Academic literature on the topic 'The Decca Record Company Limited'

The Decca Navigator System was very unusual among radio-navigation systems in that the entire system was championed and marketed by a commercial company. How it came about was also unusual – it was neither the product of market research nor a military specification. It was a solution to one of the major problems of the 1930s facing those who attempted to use radio methods for the location of vehicles, that of measuring extremely small time intervals. The problem was eventually solved by pulse methods (radar), which were kept very secret at the time, but Decca offered an alternative particularly suited to marine navigation because of its use of low frequencies. No matter how good a technical solution, many systems fail if they are not actively supported by proper marketing and in this Decca Navigator was fortunate to have the backing of a major British company, the Decca Record Company. This paper describes the inception, wartime trials and eventual acceptance into general marine use of Decca Navigator. Some previously unpublished historical material from the company archives is included.

Recent research by Díóg O’Connell and Donna Casella has brought to light the work of Ellen O’Mara Sullivan with the Film Company of Ireland (1916–20). These scholars trace the personal archive of Ellen O’Mara Sullivan’s descendants and use this data to create a trajectory of her role within this first significant Irish film company. While the official record of the Film Company of Ireland is considered limited, there are traces of the company in trade papers, archives and newspapers. In comparison, information about the role of women in this company is difficult to discover as women often slip from the official archive in this period. In the case of Ellen O’Mara Sullivan, she is frequently hidden behind her husband’s record as owner and director of the Film Company of Ireland, or behind her more famous father and brothers, well-connected Republicans, Mayors of Limerick, and successful businessmen. This paper will examine the role of Ellen O’Mara Sullivan and her sister Mary Rynne in the development of the Film Company of Ireland by examining the archival records available and exploring how to find information about these women when they elude the official record. Working in particular on documents found in the Rynne family archive, Special Collections, NUIG, this paper will attempt to trace the financial contribution of Mary Rynne to this film company and to bring to light the role these two sisters played in the development of the early Irish film industry.

Learning outcomes Learning outcomes of this paper are to analyse, record and classify financial transactions; prepare unadjusted trial balance; record the adjustment and closing entries and prepare post-closing trial balance; and prepare financial statements. Case overview/synopsis The case aims to induce users to draw up financial statements from the details provided. The complete accounting process is covered through solving the case. The case follows a start-up company from its first set of financial transactions to preparing the first set of financial statements. The case will help in application of accounting concepts, principles and the processes for recording transactions and preparation of financial statements. Complexity academic level The case is best suited for senior undergraduate- and graduate-level students of management/business schools in the courses of introductory financial accounting, intermediate accounting and financial reporting. Supplementary materials Teaching notes are available for educators only. Subject code CSS 1: accounting and finance.

The paper objective is to investigate salesmanship behavioral physiognomies and performance of Bovas Company. The instrument used to collect data is a structured questionnaire, and the sample size for the study was 120. The research methodology adopted a descriptive research design to examine the impact of salesmanship behavioral characteristics and business performance. A purposive is appropriate since the population is not significant. Purposive sampling technique was employed to select and sample the opinion of the 120 respondents in the different Bovas filling stations selected for the study. Data were obtained from the field survey and was later analyzed using SPSS 20.0 (Statistical Package for Social Sciences). The results revealed a significant relationship between salesmanship skills and SMEs business performance [r (117) =6.54**, p<.01]. The hypothesis revealed a significant positive relationship between financial record keeping and business performance [r(198)= 08, p>0.5]. Hypothesis three was supported by the result of the study. The study, therefore, concluded that salesman’s characteristics such as integrity, trust and confidence are significant to business performance.

Ross Macdonald is the CEO and Managing Director of Cynata Therapeutics Limited (Australia). He has over 30 years of experience and a track record of success in pharmaceuticals and biotechnology businesses. His career history includes positions as Vice President of Business Development for Sinclair Pharmaceuticals Ltd (now Sinclair IS Pharma), a UK-based specialty pharmaceuticals company, and Vice President of Corporate Development for Stiefel Laboratories, Inc., then the largest independent dermatology company in the world and acquired by GlaxoSmithKline in 2009 for £2.25 billion. He has also served as the CEO of Living Cell Technologies Ltd, Vice President of Business Development of Connetics Corporation and Vice President of Research and Development of F H Faulding & Co Ltd.

Limited company resources must be managed effectively and efficiently in order to guarantee corporate tax information technology information that will assist management within the company for every necessary process and reliable information. C 4.5 can be used to predict motor stock at Brothers Motor. the learning process that existed in the algorithm C 4.5 is preparing the data traning, calculate the root of the tree, and the partition process of the decision. The decision process will stop when all the records are in the N node that gets the same class, there are no attributes in the record that are partitioned again, there is no record in the empty network. The result of the average calculation algorithm algorithm C 4. Then the results of the calculation can be used for data processing. Data Mining uses the C4.5 algorithm then obtains a decision tree. Produce data obtained 12 rules (rules) in determining the prediction of preparation of motor stocks at Brothers Motor dealers.Key word: dss, algortm c 5.4,motorbike, dealer

LD3320 is a high-performance speech recognition module which is made in ICR company. It can achieve non-specific voice recognition feature of a limited vocabulary. The chip does not require the user for record training, with a identify dynamically editable key words list, we just need to put the key words in the chip, which can take effect immediately in the next recognition. The design on the basis of Android platform, combined with non-specific speech recognition module, Bluetooth technology enables voice control hardware, design of a set of older self-aid devices.

Abstract Several historians have analyzed the various uses of medical films and have examined how cinematography changed the epistemology of medical doctors, or how governments and private companies utilized moving pictures for promoting ideas of hygiene among the general public. But historians have paid little attention to those medical films that were circulated in Japan. Some Japanese surgeons recorded their operations and screened surgical films in academic meetings to convey their techniques effectively. Others used moving pictures to educate medical students, who had limited opportunities to observe professors’ skills in schools. In 1929, this type of medical film began to circulate in Japan: a pharmaceutical company imported German medical films while one film company collaborated with a medical professor to record the first surgical film in the country. The 1930s witnessed the wide dissemination of medical films that followed the introduction of small-gauge film to Japan, and a flourishing medical film production continued until the outbreak of the Pacific War in 1941. This article examines why and how these medical films were domestically circulated in Japan and internationally screened outside Japan by looking at not only how medical practitioners used films but also how they successfully cooperated with a pharmaceutical company, filmmakers, technicians, and government.

A market view of the population of publicly listed oil and gas companies during the past 25 years provides insights to the survival of the smaller exploration and production company. Mapping the life span of companies, and company population against parameters such as oil price and market activity, demonstrates that oil price is not the crucial driver for the industry as one would expect. The number of exploration companies existing at any one time is independent of oil price and discovery levels, but is more closely related to market sentiment and external influences. The benefits of success are apparent, but the vulnerability of smaller companies to that success is also apparent. While the ASX Energy Index has significantly out-performed the market, and the resources sector in general over this period, it is still considered a high-risk investment area, which fails to attract substantial investment funds.At a time of an apparently sustainable higher oil price, and record market levels, why is the level of new corporate activity so limited? In stratigraphic terms, is the survival of this species threatened? Was Darwin right—will the strong get stronger and will the small E&P company be driven to extinction?

Thesis (LL.M.)--University of Hong Kong, 1998.
"Dissertation presented in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the LL.M. Degree." "July 1998." Includes bibliographical references (l. 1-5). Also available in print.

by Biala, Winnie Lata, Cheng Ka Lar, Cara.
Thesis (M.B.A.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2002.
Includes bibliographical references (leaf 57).
ABSTRACT --- p.ii
TABLE OF CONTENTS --- p.iii
LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS AND TABLES --- p.v
Chapter
Chapter I. --- INTRODUCTION --- p.1
Chapter II. --- EVOLUTION OF AIR TRANSPORT --- p.3
Chapter III. --- KEY FACTORS IN THE AIR TRANSPORT INDUSTRY --- p.5
Economy --- p.5
Aircraft --- p.6
Airlines --- p.7
North America --- p.7
Europe --- p.7
Asia-Pacific --- p.8
Chapter IV. --- CURRENT ISSUES IN THE AIR TRANSPORT INDUSTRY --- p.9
Downturn --- p.9
Consolidation --- p.10
Price --- p.11
Jet Fuel --- p.11
New Generation Airlines --- p.12
Chapter V. --- CHINA'S AVIATION INDUSTRY --- p.14
Overview --- p.14
The CAAC and the Aviation Market in China --- p.15
Underlying Problems of China's Aviation Industry --- p.17
"Small Pie, Many Players" --- p.17
Industry Still Regulated --- p.17
Lagging Behind International Standards --- p.19
Lack of Corporate Governance Within Airlines --- p.20
Heavy Losses and Debts --- p.20
The Civil Aviation Reform --- p.21
The Post-WTO Era --- p.24
Chapter VI. --- CHINA SOUTHERN AIRLINES --- p.26
Company Background --- p.26
Routes --- p.27
Fleet --- p.27
Performance --- p.28
Finance --- p.28
Operations --- p.29
Chapter VII. --- COMPETITORS ANALYSIS --- p.31
China Eastern Airlines --- p.31
Air China --- p.33
Hainan Airlines Group --- p.34
China Sky Enterprises Group --- p.35
Chapter VIII. --- TAKING CSA TO THE NEXT STAGE: MANAGEMENT CHALLENGES AND OPPORTUNITIES --- p.37
Building the Brand --- p.37
Improving Service Quality --- p.38
Enhancing Corporate Governance --- p.39
Smoothing Up Consolidation --- p.40
Dealing with Losses and Debts --- p.41
Chapter IX. --- CONCLUSION --- p.43
APPENDIX --- p.45
BIBLIOGRAPHY --- p.57

by Leung Ada Nga Ting, Tsang Hin Kwok.
Thesis (M.B.A.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1996.
Includes bibliographical references (leaves 96-104).
ABSTRACT --- p.ii
TABLE OF CONTENTS --- p.iii
LIST OF FIGURES --- p.vi
LIST OF APPENDICES --- p.viii
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS --- p.ix
Chapter
Chapter I. --- INTRODUCTION --- p.1
Chapter II. --- NEW WORLD DEVELOPMENT CO. LTD --- p.3
Introduction --- p.3
Thesis --- p.3
Company Background --- p.5
Entrance into the Power/Infrastructure Business --- p.8
The Spin-off of New World Infrastructure Ltd. (NWIL) --- p.9
The Group's Strategy On Its Infrastructure Investments --- p.13
Major Dates / Events --- p.14
Analysis --- p.17
New World's Project-Financing Structure --- p.17
"Possible Reasons Underlying The ""Suboptimal"" Project-Financing Structure" --- p.19
Strong Financial Affordability --- p.20
Lack Of Access To External Project Debt Financing --- p.20
Policy Not Welcome Use Of External Debt --- p.22
The Structure Is Really Not So Suboptimal After All --- p.23
Infrastructure Development As Only A Chinese Investment Vehicle --- p.24
A Very Unique Set Of Arrangements At The Project Level --- p.34
Extension Of Joint Venture Terms --- p.35
PRC Joint Venture Partner Directly Bears The Losses Suffered By The Group --- p.35
Renegotiation Of Revenue Terms To Ensure Repayment Schedule --- p.36
Priority & Guaranteed Repayment Schedule On New World's Principal And Interest Payments --- p.36
Limited Or No Responsibilities For Cost Overruns Or Delays --- p.39
Guaranteed Minimum Revenues --- p.40
Market Interpretations Of New World's Infrastructure Venture --- p.41
Conclusions --- p.43
A Final Assessment --- p.44
Concluding Words --- p.45
Chapter III. --- HUANENG POWER INTERNATIONAL INC --- p.47
Introduction --- p.47
Thesis --- p.47
Company Background --- p.48
HIPDC --- p.48
The Formation of HPI --- p.48
The Reorganization of HPI --- p.50
Asset Transfer --- p.51
Debt Transfer --- p.51
Combined Offering (IPO) --- p.52
Post-Offering Ownership --- p.53
Major Events --- p.55
Analysis --- p.57
The New Tariff Setting Regulatory Policy And Its Advantages --- p.57
Old Tariff Structure --- p.57
New Tariff Structure --- p.58
Tariff Rate Tied Into The Net Fixed Assets --- p.59
The Result Of The NFA-Tied Rate Calculation --- p.61
Other Features Of The Pricing Policy Include The Following: --- p.62
A Capital Structure That Reduces Risk --- p.62
Reviewing The Performance of HPI --- p.65
An Analysis of The Performance of HPI's Stock Price --- p.65
No Dividends Policy --- p.65
Lack Of Confidence In The Chinese Government --- p.65
Environmental Factors --- p.66
Financing Good News --- p.66
Downward Revisions In Earnings Forecasts --- p.67
Conclusions --- p.68
Concluding Words --- p.69
Chapter IV. --- "SUMMARY, CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS" --- p.70
APPENDICES --- p.73
BIBLIOGRAPHY --- p.95

by Chu Chui Kuen, Leung Chi Ming Ludwig.
Thesis (M.B.A.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1998.
Includes bibliographical references (leaves 138-141).
ABSTRACT --- p.ii
TABLE OF CONTENTS --- p.iii
LIST OF FIGURES --- p.viii
LIST OF TABLES --- p.ix
INTRODUCTION --- p.1
Background --- p.1
Objectives --- p.2
Methodology --- p.3
Chapter I --- THE PROBLEM OF STATE OWNED ENTERPRISES (SOES) --- p.4
THE SOE REFORM --- p.6
"First Stage, 1983" --- p.6
"Second Stage, 1988" --- p.6
Contract Responsibility System --- p.6
Shareholding System --- p.7
Relationship between Contract Responsibility System and Shareholding System --- p.9
"Third Stage, 1989" --- p.10
Mr. Deng visited the Southern part of China --- p.10
The 15th Party Congress --- p.12
Chapter II --- STOCK MARKET BACKGROUND --- p.14
Chapter III --- LISTING CONSIDERATIONS --- p.16
Advantages of the Listing Status --- p.16
Benefits to the PRC Government- A strong support for the SOE Reform in PRC --- p.16
Sources of Capital for State Development --- p.16
Reduce the dependence of the SOEs on Government subsidies --- p.16
Reduce the risk of bankruptcy of the SOEs --- p.17
Better preservation of the state-owned assets --- p.17
A means to cash in the share-holding of the state --- p.17
The Benefits to the SOEs --- p.17
Capital for initial business development --- p.18
Channel for continuous fund-raising --- p.18
Pressure for profitability --- p.18
A channel for merger and acquisition --- p.18
Publicity and credibility --- p.18
The Choice of Stock Market --- p.19
Domestic Markets- SHSE and SZSE --- p.19
The Problems of Domestic Market --- p.20
Problems with A-shares listing --- p.20
Problems with B-shares listing --- p.27
Low market capitalization --- p.27
Low liquidity --- p.27
Quota system --- p.27
Inconvenient and time-consuming transactions --- p.28
Poor information access --- p.28
Poor market infrastructure --- p.28
Overseas Market - N-shares and H-shares --- p.28
Large market capitalization and High liquidity --- p.29
Multiple channels for investors --- p.29
High degree of internationalization --- p.29
Strict listing requirement and highly regulated Environment --- p.29
Widen sources of financing --- p.30
Tax and other benefit --- p.30
Hong Kong Market (H-shares) --- p.31
International funds --- p.31
"High liquidity, high trading volume and efficiency" --- p.32
An efficient and well-regulated Market --- p.32
Common cultural background --- p.32
Chapter IV --- THE PROCEDURE FOR H-SHARE LISTING --- p.33
Chapter V --- RESTRUCTURING --- p.36
Formation of Company Limited for Listing --- p.36
Restructuring --- p.36
The Objectives --- p.36
Clarify ownership structure --- p.36
Organize related business --- p.37
Improve management structure --- p.37
Improve financial management --- p.37
International alignment --- p.37
The Process --- p.38
Forms of Restructuring --- p.38
Type I. The Single Enterprise Structure --- p.39
Case Example: Chengdu Telecommunications Cable Co. Ltd --- p.40
Type II. The Transformation Structure --- p.41
Type III. The Group Holding Structure --- p.42
Case Example: Beijing North Star --- p.44
Type IV. The Spin Off Structure --- p.46
Case Example: Guangzhou Shipyard International --- p.47
The Structure After Listing --- p.48
Employee share --- p.49
The Central Issues in Restructuring --- p.51
The Role of Supervisory Government Department /the Parent Holding Company --- p.52
Under Central Economic in planning --- p.52
After the Restructuring --- p.52
The Role of SOEs as the Social Welfare Agents --- p.53
Roles of the Communist Party and Employee Organizations --- p.54
in the listed company --- p.54
Entangled relationship with potential conflicts of interest (power) --- p.54
Chapter VI --- ISSUES AND DIFFICULTIS IN LISTING --- p.57
Quota System --- p.57
Answering the Questions of HKSE --- p.58
Restructuring --- p.58
Unclear Company Structure and Ownership --- p.58
Dependence on Parent Company --- p.58
Selection of Business To Avoid Competition with the Parent Company --- p.59
Social Burden --- p.59
Handling of Debt --- p.59
Accounting System --- p.60
Fixed Asset --- p.60
Cost of Inventory --- p.60
Bad Debt Allowances --- p.60
Triangle Debt --- p.61
Legal Matters --- p.62
Pricing of IPO --- p.62
Setting the IPO Price --- p.62
Business Nature of the Enterprise --- p.63
Chapter VII --- AGENCY COST --- p.64
The Presence of Agency Cost --- p.64
Traditional Agency Cost before listing as H share --- p.65
The improvement of H share in supervisory --- p.68
"Representative of the shareholders, the board of directors" --- p.68
and the supervisors committee --- p.68
Responsibility of the board of directors to monitor the enterprise --- p.72
Incentive system --- p.72
"The ""A"" - shares" --- p.73
The non-monetary benefit --- p.74
Monitoring the management --- p.75
The Independent non-executive directors --- p.76
The supervisory committee --- p.77
Social burden --- p.77
Other benefit --- p.77
Connected transaction --- p.78
Further control on the agent --- p.79
Chapter VIII --- TRANSACTION COST --- p.83
Financing Means --- p.83
Bank Loan --- p.83
Listing as H share --- p.86
Cost of listing --- p.86
Other Cost for Listing --- p.89
First time listing fee and Listing maintenance fee --- p.89
"Auditing fee, printing charge and distribution of annual report " --- p.90
Public Relation --- p.90
Other charges --- p.91
Chapter IX --- UNCERTAINTY --- p.92
Uncertainty reduced --- p.92
Source of Financing - Equity Financing --- p.92
More Efficient and Effective Management --- p.92
Preservation and Growth of State Assets --- p.93
Reputation --- p.93
Liquidity of Stock --- p.94
Interest of Investors --- p.94
Higher Autonomy --- p.94
Uncertainty Not Reduced --- p.95
Reliance on Parent Company --- p.95
Foreign Currency --- p.95
Separation of Government from the Enterprise --- p.95
Appointment of Managers --- p.96
Political and Economic Risk --- p.96
New Uncertainty Introduced --- p.96
Greater Exposure to Speculations of the Market --- p.96
The Social Burden's Return --- p.97
Chapter X --- CASE : SHANGHAI PETROCHEMICAL COMPANY LIMITED --- p.98
Introduction --- p.98
Background --- p.99
The Ownership --- p.99
State Control and Subsidies --- p.99
Raw Materials Supplies --- p.100
Sales and Marketing --- p.101
Import and Foreign Exchange Restriction --- p.101
"The ""Little Society´ح " --- p.102
Financing History --- p.102
Indebtedness --- p.104
The Economic Reform --- p.105
The Fundamental Changes --- p.105
Restructuring --- p.105
Solutions to Traditional Burdens --- p.108
Financing --- p.112
Share-issuing --- p.112
Capital Structure --- p.113
Corporate Management --- p.114
Financial Performances --- p.114
Tax Benefit --- p.115
Corporate Strategy --- p.115
Market-orientation - away from the planned economy --- p.115
Management --- p.116
Market Sensitivity --- p.116
Cost Control --- p.118
Debt Management --- p.118
Business Development --- p.120
The People --- p.121
The Management --- p.121
Employees --- p.124
Issues Open to Questions --- p.126
The Government as the Majority Shareholder --- p.126
Complications in Ownership Relationship-The Majority Shareholder --- p.126
Jinshan and the Company --- p.126
The Role Conflicts --- p.128
CONCLUSIONS --- p.131
APPENDIXI THE BACKGROUND OF THE BEIJING NORTH STAR COMPANY LIMITED --- p.136
BIBLIOGRAPHY --- p.138

by Cheung, Wing Hang, Sakaguchi, Hitoshi.
Thesis (M.B.A.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1998.
Includes bibliographical references (leaves 86-87).
ABSTRACT --- p.ii
TABLE OF CONTENT --- p.iii
LIST OF FIGURES --- p.vi
LIST OF TABLES --- p.vii
CHAPTER
Chapter I. --- INTRODUCTION --- p.1
Chapter I.I. --- Why do we study H-share companies? --- p.1
Chapter I.II. --- Why do PRC state-owned enterprises need to raise capital overseas? --- p.3
Chapter I.II.I. --- Capacity of PRC equity market --- p.3
Chapter I.II.II. --- Foreign Currency --- p.3
Chapter I.II.III. --- Accumulate experience for future SOEs reform --- p.4
Chapter I.II.IV. --- Promotion --- p.4
Chapter I.III. --- Why do most SOEs prefer listing in Hong Kong to listing in other places? --- p.5
Chapter I.III.I --- IPO P/E ratio in overseas market --- p.5
Chapter I.III.II. --- Cost of listing: IPO & annual operation cost --- p.6
Chapter I.III.III. --- Understanding of the overseas market by SOEs management --- p.6
Chapter I.IV. --- Background of SOEs reform --- p.6
Chapter I.IV.I. --- First stage (1979 to 1983) --- p.6
Chapter I.IV.II. --- Second stage (1984 to 1988) --- p.7
Chapter I.IV.III. --- Third stage (1989 to before 15th Communist Party Congress) --- p.7
Chapter I.V. --- Profile and Development of H-share companies --- p.8
Chapter I.VI. --- PRC SOES equity shareholding structure --- p.10
Chapter II. --- METHODOLOGIES --- p.11
Chapter II.I. --- Agency cost problems --- p.13
Chapter II.II. --- Government control --- p.15
Chapter II.III. --- Asymmetric Information --- p.15
Chapter II.IV. --- Industry --- p.16
Chapter II.V. --- Strategy --- p.17
Chapter III. --- CASE STUDY: YIZHENG CHEMICAL FIBRE COMPANY LTD --- p.18
Chapter III.I. --- Background --- p.18
Chapter III.II. --- Agency Cost --- p.21
Chapter III.II.I. --- Management Structure --- p.21
Chapter III.II.II. --- Remuneration --- p.24
Chapter III.II.III. --- Management Ownership --- p.26
Chapter III.III. --- Government Control --- p.27
Chapter III.III.I --- Product and raw material prices --- p.27
Chapter III.III.II. --- Taxation --- p.27
Chapter III.III.III. --- Import custom --- p.27
Chapter III.III.IV. --- Product mix --- p.28
Chapter III.III.V. --- Mergers & Acquisition under Government Policies --- p.28
Chapter III.III.VI. --- Government intervention on capital raising decisions --- p.29
Chapter III.IV. --- Asymmetric Information --- p.31
Chapter III.IV.I. --- Analyst coverage --- p.37
Chapter III.IV.II. --- Investment of Institutional Investors --- p.31
Chapter III.IV.III. --- Incorrect forecast on product prices and profit margin --- p.31
Chapter III.IV.IV. --- Acquisition of Foshan Chemical Fibre Complex --- p.31
Chapter III.V. --- Industry Analysis --- p.31
Chapter III.V.I. --- Background of the industry: 21 --- p.31
Chapter III.V.II. --- Porter Five's Forces Analysis - Polyester industry in the PRC --- p.31
Chapter III.VI. --- Strategy --- p.31
Chapter IV. --- CASE STUDY: HARBIN POWER EQUIPMENT COMPANY LIMITED --- p.31
Chapter IV.I. --- Background --- p.31
Chapter IV.II. --- Agency Cost --- p.31
Chapter IV.II.I --- Management Structure --- p.3]
Chapter IV.II.II. --- Remuneration --- p.31
Chapter IV.II.III. --- Management Ownership --- p.53
Chapter IV.III. --- Government Regulation --- p.53
Chapter IV.III.I. --- Product and Raw Material Price --- p.53
Chapter IV.III.II. --- Taxation --- p.54
Chapter IV.III.III. --- Monetary Policy --- p.54
Chapter IV.IV. --- Asymmetric Information --- p.56
Chapter IV.IV.I. --- Analyst Coverage --- p.56
Chapter IV.IV.II. --- Investment of Institutional Investors --- p.56
Chapter IV.IV.III. --- Information disclosure --- p.57
Chapter IV.V. --- Industry --- p.57
Chapter IV.V.I. --- Industry Growth --- p.57
Chapter IV.V.II. --- Porter Five's Forces Analysis ´ؤ Power Equipment Industry in the PRC --- p.58
Chapter IV.VI. --- Strategy --- p.63
Chapter V. --- DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION --- p.66
Chapter V.I. --- Agency Cost --- p.66
Chapter V.II. --- Government Control --- p.66
Chapter V.III. --- Asymmetric Information --- p.67
Chapter V.IV. --- Industry --- p.68
Chapter V.V. --- Strategy --- p.68
Chapter V.VI. --- Explanations for the first year price performance of Yizheng and HPEC --- p.68
Chapter V.VII. --- Conclusion --- p.72
Appendix I - List of Capital Raising of H-shares companies (up to 3 1st December 1997) --- p.74
Appendix II ´ؤ Results of companies selection methodology --- p.82
Appendix III - History of Yizheng Chemical --- p.85
BIBLIOGRAPHY --- p.86

Private equity (‘PE’) investment and distressed debt investment covers a wide range of investment activity by pooled investment vehicles (ie, funds) in privately or publicly (through ‘take-private’ transactions or IPO’s) owned companies, using capital raised from institutional investors that are limited partners of the funds. Such investment activity can be broadly categorized according to the point at which the investment is made within the typical development cycle of a company: (i) initial venture capital provides seed capital for start-up businesses; (ii) growth capital assists early-stage companies with the growth of their operations; (iii) mezzanine financing, comprising the contribution of subordinated debt or preferred equity, provides further capital to more established businesses; (iv) leveraged buyouts (‘LBOs’) are pursued to acquire portfolio businesses with a proven track record of sales and financial performance; and (v) distressed debt investing (the focus of this chapter) which provides support to companies that are in financially precarious positions.

No two individuals are alike. Some people are genetically predisposed to develop asthma, whereas others can cheerfully live a hundred meters from a major highway with no adverse effects. Genetic predisposition also plays an important part in the efficacy of drugs and in the progress of diseases like cancer, heart failure, and diabetes. Individual differences make doctors’ work more difficult. They can never be sure precisely how susceptible a person is to a specific disease or how effective a particular medicine will be. We can measure all sorts of things, but what do we have to know before we can accurately predict whether a given person will fall ill? Part of the answer is hidden in our genome: Inherited defects and sensitivity to medication show up in our DNA. The map of the human genome was colored in at record speed at the beginning of this century by two rival research teams, which ended up publishing their results simultaneously in 2001. Their achievement was compared with the first moon landing and the invention of the wheel. One of the competing groups was headed by American Craig Venter, who continues to spread the DNA gospel enthusiastically. Initially, Venter was part of the U.S. government–sponsored Human Genome Project, but he left the group. He founded a private company to create a database of genomic data. Venter characteristically mapped his own DNA, revealing that he bears a heightened risk of alcoholism, coronary artery disease, obesity, Alzheimer’s disease, antisocial behavior, and conduct disorder. Unfazed, he enthusiastically published his complete genome on the Internet. “A lot of people are scared to have their DNA examined,” he says. “They think all their inner secrets will be revealed. Even medical students are wary about supplying their DNA. But the course of our lives isn’t genetically determined, apart from exceptional cases where life expectancy is reduced by a serious hereditary condition.” Most people aren’t aware of the subtle mechanisms of genetics, he adds. “People think like 1980s scientists. Possibilities for analyzing DNA were limited back then.

Wouldn’t it be nice to have plug and play technology for your boilers just like on your home computer? Wouldn’t it be great if this technology could give you instant and measurable reductions of 5 percent or more in fuel consumption? Well, in the modern era, this technology has arrived. A small Romanian company has developed a technology that treats combustion air that significantly increases fuel efficiency and lowers emissions on furnaces and boilers by interacting with the fuel at the combustion stage. This technology has the potential to reduce emissions of CO2 by 2–20%, NOx by 5–30%, SOx by 20–60% and emissions that negatively affect human health like acid mists (SO3), dioxins, benzenes, and VOC by as much as 90%. With over a million hours of testing on over 100 boilers and furnaces this economical technology holds great promise. The best part of the technology is that there is limited capital investment or operational costs, and use of the specialty aerosol injection will reduce wear and corrosion in your combustion box regardless of the fuel burned. It reduces costs across the board. Avogadro Environmental Corporation in Easton, PA is working with our partners, Opris Engineering and Kubik in Romania to make this technology available in the United States. The technology has a long proven record of performance and has been fully tested in the U.S. for efficiency improvements and emissions reductions. The technology has received the support of USEPA and state agencies. We are looking for plant operators interested in reducing their emissions and at the same time saving 5–25% in operating and maintenance costs. We just completed two full scale tests of the technology here in the US. The first site was a 90-day test at a 450 MMBtu/hr waste coal-fired electric utility boiler in Pennsylvania. The second site was a 60-day test at a 1,500 MMBtu/hr coal-fired electric utility boiler in the Southeast US.

Abstract The main objective of this study is to run a high-resolution dynamic simulation on a 521-million cell gas condensate field model for 50 years and capture the effects of gas condensate dropout. Two challenges were encountered on the user and service provider levels. The former is performing such work in a remote location with limited processing hardware resources. The latter is related to resolving memory, CPU allocation, technical support, system resources availability, integration between providers, and simulation needs on user demand. The approach adopted in this field development planning study was to utilize the latest cloud technology to run the 521 million cell simulation on cloud clusters as well as two upscaled versions (5 and 21 million cells). Such procedures can save significant processing time and money. As opposed to direct purchase and installation of clusters that require maintenance, updates, and become outdated over time, with a cloud cluster that is kept updated and maintained by service providers, significant cost overheads (in millions) could be saved. Using such technology allows operators to get global technical support making executing such simulations viable even in the most remote locations. The field under study is a gas condensate field that on its own can present multiple challenges including the gas condensate banking impact and compositional modeling. The main strategy adopted in this study was to utilize the static model with no upscaling, to capture the geological details. With the utilization of cloud technology, all simulations were completed in record time. The 5 million cell model was executed in 23 min, while the 21 million cell model executed in 4 hours, and the 521 million executed in 65 hours. The results of the simulations showed that the gas condensate banking effect was captured clearly after the implementation of local grid refinement (LGR) on the upscaled models. A good match was observed in the production profiles for all key parameters, such as gas rates, oil and condensate rates and their cumulative productions. Using cloud technology saved the operating company over 5 million dollars in cluster hardware direct purchase, support and maintenance costs, making the utilization of the cloud computing technology not only economical, but also bringing about operational efficiencies. This is the first time a cloud-based dynamic simulation is performed on a 521 million cell model in the world and the first time, an on-demand reservoir simulation based on cloud computing technology has been conducted in the Middle East region. This paper will also show that, given the right model parameters, carefully built smaller models can yield results similar to larger models, highlighting the importance of efficiency.