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Journal articles on the topic 'The dilemma of decision-making'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 24 April 2022

Last updated: 30 July 2025

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1

Bhatnagar, Shweta, and Rashmi Agrawal. "Value group classifier model for ethical decision-making." Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science 37, no. 3 (2025): 1899. https://doi.org/10.11591/ijeecs.v37.i3.pp1899-1907.

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Decision-makers refer to ethics or moral philosophy during times of ethical dilemma. Dilemmas are situations of inner conflict, which require a methodical approach. Diversity in viewpoints on moral decisions ensures there cannot be a fixed solution for ethical dilemmas as in the case of numerical problems. Existing ethical and sustainable decision models for businesses are not automated because of a lack of a comprehensive list of dilemmas. To resolve this gap, an AI model was trained to classify all dilemmas into three value groups by using a support vector classifier (SVC). The model provide

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Shweta, Bhatnagar Rashmi Agrawal. "Value group classifier model for ethical decision-making." Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science 37, no. 3 (2025): 1899–907. https://doi.org/10.11591/ijeecs.v37.i3.pp1899-1907.

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Decision-makers refer to ethics or moral philosophy during times of ethical dilemma. Dilemmas are situations of inner conflict, which require a methodical approach. Diversity in viewpoints on moral decisions ensures there cannot be a fixed solution for ethical dilemmas as in the case of numerical problems. Existing ethical and sustainable decision models for businesses are not automated because of a lack of a comprehensive list of dilemmas. To resolve this gap, an AI model was trained to classify all dilemmas into three value groups by using a support vector classifier (SVC). The model provide

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Enikolopov, S., T. Medvedeva, O. Boyko, O. Vorontsova, and O. Kazmina. "Changes in moral decision-making during the COVID-19 pandemic." European Psychiatry 64, S1 (2021): S660. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/j.eurpsy.2021.1753.

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IntroductionStress can influence moral decisions.ObjectivesThe aim of the study was to evaluate whether the stress experienced by people during the COVID-19 pandemic can change moral decision making.Methods311 respondents took part in the Internet survey 30.03.20-31.05.20, including SCL-90-R, and a subset of moral dilemmas proposed by Greene J.D (30 dilemmas in Russian), with «footbridge dilemma» among them as a personal dilemma and «trolley dilemma» as impersonal. The relationship of utilitarian personal dilemmas choices with psychopathological characteristics was analyzed. Personal moral dil

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Baysal, Ebru, Dilek Sari, and Hatice Erdem. "Ethical decision-making levels of oncology nurses." Nursing Ethics 26, no. 7-8 (2018): 2204–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0969733018803662.

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Aim: This study was carried out in order to determine ethical decision-making levels of oncology nurses. Ethical Consideration: Research Ethics Committee's approval was obtained prior to the data collection. Permission to use the Turkish version of the Nursing Dilemma Test was received from Birgül Cerit. Written approval was taken from school administrators to conduct the study confirming that there were no invasive procedures planned for human beings during the study period. The study was conducted in accordance with the Helsinki Declaration. Verbal consent was obtained from each of the nurse

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Aligod, Laila, and Idrissi Ayoub El. "Overcoming the Ethical Dilemma with AI: Can ChatGPT provide assistance during the Ethical Decision-Making Process?" International Journal of Scientific Research and Innovative Studies 3, no. 4 (2024): 23–32. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13227612.

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<strong>ABSTRACT</strong> Artificial intelligence (AI) systems continually evolve, reshaping various aspects of managers’ and decision-makers’ daily lives. The proliferation of illegal and unethical activities affecting organizations' stakeholders has elevated ethical decision-making to a crucial concern. To model the ethical decision-making process, we conducted an integrative literature search that considered individual, situational, organizational, and technological factors influencing each stage. Can ChatGPT provide assistance during the ethical decision-making process when dea

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Locsin, Rozzano C. "The Dilemma of Decision-Making." Holistic Nursing Practice 15, no. 3 (2001): 1–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00004650-200104000-00003.

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KARAKUŞ SELÇUK, Phd, RN, Aslıı, Ebru Baysal, and Kıymet Çakir. "Ethical Judgments in the Trolley Dilemma and Ethical Decision-Making Levels of Nursing Students." Progress in Health Sciences 12, no. 1 (2022): 43–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0015.8840.

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Purpose: This study was aimed to investigate the effect of Decision-Making levels of nursing students on the ethical judgments in the Trolley Dilemma. Materials and Methods: It was carried out with 349 nursing students from the first, second, third, and fourth grades at a university's Nursing Department of the Faculty of Health Sciences during the 2020-2021 academic year. It was designed as a descriptive cross-sectional study. The data was collected online by using Trolley Dilemma scenarios and Nursing Dilemma Test. Results: The mean scores for nursing students' principled thinking (49.97±6.40

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Dr., Sandhya S., and Prof. Dr. J. Satpathy Col. "Rendezvous' on Preference Selection." Journal of Dynamics and Control 8, no. 9 (2024): 321–43. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13832405.

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This paper offers a survey of the existing literature relevant to the research topic. It encompasses the historical evolution of preference - making, definition of preference - making, key attributes of preference - making, pros and cons of preference - making, varieties of preference - making, phases of preference - making process, approaches and contexts in preference - making, strategies for preference - making, frameworks for preference - making, innovation in preference - making, obstacles encountered by preference makers, hidden pitfalls in preference - making, and the notions of ‘

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Baral, Gehanath. "Diagnostic Dilemma in Intra-abdominal Cancers." Journal of Nepal Medical Association 63, no. 283 (2025): 132–33. https://doi.org/10.31729/jnma.8919.

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Problem statement: A diagnostic dilemma exists in cancer care, especially in intraabdominal lesions. Despite the diagnostic means available so far, clinical decision-making is practically difficult due to diagnostic limitations. The inherent variation of any means influences decision-making. There is an iceberg-like diagnostic inaccuracy in revealing the specific condition or disease. This clinical decision-making gap is worrisome. Conclusion: Besides technological and bio-molecular advancements, the structured working framework would be protective and persuasive in mitigating dilemmas to some

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Trasmundi, Sarah B., Marie S. Bloch, Stine S. Høgenhaug, et al. "Patient Psychopathology and the Management of Clinical Dilemmas in Psychotherapy: A Qualitative Analysis of Clinical Decision-Making." Journal of Educational and Developmental Psychology 10, no. 1 (2020): 29. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/jedp.v10n1p29.

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Introduction: Clinical dilemma management is an important part of daily decision-making processes in psychotherapy, and hence important for the quality of mental healthcare. However, the situated particularities of such dilemmas have been given little systematic attention &ndash; both in research and in practice, even though an improved understanding of the nature of clinical dilemmas is a central key to managing dilemmas successfully.   Method: Eight cases of authentic clinical dilemma management in psychotherapy have been analysed from the perspective of interaction analysis

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Fjørtoft, Henning, and Elin Bø Morud. "Assessment decision making in vocational education and training." Studia paedagogica 26, no. 4 (2022): 119–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.5817/sp2021-4-6.

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Assessment decision making is a highly contextual phenomenon. In this paper, we explore this topic in vocational education and training (VET). Thirty-eight teachers from five Norwegian upper secondary schools were interviewed before and after an 18-month research–practice partnership. To understand assessment decision making in VET, we draw on two bodies of knowledge: (a) research on teachers' decision making in assessment and (b) conceptualizations of teachers' professional capital. Four main findings emerged from the analysis: three assessment-related dilemmas and one professional capital-re

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Costa, Daniela, Joana Arantes, and José Keating. "A dual-process approach to cooperative decision-making under uncertainty." PLOS ONE 17, no. 3 (2022): e0265759. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0265759.

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Cooperative behaviors are typically investigated using social dilemmas inserted into scenarios with well-known characteristics. Nonetheless, in real life, group members may be uncertain about what others will decide (social uncertainty) and the characteristics of the dilemma itself (environmental uncertainty). Previous studies have shown that uncertainty reduces the willingness to cooperate. Dual-process approaches to cooperation have given rise to two different views. Some authors argue that deliberation is needed to overrule selfish motives, whereas others argue that intuition favors coopera

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Rzepiński, Tomasz, Ewa Baum, and Agnieszka Żok. "Semantic, Logical, and Ethical Considerations of Patients’ Decisions in the Resolution of Moral Dilemmas." Studies in Logic, Grammar and Rhetoric 64, no. 1 (2020): 99–123. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/slgr-2020-0042.

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Abstract Decision-making procedures in medical practice are often analysed by both philosophers of science and ethicists, as well as statisticians, clinicians and methodologists. The paper focuses on decisions made by patients in situations of moral dilemma. The main purpose is to analyse the strategies used in resolving such dilemmas. First, the concept of a ‘situation of moral dilemma’ is clarified. Then, two types of strategies for resolving such situations are distinguished. The first strategy requires revising the patient’s belief system or moral orientation. The second one includes a gro

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Bostyn, Dries H., Sybren Sevenhant, and Arne Roets. "Of Mice, Men, and Trolleys: Hypothetical Judgment Versus Real-Life Behavior in Trolley-Style Moral Dilemmas." Psychological Science 29, no. 7 (2018): 1084–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0956797617752640.

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Scholars have been using hypothetical dilemmas to investigate moral decision making for decades. However, whether people’s responses to these dilemmas truly reflect the decisions they would make in real life is unclear. In the current study, participants had to make the real-life decision to administer an electroshock (that they did not know was bogus) to a single mouse or allow five other mice to receive the shock. Our results indicate that responses to hypothetical dilemmas are not predictive of real-life dilemma behavior, but they are predictive of affective and cognitive aspects of the rea

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Chadwick, Ruth, and Jill Russell. "Hospital Discharge of Frail Elderly People: Social and Ethical Considerations in the Discharge Decision-making Process." Ageing and Society 9, no. 3 (1989): 277–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0144686x00013775.

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ABSTRACTUsing contributions from moral philosophy and sociology, this paper explores the decisions confronting care professionals when discharging frail elderly people from hospital. It is based on research into hospital discharge in South Glamorgan that has illuminated the nature of professional decision-making in multi-disciplinary ward meetings. Two key dilemmas are identified and examined in detail: first, the dilemma of discharging elderly people who, while thought by professionals to be incapable of looking after themselves and therefore ‘at risk’, nevertheless want to go home, and secon

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George, Josemon, Amol S. Dhaigude, and Sidhartha S. Padhi. "Alfa pineapple: an entrepreneur’s dilemma." Emerald Emerging Markets Case Studies 12, no. 1 (2022): 1–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/eemcs-02-2021-0039.

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Learning outcomes The case depicts an opportunity for students to be exposed to the decision theory concept. The study aims to encourage them to use the data given in the case and exhibits to explore as follows: decision-making under uncertainty; decision-making under risk; compare and contrast uncertainty and risk; and evaluate the value of perfect information EVPI and understand its application in decision-making. Case overview/synopsis Vikas Teerth, a budding entrepreneur, wanted to venture out into the pineapple business. He had three land plots available, but he would like to take up a si

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Rodenburg, Kathleen, Louise Hayes, Lianne Foti, and Ann Pegoraro. "Responsible Leadership in Sport: An Ethical Dilemma." Societies 11, no. 3 (2021): 85. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/soc11030085.

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Sports, apart from providing entertainment, can provide an escape from everyday troubles, a community to belong to, and an opportunity to connect to the wider world. As such, sports have contributed to the unification of people, the development of peace and tolerance, and the empowerment of women and young people globally. However, sports’ widespread popularity has also contributed to “big money” opportunities for sports organizations, sporting venues, athletes, and sponsors that have created an environment riddled with ethical dilemmas that make headlines, resulting in protests and violence,

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Arar, Khalid, and Anna Saiti. "Ethical leadership, ethical dilemmas and decision making among school administrators." Equity in Education & Society 1, no. 1 (2022): 126–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/27526461211070828.

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Ethical dilemmas are an inevitable element in decision making. For school organizations, the emergence of an ethical dilemma in decision making is almost a daily occurrence. The purpose of this research is to reveal the impact of ethical leadership on leaders’ decision making by comparing two samples of school administrators in the Israeli education system using the Ethical Leadership Questionnaire. The research questions were about the factors that influence ethical decision making. They were used to investigate whether or not personal characteristics have any influential role on ethical deci

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Gillick, Muriel R., and Terri Fried. "The Limits of Proxy Decision Making: Undertreatment." Cambridge Quarterly of Healthcare Ethics 4, no. 2 (1995): 172–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0963180100005855.

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With the passage by virtually every state legislature of healthcare proxy laws, the medical profession increasingly can expect to rely on the participation of surrogates in making decisions on behalf of incompetent patients. Several concerns about the legitimacy of proxy decision making have been discussed in the ethical and general medical literature: the lack of concordance between the views of patients and their surrogates have been documented on multiple occasions, and cases of abuse by proxies or potential conflict of interest have been reported. Another dilemma that deserves discussion a

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Tyler, Teresa A., and C. Cryss Brunner. "The Case for Increasing Workplace Decision-Making." Teacher Education and Special Education: The Journal of the Teacher Education Division of the Council for Exceptional Children 37, no. 4 (2014): 283–308. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0888406414527118.

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The chronically high rate of special educator attrition across U.S. schools creates a dilemma for educational leaders because special educators provide direct services to students with special needs. Attrition exacerbates already high special educator shortages reported in most districts, and nearly one million schoolchildren with disabilities receive fewer or no services as a result. Given this dilemma, the purpose of this article is to advance a research-based model to provide guidance for school administrators and researchers. Adapted from previous conceptual models and perspectives, the pr

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Shafira, Putri A., Lisa Oyong, and Adi Kohar. "Ethical Decision Dilemma for Tax Consultants in Tax Planning." Journal of Economics, Finance And Management Studies 07, no. 09 (2024): 5687–93. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13744641.

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Tax consultants contribute to assisting taxpayers in overcoming difficulties caused by the complexity of tax rules. Reliable tax consultants tend to provide aggressive advice. Tax consultants as professionals must uphold the code of ethics and applicable tax rules. In this condition, tax consultants are faced with a dilemma in making ethical decisions. This study aims to interpret more deeply how the integrity of tax consultants in facing ethical decision dilemmas in conducting tax planning using a transcendental phenomenological approach. The results of this study show that tax consultants fa

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Torp, Olav, Tobias Onshuus Malvik, Johan Christie Ørke, and Stein Cato Røsnæs. "Navigating Sustainability Dilemmas in Decision-Making for Sports Facilities." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1389, no. 1 (2024): 012007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1389/1/012007.

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Abstract Every year, sports facilities for around 5 billion NOK are built in Norway. The Norwegian Olympic and Paralympic Committee and Confederation of Sports (NIF) aim to take responsibility for the environment while planning, designing, constructing, operating, and maintaining sports facilities. There will always be dilemmas between the three dimensions of sustainability in decision-making processes. This research aims to illustrate different dilemmas and show how they should be dealt with when planning new sports facilities. This will help doing more informed decisions. The main objective

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Pustovik, V. A., L. M. Khramtsova, S. P. Kulikova, and M. Iaily. "The tendency to taking risks in solving a social dilemma in the context of collective interaction." Sibirskiy Psikhologicheskiy Zhurnal, no. 93 (2024): 114–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.17223/17267080/93/7.

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An important role in decision-making is taking a risk, which can direct a person towards one of a number of alternatives. Research involving the study of risk-taking in the context of social dilemmas considers cooperation or non-cooperation as possible decision-making options. A classic example of this choice is the decision-making process in the context of the "Prisoner's Dilemma". The choice between cooperating or not cooperating is characterized by risk, since such decisions have uncertain consequences. Despite the widespread popularity of the "Prisoner's Dilemma," the influence of the fact

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Arsang-Jang, Shahram, Ashraf Khoramirad, Davoud Pourmarzi, and Marziyeh Raisi. "Relationship Between Spiritual Intelligence and Ethical Decision Making in Iranian Nurses." Journal of Humanistic Psychology 60, no. 3 (2017): 330–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0022167817704319.

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Background: Nurses, on a daily basis, face ethical dilemmas that arise from situations involving conflicting values or beliefs. Overall, ethical decision making of nurses seems to be a challenging aspect of their duties. This study has examined the relationship between spiritual intelligence and ethical decision making in nurses working in hospitals in Iran. Proportional stratified sampling was used in this study. Data were collected from 376 nurses who completed the Spiritual Intelligence Self-Report Inventory (SISRI) and Nursing Dilemma Test. Statistical analyses were done using descriptive

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Gawronski, Bertram, Paul Conway, Mandy Hütter, Dillon M. Luke, Joel Armstrong, and Rebecca Friesdorf. "On the validity of the CNI model of moral decision-making: Reply to Baron and Goodwin (2020)." Judgment and Decision Making 15, no. 6 (2020): 1054–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1930297500008251.

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AbstractThe CNI model of moral decision-making is a formal model that quantifies (1) sensitivity to consequences, (2) sensitivity to moral norms, and (3) general preference for inaction versus action in responses to moral dilemmas. Based on a critique of the CNI model’s conceptual assumptions, properties of the moral dilemmas for research using the CNI model, and the robustness of findings obtained with the CNI model against changes in model specifications, Baron and Goodwin (2020) dismissed the CNI model as a valid approach to study moral dilemma judgments. Here, we respond to their critique,

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Rowan, R. C., Howard W. Ladewig, and Larry D. White. "Perceptions vs. Recommendations: A Rangeland Decision-Making Dilemma." Journal of Range Management 47, no. 5 (1994): 344. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/4002327.

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Yegin, Ender Gunes, Emel Eryuksel, Adnan Giral, Berrin Ceyhan, and Osman Cavit Ozdogan. "Decision-making dilemma in drug-induced acute pancreatitis." Journal of Digestive Diseases 15, no. 12 (2014): 694–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1751-2980.12200.

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Sage, Cindy. "The EMF dilemma: Decision-making amid scientific uncertainty." Electricity Journal 4, no. 3 (1991): 28–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1040-6190(05)80008-9.

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Bates, Jane. "When patient choice becomes a decision-making dilemma." Nursing Standard 35, no. 3 (2020): 12. http://dx.doi.org/10.7748/ns.35.3.12.s8.

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Jones, Charlotte, and John M. Freeman. "Decision Making in the Nursery: An Ethical Dilemma." Journal of Clinical Ethics 9, no. 3 (1998): 314–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/jce199809311.

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Fagan, Shawn E., Liat Kofler, Sarah Riccio, and Yu Gao. "Somatic Marker Production Deficits Do Not Explain the Relationship between Psychopathic Traits and Utilitarian Moral Decision Making." Brain Sciences 10, no. 5 (2020): 303. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/brainsci10050303.

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In moral dilemma tasks, high levels of psychopathic traits often predict increased utilitarian responding—specifically, endorsing sacrificing one person to save many. Research suggests that increased arousal (i.e., somatic marker production) underlies lower rates of utilitarian responding during moral dilemmas. Though deficient somatic marker production is characteristic of psychopathy, how this deficit affects the psychopathy–utilitarian connection remains unknown. We assessed psychopathic traits in undergraduates, as well as behavioral performance and skin conductance level reactivity (SCL-R

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Byrne, Paul F. "Students' Ethical Decision-Making." Journal of Business Ethics Education 21 (2024): 5–16. https://doi.org/10.5840/jbee2024212.

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The Association to Advance Collegiate Schools of Business’ (AACSB) accreditation standards specify that all business programs must include learning experiences addressing ethical understanding and reasoning. However, assessing students’ propensity to engage in ethical decision-making is not as straight forward as assessing some other business competencies. This paper examines the shortcomings of two common assessments and proposes an alternative assessment tool using a vignette with three variants. Multivariate probit regressions show that minor changes to the presentation of an ethical dilemm

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VAN DER VORST, RITA, ANNE GRAFÉ-BUCKENS, and WILLIAM R. SHEATE. "A SYSTEMIC FRAMEWORK FOR ENVIRONMENTAL DECISION-MAKING." Journal of Environmental Assessment Policy and Management 01, no. 01 (1999): 1–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s146433329900003x.

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The context of sustainable development poses new challenges for traditional environmental decision-making tools, such as environmental impact assessment, environmental management system and life cycle assessment. Today these tools are expected to provide multi-disciplinary information to aid sustainability decisions, not just to inform decisions about environmental effects. This paper brings together the different perspectives of authors from EIA, EMS and clean technology/LCA to examine critically the separate tools in the context of sustainable development, and their inter-relationships, and

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Rzepiński, Tomasz, Ewa Baum, and Agnieszka Żok. "Semantic, Logical, and Ethical Considerations of Patients’ Decisions in the Resolution of Moral Dilemmas." Studies in Logic, Grammar and Rhetoric 64, no. 1 (2020): 99–123. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/slgr-2020-0042.

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AbstractDecision-making procedures in medical practice are often analysed by both philosophers of science and ethicists, as well as statisticians, clinicians and methodologists. The paper focuses on decisions made by patients in situations of moral dilemma. The main purpose is to analyse the strategies used in resolving such dilemmas. First, the concept of a ‘situation of moral dilemma’ is clarified. Then, two types of strategies for resolving such situations are distinguished. The first strategy requires revising the patient’s belief system or moral orientation. The second one includes a grou

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Malook, Saad. "The Prisoner’s versus Pardoner’s Dilemmas: A Juxtaposition of Two Strategic Decision-Game Theoretic Approaches in Social Sciences." Journal of Social & Organizational Matters 3, no. 3 (2024): 52–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.56976/jsom.v3i3.21.

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This article introduces a strategic decision-game theoretic approach, the Pardoner’s Dilemma, and juxtaposes it with the Prisoner’s Dilemma. Game theory has emerged as a significant approach in the twentieth century for explaining strategic decision-making in numerous arenas, including economics, business, politics, ethics, international relations, biology, law, and war studies. ‘Game theory’ explains how and why players/actors/agents cooperate or conflict to procure their self-interests in a social world. Life is a game, and human, corporate, and artificial intelligent agents are players who

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Yépez Herrera, Emerson Roberto, Katherine Nataly Cabascango Delgado, and Angie Isabel Pillajo Morillo. "DILEMAS ÉTICOS EN LA TOMA DE DECISIONES EN LAS ORGANIZACIONES EDUCATIVAS: PARADIGMAS GERENCIALES." Revista Cognosis. ISSN 2588-0578 4, no. 2 (2019): 147. http://dx.doi.org/10.33936/cognosis.v4i2.1734.

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RESUMEN La ética enfocada propiamente en las organizaciones denota el punto fundamental para tomar decisiones. Se desprende un paradigma del cual nacen implicaciones directas e indirectas cuya repercusión es permanente. El objetivo del presente artículo recae en determinar la incidencia de los dilemas éticos en la toma de decisiones gerenciales. Para ello se realizó una búsqueda bibliográfica de acuerdo a criterios de inclusión y exclusión establecidos en las bases de datos de Redalyc y SciELO. Se extrajeron 816 artículos relacionados con el tema, seleccionados 18 para la revisión y apli

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OSIECKA, Gabriela, and Maciej JASIŃSKI. "Solution of Traveler’s Dilemma." Central European Review of Economics and Management 2, no. 3 (2018): 173. http://dx.doi.org/10.29015/cerem.502.

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Aim: The aim of the article is to show: 1) that the reasoning of perfectly rational players presented in 1994 by the author of the Traveler's Dilemma Kaushik Basu is incorrect and therefore leads to wrong conclusions, 2) how the reasoning of these players should look like and what solution it leads to. Design / Research methods: Logical analysis. Conclusions / findings: Perfectly rational Traveler’s Dilemma players should use, according to game theory, so-called retrograde (iterative) induction. This is wrong, as in the set of Traveler’s Dilemma games results the principle of transitivity is n

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Han, Sung-Suk, and Sung-Hee Ahn. "An Analysis and Evaluation of Student Nurses’ Participation in Ethical Decision Making." Nursing Ethics 7, no. 2 (2000): 113–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/096973300000700204.

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This study analyses the types and frequencies of ethical dilemmas and the rationale of ethical decision making in student nurses; it also evaluates their decision making. One hundred senior student nurses who were enrolled in a two-credit course in nursing ethics were asked to provide an informal description of a dilemma that they had experienced during their clinical practice. The results were as follows. The ethical dilemmas identified fell into four categories and were of 27 types. Those most frequently experienced were ‘family giving up on a patient because he or she could not be cured’, a

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Abdulzahra Hamdan, Ahmed, and Safaa Ali Hussein. "Cooperative decision-making on fiscal and monetary policy in Iraq using the prisoner’s dilemma." Banks and Bank Systems 15, no. 4 (2020): 88–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.21511/bbs.15(4).2020.08.

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This paper investigates the interaction between fiscal and monetary policy in Iraq after 2003 using the prisoner’s dilemma.The paper aims to determine the best form of coordination between these policies to achieve their goals; payoff matrix for both policies was constructed. To achieve the purpose, the quantitative approach was applied using several methods, including regression, building payoff matrices and decision analysis using a number of software.The results of the monetary policy payment function show that inflation rate has an inverse relationship with the auctions of selling foreign

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Radtke, Robin R. "Exposing Accounting Students to Multiple Factors Affecting Ethical Decision Making." Issues in Accounting Education 19, no. 1 (2004): 73–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.2308/iace.2004.19.1.73.

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This learning exercise describes one possible method to engage students in discussion about ethical issues. It focuses on recognition of ethical issues, professionalism, and individual differences in ethical orientations. The goal of this learning exercise is to stimulate discussion and resolution of ethical dilemmas among groups with heterogeneous ethical orientations. It consists of four sections. First, the Ethics Position Questionnaire is introduced as a means of classifying students based on their ethical orientation. Second, evaluation of what constitutes an ethical dilemma is explained.

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Sasazuki, Momoko, Yasunari Sakai, Ryutaro Kira, et al. "Decision-making dilemmas of paediatricians: a qualitative study in Japan." BMJ Open 9, no. 8 (2019): e026579. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2018-026579.

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ObjectiveTo delineate the critical decision-making processes that paediatricians apply when treating children with life-threatening conditions and the psychosocial experience of paediatricians involved in such care.DesignWe conducted semistructured, individual face-to-face interviews for each participant from 2014 to 2015. The content of each interview was subjected to a comprehensive qualitative analysis. The categories of dilemma were extracted from a second-round content analysis.ParticipantsParticipants were board-certified paediatricians with sufficient experience in making decisions in r

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Qin, Yifei. "Moral Dilemma: The Exam Dilemma." Journal of Education, Humanities and Social Sciences 24 (December 29, 2023): 62–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.54097/k7t8kf71.

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In daily life, it is widespread for people to encounter numerous moral dilemmas, which is, in fact, a decision-making process—in which people often make different choices for a variety of reasons, making it a "moral dilemma" that is hard to decide rather than a " fact" that everyone agrees on. Thus, a specific moral dilemma (the exam dilemma) is demonstrated: a girl named Lisa found that her best friend cheated in a critical exam while her sister took part in it. The question is whether or not to report the friend, as reporting the friend could cause everyone to retake the exam (which could be

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Suominen, Tarja, Päivi Åstedt-Kurki, and Daiva Lepaitė. "Ethical dilemmas concerning decision-making within health care leadership: a systematic literature review." Medicina 46, no. 9 (2010): 595. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/medicina46090084.

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The objective was to describe the research methods and research focuses on ethical dilemmas concerning decision-making within health care leadership. Material and methods. The search was conducted on Medline and PubMed databases (1998–2008). The systematic review included 21 selected articles. Results. The ethical dilemmas concerning decision-making within health care leadership are related to three levels: institutional (particular organization), political and local interface (local governmental structure), and national (professional expertise and system). The terms that are used as adequate

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Constantin, Adrian, Dragos Predescu, Ruxandra Ciofu, Florin Achim, and Silviu Constantinoiu. "Palliative ("Toilet") Mammectomy, A Decision-Making Dilemma - Short Review." Chirurgia 116, no. 2 (2021): 150. http://dx.doi.org/10.21614/chirurgia.116.2.150.

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Vest, Matthew, ElmahdiA Elkhammas, Britton Rink, and Ryan Nash. "Decision making status with older minors: An ethical dilemma." Ibnosina Journal of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences 7, no. 1 (2015): 27. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/1947-489x.210266.

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Pashiardis, Petros. "Problem and Dilemma Identification in the Decision-Making Process." International Journal of Educational Reform 4, no. 1 (1995): 36–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/105678799500400106.

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Fiedler, Klaus. "The ultimate sampling dilemma in experience-based decision making." Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 34, no. 1 (2008): 186–203. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0278-7393.34.1.186.

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Ronayne, Roberta, Annette O'Connor, and T. Keith Scobie. "Smoking: a decision-making dilemma for the vascular patient." Journal of Advanced Nursing 14, no. 8 (1989): 647–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2648.1989.tb01607.x.

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Canil, Christina M., and Ian F. Tannock. "Doctor's dilemma: Incorporating tumor markers into clinical decision-making." Seminars in Oncology 29, no. 3 (2002): 286–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1053/sonc.2002.32904.

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Srivastava, A., A. Kumar, and A. Agarwal. "Donors with renal cysts: a dilemma in decision making." Transplantation Proceedings 35, no. 1 (2003): 30–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0041-1345(02)03876-9.

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