Relevant bibliographies by topics / The Dark Ages

Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'The Dark Ages'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 31 July 2024

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Journal articles on the topic "The Dark Ages"

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Williams, L. "Dark Ages." Literary Imagination 5, no. 2 (January 1, 2003): 356–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/litimag/5.2.356.

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Hoffer, Williamjames. "Dark Ages?" Reviews in American History 34, no. 3 (2006): 379–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/rah.2006.0038.

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Nelson, J. L. "The Dark Ages." History Workshop Journal 63, no. 1 (January 1, 2007): 191–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/hwj/dbm006.

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Hilger, Lauren. "The Dark Ages." Massachusetts Review 57, no. 3 (2016): 402. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/mar.2016.0063.

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Marshall, Michael. "Life's Dark Ages." New Scientist 241, no. 3212 (January 2019): 28–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0262-4079(19)30066-1.

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Stovall, Lyndon B. "The dark ages." Journal - American Water Works Association 93, no. 4 (April 2001): 119–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/j.1551-8833.2001.tb09175.x.

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Linder, Eric V. "Dark energy in the dark ages." Astroparticle Physics 26, no. 1 (August 2006): 16–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.astropartphys.2006.04.004.

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Short, Katie, José Luis Bernal, Alvise Raccanelli, Licia Verde, and Jens Chluba. "Enlightening the dark ages with dark matter." Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics 2020, no. 07 (July 9, 2020): 020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1475-7516/2020/07/020.

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Grandgent, Charles Hall. "1912: The Dark Ages." PMLA/Publications of the Modern Language Association of America 115, no. 7 (December 2000): 1770–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/463570.

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Semmens, Viv. "Leaving the dark ages." Nursing Standard 14, no. 18 (January 19, 2000): 24. http://dx.doi.org/10.7748/ns.14.18.24.s32.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "The Dark Ages"

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Auld, Robbie Richard. "Search for dark galaxies through the ages." Thesis, Cardiff University, 2007. http://orca.cf.ac.uk/54594/.

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The work I have performed for this thesis covers a number of different areas of astronomy. My work on the LSBs is an in-depth exploration of the gas morphology and kinematics of these unusual objects. The focus is on the star forming abilities of the galaxy sample, but the HI observations also reveal a rich variety of gas morphology and motion, which are not necessarily apparent at other wavelengths. As well as being LSB, they are neutral gas-rich objects. As such they are more suited to being detected by HI surveys than by optical surveys. The Arecibo Galaxy Environment Survey (AGES) is a survey that expects to detect a large number of this type of galaxy and a large proportion of the thesis has been dedicated to my involvement with the survey. This has included designing and implementing the observing strategy, testing the data reduction pipeline, producing the final data, testing their quality and examining the efficiency of the survey detection methods. I have demonstrated some uses the AGES data can be put to from discovering hitherto undetected galaxies, through measuring the cosmic distribution of neutral hydrogen, to evaluating the cosmic significance of dark galaxies. The last point forms the central theme throughout the thesis. Of the 69 detections made by AGES in the first two datacubes, 55 do not have previous Hi measurements and 26 are previously uncatalogued. An Hi mass function (HIMF) was produced from the first galaxies detected by AGES. The best fit line to the data was a Schechter function with the parameters: a = -1.28 0.17, = 0.0076 0.0027 and M* = 7.7 1.8 x 109 M0. Using the HIMF the calculated value for the space density of neutral hydrogen was found to be pni = 7.5q3 x 107MQ Mpc-3, which is consistent with previous measurements. The overall contribution of HI to the Universal energy density was calculated from this value and found to be Qhi = 4.1 J x 10-4, confirming previous measurements of this value. Assuming the two candidates are indeed optically dark, based on this value the contribution of dark galaxies was calculated to be 4% to their respective mass bins, and less than 0.5% overall. The number density was found to be ndark 6.6 x 10-4 Mpc-3. Hence it would appear that dark galaxies are not numerous enough nor of substantial mass to be able to account for the 'missing mass' or to be able to fully represent the high number of dark matter haloes produced by CDM simulations.
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Stanway, Elizabeth Rose. "Probing the end of the Dark Ages." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.616140.

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Stanimirovic, Tomislav, and Johan Winberg. "DARK AGES LUNAR INTERFEROMETER (DALI): DEPLOYMENT-ROVER - CHASSIS." Thesis, Högskolan i Halmstad, Sektionen för ekonomi och teknik (SET), 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-22444.

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In this thesis we have looked at the possibility of using a rover for deployment oflunar interferometers on the far side of the Moon. This project was made togetherwith two other groups from the mechanical engineering program at HalmstadUniversity. The project was divided into three units and we had the mainresponsibility for the design of the chassis.The goal of this project is to create a better understanding of the origin of the universeand how it still to this day keeps changing. This is believed to be achievable by usinglunar interferometers that will collect data in form of cosmic microwaves from outerspace. The lunar interferometers will be placed at the far side of the Moon since thisis the only site in solar system that is shielded from human-generated interference.The work was completed in collaboration with JPL and NASA, which are worldleading designers and manufacturers of space-related products.
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Andersson, Gustav, and Emil Ericsson. "Dark Ages Interferometer (DALI) Deployment Rover: Energy System." Thesis, Högskolan i Halmstad, Energiteknik, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-25631.

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The cosmic “Dark Ages” is the cosmic era between the epochs of recombination of cosmic microwave background and the formation of the first stars. The only signal from this epoch is from neutral hydrogen, which could represent one of the richest data sets in cosmology. In order to extract this data, NASA/JPL has proposed a rover mission to the farside of the moon to deploy several radio arrays. Here the arrays would gather data undisturbed by human interference. This thesis examines the possibility of using photovoltaic and electric batteries as an energy solution for a rover on the moon. The requirement for such a system to survive on the moon is discussed in a literature study. A proof of concept simulation using a Simulink model has also been done. The thesis concludes that a rover can deploy the radio array using solar energy. It would be able to hibernate through the night using radioisotope heating. It would need to wait for its batteries to charge before each night.
I kosmologi kallas epoken mellan “rekombinationen till väte” och bildandet av de första stjärnorna för “den mörka tidsåldern”. Från denna tid finns endast spår i form av strålning från neutralt väte. Denna strålning kan enligt astronomer vara en viktigare källa till data om universums uppkomst än den kosmiska mikrovågsstrålningen. Därför arbetar NASA/JPL med att hitta metoder att observera denna rika källa till data. Den mest använda metoden är att använda lågfrekventa radioteleskop för att observera strålning med våglängder mellan 3-30 m och frekvenser mellan 10-100 Mhz. Ett stort problem med så kort strålning är den lätt störs ut av mänsklig påverkan och andra radiokällor, tillexempel solen. Ett sätt att undvika antropogen störning är att bygga ett radioteleskop på månens baksida. Eftersom månen är i en låst bana runt jorden vänder den alltid samma sida bort från planeten. Därför är platsen alltid i radioskugga från jorden ochstörs inte av mänsklighetens radiotrafik. JPL har lång erfarenhet av användandet av robotfarkoster för att utforska himlakroppar. År 2030 vill de sända en så kallad rover för att upprätta en grupp radioteleskop på månen med syftet att införskaffa data om “den mörka tidsåldern.” Högskolan i Halmstad erbjuder sedan 2013 studenter möjligheten att skriva sitt examensarbete i samarbete med NASA/JPL om konstruktionen av denna rover. Detta arbete har ämnat finna en lösning på rovens energiförsörjning genom att använda solceller och batterier. Slutsatsen har varit att det är möjligt att driva en rover på månen med solceller samt batterier. Ett krav är att rovern värms med radioisotoperunder natten för att minska energianvändningen.
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Andersson, Erik, and Per-Johan Bengtsson. "Dark Ages Lunar Interferometer (DALI): Deployment-Rover - Mobility System." Thesis, Högskolan i Halmstad, Sektionen för ekonomi och teknik (SET), 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-22529.

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This thesis is issued in collaboration with the Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) in Pasadena, California. JPL's primary function is the construction and operation of robotic planetary spacecraft. At the time being JPL has 22 spacecraft and 10 instruments conducting active missions. The "Dark Ages" represent the last frontier in cosmology, the era between the genesis of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) and the formation of the first stars. During the Dark Ages, when the Universe was unlit by any star, the only detectable signal is likely to be that from neutral hydrogen (HI). The HI absorption occurs in dark matter-dominated overdensities, locations that will later become the birthplaces of the first stars. Tracing this evolution will provide crucial insights into the properties of dark matter and potentially reveal aspects of cosmic inflation. This could be accomplished using a radio telescope located on the far side of the Moon, the only site in the solar system shielded from human-generated interference and, at night, from solar radio emissions. Our objective has been the development of the concept of an autonomous rover that would be capable of deploying a large number of low frequency radio antennas on the lunar surface. This is an enabling task for the eventual creation of a radio telescope. The project at Halmstad University was divided into three sub-projects, where our area of responsibility has been the development of a concept of the rover's mobility system. The result of the project is the concept of a "Rocker-Bogie" suspension system, created in a 3D-environment. A concept which underwent a series of digital analyses and simulations to ensure the compliance with required specifications.
Detta examensarbete är utfört i samarbete med Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) i Pasadena, Kalifornien. JPL's primära funktion är konstruktion och drift av robotiserade rymdfarkoster. För tillfället har JPL 22 rymdfarkoster och 10 instrument i aktiva uppdrag. Den "mörka tiden" representerar den sista utposten i kosmologi, eran mellan uppkomsten av den kosmiska bakgrundsstrålningen (CMB) och bildandet av de första stjärnorna. Under den "mörka tiden", när universum inte var upplyst av någon stjärna, var den enda detekterbara signalen sannolikt från neutralt väte (HI). HI-absorptionen sker i mörk materia-dominerade överdensiteter, platser som senare blir födelseplatserna för de första stjärnorna. Att spåra denna utveckling kommer att ge viktiga insikter i egenskaperna hos mörk materia och eventuellt ge information om universums expansion. Detta kan åstadkommas med hjälp av ett radioteleskop på baksidan av månen. Den enda platsen i vårt solsystem avskärmad från störningar från jorden, och på natten även från solens strålning. Vår uppgift har varit att utveckla ett koncept på en autonom rover som ska placera ut ett stort antal lågfrekvensantenner på månytan. Detta är ett nödvändigt steg för det eventuella anläggandet av ett radioteleskop. Projektet vid Högskolan i Halmstad delades upp i tre delprojekt, där vårt ansvarsområde har varit att utveckla ett koncept för roverns drivsystem. Resultatet av projektet ett koncept på ett "Rocker-Bogie"-hjulupphängningssystem, skapad i en 3D-miljö. Ett koncept som har genomgått en serie av digitala analyser och simuleringar för att säkerställa överensstämmelse med krav och önskemål.
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Horton, Anthony John. "DAzLE : the Dark Ages z (Redshift) Lyman-α Explorer." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.616094.

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Pacucci, Fabio. "The First Black Holes in the Cosmic Dark Ages." Doctoral thesis, Scuola Normale Superiore, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11384/86205.

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The main objective of the original work presented in this Thesis is to develop a theoretical framework to understand the growth, cosmological evolution and observational features of the first black holes, formed when the Universe was younger than ∼ 1Gyr.
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Birgersson, Victoria, and Maximillian Lundgren-Goodman. "Dark Ages Lunar Interferometer - Deployment Rover : Propulsion and Steering Systems." Thesis, Högskolan i Halmstad, Akademin för ekonomi, teknik och naturvetenskap, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-28888.

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2030 NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory will place an interferometer, which will workas a radio telescope, on the far side of the Moon. The interferometer uses thinpolyamide films as antennas, which are rolled out by a rover (an autonomousvehicle). The thesis covers concept generation of the propulsion and steering systemof the rover.The interferometer is to be placed on the far side of the Moon in order to ensure, asfar as possible, that it is not effected by radiation from Earth. The interferometerconsists of several polyamide films, approximately 100 meters long and one meterwide. The films are to be connected in the middle in order to form a star pattern offilm. Since the rover is to roll out these films on the surface of the Moon, it will driveback and forth to the lander to pick up the rolls. The focus in the project has been todevelop a reliable and stable system as possible so that the rover can accomplish itsmission without malfunctions. The purpose with the interferometer is to map thehydrogen gas clouds which were formed during universe’s youth (Platt, 2008).The outcome of this project is a concept indicating what the most optimal design ofwheel mount, of motor mount, of wheel and steering design may be in order to steerthe rover. The method to generate concepts used is known Fredy Olsson’s method.This is a method that has been developed at Lunds University and it has been widelyused in engineering education at Halmstad University.The four concepts developed and contributes to the whole concept for propulsion andsteering system of the rover. The four concepts developed are an all six steering, allof the six wheels can be controlled individually. Each wheel is split, or divided intwo. The motor is angle mounted and the wheel is semi-open with a slope that makesthe Moon dust fall out if it comes inside.Inspiration from previous rovers which are or have been on the Moon and Mars hasbeen useful in generating concepts. Previously used concepts are stable and reliable,which are important factors in this project. Previous theses have come to theconclusion that the chassis of the rover should be the one similar to the one used onMars Science Laboratory Curiosity and Mars Exploration Rover’s Spirit andOpportunity.The Halmstad University projects in collaboration with NASA began at HalmstadUniversity in 2013, and previous projects have developed the chassis, energy systemand the deployment mechanism of the rover. This year’s project takes intoconsideration the results from previous years since a concept of a complete roverultimately is going to be presented to NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory.The thesis is done in collaboration with NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory inCalifornia, USA. NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory is the leading U.S. center forrobotic exploration of the solar system.
NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory ska 2030 placera en interferometer på månensbaksida, interferometern ska fungera som ett radioteleskop. Interferometern användersig av tunna polyamidfilmer som antenner. Dessa ska rullas ut på månens yta av enrover (ett obemannat fordon). Rapporten behandlar framtagning av koncept förstyrning och framdrivning av denna rover.Interferometern ska placeras på månens baksida för att man i så stor mån som möjligtvill undkomma strålningsstörningar från Jorden. Interferometern ska bestå av flertaletpolyamidfilmer, ca 100 meter långa och en meter breda. Filmerna skasammankopplas i en kontrollenhet som finns i mitten av det stjärnformade mönsterfilmerna läggs i. Då rovern ska placera ut dessa filmer på månens yta, ska den skaköra från och till landaren för att hämta upp rullarna. Fokus i projektet har varit attgöra ett så pålitligt stabilt system som möjligt för att rovern ska klara av att slutförasitt uppdrag utan driftstörningar. Med interferometern vill man sedan kartläggavätgasmoln som bildades i universums ungdom (Platt, 2008).Resultatet av projektet är ett koncept som visar roverns framdrivnings- ochstyrsystem, hjulupphängning, motorplacering samt hur hjuldesignen kan se ut. FredyOlssons metoder har använts för att ta fram koncept som uppfyller krav och önskemåldå denna metod har använts tidigare under utbildningen.De fyra koncept som bidrar till ett koncept för hela styr- och framdrivningssystem ärstyrning och framdrivning på roverns alla sex hjul, hjulen är designade på så vis att deär delade i två. Motorn är vinkelmonterad. Roverns hjul är semi-öppna med en kantsom är högre än det djup hjulet sjunker ner i månytan., med en sluttning inuti för attsand och damm ska rinna ut.Inspiration har kommit från tidigare rovrar som varit/är aktiva på månen och Mars dådet är beprövade koncept som visat sig vara stabila och pålitliga. Tidigareexamensarbeten har kommit fram till att det chassi som ska användas är snarlikt detsom använts på Mars Science Laboratory Curiosity och Mars Exploration Rover’sSpirit och Opportunity.Projektet började på Högskolan i Halmstad 2013 och tidigare projekt har tittat påbland annat chassit, energisystem och utplaceringsenheten. Årets projekt har tagithänsyn till resultat från tidigare år, för att ett koncept på en hel rover slutligen skakunna visas upp för NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory.Examensarbetet är genomfört i samarbete med NASA:s Jet Propulsion Laboratory iKalifornien, USA, vilka är USA:s center för robotisk utforskning av solsystemet.
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Pasalic, Haris, and Björn Bernfort. "Dark Ages Lunar Interferometer : Deployment Rover - Suspension System and Transition Mecanism." Thesis, Högskolan i Halmstad, Sektionen för ekonomi och teknik (SET), 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-25881.

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This thesis is a continuation of last year's work and it builds on earlier construction of a rover that will deploy an interferometer on the far side of the moon. The project is done in collaboration with (JPL) Jet Propulsion Laboratoryin Pasadena, California. Given the size of the mission, accuracy and time limit project has been split into several smaller projects. The areas that are the focus of this project are the suspension and the transition system. The transition system that is originated from the stage when the rover transforms from the transit mode to ready mode, and the suspension system, are in this thesis work presented by detailed conceptual design. The next step, not mentioned this thesis work, will be to perform aprimary structure design on the details. The project owner’s ultimate goal is to create a better understanding about the origins of the universe and its continual changing. This would give scientists an opportunity to study some of the most fundamental questions that are still are waiting for answers. Together with a group of energy engineers, Gustav Andersson and Emil Ericsson, we were caught by the very attractive project assignment, well aware that not many people get the chance or the opportunity to be involved or work with projects like this.
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Chapman, Emma Olivia. "Seeing the first light : a study of the Dark and Dim Ages." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2014. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/10052092/.

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The Epoch of Reionization (EoR) represents a major phase shift in the history of our Universe. After a long, dark, period of expansion and cooling, the first ionizing sources began to ionize the surrounding hydrogen atoms. These bubbles of ionized hydrogen grew and overlapped until eventually the Universe was mostly ionized. The EoR remains a largely mysterious and unconstrained era but, since the hyperfine transition of the hydrogen atom produces a photon of wavelength 21-cm, how the distribution of this 21-cm radiation changes over redshift can be measured by current generation radio telescopes such as the Low Frequency Array (LOFAR). This thesis addresses four problems within the EoR: Firstly, a statistical detection of the EoR is not a straight-forward task due to the considerable contribution of 21-cm radiation from non-EoR sources. In this thesis I introduce two statistical methods for EoR foreground removal based on statistical independence and sparsity. Secondly, the peculiar velocity of a hydrogen atom upon emission of a 21-cm photon has an effect on the 21-cm intensity and the frequency at which we observe the photon. I adapt a semi-analytic code to output a multi-frequency observation in redshift space, a `light cone', fully incorporating the peculiar velocities of the atoms. Thirdly, recent publications suggest that there is an area of Fourier space where the EoR signal is the dominant contribution, suggesting that statistical analysis could be carried out within that region only, relieving the need for foreground subtraction methods. I consider a physically-motivated foreground model and show that the supposed EoR window is completely compromised. Finally, I apply my foreground subtraction methods to the first LOFAR-EoR data. I find that GMCA not only removes the foregrounds impressively well for such raw data but actually acts as a powerful tool for the identification of systematics within the data.
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Books on the topic "The Dark Ages"

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Hartnett, D. W. Dark ages: Poetry. London: Secker & Warburg, 1992.

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Randall, Deborah. White eyes, dark ages. Newcastle upon Tyne: Bloodaxe Books, 1993.

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Hollinger, Michael. Incorruptible: A dark comedy about the Dark Ages. New York: Dramatists Play Service, 2002.

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Publishing, White Wolf. Dark Ages: Italy (Dark Ages Vampire). Not Avail, 2004.

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Taylor, Tom, and Iban Coello. Dark Ages. Panini UK Limited, 2022.

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McIntyre, Lee. Dark Ages. The MIT Press, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.7551/mitpress/2271.001.0001.

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Dark Ages. Marvel Worldwide, Incorporated, 2022.

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Dark Ages. Lulu Press, Inc., 2014.

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Dark Ages. Creative Media Partners, LLC, 2023.

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Dark Ages. Creative Media Partners, LLC, 2022.

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Book chapters on the topic "The Dark Ages"

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Moran, Michael E. "Dark Ages, Dark Therapies." In Urolithiasis, 31–35. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-8196-6_6.

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Miner, Jeffrey. "Dark Ages, The." In Encyclopedia of Evolutionary Psychological Science, 1–3. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-16999-6_3222-1.

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Howell, Raymond. "The ‘Dark Ages’." In The Royal Navy and The Slave Trade, 155–80. London: Routledge, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003309277-6.

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Linklater, Eric. "The Dark Ages." In The Lion and the Unicorn, 77–91. London: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003212102-4.

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Miner, Jeffrey. "Dark Ages, The." In Encyclopedia of Evolutionary Psychological Science, 1732–34. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-19650-3_3222.

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Laing, Lloyd. "The Dark Ages." In Celtic Britain, 119–71. London: Routledge, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003411963-4.

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Pesce, Laura. "Were the Dark Ages Really Dark?" In Close Encounters of Art and Physics, 11–14. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-22730-2_3.

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Berger, Bruce. "There's No Ages Like Dark Ages." In Time Warped, 73–92. New York: Routledge, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003239123-5.

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Sheppard, Charles, and Anne Sheppard. "Dark Ages and Enlightenment." In The Chagos Archipelago, 60–72. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003423300-6.

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Khapaeva, Dina. "The Oprichnina and Serfdom in Popular Culture and Public Debates." In Putin’s Dark Ages, 125–56. London: Routledge, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003438045-6.

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Conference papers on the topic "The Dark Ages"

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Gronwall, Caryl. "The star formation rate density of the local universe from the KPNO international spectroscopic survey." In AFTER THE DARK AGES. ASCE, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.58618.

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Dickinson, Mark. "A complete NICMOS map of the Hubble Deep Field North." In AFTER THE DARK AGES. ASCE, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.58645.

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Haiman, Z., and A. Loeb. "Empirical constraints on the first stars and quasars." In AFTER THE DARK AGES. ASCE, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.58620.

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Dwek, E., and R. G. Arendt. "A tentative detection of the cosmic infrared background at 3.5 μm from." In AFTER THE DARK AGES. ASCE, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.58621.

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Wootten, Alwyn, and Min S. Yun. "Imaging distant dust and gas: The Millimeter Array." In AFTER THE DARK AGES. ASCE, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.58651.

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Haarsma, Deborah B., and R. Bruce Partridge. "Implications of faint radio sources for star formation history." In AFTER THE DARK AGES. ASCE, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.58619.

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Windhorst, Rogier A., Seth H. Cohen, and Ian Waddington. "Clues from deep HST images to galaxy formation and the role of mergers." In AFTER THE DARK AGES. ASCE, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.58602.

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Bullock, J. S., T. S. Kolatt, R. S. Somerville, Y. Sigad, A. V. Kravtsov, A. A. Klypin, J. R. Primack, and A. Dekel. "Lyman Break Galaxies as collision-driven starbursts." In AFTER THE DARK AGES. ASCE, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.58603.

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Machacek, M., G. L. Bryan, P. Anninos, A. Meiksin, M. L. Norman, and Y. Zhang. "The lyman alpha forest in hierarchical cosmologies." In AFTER THE DARK AGES. ASCE, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.58592.

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Thompson, Rodger I., Ray J. Weymann, and Lisa Storrie-Lombardi. "NICMOS observations of the HDF." In AFTER THE DARK AGES. ASCE, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.58593.

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Reports on the topic "The Dark Ages"

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Phillips, Paul M. Deconstructing Our Dark Age Future. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, March 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada501234.

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Arbib, James, and Tony Seba. Rethinking Humanity: Five Foundational Sector Disruptions, the Lifecycle of Civilizations, and the Coming Age of Freedom. RethinkX, June 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.61322/kzau1512.

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During the 2020s, key technologies will converge to completely disrupt the five foundational sectors that underpin the global economy, and with them every major industry in the world today. In information, energy, food, transportation, and materials, costs will fall by a 10x or more, while production processes an order of magnitude more efficient will use 90% fewer natural resources with 10x-100x less waste. The knock-on effects for society will be as profound as the extraordinary possibilities that emerge. For the first time in history, we could overcome poverty easily. Access to all our basic needs could become a fundamental human right. But this is just one future outcome. The alternative could see our civilization collapse into a new dark age. Which path we take depends on the choices we make, starting today. The stakes could not be higher.
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Tang, Liheng, Jin Xian, Ye Zhang, Changyun Zhang, Huijuan Yu, Qiwen Tan, and Xin Zhang. Efficacy of acupuncture for melasma: a protocol of systematic review and meta-analysis. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, November 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2021.11.0097.

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Review question / Objective: How effective is acupuncture in treating melasma compared to conventional treatment？ Condition being studied: Melasma is a common acquired hyperpigmentation of the skin. The clinical manifestations are light brown or dark brown patches symmetrically distributed on the cheeks, forehead and mandibular with different shades and unclear borders. Melasma particularly affects women during menstruation, especially in thirties and forties Asian women. The incidence of Asian women of childbearing age is as high as 30%. Current treatments for melasma include topical drugs, chemical peeling agents, laser and light treatments, and systemic drugs. Despite the strong demand for treatment, the treatment of melasma is still very challenging, the results are inconsistent, and the recurrence rate is almost constant.
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Balani, Suman, Hetashvi Sudani, Sonali Nawghare, and Nitin Kulkarni. ESTIMATION OF FETAL WEIGHT BY CLINICAL METHOD, ULTRASONOGRAPHY AND ITS CORRELATION WITH ACTUAL BIRTH WEIGHT IN TERM PREGNANCY. World Wide Journals, February 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.36106/ijar/6907486.

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Introduction: The Accurate estimation of foetal weight is of paramount importance in modern obstetrics for management of labour and delivery. During the past two decades estimated foetal weight is incorporated into the standard routine antepartum evaluation of high-risk pregnancy & deliveries. Present study was conducted to estimation fetal weight by clinical method and by ultrasonography and to nd out its correlation with actual birth weight in term pregnancy. The cross-sectional Material and Methods: observational study was conducted in outpatient or inpatient Obstetric section of Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology and USG section of Department of Radio-diagnosis of A.C.P.M. Medical College and Hospital, Dhule, Maharashtra. Most of the study Observations & Results: subjects were between 24-28 years of age 53.5% with mean age of 24.71 years. The mean Hadlock weight was 2705 ± 469 gm, while the actual birth weight was 2805 ± 465 gm. The difference was found to be statistically signicant (p<0.05). The difference in Dare's clinical method was found to be 73.3 ± 49.8 gm, while the Hadlock difference was found to be 103.1 ± 77.4 gm. There was a very strong, positive, statistically signicant correlation seen between Dare Weight and Actual Weight (p<0.05). There was a very strong, positive, statistically signicant correlation seen between Hadlock Weight and Actual Weight (p<0.05). Thus, major ndi Conclusion: ng from this study is that clinical estimation of fetal weight is as accurate as the ultrasonographic method of estimation within the normal birth weight range. Our study has important implication as in developing country like India, where ultrasound is not available in many health care delivery systems specially in rural areas where clinical method is easy, cost effective, simple, accurate and can be used even by midwives.
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Chamovitz, Daniel, and Albrecht Von Arnim. Translational regulation and light signal transduction in plants: the link between eIF3 and the COP9 signalosome. United States Department of Agriculture, November 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2006.7696515.bard.

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The COP9 signalosome (CSN) is an eight-subunit protein complex that is highly conserved among eukaryotes. Genetic analysis of the signalosome in the plant model species Arabidopsis thaliana has shown that the signalosome is a repressor of light dependent seedling development as mutant Arabidopsis seedlings that lack this complex develop in complete darkness as if exposed to light. These mutant plants die following the seedling stage, even when exposed to light, indicating that the COP9 signalosome also has a central role in the regulation of normal photomorphogenic development. The biochemical mode of action of the signalosome and its position in eukaryotic cell signaling pathways is a matter of controversy and ongoing investigation, and recent results place the CSN at the juncture of kinase signaling pathways and ubiquitin-mediated protein degradation. We have shown that one of the many CSN functions may relate to the regulation of translation through the interaction of the CSN with its related complex, eukaryotic initiation factor (eIF3). While we have established a physical connection between eIF3 subunits and CSN subunits, the physiological and developmental significance of this interaction is still unknown. In an effort to understand the biochemical activity of the signalosome, and its role in regulating translation, we originally proposed to dissect the contribution of "h" subunit of eIF3 (eIF3h) along the following specific aims: (i) Isolation and phenotypic characterization of an Arabidopsis loss-of-function allele for eIF3h from insertional mutagenesis libraries; (ii) Creation of designed gain and loss of function alleles for eIF3h on the basis of its nucleocytoplasmic distribution and its yeast-two-hybrid interactions with other eIF3 and signalosome partner proteins; (iii) Determining the contribution of eIF3h and its interaction with the signalosome by expressing specific mutants of eIF3h in the eIF3h- loss-of function background. During the course of the research, these goals were modified to include examining the genetic interaction between csn and eif3h mutations. More importantly, we extended our effort toward the genetic analysis of mutations in the eIF3e subunit, which also interacts with the CSN. Through the course of this research program we have made several critical scientific discoveries, all concerned with the apparent diametrically opposed roles of eIF3h and eIF3e. We showed that: 1) While eIF3e is essential for growth and development, eIF3h is not essential for growth or basal translation; 2) While eIF3e has a negative role in translational regulation, eIF3h is positively required for efficient translation of transcripts with complex 5' UTR sequences; 3) Over-accumulation of eIF3e and loss-of-function of eIF3h both lead to cop phenotypes in dark-grown seedlings. These results were published in one publication (Kim et al., Plant Cell 2004) and in a second manuscript currently in revision for Embo J. Are results have led to a paradigm shift in translation research – eIF3 is now viewed in all systems as a dynamic entity that contains regulatory subuits that affect translational efficiency. In the long-term agronomic outlook, the proposed research has implications that may be far reaching. Many important plant processes, including developmental and physiological responses to light, abiotic stress, photosynthate, and hormones operate in part by modulating protein translation [23, 24, 40, 75]. Translational regulation is slowly coming of age as a mechanism for regulating foreign gene expression in plants, beginning with translational enhancers [84, 85] and more recently, coordinating the expression of multiple transgenes using internal ribosome entry sites. Our contribution to understanding the molecular mode of action of a protein complex as fundamental as eIF3 is likely to lead to advances that will be applicable in the foreseeable future.
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HIV and partner violence: Implications for HIV voluntary counseling and testing. Population Council, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.31899/hiv2001.1006.

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An important component of HIV voluntary counseling and testing (VCT) programs is encouraging clients to inform partners of their serostatus, yet many clients do not do so. Studies have found that a serious barrier to disclosure for women is fear of a violent reaction by male partners and that HIV-infected women are at increased risk for partner violence. Building on previous research, this study explored the links between HIV infection, serostatus disclosure, and partner violence among women attending the Muhimbili Health Information Center (MHIC), a VCT clinic in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. As noted in this summary, the study first collected qualitative data from women, men, and couples (n=67) who were MHIC clients. In the second phase, researchers enrolled 340 women after pre-test counseling and prior to collection of test results, and 245 women were interviewed three months after enrollment and testing. Nearly a third of the sample were HIV-positive, almost half were married, and 50 percent were between the ages of 18 and 29 and had less than seven years of education. The study followed WHO ethical and safety protocols for conducting research on violence against women.
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