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Journal articles on the topic 'The Defects of Structure'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 28 May 2022

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

An, Ning, Xunwen Su, Dongmei Zhu, and Mileta M. Tomovic. "Influence of Defects on In-Plane Dynamic Properties of Hexagonal Ligament Chiral Structures." Sustainability 14, no. 18 (2022): 11432. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su141811432.

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Although the six-ligament chiral structure has many unique properties, due to its special structure, the stress concentration is prone to defects. In addition, additive manufacturing is also prone to defects. This paper studies the effect of defects, which is helpful for the better application of the six-ligament chiral structure. Several new six-ligament chiral structures with random and concentrated defects were designed to explore the effects of the defects on the in-plane dynamic properties. The structures were studied with the finite element ANSYS/LSDYNA numerical simulation and experimen

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2

Mostovoy, Sergey, and Oleg Pavlovsky. "Simulation of lattice statistical models with defects: Critical Casimir Effect." EPJ Web of Conferences 175 (2018): 03005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/201817503005.

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The influence of lattice structure defects on phase transition phenomena was studied in framework of 2D spin model. Effective mass of defect was proposed for investigation of conformal properties of the model at critical point. The volume dependence of defect’s mass at critical point and the Critical Casimir interaction of two defects were studied. It was shown that this Casimir interaction is attraction for any value of hopping parameter. The confinement of the defect on the defects line and the process of defects line collapse were studied. Applications in nanophysics and biophysics were dis

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3

Zhao, Yanfeng, Alastair N. Cormack, and Yiquan Wu. "Atomistic Simulations of Defect Structures in Rare-Earth-Doped Magnesium Oxide." Crystals 14, no. 4 (2024): 384. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cryst14040384.

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Point defects induced by doping rare earth elements (RE) (Nd and Er) into a magnesium oxide host were investigated via classical atomistic simulations utilising the General Utility Lattice Program (GULP). Formation and association energies were calculated for the potential defect structures. Both isolated defects and defect complexes were considered. The most energetically favourable structures of defect complexes were found for rare-earth-doped and Li co-doped systems. The correlation between the association energy and the structure of the defect complex was investigated. The influences of Li

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4

Hu, Yang, Jinjie Zhou, and Wenying Yue. "Research on Crossing-Pipe Support Structure Defect Detection of EMAT-Excited CSH Wave." Sensors 23, no. 12 (2023): 5535. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s23125535.

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A circumferential shear horizontal (CSH) guide wave-detection method using a periodic permanent magnet electromagnetic acoustic transducer (PPM EMAT) was proposed to solve the defect detection located at the inside of the pipe welded by supporting structures. Firstly, a low-frequency CSH0 mode was selected to establish a three-dimensional equivalent model for the defect detection to cross the pipe support, and the ability of the CSH0 guided wave to propagate through the support and weld structure was analyzed. Then, an experiment was used for the further exploration of the influence of differe

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5

Li, Yilun, Régis Cottereau, and Bing Tie. "Defect modes in imperfect periodic structures." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2822, no. 1 (2024): 012146. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2822/1/012146.

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Abstract Lack of periodicity in engineering structures can arise because of imperfections in the production process or a particular purpose to produce desirable physical effects. This contribution presents a series of numerical simulations that quantitatively characterize the influence of defects on the dispersion relation and associated eigenmodes of imperfect periodic structures. Local defects are introduced periodically on a scale larger than the size of the unit cell of the non-disturbed periodic structure. The observations reveal that these defects can give rise to non-propagating modes a

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6

Veblen, David R. "Fine structure and properties of defects in naturally occurring silicates and oxides." Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America 48, no. 4 (1990): 460–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0424820100175430.

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Extended defects and interfaces control many processes in rock-forming minerals, from chemical reactions to rock deformation. In many cases, it is not the average structure of a defect or interface that is most important, but rather the structure of defect terminations or offsets in an interface. One of the major thrusts of high-resolution electron microscopy in the earth sciences has been to identify the role of defect fine structures in reactions and to determine the structures of such features. This paper will review studies using HREM and image simulations to determine the structures of de

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7

Plançon, A., and C. Zacharie. "An expert system for the structural characterization of kaolinites." Clay Minerals 25, no. 3 (1990): 249–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1180/claymin.1990.025.3.01.

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AbstractUntil recently, the determination of the defect structures (previously referred to incorrectly as “crystallinity”) of kaolinites has been obtained in one of two ways: (1) measurement of the Hinckley index, or (2) by comparing calculated X-ray diffraction patterns based on a model of the defect structure (including types of defects and abundances) with experimental diffraction profiles. The Hinckley method is simple and easy to perform but contains no real information about the defect structure. Calculated XRD patterns are based on real defects but these calculations are time consuming

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8

Chakraborti (Banerjee), Gargi, Arka Bandyopadhyay, and Debnarayan Jana. "Effect and Characterization of Stone–Wales Defects on Graphene Quantum Dot: A First-Principles Study." Condensed Matter 3, no. 4 (2018): 50. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/condmat3040050.

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A first principles based density functional theory (DFT) has been employed to identify the signature of Stone–Wales (SW) defects in semiconducting graphene quantum dot (GQD). Results show that the G mode in the Raman spectra of GQD has been red shifted to 1544.21 cm − 1 in the presence of 2.08% SW defect concentration. In addition, the intensity ratio between a robust low intense contraction–elongation mode and G mode is found to be reduced for the defected structure. We have also observed a Raman mode at 1674.04 cm − 1 due to the solo contribution of the defected bond. The increase in defect

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9

Zhao, Xiaoji, Yanlu Li, and Xian Zhao. "Density Functional Theory Study of the Point Defects on KDP (100) and (101) Surfaces." Molecules 27, no. 24 (2022): 9014. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules27249014.

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Surface defects are usually associated with the formation of other forms of expansion defects in crystals, which have an impact on the crystals’ growth quality and optical properties. Thereby, the structure, stability, and electronic structure of the hydrogen and oxygen vacancy defects (VH and VO) on the (100) and (101) growth surfaces of KDP crystals were studied by using density functional theory. The effects of acidic and alkaline environments on the structure and properties of surface defects were also discussed. It has been found that the considered vacancy defects have different properti

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10

Zhang, Xingjun, Jinjie Zhou, Yang Hu, Yao Liu, and Xingquan Shen. "Electromagnetic Acoustic Detection of Pipe Defects Hidden above T-Type Support Structures with Circumferential Shear Horizontal Guided Wave." Micromachines 15, no. 4 (2024): 550. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi15040550.

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When pipe defects are generated above the T-type support structure location, it is difficult to distinguish the reflection signals caused by the weld bead at the support structure from the reflection echoes of pipe defects. Therefore, in order to effectively detect pipe defects, a waveform subtraction method with a circumferential shear horizontal (CSH) guided wave is proposed, which is generated by an electromagnetic acoustic transducer (EMAT). First, a CSH0 guided wave mode with a center frequency of 500 kHz is selected to establish a three-dimensional model with and without pipe defects abo

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11

Hwang, In-Jun, and Mijin Kim. "Structure-Property Relationships in Quantum Defect Arrangement in Peroxide-Mediated Functionalization." ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2025-01, no. 12 (2025): 999. https://doi.org/10.1149/ma2025-0112999mtgabs.

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Fluorescent quantum defects are covalent functional groups that can be synthetically incorporated into single-wall carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs). Quantum defects vastly increase the chemical diversity of SWCNTs and modulate their physicochemical properties. The defect emission is molecularly tunable by functional groups and configuration of the quantum defects and chirality of SWCNTs. In this presentation, we discuss hyperspectral imaging and statistical analysis of quantum defect functionalized SWCNT mixtures with peroxide-mediated defect chemistry. We present a method to assign and quantitativel

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12

Song, Ya-Fei, Qing-Ju Tang, Chi-Wu Bu, Yu-Mei Lu, and Peng Xu. "Linear frequency modulation infrared thermal imaging detection technology for GFRP/PMI foam sandwich structure defects." Thermal Science, no. 00 (2023): 7. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/tsci220806007s.

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As one of the important structures of composite materials, PMI foam sandwich structure is prone to debonding and delamination defects during manufacturing and service, which seriously affects the mechanical properties of materials. Therefore, it is necessary to detect the defects of foam sandwich structure. A linear frequency modulation (LFM) infrared thermal wave nondestructive testing system was built to study the correlation between the geometric characteristics (diameter and depth) of the defect and the surface temperature signal and its influence on the detection effect. The image sequenc

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13

Sozykin, Sergey Anatolevich, Valeriy Petrovich Beskachko, and G. P. Vyatkin. "Atomic Structure and Mechanical Properties of Defective Carbon Nanotube (7,7)." Materials Science Forum 843 (February 2016): 78–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.843.78.

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The article presents the results of first-principle modeling of a defectless (7,7) carbon nanotube and (7,7) nanotubes containing single and double vacancy defects, as well as Stone–Wales defects. These types of defects are often found in real nanotubes and affect their properties. We have established that reliable results can be obtained by using models of more than 1.5 nm in length. It turned out that a single vacancy defect has the least influence on Young modulus, and double n type vacancy defect in the most influential. The elongation at break also depends on the defect type and is 30-60%

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14

Plummer, P. LM. "Computational studies of ice defects." Canadian Journal of Physics 81, no. 1-2 (2003): 325–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/p03-041.

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Continuing our investigations of the energetics associated with defect formation and migration, both ab initio energy-structure calculations and molecular dynamics simulations are carried out on small clusters of water molecules containing one or more defects in hydrogen bonding. Previous studies in this series have identified structures containing defects that are stable at 0 K or that are transition states between such structures. However, results from this laboratory and elsewhere have shown that the energy required for the production or migration of a defect is more complex than merely the

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15

Mostovoy, S. D., and O. V. Pavlovsky. "Particle-like behavior of defects near a defect line in 2D Ising model: Defect–antidefect pair production and interaction." International Journal of Modern Physics B 33, no. 12 (2019): 1950117. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217979219501170.

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The aim of this work is to investigate Casimir effect in a system comprising of a defect line along with isolated defects (vacancies) in 2D Ising model. We have found out that the interaction energy has a decaying exponent with distance between defects. We are interested in an analogy between Casimir behavior of this defect structure and quantum field theory. The simplest deformation of a defect line (a defect’s position change) can be treated as defect–“antidefect” pair creation. Single defect is attracted to a defect line. By means of Monte Carlo simulation, the energy of pair creation and C

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16

Wen, Jiawei, Can Jiang, and Hao Chen. "Detection of Multi-Layered Bond Delamination Defects Based on Full Waveform Inversion." Sensors 24, no. 12 (2024): 4017. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s24124017.

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This study aimed to address the challenges encountered in traditional bulk wave delamination detection methods characterized by low detection efficiency. Additionally, the limitations of guided wave delamination detection methods were addressed, particularly those utilizing reflected waves, which are susceptible to edge reflections, thus complicating effective defect extraction. Leveraging the full waveform inversion algorithm, an innovative approach was established for detecting delamination defects in multi-layered structures using ultrasonic guided wave arrays. First, finite element modelin

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17

Zhong, Zhiyan, Hongxin Wang, and Dan Xiang. "Small Defect Detection Based on Local Structure Similarity for Magnetic Tile Surface." Electronics 12, no. 1 (2022): 185. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics12010185.

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Surface defect detection is critical in manufacturing magnetic tiles to improve production yield. However, existing detection methods are difficult to use to accurately locate and segment small defects on magnetic tile images, because these defects always occupy extremely low proportions of images, and their visual features are difficult to identify, which means their feature representation for defect detection is quite weak. To address this issue, we propose an effective and feasible detection algorithm for small defects on magnetic tile surfaces. Firstly, based on local structure similarity

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18

Chen, Tao, Yongqi Yin, Cheng Lv, Xiaochun Song, Zhiyang Deng, and Qiao Wu. "Research On Pulse Eddy Current Detection Technique of Thinning Defects In the Aluminum-Steel Structure of Wing Wall Plate." Materials Evaluation 83, no. 2 (2025): 44–54. https://doi.org/10.32548/2025.me-04482.

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Owing to the variation in metal activity, the aluminum-steel structure of wing wall panels is particularly susceptible to galvanic corrosion. Because of the concealed nature of the defects and the significant disparity in the physical properties of the materials, detecting thinning defects in aluminum-steel structures proves highly challenging. To tackle these issues, this study introduces a pulsed eddy current detection technique capable of accurately identifying various types of thinning defects within aluminum-steel structures. First, finite element simulation software is employed to establ

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19

Mahadik, Nadeemullah A., Robert E. Stahlbush, Syed B. Qadri, et al. "Structure of Inclusions in 4° Offcut 4H-SiC Epitaxy." Materials Science Forum 645-648 (April 2010): 315–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.645-648.315.

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The structure of various inclusions in SiC epitaxial layers grown on 4o offcut substrates was investigated using three advanced techniques. Using micro-Raman spectroscopy, the observed inclusions exhibited a complex structure having either different SiC polytypes like 3C or 6H or they were misoriented 4H-SiC inclusions. The UVPL images showed dislocations and other extended defects around the inclusion-related defects, and strain fields were observed in the x-ray topographs near the defect sites. Spectral UVPL imaging shows features with varying luminescence inside the inclusion related defect

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20

Azzaz, Hamza, Djaffar Dahmoun, O. Chaterbache, and Mohammed Azzaz. "Prediction of Mechanical Properties of Coiled Carbon Nanotubes by Molecular Structural Mechanics Based Finite Element Modelling." Defect and Diffusion Forum 380 (November 2017): 124–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ddf.380.124.

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Carbon nanotubes (NTC) have very spectacular mechanical properties related to their nanometric structure, their perfect arrangement and their one-dimensional geometry. As with all materials, structural defects are inevitable and affects NTC properties. Among these defects, we distinguish the topological defects, the dislocations and the penta-hepta defect. But the presence of these defects is not totally harmful, because the existence of some structure like the coiled nanotube is the result of these defects. For this, in the first part of this work, the coiled carbon nanotube structure is stud

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21

Pezoldt, Jörg, and Andrei Alexandrovich Kalnin. "Defects and Polytype Instabilities." Materials Science Forum 924 (June 2018): 147–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.924.147.

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A model based on the generation and recombination of defect was developed to describe the stability of stacking faults and basal plane dislocation loops in crystals with layered polytype structures. The stability of the defects configuration was analysed for stacking faults surrounded by Shockley and Frank partial dislocation as well as Shockley dislocation dipoles with long range elastic fields. This approach allows the qualitative prediction of defect subsystems in polytype structure in external fields.

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22

JIANG, B., J. L. PENG, L. A. BURSILL, and H. WANG. "MICROSTRUCTURE AND PROPERTIES OF FERROELECTRIC Bi4Ti3O12 THIN FILMS." Modern Physics Letters B 13, no. 26 (1999): 933–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217984999001147.

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The film morphology and defect structure of ferroelectric bismuth titanate thin films are studied by high resolution transmission electron microscopy. As-grown and RTA-processed thin films have similar defect structures, consisting of stacking faults and complex intergrowth defect structures. The as-grown specimens prepared at low temperature had smaller particle size with higher density of these defects compared to RTA-processed samples. Detailed atomic structure models for the stacking faults and intergrowth defect structures are proposed and the computer-simulated images are compared with e

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23

Zhou, Xiaoling, and Robert L. K. Tiong. "Defect Detection in Civil Structure Using Deep Learning Method." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2762, no. 1 (2024): 012068. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2762/1/012068.

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Abstract With the usage time, undesirable defects like crack and spalling appeared in various types of civil structures including beam; wall and column. These defects have a great influence on the usage life of the structures and hence need attention and maintenance. Normally, defect detection in civil structures is the human visual inspection. The manual approach is time-consuming and has a low accuracy. In this paper, we use deep learning method to predict multiple defects in various types of civil structures. Crack and spalling are recognized using the convolutional neural network model in

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24

Wu, Feng, Jacob Ewing, Cheyenne Lynsky, et al. "Structure of V-defects in long wavelength GaN-based light emitting diodes." Journal of Applied Physics 133, no. 3 (2023): 035703. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0135278.

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The V-defect is a naturally occurring inverted hexagonal pyramid structure that has been studied in GaN and InGaN growth since the 1990s. Strategic use of V-defects in pre-quantum well superlattices or equivalent preparation layers has enabled record breaking efficiencies for green, yellow, and red InGaN light emitting diodes (LEDs) utilizing lateral injection of holes through the semi-polar sidewalls of the V-defects. In this article, we use advanced characterization techniques such as scattering contrast transmission electron microscopy, high angle annular dark field scanning transmission el

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Al-Zubi, Ali, Gustav Bihlmayer, and Stefan Blügel. "Electronic Structure of Oxygen-Deficient SrTiO3 and Sr2TiO4." Crystals 9, no. 11 (2019): 580. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cryst9110580.

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The conductive behavior of the perovskite SrTiO 3 is strongly influenced by the presence of oxygen vacancies in this material, therefore the identification of such defects with spectroscopic methods is of high importance. We use density functional theory to characterize the defect-induced states in SrTiO 3 and Sr 2 TiO 4 . Their signatures at the surface, the visibility for scanning tunneling spectroscopy and locally conductive atomic force microscopy, and the core-level shifts observed on Ti atoms in the vicinity of the defect are studied. In particular, we find that the exact location of the

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26

Termini, Dolores, John Federici, Ian Gatley, and Louis Rizzo. "The Use of Terahertz Computed Tomography and Time Domain Spectroscopy to Evaluate Symmetry in 3D Printed Parts." Polymers 16, no. 23 (2024): 3296. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym16233296.

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3D printing has become essential to many fields for its low-cost production and rapid prototyping abilities. As 3D printing becomes an alternative manufacturing tool, developing methods to non-destructively evaluate defects for quality control is essential. This study integrates the non-destructive terahertz (THz) analysis methods of terahertz time-domain spectroscopy (THz-TDS) and terahertz computed tomography (THz CT) to image and assess 3D printed resin structures for defects. The terahertz images were reconstructed using MATLAB, and the rotational symmetry of various structures before and

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27

Darmon, Alexandre, Michael Benzaquen, David Seč, Simon Čopar, Olivier Dauchot, and Teresa Lopez-Leon. "Waltzing route toward double-helix formation in cholesteric shells." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 113, no. 34 (2016): 9469–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1525059113.

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Liquid crystals, when confined to a spherical shell, offer fascinating possibilities for producing artificial mesoscopic atoms, which could then self-assemble into materials structured at a nanoscale, such as photonic crystals or metamaterials. The spherical curvature of the shell imposes topological constraints in the molecular ordering of the liquid crystal, resulting in the formation of defects. Controlling the number of defects, that is, the shell valency, and their positions, is a key success factor for the realization of those materials. Liquid crystals with helical cholesteric order off

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28

Sika, Robert, Michał Rogalewicz, Paweł Popielarski, et al. "Decision Support System in the Field of Defects Assessment in the Metal Matrix Composites Castings." Materials 13, no. 16 (2020): 3552. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma13163552.

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This paper presented a new approach to decision making support of defects assessment in metal matrix composites (MMC). It is a continuation of the authors’ papers in terms of a uniform method of casting defects assessment. The idea of this paper was to design an open-access application (follow-up system called Open Atlas of Casting Defects (OACD)) in the area of industry and science. This a new solution makes it possible to quickly identify defect types considering the new classification of casting defects. This classification complements a classical approach by adding a casting defect group c

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Milovanović, Bojan, Mergim Gaši, and Sanjin Gumbarević. "Principal Component Thermography for Defect Detection in Concrete." Sensors 20, no. 14 (2020): 3891. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s20143891.

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The goal of the condition assessment of concrete structures is to gain an insight into current condition of concrete and the existence of defects, which decrease durability and usability of the structure. Defects are quite difficult to detect using infrared thermography when concrete elements cannot be thermally excited with the Sun, together with unfavorable thermophysical properties of concrete structures. In this paper, principal component thermography (PCT) is applied as a post-processing method to a sequence of thermograms in order to enhance defect detectability in concrete structures. D

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Li, Jun, Meilin Zhu, Rou Feng, et al. "Structural Characteristics, Stability, and Electronic Properties of 001 Surface with Point Defects of Zinc Stannate: A First-Principle Study." Inorganics 10, no. 12 (2022): 258. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/inorganics10120258.

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This work presents first-principles calculations on the surface and defect impact upon zinc stannate (ZS) materials with perovskite bulk structures. The structure and electronic properties of both a perfect 001 surface and surfaces with a point defect of ZS were investigated by means of density functional theory calculations. The cohesive energies of a perfect 001 surface and those with O, Sn, or Zn defects were decreased compared with that of bulk ZS. Oxygen defects on the 001 surface of ZS formed more easily than others based on the obtained cohesive energy and defect formation energy. The e

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Ueng, H. Y., and H. L. Hwang. "The defect structure of CuInS2. part I: Intrinsic defects." Journal of Physics and Chemistry of Solids 50, no. 12 (1989): 1297–305. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0022-3697(89)90403-4.

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Hu, Yucheng, Yang Qu, and Pingwen Zhang. "On the Disclination Lines of Nematic Liquid Crystals." Communications in Computational Physics 19, no. 2 (2016): 354–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.4208/cicp.210115.180515a.

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AbstractDefects in liquid crystals are of great practical importance and theoretical interest. Despite tremendous efforts, predicting the location and transition of defects under various topological constraint and external field remains to be a challenge. We investigate defect patterns of nematic liquid crystals confined in three-dimensional spherical droplet and two-dimensional disk under different boundary conditions, within the Landau-de Gennes model. We implement a spectral method that numerically solves the Landau-de Gennes model with high accuracy, which allows us to study the detailed s

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Mugnaioli, Enrico, and Tatiana E. Gorelik. "Structure analysis of materials at the order–disorder borderline using three-dimensional electron diffraction." Acta Crystallographica Section B Structural Science, Crystal Engineering and Materials 75, no. 4 (2019): 550–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s2052520619007339.

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Diffuse scattering, observed as intensity distribution between the Bragg peaks, is associated with deviations from the average crystal structure, generally referred to as disorder. In many cases crystal defects are seen as unwanted perturbations of the periodic structure and therefore they are often ignored. Yet, when it comes to the structure analysis of nano-volumes, what electron crystallography is designed for, the significance of defects increases. Twinning and polytypic sequences are other perturbations from ideal crystal structure that are also commonly observed in nanocrystals. Here we

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McKernan, Stuart, and C. Barry Carter. "Planar defects in AIN." Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America 47 (August 6, 1989): 432–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0424820100154135.

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Aluminum nitride has recently become the subject of much interest as a technologically useful ceramic. The mechanical strength, high thermal conductivity and large electrical resistivity and a relatively small thermal expansion coefficient, make this material extremely well suited as a semiconductor substrate material. AlN has the hexagonal, wurtzite structure rather than the cubic structure of the more common semiconductors. It is also a polar material. The characterization of microstructural defects in this material is obviously necessary to the understanding of the materials properties.In s

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Englich, J., P. Novák, and H. Lütgemeier. "Defects in Ferrites Studied by 57Fe NMR." International Journal of Modern Physics B 12, no. 06 (1998): 609–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217979298000375.

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Presence of defects in ferrites gives rise to a modification of the hyperfine field on nuclei of those iron ions, which are situated in the neighborhood of the defect. If the concentration of defects is small, satellite structure of the NMR spectra of 57 Fe nuclei is observed. Analysis of this satellite structure provides valuable information. In particular concentration of the defect, its distribution over various sublattices, magnetic moment and the valency may be obtained. In the present paper we describe how the analysis of the satellite structure is performed, summarize the requirements o

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Liu, Wei, Yaning Han, Min Liu, Liang Chen, and Jing Xu. "Effect of defects on optical and electronic properties of graphene quantum dots: a density functional theory study." RSC Advances 13, no. 24 (2023): 16232–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d3ra02564k.

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The effects of different types of defects (vacancy, Stone–Wales defects, and heteroatom doping) and varying defect concentrations (single and double defects) on the structure, electronic, and optical properties of graphene quantum dots (GQDs).

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Lu, Yaxin, Jeremy Richmond, Kekic Murat, Jianlin Yin, and Brett Hambly. "2P039 Structural defects in fibrillin associated with Marfan syndrome(01B. Protein: Structure & Function,Poster)." Seibutsu Butsuri 53, supplement1-2 (2013): S165. http://dx.doi.org/10.2142/biophys.53.s165_3.

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Cheng, Peng Fei, Han Chen Liu, and Ying Tang Zhang. "Identification of ZnO Defect Structure by PL Spectroscopy." Advanced Materials Research 393-395 (November 2011): 135–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.393-395.135.

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Defect structure of ZnO determines the optoelectronic characteristics of ZnO crystal and film. The identification and modulation of the defect structure is the foundation of the manufacture of optoelectronic devices. Although a good deal of research has been carried out about intrinsic defects and doping defects in ZnO, it is difficult to obtain a conclusive result accepted by all. In the paper, ZnO film is prepared by sol-gel method and the defect structure is expressed by photoluminescent (PL) spectroscopy. Based on some basic rules the intrinsic defect structure of ZnO is confirmed and the

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Liu, Jinxin, and Kexin Li. "Intelligent Metal Welding Defect Detection Model on Improved FAST-PNN." Coatings 12, no. 10 (2022): 1523. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/coatings12101523.

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In order to solve the problem of accurate and efficient detection of welding defects in the process of batch welding of metal parts, an improved Probabilistic Neural Network (PNN) algorithm was proposed to build an automatic identification model of welding defects. Combined with the characteristics of the PNN model, the structure and algorithm flow of the FAST-PNN algorithm model are proposed. Extraction of welding defect image texture features of metal welded parts by a Gray Level Co-occurrence Matrix (GLCM) screens out the characteristic indicators that can effectively characterize welding d

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Zhao, Yanfeng, Alastair N. Cormack, and Yiquan Wu. "Defect Structures of Rare Earth-Doped Lutetium Oxide and Impacts of Li Co-Dopant." Crystals 14, no. 5 (2024): 413. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cryst14050413.

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Defect complexes consisting of point defects induced by the doping of rare earth elements (Nd, Er) into lutetium oxide (Lu2O3) host were investigated with respect to defect formation energies and defect configurations using atomistic simulations with General Utility Lattice Program (GULP). The site preferences of the substitutional point defects of the dopants and the occupation between the two available cationic sites, the 8b and 24d sites, were analyzed. Additionally, the impacts of Li on the doping of rare earth elements into Lu2O3 were revealed from the viewpoints of energy and structure.

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Warner, Jamie, and Alex Robertson. "The atomic structure of defects in graphene." Acta Crystallographica Section A Foundations and Advances 70, a1 (2014): C514. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s2053273314094856.

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Defects in graphene influence its electronic, magnetic, chemical and mechanical properties. It is therefore important to have a detailed understanding of their exact atomic structure in order to accurately predict their behaviour. In this talk I will present a summary of research on resolving the atomic structure of vacancy defects in graphene, single atom dopants covalently bonded in the lattice, and their transition dynamics. By using aberration-corrected transmission electron microscopy, combined with monochromation of the electron source to reduce chromatic aberration effects, sub-Angstrom

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Zhang, Zhekun, Yankun Wang, Tianqi Guo, and Pengfei Hu. "The Influence of Defect Engineering on the Electronic Structure of Active Centers on the Catalyst Surface." Catalysts 15, no. 7 (2025): 651. https://doi.org/10.3390/catal15070651.

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Defect engineering has recently emerged as a cutting-edge discipline for precise modulation of electronic structures in nanomaterials, shifting the paradigm in nanoscience from passive ‘inherent defect tolerance’ to proactive ‘defect-controlled design’. The deliberate introduction of defect—including vacancies, dopants, and interfaces—breaks the rigid symmetry of crystalline lattices, enabling new pathways for optimizing catalysis performance. This review systematically summarizes the mechanisms underlying defect-mediated electronic structure at active sites regulation, including (1) reconstru

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Muravsky, L. I., O. G. Kuts, and G. I. Gaskevych. "Detection of planar subsurface defects in fiberglass plastic composite panels by optical-acoustic method." Information extraction and processing 2022, no. 50 (2022): 34–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/vidbir2022.50.034.

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An optical-acoustic method for detecting subsurface defects in laminated composite structures is considered. The method is based on a new approach to detecting such defects by forming and visualizing the mode structure of oscillations of a thin layer of material (region of interest (ROI)) located directly above the defect. The oscillations of the ROI occur at frequencies corresponding to the resonant frequencies of an edge-clamped thin membrane excited by flexural ultrasonic (US) waves. To technically implement the method, an experimental breadboard of a hybrid optical-digital system was creat

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Stsepuro, N. G., M. S. Kovalev, G. K. Krasin, P. A. Danilov, and S. I. Kudryashov. "Three-dimensional mapping of the optical centers in the bulk of natural diamond by photoluminescent spectroscopy." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2127, no. 1 (2021): 012049. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2127/1/012049.

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Abstract Optically active defects in natural diamonds form specific spectral bands in the optical absorption and luminescence spectra and are called optical centers. Optical centers in the visible spectral range and their corresponding defects are called color centers. Spectral absorption and luminescence bands usually occupy several tens of nanometers in the spectral range and often have a complex structure. This spectral structure is unique to each optical center. The stationary broadband UV-MIR characterization of the set of optically active defects in the bulk of natural diamond with a wid

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Liu, Ne, Shiqiang Shen, Ying Zhu, Ying Gao, and Yongdong Pan. "Debonding Detection of Thin-Walled Adhesive Structure by Electromagnetic Acoustic Resonance Technology." Materials 17, no. 20 (2024): 5073. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma17205073.

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The detection of debonding defects in thin-walled adhesive structures, such as clad-iron/rubber layers on the leading edges of helicopter blades, presents significant challenges. This paper proposes the application of electromagnetic acoustic resonance technology (EMAR) to identify these defects in thin-walled adhesive structures. Through theoretical and simulation studies, the frequency spectrum of ultrasonic vibrations in thin-walled adhesive structures with various defects was analyzed. These studies verified the feasibility of applying EMAR to identify debonding defects. The identification

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Morikawa, Sergio Ricardo Kokay, Daniel Pontes Lannes, and Antonio Lopes Gama. "Application of Piezoelectric Materials for Monitoring the Growth of Defects in Structures." Materials Science Forum 643 (March 2010): 113–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.643.113.

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This paper presents the results of an experimental investigation on the use of piezoelectric materials as a technique for monitoring the growth of defects in structures. The method consists of exciting the structure with piezoelectric actuators while recording the electromechanical responses from sensors placed close to the defect. The piezoelectric sensors detect the damage growth or an incipient defect by monitoring changes in the dynamic strain field, induced by the piezoelectric actuator, near the defect. This technique was evaluated through experiments using an aluminum frame structure. R

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Zasadzinski, J. A., L. E. Scriven, and H. T. Davis. "Liposome structure and defects." Philosophical Magazine A 51, no. 2 (1985): 287–302. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01418610.1985.12069163.

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Welch, D. O., V. J. Emery, and D. E. Cox. "Oxygen defects and structure." Nature 327, no. 6120 (1987): 278–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/327278a0.

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Peřina, Zdeněk, Radek Fabian, Marie Wolfová, Pavel Valíček, and Vladan Panovec. "Non-Destructive Defectoscopy of Building Structures by Lock-In Thermography." Advanced Materials Research 1122 (August 2015): 173–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1122.173.

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Nowadays there are many diagnostic methods for the detection of different defects in building structures. Destructive methods, which do not enable purposeful redevelopment action or a potential cause prediction of the defect without damage to the structure, are mostly used. Lock-in thermography is based on the modulation of the controlled heat flow, which impact on the diagnosed object. Heat (usually sinusoidal) wave penetrates inside the element and in the place of environmental change, ie. anomalies / deviations in the structure of the material of the tested object are reflected back to the

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Gao, Hong, Wu Gao, Chun Xiao Li, and Xiao Xia Huo. "Influence of the Structural Performance of Steel Tubular Scaffold Based on Measured Imperfection." Applied Mechanics and Materials 256-259 (December 2012): 754–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.256-259.754.

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In order to study the impact of the measured defects on the structure and properties of steel tubular scaffold, the stochastic finite element theory is used to study the different effects of different defect structure.To accord to the random sampling method, Nine five projects under construction fasteners scaffolding works pipe is measured.In the the live 6m and 3m φ48 × 3.5 specifications 748 pipe wall thickness, diameter, initial bending raw data is random sampling tests. Article establish a structure commonly used rod defects random distribution of pipe wall thickness, diameter and initial

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