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Journal articles on the topic 'The exodus of Armenians from China'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 3 June 2025

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Logunova, Z. "Cranes of Armenia under the sky of China." Bulletin of Science and Practice, no. 5 (May 14, 2017): 280–87. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.579767.

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This article discusses the features of the stay of Russian refugees, including Armenians, in Northeast China, in the exclusion zone of KVZhD. The main feature of the vital activity of the Armenian community was that Armenians were integrated into socio–economic and demographic structure in China long before the October revolution of 1917 thanks to sociability, Armenians have always been in solidarity with other peoples, especially the peoples with whom they had lived under the same sky, gradually living through someone else's ethnicity. Chinese, Armenians were able to preserve their language,

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2

Tolstykh, Vladislav L. "Nagorny Karabakh — 2023: Problems of International Legal Qualification." Zakon 21, no. 3 (2024): 122–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.37239/0869-4400-2024-21-3-122-148.

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The Second Karabakh War of 2020, which ended with the defeat of the Nagorno-Karabakh Republic (NKR) and Armenia supporting it, reversed the balance of power but did not resolve the conflict. The absolute superiority of Azerbaijan — both military and political, the insufficient clarity of the Statement of 9 November, the remaining contradictions between the parties — all this created the preconditions for the Third War, which began on 19 September 2023 and lasted only one day. The eventual defeat of the NKR and the transfer of the entire region under Azerbaijani jurisdiction, however, does not

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3

Gzoyan, Edita, Svetah Chakhmakhchyan, and Edgar Meyroyan. "Ethnic Cleansing In Artsakh (Nagorno-Karabakh): Issues of Definition and Criminal Responsibility." International Journal of Armenian Genocide Studies 8, no. 2 (2023): 56–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.51442/ijags.0045.

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After ten months of blockade-resulted starvation and medical emergencies, on 19 September 2023, Nagorno-Karabakh, or Artsakh Republic, was brutally attacked by Azerbaijan, resulting in a forced capitulation of the de facto state. Considering the long-lasting history of violence, institutionalized anti-Armenian hatred, persecution, and annihilation of Armenians by the Republic of Azerbaijan, an exodus of Armenians began in the following days, resulting in forced displacement of nearly 120,000 Armenians from their indigenous lands. These atrocious events were soon labeled as ethnic cleansing by

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4

Heitman, Sidney. "Soviet Emigration Since 1985." Nationalities Papers 22, no. 1 (1994): 247–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/00905999408408320.

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Since the end of World War II more than one million citizens of the USSR have emigrated to the West in a unique and unprecedented movement today called the “Third Soviet Emigration.” In contrast to two earlier flights of refugees from the Revolution and from World War II, the Third Emigration is a voluntary, legally-sanctioned process involving mainly three nationalities—Jews, ethnic Germans, and Armenians. The origin of the exodus goes back to the early postwar years, but the vast majority of the emigrants have left since 1971, when the Soviet government relaxed its historic antipathy to free

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5

Cai, Fang. "The Great Exodus." China Agricultural Economic Review 10, no. 1 (2018): 3–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/caer-10-2017-0178.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to review the process of rural labor reallocation and unfolds its growth effect through sufficiently supplying human resources, preventing diminishing return to capital, and increasing labor productivity. Design/methodology/approach The author surveys literature and statistics related to the subject to comprehensively picture the 40-year course of the shift and reallocation of agricultural surplus labor. Findings In the past 40 years, reforms in relevant areas have eliminated institutional barriers deterring labor mobility and allowed agricultural laborers

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6

Belli, Meriam. "Zabel Yesayan, “Chronicle – The Role of the Armenian Woman during the War”." Journal of the Society for Armenian Studies 28, no. 2 (2021): 220–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/26670038-12342759.

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Abstract The following is a translation of a lecture delivered in French by Zabel Yesayan at the Engineers Hall on 17 January 1920. The talk was originally published, seemingly without much editing, in the French Revue des Études Arméniennes 2 (1922): 121–138. The lyricism of this nationalist panegyric and ode to the Armenian woman exposes the author’s raw emotions, as she describes the exodus of Armenians from their homeland during World War I, their struggle, their resilience, and the crimes committed against them. Zabel Yesayan’s speech is altogether révolté – in the sense of moral and poli

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Yeh, Hsin-Yi. "Book review: The Great Exodus from China: Trauma, Memory, and Identity in Modern Taiwan." Memory Studies 15, no. 6 (2022): 1557–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/17506980221133512.

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8

Hofmann, Tessa. "Wars and Genocide." History and Culture Journal of Armenian Studies 19, no. 1 (2023): 43–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.46991/hc.2023.19.1.043.

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The historical settlement area of the Armenians, the Armenian Highland, as well as the South Caucasus have been among the most disputed and contested areas in the world since ancient times. This has had far-reaching negative consequences for the people living in this region: Difficulties in establishing a central state or small statehood, strong dependence on competing regional hegemonic powers, foreign domination, insecurity for life and limb resulting in migration or mass exodus and even genocide. Genocide is one of those crimes caused by wars and civil wars, but also by periods of transform

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9

Bhattacharya, Bhaswati. "Making money at the blessed place of Manila: Armenians in the Madras–Manila trade in the eighteenth century." Journal of Global History 3, no. 1 (2008): 1–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1740022808002416.

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AbstractThe question of ‘nodes’ in the Armenian commercial network, it is argued here, cannot be separated from a larger process, which helped places such as Madras to rise as alternatives to New Julfa, from as early as the beginning of the eighteenth century. The network of Armenian commerce did not have a single strong centre with many peripheries, but a chain of multiple nodes functioning as crucial linking points. This paper focuses on one particular trade route, from Madras to Manila, in the eighteenth century. The Philippines attracted Spanish American silver, which was then pumped into

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10

Cheng (鄭藝超), Christopher. "Looking Beyond Ruins." Journal of Chinese Overseas 15, no. 2 (2019): 234–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/17932548-12341403.

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Abstract Many qiaoxiang in southern Fujian and Guangdong appear derelict, but documenting the material heritage and interviewing people about its social significance reveals another image. The homeland of Overseas Chinese was not only found to be significant for the diaspora but serves as an enduring reminder of a grassroots-based modernity in rural China. The qiaoxiang effectively became a transnational legacy of migration from southern China that has undergone the following stages of transformation: exodus-led emergence of a remittance landscape, sudden abandonment, and sometimes revival. To

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11

Huang, Haifeng. "From “the Moon Is Rounder Abroad” to “Bravo, My Country”: How China Misperceives the World." Studies in Comparative International Development 56, no. 1 (2021): 112–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12116-021-09322-z.

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AbstractFor a long time, since China’s opening to the outside world in the late 1970s, admiration for foreign socioeconomic prosperity and quality of life characterized much of the Chinese society, which contributed to dissatisfaction with the country’s development and government and a large-scale exodus of students and emigrants to foreign countries. More recently, however, overestimating China’s standing and popularity in the world has become a more conspicuous feature of Chinese public opinion and the social backdrop of the country’s overreach in global affairs in the last few years. This e

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12

Orlov, Evgeniy. "‘The Intention to Flee. Kalmyk Exodus to China Reviewed’: Revisiting N. Palmov’s Manuscript on the 1771 Kalmyk Exodus Housed by Kalmykia’s National Archive (Collection Р-145)". Бюллетень Калмыцкого научного центра Российской академии наук 1, № 21 (2022): 10–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.22162/2587-6503-2022-1-21-10-35.

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Introduction. The National Archive of Kalmykia houses personal papers of Professor Nikolai N. Palmov (Collection Р-145), a remarkable academic historian to have pioneered Kalmyk studies. The Kalmyk exodus of 1771 to China that turned a demographic collapse has attracted attention of both N. Palmov and other researchers. The reasons to have caused Khan Ubashi’s eastwards resettlement of two thirds of Kalmyks and the migration proper still remain most actively explored issues of Kalmyk studies. Goals. The article aims to examine one document from the Palmov Collection and evaluate its informatio

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Çamaş, Tuğrul. "THE AFGHAN EXODUS AND THE POSSIBLE NEW CONJONCTURE IN THE POST-USA REGION." Central Asia's Affairs 83, no. 3 (2021): 33–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.52536/2788-5909.2021-3.03.

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Human history is not alien to the phenomenon of mass migration. Humans has been withnessing migration many times for ages. After the U.S announced that it will withdraw its troops from Afghanistan on August 31, a mass exodus of people from Afghanistan to other parts of the world began. The expansionist foreign policy of the USA presented itself as a country which seeks to contribute to the development of Afghan society and its state, resorting to “democratization and the fight against global terrorism” rhetoric. The main reason behind the U.S’s entry into Afghanistan is to achieve its objectiv

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14

Jin, Rui. "Exploring the Population Exodus of Northeast China from the Perspective of Cultural Sociology——Cultural Blockage and the Outflow of College Students." Journal of Education, Humanities and Social Sciences 24 (December 31, 2023): 782–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.54097/rs8jt923.

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The spatial migration of the population is a social phenomenon since ancient times. With the relatively stable natural growth rate, migration and flow have become significant factors affecting the size and structure of the regional population. According to the seventh national census in 2021, more serious population loss can be seen in Northeast China, where the outflow of a large number of high-quality population will lead to insufficient driving force for regional economic development. It has also become one of the vital reasons for the economic plight in Northeast China. Based on the employ

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15

Harrison, Henrietta. "The Great Exodus from China: Trauma, Memory and Identity in Modern Taiwan by Dominic Meng-Hsuan Yang." Journal of Interdisciplinary History 52, no. 2 (2021): 306–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/jinh_r_01726.

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16

Zhou, Youdi. "Migration flows between Europe and China in the 21st century: main Aspects and Problems in the Materials of Russian and Chinese Historiography." Право и политика, no. 8 (August 2023): 137–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.7256/2454-0706.2023.8.43983.

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The study of the political identity of Chinese and European immigrants in the XXI century is relevant and significant. Firstly, migration flows affect the political and socio-economic landscape of States. Secondly, they exacerbate cultural identification problems in host communities. Thirdly, diasporas can be used as an instrument of political influence, both by the host State and the State of exodus. Fourthly, it is Chinese immigrants who raise the largest number of questions from the host European community, since they do not fully integrate, actively maintain ties with their homeland, and t

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17

Lee, Chen Chen. "Refugee Policy is a Realist’s Nightmare: The Case of Southeast Asia." MIGRATION LETTERS 3, no. 2 (2006): 137–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.33182/ml.v3i2.65.

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Although Southeast Asia has experienced one of history’s most complex and massive displacement of populations during the Indo-China crisis, it remains one of the least advanced regions in terms of refugee law and practice. This paper explains the region's compassion fatigue towards refugees. States’ responses to refugee protection are limited by a prevailing sense of sovereign rights and communalism in the region, and the primordial need to safeguard national interest and state security. Other factors include lessons from the Indo-Chinese exodus, the underdevelopment of some economies, and a g

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18

Jacobs, Justin M. "Exile Island: Xinjiang Refugees and the “One China” Policy in Nationalist Taiwan, 1949–1971." Journal of Cold War Studies 18, no. 1 (2016): 188–218. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/jcws_a_00624.

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The extraordinary lengths to which the Chinese Nationalist government on Taiwan went after 1949 to pursue a “One China” policy during the Cold War are well known. Recently declassified archives reveal, however, that Chiang Kai-shek's determination to maintain the geopolitical integrity of China went far beyond the suppression of a Taiwanese independence movement and lukewarm support for the 1959 Tibetan uprising. The exodus of several thousand Uighur and Kazakh refugees from Xinjiang, a mostly Muslim province only loosely integrated into the modern Chinese state, provided a rare opportunity fo

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19

Rachmad, Sri Hartini, Meilisa Hajriani, Muhammad Basorudin, et al. "Boosting Housing Markets: Amplifying Reserve Requirements for Greater Economic Growth, Insights from China and Indonesia." Jurnal Sains Matematika dan Statistika 10, no. 1 (2024): 95. http://dx.doi.org/10.24014/jsms.v10i1.25895.

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Enhancing the inclusivity, safety, resilience, and sustainability of urban areas, as outlined in Goal 11 of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) to be accomplished by 2030, entails ensuring universal access to adequate, secure, and affordable housing along with essential services, and the enhancement of informal settlements. Consequently, numerous megacities worldwide grapple with burgeoning populations, precipitating a surge in housing costs, particularly exacerbated by volatile financial environments. The post-2013 financial recuperation in the United States precipitated a capital exodus

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20

Han, Xiaorong. "SPOILED GUESTS OR DEDICATED PATRIOTS? THE CHINESE IN NORTH VIETNAM, 1954–1978." International Journal of Asian Studies 6, no. 1 (2009): 1–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1479591409000011.

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This article examines the triangular relationship among the Chinese community of northern Vietnam, the North Vietnamese government, and China, focusing in particular on how the relationship affected the ethnic and national identities of Chinese residents in North Vietnam between 1954 and 1978. Scrutiny of the two important issues of citizenship and the Chinese school system reveals that North Vietnamese leaders adopted lenient policies toward Chinese residents mainly because they saw the relationship between the Vietnamese state and the Chinese community as part and parcel of North Vietnam's r

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21

Kamalov, A. K. "MIGRATION OF THE 1950-1970-s FROM CHINA TO KAZAKHSTAN: FACTORS AND MAIN STAGES." History of the Homeland 95, no. 3 (2021): 144–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.51943/1814-6961_2021_3_144.

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The article considers internal and external factors of interstate migration in the 1960s and 1970s from the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous region of China to Soviet Kazakhstan. Based on a comparative analysis of archival information and oral histories of migrants, it reveals the push and pull factors of interstate migration, which involved different ethnic groups of the population of the regions bordering Kazakhstan in the Chinese province. The migration was a result of the changed geopolitical situation formed with the end of the civil war in China and the unification of the country under the rul

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22

Hu, Xiaofeng. "Study on the Risk of Transmission of COVID-19 Based on Population Migration." Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing 2022 (June 30, 2022): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/1646626.

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Since the emergence of COVID-19, migration of people has transferred the virus to new locations, causing the epidemic to expand, and local governments have put in place control measures to prevent the virus from spreading further. As of January 24, 2020, we calculated the population immigration from Wuhan to the rest of mainland China using migration statistics from the Gaode Map. In addition, we utilized machine learning methods to simulate the curve of the COVID-19 epidemic in different regions and over different time periods. Furthermore, we used machine learning methods to simulate the COV

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23

Francis, Norbert. "Book Review: The Great Exodus from China: Trauma, Memory, and Identity in Modern Taiwan by Dominic Meng-Hsuan Yang." China Information 35, no. 3 (2021): 454–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0920203x211051055k.

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24

Adamyan, Anna. "From the Silk Road to the Belt and Road: The Growth of Armenian-Chinese Cultural and Educational Cooperation." Hong Kong Review of Belt and Road Studies, no. 3 (December 31, 2024): 40–49. https://doi.org/10.63596/oborjournal.3.2024.40-49.

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This article explores the evolving Armenian-Chinese relations within the context of historical and contemporary connections, with a particular focus on cultural and educational exchanges. Examining the impact of China’s Belt and Road Initiative, the article highlights how this project has strengthened economic ties and fostered cultural cooperation, resulting in the establishment of various organizations aimed at promoting bilateral relations. The paper also reviews the contributions of the Confucius Institute in Armenia, which has played a key role in promoting Chinese heritage to the Armenia

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Lei, Lihong. "Exodus and return: State-building, local responses, and identity negotiation in China's Burma borderlands, 1949–66." Journal of Southeast Asian Studies 55, no. 1 (2024): 28–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022463424000195.

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This article, grounded in archival research from Chinese border prefectures, delves into the complexities of migration dynamics, specifically the phenomena of exodus from and return to China following the Communist takeover in 1949. It reveals how various reforms, enforced collectivisation and religious restrictions disrupted local lives, causing social panic and identity crises, which led to the disintegration of everyday life among borderland communities. Local residents’ responses predominantly involved crossing the border to seek refuge in Burma. The article critically scrutinises local au

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O’Connell, James F., Jim Allen, Martin A. J. Williams, et al. "When didHomo sapiensfirst reach Southeast Asia and Sahul?" Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 115, no. 34 (2018): 8482–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1808385115.

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Anatomically modern humans (Homo sapiens, AMH) began spreading across Eurasia from Africa and adjacent Southwest Asia about 50,000–55,000 years ago (ca. 50–55 ka). Some have argued that human genetic, fossil, and archaeological data indicate one or more prior dispersals, possibly as early as 120 ka. A recently reported age estimate of 65 ka for Madjedbebe, an archaeological site in northern Sahul (Pleistocene Australia–New Guinea), if correct, offers what might be the strongest support yet presented for a pre–55-ka African AMH exodus. We review evidence for AMH arrival on an arc spanning South

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Kueh, Y. Y., and Raymond C. W. Ng. "The Interplay of the “China Factor” and US Dollar Peg in the Hong Kong Economy." China Quarterly 170 (June 2002): 387–412. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0009443902000244.

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This article examines the significance of the “China factor” in maintaining economics stability and growth in Hong Kong, relative to the role played by the “US dollar peg” exchange rate regime that has been in place since 1983. It shows how, by virtue of the peg, Hong Hong was made subservient to US monetary policy, and how unsynchronized business cycle with the US resulted in spiralling wage and land costs to trigger a mass exodus of Hong Kong's manufacturers across the border to China. The article analyses in detail to what extent the economic base of Hong Kong's export industries has been e

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28

Pastukhov, A. M., and A. M. Labartkava. "International relations of Qing China after conquest of Xinjiang – problem of identifying of Yaliwan-guo from «Huang Qing zhigong tu»." Universum Humanitarium, no. 1 (January 3, 2025): 29–55. https://doi.org/10.25205/2499-9997-2024-1-29-55.

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The article deals with the possible identification and localization of the “Yaliwan state” mentioned in the text of Qing historical source “Huang Qing zhigong tu” dated by the second half of the 18th century among the tributary states of Qing empire. The hypothesis of the identification of the Yaliwan state with the Erevan Khanate, which existed on the territory of Transcaucasia in the middle of the 18th – early 19th centuries is put forward and founded at the first time in Russian historiography. The reconstruction of the appearance of the inhabitants of this khanate of Armenian nationality w

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Sokolov, DV. "Intellectual migration in China, India and Russia: some international comparisons." Science. Innovation. Education 11, no. 3 (2016): 45–63. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3782531.

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The article deals with the problem of intellectual migration (exodus of the highly-skilled personnel, especially in the ield of science and technology), in relation to the three emerging economies: China, India and Russia. A brief historical outline of policy in relation to the “brain drain” is presented, and the experience of the three above-mentioned countries in the ield of intellectual migration management is compared. The basic timeframe of the study is from 1990s to the mid-late 2000s, with some remarks about past decades and future prospects. Among t

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Wang, Qiao, Yihua Tan, Yufan Pan, Lixin Sun, and Yunxia Gan. "Analysis and Mechanism Research on The Effect of Foreign Capital Withdrawal on Chinese Enterprise Environment." Frontiers in Business, Economics and Management 8, no. 1 (2023): 192–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.54097/fbem.v8i1.6209.

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In recent years, problems such as the "exodus of foreign investment" and the decoupling of China and the United States have been widely reported. What impact will the "withdrawal of foreign investment" have on the environmental performance of Chinese companies? On the basis of analyzing the environmental performance of enterprises with foreign investment, it is of great practical significance to study this problem for the green development of Chinese economy and high quality investment. This paper expounds the influence of foreign investment withdrawal on pollution emission of Chinese enterpri

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31

Ani Margaryan. "The General Image of the Armenian Merchant Projected Through the Sino-Armenian Socio-cultural Relations and the Case Study of the Revival of Merchant Traditional Costume." Journal of Information Systems Engineering and Management 10, no. 29s (2025): 48–57. https://doi.org/10.52783/jisem.v10i29s.4446.

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Armenian communities have had a notable historical presence in various regions of China since the 16th century, with particularly thriving settlements in Canton, Macao, Shanghai, and Hong Kong. During the 17th and 18th centuries, Armenians in China occupied influential positions, receiving endorsement from Chinese authorities. Their impact on Chinese society and East-West commerce is evidenced through their active promotion and patronage of Chinese-manufactured visual art objects. Notably, Jesuit preachers seeking unrestricted access to the country adopted Armenian attire as a strategic approa

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Liu, Jiaqi, and Yukun Cao. "Does Out-Migration Really Affect Forestry Ecological Security? An Empirical Case Study Based on Heilongjiang Province, China." Forests 15, no. 8 (2024): 1400. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f15081400.

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In the new era, coordinating the relationship between population flow and forestry ecological security has become an important challenge. In this study, we take Heilongjiang Province in China as an example, and through the combination of macro data and micro in-depth interviews, we explore whether population mobility really affects the intrinsic mechanism of forestry ecological security from the perspective of population exodus from forest areas. Based on the DPSIR model, we constructed a forestry ecological security evaluation index system, used the TOPSIS multi-objective decision analysis me

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Dawley, Evan N. "The Great Exodus from China: Trauma, Memory, and Identity in Modern Taiwan. By Dominic Meng-Hsuan Yang. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2021. xvi, 311 pp. ISBN: 9781108478120 (cloth)." Journal of Asian Studies 80, no. 2 (2021): 475–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021911821000267.

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Kamala, K. "Policy and Programme Effect of COVID-19 on Economy in India." Asian Journal of Social Science Studies 5, no. 4 (2021): 17. http://dx.doi.org/10.20849/ajsss.v5i4.847.

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The outbreak of COVID-19 brought social and economic life to a standstill. In this study the focus is on assessing the impact on affected sectors, such as aviation, tourism, retail, capital markets, MSMEs, and oil. International and internal mobility is restricted, and the revenues generated by travel and tourism, which contributes 9.2% of the GDP, will take a major toll on the GDP growth rate. Aviation revenues will come down by USD 1.56 billion. Oil has plummeted to 18-year low of $ 22 per barrel in March, and Foreign Portfolio Investors (FPIs) have withdrawn huge amounts from India, about U

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Chaudhary, Monika, P. R. Sodani, and Shankar Das. "Effect of COVID-19 on Economy in India: Some Reflections for Policy and Programme." Journal of Health Management 22, no. 2 (2020): 169–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0972063420935541.

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The outbreak of COVID-19 brought social and economic life to a standstill. In this study the focus is on assessing the impact on affected sectors, such as aviation, tourism, retail, capital markets, MSMEs, and oil. International and internal mobility is restricted, and the revenues generated by travel and tourism, which contributes 9.2% of the GDP, will take a major toll on the GDP growth rate. Aviation revenues will come down by USD 1.56 billion. Oil has plummeted to 18-year low of $ 22 per barrel in March, and Foreign Portfolio Investors (FPIs) have withdrawn huge amounts from India, about U

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Kamala, K. "Policy and Programme Effect of COVID-19 on Economy in India." Asian Journal of Social Science Studies 5, no. 4 (2021): 17. http://dx.doi.org/10.20849/ajsss.v5i4.847.

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The outbreak of COVID-19 brought social and economic life to a standstill. In this study the focus is on assessing the impact on affected sectors, such as aviation, tourism, retail, capital markets, MSMEs, and oil. International and internal mobility is restricted, and the revenues generated by travel and tourism, which contributes 9.2% of the GDP, will take a major toll on the GDP growth rate. Aviation revenues will come down by USD 1.56 billion. Oil has plummeted to 18-year low of $ 22 per barrel in March, and Foreign Portfolio Investors (FPIs) have withdrawn huge amounts from India, about U

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Buganova, Alima, Diptiman Banerji, and Svetlana Buganova. "SME Internationalization as a Puzzle of Cultural and Bilateral Distances: Using the Eisenhardt Approach." South Asian Journal of Business and Management Cases 12, no. 2 (2023): 166–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/22779779231189013.

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Small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) have recently been discovered to function as catalysts for globalization. However, despite the increasing interest in the internationalization of SMEs, doing business in another country offers its own unique set of challenges that must be overcome if an SME’s international venture is to be successful. For sectors where operational efficiency is necessary and there are added pressures due to cultural differences in consumer behaviour (e.g., fast-food chains), managing the operations process is essential for ensuring success and growth. Furthermore, the

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Sorichetta, Alessandro, Son V. Nghiem, Marco Masetti, Catherine Linard, and Andreas Richter. "Transformative Urban Changes of Beijing in the Decade of the 2000s." Remote Sensing 12, no. 4 (2020): 652. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs12040652.

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The rapid economic growth, the exodus from rural to urban areas, and the associated extreme urban development that occurred in China in the decade of the 2000s have severely impacted the environment in Beijing, its vicinity, and beyond. This article presents an innovative approach for assessing mega-urban changes and their impact on the environment based on the use of decadal QuikSCAT (QSCAT) satellite data, acquired globally by the SeaWinds scatterometer over that period. The Dense Sampling Method (DSM) is applied to QSCAT data to obtain reliable annual infrastructure-based urban observations

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Dragoi, Andreea-Emanuela. "Key drivers of the Russian economy’s resilience despite post-Ukraine war sanctions." Economy and Sociology, no. 2 (May 2025): 58–70. https://doi.org/10.36004/nier.es.2024.2-06.

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Amid the current economic environment dominated by the widespread consequences of the Russian-Ukrainian war, the economy of the Russian Federation has shown surprising resilience despite the unprecedented international sanctions. These sanctions, imposed by the European Union, USA, and other Western economies, target numerous sectors, from energy to transport and banking. Nonetheless, Russian authorities have managed to revitalize the economy, overcoming a brief recession in 2022 and achieving recovery in 2023, with optimistic forecasts for 2024. Our research hypothesizes that the primary driv

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Wang, Yajing, Linlin Yang, Xinping Zhang, and Zebin Shao. "Students’ Career Intention to Teach in Rural Areas by Region and Household Registration: A Study of Students at an Eastern Chinese Local Normal University." Sustainability 15, no. 15 (2023): 11755. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su151511755.

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The exodus of potential teachers from rural schools has resulted in a current imbalance in the source of teachers for primary education in China, exacerbating the inequality in the allocation of teacher resources between urban and rural areas and limiting the sustainable development of education. To address this issue, the Chinese government has recently implemented a localized rural teacher training policy to provide sufficient quality teachers for rural schools in remote areas. However, the effectiveness of this policy still needs improvement, as some students in teacher education lack enthu

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Yishan, Feng. "Historical, Cultural and Ethno-psychological Connotations of the Image of the Homeland in Chinese Literature." Humanitarian Vector 16, no. 1 (2021): 56–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.21209/1996-7853-2021-16-1-56-64.

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The relevance of the research is due to the interest of modern literary criticism in the study of conceptual images of national literatures formed by the basic universals of ethnic consciousness. The novelty lies in the appeal to the image of homeland in Chinese literature through the prism of the historical-etymological and historical-literary reconstruction of the concept that reflects the ethno-psychological foundations of Chinese consciousness. The problem of the study is comparing a number of lexemes, concepts, artistic images that have formed over the centuries the modern idea of the hom

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Fan, Joshua. "The Great Exodus from China: Trauma, Memory, and Identity in Modern Taiwan DOMINIC MENG-HSUAN YANG Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2020 xviii + 311 pp. £75.00; $99.99 ISBN 978-1-1084-7812-0." China Quarterly 245 (March 2021): 306–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s030574102100014x.

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Ruslan I., Seferbekov. "Dagestan Russians in the era of socio-cultural transformations (late XX – early XXI century): con-sequences and ways to overcome negative trends." Kavkazologiya 2023, no. 3 (2023): 372–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.31143/2542-212x-2023-3-372-385.

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The article examines the demographic situation and social well-being of Russians in Dagestan and the North Caucasus during the era of sociocultural changes and transformations in the second half of the 1980s using literary sources and population census materials, as well as chronological, dia-chronic, structural-system, and actualization methods. XX – the start of the twenty-first century. This includes "perestroika," the collapse of the Soviet Union and the establishment of the Russian Federation with the establishment of a new paradigm of state and social structure, globalization, modernizat

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Li, Zhentao, Hongping Yan, and Xiuxin Liu. "Evaluation of China’s Rural Industrial Integration Development Level, Regional Differences, and Development Direction." Sustainability 15, no. 3 (2023): 2479. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su15032479.

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The report of the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China first proposed the strategy of rural revitalization. This proposal constitutes a major strategic deployment for work related to “agriculture, the countryside and farmers” based on China’s national and agricultural conditions and scientific analysis of the new problems faced by agricultural and rural reform in the new era. China’s agricultural development is facing multiple challenges, such as market competition, resource scarcity, environmental constraints, labor exodus, and technological innovation. Additionally, China’s

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Ivanov, S. M. "Role and importance of Egypt in regional geopolitics." Diplomaticheskaja sluzhba (Diplomatic Service), no. 3 (May 28, 2024): 206–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.33920/vne-01-2403-03.

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The article analyzes the role and significance of the Arab Republic of Egypt in regional geopolitics at the present stage. The author pays special attention to the specific role of its armed forces, which not only perform tasks to protect the state from external threats and combat terrorism,but also take an active part in the internal political and economic life of the country. The peaceful nature of Egypt's foreign policy is emphasized, Cairo's desire to take part in the work of the UN, Arab League, AU, OIC, BRICS, EU, other international and regional organizations, and to maintain mutually b

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Priyomarsono, Naniek Widayati, and Rudy Surya. "Perkembangan Tata Ruang Kota Juwana dan Peningkatan Ketahanan Budaya Lokal Menghadapi Globalisasi." RUANG-SPACE, Jurnal Lingkungan Binaan (Space : Journal of the Built Environment) 7, no. 1 (2020): 43. http://dx.doi.org/10.24843/jrs.2020.v07.i01.p05.

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Juwana is a sub-district in the coastal area in the north of Java Island. It is a low land which traversed by Silugonggo, the biggest river in Pati Regency. Initially, the settlement and trading area were around the harbor and it was linear-shaped. Those events were the exodus of Chinese merchants who occupied the inland next to the focal point and the construction of Daendels’ post road from Anyer to Panarukan. The research method is qualitative with a grounded theory research strategy. The data was gained from observations and interviews with people who have roles in the community. The socio

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Dr.A.Shaji, George, and Dr.T.Baskar. "Brain Drain in India: Causes, Consequences, and Potential Solutions." Partners Universal Multidisciplinary Research Journal (PUMRJ) 01, no. 04 (2024): 17–36. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14171090.

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Brain drain, the exodus of proficient and talented persons from their nation of origin to another one, has been a significant worry for India in recent decades. This problem has resulted in a deficiency of highly educated professionals in essential industries such as healthcare, engineering, and technology—sectors vital for a developing nation like India. About 20 to 40 million Indians live and work outside of India. Every year, between 60,000 and 75,000 doctors and engineers leave the country in search of better pay, better job opportunities, and better study facilities. India's brain d

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Serfőző, Szabolcs. "Az Erdélyi Udvari Kancellária bécsi palotájának magyar történeti tárgyú pannói, August Rumel művei 1756‒1758-ból." Művészettörténeti Értesítő 70, no. 2 (2022): 235–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1556/080.2021.00013.

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The topic of the paper is a cycle of six large panneaux on Hungarian historical themes panted for the Vienna palace of the Transylvanian Court Chancellery. The series on Hun–Hungarian history from leaving behind the original habitat to the battle of Mohács is the earliest relic of Hungarian history painting, yet earlier researches only tangentially touched on it despite its salient importance.When the Principality of Transylvania became part of the Central European Habsburg Monarchy as a independent land in 1690, Leopold I founded the Transylvanian Court Chancellery in 1693 as the highest gove

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ХИШИГДУЛАМ, Н., та А. А. ИЗГАРСКАЯ. "ДВУЯЗЫЧНОЕ ОБРАЗОВАНИЕ ЭТНИЧЕСКИХ МЕНЬШИНСТВ В МОНГОЛИИ". Философия образования 25, № 2 (2025): 93–114. https://doi.org/10.15372/phe20250207.

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Введение. Современная система языкового образования Монголии нацелена на обучение подрастающих поколений монгольскому - государственному, родному и английскому языкам. На сегодняшний день необходимо задать вопрос о состоянии двуязычного образования этнических меньшинств, указать на причины существующих проблем. Методология. Проблемы двуязычного образования следует рассматривать через их взаимосвязь с динамикой монгольского общества в процессах его интеграции в советскую систему в XX в. и в международную систему разделения труда на постсоветском этапе. Теоретическим основанием послужили миросис

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Du, James Xianxing. "Bilingual Biblical Etymology - Origin of Language." International Journal of Linguistics 12, no. 5 (2020): 30. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/ijl.v12i5.17716.

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Multilingual mutual match in biblical etymology is a secret of civilization and definitive evidence for creation, presented for the first time in history. 恐terror is error to carry ark by two poles工to battlefield, 謬mistake is to take ark marked by cherubim to shed blood , 奉 dedication has two dactyl hands to offer cattle as tithe, 祝blessing is sibling兄, 嬰Infant is financial貝to fiancé and fiancée, 音Sound has Son童, sonic is in prison , 辨to distinguish digital hands is related to Jonah’s debate辯, 諒to forgive is related to whale鲸and capital京, and黥criminal label has capital after殳killing Abel from穀

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