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Journal articles on the topic 'The Gulf War'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 25 April 2022

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1

KOPAČ, MATEJA, JELENA JUVAN, and MAJA GARB. "SINDROM ZALIVSKE VOJNE." ZAUPANJE IN OBOROŽENE SILE/ TRUST AND ARMED FORCES, VOLUME 2013/ ISSUE 15/2 (June 30, 2013): 129–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.33179/bsv.99.svi.11.cmc.15.2.7.

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Zdravstvene težave, ki se pojavljajo pri veteranih različnih vojn, pogosto poljudno poimenujemo kar vojni sindromi. Najbolj znan je tako imenovani vietnamski sindrom, za katerega so predvsem značilni znaki posttravmatske stresne motnje. Vsaka vojna na udeležencih ne pusti povsem enakih prevladujočih posledic. Za veterane zalivske vojne leta 1990 in 1991 v Iraku in Kuvajtu so značilni različni znaki in simptomi, kot so utrujenost, vročina, mišični revmatizem, slabost, kratko- trajnost spomina, zmedenost, kožni izpuščaji, driska, kronični bronhitis, depresija in drugi. Množico različnih simptomov, ki so se začeli postopno pojavljati pri vojakih po koncu služenja v Perzijskem zalivu, imenujemo sindrom zalivske vojne. Med njegove možne vzroke prištevamo kemično orožje, ostanke streliva z osiromaše- nim uranom, stranske učinke cepljenja vojakov proti antraksu in nalezljive bolezni (paraziti). Health problems identified with the veterans of various wars are often referred to as war syndromes. Vietnam syndrome is probably the most famous one. It is mainly characterized by the signs of post-traumatic stress disorder. However, the prevailed consequences of wars are not always equal. Veterans of the 1990 and 1991 Gulf War in Iraq and Kuwait suffer from the signs and symptoms such as fatigue, fever, muscular rheumatism, nausea, weak memory, confusion, rashes, diarrhoea, chronic bronchitis, depression, and others. The set of symptoms which gradually emerged with the veterans after the Gulf War is called the Gulf War Syndrome. Possible causes for its emergence include chemical weapons, remains of depleted-uranium ammunition, side effects of anthrax vaccines and contagious diseases (parasites).

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2

Mehdi, Syed Sikander. "The gulf after the gulf war." Peace Review 3, no. 3 (September 1991): 28–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10402659108425605.

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3

DeLappe, Joseph. "Gulf War Memories." Leonardo 27, no. 1 (1994): 13. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1575937.

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4

Wenger, Martha, and Dick Anderson. "The Gulf War." MERIP Middle East Report, no. 148 (September 1987): 23. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3012441.

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5

EMBER, LOIS. "GULF WAR ILLS." Chemical & Engineering News Archive 82, no. 47 (November 22, 2004): 18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/cen-v082n047.p018.

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6

EMBER, LOIS. "GULF WAR SYNDROME." Chemical & Engineering News 75, no. 2 (January 13, 1997): 4–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/cen-v075n002.p004.

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7

Wessely, Simon, N. Greenberg, C. Woodhead, and NT Fear. "Gulf war illnesses." Lancet 373, no. 9662 (February 2009): 462. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(09)60170-7.

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8

Oumeish, Oumeish Youssef, Isam Oumeish, and Jennifer L. Parish. "Gulf war syndrome." Clinics in Dermatology 20, no. 4 (July 2002): 401–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0738-081x(02)00241-9.

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9

Smith, Brian N., Joyce M. Wang, Dawne Vogt, Kristin Vickers, Daniel W. King, and Lynda A. King. "Gulf War Illness." Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine 55, no. 1 (January 2013): 104–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/jom.0b013e318270d709.

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10

Morrison, Rodney J. "Gulf War Reparations." American Journal of Economics and Sociology 51, no. 4 (October 1992): 385. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1536-7150.1992.tb02722.x.

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11

Deahl, Martin. "Gulf War Illnesses." Psychiatry 5, no. 7 (July 2006): 257–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1053/j.mppsy.2006.04.008.

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12

Hess, Erin M. "Gulf War Nurses." Oral History Review 39, no. 2 (July 1, 2012): 346–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ohr/ohs070.

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13

Layzer, Robert. "GULF WAR SYNDROME." Neurology Today 9, no. 4 (February 2009): 3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.nt.0000346470.99358.8e.

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14

Brown, Terry Michael, Sam A. Fleishman, and Manuel F. Casanova. "Gulf War Syndrome." Journal of Chronic Fatigue Syndrome 2, no. 1 (January 1996): 41–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1300/j092v02n01_04.

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15

Nicolson, Garth L., Nancy L. Nicolson, Paul Berns, Marwan Y. Nasralla, Jorg Haier, and Meryl Nass. "Gulf War Illnesses." Journal of Chronic Fatigue Syndrome 11, no. 1 (January 2003): 135–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1300/j092v11n01_04.

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16

Nijs, Jo, and Garth L. Nicolson. "Gulf War Veterans." Journal of Chronic Fatigue Syndrome 12, no. 1 (January 2004): 79–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1300/j092v12n01_06.

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17

David, A., S. Ferry, and S. Wessely. "Gulf war illness." BMJ 314, no. 7076 (January 25, 1997): 239. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmj.314.7076.239.

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18

Beale, P., P. Heaf, and N. Jones. "Gulf war illness." BMJ 314, no. 7086 (April 5, 1997): 1041. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmj.314.7086.1041.

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19

McLellan, D. L. "Gulf war casualties." BMJ 302, no. 6771 (February 2, 1991): 294. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmj.302.6771.294-c.

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20

Midgley, A. "Gulf war casualties." BMJ 302, no. 6771 (February 2, 1991): 294. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmj.302.6771.294-d.

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21

Mercer, N. S. G. "Gulf war casualties." BMJ 302, no. 6773 (February 16, 1991): 415. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmj.302.6773.415-a.

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22

McLaren, C. A. B. "Gulf war casualties." BMJ 302, no. 6773 (February 16, 1991): 415. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmj.302.6773.415-b.

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23

Bamji, A. "Gulf war casualties." BMJ 302, no. 6774 (February 23, 1991): 474. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmj.302.6774.474-a.

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24

Minton, Kirsty. "Gulf-war vaccination." Nature Reviews Immunology 4, no. 2 (February 2004): 82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nri1305.

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25

Murphy, F. M. "Gulf war syndrome." BMJ 318, no. 7179 (January 30, 1999): 274–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmj.318.7179.274.

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26

Taylor, Mary Virginia, Priscilla L. Stephenson, and Mary Virginia Taylor. "Gulf War Syndrome." Journal of Consumer Health On the Internet 11, no. 1 (January 16, 2007): 49–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1300/j381v11n01_04.

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27

Deahl, Martin. "Gulf War illness." British Journal of Hospital Medicine 66, no. 11 (November 2005): 608–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.12968/hmed.2005.66.11.20019.

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28

Kilshaw, Susie. "Gulf War syndrome." Psychiatry 3, no. 8 (August 2004): 17–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1383/psyt.3.8.17.43398.

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29

Kaimal, Girija, and Rebekka Dieterich-Hartwell. "Grappling with Gulf War Illness: Perspectives of Gulf War Providers." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 22 (November 19, 2020): 8574. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17228574.

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Background: Although the Gulf War occurred almost 30 years ago, the chronic symptoms of Gulf War illness (GWI), which include respiratory, gastrointestinal, and skin problems, as well as fatigue, pain, and mood alterations, currently affect over 200,000 veterans. Meanwhile, healthcare providers lack clear guidelines about how to best treat this illness. The objective in this study was to learn about the perceptions and experiences of healthcare providers of GWI veterans in terms of medical symptoms, resources for treatment, and quality of care. Methods: We interviewed 10 healthcare providers across the United States and subsequently conducted a qualitative grounded theory study which entailed both systematic data analysis and generating a grounded theory framework. Results: Our findings indicated multiple challenges for providers of veterans with GWI, including gaps in knowledge about GWI, lack of treatment options, absence of consistent communication within the Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) system, and personalized care that was limited to validation. Conclusion: While this study had several limitations, it supported the notion that healthcare providers have inadequate knowledge and awareness about GWI, which leads to continued uncertainty about how to best care for GWI veterans. This could be remedied by the creation of a comprehensive curriculum for a Massive Open Online Course (MOOC) to serve as an educational tool for those attending to this largely overlooked veteran population.

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30

McMahan, Jeff, and Robert McKim. "The Just War and The Gulf War." Canadian Journal of Philosophy 23, no. 4 (December 1993): 501–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00455091.1993.10717333.

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Discussions of the morality of the Gulf War have tended to embrace the traditional theory of the just war uncritically and to apply its tenets in a mechanical and unimaginative fashion. We believe, by contrast, that careful reflection of the Gulf War reveals that certain principles of the traditional theory are oversimplifications that require considerable refinement. Our aims, therefore, are both practical and theoretical. We hope to contribute to a better understanding of the ethics both of war in general and of the Gulf War in particular.

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31

Ovendale, Ritchie. "Just war and the Gulf War." International Affairs 68, no. 4 (October 1992): 771. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2622806.

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32

Jacobsen, Carl Gustav. "The Gulf: Washington's War, Moscow's War." Bulletin of Peace Proposals 22, no. 3 (July 1991): 249–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/096701069102200302.

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33

Kibaroglu, Mustafa. "NATO Before and After the Second Gulf War." Connections: The Quarterly Journal 04, no. 2 (2005): 43–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.11610/connections.04.2.07.

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34

Ansa, Benjamin E., Kimberly Sullivan, Maxine H. Krengel, Vahé Heboyan, Candy Wilson, Stacey Iobst, and Steven S. Coughlin. "The Gulf War Women’s Health Cohort: Study Design and Protocol." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 7 (April 2, 2020): 2423. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17072423.

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Military service and deployment affect women differently than men, underscoring the need for studies of the health of women veterans and their receipt of health care services. Despite the large numbers of women who served during the 1990–1991 Gulf War, few studies have evaluated Gulf War illness (GWI) and other medical conditions specifically as they affect women veterans of the 1991 Gulf War. The objectives of the Gulf War Women’s Health Cohort study are: (1) to establish the Gulf War women’s cohort (GWWC), a large sample of women veterans who served in the 1990–1991 Gulf War and a comparison group of women who served in other locations during that period; and (2) to provide current, comprehensive data on the health status of women who served during the 1990–1991 Gulf War, and identify any specific conditions that affect Gulf War women veterans at excess rates. The study will utilize both existing datasets and newly collected data to examine the prevalence and patterns of Gulf War Illness symptoms, diagnosed medical conditions, reproductive health, birth outcomes and other health issues among women who served during the Gulf War. The Gulf War Women’s Health Cohort study will address the need for information about the comprehensive health of women veterans who were deployed to the Gulf War, and other wars during the Gulf War era.

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35

Nkiliza, Aurore, Utsav Joshi, James E. Evans, Ghania Ait-Ghezala, Megan Parks, Fiona Crawford, Michael Mullan, and Laila Abdullah. "Adaptive Immune Responses Associated with the Central Nervous System Pathology of Gulf War Illness." Neuroscience Insights 16 (January 2021): 263310552110184. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/26331055211018458.

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Gulf War Illness is a multisymptomatic condition which affects 30% of veterans from the 1991 Gulf War. While there is evidence for a role of peripheral cellular and humoral adaptive immune responses in Gulf War Illness, a potential role of the adaptive immune system in the central nervous system pathology of this condition remains unknown. Furthermore, many of the clinical features of Gulf War Illness resembles those of autoimmune diseases, but the biological processes are likely different as the etiology of Gulf War Illness is linked to hazardous chemical exposures specific to the Gulf War theatre. This review discusses Gulf War chemical–induced maladaptive immune responses and a potential role of cellular and humoral immune responses that may be relevant to the central nervous system symptoms and pathology of Gulf War Illness. The discussion may stimulate investigations into adaptive immunity for developing novel therapies for Gulf War Illness.

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36

Bahry, Louay Y. "Assessing the Gulf War." Journal of Palestine Studies 23, no. 3 (1994): 112–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2537966.

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37

Berry, C. "The Gulf War syndrome." Journal of Clinical Pathology 50, no. 5 (May 1, 1997): 360. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jcp.50.5.360.

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38

Kuniholm, Bruce R. "Review: The Gulf War." International Journal: Canada's Journal of Global Policy Analysis 49, no. 2 (June 1994): 436–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/002070209404900212.

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39

WEISS, MEIRA. "ENGENDERING THE GULF WAR." Journal of Contemporary Ethnography 27, no. 2 (July 1998): 197–218. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/089124198027002002.

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40

Revell, T. "The Gulf war syndrome." BMJ 310, no. 6986 (April 22, 1995): 1073. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmj.310.6986.1073a.

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41

Harak, G. Simon. "After the Gulf War." Journal of Humanistic Psychology 32, no. 4 (October 1992): 11–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0022167892324003.

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42

Brower, Vicki. "Gulf War syndrome revisited." EMBO reports 4, no. 6 (May 9, 2003): 551–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/sj.embor.embor874.

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43

Anderson, Christopher, and Peter Aldhous. "Gulf war clouds convention." Nature 349, no. 6308 (January 1991): 358. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/349358a0.

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44

Jayaraman, K. S. "Impact of Gulf War." Nature 349, no. 6309 (February 1991): 447. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/349447b0.

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45

ELKHAWAD, ABDALLA O. "Gulf war and sanctions." Nature 351, no. 6321 (May 1991): 9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/351009a0.

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46

COBOURN, SCOTT D. "Gulf war and sanctions." Nature 351, no. 6321 (May 1991): 9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/351009b0.

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47

Nacos, Brigitte L., and Douglas Kellner. "The Persian Gulf War." Political Science Quarterly 108, no. 1 (1993): 183. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2152508.

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48

Kuehn, Bridget M. "Gulf War Illness Defined." JAMA 311, no. 16 (April 23, 2014): 1603. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jama.2014.4489.

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49

Amir, Shmuel. "After the Gulf War." Monthly Review 43, no. 11 (April 4, 1992): 41. http://dx.doi.org/10.14452/mr-043-11-1992-04_4.

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50

Wall, Melissa. "Blogging Gulf War II." Journalism Studies 7, no. 1 (February 2006): 111–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14616700500450392.

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