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Journal articles on the topic 'The functional paradigm'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 2 June 2025

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Gorognaya, Lidia. "On Functional Programming." Computer tools in education, no. 3 (August 20, 2021): 57–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.32603/2071-2340-2021-3-57-75.

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The article is devoted to the description of the features of functional programming, considered as a methodology for solving new and research problems of applied and system programming. The technique of analysis and comparison of programming paradigms is involved, taking into account the priorities of decision-making in the process of developing programs. The methodology for comparing languages and programming paradigms is based on an informal definition of the term “programming paradigm”, according to which, when comparing paradigms, it is necessary to highlight the distinctive testable featu

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Horwitz, Barry. "Regions, networks: Interpreting functional neuroimaging data." Behavioral and Brain Sciences 18, no. 2 (1995): 360. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0140525x0003884x.

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AbstractThe subtraction and covariance paradigms are two analytic techniques used with functional neuroimaging data. The first assumes that a brain region participating in a task should show altered neural activity (relative to a control task). The second assumes that tasks are mediated by networks of interacting regions.Images of mind attempts to link results from the subtraction paradigm with a network interpretation that could have been more explicitly done using the covariance paradigm.

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Bossard, Antoine. "The SOF Programming Paradigm." International Journal of Software Innovation 10, no. 1 (2022): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijsi.309965.

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Out of the four main programming paradigms, it is widely considered that functional programming is the most promising. The programming languages that implement the functional paradigm generally do so either in a pure manner, such as Haskell, or by providing a multi-paradigm programming solution, such as most Lisp dialects, in order to allow side effects, which are proscribed under the former (pure) model. Nevertheless, tracking the execution steps of such a functional program remains challenging for the programmer. In this paper, the author addresses this issue by proposing a novel programming

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Rankovic, Ivan, Vladimir Milivojevic, Jelena Martinov Nestorov, et al. "Paradigm of Functional Hepatology Disorders." Journal of Translational Gastroenterology 000, no. 000 (2024): 000. http://dx.doi.org/10.14218/jtg.2024.00013.

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Park, Seung-Jung, Jung-Min Ahn, and Soo-Jin Kang. "Paradigm Shift to Functional Angioplasty." Circulation 124, no. 8 (2011): 951–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1161/circulationaha.110.012344.

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KOVAL, ANDRIY, OKSANA YASHYNA, GALINA RADELCHUK, and YURII FORKUN. "COMPARISON OF OBJECT-ORIENTED AND FUNCTIONAL PROGRAMMING PARADIGMS IN SOFTWARE DESIGN." HERALD OF KHMELNYTSKYI NATIONAL UNIVERSITY 297, no. 3 (2021): 34–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.31891/2307-5732-2021-297-3-34-38.

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This article describes two types of paradigms – object-oriented and functional paradigms. Paradigm stands for a style and an approach to perform any kind of coding activities. Relevance of usage for each of them as well as their differences and benefits were analyzed. Regardless of ever-changing tendencies in popularity of both paradigms it is impossible to acknowledge any of them to deprecate another one. Although object-oriented programming as well as functional programming are essential in their approaches they have the same goal – to make comprehensive programs without possible mistakes. O

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Puchko, I. V., A. M. Prymushko, and H. O. Kravtsov. "Development of Methodical Recommendations Usage of Functional Paradigm Programming in Scala." Èlektronnoe modelirovanie 43, no. 6 (2021): 95–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/emodel.43.06.095.

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Different approaches to defining data structures and creating programs in different ones are considered programming paradigms. The dependence of the imperative programming paradigm on low-level algorithms and operations. Ideas for the main variables of data structures are given and operations on their mutation. Approaches to the organization of algorithms in the programming language are described in Scala using these data structures. It is shown that in the declarative paradigm programming focus shifts from algorithms to mathematical expressions, and demonstrates how to use high – level operat

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Sternberg, M. "Narrativity: From Objectivist to Functional Paradigm." Poetics Today 31, no. 3 (2010): 507–659. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/03335372-2010-004.

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Talley, N. J. "Subdividing functional dyspepsia: a paradigm shift?" Gut 57, no. 11 (2008): 1487–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/gut.2008.155788.

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Gupta, Aparna, William A. Wallace, and Norman K. Sondheimer. "Functional guarantees: a new service paradigm." International Journal of Product Development 5, no. 1/2 (2008): 153. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijpd.2008.016375.

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11

MacLean, R. "A functional paradigm for software development." ACM SIGSOFT Software Engineering Notes 14, no. 4 (1989): 113–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/75111.75129.

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Romaniuk, V. "THE FUNCTIONAL PARADIGM OF SOMATIC VOCABULARY." International Humanitarian University Herald. Philology 1, no. 43 (2019): 88–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.32841/2409-1154.2019.43.1.21.

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Talley, Nicholas J. "'Functional' gastrointestinal disorders—a paradigm shift." Nature Reviews Gastroenterology & Hepatology 11, no. 11 (2014): 649–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nrgastro.2014.163.

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Kuz, Tetiana, Liudmyla Maliuta, and Olha Hahaliuk. "Functional mechanisms of united territorial communities as paradigms of communities." Socio-Economic Problems and the State 25, no. 2 (2021): 594–601. http://dx.doi.org/10.33108/sepd2022.02.594.

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In this article, the authors propose an idea based on the interpretation of the functional mechanisms of united territorial communities considering Kuhn's interpretation of the scientific communities’ paradigms in the way that community paradigms should be interpreted as general theoretical assumptions and laws and means of their implementation which the scientific community members use. This forms and develops paradigms with its activities. That is, each community has its own paradigms, which include the established system and customs, as well as recorded standards, condemnations, dogmas, his

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McGony, Patrick D. "Paradigm Failure in Functional Psychosis: Review and Implications." Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry 25, no. 1 (1991): 43–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/00048679109077718.

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Increasing sophistication in the neurosciences has re-stimulated expectations that the underlying biological mechanisms involved in the psychoses might finally be clarified. These expectations however coexist with a sense of mounting frustration over the continuing failure of such progress to occur. One important factor in this failure is an enduring reliance upon obsolete nosological concepts and tools. The persistence of concepts such as schizophrenia and manic-depressive illness, which are substantially based upon unsustainable assumptions concerning the relationship between pathophysiology

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Yokum, Sonja, Cara Bohon, Elliot Berkman, and Eric Stice. "Test-retest reliability of functional MRI food receipt, anticipated receipt, and picture tasks." American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 114, no. 2 (2021): 764–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ajcn/nqab096.

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ABSTRACT Background Functional MRI (fMRI) tasks are increasingly being used to advance knowledge of the etiology and maintenance of obesity and eating disorders. Thus, understanding the test-retest reliability of BOLD signal contrasts from these tasks is important. Objectives To evaluate test-retest reliability of responses in reward-related brain regions to food receipt paradigms (palatable tastes, anticipated palatable tastes), food picture paradigms (high-calorie food pictures), a monetary reward paradigm (winning money and anticipating winning money), and a thin female model picture paradi

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Devi, Intan Sari. "Studi Perbandingan Paradigma Fungsionalisme Structural VS Strukturalisme Levi-Strauss." Asketik 2, no. 1 (2018): 89–101. https://doi.org/10.30762/asketik.v2i1.1088.

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This study aims to compare two paradigms functional paradigm (structural) vs. structuralism Levi-Strauss. To answer questions about both these paradigms will use a comparative study between functionalism paradigm theory or functionalism (structural) and developed structuralism Levi-Strauss as well as how both of these paradigms look at a structure in understanding the symptoms of socio-cultural community. The discussion of this study describes each paradigm by the basic assumptions, models, and concepts and how each of these paradigms analyzes the social phenomena of culture in society using a

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Pradita, Intan. "Functionalism Paradigm in Second Language Writing." SALEE: Study of Applied Linguistics and English Education 5, no. 1 (2024): 366–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.35961/salee.v5i1.1107.

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This paper uses a corpus-based analysis systematic literature review to track the influence of functionalism paradigm in second language writing (SLW) over the last five years. The data were analyzed by using keywords and collocation analysis to map the closest association of functional paradigm to second language writing. It was then reviewed manually and thematized based on the research questions as the framework. Based on a corpus of 46 Scopus indexed journals ranges from 2017-2022 this study reveals that the influence of functionalism paradigm does not directly affect to SLW. Functional pa

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Al, Dangin, Dian Natalia Sutanto, Lucia Tri Natalia Sudarmo, and Novita Dewi. "A Communicative - Functional Philosophy of Translation." Indonesian Journal of English Language Studies (IJELS) 2, no. 1 (2017): 17. http://dx.doi.org/10.24071/ijels.v2i1.347.

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The Philosophy of translation is excluded from the framework of translation studies. Nevertheless, it is actually essential for developing the theory and practice of translation aswell as solving both internal and external challenges toward the theory and practice oftranslation. Hence, this article proposes the inclusion of philosophy in the framework andoffers a communicative-functional paradigm as the philosophy of translating from Indonesianinto English and vice versa. This paradigm construes translation as interculturalcommunicative act directed by the target-side purpose. It is rooted ont

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Wilson, Stephen M., Dana K. Eriksson, Melodie Yen, Andrew T. Demarco, Sarah M. Schneck, and Jillian M. Lucanie. "Language Mapping in Aphasia." Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research 62, no. 11 (2019): 3937–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/2019_jslhr-l-rsnp-19-0031.

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Purpose Recovery from aphasia is thought to depend on neural plasticity, that is, functional reorganization of surviving brain regions such that they take on new or expanded roles in language processing. To make progress in characterizing the nature of this process, we need feasible, reliable, and valid methods for identifying language regions of the brain in individuals with aphasia. This article reviews 3 recent studies from our lab in which we have developed and validated several novel functional magnetic resonance imaging paradigms for language mapping in aphasia. Method In the 1st study,

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21

М.В., Оробинская. "АНТРОПОНИМЫ И ПРЕЦЕДЕНТНЫЕ ИМЕНА В ТВОРЧЕСТВЕ ЕГОРА ЛЕТОВА". Русская филология: Вестник Харьковского национального педагогического университета имени Г.С. Сковороды 3, № 65 (2018): 23–26. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1493613.

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<em>The article discusses the functioning of anthroponyms and allusive names in Yegor Letov’s creative activity within the framework of functional linguistics. </em> <em>A recipient's consciousness connects the text and the reality during the process of text perception, i.e the verbal images system (reflections of the word forms in the person’s consciousness) and "objective" images system (images of reality phenomena and situations) are connected. Language laws regulate the system of verbal images. This system has a syntagmatic character that reflects the linear princ

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SYZONOV, DMYTRO. "FUNCTIONAL AND STYLISTIC PARADIGM OF MEDIA PHRASEOLOGY." Actual issues of Ukrainian linguistics: theory and practice 35 (2017): 56–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/apultp.2017.35.56-69.

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The article gives a detailed analysis of stylistic parameters and criteria of media phraseology with regard to their functional potential in different types of communication. The author considers media phraseologism as a special verbal marker of modern society and defines the criteria of scientific analysis of phraseologism in mass media. In scientific analysis the author focuses his attention on the types of media phraseology and provides mechanisms for the functioning of traditional (usual), stylistically transformed and idiomatically new phraseologism in mass communication. On the basis of

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23

Mayer, Emeran A. "Breaking down the functional and organic paradigm." Current Opinion in Gastroenterology 12, no. 1 (1996): 3–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00001574-199601000-00002.

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Mayer, Emeran A. "Breaking down the functional and organic paradigm." Current Opinion in Gastroenterology 12, no. 1 (1996): 3–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00001574-199612010-00002.

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25

Raichle, M. E. "A Paradigm Shift in Functional Brain Imaging." Journal of Neuroscience 29, no. 41 (2009): 12729–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1523/jneurosci.4366-09.2009.

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26

Gleicher, Norbert, David Barad, and Andrea Weghofer. "Functional autoantibodies, a new paradigm in autoimmunity?" Autoimmunity Reviews 7, no. 1 (2007): 42–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.autrev.2007.06.001.

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27

Halder, Smita L. S., and Nicholas J. Talley. "Functional dyspepsia: A new Rome III paradigm." Current Treatment Options in Cardiovascular Medicine 10, no. 4 (2007): 259–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11936-007-0029-y.

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Halder, Smita L. S., and Nicholas J. Talley. "Functional dyspepsia: A new Rome III paradigm." Current Treatment Options in Gastroenterology 10, no. 4 (2007): 259–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11938-007-0069-0.

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Samuel, Selvakumar, and Arangasamy Kovalan. "A Critical Evaluation on Programming Paradigms to Achieve Optimal Resource Utilization of Mobile Softwares in Mobile Devices." International Journal of Innovation in the Digital Economy 5, no. 1 (2014): 50–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijide.2014010105.

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This paper evaluates the features of mainstream programming paradigms. Imperative, object oriented programming and functional programming concepts are considered here. This is an effort to identify the programming paradigms which consume less resource from mobile devices. Designers usually depend on the programming languages, language oriented programming design is in current practice. Choosing appropriate programming paradigms during the mobile application design is not in practice now; Failure to use the best approaches for mobile computing from programming paradigms will cause mobile applic

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Del Valle, Sagrario, Manuel Antonio Rubio-Palomino, and Jose María Nevado-Luna. "Teorías constructivistas, perspectiva funcional-estructural en el aprendizaje del fútbol base (Constructivist theories, functional-structural perspective in learning in initiation to football)." Retos, no. 38 (February 10, 2020): 824–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.47197/retos.v38i38.73823.

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Se presenta una revisión teórica de los estudios que se han realizado en fútbol desde el paradigma cognitivo. El artículo pretende argumentar la necesidad de distinguir bajo el paradigma cognitivo, dos líneas de trabajo diferentes ya que se pretende desarrollar la toma de conciencia en las acciones de juego. No es lo mismo enfocar un entrenamiento bajo las teorías del procesamiento de la información (perspectiva estructural-funcional), que bajo las teorías constructivistas (perspectiva funcional-estructural), centrando el interés en el conocimiento previo del jugador, el desarrollo evolutivo,

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Soujanya, Reddy Annapareddy. "Leveraging Functional and Object-Oriented Programming in Test Automation." International Journal on Science and Technology 11, no. 2 (2020): 1–7. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14551752.

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Test automation has become a cornerstone of modern software development, enabling efficient and reliable validation of complex systems. The choice of programming paradigms can significantly impact the design, scalability, and maintainability of test automation frameworks. This paper explores the integration of functional and object-oriented programming (OOP) paradigms in test automation. By combining the strengths of OOP, such as modularity and encapsulation, with the declarative and composable features of functional programming, we propose a hybrid approach that enhances code readability, reu

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Martirosyan, Danik, and Alondra Alvarado. "Functional Foods Regulation System: Proposed Regulatory Paradigm by Functional Food Center." Functional Food Science 3, no. 11 (2023): 275. http://dx.doi.org/10.31989/ffs.v3i11.1265.

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In response to the rising demand for functional foods driven by health-conscious consumers, a robust regulatory framework is imperative. The absence of specific guidelines creates uncertainties for both manufacturers and consumers. In response to the rising demand for functional foods driven by health-conscious consumers, a robust regulatory framework is imperative. The absence of specific guidelines creates uncertainties for both manufacturers and consumers. This article discusses the Functional Food Center's pioneering 17-step approval processfor functional foods, emphasizing scientific vali

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ITOH, KIYOSHI, YASUHISA TAMURA, and SHINICHI HONIDEN. "TRANSOBJ: SOFTWARE PROTOTYPING ENVIRONMENT FOR REAL-TIME TRANSACTION-BASED SOFTWARE SYSTEM APPLICATIONS." International Journal of Software Engineering and Knowledge Engineering 02, no. 01 (1992): 5–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218194092000026.

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A software prototyping environment called TransObj (TRANSaction and OBJect) is used for designing real-time Transaction-based Concurrent Software Systems (TCSS). In a TCSS design process, a software designer should perform both functional design and performance design. The designer should change his design view from a transaction-based paradigm to an object-based paradigm during the TCSS design process. Recognition of re-entrant functional objects and serially reusable functional objects in the TCSS should be required. TransObj includes the Stepwise Prototyping Method (SPM), and two SPM-based

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Brass, Marcel, and D. Yves von Cramon. "Decomposing Components of Task Preparation with Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging." Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience 16, no. 4 (2004): 609–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/089892904323057335.

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It is widely acknowledged that the prefrontal cortex plays a major role in cognitive control processes. One important experimental paradigm for investigating such higher order cognitive control is the task-switching paradigm. This paradigm investigates the ability to switch flexibly between different task situations. In this context, it has been found that participants are able to anticipatorily prepare an upcoming task. This ability has been assumed to reflect endogenous cognitive control. However, it is difficult to isolate task preparation process from task execution using functional magnet

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MOMTSELIDZE, Nodar. "Functional Programming in Scala and Further." Journal of Technical Science and Technologies 4, no. 2 (2016): 27–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.31578/jtst.v4i2.79.

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Scala is one of the modern multi-paradigm programming language. It involves object oriented and functional programming paradigm possibilities. Scala has an interpreter part and an effective compiler which reduces it to JVM bytecode. Presented article brings the ideology of functional programming in Scala and some parts of its development. Scala has uniform and powerful abstraction concepts for different types and values; to be clear we compare some programs in Scala and Java.

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Hayes, Amy E., Matthew C. Davidson, Steven W. Keele, and Robert D. Rafal. "Toward a Functional Analysis of the Basal Ganglia." Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience 10, no. 2 (1998): 178–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/089892998562645.

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Parkinson patients were tested in two paradigms to test the hypothesis that the basal ganglia are involved in the shifting of attentional set. Set shifting means a respecification of the conditions that regulate responding, a process sometimes referred to as an executive process. In one paradigm, upon the appearance of each stimulus, subjects were instructed to respond either to its color or to its shape. In a second paradigm, subjects learned to produce short sequences of three keypresses in response to two arbitrary stimuli. Reaction times were compared for the cases where set either remaine

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Ivanova, O., and Valentin Gorozhankin. "PARADIGM AND GRAPHICAL TOOLS OF THE FUNCTIONAL APPROACH." Technical Aesthetics and Design Research 1, no. 2 (2020): 16–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.34031/2687-0878-2019-1-2-16-25.

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The article examines industrial methods – harmonization of products and typing of objects of design production. Industrialization of design passed the stages of specialization of institutes and implementation of standard projects. The concept of "architectural type", which became the basis of the regulatory framework, was associated with the principles of engineering design with a functional approach. The concept of" function " is interpreted by the authors as a spatial relationship between the procedures of material processing and the places of its effective transformations or services. In ar

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Ozmeral, Erol J., and Nathan Higgins. "A novel paradigm to define functional spatial boundaries." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 151, no. 4 (2022): A162—A161. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/10.0010980.

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One approach to studying an individual’s binaural function is to measure speech reception ability for spatially separated compared to co-located competing speech streams. This spatial-release-from-masking (SRM) task has been widely adopted due to its capacity to detect abnormal binaural function, but it has its limitations in interpreting individual spatial abilities. Here, we introduce a modified SRM task that directly measures the needed spatial separation between target and maskers to achieve a specific SRM. Stimuli were presented from 24 speakers in the free field using an equal power pann

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Sanders, Ruth. "Functional discomfort and a shift in midwifery paradigm." Women and Birth 28, no. 3 (2015): e87-e91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.wombi.2015.03.001.

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Sasai, Shuntaro, Melanie Boly, Armand Mensen, and Giulio Tononi. "Functional split brain in a driving/listening paradigm." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 113, no. 50 (2016): 14444–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1613200113.

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We often engage in two concurrent but unrelated activities, such as driving on a quiet road while listening to the radio. When we do so, does our brain split into functionally distinct entities? To address this question, we imaged brain activity with fMRI in experienced drivers engaged in a driving simulator while listening either to global positioning system instructions (integrated task) or to a radio show (split task). We found that, compared with the integrated task, the split task was characterized by reduced multivariate functional connectivity between the driving and listening networks.

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Greenfield, Mary Lou, and Mary C. Proctor. "A26 A functional paradigm for clinical trial design." Controlled Clinical Trials 14, no. 5 (1993): 409. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0197-2456(93)90092-r.

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Buldú, Javier M., David Papo, Jose A. Pineda, P. Ariza, Francisco del Pozo, and Stefano Boccaletti. "Functional Brain Networks: beyond the small-world paradigm*." IFAC Proceedings Volumes 45, no. 12 (2012): 57–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.3182/20120620-3-mx-3012.00031.

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Bobrovnyk, Svitlana. "FUNCTIONAL PURPOSE OF GENERAL THEORETICAL SCIENCE: PARADIGM CHANGES." Bulletin of Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv. Legal Studies, no. 123 (2022): 7–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/1728-2195/2022/4.123-1.

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The aim of the publication is to clarify the role and meaning of the functions of general theoretical science. In the process of achieving this aim, it has been applied a system of philosophical approaches to knowledge, principles, general scientific and special scientific research methods. It has been noted that changes in the functional purpose of the theory are due to changes in the perception of the subject field of the theory and the dependence of the cognitive process on the system of subjective and objective factors. It has been singled out such as the level of development of society; f

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Madalina, Cebuc, Liliia Rotaru, Marina Sangheli, and Oxana Grosu. "Functional movement disorders: a paradigm shift (literature review)." Bulletin of the Academy of Sciences of Moldova. Medical Sciences 80, no. 3 (2025): 46–53. https://doi.org/10.52692/1857-0011.2024.3-80.08.

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Functional neurological disorders (FND) represent a group of pathologies in which the functioning of the nervous system is impaired. Recent advancements in research have led to a better understanding of the involved pathophysiological processes and the development of new strategies for early diagnosis. In particular, functional movement disorders (FMD) have benefited from updates to diagnostic criteria and management strategies. Aim of the Study: The aim of this research was to conduct a detailed review of the literature in order to analyze the clinical and diagnostic approach to FMD. Material

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Bucea-Manea-Tonis, Radu, and Rocsana Tonis (Bucea-Manea). "Functional Programming Using the New C++ Standard." Journal of Economic Development, Environment and People 4, no. 4 (2015): 58. http://dx.doi.org/10.26458/jedep.v4i4.128.

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Today software technology evolves very quickly, to an old paradigm, called functional programming. This paradigm uses lambda functions ready to be used where declared instead of function pointers. The long term target is to let compilers evaluate rather than execute a program/function. The new C++14 standard allows lambda calculus as we demonstrate in the applicative section of implementing conditionals, booleans and numbers.

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Vinogradova, Ekaterina N., and Lyibov P. Klobukova. "The grammar of Russian preposition: theoretical aspects." Russian Language Studies 20, no. 1 (2022): 84–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.22363/2618-8163-2022-20-1-84-100.

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At present, linguists do not have sufficient tools to strictly determine whether specific prepositional units belong to prepositions as a part of speech, so it seems relevant to consider the functional-grammatical field of prepositions, which includes both prepositions themselves and units that can function as prepositions. The aim of this article is to identify, classify and describe systemic paradigmatic relations within the functional-grammatical field of prepositions. The study was conducted on the material of a registry of 3,000 prepositional units, which were collected through a continuo

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Vinogradova, Ekaterina N., and Lyibov P. Klobukova. "The grammar of Russian preposition: theoretical aspects." Russian Language Studies 20, no. 1 (2022): 84–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.22363/2618-8163-2022-20-1-84-100.

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At present, linguists do not have sufficient tools to strictly determine whether specific prepositional units belong to prepositions as a part of speech, so it seems relevant to consider the functional-grammatical field of prepositions, which includes both prepositions themselves and units that can function as prepositions. The aim of this article is to identify, classify and describe systemic paradigmatic relations within the functional-grammatical field of prepositions. The study was conducted on the material of a registry of 3,000 prepositional units, which were collected through a continuo

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Kelly, Luke, Lluís Brotons, Katherine Giljohann, Michael McCarthy, Juli Pausas, and Annabel Smith. "Bridging the Divide: Integrating Animal and Plant Paradigms to Secure the Future of Biodiversity in Fire-Prone Ecosystems." Fire 1, no. 2 (2018): 29. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/fire1020029.

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Conserving animals and plants in fire-prone landscapes requires evidence of how fires affect modified ecosystems. Despite progress on this front, fire ecology is restricted by a dissonance between two dominant paradigms: ‘fire mosaics’ and ‘functional types’. The fire mosaic paradigm focuses on animal responses to fire events and spatial variation, whereas the functional type paradigm focuses on plant responses to recurrent fires and temporal variation. Fire management for biodiversity conservation requires input from each paradigm because animals and plants are interdependent and influenced b

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Olga, Cosovan. "Developing an Optional Course: Paradigm and Strategies." Journal of Educational Theory and Practice DIDACTICA PRO... 19, no. 6 (118) (2019): 29–32. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3583288.

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The underlying concept of an optional course derives from the course leader’s scholarly interests, allowing him to take an original approach to course contents, particularly  in a course based on an interdisciplinary subject. However, an optional course ought not to be set to merely disseminate extended knowledge; from the first planning instant, it needs to be directed towards the development of the specific competences it is envisaging. An optional course for gymnasium is developed and implemented differently from a lyceum one. Our suggestions concern a design pattern for courses

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Gasser, Thomas, Erol Sandalcioglu, Beate Schoch, et al. "Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Anesthetized Patients: A Relevant Step toward Real-time Intraoperative Functional Neuroimaging." Operative Neurosurgery 57, suppl_1 (2005): 94–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1227/01.neu.0000163488.91335.c5.

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Abstract OBJECTIVE: The introduction of intraoperative 1.5-T magnetic resonance imaging may provide up-to-date functional information in the surgical environment. However, feasible passive paradigms that allow the examination of anesthetized patients will be a precondition for intraoperative functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). The aim of this study is to evaluate the feasibility of a recently developed passive fMRI paradigm for functional neuroimaging in anesthetized patients. METHODS: We investigated four anesthetized patients with intracranial pathological conditions not related to

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