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Meikle, Andy. "Glucose and memory : towards a condition based hypothesis." Thesis, University of Bristol, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.251044.
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Thomas, Rickey Paul. "A memory theoretic account of hypothesis generation, evaluation, and testing /." Search for this dissertation online, 2004. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/ksu/main.
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Smith, Nathan Tye. "The dopamine imbalance hypothesis a potential neurobiological model for working memory impairment in schizotypy /." Diss., Online access via UMI:, 2007.
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Pyc, Mary A. "Why is retrieval practice beneficial for memory? An evaluation of the mediator shift hypothesis." Kent State University / OhioLINK, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=kent1283177446.
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Tagliapietra, Claudio <1984>. "A threshold hypothesis of institutional change: collective action in the Italian Alps during the 13th - 19th centuries." Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2013. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/6173/.
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This dissertation is about collective action issues in common property resources. Its focus is the “threshold hypothesis,” which posits the existence of a threshold in group size that drives the process of institutional change. This hypothesis is tested using a six-century dataset concerning the management of the commons by hundreds of communities in the Italian Alps. The analysis seeks to determine the group size threshold and the institutional changes that occur when groups cross this threshold. There are five main findings. First, the number of individuals in villages remained stable for six centuries, despite the population in the region tripling in the same period. Second, the longitudinal analysis of face-to-face assemblies and community size led to the empirical identification of a threshold size that triggered the transition from informal to more formal regimes to manage common property resources. Third, when groups increased in size, gradual organizational changes took place: large groups split into independent subgroups or structured interactions into multiple layers while maintaining a single formal organization. Fourth, resource heterogeneity seemed to have had no significant impact on various institutional characteristics. Fifth, social heterogeneity showed statistically significant impacts, especially on institutional complexity, consensus, and the relative importance of governance rules versus resource management rules. Overall, the empirical evidence from this research supports the “threshold hypothesis.” These findings shed light on the rationale of institutional change in common property regimes, and clarify the mechanisms of collective action in traditional societies. Further research may generalize these conclusions to other domains of collective action and to present-day applications.
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Dalbello, Marija. "Institutional Shaping of Cultural Memory: Digital Library as Environment for Textual Transmission." University of Chicago Press, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/105615.
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The emerging trends in digital(ized) collection development from 1997 are examined using a sample of projects accessible through web-based registries of the Association of Research Libraries and Digital Library Federation. The analysis focuses on thematic repertoire, narrative structuring, underlying historiographic principles, presentation, and the context of institutionalization combining empirical and interpretive approaches, to understand how digital libraries are involved in the production of knowledge and how memory institutions are currently shaping this record in the digital environment. Digital collections are presently showcasing material so far restricted to scholarly uses, making it available for broader educational purposes. Nevertheless, they resemble the sixteenth- and the seventeenth-century cabinets of curiosities in their limited ability to support scholarship or address information needs of defined communities of users. Programmatic statements for developers in conclusion of the study suggest ways for improving the usability of these emerging textual environments, while recognizing new uses for the collections.
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Hempinstall, Susan. "Computational Model of Human Memory." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/35096.
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Theories of Extended Mind have evolved in waves to reach the present state of disagreement with regard to whether or not external artefacts become part of the mind when used for memory purposes. A four-step approach has been used to address and resolve this disagreement. First, a new component for models of mind which provides a saliency function is provided. This saliency function corresponds to computational elements found necessary in large mainframe computer systems for handling rich data environments. Second, there is introduced a Computational Model of Memory containing the new component which models the operation of human memory. The Computational Model of Memory contains four interoperative elements including the new component, short-term memory, long-term memory, and a cross-reference associator. Third, the work of Marcin Milkowski is drawn upon to obtain a general method of assessing a computational model’s well-formedness, and the method is applied to prove the adequacy of the Computational Model of Memory. According to Milkowski’s schema, the model satisfies most criteria for a well-formed computational model, including in particular a separation between conceptual elements of the model, and constitutive elements of the model, which while explicitly related, are required to subsist at separate logical conceptual levels. Fourth, the Computational Model of Memory is applied to outstanding arguments in Extended Mind to clarify and resolve several of these arguments. The model serves to highlight where the nature of the disagreement depends upon a category error of reference, and further resolves a key disagreement by demonstrating that the mind may treat external artefacts as an alternative realizable constitutive element of short-term and long-term memory.
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Holm, Linus. "Predictive eyes precede retrieval : visual recognition as hypothesis testing." Doctoral thesis, Umeå : Department of Psychology, Umeå University, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-1179.
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Paulling, Kristen Cederholm. "Transforming counterterrorism training in the FBI : preserving institutional memory and enhancing knowledge management." Thesis, Monterey, California. Naval Postgraduate School, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10945/4798.
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CHDS State/LocalThe Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) remains committed to working seamlessly with its international, federal, state and local partners to counter terrorism, the number one priority of the FBI. In order to more effectively equip personnel to meet and counter the ever-evolving threat, it is critical that inefficient practices that cause counterterrorism practitioners to "recreate the wheel" are quickly transformed to promote the most efficient counterterrorism knowledge management, knowledge transfer, and training practices available. Lessons learned through both formalized training and on-the-job experience must be quickly leveraged to aid broader sectors of the FBI and partner communities in order to promote streamlined operations in combating terrorism while countering inefficient knowledge management. This research identifies and analyzes the knowledge management deficit in counterterrorism training, while examining the core influences of organizational mindset and individual mindsets, the importance of trust, and the misnomer of 'best practices' that must be acknowledged and overcome. Focused on the establishment of Counterterrorism Mobile Education Teams to drive the enhanced infusion of tacit counterterrorism knowledge, this research culminates in the delineation of a multi-faceted strategy comprised of recommendations to target remaining counterterrorism training gaps, to strengthen homeland security collaboration, and to combat terrorism.
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Pauling, Kristen Cederholm. "Transforming counterterrorism training in the FBI preserving institutional memory and enhancing knowledge management /." Monterey, Calif. : Naval Postgraduate School, 2009. http://edocs.nps.edu/npspubs/scholarly/theses/2009/March/09Mar%5FPaulling.pdf.
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Thesis (M.S. in Security Studies (Homeland Security and Defense))--Naval Postgraduate School, March 2009.Thesis Advisor(s): Schweit, Katherine D. "March 2009." Description based on title screen as viewed on April 23, 2009. Author(s) subject terms: Counterterrorism, Knowledge Management, Knowledge Transfer, Best Practices, Homeland Security, Training, Federal Bureau Of Investigation, FBI, Expert Registry, Center for Lessons Learned, Skill Building, Storytelling, Organizational Change, Mobile Education Team, MET Includes bibliographical references (p. 65-68). Also available in print.
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SANTOS, PABLO SILVA MACHADO B. DOS. "THE NOVA FRIBURGO COLLEGE OF FOUNDATION GETÚLIO VARGAS: DIVING IN ITS INSTITUTIONAL MEMORY." PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO, 2005. http://www.maxwell.vrac.puc-rio.br/Busca_etds.php?strSecao=resultado&nrSeq=7001@1.
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Este estudo teve como objetivo principal lançar um novo
olhar sobre a experiência educacional do Colégio Nova
Friburgo da Fundação Getúlio Vargas (CNF/FGV), entendido
como uma escola experimental criada no âmbito da
iniciativa privada. Para tanto, busquei investigar tal
objeto pela via do estudo da memória institucional do CNF,
examinando três fontes documentais em cuja materialidade
tal memória se apresentaria de maneira substancial (dois
livros editados pela FGV sobre o CNF, a Revista Curriculum
editada pelo CNF e depoimentos de ex-alunos e ex-
professores do CNF). Ao final do presente estudo foi
possível captar elementos de uma pedagogia tradicional e
de um discurso de cunho tradicionalista e patrimonialista
que se colocavam para além das idéias de inovação
pedagógica e competência administrativa presentes nos
documentos analisados.The present study had had as principal objective to throw a new look on the educational experience of the Colégio Nova Friburgo of the Fundação Getúlio Vargas (CNF/FGV), expert as a experimental school created by the private initiative. For so much, looked for to investigate such object through the study of the institutional memory of CNF, examining three documental sources in whose materiality such memory had presented concret way (two books edited by FGV about CNF, the Revista Curriculum edited by CNF and former-students` testimonies and former- teachers of CNF). At the end of the present study it was possible to capture elements of a traditional pedagogy and of a traditionalistic speech and patrimonialist that were presented for besides the ideas of pedagogic innovation and administrative competence presents in the analyzed documents.
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Perdue, Bonnie Marie. "Sex differences in spatial memory ability: a test of the range size hypothesis in the order carnivora." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/39519.
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Sex differences in spatial cognition have been reported for many species ranging from voles to humans. The range size hypothesis predicts that sex differences in spatial ability will only occur in species in which the mating system selects for differential range size. Consistent with this prediction, we observed sex differences in spatial ability in giant pandas, a promiscuous species in which males inhabit larger ranges than females, but did not observe sex differences in Asian small-clawed otters, a related monogamous species in which males and females share home ranges. Furthermore, the sex difference in giant pandas was observed during the period of male range expansion and outside female estrus, thus the potentially confounding influence of decreased female ability was avoided. Finally, all subjects in this study were raised in captivity and never actually inhabited different range sizes. Therefore these findings emphasize the importance of biological rather than experiential factors underlying sex differences in spatial cognition. These results are the first evidence of sex differences in spatial ability in the order Carnivora, and provide support for the range size hypothesis.
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Andersson, Pernilla. "Sleep and Its Effects on Synaptic Strength." Thesis, Högskolan i Skövde, Institutionen för biovetenskap, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:his:diva-11342.
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Larsson, Henrik. "Vad lär vi oss av teamet? : En studie av teamarbete och att behålla kunskap i organisationer." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Företagsekonomiska institutionen, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-434111.
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Alla typer av organisationer är beroende av den kunskap dess medlemmar besitter, samtidigt som kunskap för företag har kommit att bli allt mer av ett konkurrensmedel. För att en organisation ska kunna behålla kunskap krävs att det finns såväl en metod för att förmedla kunskap mellan medlemmar som för att behålla kunskap när medlemmar lämnar organisationen. Ett sätt att öka kunskapsutbytet har varit att organisera arbetet i team. Det är dock inte undersökt i vilken utsträckning teamarbete även bidrar till att kunskap behålls inom organisationer. Studien genomför en serie kvalitativa intervjuer med medlemmar i en organisation som i hög grad arbetar teambaserat, för att försöka kartlägga såväl hur kunskap utbyts som hur den stannar kvar. Det konstateras att nivåerna av kunskapsutbyte är störst i delar av organisationen som utgörs av team, samt att mycket av kunskapen som förmedlas också stannar kvar i organisationen. Det är därför rimligt att anta att höga nivåer av kunskapsförmedling leder till ett mer välutvecklat organisatoriskt minne och att team som arbetssätt därmed också har en positiv inverkan på minnet. Vidare forskning behövs dock om vilka andra variabler utöver arbetssätt som kan påverka det organisatoriska minnets uppbyggnad.
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Tagliapietra, Claudio [Verfasser], and Marco [Akademischer Betreuer] Casari. "A Threshold Hypothesis of Institutional Change: Collective Action in the Italian Alps during the 13th-19th Centuries / Claudio Tagliapietra ; Betreuer: Marco Casari." Hamburg : Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Hamburg, 2017. http://d-nb.info/1125627875/34.
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Jackson, Jill H. "Generational Identity and the Wende: Institutional Influence and the Last Generation ofthe GDR." Wright State University / OhioLINK, 2020. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=wright1591777141244554.
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McClelland, Thomas William. "Self-representationalism and the Russellian ignorance hypothesis : a hybrid response to the problem of consciousness." Thesis, University of Sussex, 2012. http://sro.sussex.ac.uk/id/eprint/41547/.
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This thesis aims to provide a compelling and distinctive response to the Problem of Consciousness. This is achieved by offering a bipartite analysis of the epistemic gap at the heart of that problem, and by building upon the hypothesis that the apparent problem is symptomatic of our limited conception of the physical. Chapter 1 introduces the problem. The key question is whether phenomenal consciousness is onticly dependent on the physical, or onticly independent of it. There are powerful arguments for the Primitivist view that consciousness is independent of the physical. These arguments rest on the apparent epistemic gap between the physical and the phenomenal. I propose that this apparent gap must be understood as a composite of two deeper conceptual gaps pertaining to the subjective character and qualitative character of consciousness respectively. The ‘–tivity gap' claims that physical states are objective, phenomenal states are subjective and that there is no entailment from the objective to the subjective. The ‘–trinsicality gap' claims that physical properties are extrinsic (structural), that phenomenal qualities are intrinsic (non-structural) and that there is no entailment from the extrinsic to the intrinsic. After refining the case for Primitivism, I consider the compelling reasons for rejecting Primitivism in favour of Physicalism. The challenge posed by the Problem of Consciousness is to resolve this antinomy between Primitivism and Physicalism. In Chapter 2 I consider standard responses to the problem. The failings of these positions lead me to introduce three criteria that an adequate response must satisfy. I reject the view that Primitivism can be salvaged, and hold that a satisfactory response to the problem must protect Physicalism. I reject standard ‘Type-A' responses according to which there is no epistemic gap between the physical and the phenomenal, and argue that a satisfactory response cannot deny the manifest reality of phenomenal consciousness. Finally, I reject ‘Type-B' responses according to which the epistemic gap does not entail ontic distinctness. I hold that if Physicalism is true, the entailment from the physical facts to the phenomenal facts must be knowable a priori for an epistemically ideal subject. Chapter 3 evaluates a non-standard Type-A response to the Problem of Consciousness which promises to satisfy all three criteria. According to Stoljar's Epistemic View (EV), consciousness only seems inexplicable in physical terms because we have a limited conception of the physical. I argue that EV should be supported iff two demanding challenges can be met: the Relevance Condition requires adequate reason to believe that unknown physical properties could address the –tivity gap and the –trinsicality gap. The Integration Condition requires adequate reason to believe that there is a specific blind-spot in our current conception of the physical that is plausibly occupied by properties that perform the requisite explanatory role. To satisfy these conditions, the advocate of EV must make positive claims about the content of our proposed ignorance. In Chapter 4 I argue that EV stands or falls with the plausibility of the Russellian Ignorance Hypothesis (RIH). According to RIH, we have no concepts of the intrinsic properties of physical entities, and those intrinsic properties are integral to the physical explanation of consciousness. I argue that we are indeed conceptually ignorant of intrinsic physical properties. I also argue that RIH meets the Integration Condition, and goes some way to satisfying the Relevance Condition. RIH plausibly undermines the –trinsicality gap by showing that some physical properties are intrinsic, though they are beyond our current conception. The apparent gap is then an illusion resulting from the fact that all known physical properties are extrinsic. RIH fails, however, to address the –tivity gap. I conclude that no version of EV can offer a full response to the Problem of Consciousness. In Chapter 5 I explore an entirely different kind of response to the Problem of Consciousness. Representationalism claims that consciousness is explicable in terms of intentional properties, and that intentional properties are explicable in terms of physical properties. I argue that standard Representationalist proposals are unable to account for the qualitative character of conscious states, and diagnose this failure in terms of the –trinsicality gap. However, the prospects for a Representationalist account of subjective character are more promising. Specifically, Kriegel's Self-Representationalism holds that a mental state is a phenomenal state in virtue of suitably representing itself. I argue that this proposal plausibly addresses the –tivity gap. RIH and Self-Representationalism each deal with one of the two apparent conceptual gaps between the physical and the phenomenal, but not the other. In Chapter 6 I develop a hybrid proposal that combines the best of both positions. The ‘Neo-Russellian Ignorance Hypothesis' (NRIH) claims that a mental state is a phenomenal state at all in virtue of suitably representing itself, and has its qualitative character in virtue of the intrinsic physical properties involved in its implementation. I expand this claim and defend it against a number of potential criticisms. I also explore the relationship between its two components, suggesting that they are each founded on a common epistemic insight. I argue that NRIH successfully addresses the –tivity and –trinsicality gaps and, moreover, that it provides a compelling account of why consciousness appears to be inexplicable in physical terms. I conclude that NRIH offers a powerful response to the Problem of Consciousness that successfully undermines the case for Primitivism. Furthermore, I conclude that NRIH has substantial advantages over competing attempted responses, and offers the best possible way of capitalising on the insights of EV and Representationalism.
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Stål, Elisabet, and Maria Stålnacke. "Deklarativt minne hos barn med dyslexi." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Logopedi, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-275006.
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Developmental dyslexia is a specific reading and spelling disability with several explanatory proposals. Previous research has shown that there is a strong relation between developmental dyslexia and difficulties in phonological processing, which has resulted in the theory that the cause of developmental dyslexia is a specific weakness in phonological awareness. However, such a specific weakness does not explain the non-linguistic difficulties that are also common in developmental dyslexia. According to the Procedural Deficit Hypothesis (PDH), several (both linguistic and non-linguistic) difficulties that are observed in developmental dyslexia can be explained by abnormal development of the procedural memory system. Moreover, this hypothesis implies that the declarative memory system remains intact and may have a compensatory role for the reading disabilities in developmental dyslexia. In this study, the aspect of declarative memory that is visual recognition memory after incidental encoding was examined. 10 children with diagnosed developmental dyslexia and 10 typically developed children participated in the study. The results indicated an intact declarative memory in children with developmental dyslexia. However, no significant correlation between declarative memory and reading ability was found. Thus, the prediction that declarative memory can serve a compensatory role in developmental dyslexia was not supported.Dyslexi är en specifik läs- och skrivsvårighet med flera förklaringsmodeller. Tidigare forskning har visat på ett starkt samband mellan dyslexi och svårigheter med fonologiskt processande, vilket har lett fram till hypotesen att orsaken till dyslexi är en specifik svaghet i fonologisk medvetenhet. En sådan specifik nedsättning kan dock inte förklara de icke-språkliga svårigheter som också är vanligt förekommande vid dyslexi. Enligt the procedural deficit hypothesis (PDH) kan många (både språkliga och icke-språkliga) svårigheter vid dyslexi förklaras av en nedsättning i det procedurella minnet. Vidare innebär hypotesen att det deklarativa minnet är intakt och kan fungera som kompensation för svårigheterna vid dyslexi. I denna studie undersöktes det deklarativa minnet i form av visuellt igenkänningsminne efter oavsiktlig inkodning. I studien deltog 10 barn med dyslexi och 10 barn utan dyslexi. Resultatet indikerade att det deklarativa minnet var intakt hos barnen med dyslexi. Däremot kunde inget signifikant samband mellan deklarativt minne och läsförmåga ses. Antagandet att deklarativt minne kan fungera som kompensation vid dyslexi kunde därför inte stödjas.
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Jones, Gemma M. M. "The cholinergic hypothesis of dementia : the effects of lecithin and nicotine on human memory and attention in dementia of the Alzheimer type." Thesis, King's College London (University of London), 1990. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.370028.
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Shareef, Zeinab, and Maria Hällgren. "Deklarativt minne hos universitetsstuderande med dyslexi : Undersökning av igenkänningsminne efter oavsiktlig inkodning." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Logopedi, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-242880.
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Utifrån the procedural deficit hypothesis (PDH) antas det deklarativa minnet vara intakt hos personer med dyslexi. Detta styrks av studier som visat att deklarativt minne är intakt eller förstärkt hos barn med SLI eller dyslexi då det undersökts med icke-språkliga minnestest. Personer med dyslexi som genomgår universitetsstudier antas kompensera för sina svårigheter på olika sätt, bland annat med det deklarativa minnet. I denna studie har deklarativt minne undersökts i form av visuellt igenkänningsminne efter oavsiktlig inkodning. Deltagarna utgjordes av 11 universitetsstuderande med dyslexi samt en kontrollgrupp på 26 universitetsstuderande utan dyslexi. Resultatet indikerade ett intakt deklarativt minne hos personer med dyslexi. En trend till att de även har ett förstärkt minne efter 24 timmar jämfört med kontrollgruppen kunde skönjas men var inte signifikant. Prediktionen att deklarativt minne används som kompensation i allmänhet samt för nedsatt läsförmåga kunde inte styrkas. Andra möjliga kompensatoriska strategier och förmågor än deklarativt minne diskuteras.Based on the procedural deficit hypothesis (PDH) declarative memory is assumed to be intact in people with dyslexia. This is supported by studies showing that declarative memory is intact or enhanced in children with SLI or dyslexia when examined using non-verbal memory tests. People with dyslexia who undergo university studies are assumed to compensate for their difficulties in different ways, including with the use of declarative memory. This study examines the aspect of declarative memory that is visual recognition memory after incidental encoding. The participants were 11 university students with dyslexia and a control group of 26 university students without dyslexia. The results showed an intact declarative memory in people with dyslexia. A possible trend that they also have an enhanced memory after 24 hours compared with the control group could be seen but was not significant. The prediction that declarative memory is used as compensation in general and for impaired reading skills could not be substantiated. Other possible compensatory strategies and abilities besides declarative memory are discussed.
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Peet, Jennifer L. "Institutional ethnography of Aboriginal Australian child separation histories : implications of social organising practices in accounting for the past." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/16457.
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How we come to know about social phenomena is an important sociological question and a central focus of this thesis. How knowledge is organised and produced and becomes part of ruling relations is empirically interrogated through an institutional ethnography. I do this in the context of explicating the construction of a public history concerning Aboriginal Australian child separations over the 20th century, and in particular as it arose in the 1990s as a social problem. Particular attention is given to knowledge construction practices around the Australian National Inquiry into the Separation of Aboriginal Children from Their Families (1996-1997) and the related Bringing Them Home Oral History Project (1998-2002). The once separated children have come to be known as The Stolen Generation(s) in public discourse and have been represented as sharing a common experience as well as reasons for the separations. Against the master narrative of common experience and discussion of the reasons for it, this thesis raises the problematic that knowledge is grounded in particular times and places, and also that many people who are differently related and who have experiences which contain many differences as well as similarities end up being represented as though saying the same thing. Through an institutional ethnography grounded in explicating the social organising activities which produced the Bringing Them Home Oral History Project, I examine how institutional relations coordinate the multiplicity and variability of people’s experiences through a textually-mediated project with a focused concern regarding the knowing subject, ideology, accounts, texts and analytical mapping. Through this I show how ruling relations are implicated in constructing what is known about the Aboriginal child separation histories, and more generally how experience, memory, the telling of a life and the making of public history are embedded in social organising practices.
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Androulaki, Anna. "Colour term acquisition and the development of working memory in children : a cross-linguistic investigation and a test of the linguistic relativity hypothesis." Thesis, University of Surrey, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.396264.
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Coppola, Vincent Jesse. "Neurocognitive aging in homing pigeons (Columba livia):Further investigation into hippocampal-dependent memory impairment and testing of the cholinergic hypothesis of cognitive decline." Bowling Green State University / OhioLINK, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=bgsu1553609743315119.
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Ceder, Felicia, and Olivia Ahlmén. "Årsredovisningen, ett objektivt informationsdokument eller ett marknadsföringsverktyg? : En kvantitativ studie om läsbarheten i svenska börsnoterade företags årsredovisningar." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Företagsekonomi, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-148893.
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Bakgrund Årsredovisningens berättande delar utgör numera majoriteten av årsredovisningen. De berättande delarna hjälper läsaren att tolka den finansiella informationen. Därmed är läsbarheten i de berättande delarna viktig för årsredovisningens användbarhet. Tidigare studier har kommit fram till att företag medvetet försämrar årsredovisningens läsbarhet för att dölja skadlig information och därigenom vilseleda läsaren. Syfte Studiens syfte är att förklara variation i läsbarhet mellan svenska börsnoterade företags årsredovisningar. Metod Denna kvantitativa studie tar sin utgångspunkt i ett eklektiskt och deduktivt angreppssätt där både läsbarhets- och redovisningsteorier ligger till grund för hypotesutvecklingen. Studien utgår från en tvärsnittsdesign där studiens empiriska material utgörs av sekundärdata som är hämtad från företags årsredovisningar. Variation i årsredovisningars läsbarhet analyseras med multipel linjär regression. Slutsats Studiens resultat visar att det finns ett starkt positivt samband mellan lönsamhet och läsbarhet och således har mindre lönsamma företag en lägre läsbarhet i sina årsredovisningar. Resultatet påvisar även att det förekommer svaga skillnader i årsredovisningars läsbarhet mellan olika branscher. Vidare indikerar analysen att större företag skriver längre texter och därigenom mer svårläst.Introduction Nowdays the narrative parts are the majority of the annual report. The narrative parts help the reader to interpret the financial information. Thus, the readability is important for the usefulness of the annual report. Prior research has found that corporations strategically use the language as a tool to hide information and to obfuscate the reader. Purpose The purpose of this study is to explain variation in readability between Swedish listed corporations’ annual reports. Method This quantitative study is based on an eclectical and deductive approach where both theories of readability and accounting theories have formulated the hypotheses. A cross-sectional design has been used and the study's empirical data consist of secondary data, derived from annual reports. Variation in annual reports readability has been analysed by multiple linear regression. Conclusion The result shows that there is a strong positive correlation between profitability and readability, thus less profitable corporations have lower readability in their annual reports. The result also shows that there are weak differences in the annual reports' readability between different industries. Furthermore, the analysis indicates that larger companies write longer texts and thus more difficult.
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Matos, Maria Teresa Navarro de Britto. "Memória institucional e gestão universitária no Brasil: o caso da Universidade Federal da Bahia." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFBA, 2004. http://www.repositorio.ufba.br/ri/handle/ri/10976.
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A memória institucional de natureza arquivística raramente está disponível de forma sistêmica e articulada para as instâncias decisórias das universidades federais brasileiras. A memória institucional dificilmente é percebida e compreendida como informação estratégica dotada de real valor decisório para as atividades de gestão e planejamento das instituições universitárias. Partindo do problema apresentado, o trabalho analisa e caracteriza os modelos de gestão das instituições universitárias federais, apontando e descrevendo os sistemas que prevalecem no seu atual contexto administrativo. O texto indica a tensão entre os sistemas decisórios que regem as atividades de gestão acadêmica e as atividades operacionais das universidades, pontuando e descrevendo uma distinção entre organização e instituição universitária, destacando, ainda, o perfil e as particularidades administrativas da UFBA no âmbito do sistema federal de ensino superior. À discussão são integradas e articuladas as noções de memória institucional, arquivo e informação de natureza arquivística. O trabalho de análise procurou revelar a dinâmica conceitual implicada na noção de instituição, desenvolvendo e apresentando o jogo de opostos entre o instituinte e o instituído, além de estabelecer e demonstrar a relação direta que mantém com a noção de memória. O trabalho destaca, ainda, a relação entre memória e informação estratégica, demonstrando a importância do documento arquivístico como unidade da memória institucional. Apresenta, em seguida, uma base conceitual com a finalidade de correlacionar a memória institucional com algumas concepções desenvolvidas a partir das características dos sistemas digitais e eletrônicos de informação. O propósito é proporcionar à tese forte base conceitual para o diálogo, indispensável, com as tecnologias digitais da informação e comunicação. Assim, o trabalho percorre os pólos do espírito humano descritos por Pierre Lévy, analisando as propriedades da memória em cada fase da evolução das tecnologias da inteligência. A tese caracteriza a instituição objeto do estudo de caso, sublinhando a gênese da Universidade da Bahia, a reestruturação da UFBA e os vestígios de ações empreendidas nos reitorados de Felippe Serpa, Heonir Rocha e Naomar Monteiro de Almeida Filho relacionadas à memória institucional e à memória organizacional. Aponta, também, as vantagens da estratégia metodológica escolhida, o estudo de caso, descrevendo e comentando o procedimento da pesquisa, desde a sua fase exploratória, destacando a investigação sobre os fluxos da informação arquivística e da memória institucional nas universidades federais brasileiras. Ainda na fase exploratória, apresenta uma descrição estrutural e funcional dos “lugares de memória” da UFBA. Em seguida aprofunda o problema, a hipótese, a verificação da hipótese, a população selecionada e os instrumentos de coleta de dados utilizados. Identifica e descreve as categorias de análise do questionário aplicado aos gestores da UFBA e que orientaram a interpretação das respostas. A análise é empreendida questão por questão, com diversas correlações entre as questões analisadas. São apresentadas tabelas e gráficos, o que permite uma rica leitura das informações coletadas junto aos gestores da UFBA. O trabalho se encerra discorrendo sobre algumas diretrizes para um sistema digital de memória estratégica e analisando o impacto administrativo (notadamente sobre a avaliação institucional e a autonomia da universidade) de uma memória institucional ativa, estruturada e orgânica.
Salvador
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Schendel, Zachary Adam. "The irrelevant sound effect similarity of content or similarity of process? /." Columbus, Ohio : Ohio State University, 2006. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1148590088.
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Bratkowski, Rosangela Haide. "Memória institucional e gestão ambiental : ênfase nas ações ambientais através de um estudo da Biblioteca da Escola de Engenharia da UFRGS no período de 2011 a 2015." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/163481.
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Esta pesquisa teve sua origem e sustentação na preocupação de valorizar as boas práticas para um ambiente corretamente saudável dentro da questão ambiental na Biblioteca da Escola de Engenharia da UFRGS (BIBENG). As boas práticas de gestão socioambiental requerem o envolvimento e integração de toda a equipe no que diz respeito à percepção dos problemas e soluções que a Unidade vem enfrentando. Além disso, se percebeu que a memória institucional é um elemento decisivo para assegurar o caráter histórico na consolidação de identidade institucional e as informações, documentações, processos, valores coletivos e individuais estão reunidos em um lugar de memória – uma biblioteca, arquivo, museu, etc. –, um lugar que conserva, registra e preserva para a memória da instituição e da sociedade. A presente dissertação tem o objetivo de propor ações para a melhoria das políticas ambientais da UFRGS, visando o Plano Anual da Escola de Engenharia em consonância com o Plano de Gestão e a Política de Gestão Ambiental da UFRGS no período de 2011-2015. Para tanto, foi realizado um estudo de caso na BIBENG com base nos procedimentos metodológicos identificados como pesquisa bibliográfica e análise documental e descritiva com uma abordagem qualitativa de cunho documental. Em vista disso, após análise dos documentos, conclui-se que a BIBENG, como lugar da memória, pode contribuir com a política de gestão ambiental da UFRGS através da gestão e da disseminação das informações ambientais. Também, percebeu-se que a cultura de gestão ambiental na Universidade é considerada importante nos processos de planejamento e tomada de decisão. Entretanto, a comunidade acadêmica não conseguiu, ainda, incorporar esta cultura de forma efetiva em relação a projetos e/ou ações para minimizar os impactos negativos ao meio ambiente. Desta forma, foi apresentado um protótipo de um produto para os usuários da BIBENG, ecologicamente sustentável, que preserve o meio ambiente e signifique uma mudança cultural ambiental e, ofertado como uma peça comemorativa pelos 120 anos que a Escola de Engenharia e a Biblioteca estão comemorando neste ano de 2016.This research originated and support the concern to value best practices for properly healthy environment within the environmental issue in the Library of the UFRGS School of Engineering (BIBENG). Socioenvironmental good management practices require the involvement and integration of the whole team with regard to the perception of the problems and solutions that the Unit is facing. Besides that, it was noted that institutional memory is a decisive element in ensuring the historical character in the institutional identity consolidation and information, documentation, processes, collective and individual values are gathered in a place of memory - a library, archive, museum, etc. - A place that conserves, records and preserves for the memory of the institution and society. This thesis aims to propose actions to improve the environmental policies of UFRGS, targeting the Annual Plan of the School of Engineering in accordance with the Management Plan and Environmental Management Policy UFRGS in the 2011-2015 period. Therefore, we conducted a case study in BIBENG based on methodological procedures identified as bibliographic and documentary and descriptive analysis with a qualitative approach primarily on documentary evidence. Thereupon, after examining the documents, it is concluded that the BIBENG as a place of memory, can contribute to environmental management policy UFRGS through the management and dissemination of environmental information. Also, it was noted that the culture of environmental management at the University is considered important in planning and decision making. However, the academic community failed to also incorporate this culture effectively in relation to projects and / or actions to minimize negative impacts on the environment. Thus, a prototype of a product was presented to the users of BIBENG, ecologically sustainable, preserving the environment and means an environmental and cultural change, offered as a commemorative piece for 120 years that the School of Engineering and the Library are celebrating this year 2016.
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Burke, Patrick Breen. "Management for Program Sustainability Amidst Rapid Volunteer Turnover." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/64395.
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Program sustainability is a major issue for nongovernmental organizations. Sustainability depends on the ability of an organization to maintain its capacity, which can be severely hindered by high rates of personnel turnover. This is especially true for turnover in nonprofit organizations that offer volunteer-led programs and are consequently heavily reliant upon those individuals to carry out their missions. Creating a strong institutional memory for both tacit and explicit knowledge and properly managing volunteers are two critical elements in creating the capacity needed to maintain a high-quality program. This thesis analyzes the case of a youth center in Macedonia that is dependent upon its volunteers to function and is afflicted by sustainability and discontinuity issues in its programs due to a regular rapid turnover of its volunteers. The center promotes youth development through informal education of its participants, primarily high school youth. Interviews, participant observation and document analysis provided insight into the program sustainability issues present at the youth center. I present a series of scenarios that highlight the issues of volunteer management and institutional memory loss concerning volunteer turnover that I discovered in my analysis. I conclude by calling for better preservation of institutional memory, more targeted recruitment and training that emphasizes creating routines and establishing volunteer expectations to enable improved program sustainability.Master of Urban and Regional Planning
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Kunze, Karl-Kuno, and Hans Gerhard Strohe. "Antipersistence in German stock returns." Universität Potsdam, 2010. http://opus.kobv.de/ubp/volltexte/2010/4558/.
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Persistence of stock returns is an extensively studied and discussed theme in the analysis of financial markets. Antipersistence is usually attributed to volatilities. However, not only volatilities but also stock returns can exhibit antipersistence. Antipersistent noise has a somewhat rougher appearance than Gaussian noise. Heuristically spoken, price movements are more likely followed by movements in the opposite direction than in the same direction.
The pertaining integrated process exhibits a smaller range – prices seem to stay in the vicinity of the initial value. We apply a widely used test based upon the modified R/S-Method by Lo [1991] to daily returns of 21 German stocks from 1960 to 2008. Combining this test with the concept of moving windows by Carbone et al. [2004], we are able to determine periods of antipersistence for some of the series under examination. Our results suggest that antipersistence can be found for stocks and periods where extraordinary corporate actions such as mergers & acquisitions or financial distress are present. These effects should be properly accounted for when choosing and designing models for inference.
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Neto, Raul Celestino de Toledo Soares. "Memória e história: os processos de institucionalização da música popular brasileira(1965-1986)." Universidade de São Paulo, 2018. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/8/8138/tde-18022019-123407/.
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Esta investigação tem como objetivo central discutir aspectos da historiografia da música popular brasileira na segunda metade do século XX, por meio da trajetória de instituições públicas e privadas voltadas à preservação da memória e ao estímulo e defesa da música popular. O engajamento na luta contra sua descaracterização ganhou força à medida que crescia a penetração da cultura estrangeira através dos meios de comunicação. O processo de institucionalização da história da música teve início com a fundação do Museu da Imagem e do Som do Rio de Janeiro (MIS-RJ), em 1965, a partir da aquisição de um vasto arquivo organizado pelo radialista Almirante nas décadas anteriores. A partir do MIS-RJ, um grupo de especialistas no tema passou a se reunir sob a guarda de um órgão público para propor medidas de proteção e zelo com relação a memória musical. Em 1975, a Fundação Nacional de Artes (Funarte) iniciou seus trabalhos com objetivo de preservar e estimular o elemento nacional na cultura brasileira. Em seus quadros, foi criada a Divisão de Música Popular, responsável pela execução de programas de estímulo à memória da música, como o Projeto Pixinguinha e o Projeto Lúcio Rangel de Monografias. A Funarte também apoiou a criação da Associação dos Pesquisadores da MPB (APMPB), que teve papel relevante, durante a década de 70, ao reunir diversos estudiosos da música popular para refletir seus problemas e enviar proposições ao governo federal. Essa ampliação também foi realizada pela coleção História da Música Popular Brasileira, da Editora Abril, que se tornou importante referência no processo de consolidação da memória da música popular. Ao lançar fascículos que acompanhavam discos, críticas e biografias de nomes da música brasileira, a coletânea não só estimulou a música, mas também alimentou as bases de acervos dedicados ao tema. Ao refletir sobre a trajetória destas instituições, essa investigação busca compreender em sua dimensão histórica a construção de uma narrativa historiográfica que, alicerçada em instituições do Estado ou privadas, passou a ser lida como a história oficial da música popular brasileira.The main objective of this research is the discussion of the historiography issues of Brazilia n popular music in the late 20th century, by means of the trajectory of public and private institutions focused on the memory preservation and on the stimulus and defense of popular music. The engagement in the struggle against its decharacterization gained strength as the foreign culture penetration grew through the media. The music history institutionalizing process began with the creation of the Museum of Image and Sound of Rio de Janeiro (MIS-RJ) in 1965, by the acquisition of a vast organized archive by the broadcaster Almirante in the previous decades. Since MIS-RJ, a group of experts in the theme started to meet under the protection of a public department which proposed protection actions and zeal in relation to the musica l memory. In 1975, the National Foundation of Arts (Funarte) began its works aiming to preserve and to stimulate the national element in the Brazilian culture. The Popular Music Division was created in the Funarte structure, responsible for the execution of music memory stimula t ion programs, as the Projeto Pixinguinha and the Projeto Lúcio Rangel de Monografias. Funarte also supported the creation of the MPB (Brazilian Popular Music) Researchers Association which had an important role at the 1970s, gathering several popular music experts to reflect their own problems and send proposals to the federal government. This expansion was also made by the collection História da Música Popular Brasileira, edited by Abril, which became reference in the popular music memory consolidation. Launching issues including discs, criticisms and biography of Brazilian music musicians, the collection not only stimulated the music, but also fed the basis of collections dedicated to the theme. Reflecting over this trajectory, this investigation aims to understand the construction of an historiographic narrative concerning its historical dimension that based in the private or state institutions started to be read as the official history of Brazilian popular music.
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Pierre, Janina, and Josefine Toreheim. "Procedurellt minne hos universitetsstuderande med dyslexi." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Logopedi, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-241586.
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Dyslexi är en form av läs- och skrivsvårighet som inte kan förklaras av t.ex. bristfällig undervisning, låg begåvning eller synproblem. Orsaken till dyslexi anses vanligen vara nedsatt förmåga av fonologiskt processande. Flera studier har dock visat att dyslexi även är förknippat med språkliga, kognitiva och motoriska svårigheter som inte kan förklaras av nedsatt förmåga av fonologiskt processande. Det procedurella minnessystemet engageras vid inlärning, processande och konsolidering av kognitiva och motoriska färdigheter. Enligt the procedural deficit hypothesis (PDH) orsakas de svårigheter förekommande vid dyslexi av en nedsättning i detta minnessystem. Forskningen inom området är inte entydig då det har rapporterats om både intakt och nedsatt procedurellt minne hos personer med dyslexi. Föreliggande studie var den första att undersöka procedurellt minne hos svenska universitetsstuderande med dyslexi. Syftet var att testa PDH med hjälp av alternating serial reaction time task (ASRT), samt att undersöka relationen mellan procedurellt minne, närmare bestämt implicit sekvensinlärning, och läsförmåga samt aspekter av språklig/fonologisk förmåga. I studien deltog totalt 37 universitetsstuderande, 11 med dyslexi och 26 utan dyslexi. Resultatet indikerade att förmågan till inlärning och konsolidering i det procedurella minnet inte skilde sig åt mellan grupperna. Resultatet ger således inte stöd åt PDH. Vidare kunde inga signifikanta korrelationer påvisas, vilket tyder på att det inte föreligger något samband mellan procedurellt minne och respektive läsförmåga, fonologisk medvetenhet och snabb benämning (rapid automatized naming, RAN).Developmental dyslexia is characterized by reading and writing difficulties that do not derive from poor education, low intelligence or visual impairment. The disorder is commonly explained as a result of an underlying phonological deficit. However, studies have shown that dyslexia is also associated with linguistic, cognitive, and motor impairments that can not be explained by a specific phonological deficit. The procedural memory underlies learning, processing and consolidation of motor and cognitive skills. The procedural deficit hypothesis (PDH) suggests that an impairment of procedural memory is the underlying cause of developmental dyslexia. Previous research has yielded inconsistent results as studies have reported intact as well as impaired procedural memory in dyslexics. This study was the first to examine procedural memory in Swedish university students. The aim was to test the PDH, by using an alternating serial reaction time task (ASRT), and to examine the correlation between procedural memory and reading ability as well as aspects of linguistic/phonological ability. In this study there was a total of 37 university students, 11 dyslexics and 26 nondyslexics. The result showed learning and consolidation of the procedural memory in both groups and there was no significant difference between the groups. Thus, the results do not support the PDH. No significant correlations were found, which indicates that there is no association between procedural memory and reading ability, phonological awareness or rapid automatized naming (RAN).
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Bergquist, Philip, Patrik Lindgren, and Olof Persson. "The Value of Change : An event-study of Ownership Disclosures." Thesis, Jönköping University, JIBS, Business Administration, 2005. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-310.
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Background:
Recent business paper articles observe that stocks soar when there is a change in ownership. The clothing company JC climbed 26% when it was announced Torsten Jansson had increased his holdings. Daydream, a computer game developer, followed this trend increasing its market value by 17% on the news that TA Capital had increased its hold-ings. In these examples, the market learned of the changes in ownership through a press release created by the acquiring entity. These pieces of news, also known as ownership disclosures, is the target of this thesis.
Purpose:
The purpose of this thesis is to investigate whether ownership disclosures result in abnormal stock price changes. Furthermore, the aim is to find out if there are any differ-ences in returns depending on who announced the ownership disclosure. In order to fulfil this purpose, a quantitative approach was used.
Method:
A random sample of 160 ownership disclosures is gathered. 77 of these are classified as passive- and 83 as active investors. For each of these pieces of news, 183 days of historical stock price data is retrieved. This data is then parsed through the market model event-study framework.
Findings:
Graphically analyzing the whole sample indicates that the market is not efficient in its strong form. The same is true when dividing the sample into passive- and active investors. Statistically, an abnormal return is confirmed for the active investors, but not for the whole sample or the passive investors.
Conclusion:
By looking at the price change effects of ownership disclosures, the Stockholm Stock Exchange O-list is determined to be efficient at the semi-strong level. The anomaly caused by active investors leads to the possibility of making a profit of 2.70% between day -1 and day +1 relative to the day of the ownership disclosure being sent out. It should be noted, though, that transaction costs and taxes are not taken into consideration.
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Santos, Marco Aurélio dos. "Hipótese de mercados adaptativos e fatores econômico-institucionais: uma abordagem multinível." Universidade de São Paulo, 2018. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/12/12136/tde-10072018-170405/.
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Um dos temas mais discutidos na área de finanças é a forma como os mercados se estruturam sob perspectiva informacional, precificando ativos financeiros. Uma das teorias centrais de discussão é a Hipótese de Eficiência dos Mercados (HEM) de Eugene Fama (1970), derivada da teoria de utilidade. Um dos pontos centrais de discussão e critica da HEM são seus pressupostos quanto à modelagem do comportamento humano, totalmente racional e oportunista. Uma segunda linha de estudos apresenta um contraponto a esse modelo de ser humano utilizado nas teorias neoclássicas de finanças, utilizando um modelo de agente que possui falhas no processo de tomada de decisão financeira em função de uma racionalidade limitada e de vieses cognitivos, que impactam sobre o preço dos ativos negociados (Tversky & Kahneman, 1979; Thaler, 1985). A Hipótese de Mercados Adaptativos (HMA), de Andrew Lo (2004, 2005), é uma das teorias que conciliam a estrutura neoclássica da HEM com o comportamento não ótimo do agente, considerando novas estruturas de tomada de decisão financeira pelo investidor, como aprendizado, adaptação e vieses comportamentais, apresentando dinâmicas de mercado semelhantes a características biológicas, com impactos do ambiente e seleção natural como direcionadores da eficiência dos mercados. Desta forma, esse trabalho tem como objetivo verificar se existe aderência do conceito de evolução e do impacto do ambiente macroeconômico sobre a eficiência informacional dos mercados financeiros, verificando a capacidade de adaptação do mercado a mudanças do ambiente, e quais fatores apresentam maior grau de explicação no processo de adaptação e eficiência dos mercados em diferentes países. Para isso foram analisados os índices de preços e retornos de 48 economias, assim como informações econômico-institucionais sobre os países aos quais estavam relacionados, por meio do desenvolvimento de uma métrica de ineficiência informacional relativa dos mercados e posterior análise por meio de modelos descritivos e multinível. Foi identificado que há comportamentos cíclicos de eficiência ao longo do tempo, e os graus de eficiência diferem-se entre as economias estudadas, assim como há evidências de que há variação do comportamento de eficiência quando da mudança do cenário econômico. Adicionalmente foi identificado que características ambientais (como instituições e comportamento geral da economia) também apresentam efeitos sobre o grau de ineficiência relativa de mercados, e sua relação está associada ao comportamento previsto na HMA.One of the most discussed topics in finance research is the way of markets are structured from an informational perspective, pricing financial assets. One of the central theories of discussion is Eugene Fama\'s Market Efficiency Hypothesis (HEM) (1970), derived from utility theory. One of the central points of discussion and critics of HEM is its assumptions about the modeling of human behavior, totally rational and opportunistic. The second line of studies shows a counterpoint to this model of human behavior used in neoclassical finance theories, by an agent model that has flaws in financial decision-making process due to a bounded rationality and cognitive biases impacting on the price of the traded assets (Tversky & Kahneman, 1979; Thaler, 1985). The Andrew Lo\'s (2004, 2005) Adaptive Market Hypothesis (HMA) is one of the theories that reconcile the neoclassical structure of HEM with the agent\'s non-optimal behavior, considering new structures of financial decision-making by the investor, such as learning, adaptation and behavioral biases, presenting market dynamics like biological characteristics with environmental impacts and natural selection as drivers of market efficiency. In this way, the objective of this work is to verify if there is adherence to the concept of evolution and the impact of the macroeconomic environment on the informational efficiency of the financial markets, observing the adaptability of the market to changes in the environment, and which factors present a greater degree of explanation in the process of adaptation and efficiency of markets in different countries. To do so, we analyzed the price and return indices of 48 economies, as well as economic-institutional information about the related countries, through the development of a metric of relative informational inefficiency and subsequent analysis through descriptive and multilevel models. It has been identified that there are cyclical efficiency behaviors over time, and the efficiency levels differ between the studied economies, and evidence about the changes in the efficiency behavior when the economic scenario changes. Additionally, it was identified that environmental characteristics (such as institutions and general economic behavior) also have effects on the degree of relative market inefficiency, and their relation is associated with the behavior predicted in the HMA
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Gutierrez, Ana Lérida Pacheco. "Memória institucional e gestão documental no Instituto de Matemática e Estatística da UFRGS." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/173273.
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Esta dissertação constitui uma investigação sobre as relações entre memória institucional e gestão documental no Instituto de Matemática e Estatística (IME) da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS). O referencial teórico amparou-se em Andrade (2002), Costa (1997), Gondar (2005) e Halbwachs (2006), entre outros. O percurso metodológico constou de um estudo de caso simples, que envolveu pesquisa bibliográfica, documental, registros fotográficos, observação e dezoito entrevistas semiestruturadas realizadas com servidores docentes e técnico-administrativos gestores e não gestores do IME, e com os gestores dos órgãos responsáveis pela gestão documental e difusão da memória institucional da UFRGS. Os dados sistematizados foram analisados segundo a análise de conteúdo temática. Os resultados da contextualização analítica do IME lançam luz sobre as memórias na perspectiva dos gestores docentes, a partir dos relatos dos pioneiros, desde o Instituto de Matemática, denominada de face antiga do IME (1959-1985), e depois da mudança de sede, até a chamada face contemporânea, (1985-2016) em que recentes mudanças culminaram na alteração do próprio nome, que passou a ser Instituto de Matemática e Estatística (IME). A partir das análises, os resultados identificam: 1) a presença de inter-relações macro e microssociais e institucionais, apresentando o IME em relação à UFRGS e às demandas sociais que o mobilizam; 2) a divisão estrutural dos órgãos responsáveis por políticas de gestão documental e de difusão das políticas de memória na UFRGS, aliado ao número limitado de profissionais arquivistas, podem estar limitando seus âmbitos de atuação em setores distintos e não completamente alinhados dentro da UFRGS e 3) a memória institucional se apresenta em uma forma bidimensional e indissociável, onde podem ser identificadas duas faces: a) a face das lembranças, a qual é associada ao plano da expressão oral, da comunicação das práticas e conhecimentos tácitos, da longa permanência e legitimidade frequentemente associada aos gestores docentes e b) a face do esquecimento associada aos seus registros documentais, cuja gestão embora predominantemente realizada por gestores técnico-administrativos, sujeita-se a flutuações e descontinuidades.This dissertation constitutes in an investigation about the relationships between institutional memory and documental management at Statistic and Mathematics Institute (IME) of Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS). The theoric reference was based in Andrade (2002), Costa, (1997), Gondar (2005) and Hawbachs (2006), among other authors. The methodologic course consisted on a simple case study, based in bibliographic and documental research, photographic registers, observation and eighteen demi-structured interviews made with servers: Docents and Technical-Administratives; Managers or non-Managers of IME, and with Managers responsible for Organizations who take role on documental management and spreading of institutional memory of UFRGS. The data was analyzed in accord with thematic content analysis. The results of analytic contextualization of IME brings lights over the memories in a document manager´s perspective. Starting from pioneer´s reports, since the the Mathematics Institute was called “the old face of IME” (1959-1985), and after changing the headquarter´s address, to the called “contemporany face” (1985-2016), in which recent changes leaded to an modification in their own name, now called IME – Mathematics and Statistic Institute. Starting from the analysis, the results indicates: 1) the presence of institutional/social, macro/micro inter-relations presenting the IME related to UFRGS and the social demands who mobilized it. 2) the structural division of the organizations responsible for documental management politics and diffusion of memory politics at UFRGS, allied to an limited number of archivists, can be putting limits to their own activity in different sectors and not entirely aligned inside the University and 3) the institutional memory presentes itself in a two dimensional and non-dissociative form, where two faces can be identified: a)the reminds side, associated to oral expression plan, comunication of practices and tacit knowledge, of long permanency and legitimacy, frequently associated to docent managers, and b) the forgetting side associated to their documental recordings, even made by technical-administrative managers is submissive to fluctuations and discontinuities.
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Plazas, Andrea. "Exploring Tacit Knowledge in Organizations." Honors in the Major Thesis, University of Central Florida, 2013. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETH/id/959.
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There has been a growing prevalent interest to explore the role of knowledge in organizations. Bhardwaj and Monin (2006) identified the knowledge of individuals' as a valuable source of competitive advantage. An organizations well-rounded institutional memory- the organizations collective experiences (Rothwell & Poduch, 2004), fosters competitive advantage. There is a prevailing need to scrutinize the role of tacit knowledge in organizations and how it's hard to articulate nature makes it difficult for organizations to acquire and preserve institutional memory value. The aim of this review is to illustrate that tacit knowledge contributes significantly to the institutional memory value, expansion and preservation. In an effort to simplify this relationship between tacit knowledge and institutional memory, a comprehensive literature search was performed. I first discuss the role of knowledge in organizations and use the literature on tacit knowledge as a guide to explain the importance of its elicitation for institutional memory expansion and preservation. I then propose: (1) the use of tacit knowledge elicitation as a mediator, and (2) recommend training and a learning organization environment as moderators, for the contribution to take place. Finally, I suggest that organizations: (a) Elicit tacit knowledge sharing at their human capital development training programs (b) develop and implement this trainings at managerial levels, and (c) a "know-why" method to elicit and capture tacit knowledge in a reference guide, to consequently add value to the institutional memory, I conclude with a discussion of implications and limitations for the proposed perspective, and provide suggestions for future research.B.S.
Bachelors
Sciences
Psychology
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Larsson, Adam, and Simon Schiehle. "The Effects of Diversity on Multinational Organisations : An exploratory case study investigating the cross-cultural management and organisational culture of IKEA." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Företagsekonomi, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-123498.
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Nowadays, multinational organisations face the challenge of managing a diverse workforce. The role of diversity has become increasingly important in a world that is influenced by the outcomes of globalisation. Organisations operate worldwide and therefore recruit their employees from all around the world, which leads to diverse workforces. It is essential for an organisation to be aware of differences within the workforce and to manage diversity actively in order to benefit from its positive potential. The purpose of this study is to analyse the impact diversity has on organisations such as IKEA. Especially how the everyday business life is affected by diversity and if the positive or negative aspects prevail. Further, it is investigated how cross-cultural management can be used as a managerial tool to influence and adjust diversity in a certain way. The organisational culture of an organisation was identified as the third important cornerstone in that relation. The researchers presumed a correlation between those three phenomena. The aforementioned assumptions led to the construction of the following research questions for this study: What impact does diversity have on an organisation such as IKEA? and How does cross-cultural management influence outcomes of diversity and what role does organisational culture play in that context? To answer these research questions, an exploratory study was carried out. An abductive approach was chosen that allowed for adding new theories throughout the research process. The data was collected through nine semi-structured interviews with experienced IKEA managers. Additionally, scientific articles and books were used as support to develop theoretical and practical contributions to the fields of diversity, cross-cultural management and organisational culture. The study revealed that diversity has a large impact on organisations such as IKEA. Furthermore, a correlation between diversity, cross-cultural management and organisational culture was identified. The findings led to the conclusion that diversity within an organisation creates the need for cross-cultural management. Organisational culture, in that context, builds a foundation for values and perceptions that are shared by the workforce. Therefore, a strong organisational culture helps to utilize the positive aspects of having a diverse workforce. In the case of IKEA, successful organisational socialisation and institutionalisation function as tools for preserving institutional memory, in terms of values and ethical business behaviour.
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Barbosa, Nilson Theobald. "Proposta de modelo para as atas do Conselho Universitário da Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro." Niterói, 2017. https://app.uff.br/riuff/handle/1/2899.
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O presente estudo propõe um modelo das Atas do Conselho Universitário da Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro a partir do estudo de sua estrutura e da identificação de seus principais componentes, analisando-se a importância da transformação destes documentos em documentos digitais e o seu papel na memória institucional e nos processos de gestão da Universidade. Utiliza-se como base teórica principalmente a literatura da área da Ciência da Informação, em especial Organização do Conhecimento, com aportes da Ciência da Computação, em especial Modelos Conceituais. A criação deste modelo, representado por um diagrama entidade-relacionamento, explicitando a estrutura das atas, associado à criação de um vocabulário e taxonomias dos seus principais conceitos, contribui para que estes documentos de fundamental importância para a Universidade possam ser gerados de uma forma padronizada permitindo a recuperação inteligente das informações ali depositadas, usufruindo dos conceitos e das tecnologias que suportam a Web Semântica.
From a study of the structure and identification of main elements of the proceedings of University Council of the Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, a model is proposed. The importance of making proceedings digitally available is analyzed, as well as their role in institutional memory and also in University management processes. The study uses theoretical basis mainly from the field of Information Sciences, in particular Organization of Knowledge, and also contributions from Computer Science, especially Conceptual Models. The creation of the model, represented by an Entity–Relationship diagram, explains the structure of the proceedings, associated to the construction of a vocabulary and taxonomy with its main concepts. Being of fundamental importance for the administration of the University, the possibility of having proceedings in a standard format contributes to a smart retrieval, using concepts and technologies that support the Semantic Web.
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Ahlström, Johannes, and Michaela Ficeková. "The relationship between current financial slack resources and future CSR performance. : A quantitative study of public companies in the Nordic Markets." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Företagsekonomi, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-137563.
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Companies are expected to be good corporate citizens and fulfil expectations of both shareholders and stakeholders. Depending on their corporate objectives, companies undertake different CSR activities using their preferred financial resources. The relationship between these two notions is interesting to investigate in the Nordic context since companies in this geographical area are the global leaders in sustainability. We formulate the following research question as: What is the relationship between financial slack and the CSR performance in Nordic countries? As such, the purpose of this thesis is to investigate the underpinnings of whether companies choose to allocate their financial slack resources towards improving performance of CSR, or so called value creation. Doing so, we investigate the relationship between financial slack resources and CSR score. In adopting a regulatory position on the development of society, we conduct our research in accordance with the functionalist research paradigm, namely through commitment to the objectivist ontic and positivist epistemic research philosophies. We answer the research question using the deductive approach. Our research design is framed with an explanatory purpose relying on archival strategy to perform a quantitative study. The theoretical underpinnings for analysis comes in the form of legitimacy theory, the institutional differences hypothesis, Resource-based theory, slack resources theory, stakeholder and shareholder theory. We use multiple linear regressions to analyse cross-sectional data for the period between 2005 and 2015 collected from Thomson Reuters DataStream. Our result indicates that the relationship between financial slack and CSR performance in the following year is mixed with both positive and negative relationships being present. Our most important finding is a pattern indicating that during the year 2008 the relationship changed from being positive to negative. This implies that the more funds a company has at its discretion, the less likely it is for them to invest it in developing their CSR performance the following year. This could have severe negative implications on shareholders, stakeholders and society.
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Campos, José Francisco Guelfi. "Preservando a memória da ciência brasileira: os arquivos pessoais de professores e pesquisadores da Universidade de São Paulo." Universidade de São Paulo, 2014. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/8/8138/tde-11122014-190123/.
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Ao longo de suas vidas funcionais junto à Universidade de São Paulo (USP), pesquisadores e professores atuam nos campos da docência e da investigação científica, acumulando também cargos de gestão. Tais atividades geram um rico manancial documental mantido em seus gabinetes e laboratórios. Todavia, o que ocorre com esta documentação quando deixam de integrar os quadros acadêmicos? A pesquisa busca responder a tal questão. Reconhecendo a relevância e o potencial informativo destes arquivos, repositórios não apenas da memória individual de seus titulares, mas também da própria universidade e, por extensão, da vida científica brasileira, e em face das diversas ações de preservação de arquivos desenvolvidas, sem obedecer a diretrizes comuns ou a um programa regular, pelas faculdades e institutos da USP, nossa intenção é mapear a existência de tais núcleos documentais nos seus diferentes campi e caracterizar as condições em que são preservados e consultados. O resultado a ser alcançado assume duplo caráter: o de um guia, nos moldes preconizados pela literatura arquivística quanto à elaboração de instrumentos de pesquisa, e o de um diagnóstico das circunstâncias de aquisição, custódia e tratamento técnico a que foram submetidos os documentos. O trabalho deverá subsidiar, a curto e médio prazo, a formulação de uma política memorial compatível com a importância da Universidade de São PauloOver their functional life at the University of São Paulo (USP), researchers and professors work on the fields of teaching and scientific investigation, also mounting up management positions. These activities generate a rich source of documents usually kept in their offices and laboratories. However, what happens to such documentation when they leave the academic staff? This study aims to answer this question. By recognizing the relevance and the informational potential of such archives repositories of not only the individual memory of their creators, but also of the university itself and, by extension, of Brazilian scientific life , and by facing the various operations of archives preservation developed by USP colleges and institutes without following common guidelines or frameworks, our purpose is to map the existence of such documentation in the different campuses of the University of São Paulo, characterizing their conditions of access and preservation. The result to be achieved is double-faced: on the one side, we aim to elaborate a guide, adopting the framework of the archival literature on finding aids elaboration; on the other side, we aim to diagnose the circumstances of acquisition, custody and treatment to which the documents were submitted. This study should provide subsidies for the creation, in short and medium term, of a memorial policy compatible with the importance of the University of São Paulo
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Oliveira, Mateus Furlanetto de. "Memória do efêmero: comunicação e memória no processo de institucionalização de grupos de teatro." Universidade de São Paulo, 2011. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/27/27154/tde-17122011-154512/.
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Analisa o contexto em que se inserem os grupos de teatro e seus públicos, suas características específicas e de que forma ações de Comunicação e de Relações Públicas podem provocar e influenciar o relacionamento entre ambos. A partir principalmente de produtos e projetos de memória de grupos de teatro, é possível identificar os potenciais de comunicação que contribuem para a formação e fortalecimento da imagem institucional desses grupos. Embora seja um paradoxo trabalhar a perpetuidade de uma arte cuja natureza é efêmera, encontramos no Grupo Galpão uma série de ações, projetos e produtos que demonstram que é possível, por meio de um projeto consistente, valorizar a imagem e reputação de grupos de teatro.This study seeks to analyse the context of theater groups and their publics/audiences, their specifities and how Communication and Public Relations actions can cause and influence their relationship. Based primarily on memory products and projects of theater groups, it is possible to identify the potential of communication that contributes to the formation and strengthening of the institutional image of these groups. Although working the perpetuity of an art whose nature is ephemeral seems to be a paradox, the Galpão Theater Group keeps a set of actions, projects and products which show us that it is possible to enhance the image and reputation of a theater group by means of a consistent project.
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Ruttimann, Ana Maria. "Informação e memória: atas da Academia Brasileira de Letras 1920 e 1921." Instituto Brasileiro de Informação em Ciência e Tecnologia/Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, 2015. http://ridi.ibict.br/handle/123456789/850.
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Apresenta estudo sobre informação e memória na Academia Brasileira de Letras, através da pesquisa acerca dos assuntos documentados nas atas das sessões plenárias de 1920 e 1921, considerando-se a perspectiva histórica da memória coletiva deste grupo, refletindo sua cultura organizacional. Alicerçado na criação de uma base de dados, sistematizando o ciclo informacional da Instituição para facilitar a contextualização dos assuntos analisados, discorrendo sobre os resultados mais relevantes, atenta às propostas da Ciência da Informação e da Organização do Conhecimento para o resgate da memória da Instituição. Os procedimentos adotados revelaram valores e tradições, o comportamento informacional, o compartilhamento de experiências entre todos os integrantes do universo estudado, assim como as fontes que utilizavam à época, bibliográficas, de informação e conhecimento. No universo específico estudado “Comissões Permanentes e Especiais”, foram constatadas ações e debates relevantes, representativos como fonte de restituição da memória. Também é sinalizada a vastidão do universo estudado e a possibilidade descortinada para futuro aprofundamento e pesquisas.
Presents a study about information and memory in the Brazilian Academy of Letters, through research of the documented subjects in the 1920 and 1921 plenary session minutes, considering the historical perspective of the colective memory of this group, reflecting it's organizational culture. Estructured on the creation of a database, systematizing the informational cicle of the institution to ease off the contextualization of the analyzed matters, discoursing about the most relevant results, attentive to the proposals of the Information Science and of the Organization of Knowledge to the retrieval of the Institution's memory. The adopted procedures revealed values and traditions, the informational behavior, the sharing of experiences among all of the members of the studied universe, as the sources that they used in the time, bibliographical, of information and knowledge. In the specific universe studied, Permanent or Especial Comittees, were verified relevant actions and debates, suitables as sources of memory recover. It's also shown the amplitude of the studied universe and the unveiled possibility for further studies and researches.
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Macri, Anthony. "Efficacité mnésique et mécanisme d'intégration : applications chez l'adulte jeune et dans le vieillissement normal." Thesis, Lyon, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LYSE2102/document.
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Nous sous-estimons sans cesse notre mémoire. Nous la blâmons pour ses déboires mais ne la louons jamais pour ses succès. Toutefois, il faut bien l'admettre, notre mémoire flanche et ses capacités, notamment concernant l'évocation de souvenirs, faiblissent avec le temps et l'avancée en âge. Le cadre de la cognition incarnée propose que notre mémoire n'est pas simplement un outil nous permettant d'accéder à notre passé. Elle est avant tout tournée vers le présent et nous aide à appréhender chaque moment de notre vie quotidienne grâce à l'accumulation des expériences que nous vivons et qui nous servent de référence. La mémoire conserve des traces sensori-motrices de ces expériences (Versace, Labeye, Badard, & Rose, 2009) et son efficacité se définit alors par la capacité d'une situation à réactiver des propriétés stockées en mémoire et pertinentes par rapport à cette situation. C'est de cette réactivation que découle l'émergence des connaissances mais l'efficacité de cette réactivation dépend principalement du lien entre les différentes propriétés lorsqu'elles sont encodées au sein des traces des événements auxquels elles appartiennent. Au sein du modèle fonctionnel de mémoire à traces-multiples Act-in (Versace et al., 2014), l'établissement de ce lien repose sur le mécanisme d'intégration intra-trace. Certains facteurs, tels que la réalisation d'une action ou l'expérience d'une émotion, sont connus pour leurs effets sur l'efficacité de la mémoire. Cependant, ces effets n'ont que très peu été étudiés en rapport avec une conception incarnée de la mémoire. Nous émettions l'hypothèse que l'influence de ces facteurs sur la mémoire reflétait principalement leur impact sur le fonctionnement du mécanisme d'intégration. Le premier objectif de ce travail de thèse était donc d'évaluer si l'action et l'émotion permettaient d'améliorer le fonctionnement du mécanisme d'intégration. Ce mécanisme pouvant opérer à différents niveaux d'association entre les propriétés d'un événement : intégration des propriétés d'un item ou intégration de cet item à son contexte; ces travaux avaient également pour objectif de mettre en évidence un pattern clair vis-à-vis des effets de l'action et de l'émotion sur ces différents niveaux. Enfin, nous soutenons l'hypothèse émise par certains auteurs (e.g. Benjamin, 2000) selon laquelle les difficultés mnésiques rencontrées lors du vieillissement normal sont dues à un déficit dans l'établissement d'associations en mémoire entre différents éléments d'un événements. Ce déficit associatif peut se traduire en termes de déficit du mécanisme d'intégration et le dernier objectif de ces travaux consistait à évaluer si l'action et l'émotion, de par leur influence sur le mécanisme d'intégration, pouvaient réduire les déficits mnésiques observés chez les personnes âgées. Afin de tester ces hypothèses, nous avons employé un paradigme permettant d'obtenir des scores de performances sur les différents niveaux d'intégration chez un même individu tout en manipulant les effets de la réalisation d'actions au moment de l'encodage de l'information ou en manipulant la valence émotionnel du matériel employé et ce chez des adultes jeunes et âgésWe tend to always underestimate our memory. We blame it for its mishaps but never praise it for its successes. Nonetheless, one must admit that memory has its flaws and its capacities, mostly regarding recollections, weaken with time and age. In the grounded cognition framework, memory is not just a tool to access our past. Memory is mainly turned towards the present and it helps us adapt to each moment of our daily lives thanks to the accumulation of the experiences we live and that become references. Memory is made up of sensori-motor traces of these experiences (Versace, Labeye, Badard, & Rose, 2009) and its effectiveness is thus defined by the potential of a situation to reactivate the properties stored in memory and that are relevant for the present situation. Knowledge emerges the reactivation from but the effectiveness of the reactivation depends mostly on the link between the different properties of an event at the moment of their encoding in memory. Within Act-in, a multiple-traces functional memory model (Versace et al., 2014), the formation of this link rests upon the integration mechanism.Several factors, such as performing an action or experiencing an emotion, are known to influence on memory effectiveness. However, this influence has only be rarely investigated in a grounded approach of memory. We formulated the hypothesis that the influence of these factors on memory reflects their impact on the integration mechanism. The first objective of this thesis was to assess if action and emotion were able to improve integration. This mechanism operates on different levels of association between the properties of an event: integration of the properties of an item and integration of the item to its context; the work reported in the present document aimed to identify a clear pattern regarding the effects of action and emotion on these different levels.Finally, we support the hypothesis formulated by several authors (e.g. Benjamin, 2000) according to which the memory difficulties encountered in normal aging are caused by a deficit in the formation of associations between the different elements of an event in memory. The associative deficit can be translated in terms of an integration deficit and our last objective was then to assess if action and emotion, through their influence on integration, could reduce the memory deficits observed in older adults. To test these hypotheses, we used a paradigm designed to evaluate the performances on the different levels of integration in one individual manipulating at the same time the actions performed by the participants at encoding or the emotional valence of the material both in young and older adults
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Löfgren, Håkan. "Det sitter inte i väggarna : Yrkesidentiteter i lärares berättelser om skola och arbete." Doctoral thesis, Karlstads universitet, Avdelningen för utbildningsvetenskap, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-8955.
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This dissertation deals with the changing conditions for schools and the teaching profession from a teachers’ perspective. The process of the global restructuring of national educational systems that gained momentum in Sweden in the 1990s, involved the introduction of a school voucher system, competition mechanisms and the decentralization of responsibilities to schools and teachers. The aim of this dissertation is to examine teachers’ professional identities in relation to changes in local and global conditions for schools and the teaching profession. Empirically, this study is anchored in 15 life history interviews conducted with eight teachers who have been working at the same secondary school in a Swedish mid-sized town. The school opened in 1965 in a residential area and closed down 2007 facing difficulties in attracting students. The teachers’ professional identities are analyzed in terms of identity performances, that is, the socially situated actions embedded in the stories and the interviews, in which they express and negotiate who they are or would like to be as a teacher. Methodologically this study contributes to a new way of investigating the relation between local school contexts and teacher identities by analyzing the institutional memories of a school. Results show that educational restructuring in this local school context entailed shifts in the meanings of previously known social relationships and phenomena, such as the school’s mixed student base, reputation and forms of cooperation, and that the local press became an important actor when market mechanisms were introduced. The study highlights the complexity and variability when professional identities take shape in the teachers’ stories. Some features of the professional identities focused on in this study appear to be relatively stable, while others appear to be more varying. Self biographical factors, culturally available narratives of the teaching profession, as well as local factors tend to have a stabilizing effect on the identities shaped in the stories. However, diverse professional aims, life events and changing working conditions contribute to changes in the identity constructions. In the analysis of the institutional memories presented in the thesis, it is evident that identity performances are shaped in the teachers’ retellings of those memories. In different teachers’ versions of institutional memories, identity performances that stress e.g. the importance of discipline in school and opposition to women’s subordination are shaped.
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Belsuz, Autran. "Tests de l'efficience faible à partir des ondelettes de Haar." Thesis, La Réunion, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LARE0061/document.
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Cette thèse proposée utilise les ondelettes de Haar à créer de nouveaux indicateurs techniques, d’en évaluer leurs performances afin de tester la validité de l’efficience faible des marchés financiers. L’approche choisie vise à mettre en œuvre les capacités des indicateurs techniques à capter la mémoire longue présente dans les indices boursiers américains et européens à travers l’estimation de la tendance par le processus de lissage. De plus, cette dernière est une composante importante dans les séries économiques et financières. En effet, elle a fait l’objet d’innombrables investigations tant en analyse technique, qu’en traitement du signal et dans la théorie des cycles économiques. Toutefois, sa présence n’entre pas en ligne de compte dans la théorie classique de la finance, car les principaux modèles utilisés se focalisent sur les variations des cours boursiers. À cet effet, la tendance constitue une source de non-stationnarité entraînant des difficultés majeures pour la modélisation économétrique ou financière. Exploiter cette tendance s’affranchit, dans ce cas, des hypothèses de non-stationnarité tendancielle ou de racine unitaire. En plus, à l’issue des résultats que nous avons obtenus à partir du modèle à changement de régime. Nous confirmons qu’il est possible d’exploiter la présence de mémoire longue dans les cours, et également de battre le marché en présence de coûts de transactions sur les marchés américains et européensThis proposed thesis uses the Haar wavelets to create new technical indicators, to evaluate their performance in order to test the validity of the weak form of efficient market hypothesis. The chosen approach aims to implement the capabilities of technical indicators to capture the long memory present in the US and European stock indices through the estimation of the trend by the smoothing process. Moreover, the trend is an important component in the economic and financial series. Indeed, it has been the subject of innumerable investigations in technical analysis, in signal processing and in the theory business cycle theory. However, its presence is not taken into account in the classic theory of finance because the main models used focus on changes in stock prices. For this purpose, the trend constitutes a source of non-stationarity leading to major difficulties for econometric or financial modeling. Exploit trend is freed, in this case, from the hypotheses of tendancy or unit root. In addition, the issue of the results we obtained from the regime change model. We confirm that it is possible to exploit the presence of long memory in the series, and also to beat the market in the presence of transaction costs on the American and European markets
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Marques, Lilian Matheus. "Memória institucional da Faculdade de Direito de Santos: a gênese da Universidade Católica de Santos (1951-1953)." Universidade Católica de Santos, 2016. http://biblioteca.unisantos.br:8181/handle/tede/2621.
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Universidade Católica de Santos - Católica de Santos
This essay handles the creation process of Santos Law School, the first catholic university in Santos, the genesis of the first university of Santos region, with a historical cutout between 1951 and 1953, year that preceded the authorization, subsequent year from the authorization for its effective operation and the first year of operation. It intends to interrogate the feeling of belonging in the concrete practices of people who participated in the creation process of the institution and rebuild the two starting years of history of this institution of higher education, attempting to the impacts produced in the city. The record of this journey is important for the construction of institutional and historical Memory, in a way to contribute for the image empowerment of this higher education institution. When working with the concepts of historical and institutional memory and higher education institution, it details the comprehension envolving collective memory; that is, that memory which is narrated by an individual (hereby understood and taken as significative totality, or as a bundle of multiple determinations, relations) who, when reminiscing the past, evidences events defined as socially important and structuring by the society of its time. Therefore, research techniques (interviews, mainly) are used for such purposes and offered by Oral History.
Esta dissertação abordou o processo de criação da Faculdade de Direito de Santos, a primeira faculdade católica de Santos e a gênese da primeira universidade da Região Metropolitana da Baixada Santista, com um recorte histórico entre os anos de 1951 e 1953, respectivamente o ano que precedeu a autorização, o ano subsequente quando da autorização para seu efetivo funcionamento e o primeiro ano de funcionamento. Interrogou sobre o sentimento de pertencimento nas práticas concretas dos sujeitos que participaram do processo de criação da instituição e reconstruir os dois anos iniciais da história desta instituição de ensino superior, atentando para os impactos produzidos na Cidade. O registro dessa caminhada foi importante para a construção da Memória institucional e histórica, posto a contribuir para o fortalecimento da imagem desta instituição de ensino superior. Ao trabalhar com os conceitos de memória (histórica e institucional) e de instituição de ensino (superior), explicitou a compreensão que se tem sobre memória coletiva; ou seja, aquela memória que é narrada por um indivíduo (aqui entendido e tomado como totalidade significativa, ou como feixe de múltiplas determinações, relações) que, ao rememorar o passado, evidenciou acontecimentos que a sociedade do seu tempo definiu como importantes e estruturantes do social. Para tanto, fez-se uso de técnicas de pesquisa (entrevistas, principalmente) oferecidas pela História Oral.
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Gindri, Gigiane. "MEMÓRIA DE TRABALHO, CONSCIÊNCIA FONOLÓGICA E HIPÓTESE DE ESCRITA: Um estudo com alunos de pré-escola e de primeira série." Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 2006. http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/6414.
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This research was carried out aiming to evaluate the relationship among working memory, phonological awareness and the writing hypothesis in preschoolers and first graders. The sample was compound of 90 students belonging to state schools, distributed in seven geographical urban areas from Santa Maria/RS, who presented typical linguistic development. Forty students were preschoolers average age of six, and 50 were first graders with average age of seven. The sample was submitted to the evaluation of the abilities of working memory based on the Working Memory Model, Baddeley (2000), involving Phonological loop. Phonological loop was evaluated using the Auditory Sequential Test, subtest 5 of Illinois Test of Psycholinguistic Abilities (ITPA), Brazilian version carried out by Bogossian and Santos (1977), and the Meaningless Words Memory Test carried out by Kessler (1997). Phonological awareness abilities were studied using the Phonological Awareness: Instrument of Sequential Assessment (CONFIAS) elaborated by Moojen et al. (2003), considering tasks of syllabic and phonemic awareness. The writing was featured according to the proposal of Ferreiro and Teberosky (1999). The findings were analyzed using non-parametric and parametric tests with Statistics Software SPSS 8.0. Preschoolers presented capacity of repeating sequences of 4,80 digits and 4,30 syllables. In phonological awareness, the performance in level of syllables was 19,68 and 8,58 in phoneme level. They also showed pre-syllabic writing hypothesis. On the first grade, students repeated, in average, sequences of 5,06 digits and 4,56 syllables. They presented 31,12 in phonological awareness at syllable level, and 16,18 at phoneme level. Besides, they also showed alphabetic writing hypothesis. The results show that working memory performance, phonological awareness and writing level have an inter-relation, and are related to chronological age, consequent maturity and increase in the school level.Este estudo teve por objetivo verificar a relação entre a memória de trabalho, a consciência fonológica e a hipótese de escrita, em alunos de pré-escola e primeira série. A amostra foi composta de 90 alunos da rede estadual de ensino, distribuídos entre as sete áreas geográficas da zona urbana, do município de Santa Maria/RS, que apresentavam desenvolvimento lingüístico típico. Destes, 40 alunos eram da pré-escola, com idade média de seis anos, e 50 eram da primeira série, com idade média de sete anos. A amostra selecionada foi submetida à avaliação das habilidades de memória de trabalho com base no Modelo de Memória de Trabalho de Baddeley (2000), envolvendo a Alça Fonológica. A Alça Fonológica foi avaliada através do subteste cinco, de Memória Seqüencial Auditiva do Teste Illinois de Habilidades Psicolinguísticas (ITPA), adaptação brasileira realizada por Bogossian e Santos (1977), e do Teste de Memória com Palavras sem Significado, elaborado por Kessler (1997). As habilidades de Consciência Fonológica foram estudadas a partir do teste Consciência Fonológica: Instrumento de Avaliação Seqüencial (CONFIAS), elaborado por Moojen et al. (2003), considerando tarefas de consciência silábica e fonêmica. A escrita foi caracterizada conforme a proposta de Ferreiro e Teberosky (1999). Os resultados foram analisados, através de testes não-paramétricos e paramétricos, com o Software Estatístico SPSS versão 8.0. Os alunos de préescola apresentaram capacidade de repetir seqüências de 4,80 dígitos e 4,30 sílabas; em consciência fonológica, o desempenho em nível de sílabas foi de 19.68 e 8,58, em nível de fonemas; e hipótese de escrita pré-silábica, em sua maioria. Na primeira série, os alunos repetiram, em média, seqüências de 5,06 dígitos e 4,56 sílabas, apresentaram desempenho de 31,32, em consciência fonológica em nível de sílabas, e 16,18, em nível de fonemas; e hipótese alfabética de escrita. Concluise que o desempenho em memória de trabalho, consciência fonológica e nível de escrita se inter-relacionam, bem como estão relacionados com a idade cronológica, conseqüente maturidade e aumento do nível de escolaridade.
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Cotta, Evelin Stahlhoefer. "História e memória institucional da Escola de Administração da UFRGS : espaço social para a construção do habitus." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/173744.
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A presente pesquisa objetivou investigar a criação de um novo habitus a partir da história e memórias da Escola de Administração (EA) da UFRGS que completou 20 anos em 2016. Para tanto, foi realizado um levantamento documental e fotográfico dos 20 anos da instituição, além de entrevistas de história oral com agentes vinculados a ela durante este período. As falas foram subdivididas nas categorias: história, memória e habitus e analisadas a partir de referencial teórico de Pierre Bourdieu e Joel Candau. Evidenciou-se nas falas que o campo de pesquisa demonstrou as razões práticas de todas as relações sociais e interações junto aos agentes. As mudanças de entendimento e encaminhamento de vida a partir das experiências vivenciadas no campo acadêmico resultaram em transformações práticas, tais como: i) Docentes – aplicação de novas metodologias em sala de aula; descoberta do papel de líder, gerador e inspirador de conhecimento; maior respeito à participação dos alunos em sala de aula. ii) Discentes – descoberta de competências próprias; crescimento profissional e pessoal; vocação acadêmica; entendimento da atuação profissional em áreas como marketing, finanças e outras; responsabilidade por gerir e se relacionar com pessoas; ativismo político. iii) Técnicos – sentido para a vida. Confirma assim, que as estruturas estabelecidas na EA contribuíram para a formação de um novo habitus, considerando os efeitos e os espaços de possibilidades desse campo social, da reprodução, do capital cultural, da conversão do olhar percebida em todos os atores sociais a ela vinculados.The present research aimed to investigate the creation of a new habitus from the history and memories of the School of Administration (EA) of UFRGS, which completed 20 years in 2016. For that, a documentary and photographic survey of the institution's 20 years was carried out. Of oral history interviews with agents linked to her during this period. The lines were subdivided into the categories: history, memory and habitus and analyzed from the theoretical reference of Pierre Bourdieu and Joel Candau. It was evidenced in the speeches that the field of research demonstrated the practical reasons of all the social relations and interactions with the agents. Changes in the understanding and routing of life from the experiences lived in the academic field have resulted in practical transformations, such as: i) Teachers - application of new methodologies in the classroom; discovery of the role of leader, generator and inspirer of knowledge; respect for student participation in the classroom. ii) Students - self-discovery; professional and personal growth; academic vocation; understanding of professional performance in areas such as marketing, finance and others; responsibility for managing and relating to people; political activism. iii) Technicians - meaning for life. It confirms that the structures established in the EA have contributed to the formation of a new habitus, considering the effects and spaces of possibilities of this social field, of reproduction, of cultural capital, of the conversion of the perceived look in all social actors linked to it
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Vargas, Lisandra Rosa de. "Seção de arquivo permanente do Arquivo Central da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul : diagnóstico sobre a preservação, a descrição e a difusão dos fundos UPA e URGS." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/171733.
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Este trabalho é um diagnóstico sobre a preservação, a descrição e a difusão dos Fundos Universidade de Porto Alegre (UPA) e Universidade do Rio Grande do Sul (URGS), que estão sob custódia do Arquivo Central da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS). Os objetivos da pesquisa são: analisar, de forma comparativa, a gestão documental, as políticas arquivísticas e o tipo de tratamento dado à documentação de caráter permanente em três instituições federais de ensino superior: UNIRIO, UFJF e UFSM, com vista à obtenção de informações sobre suas experiências na implantação de seus arquivos permanentes e/ou históricos; realizar levantamento a respeito dos Fundos UPA e URGS; proceder a um diagnóstico desses fundos, visando a sua caracterização como patrimônio cultural do tipo documental da UFRGS; propor um plano de ação com sugestões para a conservação e preservação desses fundos e também para a constituição da Seção de Arquivo Permanente do Arquivo Central da UFRGS, a partir dos conhecimentos produzidos por meio do estudo realizado na UNIRIO, UFJF e UFSM. Quanto à metodologia, a pesquisa teve caráter exploratório e descritivo, e a abordagem utilizada foi a qualitativa. Trabalhou-se com pesquisa documental e de campo. A técnica de coleta de dados utilizada em campo foi a da entrevista semiestruturada com os Diretores do Arquivo Central da UNIRIO, da UFJF e do Arquivo Geral da UFSM. O diagnóstico apresentado propiciou descrever a situação em que se encontram os Fundos citados em relação às dimensões do acervo; às condições de infraestrutura e ambientais do local de seu armazenamento; e às suas condições de preservação e conservação. A partir dessa investigação, foi possível caracterizar esses Fundos como componentes do patrimônio documental da UFRGS e da sociedade sul-rio-grandense. Sugeriu-se a Norma Brasileira de Descrição Arquivística (NOBRADE) para o processo de descrição e o ICA-AtoM e/ou AtoM para a difusão e socialização do acervo. Constatou-se que a criação do Sistema de Arquivos da UFRGS foi uma ação que não se concretizou na implantação das políticas arquivísticas e de gestão documental no âmbito da universidade, assim como outras ações do passado; e que com a nova Direção da Divisão de Documentação houve uma retomada dessa questão, com o assessoramento às unidades universitárias na gestão de seus acervos documentais. Sugeriu-se a constituição da Seção de Arquivo Permanente do Arquivo Central da UFRGS, como forma de preservar o patrimônio documental da instituição, a partir da elaboração de uma Política de Preservação do 10 Patrimônio Documental. Salienta-se que a constituição da Seção já foi encaminhada ao Pró- Reitor de Planejamento e Administração, para ser enviado ao Conselho Universitário (CONSUN), por meio do Regulamento do Arquivo Central.This work is a diagnosis about preservation, description and diffusion of the University of Porto Alegre (UPA) and University of Rio Grande do Sul (URGS) Funds, which are in the custody of the Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS). The objectives of the research are: to analyze, in a comparative way, the document management. archival policies and the type of treatment that is given to permanent documentation in three federal institutions of higher education: UNIRIO, UFJF and UFSM, with a view to obtaining information about their experiences in the implantation of their permanent and/or historical archives; carry out a survey on the UPA and URGS Funds; to carry out a diagnosis of these funds, aiming at their characterization as cultural heritage of the documentary type of UFRGS; propose a plan of action with suggestions for the conservation and preservation of these funds and also for the constitution of the Permanent Archive Section of the Central Archive of UFRGS, based on the knowledge produced through the study conducted at UNIRIO, UFJF and UFSM. As for the methodology, the research had an exploratory and descriptive character and the approach used was qualitative. We worked with documentary and field research. The technique of data collection used in the field was the semi-structured interview, with the Directors of the Central Archive of UNIRIO, UFJF and the General Archive of UFSM. The diagnosis presented was intended to describe the situation in which the Funds are concerned in relation to the size of the collection; the infrastructure and environmental conditions of the storage site; and their conditions of preservation and conservation. Based on this research, it was possible to characterize these Funds as components of the documentary heritage of UFRGS and of the society of Rio Grande do Sul. The Brazilian Standard for Archival Description – NOBRADE was suggested for the description process and the ICA-AtoM and/or AtoM for the diffusion and socialization of the collection. It was verified that the creation of the File System of UFRGS was an action that did not materialize in the implantation of the archival policies and document management in the scope of the university, as well as other actions of the past; and that with the new Direction of the Documentation Division there was a resumption of this question, with the advice to the university units in the management of their documentary collections. It was suggested the constitution of the Permanent Archive Section of the Central Archive of UFRGS, as a way of preserving the documentary heritage of the institution, based on the 12 elaboration of a Policy for Preservation of Documentary Heritage. It should be noted that the constitution of the Section has already been sent to the Pro-Rector of Planning and Administration, to be sent to the University Council (CONSUN), through the Central Archive Regulation.
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De, Heusch Magali. "Les cellules dendritiques dans l'immunité, la mémoire et la tolérance." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/211159.
Full textAbstract:
La première étape de la réponse immune est réalisée par des cellules "sentinelles": les cellules dendritiques (DC). Elles ont à la fois un rôle de surveillance de l’organisme et une capacité unique à alerter les lymphocytes T naïfs. Leur efficacité à présenter des antigènes rencontrés en périphérie à des lymphocytes résidant dans les organes lymphoïdes résulte d’une spécialisation de fonction au cours du temps. A l’état immature, elles capturent et apprêtent les antigènes protéiques au niveau de divers organes, mais ont une faible capacité stimulatrice. Par contre, à l’état mature, elles perdent la capacité de capturer des antigènes, acquièrent celle de sensibiliser des lymphocytes T et migrent vers les organes lymphoïdes. Cependant, des DC immatures sont présentes dans les organes lymphoïdes en contact avec les cellules T laissant supposer qu’elles pourraient jouer d’autres rôles que celui de sentinelles.
L’immunisation de souris par injection de DC immatures ou matures nous a permis de mettre en évidence un rôle potentiel des DC immatures. Ces dernières induisent en effet une prolifération des cellules T CD4 et leur différenciation en cellules de mémoire en absence de réponse primaire effectrice (absence d’IFN-&
Doctorat en sciences, Spécialisation biologie moléculaire
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
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Basic, Aldin, and Christoffer Wallin. "Bransch kontra börsvärde : En studie angående den förväntade reporäntans effekt på small- och large-cap bolag inom olika branscher." Thesis, Södertörns högskola, Företagsekonomi, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-32859.
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Trenden inom världsekonomin har på senare år indikerat på en mognad där tillväxten ligger på låga tal historisk. Detta har tvingat centralbanker runt omkring jorden att drastiskt ta till åtgärder för att stimulera tillväxten. Reporäntan har använts som det mest centrala instrumentet för detta ändamål. Sverige är ett levande exempel på detta, där de har sänkt räntan lägre än den fruktade nollnivån och har i dagsläget en ränta på -0,5 %. Effekterna av reporänteförändringar på aktievärdering har studerats brett och den ackumulerade åsikten bland forskare är att räntan påverkar aktiemarknaden direkt. De historiska studierna som har utförts fokuserar på hur marknaden som helhet påverkas där de individuella företagseffekterna hamnar i skymundan. Därför har denna studie fokuserat på att undersöka dessa branschrelaterade effekter av en ränteförändring på individuella företag inom de valda branscherna. Detta område har undersökts med hjälp av en eventstudie. Resultaten från studien visar på homogena effekter för mindre bolag där dessa får en större påverkan vid förändringar än stora bolag. Detta visar sig även mellan de olika branscherna. De observerade branscherna är sällanköpsvaror och dagligvaror, de branschspecifika effekterna som studien visar är att dagligvaror påverkas signifikant mer än sällanköpsvaror. Vidare visar resultatet att företagsstorlek har en större påverkan än branschtillhörighet, där small-cap bolag inom sällanköpsvaror har större påverkan än large-cap bolag inom dagligvaror. En negativ förändring går även att hänvisa till mer homogena rörelser för branscherna samt de olika storlekarna. Vidare gav positiva nyheter en mer heterogen rörelse där de mindre bolagen ej korrelerade med dem större.In recent years, the trend in the world economy has indicated a maturity in growth which is low in historical terms. This has forced central banks around the world to drastically act to stimulate growth. The prime rate has then been used as the most central instrument for this purpose. Sweden is a living example of this as they have lowered interest rates below the dreaded zero level and currently have an interest rate of -0.5 %. The effects of prime rate changes on stock valuation have been studied widely, and the accumulated opinion among researchers is that interest rates directly affect the stock market. The historical studies that have been carried out focus on how the market as a whole is affected where individual effects on businesses end up in the dark. Therefore, this study has focused on investigating these industry-related effects of an interest rate change on individual companies in the chosen industries. The results from the study show homogenous effects for smaller companies, where the impact is greater on them in addition to larger companies. This is also apparent between the different industries. This area of concerns has been studied with an event study. The observed industries are consumer discretionary and commodities, the industry-specific effects shown by the study are that commodities are significantly more affected than consumer discretionarys’. Furthermore, the results show that company size is a greater indicator than industry due to the greater effect on small companies within consumer discretionary than on larger companies in the commodities sector. A negative change can also be referred to more homogeneous movements for the industries as well as the different business sizes. In addition, positive news gave a more heterogeneous move where the smaller companies did not correlate with the larger ones.