration. While scholars have focused on the rhetoric and history of this kind of narratives, my reading considers the real, face-to-face encounter between the journalist and others. I argue that the representation of these encounters influences the pact with the reader and challenges the notion of truthfulness. I contend that documentary narratives can serve as a tool for the transmission of knowledge and the production of public debate in societies marked by political and social instability. In a world overwhelmed by data production and immersed in violent acts against those to be considered ‘Others’, I argue that storytelling is still an essential form of communication among individuals, classes and cultures. Contrary to the authors’s intentions of documenting others’ lives, I conclude that these stories offer an (interrupted) account of oneself, that is, the account of a contemporary storyteller pursuing a rarely fulfilled desire of getting to know the Other truly. The thesis has two appendices. Appendix 1 showcases archival material that support some of my arguments. Appendix 2 includes the transcripts of the interviews that I conducted with eight Latin American authors: Elena Poniatowska, Leila Guerriero, Cristian Alarcón, Arturo Fontaine, Santiago Roncagliolo, Francisco Goldman, Martín Caparrós, and Juan Villoro.

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valiante, giuseppe. "Investigative Journalism in Montreal: “A Golden Age.”." Thesis, 2013. http://spectrum.library.concordia.ca/978444/1/G.Valiante.Final.April12.pdf.

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Investigative journalism in Montreal is healthy and robust, despite a North American media landscape in flux, where newspapers across the continent have closed or significantly reduced staff. Newsroom budgets have shrunk across the continent, and the migration of print content to the web has not brought with it a comparative level of advertising. This thesis is a case study that researched how Montreal’s investigative journalism environment has fared in light of the perceived newspaper crisis. The case study consists of a quantitative analysis of Montreal’s La Presse and The Gazette newspapers, which revealed that since 2009, investigative journalism articles increased in both papers. Additionally, through interviews with eight of Montreal’s mostprominent investigative journalists, I discovered three main reasons why the city has become a welcoming environment for one of the most costly and time-consuming journalistic projects: the rise of Radio-Canada’s Enquête program, which created a successful model for an investigative unit; a surge in whistleblowers coming forward and willing to risk their well-being; and finally, strong market competition and an adversarial newsroom culture. Investigative journalists in Montreal have uncovered severe cases of scandal and moral transgressions committed by Quebec’s elected officials and business leaders. Montreal’s investigative reporting has led to the resignations of big-city mayors and the arrests of prominent businessmen and members of criminal organizations. I demonstrate in this case study that there is a measurable increase of investigative work in the recent past and my interviews suggest that there is a perception among journalism stakeholders that investigative journalism is working well in Montreal.

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Yeh, Yun Shuan, and 葉雲炫. "Exploring the investigative reporting from the aspect of public journalism." Thesis, 2012. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/59608622410669770700.

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碩士
輔仁大學
大眾傳播學研究所
100
In recent years, television news reporting is increasingly rating-driven; therefore the entertainmentization and overtly sexualization of news have become the mainstream approach to news production. Consequently, investigative reporting has become critically neglected despite its imperative in embodying social responsibility and influence aspect of news media. This study aims to explore the ways in which journalists and station operators, while on the basis of pursuing public interest, approach news production for investigative reporting. The study will analyze the three processes in which journalists pick their topics, carry out the investigation, and edit the newsreel, as well as how the journalists proceed to expose wrong-doing while abiding by the rules of law and professional integrity. This study proposes four production guidelines and analysis of investigative reporting, based on scholar Jürgen Habermas’ framework of validity claim. Meanwhile, the author has conducted field research on the environment, resources, and on-job training for news production, via in-depth interviews with journalists and managers from six domestic news stations around the country. The study’s objective is to understand existing efforts on improving those conditions and establishing an independent unit of investigative reporting. Investigative reporting serves a powerful dual social function, which both scrutinizes government performance and exposes illegal relationship between business and government interests. During the in-depth interviews and analyses conducted in the study, it has found that most television stations are unwilling to establish unit of investigative reporting. While the causes are attributed to the emphasis on market-oriented, rating-driven content, as well as consideration over the cost of production, personal risks for the journalists, and legal concerns for the station; the result is that over time, there is a serious shortage in talent for investigative reporting, and even more severe lacking in news stories that fulfill the duties of monitoring public affairs. The study finds that in addition to providing better training and support environment for investigative journalists, news station senior executives should also take public interest into deliberation, and strengthen the social responsibility and influence of news media by producing more in-depth and visual-oriented investigative reports.

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Chuang, Chung-Lu, and 莊忠儒. "The Investigative Study of Implementation Condition on Elementary School Affairs Evaluation in Taipei County." Thesis, 2004. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/87048045423235178863.

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碩士
國立台北師範學院
教育政策與管理研究所
92
Abstract The research inquired into the implement condition of school affairs evaluation in elementary schools in county of Taipei. First, probing into the content and theoretical background of elementary school affairs evaluation; second, understanding the development context and implement condition of elementary school affairs evaluation; third, understanding elementary educators’ opinions and discrepancy on the 91st academic year school affairs evaluation; finally, proposing improvement suggestions for the implement of elementary school affairs evaluation, so as to provide the Department of Education of Taipei County reference on future implementing of school affairs evaluation. The study adopted literature analysis and questionnaire survey. The research objects included 672 school staffs from 44 schools which were evaluated by Taipei County Education Bureau in the 91st academic year. The total sampling population was 672, 441 of which were valid; the valid returns-ratio was 65.6%. The data obtained by questionnaire were analyzed by SPSS for Windows 11.5 with descriptive statistics, item analysis, reliability analysis, independent-sampling T-test, one-way ANOVA, and Scheffe’ method. According to the result of data analysis, the main findings were as follows: i. The gap between acknowledgement and attainment of the purpose and function of school affairs evaluation indicates that the implement of school affairs evaluation still needs improvement. ii. The lower the educators’ education level, the higher they agree with the purpose and function of school affairs evaluation and its attainment. iii. The trend of commissioners’ professional diversity was agreed by most of the participants. iv. School affairs evaluation commissioners’ professional ability of righteousness objectivity was approved. v. Most of the educators thought the time of evaluation is sufficient and the way of evaluation can reflect real situation of school. vi. The participant educators of Taipei county consent to the adequacy of the implement ways of school affairs evaluation. vii. The school affairs evaluation indicators in Taipei County covered contained every aspect of school administration. viii. The evaluation indicators can provide information for evaluation team when they were evaluating, and reflect the content of school work; but there were still room for amending and improving these evaluation indicators. ix. It was not proper for educational administrative institution to subsidize and distribute expenditure only accordance with the results of evaluation. x. The educators in Ban Chiao district had higher level of agreement on parts of school affairs evaluation processing and applying than other educators. xi. Educators of both genders were positive about the whole implement situation of school affairs evaluation in Taipei County. xii. The educators over 51 years old had the highest level of identification with the implement of school affairs evaluation. xiii. The Principals had the highest level of identification with the implement of school affairs evaluation. xiv. The educators with over 25 years seniority had the highest level of identification with the implement of school affairs evaluation. xv. The educators from schools of different size had no significant different viewpoints about the implement situation of school affairs evaluation. xvi. The educators from young and new schools had higher level of identification with the implement of school affairs evaluation. According to the above-mentioned conclusion, the researcher made the following suggestions: I Suggestions for educational administrative institutions i. to plan different teams to inspect the evaluated schools, so as to understand the operation of school affairs in depth. ii. The evaluation policy-making organization should hold preprofessional training, to raise the professional ability of evaluation staff. iii. The increase or decrease of the financial support should cautiously base on the outcomes of evaluation. iv. The educational authority concerned should advocate the purpose and function of school affairs evaluation, seeking more educational workers’ support. v. Integrate documents and electronic materials about the school management of the excellent evaluated schools, to provide reference for the rest schools in Taipei County. vi. As to the schools with poor grades, the educational authority concerned should employ professors and experts in related field, educational supervisors and guidance teachers to assist them to do well, in order to carry out the follow-up guidance of the evaluation outcome. vii. Integrate related evaluation works to reduce the burden of educators. II The suggestions for the evaluated schools i. The principal should advocate the concept of evaluation and raise teachers’ acknowledgement about the content of evaluation. ii. Realize the school-based evaluation system; lift the staff’s self-evaluation ability. iii. Realize the arrangement and preservation of instructional and administrative profiles, to reduce the impact on the staff due to school affairs evaluation. iv. Establish a good channel of communication among the school, the community and the PTA; represent instructional achievements regularly to avoid that the public inspect the school management only according to the evaluation report. v. Transform school-based evaluation; request educational supervisors to attend school to evaluate. III The suggestions for future studies i. To do the study on the secondary indicator system’s reliability and validity ii. To do the comparative study regarding the schools which were evaluated in the past years. iii. Adopt the methodology combining interview and scale, considering both qualitative and quantitative analysis methods. iv. Establish the standard for evaluation indicators to serve as score reference for evaluation team.

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Holloway, Joseph Abel. "Nonprofit online journalism and the quest for sustainability." Thesis, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/2152/ETD-UT-2011-05-3375.

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The author gives an in-depth look into nonprofit journalism, particularly in the form of online media. The report is divided into four sections. The first section provides a general overview of the online nonprofit news landscape and a brief discussion of why news organizations are looking to it as a possible model for sustainable news in the future. The profiles of specific nonprofit online news organizations begin with section two and an examination of ProPublica. Section three looks at the Texas Tribune. Section four looks at the Austin Post.
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Raghunath, Mahendra. "Investigative journalism and whistleblowers: the ethical handling of sources in the “Inkathagate” and “Vlakplaas” newspaper exposes’." Thesis, 2017. https://hdl.handle.net/10539/24582.

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A research report submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of the University of Witwatersrand’s Masters by Coursework and Research Report in Journalism studies, Johannesburg, February 2017
Journalists are often presented with leaked information from whistleblowers. Having the information and writing the story, as well as handling a source that may or may not want to be anonymous, gives rise to ethical dilemmas on the part of the journalist. This was certainly true for journalists reporting on the political violence in South Africa during the late 1980s and the early 1990s. Journalists operate under codes of practice that are set by various media organisations and must ensure that in using whistleblower information to write their stories, “they must avoid breaches of ethics, fairness, factual accuracy and contextual accuracy” (Houston, B. et al., 2002: 538). And most importantly, journalists are ethically bound to protect their sources. This research looks at the interaction between journalists and their sources of information in two major stories that involved the use of whistleblowers. It discusses and compares the issue of “source handling”, in the following two South African stories which used information leaked by whistleblowers: a. the 1991 “Inkathagate” story, which was broken by the Weekly Mail newspaper; b. “Vlakplaas” hit squad story, initially involving the Weekly Mail (20 October 1989) and then Vrye Weekblad (November 1989). This study also brings into focus the issue of strengthening journalistic ethics in the South African context. It contends that the “Inkathagate” and “Vlakplaas” stories were dependent on the verification of the information, as well as the ethical handling of the whistleblowers. This study raises questions about the motivations of the whistleblowers, their relationships with the journalists, as well as the critical role of the public’s “right to know”, or “public interest”.
XL2018

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Ojetimi, Sefiu Akinwali. "The South African press code and investigative journalism: an in-depth study of the Sunday Times." Thesis, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10539/11719.

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M.A. University of the Witwatersrand, Faculty of Humanities (Journalism and Media Studies), 2012
Application of the Press Code in relation to investigative journalism has become a topical issue in recent years following public criticism of breaches of the code by South African newspapers. Using the Sunday Times as a case study, this research examines the application of the Press Code to two Sunday Times stories that were publicly challenged – the Land Bank reports and the Transnet story – with a view to determine what went wrong and why. As the Press Code is a major instrument of self-regulation, the research uses the social responsibility theory of the press to provide a theoretical background that effective application of the code largely determines the credibility of this regulatory mechanism. In depth interviews and document analysis are the qualitative methods used in conducting the research. The study then draws on themes emerging from these two sources to address the research questions. Is the Press Code a set of rules which South African investigative journalists are actually familiar with? Does it inform the decisions they take? Is the Press Code seen as a help or hindrance? Can it be a force for good as a guideline for best practice? At what stage may investigative journalists have breached the Press Code and why? The findings demonstrate that investigative journalists at South African newspapers are aware of the Press Code and have “a fair idea” of what it is all about but lack the basic knowledge of its content to guide them in making informed decisions in their day-to-day practice. The findings also demonstrate that breaches of the Press Code in the Land Bank and Transnet stories were largely due to failure to properly apply the Code. Among causes of the breaches are the failure of the gatekeeping function, failure to get the views of subjects of reportage and the pressure of deadlines. The study also shows that effective application of the code could help keep journalists within reasonable limits and standards. Sufficient knowledge and conscientious application of the Press Code could also prevent breaches. If well managed by journalists and the industry, correct application of the Press Code could be of great help and a force for good as a guide for best practice of the profession. It could also protect the self-regulation system from its critics and the print media generally from criticisms of shabby journalism.

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Giachi, Francesca. "Rethinking the practice of accountability journalism in the digital age. The inception and development of the first Portuguese university-based investigative journalism centre and whistleblowing platform." Master's thesis, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10362/47052.

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At a time of worrying change, when Western traditional media outlets appear to be engulfed by the collapse of the advertising-based business model and can hardly bear the strain brought about by new technologies, the present study identifies an increasing information deficit as regards quality accountability reporting. Taking up Duffield and Cokley’s challenge to change in response to the demands of the time, the present paper supports the development of VALQUIRIA, at https://valquiria.org, a transmedia, multiplatform investigative journalism project integrated in the Faculty for Humanities and Social Sciences of the NOVA University of Lisbon. Valquíria, adopting a new sustainable media model, represents the very first attempt in Portugal to create a completely independent space for the education of investigative journalists, the assistance to foreign and local reporters, the production and diffusion of accountability reporting, technological products and innovative practices which can aid the profession. Featuring a vibrant crowd-sourcing and collaborative policy, its ultimate aim is to reinvigorate and enhance the practice of accountability journalism in Portugal, proving its urgency for preserving and guarding a healthy democracy. To change even more the traditional paradigm of public interest journalism, the project features a whistleblowing platform called PTLeaks: built in cooperation with the HERMES Center for Transparency and Digital Human rights, it is the first Portuguese GlobaLeaks initiative applied to investigative journalism.

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Steyn, Nantie. "Investigative journalism and the South African government: publishing strategies of newspaper editors from Muldergate to the present." Thesis, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10539/11729.

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M.A. University of the Witwatersrand, Faculty of Humanities (Journalism and Media Studies), 2012
The relationship between governments and the media has historically been an antagonistic one, and investigative journalism – the material manifestation of the role of the press as fourth estate – is central to this antagonism. In their capacity as the fourth estate, those newspapers that pursue and publish investigative journalism stand in opposition to government. Governments have responded to this opposition in a variety of ways; mostly, however, by way of legislated censorship of the press. In South Africa, the legislation that regulated what newspapers could print under apartheid was unusually vast. In spite of this, major exposés of government corruption – and worse – were seen on the front pages of those publications that pursue investigations into political malfeasance. In South Africa’s post-apartheid democracy, with constitutional protection of the freedom of expression, there has been increasing evidence of what Jackson has called the “embedded qualities of intolerance and secrecy” (1993: 164) in the state’s response to revelations of corruption in the press, culminating in the Protection of State Information Bill that was passed in Parliament in November 2011. The passing of the Bill has resulted in widespread concern about the possibility of legislated, apartheid-style censorship of the media and freedom of expression. I interviewed five editors who were part of exposing state corruption during and after apartheid, in order to establish what motivates their decisions to keep on printing stories that brings them into conflict with the political powers of the day, in spite of the financial consequences for their publications. Regardless of the different political landscapes, the strategies that they followed in order to keep on publishing were remarkably similar, as is their reason for continuing to publish investigative stories: they believe it embodies the role of the press in a democracy. Indicators are that editors will keep on publishing, in spite of attempts by the government to gag the press.

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Abdool, Zeenat. "Social media and investigative journalism in South Africa: The extent to which investigative journalists in South Africa use social media to further their investigations, the impact and its pitfalls." Thesis, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10539/18440.

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This research explores the level to which investigative journalists in South Africa use social media applications to further their investigations. As social media applications such as Facebook and Twitter are instant tools for news agencies and reporters, investigative journalists are also benefitting from the use of these tools. This paper will explore how these tools are used by investigative journalists in South Africa, for what purposes and explore the challenges that may arise. Emphasis is placed on Facebook and Twitter as the research found that these social media applications are the most commonly used applications by investigative journalists in South Africa. This research is located within two theories namely Jurgen Habermas’s (1989) theory of the public sphere and John Arundel Barnes’s (1954) social network theory. These theories explore how social media applications create networks that are beneficial for investigative journalists for a variety of reasons. The discussions that take place on social media applications contribute to the digital public sphere – a platform where people can come together to discuss issues of relevance to them. Investigative journalists form part of the digital public sphere and this adds value to investigations. This research further delves into the change of relationship investigative newsrooms have with their ‘audience’ because of social media applications. Social media applications, such as Twitter and Facebook, have led to consumers of news no longer being passive viewers or listeners of news, but rather having an opportunity to voice their opinions, provide feedback and share information that influences investigations. Both quantitative and qualitative research methods were used to ascertain which investigative journalists are using social media in their investigations followed by in- depth interviews across the country.

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Kodhajová, Nina. "Role technologických týmů v redakcích." Master's thesis, 2021. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-449543.

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The thesis deals with the presence of the technology team in various types of newsrooms of investigative journalism. The aim of the work is to find out the degree of representation of the technological component in the Slovak and Czech newsrooms. In case of their absence to find out the work process of journalists in more technologically demanding tasks. The theoretical part introduces the basic terminology of this field and this part is based on the data from quantitative study from 2019 conducted under the auspices of the ICFJ. In the practical part, qualitative research will be carried out in the form of semi-structured interviews with representatives of selected newsrooms.

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Cruz, Mariana Teófilo da. "A construção da Reportagem de Investigação: A Rota dos Afegãos -" os cinco escolhidos, os cinco esquecidos"." Master's thesis, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10362/77781.

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Através das técnicas do jornalismo de investigação foi possível descobrir o que aconteceu aos cinco menores não acompanhados afegãos que chegaram a Portugal integrados num projeto-piloto, em março de 2017, com a promessa de uma vida melhor. Com base nas especificidades do jornalismo de investigação, pondo à prova a sua própria resistência no quadro atual e a descoberto as suas limitações, será detalhado o que realmente falhou neste projeto. Os cinco rapazes vinham de lares e campos de refugiados na Grécia, o que para eles seria o fim de linha. Portugal quis ser o primeiro país europeu a receber menores não acompanhados afegãos, o que na altura foi visto como um ato de grande generosidade. Quando chegaram foram notícia na maioria da imprensa nacional, mas rapidamente caíram no esquecimento. Ao longo deste trabalho serão refletidas as dificuldades e os desafios da construção da reportagem de investigação, com todas as condicionantes que esta história envolve.
Through investigative journalism techniques, it was possible to find out what happened to the five unaccompanied afghan minors who arrived in Portugal in a pilot project in March 2017 with the promess of a better life. Based on the specificities of investigative journalism, testing it is own resistance in the current framework and uncovering the limitations, will be detailed what really failed in this pilot project. The five boys came from facilities accommodations and refugee camps in Greece. Portugal wanted to be the first European country to receive unaccompanied Afghan minors, which was seen as an act of great generosity. When they arrived they were noticed in most of the national press, but quickly fell into oblivion. Throughout this work will be reflected the difficulties and the challenges of the construction of investigative reporting, with all the constraints that this story involves.

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Kroupa, Tomáš. "Novináři a ochrana zdrojů ve filmové tvorbě." Master's thesis, 2013. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-326552.

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This diploma thesis named "Journalists and source protection in motion pictures" focuses on investigative journalists pictured in movies that have originated in Anglo-American language and cultural area. Analyzed are such movies that either have been filmed or have had their opening night in last three decades of the twentieth century or the first decade of twenty first century. From 1970s decade there is one movie analyzed while from all the other decades there are always two movies were being taken into analysis. Theoretical part of this thesis consists first of all of all necessary terms followed by several chapters about history of investigative journalism in English speaking countries. Several important personas and events from the area of investigative journalism from the twentieth century are also mentioned. Political movies from 1960s and 1970s are also briefly mentioned at this point. Briefly discussed are also principles of qualitative analysis method and necessary assumptions. Within the practical part of this thesis every movie is described and analyzed. Specific qualitative analysis method is the same in case of all the analyzed movies and results are discussed in specific subchapters by the same structure so all movies can be easily compared and cross-analyzed. Detailed descriptions...

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Monteiro, Andreia Cristina Troncão. "A reportagem de investigação online em Portugal." Master's thesis, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.14/31012.

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A reportagem de investigação é um género jornalístico que surge no âmbito do jornalismo de investigação, e expõe realidades escondidas ao apresentar de forma rigorosa o cruzamento de informações obtidas através de fontes humanas, documentais/oficiais e de marcas de presença no terreno, recorrendo ao uso de técnicas linguísticas da reportagem. Sendo uma ferramenta essencial para a manutenção dos sistemas democráticos, investigações mostram que o espaço mediático disponível para as reportagens está comprometido devido à aceleração da precariedade da profissão de jornalista e a constrangimentos económicos que se revelam na inexistência de um modelo de negócio que se comprove sustentável para os meios de comunicação social, um problema muitas vezes associado à migração para o ambiente digital. Este estudo pretende esclarecer a importância da existência da reportagem de investigação no contexto jornalístico, se há uma crise deste género e quais os seus fatores e refletir sobre estratégias para a sua continuidade no meio online. Desta forma, formulou-se como pergunta de partida quais as formas de combate aos constrangimentos económicos na prática jornalística para a realização de reportagens de investigação escritas online. Com base na revisão de literatura, aplicou-se uma metodologia qualitativa que compreendeu a realização de entrevistas semiestruturadas a jornalistas portugueses e uma análise de conteúdo a dois meios de comunicação mainstream e a dois projetos de jornalismo alternativo em Portugal. A análise dos resultados revelou que os constrangimentos económicos associados à realização deste género jornalístico podem ser atenuados através de três campos de ação: a consciencialização acerca do contexto sociocultural onde assenta o jornalismo português, a aposta em modelos de negócio alternativos ao poder de empresas privadas ou o apoio do Estado e a maximização das potencialidades da Internet para apresentar, difundir e promover a reportagem de investigação online. Tendo isto em consideração, recomenda-se que os órgãos de comunicação social se dissociem dos vícios culturais do país, sejam capazes de refletir sobre uma autocritica e apostem em fórmulas inovadoras quer de financiamento, quer de adaptação dos conteúdos às potencialidades do digital.
Investigative reporting is a journalistic genre that emerges from the field of investigative journalism and exposes hidden realities by accurately presenting the crossreferencing of information obtained from human, documentary/official sources and marks of presence in the field of action, making use of reporting linguistic techniques. Being an essential tool for maintaining democratic systems, research shows that the mediatic space available for reporting is compromised due to the accelerated precariousness of the journalist profession and the economic constraints which are revealed by the absence of a sustainable business model for the media, a problem often associated with the migration to the digital environment. This study aims to clarify the importance of investigative reporting in the journalistic context, if there is such a crisis and what are its factors and to reflect on strategies for its continuity in the online environment. Thus, it was formulated as a starting question what are the ways to combat the economic constraints in journalistic practice for conducting investigative reporting written online. Based on the literature review, a qualitative methodology was applied, which included semi-structured interviews with Portuguese journalists and a content analysis of two mainstream media and two alternative journalism projects in Portugal. The analysis of the results revealed that the economic constraints associated with the realization of this journalistic genre can be mitigated through three fields of action: raising awareness about the sociocultural context on which Portuguese journalism is based, betting on business models alternative to the power of private companies or of the state and maximizing the potential of the Internet to present, disseminate and promote online research reporting. With this in mind, it is recommended that the media dissociate themselves from the cultural vices of the country, be able to reflect on self-criticism and bet on innovative formulas both for financing and for adapting content to digital potential

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Štrup, David. "Prolínání politické a mediální moci na případu Radka Johna a pořadu Bez cenzury." Master's thesis, 2016. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-347968.

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This thesis considers the role of former politician and journalist Radek John in an investigative programme Bez cenzury on TV Barrandov. Even though John was a politician and leader of Czech political party Věci veřejné, he decided to return to journalism. He did so with no intention of resigning his chair in the Chamber of Deputies, part of the Parliament of the Czech Republic. With this in mind, this could be considered as a specific representation of political parallelism. This study describes specific cases where Radek John might have acted contrary to normative journalistic values and journalism ethics. Furthermore, the thesis analyses the possibility that Radek John's own political interests and opinions affected the television programme itself. The research is conducted using the method of a case study which combines qualitative and quantitative content analysis, qualitative interviews and other research methods. Consequently, the analysis found signs of biased reporting in the programme's introduction and some stories, which reflected Radek John's antipathy towards traditional political parties and their leaders. However, the research did not reveal any direct support of Věci veřejné or their representatives. Furthermore, the thesis also presents media, academic and political responses to...

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Francisco, Gustavo Ribeiro de. "Jornalismo investigativo na internet financiado e pautado pelo leitor: o caso do Reportagem Pública 2017." Master's thesis, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10284/8461.

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Esta pesquisa incide sobre os novos modelos de negócios para o jornalismo investigativo publicado na internet e como eles permitem a participação do leitor no processo editorial. Entende-se que é necessário haver tal discussão em um momento em que a credibilidade do jornalismo é colocada na berlinda para que se busque uma maneira de reposicionar o jornalismo como um elemento determinante para as sociedades democráticas. Dessa forma, busca-se compreender como o crowdfunding, ou financiamento coletivo, empodera o leitor na decisão de pautas que se transformam em reportagens investigativas voltadas especificamente para o meio digital. Para o efeito, recorreu-se primeiramente à revisão de literatura acerca de jornalismo investigativo, ciberjornalismo, modelos de negócios para o jornalismo e participação do leitor, para então seguir-se para o estudo de caso, levado a cabo por meio de entrevistas e análise de conteúdo quantitativa e qualitativa, da campanha de financiamento coletivo Reportagem Pública 2017, realizada pela Agência Pública, que viabilizou a produção de oito pautas investigativas que foram escolhidas pelos apoiadores. Entre os principais resultados, destacam-se que o crowdfunding é um modelo viável para o jornalismo independente na internet e, ao mesmo tempo, aproxima o leitor do processo editorial na definição do que é interesse público. Além disso, verificou-se que o jornalista sente-se mais comprometido e responsável na produção de reportagens quando ela está sob escrutínio do apoiador. Ademais, as reportagens publicadas se aprofundaram e apresentaram características de textos longform. Por fim, entende-se ser possível avançar no sentido de produzir reportagens que utilizem as potencialidades que a internet propicia ao jornalismo.
This research focuses on the new business models for investigative journalism published on the Internet and how they allow the readers to participate in the editorial process. It is understood that such a discussion is necessary at a time when the credibility of journalism is put in the spotlight to find a way to reposition journalism as a determining tool for democratic societies. In this way, it is sought to understand how crowdfunding, or collective financing, empowers the reader in the decision of subjects that become investigative reports focused specifically on the digital format. For this purpose, we first resorted to a literature review on investigative journalism, cyberjournalism, business models for journalism and reader participation, and then proceeded to the case study, carried out through interviews and content analysis both quantitative and qualitative, of the crowdfunding campaign Reportagem Pública 2017, carried out by the Agência Pública, which allowed the production of eight investigative stories that were chosen by the supporters. Among the main results, it is emphasized that crowdfunding is a viable model for independent journalism on the internet and, at the same time, it brings the reader closer to the editorial process in defining what is public interest. In addition, it has been found that the journalist feels more committed and responsible in the production of stories when it is under scrutiny of the supporter. Beside that, the stories have deepened and presented characteristics of longform articles. Finally, it is understood that there is room for progress in producing stories that use the potential of the Internet for journalism.

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Hubeňáková, Monika. "Role investigativní žurnalistiky v demokratické společnosti na příkladu Güntera Wallraffa." Master's thesis, 2020. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-410830.

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This diploma thesis deals with the topic of investigative journalism in a democratic society, on the example of Günter Wallraff, a pioneer of German investigative journalists. His work and methods are controversial and questioned, so I focused on what ethical and legal obstacles his two selected works had to overcome. I chose two reports - Informationen aus dem Hinterland and Ganz unten, from the seventies and eighties of the twentieth century. Both reports were filmed with a hidden camera and were therefore not accepted by the public at first, but after the Federal Constitutional Court's decision, the hidden camera search method was just recognized if it leads to the detection of misstatements. To answer the research questions, I worked with period archival articles and secondary literature. I have connected concrete information from the articles with the knowledge from secondary literature. Reconstructing the link between the two works, the motive of the whole work was journalism as the fourth power in the state, which ensures respect for human rights and freedoms and thus contributes to the maintenance of a democratic society.

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50

Faure, Cornelia. "Ondersoekende joernalistiek en sosiale verandering : 'n ontleding en evaluering van die agendastellingsrol van Vrye Weekblad (1988-1993)." Thesis, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/16773.

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Text in Afrikaans
Die navorsingsonderwerp van hierdie proefskrif is ondersoekende joernalistiek en die moontlike of waarskynlike invloed wat die spesifieke joernalistieke praktyk op die proses van sosiale verandering kan uitoefen. Daar word van die aanname uitgegaan dat koerantberigte weens ondersoekende joernalistiek in sommige gevalle kan lei tot die bewusmaking van ongeregtighede en/of onregmatige dade in die samelewing en dat die joernalistieke praktyk 'n bydraende faktor of soms 'n katalisator tot optredes van owerhede en uiteindelik sosiale verandering kan wees. Om die aanname toe te lig, word eerstens gekyk na die betekenis van sosiale verandering. Antwoorde word onder meer gesoek op vrae soos: (i) Wat is sosiale verandering? en (ii) Wat is die invloed van die media op sosiale verandering? Tweedens word daar gekyk na wat ondersoekende joernalistiek behels en hoe dit verskil van veral die konvensionele joernalistieke praktyk. Derdens word 'n profiel van Vrye Weekblad gegee ten einde die koerant as gevallestudie te regverdig. Vierdens word 'n model vir die kwalitatiewe inhoudsontleding van voorbeelde van ondersoekende joernalistiek geformuleer. Vyfdens word die model empiries getoets op ondersoeke wat deur Vrye Weekblad gedoen is. Laastens word gepoog om die teoretiese perspektiewe oor sosiale verandering en die invloed van die media te versoen met die empiriese ontledings van die voorbeelde van ondersoekende joernalistiek in Vrye Weekblad.
The research topic of this thesis is investigative journalism and the possible or probable influence that this specific journalistic practice may have on the process of social change. The study proceeds from the assumption that investigative newspaper reports can in some instances lead to an awareness of injustices and/or illegal actions in society. This form of journalistic practice could therefore be a contributing factor, and in some cases, a catalyst for government action and ultimately social change. To elaborate on this assumption, attention is firstly given to the meaning of social change. In this respect answers to the following questions are sought: (i) What is social change? and (ii) What is the influence of the media on social change? Secondly, attention is given to the characteristics of investigative journalism and how this practice differs from conventional journalism. Thirdly a profile of Vrye Weekblad is offered in order to justify the case study. Fourthly a model for the qualitative content analysis of instances of investigative journalism is formulated. Fifthly this model is tested empirically on investigations undertaken by Vrye Weekblad. Finally an attempt is made to reconcile the theoretical perspectives on social change and the influence of the media with the empirical analyses of investigative journalism in Vrye Weekblad.
Communication Science
D. Litt et Phil. (Kommunikasiekunde)

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'The condition of investigative journalism'

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