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Journal articles on the topic 'The crab story'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 28 July 2025

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1

Barry, Savanna, Holly Abeels, and Shelly Krueger. "The American Horseshoe Crab (Limulus polyphemus)." EDIS 2020, no. 5 (2020): 3. http://dx.doi.org/10.32473/edis-sg190-2020.

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American horseshoe crabs (<em>Limulus polyphemus</em>) look prehistoric and in fact really have not changed very much in the 200 million years they have been around. This 3-page fact sheet written by Savanna Barry, Holly Abeels, and Shelly Krueger and published by the UF/IFAS Program in Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, School of Forest Resources and Conservation tells the story of these interesting and valuable "living fossils," including their importance both to ecology and human medicine. It provides tips on how to find horseshoe crabs and a few ways you can help them.

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Alvarez, Sharon A., Susan L. Young, and Jennifer L. Woolley. "Opportunities and institutions: A co-creation story of the king crab industry." Journal of Business Venturing 30, no. 1 (2015): 95–112. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusvent.2014.07.011.

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Pellérdi, Márta. "“Uprooted:” Anton Chekhov’s Influence on Frank O’Connor." Acta Universitatis Sapientiae, Philologica 12, no. 1 (2020): 98–109. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/ausp-2020-0008.

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Abstract Thus far perhaps the most acclaimed Irish practitioner of the short story, Frank O’Connor, attributes a lasting influence to Russian author Anton Chekhov when he considers the direction that the modern Irish short story was to take in the twentieth century. In The Lonely Voice: A Study of the Short Story (1963), O’Connor emphasized two particular themes in Chekhov’s short fiction that influenced his own stories: on the one hand, a preoccupation with loneliness; on the other, a belief that venial sin, or the adoption of a false personality, was “far more destructive” than mortal sin it

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Novitasari, Ayuningtyas, and Anak Agung Gede Bagus Antara Putra. "Cerita Pedanda Baka Sebagai Media Pendidikan Karakter Sejak Anak Usia Dini." Metta : Jurnal Ilmu Multidisiplin 3, no. 4 (2023): 595–605. http://dx.doi.org/10.37329/metta.v3i4.3198.

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Various media outlets have reported about children's bad behavior lately. Some of the violence committed by against their own friends, lack of respect for parents and teachers, show the bad character of children. teachers, show the bad character of children. This inspired the author to explore the cultures that were used as a medium for shaping children's character by their parents. children's character by their parents. Balinese society has a variety of cultures that can be used as a medium for character education, such as the culture of storytelling for children. Character education throught

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Havens, Kirk, Donna Marie Bilkovic, David Stanhope, and Kory Angstadt. "Fishery failure, unemployed commercial fishers, and lost blue crab pots: An unexpected success story." Environmental Science & Policy 14, no. 4 (2011): 445–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.envsci.2011.01.002.

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Qomariyah, L., R. Z. Wicaksono, K. C. Nugroho, and W. Setioko. "The proportion of the egg berried female crabs and the hatching time based on differences in the eggs colour of the blue swimming crab in the crab box apartment." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1251, no. 1 (2023): 012056. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1251/1/012056.

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Abstract Fishermen in Pagagan Village who get the egg-berried female (EBF) of blue swimming crabs can store them in the Crab Box Apartment that has been provided on the coast so that the crabs incubate their eggs. The placement of EBF crabs in the crab box apartment showed fishermen actively participating in sustainable crab management. The EBF crabs are quite varied, especially in egg colour (yellow, orange, brown, and grey). This study used descriptive analysis to identify the EBF crab’s hatching time based on the egg colour that is incubated in the crab apartment. The result showed that the

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Krisnawan, I. Made Arsa, Ida Bagus Ketut Trinawindu, and I. Wayan Nuriarta. "Perancangan Animasi Anak-Anak Tentang Drone oleh Crab Studio di Kebo Iwa Denpasar." AMARASI: JURNAL DESAIN KOMUNIKASI VISUAL 4, no. 02 (2023): 211–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.59997/amarasi.v4i02.2406.

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 Manusia adalah salah satu makhluk hidup yang senantiasa berkembang menuju kematangan fisik dan emosi. Masa anak-anak adalah salah satu masa keemasan manusia yang sangat menentukan karakter pada saat mereka akan dewasa. Salah satu media Pendidikan karakter yang saat ini sangat diminati anak adalah media animasi. Animasi mampu menyederhanakan pemahaman sebuah persitiwa kompleks, simulasi teknologi yang rumit menjadi sebuah gambaran sederhana yang mudah dipahami dengan bantuan story telling serta gambar visual yang menarik. Fakta ini mendorong penulis untuk membuat sebuah kajian desain ani

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Bawondes, Bella Valencia. "Binary Opposition and Anthropomorphism In Three Southeast Asian Folktales involving Animals." Lingua Susastra 5, no. 1 (2024): 19–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.24036/ls.v5i1.264.

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In folktales, the act of labeling certain animals with certain traits is normal. However does it completely the truth? This paper then aims to examine the binary opposition and anthropomorphism within the three Asian folktales, The Quarrel of the Monkey and the Crab, The Turtle, and The Lizard, and Sang Kancil counts The Crocodile as the characters within the story are labeled as opposite from each other and people commonly agree with that kind of labeling. In analyzing these three stories, this paper will use a qualitative method to gather the materials that are needed along with Strauss’s co

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Jones, Heather. "Maritime Drama and the Maritime Way of Life." Canadian Theatre Review 93 (December 1997): 74–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.3138/ctr.93.012.

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“I finally got tired ,” Charlie Rhindress writes, “of not being taken seriously as a writer because I tend to write pop culture stuff as opposed to ‘Maritime drama’ and this new play was the result.” The Maritime Way of Life is billed as a satire on the maritime way of life, but it might as easily be called a satire of dramatic representations of the maritime way of life. “The story,” as related by Tom McCoag, “deals with a hard luck, rural New Brunswick family forced by economic conditions to milk the system.... There is the devious grandma; the proud, but bumbling father; the tireless, self-

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Darmawan, Steven, Harto Tanujaya, Glorianus Jonathan Hie, and Crispin Verdianza. "PRELIMINARY DESIGN OF THERMOELECTRIC COOLER BOX FOR MUD CRAB (SCYLLA)." International Journal of Application on Sciences, Technology and Engineering 1, no. 3 (2023): 1009–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.24912/ijaste.v1.i3.1009-1018.

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Mud Crab (Scylla) is a species of crab that is popular seafood that can be easly found in Indonesia, especially in Sumatera Island. Unlike crab, mud crab can preserve at fishing spot before transportes and distributed. Conventional preservation of mud crab uses block ice to reach -20oC temp in cooler box which is heavy and contribute most on fishing boat. Block ice load is more than 60% of a cooler box and can be easly melt due to inproper handling. Therefore, a more modern method which lighter and lower energy consumption is needed. Preliminary cooler box design with thermoelectric module is

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Damayanti, Putri, and Ratna Suhartini. "Inovasi Men’s Fashion: Pengaplikasian Teknik Arsir Silang pada Ilustrasi Relief Candi Menggunakan Digital Printing." BAJU: Journal of Fashion and Textile Design Unesa 5, no. 1 (2024): 64–76. https://doi.org/10.26740/baju.v5n1.p64-76.

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This research is to find out the process of men's shirts using the idea of the Surowono temple relief by combining elements of traditional art with modern technology to create a unique and interesting product. Inspired by the relief which depicts the story of a stork's neck being clamped to death by a crab. Using cross-hatching techniques to make illustrations have a unique and bold appearance. Then the illustrations are printed using digital printing techniques. The use of digital printing makes it possible to print temple relief illustrations with a high and accurate level of detail on men

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Lucrezi, Serena, Thomas A. Schlacher, and Wayne Robinson. "Can storms and shore armouring exert additive effectson sandy-beach habitats and biota?" Marine and Freshwater Research 61, no. 9 (2010): 951. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mf09259.

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Increased storminess is a likely consequence of global climate change; its effects may be most dramatic on coasts dominated by sandy beaches. This scenario demands that the impacts of storms and the role of armouring structures, constructed as storm defences, are better understood. Here, we assess how a relatively small storm affected beach morphology and macrobenthos, and whether a seawall can modulate such impacts. The study system was a small (<1.5 km long) beach, bisected into parts with and without a seawall. The beach became narrower and steeper during the storm, when 26% of the subae

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Yulsafli, Yulsafli, Burhanuddin AG, and Ismawirna Ismawirna. "Kode Sastra dalam Sastra Lisan Aceh Hikayat Jugi Tapa." Jurnal Humaniora : Jurnal Ilmu Sosial, Ekonomi dan Hukum 2, no. 2 (2018): 118–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.30601/humaniora.v2i2.59.

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Jugi Tapa saga is oral literature in Sawang District. North Aceh Regency, Aceh Province. This saga tells the story of the main character named Leubee Muda. Then, Leubee Muda became a heretic because he opposed his teacher named Teungku Lhok Drien. After his heresy, he was called Jugi Tapa, who became the title of this saga.One day, his teacher asked him to deliver a book to Teungku Jambo Haji. The teacher advised him not to read the book. However, Leubee Muda violated the mandate of his teacher, he read and practiced the entire contents of the book. Because of his intelligence, in a short time

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van Tienderen, Kaj M., and Sancia E. T. van der Meij. "Occurrence patterns of coral-dwelling gall crabs (Cryptochiridae) over depth intervals in the Caribbean." PeerJ 4 (March 10, 2016): e1794. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.1794.

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Coral-associated invertebrates form a major part of the diversity on reefs, but their distribution and occurrence patterns are virtually unstudied. For associated taxa data are lacking on their distribution across shelves and environmental gradients, but also over various depths. Off Curaçao we studied the prevalence and density of coral-dwelling gall crabs (Cryptochiridae), obligate symbionts of stony corals. Belt transects (10 × 0.5m2) were laid out at 6, 12 and 18 m depth intervals at 27 localities. Twenty-one known host coral species were surveyed, measured, and the number of crab dwelling

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van der Meij, Sancia E. T. "The coral genus Caulastraea Dana, 1846 (Scleractinia, Merulinidae) as a new host for gall crabs (Decapoda, Cryptochiridae), with the description of Lithoscaptus tuerkayi sp. nov." Crustaceana 90, no. 7-10 (2017): 1027–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15685403-00003607.

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A new gall crab species is described from the stony coral genusCaulastraea, a new host coral genus for Cryptochiridae crabs. Specimens were collected during fieldwork off Kudat (Malaysian Borneo) and Okinawa (Japan). Further material was retrieved from the collections of the Institute of Oceanography in Nha Trang (Vietnam). The new species, here namedLithoscaptus tuerkayisp. nov., is the tenth assigned to the genus in which it is tentatively placed. It can be separated from its congeners by the strongly demarcated, inverted V-shaped protuberance flanking the mesogastric region, with denuded sp

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Prakriya, Murali, and Richard S. Lewis. "Separation and Characterization of Currents through Store-operated CRAC Channels and Mg2+-inhibited Cation (MIC) Channels." Journal of General Physiology 119, no. 5 (2002): 487–508. http://dx.doi.org/10.1085/jgp.20028551.

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Although store-operated calcium release–activated Ca2+(CRAC) channels are highly Ca2+-selective under physiological ionic conditions, removal of extracellular divalent cations makes them freely permeable to monovalent cations. Several past studies have concluded that under these conditions CRAC channels conduct Na+and Cs+with a unitary conductance of ∼40 pS, and that intracellular Mg2+modulates their activity and selectivity. These results have important implications for understanding ion permeation through CRAC channels and for screening potential CRAC channel genes. We find that the observed

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Lis, Annette, Susanna Zierler, Christine Peinelt, Andrea Fleig, and Reinhold Penner. "A single lysine in the N-terminal region of store-operated channels is critical for STIM1-mediated gating." Journal of General Physiology 136, no. 6 (2010): 673–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1085/jgp.201010484.

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Store-operated Ca2+ entry is controlled by the interaction of stromal interaction molecules (STIMs) acting as endoplasmic reticulum ER Ca2+ sensors with calcium release–activated calcium (CRAC) channels (CRACM1/2/3 or Orai1/2/3) in the plasma membrane. Here, we report structural requirements of STIM1-mediated activation of CRACM1 and CRACM3 using truncations, point mutations, and CRACM1/CRACM3 chimeras. In accordance with previous studies, truncating the N-terminal region of CRACM1 or CRACM3 revealed a 20–amino acid stretch close to the plasma membrane important for channel gating. Exchanging

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Luik, Riina M., Minnie M. Wu, JoAnn Buchanan, and Richard S. Lewis. "The elementary unit of store-operated Ca2+ entry: local activation of CRAC channels by STIM1 at ER–plasma membrane junctions." Journal of Cell Biology 174, no. 6 (2006): 815–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1083/jcb.200604015.

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The activation of store-operated Ca2+ entry by Ca2+ store depletion has long been hypothesized to occur via local interactions of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and plasma membrane, but the structure involved has never been identified. Store depletion causes the ER Ca2+ sensor stromal interacting molecule 1 (STIM1) to form puncta by accumulating in junctional ER located 10–25 nm from the plasma membrane (see Wu et al. on p. 803 of this issue). We have combined total internal reflection fluorescence (TIRF) microscopy and patch-clamp recording to localize STIM1 and sites of Ca2+ influx through o

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Campbell, Neil. "From Story to Film:Brokeback Mountain’s “In-Between” Spaces." Canadian Review of American Studies 39, no. 2 (2009): 205–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.3138/cras.39.2.205.

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20

Garrelts, Haley. "Tainted Love: Tracing Connie’s Trauma Through Music in Joyce Carol Oates’s “Where Are You Going, Where Have You Been?”." Canadian Review of American Studies 55, no. 1 (2025): 48–67. https://doi.org/10.3138/cras-2025-003.

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“Tainted Love” invites a new reading of Joyce Carol Oates’s critically acclaimed short story, “Where Are You Going, Where Have You Been?” by analyzing the story’s evolving musical elements through a fusion of trauma studies and sound studies. Early in the story, 1950s popular music guides protagonist Connie in navigating her life and misleads her about the implications of having sex with Eddie before she is ready. After her sexual encounter, popular music abandons her and forces her to navigate the subsequent sonic advances of Arnold Friend alone. In exploring how the evolution of sound in the

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Mrs., V. Sangeetha, and Swarnamuki K. "A cram on the interpretation of myth in Ngugi's "The River Between"." International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development 2, no. 3 (2018): 1122–23. https://doi.org/10.31142/ijtsrd11301.

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A myth is a traditional story consisting of events that are ostensibly historical, though often supernatural, explaining the origins of a cultural practice or natural phenomenon. The word myth is derived from the Greek word mythos, which simply means story . Mythology can refer either to the study of myths, or to a body or collection of myths. It can mean sacred story, traditional narrative or tale of the gods. A myth can also be a story to explain why something exists. Mrs. V. Sangeetha | K. Swarnamuki "A cram on the interpretation of myth in Ngugi's "The River Between"&quo

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Dagan, Inbal, and Raz Palty. "Regulation of Store-Operated Ca2+ Entry by SARAF." Cells 10, no. 8 (2021): 1887. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells10081887.

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Calcium (Ca2+) signaling plays a dichotomous role in cellular biology, controlling cell survival and proliferation on the one hand and cellular toxicity and cell death on the other. Store-operated Ca2+ entry (SOCE) by CRAC channels represents a major pathway for Ca2+ entry in non-excitable cells. The CRAC channel has two key components, the endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ sensor stromal interaction molecule (STIM) and the plasma-membrane Ca2+ channel Orai. Physical coupling between STIM and Orai opens the CRAC channel and the resulting Ca2+ flux is regulated by a negative feedback mechanism of slow

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Seeman, Jeffrey I. "The Back Story: It's Really About People." Bulletin for the History of Chemistry 50, no. 1 (2025): 76. https://doi.org/10.70359/bhc2025v050p076.

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The author reports the passing of Frederick “Fred” Davis Greene II on March 22, 2025, at the age of 97. Born on July 7, 1927, he received his Ph.D. from Harvard in 1952 with Paul D. Bartlett. After a brief stay at UCLA with Donald J. Cram, Fred was brought to MIT in 1953 by then-Department Head Arthur C. Cope. Fred enjoyed a prosperous relationship with MIT for more than 70 years. It is from his role as editor in chief of The Journal of Organic Chemistry (JOC) from 1962 to 1988 that this essay takes its roots.

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Noor M. Fadhil, Taif M. Maryoosh, and Kasim S. Hmood. "Functions and regulations of the Store Operated CRAC channels." International Journal of Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences Archive 7, no. 2 (2024): 001–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.53771/ijbpsa.2024.7.2.0031.

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Store-operated Ca2+ channels, or SOCs, contain the main Ca2+ activated-receptor signaling pathways in non-excitable cells and play key roles in several biological and signaling pathways such gene, Ca2+ secretion and homeostasis and the differentiation of cells. Ca2+ signaling is associated with CRAC channels and it is essential and critical for activation of T and B cells. Cell receptors stimulated by antigens thus lead to the accumulation of huge and distinct CRAC signaling complexes. Several studies have revealed in mast and T cells Ca2+ influxes across plasma membrane and SOC activation aft

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Kozak, J. Ashot, Hubert H. Kerschbaum, and Michael D. Cahalan. "Distinct Properties of CRAC and MIC Channels in RBL Cells." Journal of General Physiology 120, no. 2 (2002): 221–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1085/jgp.20028601.

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In rat basophilic leukemia (RBL) cells and Jurkat T cells, Ca2+ release–activated Ca2+ (CRAC) channels open in response to passive Ca2+ store depletion. Inwardly rectifying CRAC channels admit monovalent cations when external divalent ions are removed. Removal of internal Mg2+ exposes an outwardly rectifying current (Mg2+-inhibited cation [MIC]) that also admits monovalent cations when external divalent ions are removed. Here we demonstrate that CRAC and MIC currents are separable by ion selectivity and rectification properties: by kinetics of activation and susceptibility to run-down and by p

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Morris, S., and W. J. van Aardt. "Salt and water relations, and nitrogen excretion, in the amphibious african freshwater crab potamonautes warreni in water and in air." Journal of Experimental Biology 201, no. 6 (1998): 883–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jeb.201.6.883.

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Mechanisms of salt and water conservation, and nitrogen excretion, were investigated in the freshwater amphibious crab Potamonautes warreni from the High Veld of South Africa. Adaptations to fresh water were assessed as pre-adaptations to air-breathing, and nitrogen excretion was examined as a potential constraint to terrestrial excursions. P. warreni was able to regulate water and salt loss in water up to 40 % sea water, but not in 80 % sea water. The water permeability of P. warreni was low and, since 97 % of the haemolymph filtrate was reabsorbed in the antennal organ, urinary water loss wa

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Kascak, Jelena, Sladjana Andjelic, and Gordana Teofilovski. "Ventricular Tachycardia Electrical Storm." Proceedings of the Bulgarian Academy of Sciences 75, no. 8 (2022): 1210–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.7546/crabs.2022.08.14.

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   The term “electrical storm” (ES) indicates a life-threatening clinical condition characterized by the recurrence of hemodynamically unstable ventricular tachycardia (VT) and/or ventricular fibrillation (VF). We are presenting a case of ES in hemodynamically unstable VT treated at pre-hospital and hospital level. Seventy-one-year-old patient with a previous history of hypertension, insulin-dependent diabetes, congestive stroke and myocardial infarction, severe three-vessel coronary artery disease and myocardial revascularization, diabetic nephropathy, chronic kidney f

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Wu, Minnie M., JoAnn Buchanan, Riina M. Luik, and Richard S. Lewis. "Ca2+ store depletion causes STIM1 to accumulate in ER regions closely associated with the plasma membrane." Journal of Cell Biology 174, no. 6 (2006): 803–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1083/jcb.200604014.

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Stromal interacting molecule 1 (STIM1), reported to be an endoplasmic reticulum (ER) Ca2+ sensor controlling store-operated Ca2+ entry, redistributes from a diffuse ER localization into puncta at the cell periphery after store depletion. STIM1 redistribution is proposed to be necessary for Ca2+ release–activated Ca2+ (CRAC) channel activation, but it is unclear whether redistribution is rapid enough to play a causal role. Furthermore, the location of STIM1 puncta is uncertain, with recent reports supporting retention in the ER as well as insertion into the plasma membrane (PM). Using total int

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Emrich, Scott M., Ryan E. Yoast, and Mohamed Trebak. "Physiological Functions of CRAC Channels." Annual Review of Physiology 84, no. 1 (2022): 355–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev-physiol-052521-013426.

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Store-operated Ca2+ entry (SOCE) is a ubiquitous Ca2+ signaling pathway that is evolutionarily conserved across eukaryotes. SOCE is triggered physiologically when the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) Ca2+ stores are emptied through activation of inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptors. SOCE is mediated by the Ca2+ release-activated Ca2+ (CRAC) channels, which are highly Ca2+ selective. Upon store depletion, the ER Ca2+-sensing STIM proteins aggregate and gain extended conformations spanning the ER–plasma membrane junctional space to bind and activate Orai, the pore-forming proteins of hexameric CRAC

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Humer, Christina, Sascha Berlansky, Herwig Grabmayr, et al. "Science CommuniCa2+tion Developing Scientific Literacy on Calcium: The Involvement of CRAC Currents in Human Health and Disease." Cells 11, no. 11 (2022): 1849. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells11111849.

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All human life starts with a calcium (Ca2+) wave. This ion regulates a plethora of cellular functions ranging from fertilisation and birth to development and cell death. A sophisticated system is responsible for maintaining the essential, tight concentration of calcium within cells. Intricate components of this Ca2+ network are store-operated calcium channels in the cells’ membrane. The best-characterised store-operated channel is the Ca2+ release-activated Ca2+ (CRAC) channel. Currents through CRAC channels are critically dependent on the correct function of two proteins: STIM1 and Orai1. A d

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Roos, Jack, Paul J. DiGregorio, Andriy V. Yeromin, et al. "STIM1, an essential and conserved component of store-operated Ca2+ channel function." Journal of Cell Biology 169, no. 3 (2005): 435–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1083/jcb.200502019.

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Store-operated Ca2+ (SOC) channels regulate many cellular processes, but the underlying molecular components are not well defined. Using an RNA interference (RNAi)-based screen to identify genes that alter thapsigargin (TG)-dependent Ca2+ entry, we discovered a required and conserved role of Stim in SOC influx. RNAi-mediated knockdown of Stim in Drosophila S2 cells significantly reduced TG-dependent Ca2+ entry. Patch-clamp recording revealed nearly complete suppression of the Drosophila Ca2+ release-activated Ca2+ (CRAC) current that has biophysical characteristics similar to CRAC current in h

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Bhuvaneshwari, Sampath, and Kavitha Sankaranarayanan. "Structural and Mechanistic Insights of CRAC Channel as a Drug Target in Autoimmune Disorder." Current Drug Targets 21, no. 1 (2019): 55–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1389450120666190926150258.

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Background: Calcium (Ca2+) ion is a major intracellular signaling messenger, controlling a diverse array of cellular functions like gene expression, secretion, cell growth, proliferation, and apoptosis. The major mechanism controlling this Ca2+ homeostasis is store-operated Ca2+ release-activated Ca2+ (CRAC) channels. CRAC channels are integral membrane protein majorly constituted via two proteins, the stromal interaction molecule (STIM) and ORAI. Following Ca2+ depletion in the Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) store, STIM1 interacts with ORAI1 and leads to the opening of the CRAC channel gate and c

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Bakowski, Daniel, Fraser Murray, and Anant B. Parekh. "Store-Operated Ca2+ Channels: Mechanism, Function, Pharmacology, and Therapeutic Targets." Annual Review of Pharmacology and Toxicology 61, no. 1 (2021): 629–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev-pharmtox-031620-105135.

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Calcium (Ca2+) release–activated Ca2+ (CRAC) channels are a major route for Ca2+ entry in eukaryotic cells. These channels are store operated, opening when the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is depleted of Ca2+, and are composed of the ER Ca2+ sensor protein STIM and the pore-forming plasma membrane subunit Orai. Recent years have heralded major strides in our understanding of the structure, gating, and function of the channels. Loss-of-function and gain-of-function mutants combined with RNAi knockdown strategies have revealed important roles for the channel in numerous human diseases, making the

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Su, Zhengchang, Douglas S. Barker, Peter Csutora, et al. "Regulation of Ca2+ release-activated Ca2+channels by INAD and Ca2+ influx factor." American Journal of Physiology-Cell Physiology 284, no. 2 (2003): C497—C505. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpcell.00183.2002.

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The coupling mechanism between depletion of Ca2+ stores in the endoplasmic reticulum and plasma membrane store-operated ion channels is fundamental to Ca2+ signaling in many cell types and has yet to be completely elucidated. Using Ca2+release-activated Ca2+ (CRAC) channels in RBL-2H3 cells as a model system, we have shown that CRAC channels are maintained in the closed state by an inhibitory factor rather than being opened by the inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor. This inhibitory role can be fulfilled by the Drosophila protein INAD (inactivation-no after potential D). The action of INAD r

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Jairaman, Amit, and Murali Prakriya. "Molecular pharmacology of store-operated CRAC channels." Channels 7, no. 5 (2013): 402–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.4161/chan.25292.

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Prakriya, Murali. "Gating Mechanisms of Store-Operated CRAC Channels." Biophysical Journal 108, no. 2 (2015): 11a. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bpj.2014.11.085.

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PAREKH, A. "Mitochondrial regulation of store-operated CRAC channels." Cell Calcium 44, no. 1 (2008): 6–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ceca.2007.12.006.

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Zweifach, A., and R. S. Lewis. "Calcium-dependent potentiation of store-operated calcium channels in T lymphocytes." Journal of General Physiology 107, no. 5 (1996): 597–610. http://dx.doi.org/10.1085/jgp.107.5.597.

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The depletion of intracellular Ca2+ stores triggers the opening of Ca2+ release-activated Ca2+ (CRAC) channels in the plasma membrane of T lymphocytes. We have investigated the additional role of extracellular Ca2+ (Ca02+) in promoting CRAC channel activation in Jurkat leukemic T cells. Ca2+ stores were depleted with 1 microM thapsigargin in the nominal absence of Ca02+ with 12 mM EGTA or BAPTA in the recording pipette. Subsequent application of Ca02+ caused ICRAC to appear in two phases. The initial phase was complete within 1 s and reflects channels that were open in the absence of Ca02+. Th

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Shin, Jennifer H., Barney Tam, and Suk Hyun Song. "Actin-Based Spring in Horseshoe Crab Sperm." Key Engineering Materials 326-328 (December 2006): 815–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.326-328.815.

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The conversion of chemical energy into mechanical forces that powers cell movements is a ubiquitous theme across biology. Besides molecular motors such as kinesin-microtubule and actin-myosin complexes, biological springs and ratchets can also store and release energy to rectify motion. The acrosome reaction of horseshoe crab sperm is a simple example of a biological spring where a 60!μm-long crystalline bundle of actin filaments, tightly cross-linked by actin bundling protein scruin, straightens from a coiled conformation and extends from the cell to penetrate an egg in about five seconds. To

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Maltan, Lena, Ana-Marija Andova, and Isabella Derler. "The Role of Lipids in CRAC Channel Function." Biomolecules 12, no. 3 (2022): 352. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biom12030352.

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The composition and dynamics of the lipid membrane define the physical properties of the bilayer and consequently affect the function of the incorporated membrane transporters, which also applies for the prominent Ca2+ release-activated Ca2+ ion channel (CRAC). This channel is activated by receptor-induced Ca2+ store depletion of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and consists of two transmembrane proteins, STIM1 and Orai1. STIM1 is anchored in the ER membrane and senses changes in the ER luminal Ca2+ concentration. Orai1 is the Ca2+-selective, pore-forming CRAC channel component located in the pl

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Hunt, Andrew E. "The Wisconsin Phalanx: A Forgotten Success Story." Canadian Review of American Studies 28, no. 2 (1998): 119–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.3138/cras-028-02-05.

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Parekh, Anant B., and James W. Putney. "Store-Operated Calcium Channels." Physiological Reviews 85, no. 2 (2005): 757–810. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/physrev.00057.2003.

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In electrically nonexcitable cells, Ca2+influx is essential for regulating a host of kinetically distinct processes involving exocytosis, enzyme control, gene regulation, cell growth and proliferation, and apoptosis. The major Ca2+entry pathway in these cells is the store-operated one, in which the emptying of intracellular Ca2+stores activates Ca2+influx (store-operated Ca2+entry, or capacitative Ca2+entry). Several biophysically distinct store-operated currents have been reported, but the best characterized is the Ca2+release-activated Ca2+current, ICRAC. Although it was initially considered

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Thiel, Markus, Reinhold Penner, and Annette Lis. "STIM2 drives calcium oscillations through store-operated calcium entry caused by mild store depletion (P1160)." Journal of Immunology 190, no. 1_Supplement (2013): 190.5. http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.190.supp.190.5.

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Abstract The main source of calcium in T cells is through a mechanism known as store-operated calcium entry (SOCE). STIM1 and STIM2 serve as ER calcium sensors that, upon store depletion, activate calcium release-activated calcium (CRAC) channels (Orai1-3,CRACM1-3) in the plasma membrane. In the absence of sustained calcium influx through CRAC channels, numerous lymphocyte functions are severely compromised, as demonstrated in patients suffering from SCID. Agonist-induced calcium oscillations in many cell types are triggered by calcium release from intracellular stores and driven by SOCE. Howe

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Hoeksema, Bert W., and Jaaziel E. García-Hernández. "Host-related Morphological Variation of Dwellings Inhabited by the Crab Domecia acanthophora in the Corals Acropora palmata and Millepora complanata (Southern Caribbean)." Diversity 12, no. 4 (2020): 143. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/d12040143.

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EGGLESTON, DAVID B., NATHALIE B. REYNS, LISA L. ETHERINGTON, GAYLE R. PLAIA, and LIAN XIE. "Tropical storm and environmental forcing on regional blue crab (Callinectes sapidus) settlement." Fisheries Oceanography 19, no. 2 (2010): 89–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2419.2009.00530.x.

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Yue, Lili, Liuqing Wang, Yangchun Du, et al. "Type 3 Inositol 1,4,5-Trisphosphate Receptor is a Crucial Regulator of Calcium Dynamics Mediated by Endoplasmic Reticulum in HEK Cells." Cells 9, no. 2 (2020): 275. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells9020275.

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Being the largest the Ca2+ store in mammalian cells, endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-mediated Ca2+ signalling often involves both Ca2+ release via inositol 1, 4, 5-trisphosphate receptors (IP3R) and store operated Ca2+ entries (SOCE) through Ca2+ release activated Ca2+ (CRAC) channels on plasma membrane (PM). IP3Rs are functionally coupled with CRAC channels and other Ca2+ handling proteins. However, it still remains less well defined as to whether IP3Rs could regulate ER-mediated Ca2+ signals independent of their Ca2+ releasing ability. To address this, we generated IP3Rs triple and double knockou

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Woodard, Geoffrey E., Ginés M. Salido, and Juan A. Rosado. "Enhanced exocytotic-like insertion of Orai1 into the plasma membrane upon intracellular Ca2+ store depletion." American Journal of Physiology-Cell Physiology 294, no. 6 (2008): C1323—C1331. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpcell.00071.2008.

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Ca+ release-activated Ca2+ (CRAC) channels are activated when free Ca2+ concentration in the intracellular stores is substantially reduced and mediate sustained Ca2+ entry. Recent studies have identified Orai1 as a CRAC channel subunit. Here we demonstrate that passive Ca2+ store depletion using the inhibitor of the sarcoendoplasmic reticulum Ca2+-ATPase, thapsigargin (TG), enhances the surface expression of Orai1, a process that depends on rises in cytosolic free Ca2+ concentration, as demonstrated in cells loaded with dimethyl BAPTA, an intracellular Ca2+ chelator that prevented TG-evoked cy

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Winer, Lise S. "Review of McCrum, Cran & MacNeil (1986): The story of English." Journal of Pidgin and Creole Languages 3, no. 1 (1988): 141–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/jpcl.3.1.13win.

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Tian, Chengsen, Lupei Du, Yubin Zhou, and Minyong Li. "Store-operated CRAC channel inhibitors: opportunities and challenges." Future Medicinal Chemistry 8, no. 7 (2016): 817–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.4155/fmc-2016-0024.

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Parekh, Anant B. "Functional consequences of activating store-operated CRAC channels." Cell Calcium 42, no. 2 (2007): 111–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ceca.2007.02.012.

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