Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'The digital tachograph'

Control authorities and experts in their practice come across digital tachographs. Digital data is an important source of relevant input data and informations needed for in depth road accident analysis. In practice, it is possible to encounter an existing negative phenomenon, an unauthorised access to and fraudulent manipulation of the tachograph´s data. False data has a major impact on the results of the accident investigation and analysis. Control authorities and experts should be prepared for such cases. This thesis describes the different types of manipulation of Digital Tachograph records and the ways of their detection. Tachograph manipulation is a nowaday issue. It is very important to deal with this problem. For the reasons mentioned above I have set up a Data Control Procedure Standard for control authorities and experts and drafted technical requirements for future generation of tachographs.

The introduction of digital tachographs has brought many changes compared to previously used analogue tachograph. Legislation addressing this issue is quite extensive and often amended. Ever-present threat of industrial equipment, which affect the observed, and the stored data has a negative impact on road safety. The aim of this paper is to present a comprehensive overview of legislation regulating the issue of digital tachographs in relation to the introduction and use of digital tachographs, with obligations to use a tachograph, tachograph functional requirements. Process further review of data on vehicle operation recorded with a digital tachograph and analyze their availability in terms of approval of the different actors (the driver, carrier, service, police, other supervisory authorities). Contribution of this work is the elaboration of recommendations for the expert's methodology in analyzing data from the digital tachograph.

Thesis deals with device firmware design located in lorry, which provides remote access to vehicle digital tachograph data according to valid EU legislation. The result of this work is a system, which downloads digital data from digital tachograph and save them on remote server. The system for remote data downloading from automotive digital tachograph consists of three kinds of applications: server application, user application and firmware for communication device. Communication between applications uses encrypted TCP connection and own special designed messages.

碩士
國立交通大學
運輸科技與管理學系
96
The occurrence of traffic accidents is greatly influenced by inappropriate driving behaviors. Therefore, traffic accidents may be prevented in advance if these abnormal driving behaviors could be identified, and furthermore, avoided. Digital tachograph can be utilized to enhance driving safety by providing information of driving behavior, such as over-speed, instant acceleration and braking. The driving records of 337 bus drivers between January 1, 2007 and December 31, 2007 were collected from an inter-city passenger transport service provider, which had equipped digital tachograph in its fleet. Three thresholds of the driving records in terms of frequency were used to cluster bus drivers, i.e. 50th percentile, 75th percentile and 88th percentile in normal distribution. Cluster analysis was used to classify the frequency of drivers’ abnormal driving behavior into six categories with the value of R2 reaching 0.771. The risky factors which could significantly influence the occurrence of traffic accidents were identified in Cox regression analysis, namely abrupt emergency braking, medium emergency braking, medium turning without deceleration, turning on left signal, over-heat of cooling system, over-running of engine RPM, mis-engagement of 7th gear, and electro-magnet braking. The risky factors for mechanical failures were identified as over-heat of cooling system, free-run by disengagement of clutch, and mis-engagement of 7th gear.

碩士
國立臺北大學
統計學系
98
According to the government statistics in Taiwan, 2,092 people died by car accidents in 2009. Most of the car accidents were caused by human driving error. However, some car accidents were due to hazardous road conditions. Most of the accidents occur in high curvature roads, downhill and easy to speed road section. Analyzing the road characteristics, can provide the driver and road managers to be able to assess and improve the driving performances in advance, and thus car accidents may be avoided . In this study, we used digital tachograph data, such as, speed, acceleration, angular velocity as long as GPS data, such as the latitude and longitude GPS data. Through the statistical methods, we create six road safety indexes: 1.speed indicators, 2.easy speeding indicators 3.lane changing indicators, 4.centrifugal force index, 5.curvature index and 6.curvature acceleration index. The data were collected from a Taipei and Taoyuan highway route from a bus company. There are 208 trips in this traffic data base. We analyzed 10 different road sections, 3 different times zones and various drivers, in the six road safety indicators, to set the dangerous threshold for each index. Then, we construct a radar maps to demonstrate the road status through these six indexes. In addition, we also quoted Hong-Long Wang, Hsiu-Hsen Yao, Tsung-Hsien Tsai (2008)’s clustering result of the driver personalities, to study the performance of the six indexes for various driver groups.

碩士
國立虎尾科技大學
車輛工程系碩士班
100
This paper presents a successful design and implement of a digital tachograph combined with the controller area network (CAN) bus and global positioning system (GPS) to replace the traditional mechanical tachograph. It can significantly reduce the time and cost of data interpretation and improve the accuracy of the driving data and prevent to be tampered. The main controller of tachograph was used by NXP LPC1768 microcontroller. It had the smart-card to distinguish the identity of the driver, capture real-time vehicle driving information by the CAN bus system, GPS receiver module and vehicle body sensor and stored driving data to flash memory, smart-card and other storage devices to protection of record data. It can be read the record data through the LCD or the thermal printer, and be uploaded internal data by RS-232 interface or USB mass-storage device to handle data analysis on the PC. The driving recording system developed in this study can be an evidence for judging the accident event. It also can upload the travel information to provide information to fleet management system for analysis. It will effectively reduce the costs of transport operators. This system is worth to develop and apply widely. It is possible for all commercial vehicle family.

碩士
中華大學
運輸科技與物流管理學系(所)
96
The tachograph can be generally divided into the traditional mechanical tachograph and digital tachograph. The traditional mechanical tachograph has low accuracy, has to be read by professionally trained personnel, requires long processing time, and is prone to tampering. While the digital tachograph, compared with the traditional mechanical tachograph, is convenient in data transmission and management, has lower human errors in reading, as well ass advantages of expandability, possibility of integration, and capability to record different data combinations according to requests. It is an important basic functional component for intelligent vehicle fleet management to be established subsequently. In recent years, due to relevant provisions of laws and regulations, the highway bus service providers have installed tachographs on their passenger vehicles to improve service quality and ensure traffic safety, and some service providers have installed the digital tachographs. However, the functional configuration of the current digital tachograph has not been perfect, and is not able to meet the requirements of the industry, resulting in the unwillingness of most of the service providers in the industry to spend rather higher costs in installing the digital tachographs. The past literature related to the study of digital tachograph is rare in Taiwan, and analysis about the overall demand of road passenger transportation management is relatively less. In addition, the operating patterns of current passenger industry in terms of routes are becoming increasingly diversified, having expanded to route patterns such as the state road passenger transportation, long-distance road passenger transportation, urban bus service, rapid bus services, recreational sightseeing bus services. Nevertheless, different types of routes have different management demands on the business operator while the record function of the current digital tachograph is still not able to provide various functions as demanded by such various management issues. If such advanced digital equipment can further plan management function combinations of higher level with broader coverage, the management value of the passenger transportation industry can sure be significantly improved, thus making the industry more willing to use the digital tachograph. Therefore, this study aimed to understand the management issues and demands of highway bus service providers through literature review and interview, and plan 32 functions for the digital tachograph. Then AHP (analytic hierarchy process) and expert evaluation were applied to analyze the priority of the 32 functions to serve as the basis for the construction of the module. It was also learnt that the record of “driving behavior” was the most important feature as seen by the industry. This study classified and planned the 32 functions into three module schemes by clustering according to the results of functional sequence of priority. The first module scheme has 12 functions, the second module scheme has 22 functions and the third module scheme has all the 32 functions. After planning the scheme modules of various functions, this study applied the MEQQD (multicriteria evaluation with qualitative and quantitative data) to assess and select the second scheme as the optimized function combination. The findings of the present study suggested that the highway bus industry would choose the second scheme as the function combination best satisfying their demands, after considering all the practical factors and the analysis of MEQQD. Such findings can serve as a reference to product planning and development for the digital tachograph manufacturers, and to providing subsidies to purchase of tachograph by the highway bus industry as well as providing the R&D subsidies or technological assistance to the tachograph industry for the governmental agencies.

碩士
南台科技大學
科技管理研究所
97
Digital tachograph can be utilized to enhance driving safety by providing information of driving behavior, such as over-speed, instant acceleration and braking. The driving records of 546 bus drivers between September 16, 2008 and March 31, 2009 were collected from an inter-city passenger transport service provider, which had equipped digital tachograph in its fleet. The research results are divided into two parts namely time and space. In the aspect of time, abnormal events usually happen between 12:00 PM and 6:00 PM while Sundays is the day when most of the abnormal events occur. The cut-off time for the cluster results is 12 noon. Occurrence of abnormal incidents before 12 noon is comparatively less, while abnormal incidents after 12 noon is comparatively higher when compared to the cluster group. In the spatial aspect, regardless of comparing both the north-south bound lane and the whole highway, over speeding usually occurs at a small section of the 76 Km mark on the national highway. Likewise, prolonged use of the electronic brake and veering to the left were noticed at the 44 km and 163 km mark of the national highway. For the cluster results, there are three main clusters: The special characteristics in certain sections of cluster one, are determined by the frequency of abnormal events such as the “keeping safe distance”, “veering to the left”, and “veering to the right”. While for cluster 2, “sudden acceleration” and “over swerving” are the two kinds of abnormal events being monitored at sections of the national highway. The last clusters are three special characteristics at sections of the 163km mark on the national highway, wherein an in-depth analysis of the images show frequent swerving. These are the results of the study, with the optimism that it can be used as a reference in the future development of a framework for the industry, passers-by and traffic management.

碩士
國立勤益科技大學
研發科技與資訊管理研究所
101
If the drivers equipped the digital tachograph in their cars, when accident happened, then the equipments will record to be evidence of the traffic disputes. The paper explored the factors impacted on importance for evidence of the digital tachograph from utilitarian value and hedonic value. Using questionnaire to gather 145 drivers who have the experiences of digital tachograph. With Amos 20 analyzed and found that : (1) the perceived fee impacted on information quality positively; (2) the information quality and perceived fee impacted on utilitarian value positively; (3) the utilitarian value and hedonic value influenced mutually and positively; (4) The utilitarian value and hedonic value impacted on the importance for evidence positively ; (5) the utilitarian value and hedonic value were mediated effect on the importance for evidence. In the fact, the digital tachograph is vital importance for protecting drivers. Conclusions and limitations of this study are also discussed.

碩士
逢甲大學
交通工程與管理所
94
The key elements of the traffic accidents are drivers, vehicles, roads and environment. The related researches show that the main factor for traffic accidents is the driver and mainly because of its negligence. Digital Tachograph can serve as an equipment to enhance driving safety. Through Tachograph statistical analysis software, the inappropriate driving behaviors such as the driving time, number of driving time, driving mileage, overspeed, sudden acceleration, sudden braking, the abnormal driving such as deviation from the specified driving routes, too long parking time, parking and rest without turn off engine, and the vehicle periodic maintenance, highway toll, driving quality and safety, can be analyzed and evaluated to determine if the driving behavior of the driver is correct or not and preventive administrative measures can be taken as necessary. The analysis of the recording data is also good for vehicle maintenance, toll collection and statistics of parking locations. If there are traffic accidents, the analysis of the recording data is also helpful for the accident reconstruction and responsibility determination and this is the development trend for the tachograph. This study uses the abnormal recording data from the digital tachographs and the disjoint clustering of SAS software for the analysis. The data determined from the analysis were then provided to the vehicle or fleet owners to enhance the personnel management, performance determination of the drivers and so on. If the analysis reveals aggressive driving behavior, penalty and training are suggested to be provides to the drivers to correct their driving behavior. The goal of this study is to enhance the driving behavior and driving safety of the drivers and to minimize the traffic accidents. This study finally uses the monitoring items and requirements from bus company A, taking reference from relevant researches and the technical information of the vehicles, and provides the management level with the recommendations of reference for future monitoring threshold so that the abnormal driving behavior can be determined more accurately and enhance the personnel management and improve the performance determination of the drivers for the fleet owners.

碩士
國立臺北大學
統計學系
98
Can there are a lot of ways and suggestions such as the vehicle province regarding the limousine saves the oil and drives knacks among the workshops, information that people plan to driving method, apparatus using, journey which save the oil vehicle,etc. to propose using the car, among them: Go and try hard to keep the uniform velocity in the way, the limousine goes at a high speed the speed per hour maintains at 80-90 speeds per hour relatively more than 110 kilometers saves oil, it is idle to dally, waste oil wait, some website knowledge mention garage speed per hour hit pace (40~60km/hr) too rapidly for engine to prevent from Can drive than at a high speed (61~120km/hr) with the low pace (0~39km/hr) relatively fuel-efficient; Downhill path highway section worried brake will save than often worried brake oil wait for, the situation, really like the statement among the workshops often, so long as will reduce the oil consumption according to doing, and these statements and limousines drive the way and drive a vehicle the environment have something to do with, it is a topic that is worth probing into. Research this pass, drive a vehicle register device on limousine, with traval route, different vehicle, different driver, fixed to go area to be alike for to collect more mainly, drive a vehicle several the register note down the situation of driving, and quantization collects the materials, come, analyze, drive behavior until which kind of 's relation oil consumption have,experiment this purpose hope, work out this kind getting related. Reasons of the factor for influencing the oil consumption are numerous, can roughly be ivided into: 1. External environmental impact situation: Such as weather condition, situation of the road, the air conditioning is helding, etc., 2. Drive a vehicle and drive the behavioral situation: For instance drive steadily, accelerate urgently, moderate urgently, wait a moment idly rapidly, 3.Whether the driver will exert an influence on the oil consumption, if can distinguish in detail, can combine three big classes with setting up the linear model of several pieces of oil consumption with the oil situation, and then choose the model suitable most in accordance with the habits and customs. Oil some orders are to pay attention to driving the behavior to dawdle that the result of study reveals the limousine driver: Open the car light, driving a vehicle steadily of more than 100 kilometres per hour, driving a vehicle steadily of 50 to 70 kilometers of speeds per hour, it make air conditioning, engine last number of times, take number of people, speeds idle, wet, cloudy day, 70 to 90 kilometer is the urgent to drive a vehicle, pass through go up a slope by highway section,etc. with higher speed speed per hour. Remind limousine driver to pay attention to, drive behavior save oil some orders too: Pass through the through street, drive a vehicle at night, driving a vehicle urgently with higher speed of 50 to 70 kilometers of speeds per hour, driving a vehicle etc. steadily of 70 to 90 kilometers of driving a vehicle urgently with higher speed of more than general road, 100 kilometres per hour, the highway section of downhill path, speed per hour, these results can be consulted while driving a vehicle as general masses, reach the limousine and save the oil and drive the way.

碩士
國立臺北大學
統計學系
98
Global warming affects environment greatly and a steep price hike in crude oil, how to reduce fuel consumption in passenger vehicles has been an important lesson. In this study, we construct an instant fuel consumption model through the combination of on-board diagnostics system, tachograph, driver personal information and personality with regression analysis. The purpose of this study is to find out important factors which affect the instant fuel consumption. The result showed that the weight of driver and passengers will cause the instant fuel consumption goes up. Besides the driving experience, like annual distance traveled and how long after having driver license, will cause the instant fuel consumption goes down. And the driver who is single, male, or introverted has lower instant fuel consumption. The significant factors for a rise in instant fuel consumption are acceleration, engine rpm and throttle position. Angular velocity, velocity, and engine coolant temperature will down the instant fuel consumption. Keywords: On-board Diagnostics (OBD), Instant Fuel Consumption Factor, Driving Pattern, Personality, Regression Analysis

碩士
淡江大學
運輸管理學系碩士班
94
For bus carriers, the abnormal driving behaviors will not only cause a higher risk of accident and traffic offence, but also deteriorate the vehicle worn-outs, which will cause bus service broken-down. Consequently, how to monitor and manage abnormal driving behaviors effectively and efficiently is an important issue to bus operators. With the progress of science and technology, Intelligent Transportation System is developed flourishingly. Today, many bus carriers have used digital tachographs to record the bus driving details. Particularly through data mining, the extraction of hidden predictive information from large databases will help us to find out and identify the relationship among abnormal driving behavior and driving safety, fuel consumption, and maintenance cost. This study collected data from digital tachograph database, which include 61 buses, 210 drivers'' data. In the meanwhile, the vehicles related accident and traffic offence records, fuel consumption and maintenance cost data were also collected from June 1, 2004 to December 31, 2005. The first step of data mining is to confirm and define the variables and related threshold values of abnormal driving behaviors in order to extract the meaningful information. The data mining techniques were used in this study, such as multiple regression analysis and cluster analysis. Multiple regression models were developed to establish the empirical relationship among abnormal driving behaviors and driving safety, fuel consumption, and maintenance cost. The cluster analysis was applied to categorize the sample of drivers which have similar driving characteristics. The discriminate analysis was used to determine the driver''s level directly. The findings of multiple regression models indicated that the emergent deceleration and speeding variables are the key determinants of the frequency of accident; speeding and abnormal operation of electromagnetic braking variables are the key determinants of the frequency of traffic offence; emergent deceleration and acceleration, long idle time of engine operation, abnormal operation of electromagnetic braking and abnormal engine rotation variables are the key determinants for fuel consumption and maintenance cost. The cluster analysis has classified the 210 drivers into 3 category levels: fair, bad and very bad. In this case, there are 199 drivers in fair level, 9 drivers in bad level, and 2 drivers in very bad level. According to the data mining results, this study proposed an integrated driver management solution. After evaluation, it is shown that applying driver management strategies such as re-education, rewards and punishments, on a monthly basis, the frequency of accident can be reduced by 13 times, frequency of traffic offence by 2 times and a cost of NT$745,480 for extra fuel consumption and maintenance cost are saved. The above savings could be used alternately for employees'' re-education and training, or to equip digital tachographs on the bus fleets.

碩士
清雲科技大學
經營管理研究所
95
As the amount of traffic rapidly increases, traffic problems are becoming increasingly complex and this has made improving the level of road service an important issue for the current government. In this study, a digital tachograph was used for predicting travel times on highways because tacographs have lower maintenance costs; can record more detailed data and have wider applications than traditional methods. 60,387,756 pieces of historical data were collected during this study. After filtering this data, 4,744,510 pieces of data were placed in the matrix, which is a large amount of data. A suitable data processing procedure was developed in this study to process this massive amount of historical data. In addition, the processed historical data was sent through regression tree models created in a SQL Server 2005 for each section of the road. Finally, validated data was used to test the model. From this study, after the regression tree predict models derived from regression tree models were tested with validated data and then applied with mean absolute percentage error and root mean square error measurement, it was discovered that the regression tree model for each section of the road had reasonable predictability. It was also found that for some sections, predictability was highly accurate. This model can be provided to commercial vehicle managers in order to help them understand the operation status of their cars and for scheduling backup vehicles in case of problems. This model can also be used to provide travel information to commuters.