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Journal articles on the topic 'The direction of the distribution and use'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 30 May 2022

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Leorato, S., and E. Orsingher. "Bose-Einstein-type statistics, order statistics and planar random motions with three directions." Advances in Applied Probability 36, no. 03 (2004): 937–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0001867800013197.

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In this paper we study different types of planar random motions (performed with constant velocity) with three directions, defined by the vectorsdj= (cos(2πj/3), sin(2πj/3)) forj= 0, 1, 2, changing at Poisson-paced times. We examine the cyclic motion (where the change of direction is deterministic), the completely uniform motion (where at each Poisson event each direction can be taken with probability) and the symmetrically deviating case (where the particle can choose all directions except that taken before the Poisson event). For each of the above random motions we derive the explicit distrib

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Leorato, S., and E. Orsingher. "Bose-Einstein-type statistics, order statistics and planar random motions with three directions." Advances in Applied Probability 36, no. 3 (2004): 937–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1239/aap/1093962242.

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In this paper we study different types of planar random motions (performed with constant velocity) with three directions, defined by the vectors dj = (cos(2πj/3), sin(2πj/3)) for j = 0, 1, 2, changing at Poisson-paced times. We examine the cyclic motion (where the change of direction is deterministic), the completely uniform motion (where at each Poisson event each direction can be taken with probability ) and the symmetrically deviating case (where the particle can choose all directions except that taken before the Poisson event). For each of the above random motions we derive the explicit di

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3

Li, Aimin, Tengfei Zhao, Zhiwen Lan, and Mojia Huang. "Effective Elasticity Tensor of Fiber-Reinforced Orthorhombic Composite Materials with Fiber Distribution Parallel to Plane." Crystals 12, no. 7 (2022): 1004. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cryst12071004.

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An orthogonal composite material Ω with fibers consists of a matrix and orthothombic distribution fibers. In addition to the matrix properties, the fiber properties and the fiber volume fraction, the effective (macroscopic) elastic stress–strain constitutive relation of Ω is related to the fiber direction distribution. Until now, there have been few papers that give an explicit formula of the macroscopic elastic stress–strain constitutive relation of Ω with the effect of the fiber direction distribution. Taking the expanded coefficients of the Fourier series as the fiber direction distribution

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Hadnagy, István. "Climatic conditions of wind energy use in the Polonyna Borzhava Mountains (Transcarpathia, Ukraine)." DRC Sustainable Future: Journal of Environment, Agriculture, and Energy 1, no. 2 (2020): 136–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.37281/drcsf/1.2.6.

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This paper deals with the statistical structure, seasonal peculiarities of wind climate at meteorological station Play (in Ukrainian: метеорологічна станція Плай, location: 48°40’1” N; 23°11’51” E, 1330 m above sea level) located in the Polonyna Borzhava Mountain of the North-Eastern Carpathians. Furthermore, it determines significant parameters of exploiting wind energy. Weibull distribution was applied to determine specific wind power and characterize its annual course. Wind speed was analyzed together with the available daily and yearly course of wind power. Wind power density determined by

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Frontini, Roberto. "Falsified Medicines Directive: Are We Heading in the Right Direction?" Medicine Access @ Point of Care 1 (January 2017): maapoc.0000011. http://dx.doi.org/10.5301/maapoc.0000011.

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Falsified medicines for human use are an increasing problem in Europe. The Falsified Medicines Directive (FMD) 2011/62/EU provides measures to prevent the entry of falsified medicines into the legal supply chain by requiring the placing of safety features consisting of a unique identifier (Ul) and an anti-tampering device (ATD). Some concerns have arisen from patients regarding the effectiveness of UI and ATD in terms of safety. In contrast, the relevance of the supply source as a key point for patients and pharmacists, especially in hospitals, has not been sufficiently considered by the FMD.

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Benson, Onoghojobi, Otaru Olawale Paul, David Ibitayo Lanlege, Job Eunice Ohunene, Eseyin Babatunde Olamide, and Owonipa Oluremi Rasheedat. "Bivariate Conditional Wigner Semicircle Distribution Modeling of Wind ‎Speed and Direction." International Journal of Advanced Statistics and Probability 12, no. 2 (2025): 9–19. https://doi.org/10.14419/eqwqbd48.

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Wind direction and speed are increasingly significant for societal and human advancement, as it ‎is essential to comprehending and forecasting various events. Therefore, a model that captures ‎the distinct features of wind direction and speed is developed. The conditional and marginal ‎Wigner semicircle distributions were combined to create a bivariate conditional Wigner semicircle ‎distribution. The joint characteristics and estimation of its parameters were determined. Real-world wind speed and direction data, where the conditional reliance and circularity of the ‎variables are suspected, we

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Wu, Honghong, Shiyong Huang, Xin Wang, Liping Yang, and Zhigang Yuan. "Distribution and Anisotropy of the Energy Transfer Rate in the Solar Wind Turbulence." Astrophysical Journal 977, no. 1 (2024): 94. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ad90b2.

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Abstract The distribution of the energy transfer rate is critical for the interpretation of the intermittent energy cascade in the solar wind turbulence. However, the true observational distribution of the energy transfer rate in the solar wind and its anisotropy remain unknown. Here, we use a 7 day interval measured by Wind in the fast solar wind and investigate the distribution and anisotropy of the energy transfer rate based on the log-Poisson model. We find that the probability density distribution consists of two parts. The majority part locates at smaller values and is consistent with th

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Labarthet, F. Lagugné, T. Buffeteau, and C. Sourisseau. "Orientation Distribution Functions in Uniaxial Systems Centered Perpendicularly to a Constraint Direction." Applied Spectroscopy 54, no. 5 (2000): 699–705. http://dx.doi.org/10.1366/0003702001949951.

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With the use of information entropy theory, the orientational distribution function of cylindrically symmetric probe molecules in uniaxial systems is reconsidered from the second-rank and fourth-rank Legendre polynomials (< P2n(cos θ)>) order parameter values. Emphasis is put on the domain of negative values (0.0; −0.5) for the < P2> order parameter. It is shown that, if the mean values of < P2> and < P4> are determined, some qualitative statements about the form of the distribution can be made with good accuracy. We have distinguished four distinct domains in the (<

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Williams, Lance R., and Karvel K. Thornber. "Orientation, Scale, and Discontinuity as Emergent Properties of Illusory Contour Shape." Neural Computation 13, no. 8 (2001): 1683–711. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/08997660152469305.

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A recent neural model of illusory contour formation is based on a distribution of natural shapes traced by particles moving with constant speed in directions given by Brownian motions. The input to that model consists of pairs of position and direction constraints, and the output consists of the distribution of contours joining all such pairs. In general, these contours will not be closed, and their distribution will not be scaleinvariant. In this article, we show how to compute a scale-invariant distribution of closed contours given position constraints alone and use this result to explain a

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Wen, Bingguang, Gongquan Tao, Xuguang Wen, Shenghua Wang, and Zefeng Wen. "Effect of Structural Flexibility of Wheelset/Track on Rail Wear." Lubricants 11, no. 5 (2023): 231. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/lubricants11050231.

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To investigate the influence of the structural deformation of the wheelset and track on rail wear in the longitudinal and lateral directions, a rail wear prediction model is established that can calculate the three-dimensional distribution of rail wear. The difference between the multi-rigid-body dynamic model and the rigid-flexible coupled dynamic model, which considers the structural flexibility of the wheelset and track, is compared in terms of the three-dimensional distribution of rail wear. The results show that the three-dimensional distributions of rail wear predicted by the two models

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Pouget, Solène, Marcus Bursik, Joaquín A. Cortés, and Chris Hayward. "Use of principal component analysis for identification of Rockland and Trego Hot Springs tephras in the Hat Creek Graben, northeastern California, USA." Quaternary Research 81, no. 1 (2014): 125–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.yqres.2013.10.012.

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AbstractDiscontinuous tephra layers were discovered at Burney Spring Mountain, northern California. Stratigraphic relationships suggest that they are two distinct tephras. Binary plots and standard similarity coefficients of electron probe microanalysis data have been supplemented with principal component analysis to correlate the two tephra layers to known regional tephras. Using principal component analysis, we are furthermore able to bound our uncertainty in the correlation of the two tephra layers. After removal of outliers, within the 95% prediction interval, we can say that one tephra la

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Ding, Zhi, Xiaohan Liao, Fenzhen Su, and Dongjie Fu. "Mining Coastal Land Use Sequential Pattern and Its Land Use Associations Based on Association Rule Mining." Remote Sensing 9, no. 2 (2017): 116. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs9020116.

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Abstract: Research on the land use of the coastal zone in the sea–land direction will not only reveal its land use distribution, but may also indicate the interactions between inland land use and the ocean through associations between inland land use and seaward land use indirectly. However, in the existing research, few have paid attention to the land use in sea–land direction, let alone the sequential relationship between land-use types. The sequential relationship would be useful in land use planning and rehabilitation of the landscape in the sea–land direction, and the association between

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Znamenskiy, Vladimir, Evgeniy Morozov, Dmitrii Pekin, and Dmitry Chunyuk. "The modeling of the «diaphragm wall» with the anchor without the use of distribution beams." E3S Web of Conferences 97 (2019): 04021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/20199704021.

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The article describes the features of modeling monolithic trench “diaphragm wall” with ground anchors without the use of distribution beams on the progressive collapse caused by the failure of one of the anchors. In the simulation of the above calculation case, in the flat formulation commonly used in practice, it is assumed that the “diaphragm wall” is a continuous structure in the longitudinal direction, without taking into account the presence of vertical joints formed between the grippers when concreting the fence and the lack of connection between the longitudinal reinforcement of adjacen

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OLIINYK, VIACHESLAV, and VOLODYMYR LUKIN. "USE OF SIMILARITY METRICS IN ROBUST TIME DELAY ESTIMATION." Herald of Khmelnytskyi National University. Technical sciences 319, no. 2 (2023): 224–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.31891/2307-5732-2023-319-1-224-230.

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This paper addresses the task of time delay and direction of arrival estimation for a source of the wideband signal using two sensors with fixed displacement. The peculiarity of the task statement is that a limited time of signal observation is supposed and additive noise is assumed non-Gaussian with a heavy-tail distribution. This leads to a high probability of abnormal estimates for the conventional signal processing method based on cross-correlation. To decrease this probability, it is proposed to reformulate the task of cross-correlation processing to the task of similarity estimation betw

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Cho, Chang-Ho, Jeong-Lae Kim, and GeonUk Kang. "Factors affecting distribution of dose in horizontal direction during irradiation." Edelweiss Applied Science and Technology 8, no. 5 (2024): 1647–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.55214/25768484.v8i5.1883.

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Recording and managing the dose of x-rays in an x-ray machine is an important part of the data. In addition, recording and managing radiation dose data in x-ray devices plays an important role in providing transparency of radiation dose to medical staff and patients by quantifying the radiation dose data. Four mobile diagnostic X-ray units were used to analyze the dose by spatial location. The dose distribution by location was analyzed by identifying and analyzing the dose by angle for both image intensifier and flat panel detector types. The three-dimensional space of the radiation area consi

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Axmedova, Shaxnoza. "FOREIGN EXPERIENCE ON AN EFFECTIVE TAX MECHANISM FOR THE DISTRIBUTION OF ADDED VALUE." MODERN SCIENCE AND RESEARCH 3, no. 4 (2024): 71–79. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11115207.

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<strong><em> </em></strong><em>The process of economic liberalization, the aggravation of fiscal policy problems and the increase in the tax potential of taxpayers, the use by the state of effective means of modernizing the tax system in many ways, the distribution of added value also directly depends on the organization of an effective tax mechanism. It is important to study the directions of organizing an effective tax mechanism for the distribution of added value as a separate direction of the reform of the tax system, which today causes a lot of discussion. Based on this, this article

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Saxena, V. P., and J. S. Bindra. "Pseudo-analytic finite partition approach to temperature distribution problem in Human limbs." International Journal of Mathematics and Mathematical Sciences 12, no. 2 (1989): 403–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/s0161171289000475.

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The main object of this paper is to Introduce the Pseudo Analytic Finite Partition method and to illustrate its use in solving physiological heat distribution problems pertaining to limbs and similar body organs. A two dimensional circular region resembling the cross section of a human or animal limb is considered. The biological properties are assumed to vary along the radial direction. The theoretical model incorporates the effect of blood mass flow and metabolic heat generation. The region is divided into annular sub-regions and Ritz variational finite element method is applied along the ra

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18

Holmes, J. D. "Wind climate of the Melbourne metropolitan area." Proceedings of the Royal Society of Victoria 133, no. 2 (2021): 82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/rs21011.

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This paper describes a probabilistic analysis of data recorded by the Bureau of Meteorology (BoM) for the wind climate of the Melbourne metropolitan area. It is based on 10-minute average wind data from four automatic weather stations (AWS) ‒ at Melbourne and Essendon airports, Fawkner Beacon in Port Phillip Bay, and Moorabbin Airport. Corrections to the data were made to adjust to standard terrain conditions and height. For the land stations, these were based on estimates of the surface roughness length at each site as a function of wind direction, making use of recorded gust factors. For the

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Kucharska, Barbara, and Michał Krzywiecki. "Stresses in a Cr-Ni Superficial Steel Layer Based on X-Ray Measurements and Electropolishing." Solid State Phenomena 223 (November 2014): 355–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.223.355.

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Research of residual stresses in steel at different depths from its surface is presented in this paper. The material used for research was AISI 310S heat resistant steel (containing approx. 0.2%C, 25%Cr and 20%Ni) in form of a rolled steel sheet with a thickness of 2mm. Stress measurements were conducted with the use of KαCo radiation by the sin2ψ method in three directions, including the direction of the sheet's rolling (φ = 0°). For the purpose of measuring stresses at different depths from the surface, the steel underwent the process of electropolishing in electrolyte based on perchloric ac

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Fletcher, W. J., and Neil R. Sumner. "Spatial distribution of sardine (Sardinops sagax) eggs and larvae: an application of geostatistics and resampling to survey data." Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 56, no. 6 (1999): 907–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/f99-012.

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The abundance of eggs and larvae of sardine (pilchard) (Sardinops sagax) off the south coast of Western Australia was investigated using geostatistical and bootstrap resampling techniques. A two-dimensional correlogram showed that the patch of newly spawned pilchard eggs had dimensions of 8 nautical miles (M) in diameter in the offshore direction and 10 M in the alongshore direction. For older stages, the size of the patch tended to increase and the level of cohesion decrease. It was more difficult to determine the size of the patch from directional variograms. The abundance of 1- and 2-day-ol

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Miller, Aroha A., and Robert Poulin. "Parasitism, movement, and distribution of the snail Diloma subrostrata (Trochidae) in a soft-sediment intertidal zone." Canadian Journal of Zoology 79, no. 11 (2001): 2029–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/z01-167.

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Despite reports of their effects on host reproduction, growth, survival, and habitat use, the role of parasites in determining community structure is still poorly understood. Trematode infections in snails are a ubiquitous feature of intertidal systems worldwide. In this study, the influence of a trematode parasite on the movement and dispersal of the trochid snail Diloma subrostrata on a soft-sediment shore is examined using markrecapture experiments. The natural densities and shell widths of the snail peak between the upper and lower portions of the intertidal zone; marked snails were relea

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An Nisa Octavia, Devina R. P. S. P, Robert Janssen Stevenly, and Ave Kurnia Sari. "The Use of 3D-CRT Technique in dose Distribution Analysis for Cervical Cancer Treatment Planning." Jurnal Inotera 10, no. 1 (2025): 24–32. https://doi.org/10.31572/inotera.vol10.iss1.2025.id353.

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Three Dimensional Conformal Radiotherapy (3D-CRT) is a technique used in designing a cancer treatment (treatment planning system) using radiation emitted through a gantry with direction, angle, number of fields, and radiation energy according to needs. Determination of direction, angle, number of fields, and radiation energy precisely aims to provide effectiveness in cancer treatment. The purpose of this study was to determine the efficient use of multiple gantry angles in cervical cancer using a LINAC machine with 3D-CRT technique. Data processing in this study was carried out using quantitat

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Mann, J. I., Y. Li, J. K. Nangoi, T. Arias, and J. B. Rosenzweig. "Material normal energy distribution for field emission analyses from monocrystalline surfaces." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2420, no. 1 (2023): 012033. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2420/1/012033.

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Abstract Electron field emission is a complicated phenomenon which is sensitive not only to the particular material under illumination but also to the specific crystalline orientation of the surface. Summarizing the ability for a crystal to emit in a particular direction would be of great use when searching for good field emitters. In this paper we propose a material normal energy distribution which describes the ability of the bound electrons to tunnel under an intense electric field. This framework breaks a computationally expensive 3-D system down to a source distribution representation app

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Filinkov, L. I., A. M. Likhter, A. V. Rybakov, and K. S. Varlamov. "Building a decision support system based on fuzzy logic to reduce the total harmful emissions from a fossil fuel boiler or power plant." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2091, no. 1 (2021): 012056. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2091/1/012056.

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Abstract This article discusses the software implementation using the theory of fuzzy sets. To build the model, we use data on wind direction, wind strength, the distance of residential buildings and the population of the expected area of pollution distribution. To do this, the most critical parameters must be ranked such as size of population. wind speed and wind direction. We will consider them as input data. We use Scilab as the processing environment.

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Lazhar, Bougouffa, and Chaghi Abdelaziz. "Application of PSO for optimal coordination of directional overcurrent relays in distribution system with distributed renewable energy sources." International Journal of Advances in Applied Sciences (IJAAS) 10, no. 2 (2021): 188–92. https://doi.org/10.11591/ijaas.v10.i2.pp188-192.

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The use of Distributed Renewable Energy Sources in the electrical network has expanded greatly. But, integration of these resources into distribution systems caused more problems in protection related issues such as miscoordination, and changes the direction and value of fault currents. When connecting new D-RES to electrical power distribution networks, it is required to re-coordinate Directional Over-Current Relays (DOC-Relays) to ensure the continuity of the power transmission when the short circuits take place. This work presented a Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) algorithm to determine

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Li, Chengming, Zixian Fan, Zheng Wu, Zhaoxin Dai, Li Liu, and Chengcheng Zhang. "Methodology of Sub-Catchment Division Considering Land Uses and Flow Directions." ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information 9, no. 11 (2020): 634. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijgi9110634.

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Catchment division constitutes the foundation for urban water flood forecasting but represents a technically challenging task. The accurate division of catchments is significant for precisely forecasting urban waterlogging. However, existing catchment division methods usually lead to produce results that do not accurately reflect the actual land-use distributions. In recent years, most research has been performed in smaller study areas (less than 10 km2), in residential areas, parks and campuses, and usually focused on a single landscape type. However, for large highly urbanized areas with com

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Devi Ramkilawon, Gopika, Johannes Ferreira, and Najmeh Nakhaeirad. "Sine-skewed von Mises- and Lindley/Gumbel models as candidates for direction and distance in modelling animal movement." Brazilian Journal of Biometrics 41, no. 2 (2023): 175–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.28951/bjb.v41i2.611.

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Movement of animals is often characterised by direction (measured on the circle) and distance (measured on the real line); but traditionally employed models often do not account for potential asymmetric directional movement, or departures from the usual von Mises assumption for direction and gamma/Weibull assumptions for distance. This paper focuses on the modelling of circular data in this animal movement context relying on a previously unconsidered circular distribution (the sine-skewed von Mises) which provides a platform for departures from symmetry. In addition, alternative models to usua

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Tillaboev, Muxiddin, Zumradxon Xatamova, Ilhomidin Rustamov, Shaxobidin Xolmatov, Xurshidbek Arabboyev, and Navro‘zbek Ibragimov. "Torqueless transmission." E3S Web of Conferences 587 (2024): 01004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202458701004.

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An experimental sample of a drill implementing a torqueless method of operation has been developed, manufactured and tested. As a birotative motor, a standard DC commutator motor DP12-24 is used, supply voltage 24 V DC, rated rotation speed 3500 rpm, maximum torque 3.2 kg cm. For hand tools that use low-power motors ( up to 1 kW). A birotative electric motor has the ability to rotate both the rotor and the stator in the direction opposite to the rotor. The rotor and stator are equipped with pulleys to transmit rotation to the working shaft, with the rotor transmitting rotation in the forward d

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De Keyser, Johan, Benoit Lavraud, Lubomir Přech, et al. "Beam tracking strategies for fast acquisition of solar wind velocity distribution functions with high energy and angular resolutions." Annales Geophysicae 36, no. 5 (2018): 1285–302. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/angeo-36-1285-2018.

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Abstract. Space plasma spectrometers have often relied on spacecraft spin to collect three-dimensional particle velocity distributions, which simplifies the instrument design and reduces its resource budgets but limits the velocity distribution acquisition rate. This limitation can in part be overcome by the use of electrostatic deflectors at the entrance of the analyser. By mounting such a spectrometer on a Sun-pointing spacecraft, solar wind ion distributions can be acquired at a much higher rate because the solar wind ion population, which is a cold beam that fills only part of the sky arou

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Mohammed, Ali, and Jasim Nassir. "Estimation and testing of an angular regression model with the Von-Mises distribution error for circular data." Al Kut Journal of Economics and Administrative Sciences 15, no. 47 (2023): 434–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.29124/kjeas.1547.20.

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The study of circular variables is one of the important processes in our present time because of the phenomena that are described in this way. Therefore, the study included the use of a simple angular regression model with an error that follows a circular distribution, which is the Von Mises distribution, and estimating the parameters in the greatest possible way, and testing the quality of reconciliation of the model in general by proposing a test that depends mainly on the Fisher distribution . This was applied to two circular variables, the wind direction in the city of Nasiriyah as a depen

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Turovsky, Ya A., and V. Yu Alekseev. "Comparison of Tracking Approaches Distribution of Attention to Operators with Use of Oculographic Interfaces." Programmnaya Ingeneria 14, no. 3 (2023): 137–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.17587/prin.14.137-145.

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The results of a study of two systems for monitoring the attention of the operator, based on a wearable oculointerface using infrared sensors to predict the deviation of the operators pupil, as well as using remote video oculography, which predicts the direction of the operators gaze from the image from a stationary monocular video camera, are presented. It is shown that in the course of the experiments, the wearable oculointerface had a lower average recognition error than the remote oculography interface, however, due to the design features, it is less convenient for the end user.

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Шаров, И. А., В. Ю. Сергеев, И. В. Мирошников, Б. В. Кутеев, N. Tamura та S. Sudo. "Измерение пространственных распределений температуры электронов в облаках полистироловых пеллетов, испаряющихся в плазме гелиотрона LHD". Письма в журнал технической физики 44, № 9 (2018): 41. http://dx.doi.org/10.21883/pjtf.2018.09.46064.17203.

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AbstractTwo methods for measuring the spatial distribution of the temperature of electrons in a cloud near a polystyrene pellet that ablates in LHD heliotron plasma are described. The first method is based on measuring the ratio of the local emission-coefficient values at wavelengths of 486 ± 5 nm (the H _β line) and 630 ± 5 nm (continuum). The second (new) method is based on the measurement of radiation distributions of the H _β line in the direction along the magnetic field. Both the methods use an assumption about the partial local thermodynamic equilibrium in the cloud and show close resul

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Karunarathne, Niroshan, Damian Marlon Cupid, Marcus Jahn, and Alexander Bergmann. "Localized Average Voltage Distribution on the Surface of NMC622 Electrode Measured Using Integrated Al-Voltage Probes during the Cell Cycling at Different C-Rates." ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2023-01, no. 2 (2023): 557. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/ma2023-012557mtgabs.

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Studying localized voltage distribution of electrode surfaces in Li-ion batteries (LIBs) during cell cycling at constant current enables better understanding of the cell degradation phenomenon and prediction of the state of the health. In many studies, individual electrode potentials are analyzed during cell cycling at different C-rates using a reference electrode integrated into the cell, studying the electrochemical reaction mechanism of single electrodes [1,2]. However, for long length electrodes in pouch cells, nonuniform voltage distributions are developed on the electrode surfaces due to

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M.Sundar, Rajan, Mesfin Abraham, and Sando Satenaw. "An Effective and Active Bandwidth Distribution in Networked Control Systems." International Journal of Engineering and Advanced Technology (IJEAT) 9, no. 4 (2020): 2150–55. https://doi.org/10.35940/ijeat.D8983.049420.

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Networked Control System (NCS) is a method composed of physically shared smart devices that can observe the surroundings, work on it, and converse with one another by means of a communication system to attain a widespread purpose. Characteristic examples that fall into this section are Wireless Sensors and Actuators Networks (WSANs) for ecological analyzing and checking, multi-vehicle systems for composed investigation, camera systems for observation, multicamera facilitated movement catch, shrewd lattices for vitality circulation and the executives, and so forth. NCSs changes from increasingl

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Metzger, D. E., and D. E. Larson. "Use of Melting Point Surface Coatings for Local Convection Heat Transfer Measurements in Rectangular Channel Flows With 90-deg Turns." Journal of Heat Transfer 108, no. 1 (1986): 48–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.3246903.

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Centrifugal forces tend to produce secondary flows around and within channel turns that can have significant effects on the convection heat transfer distribution over the channel walls. Local Nusselt number distributions are presented for 90-deg turns of radius ratios 2 and 3 in a 3:1 aspect ratio rectangular cross section duct oriented with the principal walls in the direction of centrifugal force. A method employing the melting phase change of a surface coating was used to determine the local heat transfer rates, and a data analysis procedure needed for quantitative application of the method

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Bougouffa, Lazhar, and Abdelaziz Chaghi. "Application of PSO for optimal coordination of directional over-current relays in distribution system with distributed renewable energy sources." International Journal of Advances in Applied Sciences 10, no. 2 (2021): 188. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijaas.v10.i2.pp188-192.

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<p>The use of Distributed Renewable Energy Sources in the electrical network has expanded greatly. But, integration of these resources into distribution systems caused more problems in protection related issues such as mis-coordination, and changes the direction and value of fault currents. When connecting new D-RES to electrical power distribution networks, it is required to re-coordinate Directional Over-CurrentRelays (DOC-Relays) to ensure the continuity of the power transmission when the short circuits take place. This work presented a Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) algorithm to d

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Goncharenko, Igor A., Marian Marciniak, Alexei I. Konojko, and Vitaly N. Reabtsev. "Optimizing the Structure of Vector Bend and Strain Sensor on the Base of Three-Core Microstructured Fiber." Journal of Telecommunications and Information Technology, no. 4 (December 30, 2012): 63–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.26636/jtit.2012.4.1293.

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In the paper the optical sensor allowing measuring a direction, values and localization of bends and stresses in building structures is described. The sensitive element of the sensor is the microstructured fiber with three cores. The use of three-core fiber makes it possible to define the direction of deformation. Distribution of mode fields in fiber cores depending on fiber structure and bend value and direction is analyzed. The optimization of the sensitive element parameters depending on the application is proposed.

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On Tam, Weng, and Harold Von Quintus. "Use of Long-Term Pavement Performance Data to Develop Traffic Defaults in Support of Mechanistic-Empirical Pavement Design Procedures." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1855, no. 1 (2003): 176–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/1855-22.

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Traffic data are a key element for the design and analysis of pavement structures. Automatic vehicle-classification and weigh-in-motion (WIM) data are collected by most state highway agencies for various purposes that include pavement design. Equivalent single-axle loads have had widespread use for pavement design. However, procedures being developed under NCHRP require the use of axle-load spectra. The Long-Term Pavement Performance database contains a wealth of traffic data and was selected to develop traffic defaults in support of NCHRP 1-37A as well as other mechanistic-empirical design pr

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Boqué Ciurana, Anna, and Enric Aguilar. "Expected Distribution of Surfing Days in the Iberian Peninsula." Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 8, no. 8 (2020): 599. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jmse8080599.

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This study presents, for the first time, a comprehensive characterization of the surf spots around the Iberian Peninsula and provides surfers and stakeholders an evaluation of the expected surfing days per year on each region and spot. The provision of this climate information can help to decision-making and limit the economic and social damages caused by climate-related disasters. This product aligns with the concept of climate services, increasingly requested to help economic activities to achieve optimal performances. We employ use in our study of two sources of data: meteorological buoys (

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Ding, Zhi, Fenzhen Su, Junjue Zhang, Yu Zhang, Shuchang Luo, and Xuguang Tang. "Clustering Coastal Land Use Sequence Patterns along the Sea–Land Direction: A Case Study in the Coastal Zone of Bohai Bay and the Yellow River Delta, China." Remote Sensing 11, no. 17 (2019): 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs11172024.

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Specific knowledge about the characteristics of coastal land use along the sea–land direction helps to better understand the spatial heterogeneity of coastal land use, which could offer scientific support for rational land management and the sustainable development of the coastal zone. However, the traditional methods including buffering or the regional method are hard to extract detailed spatial structure and location correlations of coastal land use along the sea–land direction. Therefore, we developed a model, called sequence–based clustering of coastal land use pattern (SCCLUP), to mine th

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Kumar, Anil, Anupam Kumar, Mamta Sharma, Homraj Anand Rao Sahare, and Himanshu Jangid. "A Bibliometric Analysis of Bougainvillea Plant: Research Trends, Geographic Distribution and Future Direction." International Journal of Experimental Research and Review 42 (August 30, 2024): 18–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.52756/ijerr.2024.v42.002.

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The main aim of this paper is to conduct an exhaustive bibliometric analysis of Bougainvillea. A total of 624 publications on Bougainvillea were identified from Scopus data ranging from 1937 to 2024. The dataset downloaded from the Scopus database contains contributions from 2140 authors. Data visualization and analysis were carried out through different software: Microsoft Excel, Bibliometrics, BibExcel, VOSviewer, and Biblioshiny in R Studio. Analysis shows that the number of publications on Bougainvillea has increased tremendously in recent years, with 243 articles published between 2017 an

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VENEZIANO, DANIELE, and PIERLUIGI FURCOLO. "SCALING OF MULTIFRACTAL MEASURES UNDER AFFINE TRANSFORMATIONS." Fractals 10, no. 02 (2002): 147–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218348x02001051.

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Multifractal measures have the property of being statistically invariant under some group of space and field transformations. In general, the measures lack invariance for transformations outside this group, but we show that an important exception exists. We consider measures that are invariant under isotropic contraction and examine how their marginal distribution changes under affine space transformations. We find that, for regions that are highly elongated in one direction, the marginal distribution satisfies a multifractal scaling relation that depends on the direction of elongation. We use

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Abadi, P., S. Saito, and W. Srigutomo. "Low-latitude scintillation occurrences around the equatorial anomaly crest over Indonesia." Annales Geophysicae 32, no. 1 (2014): 7–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/angeo-32-7-2014.

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Abstract. We investigated low-latitude ionospheric scintillation in Indonesia using two GPS receivers installed at Bandung (107.6° E, 6.9° S; magnetic latitude 17.5° S) and Pontianak (109.3° E, 0.02° S; magnetic latitude 8.9° S). This study aimed to characterise climatological and directional ionospheric scintillation occurrences, which are useful not only for the physics of ionospheric irregularities but also for practical use in GNSS (global navigation satellite system)-based navigation. We used the deployed instrument's amplitude scintillation (S4 index) data from 2009, 2010, and 2011; the

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Lee, Jung-Hun, Woo-Hyun Kim, Hak-Ju Lee, Jun-Oh Kim, and Woo-Kyu Chae. "Protection Coordination Method Using Symmetrical Components in Loop Distribution System." Energies 14, no. 16 (2021): 4947. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14164947.

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Power utilities worldwide commonly use the radial distribution system because of its advantages of being simple in structure and having relatively inexpensive installation costs. It has a disadvantage in that its power supply reliability is low because the load side of the fault section will suffer from an outage in the event of a fault in the system. However, recently, with ICT (Information and Communication Technologies) development, system reliability is required to be high as the outage-susceptible loads increase. In addition, the increase in the connection of distributed resources such as

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Liu, Z. Q., and Mian Hao Zhang. "Based on Pro/E Construction Method of Spiral Bevel Gear Logarithm." Advanced Materials Research 215 (March 2011): 167–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.215.167.

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For a new type of bevel gear named as logarithmic spiral bevel gear, establish its tooth direction curves and the mathematical model of tooth surface equation. With CAD software platform which can intuitive understanding of complex curves and combined with conical logarithmic spiral parameter equation build the logarithmic spiral on cone surface. Then array logarithmic spiral to make them evenly distributed in the cone surface, without any interference and to meet the strength distribution on both ends of circular truncated cone equally. Use two logarithmic spirals from different starpoint as

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Li, Qiang, Zi Liang Wei, Hong Bo Yan, and Hai Yan Hu. "A New Method of Constructing Tooth Surface for Logarithmic Spiral Bevel Gear." Advanced Materials Research 129-131 (August 2010): 235–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.129-131.235.

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For a new type of bevel gear—logarithmic spiral bevel gear, establish its tooth direction curves and the mathematical model of tooth surface equation. With CAD software platform which can intuitive understanding of complex curves and combined with conical logarithmic spiral parameter equation build the logarithmic spiral on cone surface. Then array logarithmic spiral to make them evenly distributed in the cone surface, without any interference and to meet the strength distribution on both ends of circular truncated cone equally. Use two logarithmic spirals from different starpoint as tooth dir

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Dimitropoulou, Ermioni, François Hendrick, Gaia Pinardi, et al. "Validation of TROPOMI tropospheric NO<sub>2</sub> columns using dual-scan multi-axis differential optical absorption spectroscopy (MAX-DOAS) measurements in Uccle, Brussels." Atmospheric Measurement Techniques 13, no. 10 (2020): 5165–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/amt-13-5165-2020.

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Abstract. Ground-based multi-axis differential optical absorption spectroscopy (MAX-DOAS) measurements of aerosols and tropospheric nitrogen dioxide (NO2) were carried out in Uccle (50.8∘ N, 4.35∘ E), Brussels, during 1 year from March 2018 until March 2019. The instrument was operated in both the UV and visible wavelength ranges in a dual-scan configuration consisting of two sub-modes: (1) an elevation scan in a fixed viewing azimuthal direction (the so-called main azimuthal direction) pointing to the northeast and (2) an azimuthal scan in a fixed low elevation angle (2∘). By applying a verti

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Ergin, F. Gökhan. "Accuracy Improvement Quantification Using Phase-Separated PIV Measurements." Proceedings of the International Symposium on the Application of Laser and Imaging Techniques to Fluid Mechanics 21 (July 8, 2024): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.55037/lxlaser.21st.4.

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This paper aims to quantify the Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) measurement accuracy improvement along the phase boundaries of two-phase flows, due to the use of phase-separated PIV analysis, compared to conventional PIV analysis without separating the phases. To compute the true error produced by PIV analysis, a patchwork of synthetic image pair with a known displacement is used (ground truth). As real flows might have arbitrary flow direction and magnitude across the phase boundary, the patchwork of image-pair includes a variety of direction combinations, i.e. flows running into each other

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Fiscella, Michele, Felix Franke, Karl Farrow, et al. "Visual coding with a population of direction-selective neurons." Journal of Neurophysiology 114, no. 4 (2015): 2485–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.00919.2014.

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The brain decodes the visual scene from the action potentials of ∼20 retinal ganglion cell types. Among the retinal ganglion cells, direction-selective ganglion cells (DSGCs) encode motion direction. Several studies have focused on the encoding or decoding of motion direction by recording multiunit activity, mainly in the visual cortex. In this study, we simultaneously recorded from all four types of ON-OFF DSGCs of the rabbit retina using a microelectronics-based high-density microelectrode array (HDMEA) and decoded their concerted activity using probabilistic and linear decoders. Furthermore

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Liu, Chang, Lirui Xue, Ziyi Yan, and Liwen Cheng. "Simultaneous polarization and wavelength merging for efficient fiber coupling system using a designed one-mirror prism." Engineering Research Express 6, no. 2 (2024): 025333. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/2631-8695/ad443b.

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Abstract The difference in beam quality between the fast-axis and slow-axis directions of semiconductor lasers limits its wide application. Conventional development methods for solving this problem require a large number of optical components. A one-mirror prism shaping scheme based on wavelength combination and polarization combination techniques is proposed to simultaneously halve the optical width in the slow-axis direction and fill in the dark region in the fast-axis direction to improve and equalize the beam quality. Compared with the traditional beam shaping scheme, the design does not u

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